WO2023025149A1 - Dispositif de guidage de lumière, dispositif de source de lumière, système d'affichage et véhicule de transport - Google Patents

Dispositif de guidage de lumière, dispositif de source de lumière, système d'affichage et véhicule de transport Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023025149A1
WO2023025149A1 PCT/CN2022/114263 CN2022114263W WO2023025149A1 WO 2023025149 A1 WO2023025149 A1 WO 2023025149A1 CN 2022114263 W CN2022114263 W CN 2022114263W WO 2023025149 A1 WO2023025149 A1 WO 2023025149A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
transflective
light guide
reflective
source
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PCT/CN2022/114263
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
吴慧军
徐俊峰
方涛
Original Assignee
未来（北京）黑科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202110968880.1A external-priority patent/CN115933043A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202121983323.9U external-priority patent/CN216817084U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202121985764.2U external-priority patent/CN216748171U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202110970591.5A external-priority patent/CN115903224A/zh
Application filed by 未来（北京）黑科技有限公司 filed Critical 未来（北京）黑科技有限公司
Publication of WO2023025149A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023025149A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/04—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings formed by bundles of fibres

Definitions

  • At least some embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a light guide device, a light source device, a display system, and a vehicle.
  • the head up display (HUD) technology can project the image light from the image source (including vehicle information such as vehicle speed or other information) to the imaging plate or the windshield of the vehicle (such as a car) through reflective optical design Imaging windows such as glass, so that users (such as drivers) can directly see information without looking down at the dashboard during driving. For example, this can not only improve driving safety factors, but also bring better driving experience.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a light guide device, a light source device, a display system and a vehicle.
  • a light guide device including: a light guide structure, including a light outcoupling portion configured to outcouple light propagating in the light guide structure,
  • the light guide structure includes a first light guide element and a second light guide element, the light entering the light guide structure is transmitted to the second light guide element through the first light guide element, and the light coupler At least part of the output part is located in the second light guide element;
  • the first light guide element includes a medium configured to transmit the light and a first reflective structure located on at least two sides of the medium, the The first reflective structure is configured to reflect the light incident on the first light guiding element at least once so that the light is transmitted to the second light guiding element; and/or the first light guiding element is configured In order to perform total reflection and propagation on the light incident to the first light guide element so that the light is transmitted to the second light guide element.
  • FIG. 1A is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a light guide device provided according to an example of an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 1B is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a light guide device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 2 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a light guide device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 3A is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a light guide device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 3B is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a light guide device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 4 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a light guide device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 5 is a light guide device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 6 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a light guide device provided according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 7 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a light guide device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 8A to 8C are partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagrams of light guide devices provided according to three examples of embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 9 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a light guide device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 10A is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a light guide device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 10B is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of the light guide device when the light guide medium includes air;
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of total reflection propagation of light in a light guide structure provided with an optical coupling part according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a light guide structure provided with an optical outcoupling part according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIGS. 13A to 13H are schematic diagrams of a partial planar structure of a transflective element provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 14A and FIG. 14B are schematic diagrams of a partial planar structure of a transflective element provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 15A and FIG. 15B are schematic diagrams of a partial planar structure of a transflective element provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 16 is a light guide device provided according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 17 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a light guide device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a light source device provided according to the present disclosure.
  • 19A and 19B are partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagrams of a display device provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 20 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a display device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 21 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a display device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 22 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a head-up display provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 23A is a head-up display provided according to an example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 23B is a head-up display provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 24a shows a schematic structural diagram of a light source device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 24b shows a second structural schematic diagram of a light source device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 25a shows a third structural schematic diagram of a light source device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 25b shows a fourth structural schematic diagram of a light source device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 25c shows the fifth structural schematic diagram of the light source device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 25d shows a sixth structural schematic diagram of a light source device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 26a shows a structural schematic diagram VII of a light source device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 26b shows a schematic eighth structural diagram of a light source device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 27a shows a schematic diagram 1 of a light splitting structure and a polarization conversion structure in a light source device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 27b shows the second schematic diagram of the light splitting structure and polarization conversion structure in the light source device of some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 27c shows the third schematic diagram of the light splitting structure and polarization conversion structure in the light source device of some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 27d shows a schematic diagram 4 of the light splitting structure and the polarization conversion structure in the light source device of some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 28a shows a structural schematic diagram nine of a light source device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 28b shows a schematic structural diagram ten of a light source device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 28c shows a schematic structural diagram eleventh of a light source device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 29 shows a schematic structural diagram twelve of a light source device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 30 shows a schematic structural diagram of a light source device thirteen according to some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 31 shows a first schematic diagram of a display device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 32 shows a third schematic diagram of a display device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 33 shows a schematic diagram of a heads-up display system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 34 shows a first schematic diagram of a display system provided by at least some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Figure 35a shows a second schematic diagram of a display system provided by at least some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Figure 35b shows a third schematic diagram of a display system provided by at least some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 36a shows a first schematic diagram of a light source device of a display system provided by at least some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 36b shows a second schematic diagram of a light source device of a display system provided by at least some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 36c shows a third schematic diagram of a light source device of a display system provided by at least some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 37a shows a schematic diagram 1 of arrangement of light sources along a first direction provided by at least some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 37b shows a second schematic diagram of the arrangement of light sources along the first direction provided by at least some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 38a shows a first schematic diagram of arrangement of light sources along a second direction provided by at least some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 38b shows a second schematic diagram of the arrangement of light sources along the second direction provided by at least some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 39a shows a first schematic diagram of a light guide device of a display system provided by at least some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 39b shows a second schematic diagram of a light guide device of a display system provided by at least some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 40 shows a fourth schematic diagram of a display system provided by at least some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 41 shows a schematic diagram of a light guiding device and an image generating device provided by at least some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 42 shows a first schematic diagram of the light conversion part of the display system provided by at least some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 43a shows a second schematic diagram of the light conversion part of the display system provided by at least some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 43b shows a third schematic diagram of the light converting part of the display system provided by at least some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 43c shows a schematic diagram 4 of the light conversion part of the display system provided by at least some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 43d shows a fifth schematic diagram of the light conversion part of the display system provided by at least some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 44 shows a first schematic diagram of a dodging part provided by at least some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 45 shows a first schematic diagram of a light guiding device and a light homogenizing part provided by at least some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 46a shows a second schematic diagram of a light guiding device and a light homogenizing part provided by at least some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 46b shows the third schematic diagram of the light guiding device and light homogenizing part provided by at least some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 47a shows a first schematic diagram of a light conversion part and a light uniform part provided by at least some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 47b shows the second schematic diagram of the light conversion part and light uniform part provided by at least some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 48a shows the second schematic diagram of the dodging part provided by at least some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 48b shows the third schematic diagram of the dodging part provided by at least some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 49 shows a fifth schematic diagram of a display system provided by at least some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 50 is an exemplary block diagram of a vehicle according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 30 light source device; 31: light source structure; 32: light guide structure; 321 optocoupler output unit; 3211: first optocoupler output unit group; 3212: second optocoupler output unit group; 322: light-incoming area; 323: reflector; 324: light guide medium; 33: light uniform part; 331: first light uniform part; 332: second light uniform part; 333: first reflective film; 334: second reflective film; 34: light splitting structure ;35: reflective element; 36: light collecting part; 37: polarization conversion structure; 300: display device: 310: liquid crystal screen: 320: light converging element; 330: diffusing element; 400; head-up display system; 410: imaging window; 420: eye box area; 430: virtual image.
  • light guide structure may also be called “light guide structure”
  • light source structure may also be called “light source part”
  • light guide medium may also be called “light guide structure”.
  • Light guide medium can also be called “polarization beam splitting structure”
  • polarization conversion structure can also be called “polarization conversion structure”
  • light gathering element can also be called “light converging part”
  • display Device may also be referred to as a “display system”
  • a “head-up display” may also be referred to as a “head-up display system”.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a light guide device, including: a light guide structure, including a light outcoupling portion configured to outcouple light propagating in the light guide structure , wherein the light guide structure includes a first light guide element and a second light guide element, the light entering the light guide structure is transmitted to the second light guide element through the first light guide element, and the light At least part of the outcoupling portion is located in the second light guide element, the first light guide element includes a medium configured to propagate the light and first reflective structures located on at least two sides of the medium, the first light guide element A reflective structure is configured to reflect light incident on the first light guiding element at least once so that the light is transmitted to the second light guiding element.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a light guide device, including: a light guide structure, including a light outcoupling portion configured to outcouple light propagating in the light guide structure,
  • the light guide structure includes a first light guide element and a second light guide element, the light entering the light guide structure is configured to be transmitted to the second light guide element through the first light guide element, so The light outcoupling part is at least partly located on the second light guide element, and the first light guide element is configured to perform total reflection and propagation on the light incident to the first light guide element so that the light propagates to the second light guide element.
  • the second light guide element; the first light guide element includes at least two reflective surfaces, the divergence angle of the light incident into the first light guide element is ⁇ , and the at least two reflective surfaces include opposite to each other Two reflective surfaces, wherein the angle between the two reflective surfaces opposite to each other is between 0° and ⁇ .
  • the light guide device provided in the first aspect or the second aspect of the present disclosure a better uniform light effect can be achieved through the first light guide element, and the following embodiments are applicable to the light guide device provided in the first aspect or the second aspect of the present disclosure Light guide.
  • the light guide device, light source device, display device, and head-up display provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the same components can be arranged in the same way, and all embodiments of the present disclosure are applicable. Regarding multiple protection topics such as light guide device, light source device, display device, and head-up display, the same or similar content will not be repeated in each protection topic, and reference can be made to the descriptions in the corresponding embodiments of other protection topics.
  • FIG. 1A is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a light guide device provided according to an example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the light guiding device includes a light guiding structure 100 .
  • the light guide structure 100 includes a light outcoupling portion 101 configured to outcouple light propagating in the light guide structure 100 .
  • the light guide structure 100 includes a first light guide element 110 and a second light guide element 120, the light entering the light guide structure 100 is transmitted to the second light guide element 120 through the first light guide element 110, at least part of the light coupling part 101 Located in the second light guide element 120 .
  • the first light guide element 110 includes a medium 111 configured to transmit light and a first reflective structure 112 located on at least two sides of the medium 111, and the first reflective structure 112 is configured to reflect light incident on the first light guide element 110. The light is reflected at least once to propagate the light to the second light guiding element 120 .
  • the first reflective structure 112 is configured to reflect the light incident on the first light guide element 110 multiple times to improve the uniformity of the light emitted from the first light guide element 110 .
  • the light emitted from the light source may be uneven in brightness (for example, the light emitted by a light-emitting diode (LED) is generally bright in the center and dark around). Therefore, when the light is coupled out from the light guide device, it is prone to uneven bad question.
  • the uniformity of light emitted from the light guide device can be improved by arranging a first light guide element including a medium and a first reflection structure.
  • the light outcoupling parts 101 are located in the second light guide element 120, and the light outcoupling part 101 is not provided in the first light guide element 110, that is, the first light outcoupling part 101
  • the light guide element 110 is configured to transmit the light therein into the second light guide element 120, and will not emit light to a predetermined area (such as a display panel, or a user, etc.), and the light coupling part provided in the second light guide element 120 101 is configured to emit the light propagating in the second light guiding element 120 to the aforementioned predetermined area.
  • the first reflective structure 112 may be located on both sides of the medium 111 in the Y direction to reflect light propagating in the XY plane.
  • the first reflective structure 112 may further include a portion located on at least one side of the medium 111 in a direction perpendicular to the XY plane, so as to reflect light incident on this portion.
  • the first reflective structure 112 may surround the medium 111 .
  • the first reflective structure 112 may be provided at other positions of the medium 111 except the light-incident side and the light-outside thereof.
  • the side surface of the first reflective structure 112 facing the medium 111 is a reflective surface for reflecting light incident thereon.
  • the first reflective structure 112 can be an element with relatively high reflectivity (for example, the reflectivity is greater than 70%, 80%, 90% or 95%), and can be an integral element, such as a polished metal piece, such as It is a polished piece including metal materials such as aluminum, copper or silver or metal alloy materials.
  • the first reflective structure 112 can also be plated, pasted or sprayed on a substrate (such as glass, plastic, etc.)
  • a metal reflective surface is provided, such as aluminum-plated, silver-plated or copper-plated reflective surfaces; or a dielectric film reflective surface, such as stacked metal oxides, metal nitrides, and inorganic fluorides.
  • the surface of the first reflective structure 112 facing the medium 111 may be coated with a high-reflectivity film, such as an enhanced specular reflector (ESR, Enhanced Specular Reflector).
  • ESR enhanced specular reflector
  • the first reflective structure 112 is a non-light-transmitting structure, and the light incident on the first reflective structure 112 undergoes specular reflection instead of total reflection on the reflective surface of the first reflective structure 112 .
  • the medium 111 and the first reflective structure 112 are independent structures.
  • the above "independent structures" means that the medium 111 and the first reflective structure 112 are not integrated structures, nor are they made of the same material, but there is no limitation on whether the first reflective structure 112 is in contact with the medium 111 or not.
  • medium 111 may include a transparent substrate.
  • the refractive index of the transparent substrate is greater than 1.
  • non-total reflection of light may propagate in the transparent substrate, but not limited thereto.
  • part of the light rays propagating in the transparent substrate may propagate along the X direction shown in FIG. 1A .
  • the light propagating in the medium may be propagated by total reflection or non-total reflection, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • non-total reflection propagation here refers to the propagation of light (such as light with a small divergence angle) in the medium in a way other than total reflection, for example, light can propagate in the medium without reflection (such as between the medium and There is no reflection on the interface between the air); or, light (such as light with a large divergence angle) can also be reflected and propagated in a non-total reflection manner, for example, it may not satisfy the total reflection condition, such as medium and air (or When reflection occurs on the interface between other media), the reflection angle is less than the critical angle of total reflection, and it can be considered that the light does not or rarely propagates through total reflection in the light-guiding medium.
  • the main direction of the light incident to the light guide medium or the main optical axis propagation direction of the light incident to the light guide medium is a direction parallel to a straight line, for example, it can be parallel to the X direction, and some light rays continue to propagate after specular reflection .
  • "Parallel" in the embodiments of the present disclosure includes completely parallel and approximately parallel, completely parallel means that the angle between any two is 0°, approximately parallel means that the angle between any two is not greater than 20°, for example, not greater than 10 °, for example not greater than 5°.
  • the reflective surface of the first reflective structure 112 may be in contact with the surface of the medium 111 .
  • the first reflective structure 112 may be a reflective film plated or pasted on the surface of the medium 111.
  • the shape of the transparent substrate can be a three-dimensional structure, such as one of a cuboid (such as a cube) or a parallelepiped; the first reflective structure 112 can be arranged on at least two surfaces of the three-dimensional structure, such as the at least two surfaces Including two surfaces facing each other, for example, two surfaces facing each other in the Y direction shown in FIG. 1A .
  • the optical path of the light propagating in the medium can be increased, which is beneficial to further improve the homogenization effect of the light.
  • FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a light guide device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the difference between the light guide device shown in FIG. 1B and the light guide device shown in FIG. 1A is that the medium 111 in the light guide device shown in FIG. 1B includes air.
  • the first reflective structure 112 includes at least two sub-reflective surfaces 1120, and a cavity 1121 is included between the at least two sub-reflective surfaces 1120.
  • the air in the cavity 1121 can be used as a medium for propagating light.
  • the cavity 1121 forms a space for light to pass through.
  • the medium of the first light guide element includes air, and the first reflective structure of the first light guide element reflects light in a non-total reflection manner, and the light guide device is opposite to the propagating light While playing a uniform light effect, it is also beneficial to reduce its weight and improve its practicality.
  • the first reflective structure includes two sub-reflective surfaces satisfying that: the two sub-reflective surfaces are separate reflective surfaces or parts extending in different directions on the same reflective surface.
  • the first reflective structure 110 includes two sub-reflective surfaces 1120 opposite to each other.
  • the two sub-reflective surfaces 1120 may be opposite to each other in the Y direction shown in FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B , They may face each other in a direction perpendicular to the XY plane, or may face each other in another direction perpendicular to the X direction.
  • the above two sub-reflective surfaces 1120 facing each other may be two sub-reflective surfaces that are independent of each other with a gap in the middle, or two sub-reflective surfaces that are connected by a connecting portion located outside the medium. This is not limited.
  • two sub-reflecting surfaces 1120 opposite to each other are arranged in parallel.
  • first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120 extends along a first direction (such as the X direction shown in the figure), for example, the first light guide element 110 Both the second light guiding element 120 and the second light guiding element 120 extend along the first direction.
  • first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120 can both be plate-shaped structures, which extend along at least two directions, and the two extension directions can be the X direction in the figure and the direction perpendicular to the XY plane .
  • extending at least one of the first light guiding element 110 and the second light guiding element 120 along the first direction may refer to the extending direction of the long side of the first light guiding element (and/or the second light guiding element).
  • the above "direction perpendicular to the XY plane" may refer to the direction of the broadside of the first light guide element (and/or the second light guide element), and the long side and the broadside may form a rectangle, such as the first light guide element And/or the second light guide element includes a plate-like structure with a certain thickness in the Y direction as shown in the figure and a rectangular shape on the plane perpendicular to the XY plane.
  • the first light guiding element 110 and the second light guiding element 120 overlap along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure schematically shows that the second direction is the Y direction shown in the figure.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the second direction being the Y direction shown in FIG. 1A , and may also be a direction perpendicular to the XY plane.
  • the first light guide element and the second light guide element are arranged to be stacked along the Y direction shown in FIG. Reduce the size of the light guide along the X direction shown in FIG. 1A .
  • the first light guiding element 110 and the second light guiding element 120 may be separate structures, that is, the first light guiding element 110 and the second light guiding element 120 are not integrally formed.
  • an air gap may be provided between the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120 , or an adhesive layer may be provided to stick them together.
  • the second light guiding element 120 includes a first sub-portion 121 that does not overlap the first light guiding element 110 in the second direction.
  • FIG. 1B schematically shows that the length of the first light guide element 110 in the first direction is smaller than the length of the second light guide element 120 in the first direction, so that the second light guide element 120 includes The first sub-section 121 that does not overlap with the first light guide element 110, but not limited thereto, the length of the first light guide element may be the same as the length of the second light guide element, or the length of the first light guide element may be greater than the length of the second light guide element.
  • the light source device shown in FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B when the light guide device shown in FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B is applied to a light source device, the light source device includes a light guide device and a light source part (the light source part 500 shown in FIG. 18 ), and the light source part can be along with the first light guide element.
  • the light source part Arranged in the first direction, and in the Y direction, the light source part overlaps with the first subsection 121 of the second light guide element 120, for example, the first subsection 121 and the first light guide element 110 define an edge of an accommodation space,
  • the light source part can be arranged in the accommodation space, so that part of the space not provided with the first light guide element 110 can be used to reduce the size of the light source device, which is beneficial to the application of products.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a light guide device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the difference between the light guiding device shown in FIG. 2 and the light guiding device shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B is that the two sub-reflecting surfaces 1120 facing each other in the first reflecting structure 110 shown in FIG. 2 are not parallel, as shown in FIG. 2
  • Other structures in the light guide device except for the first reflective structure 110 may have the same features as the corresponding structures in any example of the light guide device shown in FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B , which will not be repeated here.
  • the divergence angle of the light incident into the first light guide element 110 is ⁇ .
  • the divergence angle is currently a more general standard for measuring the light beam angle.
  • ⁇ /2 is the angle between the luminous direction and the optical axis when the luminous intensity value is half of the axial intensity value; or, ⁇ /2 can also be the luminous The angle between the light emitting direction and the optical axis when the intensity value is 60% or 80% of the radial intensity value.
  • the divergence angle of the light incident into the first light guide element 110 may be 40°.
  • the divergence angle of the light incident into the first light guide element 110 may be 20°.
  • the divergence angle of the light incident into the first light guide element 110 may be 10°.
  • the above-mentioned divergence angle ⁇ of the light incident into the first light guide element 110 is greater than 0°.
  • the angle between the two sub-reflecting surfaces 1120 opposite to each other is greater than 0° and less than or equal to ⁇ .
  • the angle between the two sub-reflecting surfaces 1120 opposite to each other is less than or equal to 40°.
  • the angle between the two sub-reflecting surfaces 1120 opposite to each other is less than or equal to 30°.
  • the angle between the two sub-reflecting surfaces 1120 opposite to each other is less than or equal to 20°.
  • the angle between the two sub-reflecting surfaces 1120 opposite to each other is less than or equal to 10°.
  • the included angle between the two sub-reflecting surfaces 1120 opposite to each other on at least one of the light incident side, the light exit side and the side between the light incident side and the light exit side of the first reflective structure 112 is greater than 0° And less than or equal to ⁇ .
  • the first light guide element 110 includes a light incident side and a light exit side. From the light incident side toward the light exit side, the distance between the two opposing sub-reflective surfaces 1120 increases gradually.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto, and the distance between the two sub-reflecting surfaces opposite to each other may gradually decrease from the light incident side of the first light guide element toward the light exit side.
  • the angle between the two sub-reflective surfaces 1120 opposite to each other on the side of the first reflective structure 112 is greater than 0° and less than or equal to ⁇ .
  • it may be opposite sides perpendicular to the XY plane.
  • the second light guide element 120 includes a surface extending along the first direction, and one of the two sub-reflective surfaces 1120 opposite to each other of the first reflective structure 112 may be parallel to the surface of the second light guide element 120 .
  • one of the two sub-reflective surfaces 1120 opposite to each other that is close to the second light guide element 120 may be parallel to the surface of the second light guide element 120 .
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto, and the two sub-reflection surfaces opposite to each other may not be parallel to the surface of the second light guide element.
  • the two sub-reflecting surfaces facing each other are set to be non-parallel, and the angle between them is less than or equal to ⁇ , which is beneficial to reduce the distance between at least a part of the two sub-reflecting surfaces, and can reduce the Thinning the thickness of the first reflective structure is beneficial to increase the number of reflections of light in the first reflective structure and improve the uniform light effect of the first light guide element.
  • the number of reflections of light in the first reflective structure can also be increased, which is beneficial to improving the homogenization effect of light at large angles.
  • the first light guide element 110 further includes a reflective structure 113 (hereinafter referred to as a third reflective structure 113 ), configured to reflect light propagating in the first light guide element 110 into The second light guiding element 120 .
  • the third reflective structure 113 is located on the light exit side of the medium 111 and the first reflective structure 112 to reflect the light emitted from the medium 111 and the first reflective structure 112 into the second light guide element 120 .
  • the third reflective structure 113 may be attached to the medium 111 or integrally formed with the medium 111 .
  • both can be integrally formed.
  • the third reflective structure 113 may include a reflective surface, which may be an element with relatively high reflectivity, and reflect the light transmitted from the medium 111 and the first reflective structure 112 to the second light guide element 120 through specular reflection.
  • the reflective surface may be a metal reflective surface, such as a reflective surface plated with aluminum, silver or copper.
  • the third reflective structure 113 may include a prism, and the light propagated from the medium 111 and the first reflective structure 112 may be totally reflected on the surface of the prism and directed to the second light guide element 120 .
  • the prism may be a triangular prism.
  • the prism when the light passes through the prism, it will be refracted at the interface between the prism and air or other media (such as the second light guide element or optical glue, etc.), and the refracted light will be deflected towards the central area of the light guide device, which is beneficial to improve Light utilization.
  • FIG. 3A is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a light guide device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the light guiding device further includes a light conversion part 200
  • the light conversion part 200 includes a polarization splitting element 210 and a polarization conversion structure 220 .
  • the polarization beam splitting element 210 is configured to split the light incident on the polarization beam splitting element 210 into first polarized light and second polarized light.
  • the light directed toward the polarization splitting element 210 includes light with different polarization states, such as natural light, which can be considered as the sum of many light waves with all possible vibration directions.
  • the polarization beam splitting element 210 may have the property of transmitting light of one polarization state and reflecting light of another polarization state, and the polarization beam splitting element 210 may realize beam splitting by utilizing the above-mentioned transflective property.
  • Other structures in the light guide device provided in this example, except the light converting portion 200 may have the same features as the corresponding structures in any example shown in FIG. 1A to FIG. 2 , which will not be repeated here.
  • the polarization beam splitting element 210 may be a polarization beam splitter prism (PBS, Polarization Beam Splitter).
  • the polarization splitting element 210 may include a transflective film having the above-mentioned transflective properties, and achieve beam splitting by transmitting part of light and reflecting another part of light.
  • the transmittance of the transflective film to one of the first polarized light and the second polarized light in the light emitted by the light source part (the light source part 500 shown in FIG. 18 ) is greater than its transmittance to the other, and the light source The reflectance of one of the first polarized light and the second polarized light in the light emitted from the part is greater than the reflectance of the other.
  • the transmittance of the polarization beam splitting element for the first polarized light is greater than the transmittance of the second polarized light
  • the reflectance of the polarization beam splitting element for the second polarized light is greater than the reflectance of the first polarized light.
  • the first polarized light and the second polarized light are interchangeable.
  • the transmittance of the polarization splitting element 210 to the first polarized light is about 20%-95%, for example, the transmittance may be 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% or 95%.
  • the reflectivity of the polarization splitting element 210 for the second polarized light is about 20%-95%, for example, the reflectivity may be 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% or 95%.
  • the first polarized light and the second polarized light may both be linearly polarized light, and the polarization directions of the first polarized light and the second polarized light are different, for example, the polarization directions of the first polarized light and the second polarized light are perpendicular.
  • first polarized light and the second polarized light may both be circularly polarized or elliptically polarized, and the first polarized light and the second polarized light have different rotations.
  • the transmitted light includes P-polarized light
  • the reflected light includes S-polarized light
  • the transmitted light includes S-polarized light
  • the reflected light includes P-polarized light.
  • one of the first polarized light and the second polarized light is S polarized light
  • the other of the first polarized light and the second polarized light is P polarized light.
  • the transflective film included in the polarizing beam splitting element 210 may be an optical film with a polarized transflective function, such as an optical film that can split unpolarized light into two mutually orthogonal polarized lights through transmission and reflection, such as The beam can be split into two linearly polarized lights whose polarization directions are perpendicular to each other; the above-mentioned optical film can be composed of multiple layers with different refractive indices according to a certain stacking sequence, and the thickness of each layer is about 10-1000nm.
  • the material of the film layer can be selected from inorganic dielectric materials, such as metal oxides, inorganic fluorides, metal oxynitrides and metal nitrides; polymer materials can also be selected, such as polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene.
  • inorganic dielectric materials such as metal oxides, inorganic fluorides, metal oxynitrides and metal nitrides
  • polymer materials can also be selected, such as polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene.
  • the polarization conversion structure 220 is configured to convert the second polarized light obtained by the polarization splitting element 210 into a third polarized light, and the third polarized light has the same polarization state as the first polarized light.
  • the third polarized light may be linearly polarized light, and the polarization direction of the third polarized light is the same as that of the first polarized light.
  • the third polarized light may be circularly polarized light or elliptically polarized light, and the sense of rotation of the third polarized light is the same as that of the first polarized light.
  • the third polarized light has the same polarization state as the first polarized light may mean that the two are basically the same without considering factors such as the conversion efficiency of the polarization conversion structure, for example, both are linearly polarized lights with the same polarization direction , or circularly or elliptically polarized light with the same hand direction.
  • Fig. 3A schematically shows that the polarization conversion structure 220 can be located on the side of the light transmitted by the polarization beam splitting element 210 (for example, the polarization conversion structure 220 is located on the optical path of the light transmitted by the polarization beam splitting element 210), at this time, the polarization beam splitting element 210 transmits
  • the light of the polarization beam splitting element 210 includes the second polarized light, and the light reflected by the polarization beam splitting element 210 includes the first polarized light; 210 on the optical path of the reflected light), at this time, the light transmitted by the polarization beam splitting element includes the first polarized light, and the light reflected by the polarization beam splitting element includes the second polarized light.
  • the second polarized light can be converted into the third polarized light only once through the polarization conversion structure 220 , for example, the polarization conversion structure 220 can be a 1/2 wave plate.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
  • the second polarized light may also be converted into the third polarized light after passing through the polarization conversion structure 220 at least twice.
  • the polarization conversion structure 220 may be a 1/4 wave plate.
  • the light conversion part 200 further includes a second reflective structure 230 configured to reflect at least one of the first polarized light, the second polarized light and the third polarized light.
  • the light reflected by the polarization splitting element 210 includes the first polarized light
  • the second reflective structure 230 is located on one side of the light reflected by the polarization splitting element 210, and is configured to reflect the first polarized light; for example, the light reflected by the polarization splitting element 210 Including the second polarized light, the second reflective structure 230 is located on the light-reflecting side of the polarization splitting element 210, and is located on the light-incident side of the polarization conversion structure 220, the second reflective structure 230 is configured to reflect the second polarized light, and the reflected The second polarized light is converted into the third polarized light by the polarization conversion structure 220; third polarized light.
  • the reflectivity of the polarization splitting element 210 to the second polarized light is greater than the reflectivity to the first polarized light, and there may be a small amount of the first polarized light incident on the second reflective structure 230 while the second polarized light is incident on the second polarized light.
  • the reflective structure 230 at this time, the second reflective structure 230 may reflect the second polarized light and a small amount of the first polarized light.
  • the second reflective structure may reflect the third polarized light and a small amount of the first polarized light.
  • the second reflective structure 230 may include a reflective surface, which may be a reflective material with a relatively high reflectivity (for example, a reflectivity greater than 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% or 95%).
  • the element reflects at least one of the first polarized light, the second polarized light and the third polarized light into the medium 111 through specular reflection.
  • the reflective surface may be a metal reflective surface, such as an aluminum-plated, silver-plated or copper-plated reflective surface; or, the reflective surface may also be a pasted reflective film, such as the ESR reflective film mentioned above.
  • the second reflective structure 230 may include a prism, and the light incident on the second reflective structure 230 may be totally reflected on the surface of the prism and then directed to the medium 111 .
  • the prism may be a triangular prism structure.
  • the second light guiding element 120 is configured to transmit the first polarized light and the third polarized light.
  • the light conversion part 200 is located on the light incident side of the first light guide element 110, and the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120 are configured to transmit the first polarized light and the third polarized light .
  • the medium 111 is air, and at least part of the light converting portion 200 is located in the cavity 1121 of the first light guiding element 110 .
  • the light guide device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, by arranging at least part of the light conversion part in the cavity of the first light guide element, it is beneficial to reduce the volume of the light guide device and allow as much light as possible to enter The cavity of the first light guide element improves the utilization rate of light.
  • FIG. 3B is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a light guide device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the medium 111 includes a transparent substrate.
  • a transparent substrate 111 is arranged between at least two sub-reflecting surfaces 1120 (for the convenience of drawing, the refraction process of light entering the transparent substrate 111 is not drawn in Figure 3B), and the light conversion part 200 is located in the first light guide element 110 , for example, on the light incident side of the first light guide element 110 .
  • other structures except the medium 111 may have the same characteristics as the corresponding structure shown in FIG. 3A , which will not be repeated here.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a light guide device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the difference between the light guide device shown in FIG. 4 and the light guide device shown in FIG. 3A is that the light conversion part 200 is located on the light exit side of the first light guide element 110.
  • the light conversion part 200 can replace the third reflective structure shown in FIG. 3A 113 , the light conversion unit 200 can reflect the light emitted by the medium 111 and the first reflective structure 112 to the second light guide element 120 while performing polarization splitting, which is beneficial to reduce the volume of the light guide device.
  • the medium 111 may be air or a transparent substrate, which is not limited in this example.
  • disposing the light conversion part 200 outside the cavity of the first light guide element 110 can reduce the distance between the two sub-reflective films 1120 facing each other, that is, reduce the thickness of the cavity. , which is beneficial to the lightness and thinning of the light guide device.
  • the light transmitted by the polarization splitting element 210 includes the first polarized light
  • the second reflective structure 230 is located on the side of the light transmitted by the polarization splitting element 210, and is configured to reflect the first polarized light
  • the light transmitted by the light splitting element 210 includes the second polarized light
  • the second reflective structure 230 is located on the side of the light transmitted by the polarized light splitting element 210, and is located on the light incident side of the polarization conversion structure
  • the second reflective structure 230 is configured to reflect the second polarized light light, the reflected second polarized light is converted into the third polarized light through the polarization conversion structure; configured to reflect light of a third polarization.
  • Figure 4 does not show the above-mentioned polarization conversion structure, for example, the light reflected by the polarization beam splitting element includes the second polarized light, and the polarization conversion structure may be located on the reflected light side of the polarization beam splitting element to convert the second polarized light into the third polarized light After that, it is directed to the second light guide element; for example, the light transmitted by the polarization beam splitting element includes the second polarized light, and the polarization conversion structure can be located between the polarization beam splitting element and the second reflection structure, or between the second reflection structure and the second reflection structure. Between the light guide elements to convert the second polarized light into the third polarized light.
  • the second reflective structure 230 can be a prism, and the light incident on at least one surface (such as an inner surface) of the prism is totally reflected and then directed to the second light guide element 120, and the prism is intercepted by the XY plane shown in FIG. 4
  • the shape of the cross-section can be a triangle, and the cross-section of the above-mentioned total reflection surface cut by the XY plane can be the hypotenuse of the triangle, and the triangle also includes two straight sides connected with the hypotenuse, for example, the two straight sides can form a right angle , the two surfaces where the two straight sides are located can totally reflect the light with a large divergence angle to the hypotenuse, and further reflect it out, increasing the light utilization rate.
  • the first reflective structure 110 in the light guide device in the example shown in FIG. 4 may be the first reflective structure shown in FIG. 1A or the first reflective structure shown in FIG. 2 . No limit.
  • the two sub-reflective surfaces 1120 opposite to each other included in the first reflective structure 110 are set as the non-parallel first reflective structure 110 shown in FIG.
  • the light incident side or the light exit side of the light guide element 110 is not located in the cavity of the first light guide element 110 , which is beneficial to reduce the thickness of the cavity.
  • the two sub-reflective surfaces 1120 opposite to each other included in the first reflective structure 110 are set as the non-parallel first reflective structure 110 shown in FIG.
  • the light exit side of the light guide element 110 can ensure that the light incident into the first light guide element 110 has a certain divergence angle (for example, the divergence angle can be within 40°) and uniformly propagates in the first reflection structure 112. The collimation of the light incident on the light conversion part 200 is improved.
  • the light conversion part 200 shown in FIG. 4 is not limited to be disposed on the light exit side of the first light guide element 110, and the light conversion part 200 may also be disposed on the light incident side of the first light guide element 110, as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B As shown, at this time, the third reflective structure 113 is still provided in the first light guide element 110 to reflect the light emitted from the medium 111 and the first reflective structure 112 to the third reflective structure 113 to the second light guide element 120 .
  • At least one light source such as a plurality of light sources, can be arranged on the light incident side of the light guide device shown in FIGS.
  • the structure 112 has two sub-reflective surfaces 1120 disposed opposite to each other in the Y direction.
  • multiple light sources may be provided on the light incident side of the light guide device, and some of the light sources may share the two sub-reflective surfaces 1120 opposite to each other in the Y direction of the first reflective structure 112 .
  • the first reflective structure 112 may include a circle of reflective surfaces surrounding the medium, for example, include two pairs of sub-reflective surfaces facing each other, and different light sources may be directed to different sub-reflective surfaces.
  • FIG. 5 is a light guide device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the light guiding device further includes: a light-adjusting structure 18 configured such that at least the transmittance of light of the first wavelength in the light incident on the light-adjusting structure 18 is different from the transmittance of light of the second wavelength. Transmittance, and/or, at least the reflectance or absorptivity of the first wavelength light of the light entering the light-modulating structure 18 is different from the reflectance or absorptivity of the second wavelength light.
  • the light-adjusting structure 18 is located on the light-emitting side or the light-incoming side of the polarization conversion structure 220 .
  • the light-adjusting structure 18 is located between the light-emitting side of the polarization conversion structure 220 and the second light-guiding element 120 .
  • the polarization conversion structure 220 may be located between the polarization splitting element 210 and the second reflection structure 230, and the light-adjusting structure 18 may be located between the polarization conversion structure 220 and the second reflection structure 230, or may be located at the second reflection structure 230.
  • the light-adjusting structure 18 is located at the light-emitting side of the polarization conversion structure 220 at this time.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto, and the light-adjusting structure 18 may also be located between the polarization conversion structure 220 and the polarization splitting element 210 , for example, the light-adjustment structure 18 is located on the light-incident side of the polarization conversion structure.
  • the polarization conversion structure 220 may also be located between the second reflective structure 230 and the second light guide element 120, and the dimming structure 18 may be located between the polarization conversion structure 220 and the second light guide element 120. between, or between the polarization conversion structure 220 and the second reflective structure 230 .
  • the polarization conversion structure 220 can also be located between the polarization beam splitting element 210 and the second light guide element 120, and accordingly the light adjusting structure 18 can be located between the polarization conversion structure 220 and the polarization beam splitting element 210, or between the polarization conversion structure 220 and the second light guide element 120. between the second light guide elements 120 .
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and the light-adjusting structure 18 may also be located on the light-incident side of the light conversion part 200 or the light-outside of the light conversion part 200 .
  • one of the first wavelength light and the second wavelength light may be blue light, and the other may be red light and/or green light.
  • one of the first wavelength light and the second wavelength light may be blue light and/or green light, and the other may be red light.
  • one of the first wavelength light and the second wavelength light may be blue light, and the other may be light of a wavelength band longer than blue light (for example, a visible light band greater than 480 nm); or, the second One of the first wavelength light and the second wavelength light may be light with a wavelength shorter than green light, and the other may be light with green light or a wavelength longer than green light (for example, visible light longer than 500nm).
  • the polarization conversion structure 220 may be a 1/4 wave plate or a 1/2 wave plate.
  • a wave plate generally has a higher conversion efficiency for a certain wavelength or a certain band of light, and a relatively low conversion efficiency for other wavelengths/bands of light; for example, in the visible light band, the conversion efficiency of a wave plate for different colors of light
  • Different, for example, wave plates generally have higher conversion efficiency for green light between 500-600nm, so after blue light (400-480nm), green light and red light (600-780nm) pass through the wave plate, the conversion efficiency of each color light or conversion degree) inconsistent, for example, green light can be completely converted into the required polarization state after passing through the wave plate, red light and blue light may be partially unconverted or partially converted into the required polarization state, such as elliptical polarization state, circular polarization state and other polarization states .
  • the above-mentioned part of the color light passing through the wave plate may be completely converted into the required polarization state, while part of the color light may not be completely converted into the required polarization state, which may easily cause the light emitted by the subsequent light guide device to pass through the display panel (described later) Color shift occurs after the liquid crystal layer and color filter (color filter) and other structures.
  • the light-adjusting structure 18 is configured to have a higher transmittance to blue light than to green light and/or red light.
  • the light-adjusting structure 18 is configured such that the transmittance of blue light is higher than the transmittance of yellow light.
  • the light-adjusting structure 18 may be an optical film having the above functions, such as a color filter; for example, the light-adjusting structure 18 may be a multilayer film formed by stacking polymer films or inorganic dielectrics.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure can reduce the degree of color shift of the light emitted from the light conversion part to the second light guide element by providing a light-adjusting structure located on the light-emitting side or the light-incoming side of the polarization conversion structure in the light guide device, and further The degree of color shift of light incident on the liquid crystal display panel is reduced, so that there is almost no color shift or little color shift when the liquid crystal display panel is displayed.
  • dimming structure in the example shown in FIG. 5 may have the same features as the corresponding structures shown in any of the examples shown in FIG. 1A to FIG. 4 , which will not be repeated here.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a light guide device provided according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the example shown in FIG. 6 is different from the example shown in FIG. 4 in that the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120 are arranged along the extending direction of the second light guide element 120 .
  • the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120 are arranged along the X direction.
  • the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120 are arranged in sequence along one direction, the light emitted from the first reflective structure 112 and the medium 111 may not pass through the third light guide shown in FIG. 3B.
  • the reflection of the reflective structure 113 is incident to the second light guide element 120 .
  • the light conversion part 200 may be disposed between the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120, and a polarized light transmitted by the polarization splitting element 210 is directed to the second light guide element 120, Another polarized light reflected by the polarization splitting element 210 is reflected toward the second light guiding element 120 by the second reflective structure 230 .
  • the first light guide element 110 in at least one example of the present disclosure may have the same features as the first light guide element 110 shown in FIG. 4 , which will not be repeated here.
  • the light conversion unit 200 may have the same features as those shown in any of the examples in FIG. 3A to FIG. 4 , which will not be repeated here.
  • the dimming structure 18 shown in FIG. 5 may be set.
  • the arrangement of the first light guide element and the second light guide element side by side can make the light guide device have a smaller thickness and realize thinning of the light guide device.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a light guide device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the light guiding device further includes a light-gathering element 19 disposed on the light-incident side of the second light-guiding element 120 , and the light-gathering element 19 is configured to gather the incident light toward a predetermined direction and enter it into the The second light guiding element 120 .
  • FIG. 7 schematically shows that when the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120 are overlapped (arranged along the Y direction shown in the figure), the light gathering element 19 is arranged on the first light guide element 110. and the second light guide element 120 .
  • the light-gathering element 19 may be located between the first light-guiding element and the second light-guiding element, or may not be located between them. Between, the position of the light gathering element can be set according to the specific product structure.
  • the light condensing element 19 may include at least one lens, and the at least one lens may condense the light emitted by the first light guide element 110, thereby improving the utilization rate of the light.
  • at least one lens may include a convex lens.
  • the light collecting element 19 may also include a prism or a curved mirror.
  • the light-gathering element 19 is configured to deflect the light that passes through the light-gathering element and is incident into the second light-guiding element 120 and propagates close to the light-emitting surface of the second light-guiding element 120 in a direction away from its light-emitting surface.
  • the light passing through the light collecting element 19 is incident on the second light guiding element 120 , wherein the light propagating away from the first light guiding element 110 deviates to a side close to the first light guiding element 110 .
  • the light-gathering element 19 may comprise a decentered lens.
  • the decentered lens may consider that its optical axis does not coincide with the lens geometric axis (for example, there is a certain distance), such as the decentered lens shown in FIG. Upper left.
  • the decentered lens can adjust the light that is close to the light incident side of the first light guide element 110 from the light exit surface of the first light guide element 110 to the second light guide element 120 (for example, it is on the left side of the decentered lens 400 in FIG. 7 ).
  • the light rays) can be shifted toward the direction close to the light-incident side thereof, and the light rays that are far away from the light-incident side of the first light guide element 110 among the light rays emitted from the light-emitting surface of the first light-guiding element 110 to the second light-guiding element 120 (
  • the offset to the side close to the first light guide element 110 is beneficial to improve the utilization rate of light.
  • FIG. 7 schematically shows that the first light guide element and the second light guide element are arranged along the Y direction, and the light gathering element is located between the first light guide element and the second light guide element, but it is not limited thereto.
  • the first light guide element and the second light guide element may also be arranged along the X direction shown in FIG. 7 , and the light gathering element may or may not be located between the first light guide elements.
  • a reflection part is also provided between the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120, and the reflection part can reflect the leaked light (such as light with a larger angle) when propagating in the second light guide element 120 and reflect it back to the second light guide element.
  • 120 and/or liquid crystal display panel which can further improve the utilization rate of light.
  • the reflective surface 1120 may also have a similar effect.
  • FIG. 8A and FIG. 8B are partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagrams of light guide devices provided according to two examples of embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the second light guide element 120 extends along a first direction (the X direction shown in the figure), and along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, the first light guide element 110 Overlapping with the second light guide element 120, and the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120 are integrally formed; for example, the medium 111 of the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120 are integrally formed; for example, The media of the two can be integrally formed.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure schematically shows that the second direction is the Y direction shown in the figure.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the second direction being the Y direction shown in FIG. 8A and FIG. 8B , and may also be a direction perpendicular to the XY plane.
  • the first light guiding element 110 extends along the first direction, and the length of the first light guiding element 110 is smaller than the length of the second light guiding element 120, so that the second light guiding element 120 is included in the second light guiding element 120.
  • the first sub-section 121 that does not overlap with the first light guide element 110 in a direction.
  • the light source device includes a light guide device and a light source part (the light source part shown in FIG. 18 ), and the light source part can be arranged along the first direction with the first light guide element.
  • the light source part overlaps with the first sub-section 121 of the second light guide element 120, so that part of the space where the first light guide element 110 is not provided can be used to reduce the overall weight of the light source device mentioned later. size, which is conducive to the application of the product.
  • the first light guiding element 110 includes a second sub-portion 122 that does not overlap the second light guiding element 120 in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the second light guiding element 120 .
  • FIG. 8B schematically shows that the length of the second light guide element 120 is shorter than the length of the first light guide element 110, so that the first light guide element 110 includes a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the second light guide element 120.
  • the length of the first light guide element may also be less than or equal to the length of the second light guide element.
  • the light source device when the light guide device shown in FIG. 8B is applied to a light source device, the light source device includes a light guide device and a light source part (light source part 500 shown in FIG. 18 ), and the light source part can be aligned with the second light guide element along the first direction. arranged, and in the Y direction, the light source portion overlaps with the second sub-portion 122 of the first light guide element 110 .
  • the second light guide element 120 and the second sub-part 122 define the edge of an accommodating space, and the light source part can be located in the accommodating space, so that part of the space not provided with the second light guide element 120 can be used to reduce the size of the device. size, which is conducive to the application of the product.
  • the first light guide element 110 further includes first reflective structures 112 disposed on at least two sides of the medium 111 .
  • the medium 111 in this example may be a transparent substrate in the examples shown in FIGS. 1A to 7 , and the first reflective structure 112 in this example may have the same structure characteristics, which will not be repeated here.
  • FIG. 8C is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a light guide device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the difference from the example shown in FIG. 3B is that the medium 111 of the first light guiding element 110 does not overlap with the second light guiding element 120 in the Y direction.
  • the third reflective structure 113 of the first light guide element 110 overlaps with the second light guide element 120 in the Y direction.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a light guide device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 9 , both the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120 extend along the first direction, and the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120 are arranged along the first direction.
  • the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120 may be separate structures. But not limited thereto, the first light guide element and the second light guide element can also be integrally formed.
  • the first light guide element in this example can have the same features as the first light guide element shown in FIGS. 1A to 7
  • the second light guide element in this example can be the same as the second light guide element shown in FIGS.
  • the light guide element has the same features, which will not be repeated here.
  • FIG. 10A is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a light guide device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the light guide structure 100 further includes a third light guide element 130, the light outcoupling part 101 includes a first light outcoupler 1011 and a second light outcoupler 1012, and the second light guide element 120 includes a first light outcoupler 101
  • the light coupling part 1011, the third light guiding element 130 includes the second light coupling part 1012, in the direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the second light guiding element 120, the second light coupling part 1012 is connected with the first light guiding element 110 overlap, and at least part of the first light outcoupling portion 1011 does not overlap with the second light outcoupling portion 1012 .
  • the light propagating in the medium 111 and reflected by the first reflective structure 112 is incident on the first optical coupling part 1011 and coupled out from the first optical coupling part 1011, for example, without passing through
  • the first light out-coupling unit 1011 is processed to be incident on the second light out-coupling unit 1012 .
  • the light outcoupled from the first light outcoupling part 1011 will pass through the third light guide element 130 (the part of the light outcoupled from the first light outcoupler 1011 through the third light guide element 130 After being a transparent material), it emits from the light guide structure 100.
  • the light coupled out from the first light coupling part 1011 will exit from the light guide structure 100 after passing through the part of the structure of the third light guide element 130 that is not provided with the second light coupling part 1012, but it is not limited thereto.
  • the light coupled out by an optical coupling part 1011 may also pass through the second optical coupling part 1012 of the third light guiding element 130 and exit from the light guiding structure 100 .
  • the first light out-coupling portion 1011 and the second light out-coupling portion 1012 at least contact or partially overlap.
  • the light guide structure 100 can be provided with light sources on both sides of the X direction, and the light emitted from the light source provided on one side is incident from the side of the first light guide element 110 away from the second light guide element 120. to the light guiding structure 100, and is coupled out by the first light coupling part 1011; the light emitted by the light source arranged on the other side only propagates in the third light guiding element 130, and is coupled out by the second light coupling part 1012 .
  • the light emitted by the light sources on both sides will be gradually homogenized when propagating in the corresponding light guide structure before exiting through the output part of the optocoupler, which improves the uniformity of the light.
  • the light sources are arranged on both sides of the light guide structure, which is beneficial to heat dissipation.
  • the first light guide element and the second light guide element in this example may respectively have the same features as those shown in FIGS. 1A to 7 , which will not be repeated here.
  • the light guiding structure includes a plurality of light outcoupling portions.
  • each optical outcoupling part may include a plurality of optical outcoupling elements.
  • all the optocouplers included in the optocoupler are transflective elements, or some of the optocouplers included in the optocoupler are transflective elements, and some are reflective elements, or a part of the optocoupler included
  • the light outcoupling element is a transflective element, and part of it is a transmissive element, or the light outcoupling element included in the light outcoupling part is another type of light outcoupling element.
  • a transflective element may be used as an example for description.
  • the optical outcoupling element with a reflectivity of 0 or 1 may also be referred to as a transflective element.
  • each of the light outcoupling elements included in the light outcoupling part may be inclined or non-inclined in the same direction relative to the arrangement direction of the light outcoupling elements.
  • the light outcoupling part includes an array of transflective elements, and at least some of the transflective elements in the array of transflective elements are configured to partially reflect and partially transmit light propagating to the transflective element, A part of the light is coupled out of the second light guide element and another part continues to propagate in the second light guide element.
  • the aforementioned transreflective element may refer to the first transreflective element described below, and the following first transreflective element has the same features and implementations as the aforementioned transreflective element.
  • the light outcoupling unit 101 includes a first transflective element array 0100, the first transflective element array 0100 includes a plurality of first transflective elements 0110, and the first transflective elements 0110 are configured to transmit to the first transflective element A part of the light of 0110 exits the light guide device through one of reflection and transmission, and another part of the light transmitted to the first transflective element 0110 continues to propagate in the light guide device through the other of reflection and transmission.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure schematically shows that at least some of the first transflective elements 0110 in the transflective element array 0100 are configured to reflect a part of light propagating to the first transflective elements 0110 out of the second light guide element 120 , and Another part of the light is transmitted so that the part of the light continues to propagate in the second light guide element 120 .
  • the first transflective element may include a dot structure arranged on the surface of the second light guide element, and a part of the light may be absorbed by the dot structure by destroying the reflection angle of the light propagating through total reflection in the light guide structure. Transmitting out of the light guide structure, part of the light can be reflected by the dot structure to continue to propagate in the light guide structure.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto, and the light outcoupling part may further include a grating configured to emit a part of the light propagating to the grating out of the second light guide element.
  • the second light guide element 120 further includes a light guide medium 123, and the light guide medium 123 includes a transparent material.
  • the light guide medium 123 can be made of transparent materials such as resin, glass or plastic.
  • the transparent substrate is configured to transmit the light entering the light guide medium 123 through total reflection and/or non-total reflection transmission; or, the light guide medium 123 includes air.
  • non-total reflection propagation here refers to the propagation of light (such as light with a small divergence angle) in the medium in a way other than total reflection, for example, light can propagate in the medium without reflection (such as between the medium and There is no reflection on the interface between the air); or, light (such as light with a large divergence angle) can also be reflected and propagated in a non-total reflection manner, for example, it may not satisfy the total reflection condition, such as medium and air (or When reflection occurs on the interface between other media), the reflection angle is less than the critical angle of total reflection, and it can be considered that the light does not or rarely propagates through total reflection in the light-guiding medium.
  • the main direction of the light incident to the light guide medium or the main optical axis propagation direction of the light incident to the light guide medium is a direction parallel to a straight line, for example, it can be parallel to the X direction, and some light rays continue to propagate after specular reflection .
  • the "total reflection propagation" here can refer to the reflection angle of light (such as light with a large divergence angle and satisfying the total reflection condition) on the interface between the light guide element and the air (or other medium) when the reflection angle is not less than the total reflection angle. Reflection critical angle. For example, most of the light incident on the light guide element propagates through total reflection. For example, part of the light incident on the light guide element may not be reflected and propagate in the light guide element along a straight line, while another part of the light is totally reflected and continues to propagate.
  • the light guiding medium 123 is made of a material that can realize a waveguide function, and is generally a transparent material with a refractive index greater than 1.
  • the material of the light-guiding medium 123 may include one or more of silicon dioxide, lithium niobate, silicon-on-insulator (SOI, Silicon-on-insulator), polymer, III-V semiconductor compound, and glass.
  • the light guide medium 123 may be a planar substrate, a stripe substrate, a ridge substrate, and the like.
  • the light guide medium adopts a planar substrate to form a uniform surface light source.
  • the first transflective element 0110 may be the surface of the light-guiding medium 123 , or may be a reflective medium disposed on the surface of the light-guiding medium 123 by plating or cladding.
  • the light guide medium 123 may be divided into a plurality of cylinders (such as parallelepipeds) with a parallelogram cross section, and the first transflective element 0110 may be arranged between the joined cylinders.
  • the above cylinder may include two surfaces opposite to each other, one of the two surfaces may be the light incident surface of the cylinder, and the other surface is located at the back side of the light incident surface.
  • the first transflective element may be the surface of the light incident surface of the cylinder, or the surface of the cylinder opposite to the light incident surface.
  • the medium between adjacent first transflective elements 0110 may be the light guiding medium 123 .
  • the light guide medium 123 includes a plurality of waveguide sub-mediums arranged along the first direction and bonded to each other.
  • a reflective medium is interposed between adjacent waveguide sub-mediums.
  • the anti-element is configured to couple the portion of the light out of the optical waveguide element by breaking the total reflection condition of the portion of the light by reflection.
  • FIG. 10B is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a light guide device when the light guide medium is air.
  • the array of transflective elements can be fixed by means of support plates, glue, etc., thereby reducing the weight of the light-guiding device and having strong practicability.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure is described by taking a plurality of first transflective elements 0110 parallel to each other as an example, at this time, the light emitted from the transflective element array is parallel light.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
  • the multiple transflective elements in the transflective element array can also be non-parallel. By adjusting the angle between the multiple transflective elements, the light emitted from the transflective element array can be adjusted to Concentrate or diverge light.
  • FIG. 1A to FIG. 10A schematically show that the propagation mode of the light in the light guide structure provided with the light coupling part is non-total reflection propagation.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the non-total reflection propagation of the light in the light guide structure provided with the optical outcoupling portion.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of total reflection propagation of light in a light guide structure provided with an optical outcoupling portion according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the propagation mode of the light in the light guide structure provided with the optical coupling part can also be total reflection propagation, that is, the light occurs on the interface between the light guide structure and the air (or other medium).
  • the reflection angle during reflection is not less than the critical angle of total reflection.
  • the first transflective elements 0110 are arranged sequentially along the extension direction of the second light guide element 120 (such as arranged in sequence along the X direction), and along the light rays propagating in the second light guide element 120
  • the reflectivity of the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 increases gradually in the propagation direction.
  • the above "propagation direction of light propagating in the second light guide element” may refer to the overall (macroscopic) direction of light propagation, for example, the direction of light propagation in the second light guide element 120 refers to the X direction shown in FIG.
  • the direction of light propagation in the second light guide element 120 refers to the direction opposite to the arrow in the X direction shown in Figure 11, the light entering the second light guide element can be in the second light guide element 120
  • the total reflection propagation as shown in FIG. 11 may be performed in the element, and the non-total reflection propagation as shown in FIG. 1A may also be performed, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • any two transflective elements in the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 have different reflectivity.
  • the number of the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 can be N, and along the propagation direction of the light propagating in the second light guide element 120, the reflectances of the N first transflective elements 0110 are respectively set to 1/ n, 1/n-1, 1/n-2, ..., 1/2, and 1, thus, the light intensity reflected by each first transflective element 0100 is basically equal, and the light guide The light emitted by the structure has better uniformity.
  • the number of the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 can be 8, and along the propagation direction of the light propagating in the second light guide element 120, the reflectances of the eight first transflective elements 0110 are respectively set to 1/ 8, 1/7, 1/6, 1/5, 1/4, 1/3, 1/2, and 1, each first transflective element 0100 is provided with a reflective film with different reflectivity, then the 8th A transflective element 0110 can be provided with 8 kinds of reflective films with different reflectivity.
  • the first transflective element 0110 (for example, it can be considered as the first transflective element receiving the light emitted by the first light guide element 110 ) is located at the outermost edge and close to the light incident side in the transflective element array. element) is configured to reflect at least part of the light propagating from the first light guiding element 110 into the second light guiding element 120, and the reflectivity of the first transflective element 0110 is greater than the transmittance.
  • the reflectivity of the above-mentioned first transflective element 0110 located at the outermost edge may not be less than 90%, such as close to 100%, so as to reflect all the light transmitted from the first light guide element 110 into the second light guide element 120 to the other first transflective element 0110.
  • the above-mentioned first transflective element 0110 at the outermost edge can be set as an element with a certain transmittance, and the transmittance is set so that the intensity of light transmitted through the second light guide element 120 is comparable to that of other subsequent first transflective elements 0110.
  • the intensities of the outcoupled light are close to each other, which is beneficial to increase the light exit area of the second light guide element, and avoid light not coming out of the edge.
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a light guide structure provided with an optical outcoupling portion according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a plurality of first transflective elements 0110 includes M transflective element groups 011, and each transflective element group 011 in at least one transreflective element group 011 includes at least two The reflectivity of the first transreflective element 0110 and the first transreflective element 0110 located in different transflective element groups 011 are different, and M is a positive integer greater than 1.
  • the multiple first transreflective elements 0110 include M transreflective element groups 011, and each transflective element group 011 in at least one transreflective element group 011 includes at least two first transreflective elements 0110 with the same reflectivity,
  • the reflectivity of the first transflective elements 0110 located in different transflective element groups 011 is different, and M is a positive integer greater than 1.
  • the above-mentioned "same reflectance" may include completely the same reflectance and approximately the same reflectance.
  • the same reflectance means that the ratio of the reflectance of any two is 0.8-1.2, or 0.9-1.1, or 0.95-1.05; And/or, it can be considered that both are provided with the same type of transflective film, for example, the material of the transflective film provided by both may be the same.
  • the types of transflective films required for the transflective element array can be reduced, which is beneficial to reduce The cost of the light guide structure.
  • the at least two first transreflective elements 0110 with preset reflectivity may be at least two first transreflective elements 0110 with the same reflectivity.
  • a transreflective element farthest from the light-incident side of the plurality of transreflective elements may have a reflectivity of more than 95%, or a transmittance of less than 5%, for example, the transflective element may only Reflect light.
  • the number of multiple first transreflective elements 0110 can be N, and the types of reflectivity included in N first transflective elements 0110 are less than N types, thereby reducing the number of first transflective element arrays.
  • the type of the required transflective film is beneficial to reduce the cost of the light guide device.
  • a plurality of first transflective elements 0110 are arranged along the propagation direction of light in the light guide device (such as the second light guide element 120), along the arrangement direction of the plurality of first transflective elements 0110,
  • the reflectivity of the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 gradually increases regionally.
  • increasing regionally may refer to: dividing a plurality of first transreflective elements into two or more regions (one region may refer to one group of transflective elements, but it is not limited thereto, and one region may also include Two adjacent or more than two groups of transflective elements), the reflectivity of the transflective elements in the above-mentioned different regions is different and tends to increase gradually as a whole.
  • a region when a region includes a plurality of transreflective elements, and the plurality of transreflective elements in the region are adjacently distributed, it can be considered that there is no arrangement between any two transreflective elements among the plurality of transreflective elements in the region.
  • Transflective elements in other areas For example, when a region includes a plurality of transreflective elements, the reflectivity of these transreflective elements can be the same or different; 1/8, 1/7, 1/6), of course, the reflectivity can also have no specific change rule (for example, the reflectivity can be set to 1/8, 1/7, 1/8), multiple regions as a whole It can be a gradual change trend.
  • the reflectance of the first transflective element 0110 with the highest reflectance among the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 is not less than 90%.
  • the second light guide element 120 includes a light-incident side, and the first transflective element 0110 farthest from the light-incident side may be the first transflective element 0110 with the highest reflectivity, and the transflective surface of the first transflective element 0110
  • the reflectivity of the light incident on it is not less than 92%, or not less than 95%, or not less than 98%, such as the reflectivity of the first transflective element 0110 is close to or almost 100%, that is, the first transflective
  • the reflective element 0110 can reflect almost all light incident on its transflective surface out of the second light guide element.
  • the second light guide element 120 includes a plurality of light exit regions 010, and the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 correspond one-to-one to the plurality of light exit regions 010, and the plurality of light exit regions 010 (for example, each light exit region 010 area) is configured to emit light reflected by the corresponding first transflective element 0110.
  • the above-mentioned light exit area refers to the area on the light exit surface of the light medium, and the light reflected by a first transflective element 0110 passes through the light exit surface of the light guide medium.
  • the emitting area is a light emitting area 010 .
  • the above-mentioned light-emitting surface may be a solid surface, such as a surface of a transparent substrate.
  • the side of the first transflective elements 0110 away from the first light-guiding element 110 is its light-emitting side (take the first light-guiding element shown in FIG.
  • the positional relationship between the element 110 and the second light guide element 120 is taken as an example), and the edge of the first transflective element 0110 away from the first light guide element 110 can be located in the same plane (the plane perpendicular to the Y direction), the above
  • the light exit area 010 may be an area on the plane, and the area where the light reflected by a first transflective element 0110 emerges from the plane is a light exit area 010 .
  • the plane where the light exit area is located may be a non-substantial virtual surface, such as the light exit area shown in FIG. 10B .
  • any two light exit regions 010 do not overlap (for example, touch); or, at least two adjacent light exit regions 010 overlap.
  • any two light exit regions 010 do not overlap.
  • the orthographic projections of at least two adjacent first transflective elements 0110 on a plane perpendicular to the Y direction overlap, then the light exit areas 010 corresponding to the at least two adjacent first transflective elements 0110 overlap.
  • the intensity difference of light emitted from any two light exit areas 010 is not greater than 20% of the intensity of one of the light exit areas.
  • the above "intensity" may refer to brightness, luminous flux, illuminance or light intensity.
  • the intensity difference of the light emitted by any two light exit areas 010 is not greater than 15% of the intensity of one of the light exit areas.
  • the intensity difference of the light emitted by any two light exit areas 010 is not greater than 10% of the intensity of one of the light exit areas.
  • the intensity difference of the light emitted by any two light exit areas 010 is not greater than 5% of the intensity of one of the light exit areas.
  • the brightness difference between any two areas is within 20%.
  • the reflectivity of at least part of the first transflective elements so that the intensity difference of light emitted by any two light exit regions is not greater than 20% of the intensity of one of the light exit regions %, it is beneficial to improve the uniformity of light emitted from the second light guide element.
  • the first transflective elements 0110 in the same transflective element group 011 are adjacently arranged along the propagation direction of the light in the second light guide element 120 .
  • a transreflective element group includes two first transreflective elements 0110 , and the two first transreflective elements 0110 may be transreflective elements adjacent to each other.
  • a transflective element group includes more than three first transreflective elements 0110, these three or more first transreflective elements 0110 are arranged in sequence, and any two first transreflective elements 0110 are not set to belong to other transflective element groups The first transflective element 0110.
  • the number of first transreflective elements 0110 can be N, for example, 8, and the first transreflective elements 0110 included in each group of M groups of first transreflective elements have the same , and the reflectivity of the first transflective element 0110 in any two groups in the M groups is different.
  • M can be 4, and along the propagation direction of the light in the second light guide element 120, the reflectivity of the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 can be sequentially set to 1/8, 1/8, 1/6, 1/6, 1/4, 1/4, 1/2 and 1, at this time, the number of a group of first transflective elements 0110 is one or two.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and the number of a group of first transflective elements may be three or more, which may be set according to actual product requirements.
  • a diffusing element may be provided on the light-emitting side of the second light-guiding element 120 to diffuse the light emitted from the second light-guiding element 120 to improve the uniformity of the light.
  • the M transreflective element groups 011 include the first transreflective element group 011-1 and the second transreflective element group 011-2, and the first transflective element group 011-1 in the first transreflective element group 011-1
  • the reflectivity of the reflective elements 0110 is greater than the reflectivity of the first transflective elements 0110 in the second transflective element group 011-2, and the number of the first transflective elements 0110 in the first transflective element group 011-1 is not greater than that of the first transflective element group 011-1.
  • the quantity of the first transflective element 0110 in the second transflective element group 011-2 is not greater than that of the first transflective element group 011-1.
  • the reflectance of the first transflective element 0110 in the first transflective element group 011-1 is 1/6 above, and the reflectance of the first transflective element 0110 in the second transflective element group 011-2 is above 1/6. 1/8, the number of the first transreflective elements 0110 in the first transreflective element group 011-1 may be equal to the number of the first transreflective elements 0110 in the second transreflective element group 011-2.
  • the reflectance of the first transflective element 0110 in the first transflective element group 011-1 is 1/2 above, and the reflectance of the first transflective element 0110 in the second transflective element group 011-2 is above 1/2. 1/4, the number of the first transreflective elements 0110 in the first transreflective element group 011-1 may be less than the number of the first transreflective elements 0110 in the second transreflective element group 011-2.
  • the number of the first transflective elements 0110 included in the transflective element group 011 may be reduced regionally along the propagation direction of the light in the second light guide element 120 .
  • the number of first transflective elements 0110 in the transflective element group 011 closest to the light incident side of the second light guide element 120 is the largest, and the transflective element group 011 farthest from the light incident side of the second light guide element 120
  • the number of the first transreflective elements 0110 in the group is the least, and the number of the first transreflective elements 0110 in the transreflective element group 011 located between the above two transreflective element groups 011 can be located between the above two numbers, or with The larger number of the above numbers is the same; the number of transflective element groups 011 located between the above two transflective element groups 011 can be multiple, and the number of the first transflective element 0110 in these transflective element groups 011 Can be the same or different; for example, when the number of
  • M transreflective element groups 011 include a third transreflective element group 011-3, and the reflectivity of the first transreflective element 0110 in the third transreflective element group 011-3 is greater than that of other transflective elements.
  • the reflectivity of the first transflective element 0110 in the element group 011, and the third transflective element group 011-3 includes only one first transreflective element 0110.
  • the third transflective element group 011-3 is the transflective element group 011 farthest from the light incident side of the second light guide element 120, and the first transflective element group 011 in the transflective element group 011
  • the reflectivity of element 0110 is not less than 90%.
  • the reflectivity of the first transflective element 0110 in the transflective element group 011 to the light incident on it is not less than 92%, or not less than 95%, or not less than 98%, such as the transflective
  • the reflectivity of the first transflective element 0110 in the element group 011 is close to or almost 100%, that is, the first transflective element 0110 can reflect almost all the light incident on its transflective surface out of the second light guide element.
  • the inclination directions of the first transreflective elements 0110 in the same transreflective element group 011 are the same.
  • the aforementioned "inclined direction” may refer to the inclined direction of the first transreflective element relative to the Y direction, for example, the direction indicated by the arrow in the X direction is rightward, and the direction of the first transreflective element 0110 located in the same transflective element group 011 is Lean right.
  • the inclination directions of the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 may all be the same, or may have a certain error range, for example, an error range of 0°-10°.
  • the first transflective elements 0110 in the same transflective element group 011 are arranged in parallel.
  • any two of the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 are arranged parallel to each other.
  • the above "parallel arrangement" may include strictly parallel and approximately parallel, strictly parallel means that the angle between any two is 0°, approximately parallel means that the angle between any two is not greater than 10°.
  • the light emitted from the second light guide element can be parallel light.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto, and some of the multiple first transflective elements may also be arranged non-parallel, so as to achieve convergence or divergence of light emitted from the second light guide element.
  • the light guide device further includes a second transflective element array, as shown in FIG.
  • the array includes a plurality of second transflective elements 0120, at least some of the plurality of second transflective elements 0120 are configured to partially transmit and partially reflect light propagating to the second transflective elements 0120 so that a portion of the light rays exit
  • the light guide device (such as the third light guide element 130), and make another part of the light continue to propagate in the light guide device.
  • the aforementioned transreflective element may refer to the second transreflective element described below, and the second transflective element described below has the same features and implementations as the aforementioned transreflective element.
  • the first transreflective element array and the second transreflective element array do not overlap in the direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the first transreflective element (the Y direction shown in FIG. 10A ), for example, the first The array and the second array of transflective elements may be arranged along the Y direction shown in FIG. 10A .
  • the first transflective element array and the second transflective element array overlap in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the first transflective element 0110 .
  • a plurality of second transflective elements include M' transflective element groups, and each transflective element group in at least one transflective element group includes at least two second transflective elements with the same reflectivity.
  • reflective elements, and second transflective elements located in different transflective element groups have different reflectivities, and M' is a positive integer greater than 1.
  • M' is a positive integer greater than 1.
  • the type is beneficial to reduce the cost of the light guide device.
  • the number of multiple second transreflective elements can be N' (for example, N' is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2), and the types of reflectivity included in N' second transflective elements are less than N 'kinds, thereby reducing the types of transflective films needed for the second transflective element array, which is beneficial to reducing the cost of the light guide device.
  • a plurality of second transflective elements are arranged along the propagation direction of the light in the light guide device, and along the arrangement direction of the plurality of second transflective elements, the reflectivity of the plurality of second transflective elements is gradually increased regionally.
  • the above-mentioned regionally increasing gradually may refer to: dividing a plurality of second transflective elements into two or more regions (one region may refer to one group of transflective elements, but it is not limited thereto, one region may also be Including two adjacent groups of transflective elements or more than two groups of transflective elements), the reflectivity of the transflective elements in the above-mentioned different regions is different and generally tends to increase gradually.
  • the reflectance of the second transflective element with the highest reflectance among the plurality of second transflective elements is not less than 90%.
  • the light guide device includes a light-incident side, and the second transflective element farthest from the light-incident side may be the second transflective element with the highest reflectivity, and the transflective surface of the second transflective element is incident on it.
  • the reflectivity of light is not less than 92%, or not less than 95%, or not less than 98%, if the reflectivity of the second transflective element is close to or almost 100%, the second transflective element can The light on the reverse side is almost entirely reflected out of the light guide.
  • the second transreflective element in the embodiment of the present disclosure may have the same properties as the above-mentioned first transreflective element, for example, the reflective medium provided in the first transflective element may be applied to the second transflective element.
  • the two transflective element arrays may be mirror-symmetrical.
  • the types of reflective media in the two transflective element arrays can be arranged mirror-symmetrically.
  • FIGS 13A to 13H are schematic diagrams of a partial planar structure of a transflective element provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a plurality of transreflective elements include a transflective element provided with a reflective medium 0111, and at least part of the transreflective element is set There is a reflective medium 0111 with a first reflectivity, and among at least two transreflective elements in the at least part of the transreflective elements, the reflective medium 0111 with the first reflectivity accounts for a different area ratio of the corresponding transreflective elements so that at least two The reflectivity of each transflective element is different.
  • the transflective elements are provided with reflective media 0111 with the same reflectivity, and in at least two transflective elements of at least some of the transflective elements, the reflective medium 0111 with the same reflectivity occupies different area ratios of the corresponding transflective elements In order to make the reflectivity of at least two transflective elements different.
  • the above-mentioned "same reflectance” includes exactly the same reflectance and approximately the same reflectance, and approximately the same reflectance refers to the ratio of the difference between any two reflectances to one of them not greater than 10% (for example, may not be greater than 8 %, 5% or 1%).
  • the above-mentioned first reflectivity may refer to at least one specific reflectivity, such as at least one of 80%, 70%, 60% and other numerical values.
  • the reflective medium 0111 has a first reflectivity
  • the first reflectivity is a specific reflectivity, for example, the first reflectivity is 60%
  • the above-mentioned at least two transflective elements all have the same reflectivity or, in at least two transflective elements, the reflective medium 0111 has a first reflectivity
  • the first reflectivity includes a plurality of specific reflectivity, for example, the first reflectivity includes 60% and 80%, it can be considered that at least two transflective Reflecting media with a reflectivity of 60% and reflective media with a reflective rate of 80% are arranged on the reflective elements.
  • a plurality of transflective elements include a transflective element provided with a reflective medium 0111, and at least one reflective medium 0111 provided with a transflective element includes at least two different reflectivities, and the reflectivity types of the reflective medium 0111 provided with a plurality of transflective elements The quantity is less than the quantity of the plurality of transflective elements 0110 .
  • the transflective elements are provided with reflective media 0111 having two or more reflectivities, and in at least two transflective elements of at least some of the transflective elements, the reflective media 0111 with the same reflectivity occupy the corresponding transmissive
  • the area ratios of the transflective elements are different such that the reflectivity of at least two transflective elements is different.
  • the reflective medium 0111 includes two media with a reflectivity of 60% and a reflective rate of 80%. In at least two transflective elements, the reflective medium with a reflective rate of 60% occupies a different area ratio of the corresponding transflective element 0110.
  • the area ratio of the reflective medium with a reflectivity of 80% to the corresponding transreflective elements is different, so that the reflectivity of at least two transflective elements is different.
  • the above-mentioned "same reflectivity" may refer to the same reflectivity, including exactly the same reflectivity and approximately the same reflectivity. Approximately the same reflectivity means that the ratio of the difference between any two reflectivities to one of them is not greater than 10 % (eg, may be no greater than 8%, 5%, or 1%).
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure adjusts the reflectivity of the corresponding transflective element by arranging reflective media with the same reflectivity on at least two transflective elements, and adjusting the area of the reflective medium with the same reflectivity on the at least two transflective elements , reducing the types of reflective media, reducing the production cost of the transflective element.
  • the reflective medium provided by the above-mentioned at least one transflective element may be a medium comprising a layer of reflective film, or may be a medium comprising a multilayer reflective film, and the reflectivity of the above-mentioned reflective medium refers to the overall multi-film layer included in the reflective medium. Reflectivity.
  • the above-mentioned reflective medium may also be a transflective medium, and the transflective medium may be a medium comprising a layer of transflective film, or a medium comprising multiple layers of transflective films, and the transmittance of the transflective medium refers to the Transmittance of the entire film layer included.
  • the reflective medium provided by at least one transflective element includes a stacked multilayer reflective film
  • the multilayer reflective film includes tantalum pentoxide, titanium dioxide, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, silicon dioxide, fluorine Magnesium oxide, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, and aluminum fluoride.
  • the arrangement of the transflective elements and the change trend of the reflectivity on the plurality of transreflective elements can be compared with the arrangement of the transflective elements and the reflectivity on the plurality of transflective elements shown in FIGS. 1A to 12 .
  • the change trend of the rate is the same, so it will not be repeated here.
  • FIGS. 13A to 13H take the first transflective element 0110 as an example for description, but not limited thereto, and the second transflective element is also applicable.
  • FIGS. 13A to 13H schematically show that the shape of the first transflective element 0110 is a rectangle, but it is not limited thereto.
  • the shape of the first transflective element can also be other polygons such as a circle, an ellipse, or a hexagon.
  • the first transflective element 0110 may be the surface of the light guide medium 123 .
  • the light guide medium 123 can be divided into a plurality of cylinders (such as parallelepipeds) with a parallelogram cross section, and transflective elements 0110 can be arranged between the joined cylinders.
  • the above cylinder may include two surfaces opposite to each other, one of the two surfaces may be the light incident surface of the cylinder, and the other surface is located at the back side of the light incident surface.
  • the reflective medium can be disposed on the transflective element by plating or cladding, that is, it can be disposed on the surface of the pillars, such as the surface where the above-mentioned pillars are spliced together.
  • the shape of the above-mentioned first transflective element can guide the shape of the surface of the spliced cylinder in the optical medium.
  • the areas of any two transreflective elements 0110 among the plurality of first transreflective elements 0110 are the same, and the reflective medium 0111 set on the same first transreflective element 0110 is of the same type.
  • a reflective medium 0111 of reflectivity (for example, a first reflectivity).
  • the reflective medium 0111 may be made of a material with high reflectivity, for example, the reflective medium 0111 may not be less than 80%.
  • the reflectivity of the reflective medium 0111 may not be less than 90%.
  • the reflectivity of the reflective medium 0111 may not be less than 95%.
  • the reflectivity of the first transreflective element can be adjusted in a larger range, that is, the first transreflective element can be adjusted to have a larger High reflectivity (such as having the same reflectivity as the reflective medium), or may have a small reflectivity (such as reflectivity less than 40%).
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
  • some reflective media provided on the first transflective elements may also use materials with lower reflectivity.
  • the above “same area” may mean that the two areas are completely the same or approximately the same, for example, the ratio of the two areas is 0.8-1.2, for example, it may be 0.9-1.1.
  • all the reflective media 0111 disposed on the first transflective element 0110 are reflective media 0111 with a first reflectivity.
  • reflective media 0111 with the same reflectivity are disposed on the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 .
  • the reflective medium 0111 provided on the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 may be made of the same material, thereby greatly reducing the types of reflective medium and reducing the production cost of the product.
  • the reflectivity of the first transflective element 0110 is positively correlated with the area of the reflective medium 0111 provided therein.
  • the reflectivity of the first transflective element 0110 reaches the maximum, which can be almost equal to the reflectivity of the reflective medium 0111.
  • the reflectivity of the first transflective element 0110 is smaller than the reflectivity of the reflective medium 0111, thus, by adjusting the setting on the first transflective element 0110
  • the area of the reflective medium 0111 can adjust the reflectivity of the first transflective element 0110.
  • part of the first transflective element 0110 further includes a blank area 0112
  • the blank area 0112 includes an area of the first transflective element 0110 that is not provided with a reflective medium 0111 .
  • the area on the first transflective element 0110 except the reflective medium 0111 is the blank area 0112 .
  • the reflectivity of the first transreflective element can be adjusted by adjusting the area ratio of the reflective medium to the blank area on a first transreflective element, wherein the larger the area ratio of the reflective medium to the blank area, the greater the area ratio of the first transflective element. The higher the reflectivity.
  • the multiple first transflective elements may be surfaces of multiple parallelepipeds included in the light guide medium (for example, multiple parallelepiped surfaces spliced with each other), and the blank area may be an area on the above surface without a reflective medium.
  • the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 to the blank area 0112 in the first transflective element 0110 shown in FIG. 13A is greater than the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 to the blank area 0112 in the first transflective element 0110 shown in FIG. 13B , Then the reflectivity of the first transflective element 0110 shown in FIG. 13A is greater than that of the first transflective element 0110 shown in FIG. 13B .
  • 13A and 13B schematically show that the reflective medium 0111 extends along the U direction and is arranged along the V direction.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto, and the reflective medium 0111 may also be set to extend along the V direction and be arranged along the U direction.
  • Figure 13C and Figure 13D schematically show that the reflective medium 0111 extends along the direction intersecting the U direction and the V direction, and by adjusting the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 and the blank area 0112, the corresponding first transflective element can be adjusted reflectivity.
  • FIG. 13E and FIG. 13F schematically show that the shape of the reflective medium 0111 is circular, and by adjusting the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 to the blank area 0112, the reflectivity of the corresponding first transflective element can be adjusted.
  • FIG. 13G and FIG. 13H schematically show that the shape of the reflective medium 0111 is a rectangle, and by adjusting the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 to the blank area 0112, the reflectivity of the corresponding first transflective element can be adjusted.
  • the shape of the reflective medium is not limited to the rectangle or circle shown in the figure, and can also be other shapes.
  • the reflective medium 0111 provided on the first transflective element 0110 can all use a reflective film with a reflectivity of 80%.
  • the number of the first transflective element 0110 is four, for example.
  • the reflectivity of the reflective element 0110 needs to be set to 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% respectively, that is, it can be achieved by adjusting the area ratio of the film layer with a reflectivity of 80% on different first transflective elements. Others with 80% reflectivity.
  • lower reflectivity can be achieved by adjusting the duty cycle.
  • the duty ratio in the embodiments of the present disclosure may refer to the area ratio of the reflective medium and the blank area provided by the transflective element, or the area ratio of the blank area to the reflective medium.
  • a reflective medium 0111 can be set in half of a first transflective element 0110, and a blank area 0112 can be set in the other half.
  • a transreflective element 0110 reduces the amount of light reflected by half.
  • the implementation of other lower reflectivity is similar, just adjust the area ratio of the reflective medium.
  • the reflective medium 0111 of part of the first transflective element 0110 is evenly distributed, which can make the light emitted from the light guide device more uniform.
  • the uniform distribution of the above-mentioned reflective medium may include cross-distribution of reflective medium and blank area, and may include equidistant distribution of reflective medium in a certain direction (such as V direction, U direction, or a direction intersecting both U direction and V direction, etc.).
  • the distribution of the reflective medium 0111 can also be unevenly distributed (for example, similar to the distribution form of a two-dimensional code lattice) or randomly distributed, so that the ratio of the total area of the reflective medium 0111 to the area of the blank area meets the requirements.
  • a diffusing element may be arranged on the light-emitting surface of the light-guiding device, and the uniformity of light emitted by the transflective element may be further improved through diffusion.
  • FIG. 14A and FIG. 14B are schematic diagrams of a partial planar structure of a transflective element provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 14A and FIG. 14B take the first transflective element 0110 as an example for description, but not limited thereto, and the second transflective element is also applicable.
  • Figure 14A and Figure 14B schematically show that the shape of the first transflective element 0110 is a rectangle, but it is not limited thereto, the shape of the first transflective element can also be other polygons such as a circle, an ellipse, or a hexagon .
  • a plurality of first transreflective elements 0110 includes at least two transreflective element groups (011 as shown in FIG. 12 ), at least one transreflective element A group includes at least two transflective elements, and the reflective media 0111 set in the same transflective element group have the same reflectivity, and the reflective media 0111 in different transflective element groups have different reflectivity.
  • the same first transreflective element 0110 is provided with a reflective medium 0111 made of the same material, and at least two different first transreflective elements 0110 can be provided with different materials to form The reflective medium 0111.
  • the shape of the first transflective element, the shape and distribution of the reflective medium may be the same as those in the examples shown in FIGS. 13A to 13H , and the repeat.
  • the number of the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 may be N, and the number of transflective element groups 011 included in the N first transflective elements 0110 is less than N.
  • the number of first transreflective elements 0110 set in one transreflective element group or multiple transreflective element groups can be greater than 1, and the number of transreflective element groups and the number of first transreflective elements in each transreflective element group can be Set according to product requirements.
  • the reflectivity of the reflective medium 0111 of the first transflective element 0110 shown in FIG. 14A is different from the reflectivity of the reflective medium 0111 of the first transflective element 0110 shown in FIG. 14B , and the first transflective element 0111 shown in FIG. 14A
  • the element 0110 and the first transflective element 0110 shown in FIG. 14B are respectively located in two different transflective element groups.
  • the area ratio of the reflective media 0111 to the corresponding first transflective elements 0110 is the same.
  • the reflective medium 0111 set in the first transflective element 0110 shown in FIG. 14A accounts for an area ratio of A
  • the reflective medium 0111 set in the first transflective element 0110 shown in FIG. 14B occupies the area ratio of the first transflective element 0110.
  • the area ratio of the first transflective element 0110 is also A, but since the reflectivity of the reflective medium 0111 set by the two first transflective elements 0110 is different, even if the area of the reflective medium 0111 set by the two first transflective elements 0110 is For the same ratio, the reflectance of the two first transflective elements 0110 is also different.
  • the reflectivity of the first transflective element 0110 is positively correlated with the area of the reflective medium 0111 on which it is disposed.
  • the larger the area of the reflective medium 0111 is set the greater the reflectivity of the first transflective element 0110, when the area of the reflective medium 0111 is the same as the When the surface areas are almost the same, the reflectivity of the first transflective element 0110 reaches the maximum, which can be almost equal to the reflectivity of the reflective medium 0111 .
  • the reflectivity of the first transflective element 0110 is smaller than the reflectivity of the reflective medium 0111, thus, by adjusting the setting on the first transflective element 0110
  • the area of the reflective medium 0111 can adjust the reflectivity of the first transflective element 0110.
  • the reflective medium 0111 set on the first transflective element 0110 shown in FIG. 14A is a reflective film with a reflectivity of 80%
  • the reflective medium 0111 set on the first transflective element 0110 shown in FIG. 14B is a reflective film with a reflectivity of 80%.
  • the number of multiple first transflective elements 0110 is four as an example, along the propagation direction of light, the reflectivity of the four first transflective elements 0110 is set to 20%, 40%, and 60% respectively and 80%.
  • a reflective medium 0111 with a reflective rate of 60% can be set on the first transflective element 0110 with a reflective rate of 60%, and the reflective medium 0111 occupies the surface of the first transflective element 0110;
  • a reflective medium 0111 with a reflectivity of 80% can be set on the transflective element 0110, and the reflective medium 0111 occupies the surface of the first transflective element 0110;
  • the area ratio of the surface of the reflective element 0110 can realize the first transreflective element 0110 with a reflectivity of 20% and 40%, respectively, or adjust the reflective medium 0111 with a reflectivity of 60% between the other two first transreflective elements 0110
  • the area ratio of the surface can respectively realize the first transflective element 0110 with a reflectivity of 20% and 40%, or adjust the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 with a reflectivity of 60% on the surface of a first transflective element 0110 respectively.
  • the first transflective element 0110 Realize the first transflective element 0110 with a reflectivity of 20% and 40%, and adjust the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 with a reflectivity of 80% on the surface of a first transflective element 0110 to achieve reflectivity respectively 20% and 40% of the other first transflective element 0110.
  • the first transflective element with lower reflectivity can be realized by using two reflective media with different reflectivity
  • the first transflective element with different reflectivity can be realized by using at least two reflective media with different reflectivity , the effect of more uniform light emitted from the first transflective element can be obtained.
  • the first transflective element includes the aforementioned blank area 0112 , and by adjusting the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 to the blank area 0112 , the reflectivity of the corresponding first transflective element can be adjusted.
  • FIG. 15A and FIG. 15B are schematic diagrams of a partial planar structure of a transflective element provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 15A and FIG. 15B take the first transflective element 0110 as an example for description, but not limited thereto, and the second transflective element is also applicable.
  • Fig. 15A and Fig. 15B schematically show that the shape of the first transflective element 0110 is a rectangle, but it is not limited thereto, the shape of the first transflective element can also be other polygons such as circle, ellipse or hexagon .
  • Fig. 15A and Fig. 15B are provided with reflective medium 0111
  • the reflective medium 0111 provided for at least one first transflective element 0110 includes at least two kinds Different reflectivity
  • the number of reflectivity types of the reflective medium 0111 provided by the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 is smaller than the number of the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 .
  • At least one transflective element is provided with a reflective medium including at least two different reflectivities, and the number of reflective types of the reflective medium is less than the number of multiple transflective elements, so that the transflective While the emitted light of the element is relatively uniform, it is beneficial to reduce the manufacturing cost of the transflective element.
  • the reflective medium 0111 provided in at least one first transflective element 0110 includes at least two reflective mediums with different reflectivities.
  • at least one first transflective element 0110 may be provided with three kinds of reflective media 0111 or four kinds of reflective media 0111 with different reflectivities.
  • some of the first transflective elements 0110 are provided with at least two kinds of reflective media with different reflectances, and the reflectances of the reflective media provided by different first transflective elements 0110 may be the same or different.
  • the reflective medium 0111 provided on each first transreflective element 0110 includes at least two reflective media with different reflectivity (such as the first reflective medium 0111-1 and second reflective medium 0111-2), in different first transflective elements 0110, a reflective medium 0111 with the same reflectivity (such as first reflective medium 0111-1 or second reflective medium 0111- 2)
  • the ratios of areas occupied by the corresponding first transflective elements 0110 are different so that the reflectances of different first transflective elements 0110 are different.
  • the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111-1 to the first transflective element 0110 is different, and the second reflective medium 0111-2 set in the first transflective element 0110 shown in FIG. 15A occupies the area of the first transflective element 0110
  • the area ratio of the second reflective medium 0111-2 occupying the first transreflective element 0110 is also different from that of the first transflective element 0110 shown in FIG.
  • the reflectivity of the corresponding first transflective element is adjusted by the area ratio of the reflectivity of the reflective medium.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to reflective media with different reflectances including only two different reflective rates, and may also include a third reflective medium with other reflective rates, which can be set according to product requirements.
  • the reflective medium 0111 provided for each first transflective element 0110 includes at least two reflective media with different reflectivity (such as the first reflective medium 0111-1 and second reflective medium 0111-2), the reflectivity of different first transflective elements 0110 is different, and in different first transflective elements 0110, the reflective medium 0111 occupies the surface of the corresponding first transflective element 0110
  • the area ratio is the same.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
  • the reflective medium provided for each first transflective element includes at least two reflective media with different reflectivity (such as the first reflective medium and the second reflective medium). Two reflective media), the reflectivity of different first transflective elements is different, and in different first transflective elements, the area ratio of the reflective medium to the surface of the corresponding first transflective element is different.
  • the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 (including the first reflective medium 0111-1 and the second reflective medium 0111-2) in the first transflective element 0110 shown in FIG. 15A to the first transflective element 0110 is B
  • the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 (including the first reflective medium 0111-1 and the second reflective medium 0111-2) in the first transflective element 0110 shown in FIG. 15B to the first transflective element 0110 is also B
  • both In each of the first transreflective elements 0110, the area ratio occupied by the reflective medium 0111 is the same, and the first transreflective element can be adjusted by adjusting the area of the first transreflective element occupied by the reflective medium with different reflectivity on each first transreflective element.
  • the reflectivity of the transflective element For example, in the first transflective element 0110 shown in FIG. 15A, the area ratio of the first reflective medium 0111-1 to the first transflective element 0110 can be B1, and the second reflective medium 0111-2 occupies the first transreflective element 0110.
  • the area ratio of the first reflective medium 0111-1 to the first transflective element 0110 can be B3,
  • the first reflective medium 0111-1 and the second reflective medium 0111-2 can be reflective films with a reflectivity of 80% and 60% respectively, and by adjusting the As for the area ratio, the reflectivity of different first transflective elements can be adjusted between 20% and 80%.
  • the first transflective element includes the aforementioned blank area 0112 , and by adjusting the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 to the blank area 0112 , the reflectivity of the corresponding first transflective element can be adjusted.
  • the method of adjusting the reflectivity of the first transflective element 0110 shown in FIGS. 13A to 15B by adjusting the area ratio of the surface of the reflective medium 0111 disposed thereon can be applied to FIGS. 1A to 15B
  • the reflectivity of the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 is gradually increased regionally or gradually.
  • Fig. 16 is a light guide device provided according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the light guiding device includes a light guiding structure 100 .
  • the light guide structure 100 includes a light outcoupling portion 101 configured to outcouple light propagating in the light guide structure 100 .
  • the light guide structure 100 includes a first light guide element 110 and a second light guide element 120, the light entering the light guide structure 100 is transmitted to the second light guide element 120 through the first light guide element 110, and the light coupling part 101 is located at the second light guiding element 120 .
  • the first light guide element 110 is configured to perform total reflection on the light incident on the first light guide element 110 so that the light propagates to the second light guide element 120, the first light guide element 110 includes at least two reflective surfaces 1120, The divergence angle of the light incident into the first light guide element 110 is ⁇ , the at least two reflective surfaces 112 include two reflective surfaces 112 opposite to each other, and the angle between the two reflective surfaces 112 opposite to each other is greater than or equal to 0° and less than or equal to ⁇ .
  • the above-mentioned divergence angle ⁇ of the light incident into the first light guide element 110 is greater than 0°.
  • the included angle between the two sub-reflective surfaces 112 facing each other is greater than 0° and less than or equal to at least one of the light incident side, the light exit side, and the side between the light incident side and the light exit side of the reflective structure. theta.
  • the included angle between the two reflecting surfaces 112 facing each other is between 0° and ⁇ .
  • the above-mentioned angle between the two opposite reflecting surfaces 112 is greater than 0° and less than or equal to ⁇ ; Less than or equal to ⁇ , it is beneficial to reduce the distance between at least a part of the area between the two reflecting surfaces, and can reduce the thickness of the first light guide element, which is beneficial to increase the number of reflections of light in the first light guide element, and improve the first light guide element.
  • the dodging effect of the light element is beneficial to improve the homogenization effect of the light at a large angle.
  • the above-mentioned angle between the two reflecting surfaces 112 opposite to each other is equal to 0°, which can be considered to be parallel to each other; the parallel reflecting surfaces 112 are conducive to maintaining the total reflection propagation of light in the first light guide element 110, which can improve light utilization.
  • the first light guide element 110 is provided with a light guide medium 111, and the light propagates through the light guide medium 111 through total reflection.
  • the inner surface for reflecting light may also be a reflective structure disposed on the outer surface of the light guide medium, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the above two reflective surfaces 1120 may face each other in the Y direction shown in FIG. 16 , may face each other in a direction perpendicular to the XY plane, or may face each other in other directions perpendicular to the X direction.
  • the above two reflecting surfaces 1120 facing each other may be two sub-reflecting surfaces that are independent of each other with a space in between, or may be two sub-reflecting surfaces that are connected through a connecting portion located outside the medium 111. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, There is no limit to this.
  • the divergence angle of the light incident into the first light guide element 110 may be 40°.
  • the divergence angle of the light incident into the first light guide element 110 may be 20°.
  • the divergence angle of the light incident into the first light guide element 110 may be 10°.
  • the angle between the two reflecting surfaces 1120 opposite to each other is less than or equal to 40°.
  • the angle between the two reflecting surfaces 1120 opposite to each other is less than or equal to 30°.
  • the angle between the two reflecting surfaces 1120 opposite to each other is less than or equal to 20°.
  • the angle between the two sub-reflecting surfaces 1120 opposite to each other is less than or equal to 10°.
  • the second light guide element in the embodiment of the present disclosure may have the same characteristics as the second light guide element shown in FIG. 1A to FIG. 12 , which will not be repeated here.
  • the light guiding device in the embodiment shown in FIG. 16 may include the third reflective structure 130 shown in any example in FIGS. 1A to 3B , and may include the light conversion part shown in any example in FIGS. 1A to 10B 200 (in some examples, the light conversion part can replace the third reflective structure 130), which may include the light-adjusting structure 18 in the example shown in FIG. Examples will not be repeated.
  • Fig. 17 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a light guide device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the light is transmitted to the second light guiding element 120 through the fourth light guiding element 140 .
  • the fourth light guide element 140 is located between the light conversion part 200 and the second light guide element 120 , and the light emitted by the light conversion part 200 is transmitted to the second light guide element 120 through the fourth light guide element 140 .
  • the light transmitted in the fourth light guide element 140 may undergo non-total reflection or total reflection propagation on the inner surface of the fourth light guide element 140 , so as to further have a uniform light effect on the light.
  • the extending direction of the fourth light guiding element 140 is the same as the extending direction of the second light guiding element 120 .
  • the fourth light guiding element 140 overlaps the second light guiding element 120 .
  • the first light guide element 110 overlaps the second light guide element 120 along the Y direction, and the fourth light guide element 140 is located between the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120 .
  • the fourth light guide element between the light conversion part and the second light guide element, it is beneficial to further mix the light emitted by the light conversion part evenly, and can improve the light emitted from the light conversion part to the second light guide element of evenness.
  • the fourth light guide element 140 includes a light coupling part and a light coupling part, and the light coupling part and the light coupling part may include structures such as reflective surfaces or gratings, which are not limited in this embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a light source device provided according to the present disclosure.
  • the light source device includes a light source part 500 and the light guide device provided in any example in Figure 1A to Figure 17, Figure 18 schematically shows that the light guide device is the light guide device shown in Figure 3A, but is not limited to Here, the light guide device provided in other examples in FIGS. 1A to 17 may also be used.
  • the light emitted from the light source part 500 is configured to enter the light guide.
  • the light source part 500 may include a light source 510 and a reflective light guide structure 520 configured to adjust the light emitted by the light source 510 to a predetermined divergence angle.
  • the predetermined divergence angle may include a divergence angle within 40°.
  • the predetermined divergence angle may include divergence angles within 20°.
  • the predetermined divergence angle may include a divergence angle within 10°.
  • the predetermined divergence angle may include divergence angles within 5°.
  • the reflective light guide structure 520 can be a lamp cup, which can be a solid lamp cup or a hollow lamp cup, and can convert the light with a certain divergence angle emitted by the light source into a collimated light.
  • Nearly parallel light rays (for example, the divergence angle is not greater than 10°) have better consistency and can improve light utilization efficiency. Referring to the embodiment shown in FIG. 19B , the efficiency of polarization conversion of collimated light rays is higher.
  • the reflective light guide structure 520 can control the divergence angle of the light to a smaller angle.
  • the divergence angle of the light emitted by the light source is generally larger, for example, the divergence angle is 45°, and the reflective light guide structure 520 can control the angle as 40°, 20° or 10°.
  • the light has a divergence angle within 20°, and the light with a certain divergence angle will increase its uniformity with multiple reflections during propagation, which can improve the uniformity of light and shade.
  • the light source device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can be used as a backlight source of a display device.
  • FIG. 18 schematically shows that the light source part is located on the side of the light guide device as an example, but it is not limited thereto.
  • the light source part is located at the side of the light guide device, that is, the backlight is a side-type backlight.
  • the light guiding device can be set as light incident from at least one side (for example, light can be incident from two sides), which is beneficial to reduce the thickness of the light source device.
  • the light guiding device can also be arranged so that the bottom (for example, the side of the light guiding device away from the light exit area) receives light, which is beneficial to reduce the planar size of the light source device.
  • the light source 510 can be a monochromatic light source or a color mixing light source, such as a red monochromatic light source, a green monochromatic light source, a blue monochromatic light source or a white color mixing light source, or it can also be a combination of multiple monochromatic light sources of different colors to form a color mixing light source.
  • the monochromatic light source can finally form a monochrome image, and the color-mixing light source can form a color image.
  • light source 510 may be a laser light source or a light emitting diode (LED) light source.
  • the light source part 500 may include one light source 510 or a plurality of light sources 510 .
  • the light emitted by the light source 510 included in the light source unit 500 may be a one-dimensional light beam, that is, a light beam mainly extending in a one-dimensional direction.
  • the light source part 100 may include a light strip light source, and the cross section of the light beam emitted by the light source 510 is approximately one-dimensional line shape, or may be narrow strip shape.
  • the light source device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can make the light emitted by the light source device have better uniformity by using the light guide device shown in FIGS. 1A to 17 .
  • FIG. 19A and FIG. 19B are partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagrams of a display device provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the display device includes a display panel 600 and the light source device shown in FIG. 18 .
  • the display panel 600 includes a display surface 601 and a backside 602 opposite to the display surface 601 , and the light source device is located on the backside 602 of the display panel 600 .
  • the light emitted by the light source device passes through the display panel 600 and then goes to the viewing area.
  • the side of the display panel 600 facing the light source device is the non-display side
  • the side of the display panel 600 away from the light source device is the display side
  • the observation area is located on the display side of the display panel 600
  • the display side is where the user can watch the displayed image. side.
  • the viewing area and the light source device are located on two sides of the display panel 600 .
  • the display panel may be a liquid crystal display panel.
  • the liquid crystal display panel may include an array substrate, an opposite substrate, a liquid crystal layer located between the array substrate and the opposite substrate, and a sealant for encapsulating the liquid crystal layer.
  • the liquid crystal display panel further includes a first polarizing layer disposed on a side of the array substrate away from the opposite substrate and a second polarizing layer disposed on a side of the opposite substrate away from the array substrate.
  • the light source device is configured to provide backlight to the liquid crystal display panel, and the backlight is converted into image light after passing through the liquid crystal display panel.
  • the direction of the polarization axis of the first polarizing layer and the direction of the polarization axis of the second polarizing layer are perpendicular to each other, but not limited thereto.
  • the first polarizing layer can pass one kind of linearly polarized light
  • the second polarizing layer can pass another kind of linearly polarized light
  • the polarization directions of the two kinds of linearly polarized light are perpendicular to each other.
  • the light emitted by the light source device provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure is linearly polarized light, and the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light is parallel to the polarization axis of the first polarizing layer. Therefore, the light emitted from the light source device to the display panel has a higher utilization rate.
  • the reflectivity of a transflective element 0110 located at the outermost edge on the light incident side is greater than the transmittance.
  • the reflectivity of the transflective element can be almost 100% or close to 100%, so that most or even all of the light is reflected to the transflective element adjacent to it, so that other transflective elements far away from the transflective element will reflect the light Coupling out can not only prevent the edge of the display panel from being too bright, but also prevent the transmitted light from having a certain divergence angle due to the certain transmittance of the transflective element.
  • the divergent light leaks from the edge of the transflective element, which is different from the normal coupling. The outgoing rays overlap, causing bright bars.
  • At least part of the transflective element 0110 at the outermost edge does not overlap with the display panel 600;
  • the area of the display panel 600 where element 0110 overlaps is not used for imaging.
  • the transflective element 0110 located at the outermost edge of the light incident side reflects a part of the light transmitted from the first light guide element 110 into the second light guide element 120 to the The adjacent transflective element transmits another part of the light transmitted from the first light guide element 110 into the second light guide element 120 to the display panel 600 .
  • the above-mentioned transflective element 0110 at the outermost edge of the light incident side can be set as an element with a certain transmittance, for example, the transmittance can be small, for example, it can be no more than 20%, and try to make the light emitted directly through the transflective element
  • the intensity of the light is not much different from the intensity of the light coupled out from other transflective elements, for example, the intensity difference is not greater than 20% of the intensity of the light coupled out from any one of the transflective elements (for example, it can be 15%, 10 % or 5%), so that the light emitting area can be increased to prevent the edge from not showing light.
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a display device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the display device further includes at least one light diffusing element 710, located on at least one of the display surface side and the back side of the display panel 600, and configured to emit at least one of the display panel 600 and the light source device. The light is diffused.
  • FIG. 20 schematically shows that the light diffusion element 710 is located on the back side of the display panel 600, that is, between the display panel 600 and the light source device, and is configured to diffuse the light emitted by the light source device, that is, the light diffusion element 710 configured to diffuse the light beam passing through the light diffusing element 710 .
  • the light diffusing element 710 can also be arranged on the light emitting side of the display panel 600, configured to diffuse the image light emitted by the display panel 600, for example, the light diffusing element 710 is arranged close to the display panel 600 to improve the imaging effect.
  • FIG. 20 schematically shows that the number of light diffusing elements is one, but it is not limited thereto, and there may be multiple light diffusing elements arranged at intervals to further improve the dispersion effect of light beams.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure schematically shows that the light diffusion element is located on the back side of the display panel, but is not limited thereto, and may also be located on the side of the display surface of the display panel.
  • the light diffusing element can be attached to the surface of the display surface of the display panel.
  • the light diffusing element 710 is configured to diffuse the light beam passing through the light diffusing element 710 without changing or hardly changing the optical axis of the light beam.
  • optical axis refers to the centerline of the beam, which can also be considered as the main direction of beam propagation.
  • the incident light beam passes through the light diffusing element 710, it will be diffused into a light beam with a spot with a specific size and shape along the propagation direction.
  • the energy distribution of the spot can be uniform or non-uniform; for example, the size and shape of the spot can be determined by Microstructural control of the surface design of the beam spreading element 700 .
  • the aforementioned specific shapes of light spots may include, but are not limited to, linear, circular, elliptical, square, and rectangular.
  • the light diffusing element 710 may not distinguish between front and back.
  • the propagation angle and spot size of the diffused beam determine the brightness and visible area of the final image. The smaller the diffused angle, the higher the imaging brightness and the smaller the visible area; and vice versa.
  • the light diffusing element 710 includes at least one of a diffractive optical element and a diffractive optical element.
  • the light diffusion element 710 can be a low-cost scattering optical element, such as a dodging sheet, a diffusion sheet, etc., when the light beam passes through a scattering optical element such as a dodging sheet, it will be scattered, and a small amount of diffraction will also occur, but the scattering effect
  • the main function is that the light beam will form a larger spot after passing through the scattering optical element.
  • the light diffusing element 710 may also be a diffractive optical element (Diffractive Optical Elements, DOE) that controls the diffusion effect relatively more precisely, such as a beam shaper (Beam Shaper).
  • DOE diffractive Optical Elements
  • Beam Shaper Beam Shaper
  • diffractive optical elements design specific microstructures on the surface to expand the beam of light mainly through diffraction, and the size and shape of the spot are controllable.
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a display device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the display device further includes a light converging element 720, which is located between the light source device and the display panel 600, and is configured to condense the light emitted from the light source device and then direct the converged light to at least one light diffuser.
  • a light converging element 720 which is located between the light source device and the display panel 600, and is configured to condense the light emitted from the light source device and then direct the converged light to at least one light diffuser.
  • Element 710 is located between the light source device and the display panel 600, and is configured to condense the light emitted from the light source device and then direct the converged light to at least one light diffuser.
  • the light converging element 720 is configured to control the direction of the collimated light emitted by the light source device, and gather the light to a predetermined range, which can further gather the light and improve the utilization rate of the light.
  • the above-mentioned predetermined range can be a point, such as the focal point of a convex lens, or a small area.
  • the purpose of setting the light converging element is to uniformly or mostly adjust the direction of the collimated light output by the optical waveguide element to the predetermined range, and improve the light utilization rate.
  • the light converging element 720 can be a lens, a prism, a curved mirror or a combination of lenses, such as a Fresnel lens and/or a curved lens, such as a convex lens, a concave lens or a combination of lenses, etc., and a convex lens is used as an example in FIG. 21 Give a schematic description.
  • the light converging element 720 can gather the collimated light output by the light source device to a certain range, and the light diffusing element 710 can diffuse the gathered light.
  • the visible range is expanded while providing high light efficiency.
  • the light converging element 720 can concentrate and direct almost all the light, so that the light can reach the user's eye box area 001, so the collimated light beam output by the light source device is easy to control to realize Easy to adjust the direction of light.
  • the area where the observer needs to watch the image can be preset according to actual needs, that is, the eyebox area (eyebox) 001, which refers to the area where the observer's eyes are located and the image displayed by the display device can be seen, for example
  • the eye box area may be a planar area or a three-dimensional area, and the user's eyes can see images within the range of the eye box, for example, a complete image.
  • the array of transflective elements includes adjacent first transflective elements and second transflective elements, the first transflective elements are configured to reflect light propagating from the first light guiding element into the second light guiding element toward
  • the second transflective element along a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the second light guide element, at least part of the first transflective element does not overlap with the liquid crystal layer of the display panel.
  • the first transreflective element may be the above-mentioned outermost transreflective element 0110, which at least partially does not overlap with the display panel 600.
  • the area of the display panel 600 overlapping with the transflective element 0110 on the outermost edge is not used for imaging.
  • the reflectance of the first transflective element is above 80%, for example, it may be 90%, or it may be 95%, or even close to 100%.
  • the first transflective element reflects most of the light to other transflective elements of the second light guide element (for example, the second transflective element), the body of the first transflective element transmits little or almost no light, and the other transflective elements will The light is coupled out, and the display panel such as a liquid crystal screen may not overlap with the first transflective element.
  • the array of transflective elements includes adjacent first transreflective elements and second transflective elements, the first transflective elements are configured to reflect a part of light propagating from the first light guiding element into the second light guiding element toward the second light guiding element.
  • the transflective element transmits another part of the light transmitted from the first light guide element into the second light guide element to the display panel, and the reflectivity of the first transflective element is greater than the transmittance.
  • the first transflective element can be the above-mentioned transflective element 0110 at the outermost edge on the light incident side, which can be set as an element with a certain transmittance, for example, the transmittance can be small, For example, it can be no more than 20% (for example, no more than 10%, 8% or 5%), so that the intensity of the light emitted directly through the transflective element is as far as possible from other transflective elements (such as the second transflective element)
  • the intensity of the light coupled out is not much different, for example, the intensity difference is not greater than 20% (for example, it can be 15%, 10% or 5%) of the intensity of the light coupled out from any one of the transflective elements, so that the light output can be increased
  • the size of the display panel can be reduced to prevent the edge of the display panel from being exposed to light, and the size of the display panel can be set to be close to or the same as that of the light guide element, which saves installation space.
  • Fig. 22 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a head-up display provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the head-up display includes a reflective imaging unit 800 and the display device shown in any one of FIGS. 19A to 21 .
  • FIG. 22 schematically shows that the display device in the head-up display is the display device shown in FIG. 21 , but is not limited thereto.
  • the reflective imaging unit 800 is configured to reflect the light emitted by the display device to the observation area 001 of the head-up display (ie, the eye box area 001 ).
  • the reflective imaging unit 800 is configured to reflect the light emitted by the display device to the eye box area 001 and transmit ambient light.
  • a user located in the eye box area 001 can watch the image 002 reflected by the display device reflected by the reflective imaging unit 800 and the environmental scene on the side away from the eye box area 001 of the reflective imaging unit 800 .
  • the image light emitted by the display device enters the reflective imaging part 800, and the light reflected by the reflective imaging part 800 enters the user, such as the eye box area 001 where the driver's eyes are located, and the user can observe the image formed on the outside of the reflective imaging part, for example. virtual image without affecting the user's observation of the external environment.
  • the above-mentioned eye box area 001 refers to the plane area where the user's eyes are located and the image displayed on the head-up display can be seen.
  • the user's eyes deviate from the center of the eye box area by a certain distance, such as moving up and down, left and right by a certain distance, the user's eyes are still in the eye box area, and the user can still see the image displayed on the head-up display.
  • the reflective imaging unit 800 can be a windshield (such as a windshield) or an imaging window of a motor vehicle, respectively corresponding to a windshield-type head-up display (Windshield-HUD, W-HUD) and a combined head-up display. (Combiner-HUD, C-HUD).
  • the reflective imaging part 800 can be a flat plate, which forms a virtual image through mirror reflection; it can also be a curved surface, such as a windshield or a transparent imaging plate with curvature, etc., which will provide farther imaging distance.
  • the reflective imaging part 800 may include a first layer, a second layer, and a gap between the first layer and the second layer (hereinafter referred to as an interlayer); 800 in the interlayer (ie, the gap between the first layer and the second layer).
  • the reflective imaging unit 800 as a windshield of a vehicle (for example, a front windshield)
  • the reflective imaging unit 800 provided with a wedge-shaped film and the head-up display shown in FIG. 22 have an anti-ghosting function.
  • the windshield adopts a double-layer glass structure, and a wedge-shaped polyvinyl butyral (PVB) layer is embedded between the two layers of glass by a special process.
  • PVB polyvinyl butyral
  • Windshield which can make the images reflected on the inner and outer surfaces of the glass (that is, the image reflected by the first layer and the image reflected by the second layer) overlap into one image, thereby enabling the head-up display to have ghosting suppression (eg, anti-ghosting) Function.
  • the wedge-shaped film has a thin end and a thick end, and also has a certain angle, and the angle of the wedge-shaped film needs to be set according to the requirements of the head-up display.
  • images reflected from surfaces of the reflective imaging part close to the image source and away from the image source can be superimposed into an image to solve the problem of ghosting.
  • the surface of the reflection imaging part 800 facing the display device may be provided with a selective reflection film, a P polarized light reflection film or a first phase retardation part.
  • a P-polarized reflective film is provided on the surface of the reflective imaging unit 800 facing the display device to reflect the P-polarized light emitted by the display device to the reflective imaging unit 800 , and the P-polarized reflective film is opposite to P
  • the reflectance of the light in the polarization state is greater than the reflectance of the light in the S polarization state.
  • the image light emitted by the display device includes P-polarized light
  • the P-polarized image light can be reflected by the P-polarized reflective film and enter the observation area.
  • the material of the reflective imaging part 800 includes glass
  • the transmittance of glass to P-polarized light is relatively high, and the reflectivity is relatively low.
  • the brightness reflected by the outer surface of the reflective imaging part 800 toward the observation area is very low, thereby eliminating ghost images.
  • the structure of the P polarizing reflective film is similar to that of the selective reflective film mentioned above, and can be realized by stacking multilayer films, which can be a structure formed by stacking organic films or stacking inorganic films.
  • the P-polarized light reflective film may be a reflective polarizer (Reflecting polarizer mirror, RPM), that is, an RPM film.
  • the reflective imaging unit 800 is provided with a first phase delay unit on the surface facing the display device, the light emitted by the display device includes light in an S polarization state, and the first phase delay unit is configured to The S-polarized light of the first phase retarder is converted into non-S-polarized light, such as P-polarized light, circularly polarized light or elliptically polarized light.
  • the image light emitted by the display device includes light in the S polarization state
  • the first phase delay part may be a 1/2 wave plate
  • a part of the light in the S polarization state incident on the first phase delay part may be reflected by the reflective imaging part 800
  • the other part is converted into P-polarized light after passing through the first phase retardation part.
  • the reflectivity of the P-polarized light on the outer inner surface of the reflective imaging part 800 is very low, and it will basically be transmitted, thereby eliminating ghosting. .
  • the image light emitted by the display device includes light in the S polarization state
  • the first phase delay part may be a 1/4 wave plate
  • a part of the light in the S polarization state incident on the first phase delay part may be reflected by the reflective imaging part 800
  • the other part is converted into circularly polarized light after passing through the first phase delay part.
  • the reflectivity of the circularly polarized light on the outer inner surface of the reflective imaging part 800 is very low, thereby eliminating ghosting.
  • the reflective imaging part such as the windshield of a motor vehicle, has a high reflectivity to S-polarized light (S-polarized light), so the light emitted by the display device of the head-up display generally includes S-polarized light.
  • S-polarized light S-polarized light
  • the sunglasses filter S-polarized light, so the driver cannot see the image of the head-up display when wearing the sunglasses.
  • the reflective imaging part of the head-up display when the reflective imaging part of the head-up display is provided with a P-polarized reflective film on the side facing the display device, and the image light emitted by the display device includes light in a P-polarized state, the reflective imaging part can The image light in the P polarization state is reflected to the observation area so that the user wearing sunglasses with both eyes located in the observation area can still see the image displayed by the display device, thereby improving user experience.
  • a second phase delay part such as a quarter-wave plate, is provided between the display device of the head-up display and the reflective imaging part 800 .
  • the above-mentioned second phase retardation part is not closely arranged on the reflective imaging part 800 of the head-up display, that is, there is a certain distance between the second phase delay part and the reflective imaging part 800, so that the light emitted by the display device passes through the second phase After the delay part, after being reflected by the reflective imaging part 800, it will not pass through the second phase delay part again, but directly emit to the observation area.
  • the light emitted by the display device includes light in the S polarization state
  • the second phase retardation unit is configured to convert the light in the S polarization state incident on the second phase retardation unit into light in the circular polarization state (circularly polarized light) or elliptical
  • the light of the polarization state (elliptical polarized light), the circularly polarized light or the elliptical polarized light is reflected by the reflective imaging part 800 and shoots to the observation area.
  • the P polarization state The light enables the user wearing sunglasses whose eyes are located in the observation area to still see the image displayed by the display device, thereby improving user experience.
  • FIG. 23A is an example of a heads-up display provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the reflective imaging unit 800 is provided with a selective reflection film 810 on the surface facing the display device, and the selective reflection film 810 is configured so that the reflectance of the wavelength band of the image light emitted by the display device is greater than that of the wave band other than the image light.
  • the reflectivity of light in the band may be greater than 80%, 90%, 95%, 99.5% or other applicable values.
  • the reflectance of the selective reflection film 810 to light in a wavelength band other than the image light can be less than 30%, 20%, 10%, 5%, 1%, 0.5% or other applicable values.
  • the transmittance of the selective reflection film 810 to the wavelength band of the image light emitted by the display device may be less than 30%, 20%, 10%, 5%, 1%, 0.5% or other applicable values.
  • the transmittance of the selective reflection film 810 to light in a wavelength band other than the image light can be greater than 80%, 90%, 95%, 99.5% or other applicable values.
  • the selective reflection film 810 is configured to reflect the image light emitted by the display device, and to transmit light of a wavelength band other than the wavelength band of the image light.
  • the image light includes light in three bands of red, green and blue (RGB), and the selective reflection film 810 reflects the image light emitted by the display device (for example, with the aforementioned high reflectivity), and transmits light in other wave bands (for example, with aforementioned higher transmittance).
  • RGB red, green and blue
  • the selective reflection film 810 may be a transflective film, which has high reflectivity for narrowband light (with at least one spectral band) and high transmittance for light in other wavelength bands within the visible light band.
  • the full width at half maximum of the bands of the reflectance spectrum may be less than or equal to 60 nm.
  • the full width at half maximum of the bands of the reflectance spectrum may be less than or equal to 30 nm.
  • the full width at half maximum of the bands of the reflectance spectrum may be less than or equal to 10 nm.
  • the emission spectrum of the image light emitted by the display device at least partially matches the properties of the selective reflection film 810 .
  • image rays include narrowband rays (having at least one spectral band).
  • the emission spectrum of the narrowband light partially or fully overlaps with the reflection spectrum of the selective reflection film 810 .
  • the full width at half maximum of the bands of the emission spectrum may be less than or equal to 60 nm.
  • the full width at half maximum of the bands of the emission spectrum may be less than or equal to 30 nm.
  • the full width at half maximum of the bands of the emission spectrum may be less than or equal to 10 nm.
  • the selective reflection film 810 has higher reflectivity (for example, the reflectivity is about 70%-90%) to red light, green light and blue light, and has higher transmittance (for example, The transmittance is about 70% to 90%).
  • the above-mentioned selective reflection film 810 may include a selective transflective film formed by stacking inorganic oxide films or polymer films, and the transflective film is formed by stacking at least two film layers with different refractive indices.
  • the "different refractive index" here means that the film layer has a different refractive index in at least one of the three xyz directions.
  • the composition of the film layer is selected from the group consisting of tantalum pentoxide, titanium dioxide, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, silicon dioxide, magnesium fluoride, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride , one or more of aluminum fluoride.
  • the film layer of organic polymer material includes at least two thermoplastic organic polymer film layers.
  • two thermoplastic polymer film layers are alternately arranged to form an optical film, and the refractive indices of the two thermoplastic polymer film layers are different.
  • the molecules of the above-mentioned organic polymer materials have a chain structure, and the molecules are arranged in a certain direction after stretching, resulting in different refractive indices in different directions, that is, the required film can be formed through a specific stretching process.
  • the above-mentioned thermoplastic polymers can be polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and its derivatives with different degrees of polymerization, polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) and its derivatives with different degrees of polymerization, different degrees of polymerization Degree of polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) and its derivatives.
  • the selective reflection film 810 may have higher reflectivity for narrow-band light with a specific polarization state (having at least one spectral band), and higher reflectivity for light of other wavelength bands in the visible light band and narrow-band light with other polarization states. transmittance.
  • the full width at half maximum of the spectral band of the reflected light may be less than or equal to 60 nm.
  • the specific polarization state may be a vertical polarization state (e.g., S polarization state), and the selective reflection film 810 has a relatively high reflectivity (e.g., a transmittance of about 70 % ⁇ 90%), while it has a higher transmittance (for example, the reflectance is about 70% ⁇ 90%) for light in other wavelength bands and red light, green light and blue light with horizontal polarization state (for example, P polarization state). ).
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto, and the specific polarization state may also be different polarization states such as circular polarization and elliptical polarization.
  • the average reflectance of the selective reflection film 810 within the half-width of at least one of the n bands of s-polarized light is greater than a specific reflectance, such as 50%; for example, greater than 60%, 70%, 80% or 90%, even up to 95% or more; and the average reflectance of the selective reflection film 810 for the visible light bands other than the half-maximum width of the n bands of s-polarized light, compared to the n bands of s-polarized light
  • the average reflectance at half width at half maximum is at least 5% lower, such as 10%, 15%, or even 20% lower.
  • the average transmittance of the selective reflection film 810 for p-polarized light in the visible light range is greater than 60%; for example, greater than 70%, 80% or 90%, even up to 95%.
  • the light source unit 500 inputs narrow-band light to the light guide device 100, and the narrow-band light has a high reflectivity on the transflective element 0110, so that as much light as possible can be coupled out from the light guide device 100.
  • the light coupled out is still narrow-band light, and the narrow-band light is converted into image light after passing through the display panel 600, and is emitted to the reflective imaging part 800.
  • the side of the reflective imaging part 800 facing the display panel 600 is provided with a The reflectivity of the selective reflection film 810, at this time most of the light can be reflected and imaged. At the same time, most of the light in the external ambient light can be transmitted normally, and will not affect the observation of the external environment.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto, and the above-mentioned "transflective film with high reflectivity for the above-mentioned narrow-band light" may also be provided on the side of the reflective imaging part away from the display device, or both sides of the reflective imaging part.
  • the wavelength band of light generated by traffic lights and other similar devices is close to or coincides with the narrow band; because the above-mentioned light is generally non-polarized light, When transmitted through the windshield, only light with a specific polarization state will be reflected and cannot be received, while light with other polarization states can still be transmitted and observed, avoiding the risk of not being able to see traffic signals.
  • the light emitted by the light source unit 500 is white light, which is mixed with red light, blue light and green light
  • the transflective element 0110 of the light guide device 100 can be a transflective film without wavelength selection characteristics, which is the same as the preceding Fig. 1A to Fig.
  • the first transflective element 0110 described in the embodiment of 10B may have the same or similar features, which will not be repeated here.
  • the transflective element 0110 reflects white light mixed with red light, blue light and green light to the display panel 600;
  • the selective reflection film 810 provided on the side of the reflection imaging part 800 facing the display device has the above-mentioned selectivity, and the selective reflection The film 810 may reflect the RGB light having an S polarization state in the light directed thereto by the display device toward the user.
  • FIG. 23B is a head-up display provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the light emitted by the light source unit 500 is a narrow-band light, which can be converted into RGB light in a P-polarized state by the light conversion unit 200 (which can be the light conversion unit 200 shown in FIG. 3A ), so as to improve the light intensity. utilization rate.
  • the converted P-polarized RGB light is coupled into the light guide device 100 and propagates along the total reflection path and/or the non-total reflection path, and is coupled out to the display panel 600 through the transflective element 0110, and passes through the display panel (such as a liquid crystal display panel) 600 Converted into RGB image light with S polarization state, the image light is emitted to the selective reflection film 810 on the side of the reflective imaging part 800 facing the display device, and is reflected by the selective reflection film 810 to human eyes.
  • the S-polarized RGB light will be reflected by the selective reflection film 810 , and the P-polarized RGB light and light in other wavelength bands can be transmitted to human eyes.
  • the image light emitted by the display device includes image light in the S polarization state.
  • the reflective imaging part is a windshield of a vehicle
  • the reflectivity of the image light in the S polarized state on the reflective imaging part is often higher, improving the The overall light utilization rate of the head-up display; the ambient light in the P-polarized state and the light in other bands included in the ambient light can have a high transmittance on the reflective imaging part, and the user can clearly observe the external environment and achieve high reflectivity. High transparency effect.
  • the above-mentioned display device has low power consumption, light and thin volume, is convenient for installation and installation, and improves the experience of using the head-up display.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the head-up display including the above-mentioned display device.
  • the head-up display may also include the light guide device shown in any example in FIG. 1A to FIG.
  • the outgoing light is reflected to the viewing area of the head-up display.
  • the light emitted by the light guiding device can directly be incident on the reflective imaging part without passing through any optical elements or devices, and the light emitted by the light guiding device can also pass through other optical elements (such as mirrors, lenses, etc.) or other devices (such as liquid crystals, etc.) display panel) and then incident to the reflective imaging unit.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the head-up display including the above-mentioned display device.
  • the head-up display may also include the light source device shown in FIG. observation area.
  • the light emitted by the light source device may directly be incident on the reflective imaging part without passing through any optical elements or devices, and the light emitted by the light source device may also pass through other optical elements (such as mirrors, lenses, etc.) or other devices (such as liquid crystal display panels). ) and then incident on the reflective imaging unit.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a light source device.
  • the light source device includes: a light source part for emitting light; and a light guide device, wherein the light emitted by the light source part is configured as a light guide device, wherein the light guide device is any one of the aforementioned light guide devices in the present disclosure.
  • the light source device includes a light source structure and a light guide structure
  • the light source structure is used to emit light
  • the light is the source light
  • the light guide structure includes a light incident area that allows at least part of the light to enter the light guide structure and includes a plurality of light couplers
  • the light guide structure includes The first light guide element and the second light guide element, the light entering the light guide structure is transmitted to the second light guide element through the first light guide element, at least part of the light coupling part is located in the second light guide element, wherein the light guide structure
  • the first light guide element includes a light homogenization part configured to homogenize the light before it is incident on the light outcoupling part, or the multiple light outcoupling parts of the light guide structure include a plurality of light outcoupling parts for partial reflection and partial outcoupling.
  • the orthographic projection of the light source structure on the light guide structure is at least partially within the light guide structure.
  • most of the orthographic projection of the light source structure onto the light guide structure in the direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the plurality of light outcoupling components is located inside the light guide structure, and a small part may also fall outside the light guide structure; or, the light source structure All orthographic projections are within the light guide structure.
  • the light source part is arranged along the extending direction of the thickness of the second light guiding element, and/or, the first light guiding element and the second light guiding element are stacked along the thickness direction of the light guiding structure.
  • the light guide structure is configured such that light incident thereon propagates along a first direction and exits the light guide structure along a second direction intersecting the first direction;
  • the light guide structure may be any type of light guide structure, It may also be called a light guiding structure, a waveguide structure or an optical waveguide structure.
  • the light source device can be used in a display device.
  • a display device including the light source device and an image generating element configured to generate image light using the light emitted by the light source device.
  • the image light obtained after being processed by the image generating element carries image information.
  • the light emitted by the light source device does not carry image information before entering the image generating element for processing, so it is called the source light.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a head-up display system, which includes the above light source device or display device.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a vehicle, which includes the above light source device or display device or head-up display system.
  • the orthographic projection of the light source structure 31 on the light guide structure 32 is at least partially located in the light guide structure 32, wherein the light guide structure 32
  • the light outcoupling direction is the thickness direction of the light source device
  • the direction perpendicular to the light outcoupling direction is the extension direction (such as the width direction or the length direction) of the light source device (the extension direction is an example of the above-mentioned first direction).
  • the width of the light source device is effectively reduced, making the structure of the light source device more compact.
  • the above-mentioned light source device is particularly suitable for application scenarios that require a small thickness of the light source device but require a high width.
  • the light guide structure 32 may include one or more light incident regions, and the light incident regions of the light guide structure 32 may correspond to the middle or end regions of the light guide structure 32 .
  • the light incident area 322 included in the light guide structure 32 corresponds to the middle part of the light guide structure 32, thus, the light enters the light guide structure 32 from the middle part of the light guide structure 32, and passes through the light guide structure. 32 propagates from the middle of the light guiding structure 32 to two opposite end regions of the light guiding structure 32 .
  • the light incident region 322 may be located at the end region of the light guide structure 32 .
  • the light guide structure 32 includes two light incident regions 322, which respectively correspond to the two opposite end regions of the light guide structure 32, thus, the light from the two opposite end portions of the light guide structure 32 respectively The regions enter into the light guiding structure 32 and propagate in the light guiding structure 32 from the end regions towards the middle of the light guiding structure 32 .
  • the light guide structure 32 includes a light incident area corresponding to an end area, thus, light enters the light guide from an end area of the light guide structure 32 structure 32 , and propagates in the light guiding structure 32 to the other end region of the light guiding structure 32 opposite to the end region.
  • the light guide structure 32 may include one or more light outcoupler groups, and each light outcoupler group includes at least two light outcoupler groups arranged in sequence.
  • the at least two optical outcoupling elements are arranged in sequence along the above-mentioned first direction.
  • the at least two light outcoupling component groups are arranged in sequence in a direction perpendicular to the light outcoupling direction.
  • the plurality of light outcoupling elements 321 of the light guide structure 32 comprises a set of light outcoupling elements.
  • the plurality of light outcoupling elements 321 of the light guide structure 32 include the first ones sequentially arranged in the arrangement direction of the plurality of light outcoupling elements.
  • An optocoupler group 3211 and a second optocoupler group 3212 the first optocoupler group 3211 includes a plurality of first optocouplers, and the second optocoupler group 3212 includes a plurality of second optocouplers
  • the light-incoming area 322 of the light guide structure 32 is located between the first light out-coupling group 3211 and the second light out-coupling group 3212 in the arrangement direction of the plurality of light out-coupling parts 321.
  • the light entering the light guide structure 32 from the light region 322 is coupled out by the first light outcoupler group 3211 and the second light outcoupler group 3212 .
  • the first optocoupler group 3211 and the second optocoupler group 3212 are arranged in sequence in a direction perpendicular to the direction of light outcoupling (in the figure, the horizontal direction is taken as an example for illustration), incident to a plurality of first light
  • the light from the outcoupling element propagates in the opposite direction to the light incident on the plurality of second light outcoupling elements in the light guide structure 32, and is coupled out by the first light outcoupler group 3211 and the second light outcoupler group 3212
  • the light is coupled out toward the same side of the light guide structure 32 , which is the light outcoupling side of the light guide structure 32 .
  • the light incident area 322 included in the light guide structure 32 corresponds to the middle part of the light guide structure 32 .
  • the light incident region 322 corresponds to the middle part of the first optical outcoupler group 3211 and the second optical outcoupler group 3212, and the light entering the light guide structure 32 passes through the first optical outcoupler group 3211 and the second optical outgroup group 3211.
  • the transmission distances of the groups 3212 are the same or tend to be the same, and the propagation directions in the light guide structure 32 are opposite.
  • the light guide structure 32 may include a light incident region 322 in the middle (as shown in FIG. 24a, 23b, 25b-25d), or may include two light incident regions located at the end region of the light guide structure 32 .
  • the two light incident areas 322 included in the light guide structure 32 are respectively located on the side away from the middle of the light guide structure 32 on the side of the first light outcoupler group 3211 and the second light outcoupler group 3212.
  • the light enters the light guide structure 32 from two opposite end regions of the light guide structure 32 respectively, and propagates from the end regions to the middle of the light guide structure 32 and is respectively received by the first light coupler group 3211 and the second light coupler Output group 3212 is coupled out.
  • the light output area of the first optical coupler group 3211 is adjacent to the light output area 322 of the second optical coupler group, and there is no gap between them.
  • the light output of the light guide structure 32 can be continuous and/or the uniformity of the light output can be improved. sex.
  • the first optocoupler in the first optocoupler group 3211 to receive light and the first optocoupler in the second optocoupler group 3212 to receive light The ends close to each other included in the second optocoupler are connected to each other (such as abutting against or close to each other), so that continuous light output can be achieved, and in some cases it can be avoided that the light does not directly exit through the optocoupler group and appear Displays the status of the light bars.
  • the first photocoupler that receives light last in the first photocoupler group 3211 and the second photocoupler that receives light last in the second photocoupler group 3212 The close ends of the light outcoupling member are connected to each other (for example, abutting against or close to each other), so as to realize continuous light out, and in some cases avoid the light out area of the light guide structure from including dark areas.
  • the plurality of light outcoupling elements in the light guide structure 32 may include a plurality of transflective elements or a plurality of outcoupling gratings or other types of components for decoupling light from the light guide structure 32 .
  • the following embodiments are described by taking the light outcoupling element including a transflective element as an example.
  • the transflective element partially transmits and partially reflects the light incident thereon, so that part of the light incident thereon is coupled out from the light guide structure 32 and another part continues to propagate in the light guide structure 32 .
  • 24a to 33 illustrate by taking the transflective element to reflect the light incident on it out of the light guide structure 32 as an example; in other examples, the transflective element can couple the light incident on it out of the light guide structure through transmission. 32.
  • the multiple transflective elements included in the light guide structure 32 may be inclined relative to their arrangement direction (the horizontal direction is taken as an example in the figure).
  • each of the multiple transflective elements included in the light guide structure 32 may also be arranged along the arrangement direction of the multiple transflective elements.
  • the transflective element may comprise an adjustment medium for adjusting the reflectivity and/or transmittance of the transflective element.
  • the type of the adjustment medium is in one-to-one correspondence with the transflective elements.
  • different types of adjustment media are provided for different transflective elements; or, the number of types of adjustment media is less than the number of transflective elements.
  • at least two transflective elements comprise the same type of adjustment medium.
  • the light-receiving surfaces of at least two transflective elements are occupied by the adjusting medium, and the light-receiving surfaces include blank areas where the adjusting medium is not provided.
  • the regulating medium may be a single-layer film structure or a stacked structure of multi-layer films.
  • the transflective elements in the light guide structure 32 can be directly placed in a gas (such as air) environment; or, the light guide structure 32 can be Including the light guiding medium 324 , the transflective elements in the light guiding structure 324 may be located in the light guiding structure 324 .
  • the material of the light guide structure 324 includes a transparent optical material with a refractive index greater than 1.
  • the transparent optical material may include at least one or more of silicon dioxide, lithium niobate, silicon-on-insulator (SOI, Silicon-on-insulator), high molecular polymer, III-V semiconductor compound and glass, etc.
  • the shape of the light guide medium can be a flat substrate, a strip substrate, or a ridge substrate.
  • the light in the light guide structure 32 propagates linearly or reflectively in the light guide structure 324 , for example, along the arrangement direction of a plurality of transflective elements.
  • reflective propagation may include total reflective propagation and/or non-total reflective reflective propagation.
  • the light rays may be totally reflected at at least one of the opposing major surfaces of the light guiding structure 324 .
  • the transflective element can be disposed in the light-guiding medium by plating or sticking.
  • a plurality of sub-lightguide media can be used, each sub-lightguide medium in at least part of the sub-lightguide mediums is a column with a parallelogram in cross-section, adjacent sub-lightguide media are spliced together and transparent anti-element.
  • the transflective element can also be arranged in the light guide medium in other ways.
  • the transflective element may be an element with substantially no wavelength selectivity and polarization selectivity, and the wavelength properties and polarization properties of the light emitted by the light source are basically unchanged after being transmitted/reflected by the transflective element.
  • the reflectivity of the multiple transflective elements increases gradually. This is beneficial to achieve uniform light output from the light guide structure 32 .
  • the plurality of light outcoupling elements 321 of the light guide structure 32 may include a plurality of transflective elements with the same tilt direction, and the plurality of transflective elements belong to the same light source. Coupler set. Or, in some other embodiments, as shown in FIG. 24a, FIG. 24b, and FIG. a second transflective element, the arrangement direction of the plurality of first transflective elements and the plurality of second transflective elements relative to the plurality of light outcoupling elements 321 included in the light guide structure 32 (the horizontal direction is taken as an example in the figure) in the opposite direction of inclination.
  • first transflective element and the second transflective element are arranged along the first oblique direction and the second oblique direction respectively, and there is a set angle between the first oblique direction and the second oblique direction, such as an angle of approximately 90° or obtuse angle. "Approximately” can be understood as ignoring the influence of factors such as process errors.
  • the inclination directions of the first transreflective element and the second transreflective element relative to the arrangement direction of the transreflective elements are opposite and the inclination angles are substantially the same.
  • the multiple first transflective elements in the first optical outcoupler group 3211 and the multiple second transflective elements in the second optical outcoupler group are arranged in mirror images.
  • the first transflective element and the second transflective element are arranged symmetrically around the plane where the main optical axis of the light of the light source structure is located.
  • the light in the light source structure 31 can pass through one light source part (as shown in Figure 24a, Figure 25b, Figure 25c, Figure 26a to Figure 33 ) or multiple (as shown in Figure 24b, Figure 25a, Figure 25d) light source parts; and/or, the light emitted by the light source structure 31 can be divided into one or more parts; or a plurality of light incident regions, or satisfy the use of one or more light outcoupling component groups, or be used for polarization conversion of light.
  • the light source structure 31 includes a first light source part, which is configured to emit a first source light, and the first part of the first source light is located in the first light source.
  • At least one first optical outcoupler of the outcoupler set 3211 is located in the optical path, and the second part of the first source light is located in the optical path of at least one second optical outcoupler in the second optical outcoupler set 3212 .
  • the first light source part shown in the figures may include one sub-light source; or, the first light source part may include a plurality of sub-light sources, for example, the The arrangement direction of the plurality of sub-light sources is perpendicular to the light outcoupling direction or perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the plurality of transflective elements.
  • the first light source part includes a sub-light source for emitting the first source light
  • the first source light includes two display areas, and the two display areas can respectively emit the first part of the first source light and the second part; or, for example, the first light source part includes a plurality of sub-light sources, the plurality of sub-light sources can be connected to the same circuit or set independently, some of the sub-light sources are used to emit the first part of the first source light, and the other part of the sub-light sources are used for Emits the second portion of the first source ray.
  • the light source structure 31 includes a first light source part and a second light source part configured to respectively emit the first source light and the second source light in the source light, the first light source
  • the first source light emitted by the second light source part is at least located in the optical path of at least one first optocoupler of the first optocoupler group 3211
  • the second source light emitted by the second light source part is at least located in the second optocoupler group 3212
  • the at least one second optocoupler is located in the optical path.
  • the first light source part and the second light source part respectively include a sub-light source
  • the first light source part and the second light source part respectively include a plurality of sub-light sources
  • the The arrangement direction of the plurality of sub-light sources is perpendicular to the light coupling direction or the arrangement direction of the plurality of transflective elements, and the first light source part and the second light source part use one or more sub-light sources to emit the first source light and the second source light .
  • the source light emitted by one or more light source parts of the light source structure 31, or a part or multiple parts of the source light can be emitted to a Or multiple optocoupler output groups.
  • the light source structure 31 includes a first light source part and a second light source part configured to respectively emit a first source light and a second source light in the source light, the first source light Emitted to the first optical outcoupler group 3211, the second source light is emitted to the second optical outcoupler group 3212; or, for example, as shown in Figure 24a, Figure 25b and Figure 25c, the light source structure 31 includes a first light source part , which is configured to emit a first source light, and the first source light is simultaneously emitted to the first photocoupler group 3211 and the second photocoupler group 3212; or, for example, as shown in FIGS. 26a-33, the light source structure 31 includes a first light source portion, which is configured to emit a first source light, and the first light source light is emitted to an optical coupler group.
  • the first light source unit and the second light source unit may be one or more of a laser light source, an LED light source, and the like.
  • the light source device includes a light recycling device, and the light recycling device is used to recycle part of the light that cannot be used in the source light, Can make full use of light.
  • the light recovery device includes a light splitting structure 34 and a polarization conversion structure 37 .
  • the light splitting structure divides the source light into at least two polarization states, and converts the polarization states of at least part of the light that cannot be used by the display panel into usable polarization states through the polarization conversion structure.
  • the light splitting structure 34 is configured to divide the light incident on the light splitting structure 34 into a first light with a first polarization characteristic and a second light with a second polarization characteristic;
  • the polarization conversion process is performed on the polarization conversion structure to obtain the third light, and the third light is polarized light with the second polarization characteristic.
  • the first light is converted into a third light having a second polarization characteristic, the third light having the same polarization characteristic as the second light.
  • the light with the second polarization characteristic can be utilized, and the first light can be converted into the third light with the second polarization characteristic, which can realize the recycling of the first light.
  • the third light is: the light having the same polarization characteristic as the second light, but having at least one intermediate polarization characteristic during conversion.
  • one of the first polarization characteristic and the second polarization characteristic is an S polarization characteristic and the other is a P polarization characteristic.
  • At least one polarization conversion process is performed on the first light to obtain the third light.
  • the first light undergoes a polarization conversion and is converted into a third light with a second polarization characteristic; or, the first light undergoes two polarization conversions and is converted into a third light with a second polarization characteristic, or the light A greater number of polarization conversions take place to be converted into a third light having a second polarization characteristic.
  • the performance of the polarization conversion structure is different.
  • the polarization conversion structure is at least one or more of a 1/2 wave plate or a 1/4 wave plate.
  • the light splitting structure divides the light into at least two kinds of light with specific polarization.
  • the light splitting structure divides light into S-polarized light and P-polarized light.
  • the light paths of the at least two kinds of polarization characteristics are also different, wherein the polarization conversion structure can be arranged on at least one light path, and convert the polarization state of the light on the light path.
  • the light splitting structure is a polarization beam splitting element (PBS).
  • the polarization beam splitting element is used to divide light into first light and second light with different polarization states.
  • the transmittance of the polarization beam splitting element to the first light is greater than that to the second light.
  • the light transmittance, or the reflectance of the polarization beam splitting element to the first light is smaller than the reflectance to the second light, or is a combination of the above transmittance relationship and reflectance relationship.
  • the polarization conversion structure 37 includes a phase delay element, and the polarization characteristic of the light is changed through the phase delay element; for example, the phase delay element is a 1/2 wave plate or a 1/4 wave plate.
  • the polarization conversion structure further includes a reflective element 35.
  • the reflective element 35 changes the propagation direction of at least one of the light rays, so that the multiple light rays separated by the light splitting structure have the same direction or can be directed to a designated position.
  • the polarization conversion structure 37 is not shown in some drawings in FIGS. 25a-26b, 28a-29, and 31-33, and some drawings only show the polarization conversion structure 37
  • the relationship between the light splitting structure and the polarization conversion structure in the embodiments shown in Figure 25a-Figure 26b, Figure 28a-Figure 29, Figure 31- Figure 33 can be used in Figure 27a to Figure 27d any kind.
  • the polarization conversion structure 37 is disposed on the side of the polarization beam splitting element away from the reflection element 35 .
  • the light source emits non-polarized light
  • the liquid crystal screen 310 can use S-polarized light
  • the transflective element reflects S-polarized light and transmits P-polarized light
  • the polarization beam splitting element can reflect S-polarized light.
  • the S-polarized part of the light emitted by the light source is reflected by the polarization beam splitting element, and the reflected S-polarized light is reflected by the reflective element 35 and then shoots to the light guide structure 32, and the P-polarized part of the light emitted by the light source is polarized
  • the beam-splitting element transmits, passes through the polarization conversion structure 37 and converts it into S-polarized light, and emits it to the light guide structure 32 , and then converts the non-polarized light emitted by the light source into S-polarized light that can be used by the liquid crystal screen 310 .
  • the polarization beam splitting element may be a transflective film coated or pasted on the substrate, which has the characteristics of reflecting S-polarized light and transmitting P-polarized light.
  • the transflective film is one or more of DBEF optical film and BEF optical film.
  • the reflective element 35 may be a common reflective plate; or, it may also be a reflective film coated or pasted on the substrate with the characteristic of reflecting S-polarized light.
  • the reflector is one or more of metal reflectors and glass reflectors; for example, the reflector is any reflective film that can reflect S-polarized light.
  • the polarization conversion structure 37 is a 1/2 wave plate.
  • the reflective element 35 may also have transflective properties, which may be the same as the transflective properties of the polarization beam splitting element.
  • the polarization conversion structure 37 is arranged in close contact with the polarization beam splitting element.
  • the explanation of the bonding arrangement can be as follows: the bonding surface of the polarization conversion structure 37 is arranged on the surface of the polarization beam splitting element, and there is basically no gap between the two.
  • the polarization conversion structure 37 may be arranged in close contact with the polarization beam splitting element through connection methods such as close contact, adsorption or adhesion.
  • the polarization conversion structure 37 may be bonded and fixed on the surface of the polarization beam splitting element.
  • the polarization beam splitting element reflects the light of the P polarization state and transmits the light of the S polarization state
  • the reflective element 35 can reflect the light of the P polarization state.
  • the polarized light, the polarization conversion structure 37 is a 1/2 wave plate, the way of its polarization conversion and optical path direction change is the same as the above-mentioned way that the liquid crystal screen 310 can use the P-polarized light, and will not be repeated here.
  • the polarization conversion structure 37 is disposed on the outgoing path of the light reflected by the reflective element 35 .
  • the light source emits non-polarized light
  • the liquid crystal screen 310 can use the S-polarized light
  • the polarization beam splitting element transmits the S-polarized light and reflects the P-polarized light
  • the reflective element 35 can reflect the P-polarized light.
  • the S-polarized part of the light emitted by the light source is transmitted through the polarization beam splitting element, and the reflected P-polarized light is reflected by the reflective element 35, and after the reflection is processed by the polarization conversion structure 37, it is converted into S-polarized light, which can send out the light source
  • the non-polarized light is converted into S-polarized light available for the liquid crystal screen 310 .
  • Parameters such as performance and material used of each component in the polarization conversion device shown in FIG. 27b are the same as those in the polarization conversion device shown in FIG. 27a , so details will not be repeated here.
  • the polarization conversion structure 37 is disposed between the transflective element and the reflective element 35 .
  • the light source emits non-polarized light
  • the liquid crystal screen 310 can use the S-polarized light.
  • the polarization beam splitting element transmits the S-polarized light and reflects the P-polarized light.
  • the reflective element 35 can reflect the S-polarized light.
  • the S-polarized part of the light emitted by the light source is transmitted by the polarization beam splitting element, and the reflected P-polarized light is processed by the polarization conversion structure 37 and converted into S-polarized light, and then reflected by the reflective element 35, which can convert the non-polarized light emitted by the light source.
  • the polarized light is converted into S polarized light available to the liquid crystal screen 310 .
  • Parameters such as performance and material used of each component in the polarization conversion device shown in FIG. 27c are the same as those in the polarization conversion device shown in FIG. 27a , and will not be repeated here.
  • the polarization conversion structure 37 is arranged on the side of the reflective element 35 close to the transflective element, the light source emits non-polarized light, and the liquid crystal screen 310 can use the light of the S polarization state, and the polarization beam splitting element Reflecting P-polarized light and transmitting S-polarized light, the reflective element 35 is a common reflective element 35, such as an aluminum mirror, which does not have polarized reflection characteristics.
  • the S-polarized part of the light emitted by the light source is transmitted by the polarization beam splitting element, and the transmitted S-polarized light is emitted to the liquid crystal screen 310; the P-polarized part of the light emitted by the light source is reflected by the polarized beam splitting element, and is polarized after reflection.
  • the conversion structure 37 is converted into circularly polarized light after processing, and the circularly polarized light is reflected on the reflective element 35, and the reflected circularly polarized light is converted into S-polarized light by the polarization conversion structure 37 again, which can convert the non-polarized light emitted by the light source It is the S-polarized light available for the liquid crystal screen 310 .
  • the polarization conversion structure 37 is selected as a 1/4 wave plate, and the performance and materials of other components in the polarization conversion device are the same as those shown in Fig. 27a.
  • the components in the polarization conversion device are the same, and will not be repeated here.
  • At least two light rays are obtained after being split by the light splitting structure, and the at least two light rays can enter different optical couplers respectively output group, or the same optocoupler output group, the recycling of light can be realized by using one of the two methods.
  • the light emitted by a light source structure is divided into a first light and a second light, the first light corresponds to the first light coupler group 3211, and the second light corresponds to the second light coupler group 3211 component group 3212, as shown in FIG.
  • the polarization conversion structure converts the first light before entering the first light outcoupling component group 3211 into a third light, or, as shown in FIG. 25c, the polarization conversion structure will be converted by the first
  • the first light coupled out by the optocoupler set 3211 is converted into a third light.
  • the light corresponding to the optical coupler group is explained as follows: after the light enters the light guide structure 32 , it is transmitted and reflected from the corresponding optical coupler group.
  • the first light source part and the second light source part of the light source structure respectively emit the first source light and the second source light
  • the first source light and the second source light are divided into the second source light
  • the first light and the second light, the first light of the first source light is converted by the polarization conversion structure, and the third light and the second light of the first source light are transmitted to the first light out-coupling element group 3211
  • the second source The first light of the light is converted by the polarization conversion structure to obtain the third light and the second light of the second source light are transmitted to the second light outcoupling element group 3212 .
  • the light emitted by a light source structure is divided into first light and second light.
  • the polarization state of the first light or the second light is converted, for example, the first polarization state of the first light is converted into the same polarization state as the second light, and the first light and the second light converted by the deflection state enter an optical coupler Out of group.
  • the light splitting structure and the polarization conversion structure are arranged between the light source part and the light guide structure, the source light emitted by the light source is split and polarized, and then enters the structure behind the light path; and the source light is separated by the light splitting structure and polarized After the conversion structure is processed, it still propagates along the set light output direction.
  • the light splitting structure and the polarization conversion structure can be arranged continuously or discontinuously.
  • the continuous arrangement is: the source light is split and then undergoes polarization conversion
  • the discontinuous arrangement is: the source light can first enter the light guide after being split. The structure then undergoes polarization conversion.
  • the light emitted by the light source structure is processed by the light splitting structure and then polarized Conversion, it should be noted that the above figure does not show the polarization conversion structure 37, the polarization conversion structure 37 is arranged on the optical path of the first light after the light splitting structure, and is used to convert the first light into the third light.
  • the polarization conversion structure 37 is arranged on the optical path after the outcoupling of the first light, for converting the outcoupled first light into a third light, and the polarization conversion structure 37 can be attached to the light guide structure , or, it can also be a setting method that does not fit.
  • the light splitting structure includes at least one light splitting element (such as a polarizing beam splitting element PBS), and the first source light and the second source light are split by the same light splitting element or different light splitting elements processing; and/or the polarization conversion structure comprises at least one polarization conversion element (such as a phase delay element), the first light of the first source light and the first light of the second source light are polarized by the same polarization conversion element or different polarization conversion elements convert.
  • PBS polarizing beam splitting element
  • the polarization conversion structure comprises at least one polarization conversion element (such as a phase delay element), the first light of the first source light and the first light of the second source light are polarized by the same polarization conversion element or different polarization conversion elements convert.
  • the first source light and the second source light correspond to the light splitting structure 34 and the polarization conversion structure respectively; for example, as shown in Figure 25d, the first source light and the second source light correspond to the light splitting structure 34, respectively,
  • the first light or the second light separated by the light splitting structure 34 is reflected by the same reflective element, and the reflected first light or the second light is subjected to polarization conversion by the same polarization conversion structure 37 .
  • the light Before the light enters the light guide structure, the light is reflected/totally reflected multiple times in the homogenizing part, which can improve the uniformity of the light, especially the brightness and darkness of the light.
  • the source light emitted by the light source structure or the split light or the split and polarized light is subjected to at least one homogenization treatment by a light homogenization unit 33, and then enters the light guide structure 32 .
  • Fig. 25a-Fig. 25c Fig. 26a, Fig. 26b, Fig. 28a-Fig.
  • the direction of stacking arrangement or the arrangement direction of a plurality of optical outcoupling elements are arranged sequentially.
  • the homogenizing portion 33 and the plurality of light outcoupling elements are stacked in a direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the plurality of light outcoupling elements.
  • the light homogenizing part 33 includes a first light homogenizing member 331, and the first light homogenizing member 331 and a plurality of light outcoupling members are arranged with a plurality of light outcoupling members.
  • the direction is vertically stacked.
  • the first homogenization element 331 is stacked under the light guide structure 32, and the light emitting side of the first light homogenization element 331 emits the homogenized light, and the light enters the light guide through the light incident area 322 of the light guide structure. structure32.
  • the first light homogenizing element 331 and the plurality of light outcoupling elements are sequentially arranged in the arrangement direction of the plurality of light outcoupling elements.
  • the first homogenizing elements 331 are arranged side by side on one side of the light guide structure 32, and the light emitting side of the first light homogenizing elements 331 emits the homogenized light, and the light passes through the light incident area 322 at the side end of the light guiding structure Enter the light guiding structure 32 .
  • the light dodging part includes a plurality of first light dodging members, and the arrangement manner of the plurality of first light dodging members may refer to the arrangement manner of one first light dodging member.
  • a plurality of first homogenizing elements 331 can be stacked as shown in Figure 26a, or arranged side by side as shown in Figure 26b, or can also be combined with the first homogenizing elements 331 shown in Figure 26b Overlay settings.
  • the light when the homogenization part includes a plurality of first homogenization parts, the light needs to propagate in as many first homogenization parts as possible, so as to increase the number of reflections/total reflections and achieve the homogenization effect of maximization.
  • the ends of a plurality of first light homogenizing elements 331 are arranged at intervals or integrally connected with the head end of the next first light uniform element 331, and the light can be reflected by a reflection structure that is independent or integrally connected with the first light uniform element 331, so that The light enters the next first homogenizing member 331 from one first homogenizing member 331 .
  • the plurality of optocouplers of the light guide structure includes a set of optocouplers, and the set of optocouplers A plurality of light coupling components are arranged in the same direction, and the light guide structure of this structure is provided with a light incident area, and the light only needs to propagate along one direction in the light guide structure.
  • the light incident area is located at the edge of the light incident side of the light guide structure, and the light propagates from one edge to the opposite edge in the light guide structure.
  • a light splitting structure and a polarization conversion structure are arranged on the optical path.
  • the light splitting structure 34 shown in 27d is the same as the polarization structure in terms of structure, light splitting and polarization conversion. After the light is split and polarized, part of the light can be recovered to further improve the light utilization rate.
  • the second light is polarized light having a second polarization characteristic
  • the polarization conversion structure is configured to change the polarization characteristic of the first light so that the first light having the first polarization characteristic is polarized
  • the light splitting structure 34 and the polarization conversion structure are arranged on the light incident side or the light exit side of the first light homogenizing member 331, and After being converted by the polarization conversion structure, the first light propagates toward at least part of the plurality of light outcoupling elements.
  • Fig. 26a-26b Fig. 28a-Fig. 29, Fig. 31-Fig.
  • the light-incident side of the homogenizing element 331 is used to homogenize the separated first light and second light.
  • the light dodging part may include a second light dodging member 332, the number of the second light dodging member 332 is one or more, and the second light dodging member 332 is located on the optical path Between the first light homogenizing element 331 and the light guide structure 32 , the light emitted by the first light homogenizing element 331 enters the second light homogenizing element 332 , is homogenized by the second light homogenizing element 332 , and then enters the light guiding structure 32 .
  • the dodging part 33 includes a first dodging member 331 and a second dodging member 332, and the light is uniformed by the first dodging member 331 and the second dodging member 332 in turn. chemical treatment, and then enter the light guide structure 32.
  • the light splitting structure and the light conversion structure are arranged on the light exit side of the first light homogenizing element 331, and the light emitted by the first light homogenizing element 331 is absorbed by at least one second light homogenizing element.
  • Part 332 performs homogenization.
  • At least the light splitting structure is disposed between the first light homogenizing member 331 and the second light homogenizing member 332 .
  • the light splitting structure and the polarization conversion structure are disposed between the first light homogenizing element 331 and the second light homogenizing element 332 .
  • the light homogenized by the first light homogenizing member 331 is divided into the first light and the second light by the light splitting structure 34, and the second light and the light obtained after the first light is converted by the polarization conversion structure After being homogenized by the second light homogenizing element 332 , the third light propagates toward the side of the light guide structure 32 where the plurality of light outcoupling elements are located.
  • a reflective member 323 is provided on the light output side of the second light homogenizing member 332 , and the reflective member is used to reflect the light emitted by the second light homogenizing element 132 to the side of the light guide structure 32 where multiple light coupling members are located.
  • the positions of the light splitting structure and the light converting structure in FIGS. 28 a - 28 c may be replaced by being located on the light incident side of the first light homogenizing member 331 .
  • the inventors of the present disclosure have found in their research that the light that has been split and polarized converted is homogenized by at least one homogenizer before entering the light guide structure, which can improve the polarization beam splitting element (PBS), wave plate, etc.
  • PBS polarization beam splitting element
  • the second light homogenizing element 332 and a plurality of light outcoupling elements are stacked in a direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the plurality of light outcoupling elements or arranged in multiple
  • the optocoupler outputs are arranged sequentially in the arrangement direction.
  • the second light homogenizing element 332 and the plurality of light outcoupling elements are stacked in a direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the plurality of light outcoupling elements.
  • the first homogenizing elements 331 are also arranged in layers.
  • the second light homogenizing element 332 and the plurality of light coupling elements are sequentially arranged in the arrangement direction of the plurality of light coupling elements. Cascading settings.
  • the arrangement of the second light homogenizing member 332 is not limited to the above two arrangements, and other arrangements can also be adopted.
  • the second light dodging member 332 is arranged obliquely or vertically relative to the first light dodging member 331 and the light guide structure 32 , and this arrangement is especially suitable for situations where the thickness of the light source device is relatively low.
  • multiple second light homogenizing elements there are multiple second light homogenizing elements, and multiple second light homogenizing elements can be stacked in a direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of multiple light coupling elements, or multiple light coupling elements Set in sequence in the arrangement direction of the output pieces, or set in a combination of the two.
  • a plurality of second light dodging elements are stacked, and the end of one second light dodging element is arranged at intervals or integrally connected with the head end of the next second light dodging element.
  • the connected reflective structure is reflected, so that the light enters the next second uniform member 332 from one second uniform member.
  • the light homogenizing element shown in Figure 25a-25c, or the first light uniform element shown in Figure 26a, Figure 26b and Figure 29-33, and the first light uniform element shown in Figure 28a-28c The dodging piece and the second dodging piece are collectively referred to below as the dodging piece.
  • the homogenizing element has a set length along the direction of light propagation. After the light enters the homogenizing element, multiple reflections or total reflections occur within the set length, and the direction of the light is constantly changed to make the light tend to be uniform.
  • the homogenizing member may be a hollow structure, or may also be a solid structure, or some structures capable of realizing light transmission.
  • the optical component After the optical component, it is incident on the first reflective film 333 or the second reflective film 334, and the light reflected by the first reflective film 333 or the second reflective film 334 travels a certain distance, and then enters the second reflective film 334 or the first reflective film 334 or the first reflective film 334.
  • the light On the reflective film 333 , the light is reflected/totally reflected and transmitted in the first homogenizing member and the second homogenizing member in this way, so that uniform light can be realized.
  • the medium in the light transmission space is air, or, for example, an optical filling layer is formed between the first reflection film 333 and the second reflection film 334, and light propagates in the optical filling layer; for example, the material of the optical filling layer is transparent One or more of glass, transparent plastic, etc.
  • the homogenizing element 331 includes a transparent optical medium in which light propagates.
  • a transparent optical medium is a transparent substrate with a refractive index greater than one.
  • the light homogenizing element shown in Figure 25a to Figure 25c, or the first light uniform element shown in Figure 26a, Figure 26b and Figure 29-33, and the first light uniform element shown in Figure 28a-28c A dodging piece and a second dodging piece.
  • the oblique setting of the first reflective film 333 and the second reflective film 334 in the first light uniform member 331 gradually increases the transmission space of the first light uniform member 331 along the direction of light propagation; for example, as shown in Figures 25a-25c, Figure 26a, Figure 26b, Figure 28b, Figure 28c and Figures 29-33, the first reflection film 333 and the second reflection film 334 of the uniform light element are arranged in parallel, along the light propagation direction, The transmission space of the first light homogenizing element 331 remains unchanged.
  • the light is set as a light with a non-zero preset divergence angle.
  • the uniformity (especially the uniformity of light and shade) will increase accordingly, which in turn can improve the uniformity of the backlight.
  • the range of the preset divergence angle is (0,20]; and/or, the preset divergence angle is greater than or equal to that between the opposite main reflection surfaces (such as the first reflective film 333 and the second reflective film 334) of the uniform light element
  • the non-zero included angle of at least one of the light incident side, the light exit side and the middle side of the dodging member, or the relative main reflection surface of the dodging member is parallel.
  • the divergence angle of the light, or the divergence angle and the two of the dodging member The angle between the two main surfaces is limited to ensure that the light will be reflected/totally reflected in the dodging member, thereby ensuring the dodging effect.
  • Fig. 25a-Fig. 25c Fig. 26a, Fig. 26b, Fig. 28a-Fig.
  • the emitted light is concentrated and then incident into the light guide structure. By concentrating this part of the light, the divergence and waste of light can be reduced and the utilization rate of light can be improved.
  • the light concentrating part is arranged in the light incident area of the light guide structure; for example, the light concentrating part can be connected with the light guide structure or the light homogenizing structure, or can be arranged independently.
  • the light emitted from the light emitting side of the first light homogenizing element 331 travels to the plurality of light coupling elements of the light guide structure 32 after being condensed by the light concentrating part 36 .
  • the light collecting part 36 may be a single lens, or a lens group in which a plurality of lenses are stacked in the direction of the optical path, and the light is collected by the lens or the lens group.
  • At least one lens in the lens or the lens group is selected from an eccentric lens, and the focal point of the eccentric lens is located on the side of the center line of the eccentric lens close to the center of the light guide structure 32. More light enters the light guide structure, which can improve the utilization rate of light.
  • the direction of the light emitted from the light emitting side of the light dodging element is perpendicular to the side where the light incident area of the light guide structure is located, and this part of the light can directly enter the light guide structure from the light incident area.
  • the light output direction of the light output side of the first light uniform member 331 is perpendicular to the light incident area 322 of the light guide structure 32. After the light is emitted by the first light uniform member 331, the direction of the light meets the incident adjustment, and can be directly Enter the light guide structure 32 from the light incident region.
  • the light direction emitted from the light-emitting side of the dodging member is in the same direction as the entrance of the light guide structure.
  • the side where the light area is located is arranged in parallel, and this part of light can enter the light guide structure only after at least one step of reflection.
  • a reflective member 323 is provided on the light emitting side of the light homogenizing member, and the reflective member 323 is configured to make the light emitted from the light emitting side propagate toward the side of the light guide structure 32 where the plurality of light outcoupling members are located.
  • the reflector 323 is a prism, and the light is reflected by the prism to the side where the light incident area 322 of the light guide structure 32 is located; Aggregation can improve light utilization.
  • the prism uses a triangular prism, which can totally reflect the light propagating from the light exit side of the first light homogenizing member 331 to the light guide structure 32 .
  • the reflective member 323 is integrally formed with at least part of the first uniform member 331 .
  • a transparent optical medium such as a transparent substrate
  • a reflective mirror surface can be selected as the reflective member 323 , and the reflective mirror surface can be bonded or integrally formed with the transparent optical medium.
  • the end of one of the main planes (ie, the reflective surface) of the first light homogenizing element 331 includes a horizontal extension and an inclined portion, and the inclined portion can be regarded as the reflecting element 323 .
  • the light emitting side of the light homogenizing element and the light guide structure may be arranged at intervals, or may be integrally connected.
  • the light homogenizing element 33 and the light guide structure 32 are arranged at intervals, as shown in Figures 28a, 28b and 29, between the first light homogenizing element 331 or the second light uniform element 332 and the light guiding structure 32 Arranged at intervals; for example, as shown in FIG. 30 , the light emitting side of the first light homogenizing member 331 is integrally connected with the light guide structure 32 .
  • the integrated connection is realized through a structure with a turn, and the use of an integrated structure can reduce the manufacturing process of the light guide structure 32 and the first light uniform member 331.
  • it can be molded by a set of moulds, and the integrated structure It can also reduce the difficulty of supporting the light guide structure 32 and the first light homogenizing member 331 , or the number of brackets used can also be reduced.
  • At least one reflector 323 is provided in the turning structure for reflecting the light emitted by the first homogenizing member 331 into the light guide structure 32, for example, as shown in FIG. The 323 reflect the light twice by the optical member, and emit the light into the light guide structure 32 .
  • each of at least some of the optocouplers partially transmits the light incident to the optocoupler so that the transmitted The light is transmitted to the next optocoupler; among multiple optocouplers, for example, the transmittance of the first optocoupler to receive light is less than its reflectivity, so as to provide sufficient light to the following Transflective treatment is performed on the output parts of the first-grade optocoupler.
  • the display device 300 includes an image generating unit, and the light emitted by the light source device 30 is converted into image light by the image generating unit.
  • an image generating unit is arranged on the optical path of the light emitted by the light guide structure 32, for example, the image generating unit is a liquid crystal screen, and the light emitted by the light source device 30 can be converted by the liquid crystal screen 310 into Image light.
  • the light outcoupling element in the light guide structure is used to receive and outcouple the elementary light, and the outcoupled light is directed to the liquid crystal screen.
  • the optical coupling part is a transflective element, and the transmittance of the first transflective element that receives light in the light guide structure needs to be limited to avoid or reduce the transmission of too much light, resulting in bright bars on the LCD screen, or , reflecting too much light, resulting in dark areas on the LCD screen.
  • the first transflective element is set as an element with a limited transmittance, and the transmittance needs to meet the following conditions:
  • the brightness of the outcoupled light is the same or close, and the brightness of the outcoupled light is uniform to avoid local over-brightness or over-darkness.
  • the liquid crystal screen 310 can cover the area where the first transflective element is located in the light guide structure 32 .
  • At least one light converging element 320 and/or diffusing element 330 may be disposed between the light guide structure and the liquid crystal screen.
  • the light converging element 320 can gather the collimated light output by the light guide structure 32 to a required range, gather the light, and improve the light utilization rate; the light diffusing element 330 can diffuse the light, wherein the main propagation direction of the light remains unchanged, so The light will still gather to the predetermined range, however, after the light passes through the diffusing element 330, it will be further diffused to a larger area along the predetermined range, which can expand the visible range.
  • the display device 300 includes a light converging element 320 and a diffusing element 330; the light emitted by the light source device 30 is sequentially processed by the light converging element 320 and the diffusing element 330, then transmitted to the image generating unit, and After passing through the image generation unit, it is converted into image light.
  • the light condensing element 320 is a condensing lens, which can be a single lens or a combination of multiple lenses.
  • the lens is one or more of a convex lens, a Fresnel lens, and the like.
  • the light diffusing element 330 can be a diffractive optical element, such as a beam shaper (beam shaper). After the light passes through the beam shaper, it will diffuse and form a beam with a specific cross-sectional shape.
  • the cross-sectional shape includes but is not limited to linear, circular, Oval, square or rectangular; by controlling the microstructure of the diffractive optical element, the diffusion angle and cross-sectional shape of the light can be precisely controlled to achieve precise control of the diffusion effect; in addition, for example, the light diffusing element 330 can also be a scattering optical element , such as diffusion film, etc.
  • the display device and the imaging window are combined to form a head-up display system.
  • the head-up display system can form a virtual image of image light outside the imaging window according to the principle of mirror imaging.
  • the imaging window 410 is configured to reflect the image light emitted by the display device 300 to the eye box area 420 of the head-up display system 400, and what the user observes is the virtual image 430 formed outside the imaging window 410, while not Affect the observation of the external environment.
  • the predetermined range where the light condensing element 320 gathers the light can be the center of the eye box area 420
  • the position of the virtual image 430 relative to the imaging window 410 can be the center of the eye box area 420.
  • the imaging window 410 can transmit and reflect light, and is made of materials that can transmit light and reflect light.
  • the imaging window 410 is a windshield or a transparent imaging plate, for example, the windshield is a windshield, for example, the transparent imaging plate is transparent glass or transparent plastic.
  • W-HUD windshield-HUD
  • C-HUD head-up display system
  • the imaging window 410 may be a flat plate, or may also be a curved plate.
  • a head-up display system is provided within the vehicle, with the eye-box area 420 of the head-up display system positioned near the location of the user's eyes.
  • the user When the user is driving a vehicle, he can observe static or dynamic information on the virtual image 430 in the head-up display system 400 .
  • a front windshield, a side window, or an independently provided transparent imaging plate of a vehicle is used as an imaging window.
  • a vehicle such as a vehicle, a train, or a tram
  • the inventors of the present disclosure found in research that when the head-up display system (HUD) projects an image onto an imaging window such as a windshield of a vehicle, the imaging window needs to have a higher reflectivity to improve the brightness of reflection imaging; and, the imaging The window also needs to have a high transmittance, so that the user can clearly see the environment outside the vehicle.
  • reflectivity and transmittance are generally in a trade-off relationship, and the imaging window in the related art is often difficult to take into account; in the related art, there is a technical solution to improve the brightness of HUD reflection imaging by increasing the display brightness of the image source of the HUD.
  • the image source of HUD such as liquid crystal display
  • the image source of HUD usually has a thicker backlight source, which is not conducive to the reduction of HUD volume, and also limits the further popularization and application of HUD.
  • the display system includes: an image source configured to emit image light including at least one spectral band in the visible light band.
  • the image source includes a light guide device and an image generation device, the light guide device includes an optical coupling part configured to couple out the light in the light guide device, and the image generation device is configured to couple the light out of the light coupling part
  • the rays of light are converted into image rays.
  • the imaging device is configured to reflect the image light.
  • the imaging device includes a transparent substrate and a selective transflective element arranged on at least one surface of the transparent substrate. The selective transflective element is configured to reflect at least part of the image light. greater than the reflectance of light in the visible light band other than the image light, and/or, the transmittance of at least part of the image light is smaller than the transmittance of light in the visible light band other than the image light.
  • FIG. 34 is a schematic structural diagram of a display system provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, for example, it may be a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram.
  • the image source 90 includes a light guide device 91 and an image generating device 92
  • the light guide device 91 includes an optical coupling part 911
  • the optical coupling part 911 is configured to couple out the light in the light guide device 91
  • the light outcoupling part 911 includes a plurality of transflective elements 9111 as an example for illustration.
  • the transmitted light is coupled out, for example, the light coupled out of the light guiding device 91 can directly shoot to the image generating device 92, as shown in Figure 34; or, the light coupled out of the light guiding device 91 can also be transmitted to Image generating means 92 .
  • the image generating device 92 converts the incident light into image light Ls, and the image light Ls travels to the imaging device 20 and is reflected.
  • the imaging device 20 reflects the image light Ls to the preset area A (for example, the preset area A may be the eye box area mentioned later), and the user whose eyes are located in the preset area A can see the image light Ls passing through
  • the formed virtual image V is reflected by the imaging device 20 .
  • the light guide device 91 can be a waveguide device (the light propagates in the device with a total reflection path, as shown in Figure 34); it can also be a light guide plate, such as the light travels in a linear direction as a whole in the device; for example, the light guide device 91 may be a plate structure, or a ridge structure or a strip structure; in at least one example of the present disclosure, the light guide device 91 is a plate structure, and the light guide device 91 of the plate structure can couple out a relatively uniform As a light source, a surface light source is more suitable for providing backlight for the image generating device 92 . By setting the light guide device 91, the light propagates and is coupled out in the thinner light guide device 91. Compared with the thicker devices such as light tunnels used in the related art, the thickness of the image source 90 can be reduced, thereby reducing the The volume of the display system improves the user experience of the display system.
  • the light coupled out by the light guiding device 91 may be collimated light; for example, the collimated light is parallel or nearly parallel light, and generally has a divergence angle not greater than 30°; for example, the consistency of the collimated light is better,
  • the conversion rate of the image light converted by the image generating device 92 is relatively high, which can improve the utilization rate of the light.
  • the collimated light is perpendicular to the light exit area of the light guide device 91 (eg, the upper light exit surface); for example, the angle between the collimated light and the normal of the light exit area of the light guide device 91 is no greater than 80°.
  • the image generating device 92 may be a reflective imaging device or a transmissive imaging device, which forms the image light Ls by reflecting or transmitting light; for example, the image generating device 92 includes a liquid crystal display panel, which may be a transmissive liquid crystal display panel or a reflective LCD panel.
  • the liquid crystal display panel may include an array substrate, an opposite substrate, a liquid crystal layer located between the array substrate and the opposite substrate, and a sealant for encapsulating the liquid crystal layer.
  • the liquid crystal display panel further includes a first polarizing layer disposed on a side of the array substrate away from the opposite substrate and a second polarizing layer disposed on a side of the opposite substrate away from the array substrate.
  • the light guiding device 91 is configured to provide backlight to the liquid crystal display panel, and the backlight is transformed into image light Ls after passing through the liquid crystal display panel.
  • the image source 90 emits image light Ls that includes at least one spectral band in the visible light band.
  • the image light Ls may include one or more spectral bands in the visible light band. It can also be considered that the image light Ls includes one or more spectral bands in the visible light band. an emission peak.
  • the image light Ls includes a band in the visible light band, and it can be considered that the image light Ls is a monochromatic light, which can form a monochrome image; for another example, the image light Ls includes multiple bands in the visible light band, such as three spectral bands.
  • the image light Ls can be regarded as a colored light, which can form a color image.
  • the imaging device 20 includes a transparent substrate 21 and a selective transflective element 22 arranged on at least one surface of the transparent substrate 21; for example, as shown in FIG.
  • the selective transflective element 22 can cover part of the surface of the transparent substrate 21 , as shown in FIG. 34 ; or, it can also cover the entire surface of the transparent substrate 21 .
  • the selective transflective element 22 can maintain a certain distance from the transparent substrate 21, and can also be closely attached to the transparent substrate 21 by means of plating, sticking or spraying; in the drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure, The selective transflective element 22 is attached to the surface of the transparent substrate 21 close to the image source 90 as an example for illustration, but this should not be construed as a limitation to the present disclosure.
  • the selective transflective element 22 can be an optical film, for example, the optical film can be composed of multiple layers with different refractive indices according to a certain stacking sequence, and the thickness of each film layer is about 10-1000 nm;
  • the material of the film layer can be selected from inorganic dielectric materials, such as at least one of metal oxides, inorganic fluorides, metal oxynitrides and metal nitrides; polymer materials can also be selected, such as polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride and at least one of polyethylene.
  • the transparent substrate 21 can be selected from at least one of transparent materials such as polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polymethyl methacrylate, glass and quartz, or it can be transparent and transparent.
  • transparent materials such as polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polymethyl methacrylate, glass and quartz, or it can be transparent and transparent.
  • the transparent substrate 21 can change color in a strong light environment to reduce the intensity of ambient light.
  • the selective transflective element 22 is configured such that the reflectivity of at least part of the image light Ls is greater than the reflectivity of visible light rays Le other than the image light Ls, and/or the transmittance of at least part of the image light Ls is smaller than that of The transmittance of visible light rays Le other than image light Ls.
  • external light includes full-band light such as ultraviolet light, visible light, and infrared light, such as sunlight, or light emitted/reflected by external objects such as vehicles and buildings.
  • the light that can be recognized by the user is generally the light in the visible light band, so the light Le in the visible light band in the external light is used to indicate the external light.
  • the light La refers to the light in the visible light band other than the image light Ls.
  • at least part of the image light can be regarded as almost all of the image light Ls, or part of the image light Ls, such as 60%, 70%, 80% or 90% of the image light Ls.
  • the reflectivity of at least part of the image light Ls of the selective transflective element 22 is 20% to 99%; for example, it can be 60%, 70%, 80% or 90%, or even greater than 95%; the selective transflective The transmittance of the element 22 to the light La is 20%-99%; for example, it can be 60%, 70%, 80% or 90%, even greater than 95%.
  • the reflectivity of the selective transflective element 22 to the light Ls is 60%, and the reflectivity to the light La is 40%; and/or, the transmittance of the selective transflective element 22 to the light Ls is 30%, and The transmittance to light La is 70%.
  • the selective transflective element 22 may have an average reflectance of 20% to 99% for at least one spectral band in the image light Ls, and may also be considered as a reflectance for each spectral band in at least one spectral band in the image light Ls.
  • the transmittance of the selective transflective element 22 to the light La other than the image light in the visible light band is 20% to 99%, which may be the reflectance of the wavelength band where the light La is located.
  • the average value is 20%-99%, and it can also be considered that the transmittance of the part of the wavelength band of the light La is 20%-99%.
  • the image light Ls is reflected as much as possible, so as to improve the brightness of the virtual image V formed by reflection. ; Moreover, the external ambient light is transmitted as much as possible, so that the user can clearly see the external environment, achieving the effect of "high reflection and high transparency", and also reducing the power consumption requirements for the image source; and, using light guide
  • the device 91 provides light for the image source 90, reduces the thickness of the image source 90, and improves the practicability and user experience of the display system.
  • the image light Ls includes at least three spectral bands in the visible light band, and the half-width of the spectral bands is not greater than 60 nm.
  • the half width of the band is not greater than 50 nm, 30 nm, 15 nm or 5 nm.
  • the three spectral bands respectively correspond to the blue light band, the green light band and the red light band in the visible light band.
  • the peak positions of at least three bands are respectively located in the ranges of 410nm-480nm, 500nm-570nm and 590nm-690nm.
  • the three spectral bands included in the image light correspond to the blue light band, the green light band and the red light band in the visible light band respectively, and the half-maximum width of the band is 20nm; the reflectivity of the selective transflective element 22 to the image light Ls Taking 70% as an example and the transmittance of light La as 70%, the display system provided by any embodiment of the present application will be explained.
  • the image source 90 further includes a light source device 93 configured to emit light including at least one spectral band in the visible light band, and in the visible light band The light including at least one spectral band propagates to the light guiding device 91 .
  • the light of at least one spectral band includes light of one spectral band, for example, the light emitted by the light source device 93 has a wavelength band of 550nm-600nm; or, for example, the light of at least one spectral band includes light of multiple spectral bands, for example
  • the light emitted by the light source device 93 includes three spectral bands (for example, three spectral bands corresponding to red light, green light and blue light).
  • rays from one band can form monochromatic image rays
  • rays from multiple bands can form polychromatic image rays.
  • the light emitted by the light source device 93 may have other light rays in the visible light band besides the above-mentioned light having at least one band in the visible light range, for example, light rays close to or coincident with the wavelength band of the light La; for example, The light emitted by the light source device 93 may have distributed wavelength bands in the range of visible light.
  • the light source device 93 may include at least one white LED that uses blue light to excite phosphor powder, and its emission spectrum includes almost the entire visible light band. After the light passes through the image generating device 92, it will be converted into image light Ls. The color chip will be transformed into image light Ls having at least one spectral band.
  • the light source device 93 includes a non-sequential light source, and it can be considered that the light emitted by the light source device 93 at different times is the same or has little difference.
  • the light emitted by the light source device 93 after being turned on may always include the above-mentioned light having at least one band in the visible light range.
  • the light source device 93 includes a sequential light source, and the light source device 93 alternately emits light of different colors in a sequential manner, such as light corresponding to different spectral bands in the above-mentioned at least one spectral band; for example, the light source device 93 alternately emits red light in a sequential manner , green light, and blue light, it can be considered that the light emitted by the light source device 93 is different at different times; Form blue, green and red monochrome images, because of its fast refresh rate (for example, 24Hz exceeding the resolution limit of the human eye), through the persistence of vision of the human eye, a color image is formed in the senses.
  • the fast refresh rate for example, 24Hz exceeding the resolution limit of the human eye
  • the liquid crystal display panel does not need to be provided with a color filter, which can reduce or avoid the waste caused by light being absorbed by the color filter, and can greatly improve the utilization rate of light.
  • the light source device 93 can be arranged on the side of the light guide device 91, and the light is introduced into the light guide device 91 in the way of side incident light, the thickness of the image source 90 is smaller, and the volume is lighter; or, the light source device 93 can also be arranged on The bottom of the light guiding device 91 directs the light into the light guiding device 91 in a direct-down manner, and the image source 90 takes up less space perpendicular to the light emitting direction.
  • the light source device 93 is disposed on the side of the light guide device 91 as an example for explanation.
  • Fig. 35a and Fig. 35b respectively show partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagrams of the display system in two different implementation manners.
  • the light source device 93 can be arranged at least on the side of the light guide device 91 in the x direction in the figure, for example, it can be the side away from the user (for example, the user viewing angle is The light guide device 91 is close to the side of the windshield), as shown in Figure 35a; or, the light source device 93 can be arranged at least on the side of the light guide device 91 in the y direction in the figure, such as a side close to the co-pilot position side (for example, when the user is the driver, the side where the light guide device 91 is close to or close to the co-driver's position from the viewing angle), as shown in Figure 35b; for example, the light source device 93 can be set in different positions according to different usage environments , which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the light source device 93 includes at least one light source 931, for example, the light source 931 can be a point light source, a line light source or a surface light source.
  • the light source 931 can be a point light source, a line light source or a surface light source.
  • FIG. 36a and FIG. 36b show a schematic diagram of a light source device including a light source 931 .
  • the light source 931 can be a line light source such as a light strip or a light bar. Faceted backlight.
  • the light source 931 can be a single point light source (such as an LED light source or a laser light source), and it is necessary to expand the light source 931 through a beam expander (for example, along the x direction in Figure 36b), and the beam expander can be It is at least one of grating, transflective film and scattering dots.
  • Figure 36b takes a light source 931 installed in the lower left corner as an example. The light emitted by the light source 931 can be extended along the x direction to form a line light source, and then the line light source can be coupled out by the optical coupling part 911 to become a surface light source.
  • Fig. 36a, Fig. 36b and Fig. 36c can be regarded as top views of partial cross-sectional structures of different implementations of the image source 90 in the embodiment shown in Fig. 35b.
  • the above-mentioned at least one light source 931 can be an electroluminescent element, and the electroluminescent element generates light through electric field excitation, including but not limited to including but not limited to light emitting diode (Light Emitting Diode, LED), organic light emitting diode (Organic Light-Emitting Diode, OLED), Mini LED (Mini LED), Micro LED (Micro LED), Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamp (Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamp, CCFL), LED Cold Light Source (Cold LED Light, CLL), Electroluminescence (Electro Luminescent, EL), electron emission (Field Emission Display, FED) or quantum dot light source (Quantum Dot, QD), etc.
  • light emitting diode Light Emitting Diode, LED
  • organic light emitting diode Organic Light-Emitting Diode, OLED
  • Mini LED Mini LED
  • Micro LED Micro LED
  • Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamp Cold Catho
  • At least one light source 931 includes a first color light source, a second color light source and a third color light source, and the first color light source, the second color light source and the third color light source are configured to emit light according to a preset timing or to emit light simultaneously .
  • the first color, the second color and the third color can correspond to any color light in the visible light band; for example, the first color, the second color and the third color can be RGB three-color light; for example, the above-mentioned at least one light source 931 can be A monochromatic light source that emits light of different wavelengths, so that the light source device 93 as a whole emits light with at least one band in the visible light range;
  • the three bands of 540nm ⁇ 10nm (green light) and 450nm ⁇ 10nm (blue light) for example, can be monochromatic light-emitting diode (LED) light sources, including but not limited to red LED, green LED, blue LED, green LED,
  • LED monochromatic light-emitting diode
  • gallium arsenide diodes emit red spectral bands
  • gallium phosphide diodes emit green spectral bands
  • silicon carbide diodes emit yellow spectral bands
  • gallium nitride diodes emit blue
  • the above-mentioned first color light source, second color light source and third color light source are configured to emit light according to a preset timing or configured to emit light at the same time, and the process is similar to the above embodiment; for example, red light, green light and blue light are emitted
  • the three light sources emit light at the same time; for example, the three light sources that emit red light, green light, and blue light emit light sequentially in sequence, which can be used with LCD panels without color filters, and the light utilization rate is higher.
  • At least one light source 931 includes one light source 931 extending along the first direction or includes a plurality of light sources 931 arranged in sequence along the first direction, and the first direction is relative to the lower edge of the imaging device 20.
  • the direction of extension is oblique or vertical.
  • Fig. 37a and Fig. 37b are illustrated by taking at least one light source including a plurality of light sources 931 arranged in sequence along the first direction as an example.
  • Fig. 37a and Fig. 37b can be regarded as different implementations of the image source 90 in the embodiment shown in Fig. 35b
  • the first direction may be the x direction shown in the figure; for example, the first direction may be an oblique direction having an included angle with the x direction in the figure.
  • the extension direction of the lower edge of the imaging device 20 is generally the y direction, for example, it may be the extension direction of the lower edge of the windshield of the vehicle (for example, along the main driver-passenger driver direction); for example, the first direction may be a direction perpendicular to or inclined to the extending direction of the lower edge of the windshield of the vehicle.
  • the image source 90 when the display system is applied to a vehicle, the image source 90 can be arranged at the console of the vehicle, and the space of the console is generally narrow in the x direction (such as the direction of travel), and the light source device 93 can be arranged on the light guide device 91 at the One or both sides in the y direction can reduce the space occupied by the image source 90 .
  • At least one light source 931 includes one light source 931 extending along the second direction or includes a plurality of light sources 931 arranged in sequence along the second direction, and the second direction and the first direction are all located on the same plane And not parallel.
  • Fig. 38a and Fig. 38b are illustrated by taking at least one light source including a plurality of light sources 931 arranged in sequence along the second direction as an example.
  • Fig. 38a and Fig. 38b can be considered as different implementations of the image source 90 in the embodiment shown in Fig. 35a The top view of the partial cross-sectional structure of the way.
  • the first direction and the second direction may be located at the plane where the light guiding device 91 or the image generating device 92 is located, such as the direction in which the long side and the short side of the rectangular light guiding device 91 or the image generating device 92 extend; for example,
  • the first direction is not parallel to the second direction; for example, the first direction and the second direction have an intersection.
  • the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.
  • the second direction may be parallel or inclined to the extension direction of the bottom edge of the imaging device 20 but not parallel to the first direction, for example, the second direction is parallel to or inclined to the windshield of the vehicle
  • the lower edge of the window is perpendicular to the first direction.
  • the image source 90 can be arranged at the console of the vehicle.
  • the image source 90 is a rectangle, and the size in the y direction (for example, along the extension direction of the driver-co-driver) is relatively large.
  • more light sources 931 can be arranged on one side or both sides of the light guiding device 91, which can improve the brightness and display effect of the display system.
  • At least one light source 931 does not overlap with the light guiding device 91 .
  • the light output direction of the light guide device 91 may be a direction perpendicular to the plane where xy is located in the figure; in this direction, at least one The light source 931 does not overlap with the light guide device 91, and at least one light source 931 is arranged on the side of the light guide device 91, such as at least one side (such as one side, two sides or four sides) of the light guide device 91 as the light guide device 91 provides light, which is beneficial to reduce the thickness of the image source 90 (for example, the thickness along the light emitting direction of the light guide device 91), realizes the light and thin design of the image source 90, and improves the user experience of the display system.
  • the light outcoupling part 911 includes a plurality of transflective elements 9111, and the light passes through one of reflection and transmission of the transflective elements 9111 in the light guide device 91. The one propagates through the transreflective element 9111 and the other one of reflection and transmission emerges. Along the propagation direction of the light, the reflectivity of the plurality of transflective elements 9111 gradually increases; or, the light outcoupling part 911 includes at least one grating, The grating is configured to couple out of the light guide 91 a portion of the light rays propagating to the grating.
  • the light guiding device 91 can make the light incident on the light guiding device 91 mainly transmit along a certain direction as a whole, which can propagate along a total reflection path, as shown in FIG. 39 a ; or, it can also propagate along a straight line.
  • Figure 39b for example, the direction from left to right in Figure 39a and Figure 39b can be considered as the main direction of light propagation. is the "direction of light propagation".
  • a plurality of transflective elements 9111 are arranged along the light propagation direction, and each transflective element 9111 can emit at least part of the light incident on it through reflection, and the transmitted light continues to propagate; or , the transflective element 9111 can also be arranged on the light exit side of the light guide device 91 (for example, at the light exit surface), for example, the transflective element 9111 can include scattering dots, and the scattering dots can transmit at least part of the incident light to it through transmission, reflection light continues to propagate.
  • the transflective element 9111 is arranged inside the light guide device 91 , and the light propagates in the form of transmission and exits in the form of reflection as an example for explanation.
  • two adjacent transflective elements 9111 may at least partially overlap.
  • the projections of two adjacent transflective elements 9111 overlap at least partially; or, along the outcoupling direction of the light (such as the light direction along the z direction in Fig. 39a and Fig. 39b), the adjacent two transflective elements 9111 can be connected at least.
  • projections of two adjacent transflective elements 9111 are at least partially connected.
  • the reflectivity of the multiple transflective elements 9111 arranged in sequence along the light propagation direction tends to increase gradually, and/or the transmittance tends to decrease gradually.
  • the reflectivity of each transflective element 9111 is different from each other, and the reflectivity of the next transflective element 9111 along the light propagation direction is larger.
  • a plurality of transflective elements 9111 can be grouped, and each group contains at least one transflective element 9111.
  • the reflectivity of the transflective elements 9111 in each group can be the same, and the reflectivity between each group can be different, and gradually increase along the direction of light propagation.
  • the reflectivity of the last transreflective element 9111 along the light propagation direction is greater than the reflectivity of each other transreflective element 9111, so that the light can be reflected out of the light guide device 91 as much as possible; for example, the last transreflective element
  • the reflectivity can be 80%, 85%, 90%, 95% or 100%.
  • the reflectivity of the transflective element 9111 By setting the reflectivity of the transflective element 9111 to gradually increase, it can be increased one by one, or it can be gradually increased regionally (for example, the reflectivity of the transflective element in each sub-region can be the same, gradually decrease, gradually increase, or Random distribution) can make the luminous intensity of light coupled out by different transflective elements 9111 basically the same or close, for example, the difference in luminous intensity of light coupled out by any two transflective elements is within 15%.
  • the transflective element 9111 may be a transflective element with almost no selectivity to light, for example, there is almost no difference in the optical characteristics (such as wavelength characteristics and/or polarization characteristics) of the light transmitted and reflected by it; or, the transflective element 9111 may also Can be wavelength selective and/or polarization selective, where the wavelength and/or polarization characteristics of reflected and transmitted light differ.
  • the transflective element 9111 may have a material and structure similar to that of the above-mentioned selective transflective element 22 , and achieve different optical characteristics through layers with different refractive indices, different thicknesses, and different stacking methods.
  • a plurality of transflective elements 9111 are arranged obliquely to the plane where the light guiding device 91 is located. For example, by adjusting the inclination angle of the transflective element 9111 and the plane where the light guide device 91 is located, the angle and orientation of the outcoupled light can be adjusted. For example, the transflective elements 9111 are parallel or nearly parallel to each other.
  • the light outcoupling part 911 may include at least one grating configured to couple out a part of the light propagating to the grating out of the light guiding device 91 .
  • the grating couples light out of the light guide 91 at least by diffraction.
  • the grating can be a diffraction grating corresponding to the wavelength of light in at least one spectral band; for example, the grating includes at least one of a red light diffraction grating, a green light diffraction grating and a blue light diffraction grating; for example, the grating can be a transmission grating or Reflective grating.
  • the light guiding device 91 may further include a light guiding medium 912 , and part or all of the transflective element 9111 is disposed in the light guiding medium 912 .
  • the refractive index of the light-guiding medium 912 may be greater than 1, so that the light incident on the inner surface of the light-guiding medium 912 and satisfying the total reflection condition (for example, part of the light incident on the light-guiding medium 912 with a larger divergence angle) can Full emission propagation occurs, improving the light guiding effect, as shown in Figure 39a.
  • the light guiding medium 912 may also be air, and the light may propagate in the light guiding medium 912 in a non-total reflection form (for example, mainly along a straight path), as shown in FIG. 39b.
  • the light outcoupling part 911 including a plurality of transflective elements 9111 or gratings the light propagating in the light guiding device 91 can be coupled out of the light guiding device to provide light for the image generating device 92 .
  • the image light includes at least one band of light having a first polarization characteristic; the selective transflective element 22 is also configured to, for at least part of the image light having a first polarization
  • the reflectance of part of the band or each band of light in the light of a polarization characteristic is greater than the reflectance of light in the visible light band other than the image light and at least one band of light of the second polarization characteristic, and/or, for at least part of the
  • the transmittance of part of the bands or each band of light in the light having the first polarization characteristic in the image light is less than the transmittance of light in the visible light band other than the image light and at least one band of the second polarization characteristic; wherein, The first polarization characteristic is different from the second polarization characteristic.
  • At least part of the image light rays having the first polarization characteristic part of the band or each band light is marked as SLs, which is reflected by the selective transflective element 22, such as reflected to a predetermined Area A: the light that coincides with or is close to the light SLs in the external environment light Le is reflected by the selective transflective element 22, the light La is transmitted, and the light PLs of at least one band of the second polarization characteristic is also transmitted.
  • the external ambient light is generally unpolarized light
  • the unpolarized light can be considered to include two orthogonally polarized light rays, or it can be considered that the unpolarized light can be decomposed into two orthogonally polarized light rays, for example, the unpolarized light can be Decompose into left-handed circularly polarized light and right-handed circularly polarized light, or decompose into left-handed elliptical polarized light and right-handed elliptical polarized light, or decompose into two linearly polarized lights whose polarization directions are perpendicular to each other.
  • the first polarization characteristic is orthogonal to the second polarization characteristic.
  • the first polarization characteristic and the second polarization characteristic may be the above-mentioned elliptical polarization characteristic, circular polarization characteristic or linear polarization characteristic.
  • the first polarization characteristic and the second polarization characteristic are linear polarization characteristics as an example for explanation.
  • the first polarization characteristic may be a vertical linear polarization characteristic
  • the second polarization characteristic may be a horizontal linear polarization characteristic.
  • the imaging device 20 is a windshield of a vehicle
  • the angle between the imaging device 20 and the image source 90 is often close to the Brewster angle.
  • Polarization characteristics) light has a high reflectivity, which can improve light utilization and increase the brightness of the virtual image V.
  • the first polarization characteristic may be a vertical linear polarization characteristic
  • the second polarization characteristic may be a horizontal linear polarization characteristic.
  • the first polarization characteristic may be a horizontal linear polarization characteristic
  • the second polarization characteristic may be a vertical linear polarization characteristic.
  • the first polarization characteristic may be S polarization characteristic
  • the second polarization characteristic may be P polarization characteristic
  • the first polarization characteristic may be P polarization characteristic
  • the second polarization characteristic may be S polarization characteristic
  • the reflectivity of the selective transflective element 22 to at least part of the image light can be 20% to 99%, such as 60%, 70%, 80% or 90%, or even greater than 95%;
  • the transmittance to light in the visible light band other than image light and light in at least one spectral band of the second polarization characteristic may be 20% to 99%; for example, it may be 60%, 70%, 80% or 90%, or even greater than 95%.
  • the reflectivity of the selective transflective element 22 to the light SLs is 60%, and the reflectivity to the light La and the light PLs is 40%; and/or, the transmittance of the selective transflective element 22 to the light SLs is 30%. %, and the transmittance to light La and light PLs is 70%.
  • the light of the external light Le passing through the imaging device 20 is increased, for example, the light PLs is increased; for many traffic signal devices, such as traffic lights, the wavelength of the light emitted by them is often different from that of The above spectral bands are close to or at least partly overlapped, and the user, such as the driver, can also receive the light PLs through the imaging device 20, which will not affect the observation of the external environment, especially traffic information, and improve driving safety; in addition, the image generation device 92 often The band light with polarization characteristics is also emitted, and the selective transflective element 22 is set so that the reflectivity of at least part of the bands or each band of light in the light having the first polarization characteristic in at least part of the image light is greater than that of the image light The reflectance of light in other than the visible light band and at least one band of light with the second polarization characteristic, and/or, for at least part of the image light with the first polarization characteristic in part of
  • the light coupled out by the light guiding device 91 includes light having at least one spectral band with the second polarization characteristic; Image rays of light of at least one spectral band of a polarization characteristic.
  • the light guiding device 91 couples light PLs having at least one spectral band of the second polarization characteristic, and the light PLs is converted into light SLs after passing through an image generating device 92 (such as a liquid crystal display panel); for example, the light SLs are orthogonal to the polarization properties of light PLs.
  • the light SLs is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the light PLs.
  • the light coupled out by the light guide device 91 may be unpolarized light, which may be considered to include at least one band of light PLs with the second polarization characteristic, and the part of the above-mentioned unpolarized light with the second polarization characteristic passes through the image generating device 92 (such as a liquid crystal display panel) and then converted into light SLs, and other polarized light is absorbed or reflected by the image generating device 92 .
  • the image generating device 92 such as a liquid crystal display panel
  • the transflective element 9111 is configured such that its reflectivity for at least one spectral band of light with the second polarization characteristic is greater than its reflectivity for at least one spectral band of light with the first polarization characteristic , and/or, the transflective element 9111 is configured such that the transmittance of at least one spectral band of light having the second polarization characteristic is smaller than its transmittance of at least one spectral band of light having the first polarization characteristic.
  • the transflective element 9111 is also set to match the characteristics of the light having at least one spectral band of the second polarization characteristic, which can further improve light utilization efficiency.
  • the reflectivity of the transreflective element 9111 to light in at least one spectral band with the second polarization characteristic can be 20% to 99%, for example, it can be 60%, 70%, 80% or 90%, or even greater than 95%.
  • the transmittance of the transflective element 9111 to at least one band of light with the first polarization characteristic may be 20% to 99%; for example, it may be 60%, 70%, 80% or 90%, or even greater than 95%.
  • the reflectivity of the transflective element 9111 to the light PLs is 60%, and the reflectivity to the light SLs is 40%;
  • the transmittance is 70%.
  • the image source 90 further includes a light conversion unit 94 that converts the light before it enters the image generating device 92.
  • the light conversion unit 94 includes a light splitting element 941 and a conversion element 942; the light splitting element 941 is configured to divide the incident light into a first part of light and a second part of light having different optical characteristics from each other; The properties are transformed into the optical properties of the other.
  • the first part of the light L1 and the second part of the light L2 split by the light splitting element 941 can be adjusted to have the same characteristics before entering the image generating device 92, and almost all the lights with the same characteristics can be matched with it.
  • the utilization of the image generation device 92 can greatly improve the utilization rate of light.
  • the light emitted by the light source 931 is generally natural light (for example, unpolarized light), which can be considered to include different polarization characteristics and/or wavelength characteristics; A part of light L1 and a second part of light L2.
  • the conversion element 942 converts the optical characteristics of one of the first part of the light L1 and the second part of the light L2 into the optical characteristics of the other, as shown in FIG.
  • the characteristics of the light L1 will be described as an example.
  • the light splitting element 941 can split light rays with different characteristics, so as to separate the first part of light L1 and the second part of light L2 with different optical characteristics.
  • the characteristic may be a polarization characteristic, a wavelength characteristic, or the like.
  • the light splitting element 941 may be a polarization light splitting element or a wavelength light splitting element.
  • the light splitting element 941 can realize the function of transmission and reflection (hereinafter referred to as transflection), through the difference of its reflectivity and/or transmittance to light with different characteristics, at least the first part of light L1 and the second Partial light L2 splitting; for example, as shown in Figure 42, the reflectivity of the light splitting element 941 to the first part of light L1 is smaller than the reflectivity of the second part of light L2, and/or the transmittance of the light splitting element 941 to the first part of light L1 is greater than The transmittance of the second part of the light L2 is used to split the light according to the difference in the reflectance/transmittance of different light rays.
  • transflection transmission and reflection
  • the light splitting element 941 can divide light into light with different polarization characteristics, such as a first part of light L1 with a first polarization characteristic and a second part of light L2 with a second polarization characteristic, the first part
  • the light L1 and the second part of the light L2 may be linearly polarized light, circularly polarized light, or elliptically polarized light with different polarization characteristics.
  • the polarization states of the first partial light L1 and the second partial light L2 are orthogonal.
  • both the first part of light L1 and the second part of light L2 are linearly polarized lights, and their polarization directions are vertical.
  • the light splitting element 941 can divide the light into the first part of light L1 and the second part of light L2 of different wavelength bands, and the spectra of the first part of light L1 and the second part of light L2 are not completely the same.
  • the light splitting element 941 can divide the light into a first part of light L1 having a red wavelength band and a second part of light L2 having a non-red wavelength band (eg, blue and green light bands).
  • the converting element 942 can convert the optical characteristic of one of the first partial light L1 and the second partial light L2 into the optical characteristic of the other.
  • the conversion element 942 may be a polarization conversion element, such as a wave plate; or, may also be a wavelength conversion element, such as a filter, phosphor, and the like.
  • the converting element 942 may convert at least part (such as 50%, 60%, 70%, 80% or 90%) of the characteristics of the light, or convert almost all the characteristics of the light, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application. .
  • the light conversion part 94 further includes: a reflective element 943, and the reflective element 943 is configured to convert the first part of light L1 and the second part One of the lights L2 is reflected to the light guide 91 .
  • the light reflected by the reflective element 943 may directly exit the light guide device 91 , or the light reflected by the reflective element 943 may pass through other elements before exiting the light guide device 91 , which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the first part of the light L1 and the second part of the light L2 split by the light splitting element 941 generally go in different directions.
  • At least one embodiment of the present application can change the first part of the light L1 or the second part of the light L2 by setting the reflective element 943. direction, so that the first part of the light L1 or the second part of the light L2 can be guided to the light guide device 91, so that as much light as possible enters the light guide device 91, thereby improving light utilization efficiency.
  • the light splitting element 941 includes a polarization splitting element configured to divide the incident light into a first polarized light and a second polarized light with different polarization characteristics from each other;
  • the conversion element 942 includes a polarization conversion element , the polarization conversion element is configured to convert the polarization characteristic of one of the first polarized light and the second polarized light to the polarization characteristic of the other.
  • the polarization beam-splitting element may be a three-dimensional polarization beam-splitting prism, or a polarization beam-splitting film such as RPM (Reflecting polarizer mirror) or BEF (Brightness Enhancement Film).
  • the polarization conversion element may be a 1/2 wave plate or a 1/4 wave plate.
  • the first part of light L1 or the second part of light L2 split by the light splitting element 941 can be converted by the polarization conversion element, so that the light emitted by the light conversion part 94 has the same polarization characteristics, so that the light emitted by the light source device 93 can be almost Both are converted into light with the same polarization characteristic, which can increase the brightness of other components that need to work based on the light of this polarization characteristic, for example, the brightness of a liquid crystal display can be increased.
  • the coordination relationship between the polarization conversion element and the polarization beam splitting element and the light conversion process will be explained below.
  • the first part of the light L1 and the second part of the light L2 split by the polarization beam splitting element are linearly polarized light with a vertical polarization direction
  • the polarization conversion element is a 1/2 wave plate or 1/4 as an example for explanation, but not It should be construed as a limitation on the implementation of the application.
  • the conversion element 942 is disposed between the light splitting element 941 and the reflection element 943, and the conversion element 942 is configured to perform polarization conversion on the second part of light L2 reflected by the light splitting element 941, and the converted light has the same
  • the first part of light L1 has the same characteristics, so the converted light is marked with L1 in FIG. 43 a , so that the unpolarized light emitted by the light source 931 is converted into light with the same polarization characteristics.
  • the conversion element 942 may be attached to the surface of the light splitting element 941 near the reflective element 943; for example, the conversion element 942 may be a half-wave plate.
  • the conversion element 942 is disposed on the side of the reflective element 943 close to the light splitting element 941, and the conversion element 942 is configured to perform polarization conversion on the second part of light L2 reflected by the reflective element 943, for example, the second part of light L2 is the second part of the light L2 reflected by the light splitting element 941; the converted light has the same characteristics as the first part of the light L1, so the converted light is marked with L1 in FIG. for light rays with the same polarization properties.
  • the conversion element 942 is disposed on the side of the light splitting element 941 away from the reflective element 943, and the conversion element 942 is configured to perform polarization conversion on the first part of light L1 transmitted by the light splitting element 941, and the converted light has the same
  • the second part of the light L2 has the same characteristics, so the converted light is marked as L2 in FIG. 43c, so that the unpolarized light emitted by the light source 931 is converted into light with the same polarization characteristics.
  • the conversion element 942 may be attached to the surface of the light splitting element 941 away from the reflective element 943; for example, the conversion element 942 may be a half-wave plate.
  • the conversion element 942 is disposed between the light splitting element 941 and the reflection element 943, and is configured to convert the light passing through it multiple times.
  • the light can be converted to have the same characteristics as the first part of the light L1, so the converted light is labeled L2 in FIG. 43d, so as to convert the unpolarized light emitted by the light source 931 into light with the same polarization characteristics.
  • the conversion element 942 may be attached to the surface of the reflective element 943 near the light splitting element 941; for example, the conversion element 942 may be a quarter-wave plate.
  • the "conversion to have the same characteristics as the first part of the light L1 or the second part of the light L2" in the above embodiment does not limit the complete conversion of the light, and some light may not be converted or not completely converted, as shown in Figure 43a
  • the light converted by the conversion element 942 not only includes the light having the same characteristics as the first part of the light L1, but may also include part of the unconverted second part of the light L2.
  • the image generating device 92 may include a liquid crystal display panel, which can convert the light having the first polarization characteristic or the second polarization characteristic into the image light Ls, thereby realizing imaging.
  • the light conversion unit 94 can convert almost all the light emitted by the light source device 93 into light with specific polarization characteristics that can be used by the image generating device 92 , thereby improving light utilization efficiency and imaging brightness.
  • the image source 90 further includes a homogenizing part 95 that homogenizes the light before it enters the image generating device 92;
  • the light-emitting direction overlaps with the light-guiding device 91, as shown in Figure 45; or, it is arranged side by side with the light-guiding device 91 in a direction perpendicular to the light-emitting direction of the light-guiding device 91, as shown in Figures 46a and 13b.
  • the uniform light portion 95 overlaps the light guide device 91;
  • the projection of the surface where the light device 91 is located overlaps with the light guide device; for example, it may be completely overlapped or partially overlapped.
  • the image source 90 may also include a reflector 96, which changes the direction of the light after homogenization treatment by the homogenization part 95 and directs it to the light guide device 91.
  • the reflector 96 may be a reflective film, a reflective surface or a prism. .
  • the light uniform part 95 and the light guiding device 91 are overlapped in the light emitting direction of the light guiding device 91, which can reduce the size of the image source 90 in the plane direction (such as the xy plane in FIG. 45 ), thereby improving the display System availability.
  • the uniform light portion 95 and The light guiding device 91 is arranged side by side;
  • the light uniform part 95 and the light guiding device 91 can be arranged on the same plane or close to the same plane, as shown in Figure 46a; Arranged side by side, as shown in Figure 46b.
  • Arranging the homogenizing part 95 and the light guiding device 91 side by side in a direction perpendicular to the light emitting direction of the light guiding device 91 can reduce the image source 90 in the light emitting direction of the light guiding device 91 (such as in Fig. 46a and Fig. 46b).
  • the thickness in the z direction improves the convenience of using the display system.
  • the homogenizing portion 95 includes at least a first reflecting surface 951 and a second reflecting surface 952 opposite to each other. Homogenize the light.
  • FIG. 44 shows a schematic diagram of homogenization of part of the light emitted by the light source 931 after being reflected by the first reflective surface 951 and the second reflective surface 952. Each reflection can be regarded as adding at least one virtual image of the light source 931.
  • the virtual image formed by the reflection of the light source 931 can also be regarded as a light source, which is equivalent to expanding the number of light sources 931 through reflection, and the light rays emitted by a plurality of light sources are interlaced and overlapped with each other, which increases the uniformity of the light emitted by the uniform light part 95 ( For example, the uniformity of light and shade), which can improve the display effect.
  • the light transmitted in the dodging portion 95 can propagate in the form of total reflection
  • the dodging portion 95 includes a solid transparent material 953, and the first reflective surface 951 and the second reflective surface 952 can be the inner surfaces of the solid transparent material 953; or
  • the homogenizing portion 95 may include a cavity, and there may be air between the first reflecting surface 951 and the second reflecting surface 952 , and the light propagating in the homogenizing portion 95 propagates in the form of specular reflection.
  • part of the light emitted by the light source 931 may be emitted directly without being reflected by the first reflective surface 951 and the second reflective surface 952 , such as straight light rays as shown in FIG. 44 .
  • the first reflective surface 951 and the second reflective surface 952 can be polished metal surfaces, such as polished copper, silver, aluminum or aluminum alloy elements; or, the first reflective surface 951 and the second reflective surface 952 can also be reflective Film, such as aluminum, silver or copper, or it can be a laminated polymer film such as ESR film (Enhanced Specular Reflector).
  • the light processed by the homogenizing unit 95 can be processed by the light conversion unit 94 and then transmitted to the light guide device 91; for example, the light emitted by the light source 931 is homogenized by the homogenizing unit 95.
  • the light emitted by the uniform light part 95 has better uniformity and direction consistency, and then the light is converted into light with the same polarization state by the light conversion part 94, and the light with the same polarization state is then transmitted to the light guide device 91, after being coupled out, it can be used by the image generating device 92 matching its characteristics, which can greatly improve the utilization rate of light.
  • the light processed by the light conversion unit 94 can be processed by the uniform light unit 95 and then transmitted to the light guide device 91; for example, the light emitted by the light source 931 is converted by the light conversion unit 94
  • the light with the same polarization state is homogenized by the homogenization part 95, and the light emitted by the homogenization part 95 has better uniformity and direction consistency; the light is then transmitted to the light guide
  • the device 91 is coupled out, it can be used by the image generating device 92 matching its characteristics, which can greatly improve the utilization rate of light.
  • the light emitted by the light source 931 may directly enter the homogenizing portion 95 , or the light emitted by the light source 931 may enter the homogenizing portion 95 after passing through other components, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the light incident on the homogenizing portion 95 has a predetermined divergence angle
  • the distance between the first reflective surface 951 and the second reflective surface 952 is The included angle of at least one of the light-incident side, the light-outside, and the side between the light-incident side and the light-outside of the uniform light portion 95 is not greater than a predetermined divergence angle.
  • the included angle between the first reflective surface 951 and the second reflective surface 952 is not greater than a preset divergence angle, so that the divergent light can be reflected in the light guide medium 912 to homogenize the light through reflection.
  • the distance between the first reflective surface 951 and the second reflective surface 952 on the light-incident side of the uniform light portion 95 is smaller than the distance between the light-exit side of the light uniform portion 95, such as the gap between the first reflective surface 951 and the second reflective surface 952.
  • the angle can be the opening angle toward the light-emitting direction of the light-homogenizing portion 95, as shown in FIG.
  • the distance on the light exit side for example, the angle between the first reflective surface and the second reflective surface may be the opening angle toward the light incident direction of the light homogenizing portion 95, as shown in FIG. 48b.
  • none of the opening angles mentioned above is greater than the preset divergence angle.
  • the side between the first reflective surface 951 and the second reflective surface 952, for example, in the direction perpendicular to the paper plane of Figure 48a and Figure 48b, includes the first reflective surface 951 and the second reflective surface 952; for example , the distance between the first reflective surface 951 and the second reflective surface 952 is smaller on the side away from the paper than along the side of the paper; for example, the distance between the first reflective surface 951 and the second reflective surface 952, On the side along the paper is smaller than the side away from the paper.
  • the divergence angle ⁇ is currently a relatively common standard for measuring the light beam angle.
  • ⁇ /2 is the angle between the light-emitting direction and the optical axis when the luminous intensity value is half of the axial intensity value; or, ⁇ /2 is also It may be the angle between the light emitting direction and the optical axis when the luminous intensity value is 60% or 80% of the radial intensity value.
  • the divergence angle of the light incident into the light guiding device 91 can be 40°, 20° or 10°, and correspondingly, the included angle between the first reflective surface 951 and the second reflective surface 952 can be smaller than 40°, 20° or 10°. 10°, for example may be 30°, 10° or 5°.
  • the first reflective surface 951 and the second reflective surface 952 may be parallel, and the included angle may be considered as 0°.
  • the light source device 93 can also include a reflective light guide element, such as a lamp cup; the lamp cup can adjust the light emitted by the light source 931 to a predetermined divergence angle (such as the above-mentioned divergence angle greater than the included angle of the reflecting surface), and the light with a predetermined divergence angle Enter the homogenization part 95 and perform homogenization treatment, as shown in Fig. 48a and Fig. 48b.
  • the lamp cup may be a solid lamp cup or a hollow lamp cup, which converts light with a certain divergence angle emitted by the light source 931 into light with a predetermined divergence angle.
  • the divergence angle of the light emitted by the light source is generally relatively large, for example, the divergence angle is 45°, and the lamp cup can control the divergence angle of the light to a smaller 40°, 20° or 10°.
  • the light source device 93 may include a diffusing element, and the light source 931 may emit collimated light (such as a laser), for example, the divergence angle of the light may be smaller than the predetermined divergence angle, and the light may be diffused by the diffusing element to form a preset divergence angle.
  • collimated light such as a laser
  • the homogenizing portion 95 can also include other opposite reflective surfaces, such as at least one pair of reflective surfaces parallel to the direction of the paper;
  • the reflective surface between the light-incident side and the light-exit side of the uniform light part 95, the reflective surface can be, for example, a quadrangular prism shape, a hexagonal prism shape or an octagonal prism shape, including at least one set of opposite reflective surfaces, and can also include two sets , three groups, four groups or more opposite reflective surfaces.
  • a light concentrating device 97 is further included;
  • the light collecting device 97 is located between the light guiding device 91 and the image generating device 92 .
  • the light concentrating device 97 can concentrate and direct almost all the light coupled out by the light guide device 91 , so that the light can reach the eye box area of the user.
  • the condensing device 97 can condense the light to the preset area A, which can further condense the light and improve the utilization rate of the light.
  • it can be a point gathered in the preset area A, such as the focal point of a convex lens, or it can be a smaller area. Setting the light collecting device 97 can uniformly or mostly adjust the direction of the light coupled out of the light guide device 91 To the preset area A to improve the utilization rate of light.
  • the light concentrating device 97 can be a lens, a curved reflector, a refracting mirror or a combination of lenses, such as a Fresnel lens and/or a curved lens, such as a convex lens, a concave lens or a combination of lenses, etc.
  • a convex lens is used as Example to illustrate.
  • the preset area A can be an eyebox area (eyebox).
  • the eyebox area refers to the area where the user's eyes are located and can see the display system image.
  • the eyebox area can be a plane area or a three-dimensional area.
  • the image can be seen within the bounds of the box, such as the complete image.
  • a user may be a driver and/or a passenger.
  • At least one light diffusion device 98 is further included, and the light diffusion device 98 is configured to diffuse at least one of the image light and the outcoupling light of the light guide device 91 to cover the pre- Suppose area A.
  • at least one light diffusing device 98 is located on at least one of the light exit side and the back side of the image generating device 92 .
  • the number of light diffusing devices 98 may be multiple and arranged at intervals to further improve the dispersion effect of light beams.
  • the propagation angle of the diffused beam and the spot size along the propagation direction determine the brightness and visible area of the virtual image V formed by the display system. The smaller the diffusion angle, the higher the brightness of the virtual image V observed by the user, and the visible area is also smaller; and vice versa.
  • FIG. 49 schematically shows that the light diffusing device 98 is located on the back side of the image generating device 92, that is, between the light guiding device 91 and the image generating device 92, and is configured to diffuse the emitted light from the light guiding device 91. .
  • the light diffusing device 98 can also be arranged on the light-emitting side of the image generating device 92, and is configured to diffuse the image light emitted by the image generating device 92, and the light diffusing device 98 can be arranged in close contact with the light-emitting surface of the image generating device 92, so as to Improve imaging effect. For example, diffuse the light and cover at least the eye box area.
  • light diffusing device 98 is configured to diffuse a light beam passing therethrough without changing or barely changing the optical axis of the light beam.
  • optical axis refers to the centerline of the beam, which can also be considered as the main direction of beam propagation.
  • the energy distribution of the spot can be uniform or non-uniform; for example, the size and shape of the spot can be determined by Specific microstructure control designed in the light diffusing device 98 .
  • the above-mentioned light spots of specific shapes may include but not limited to linear, circular, elliptical, square or rectangular.
  • the light diffusing device 98 includes at least one of a diffractive optical element and a diffractive optical element.
  • the scattering optical elements include uniform light sheets, diffusion sheets, etc., which mainly scatter the light beam, and also produce a small amount of diffraction; for example, a large light spot can be formed after the light beam passes through the scattering optical element.
  • Diffractive Optical Elements can control the diffusion effect relatively more accurately, such as beam shapers (Beam Shaper), etc., which mainly play the role of beam expansion through diffraction, and the spot can be small, such as the size of the spot and shape controllable.
  • the light concentrating device 97 can gather the light output by the light guiding device 91 to a certain range (for example, within the preset area A), and the light diffusing device 98 can diffuse the collected light to at least cover the preset area A (for example, covering the eyes). box area), through the cooperation of the light concentrating device 97 and the light diffusing device 98, the visible range is expanded while providing high light efficiency.
  • the display system described in any of the above-mentioned embodiments may be a head-up display system HUD; HUD).
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a vehicle, including the light guide device, light source device, or display system described in any one of the above embodiments.
  • a vehicle including the light guide device, light source device, or display system described in any one of the above embodiments.
  • the front window (eg, windshield) of a vehicle is multiplexed as the imaging device 20 of the display system.
  • the means of transport can be various appropriate means of transport, for example, can include land vehicles such as various types of automobiles, or can be water vehicles such as ships, or can be air vehicles such as airplanes, and its driving position is set a windshield (eg, at least one of a front windshield, side windshields, and a rear windshield) and project an image onto the front windshield.
  • the imaging device 20 may be in the shape of a plane or a curved surface, such as a windshield with a curvature or a transparent imaging plate with a curvature, etc., which will provide a longer imaging distance.
  • FIG. 50 is an exemplary block diagram of a vehicle according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the vehicle includes a heads-up display provided by at least some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the vehicle's front window eg, front windshield
  • the reflective imaging portion 800 of the head-up display is multiplexed as the reflective imaging portion 800 of the head-up display.
  • the means of transport can be various appropriate means of transport, for example, can include various types of land vehicles such as automobiles, or can be water vehicles such as boats, or can be air vehicles such as airplanes, which are provided with windshields. window (for example, at least one of the front windshield, side windshield, and rear windshield) and transmits an image onto the windshield through the onboard display system.
  • land vehicles such as automobiles
  • water vehicles such as boats
  • air vehicles such as airplanes
  • window for example, at least one of the front windshield, side windshield, and rear windshield

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Planar Illumination Modules (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de guidage de lumière, un dispositif de source de lumière, un système d'affichage et un véhicule de transport. Le dispositif de guidage de lumière comprend une structure de guidage de lumière (100) comprenant une partie de couplage de sortie optique (101), la partie de couplage de sortie optique (101) étant configurée pour coupler la lumière propagée dans la structure de guidage de lumière (100). La structure de guidage de lumière (100) comprend un premier élément de guidage de lumière (110) et un second élément de guidage de lumière (120), la lumière entrant dans la structure de guidage de lumière (100) étant transmise au second élément de guidage de lumière (120) au moyen du premier élément de guidage de lumière (110), et au moins une partie de la partie de couplage de sortie optique (101) étant située sur le second élément de guidage de lumière (120). Le premier élément de guidage de lumière (110) comprend un milieu (111) conçu pour propager la lumière, et des premières structures de réflexion (112) situées sur au moins deux côtés du milieu (111), la première structure de réflexion (112) étant configurée pour réfléchir, au moins une fois, la lumière incidente sur le premier élément de guidage de lumière (110) de façon à propager la lumière vers le second élément de guidage de lumière (120) ; et/ou le premier élément de guidage de lumière (110) est configuré pour réfléchir et propager complètement la lumière incidente au premier élément de guidage de lumière (110) de façon à propager la lumière vers le second élément de guidage de lumière (120).
PCT/CN2022/114263 2021-08-23 2022-08-23 Dispositif de guidage de lumière, dispositif de source de lumière, système d'affichage et véhicule de transport WO2023025149A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110968880.1A CN115933043A (zh) 2021-08-23 2021-08-23 导光装置、光源装置、显示装置、抬头显示器和交通设备
CN202121983323.9U CN216817084U (zh) 2021-08-23 2021-08-23 显示系统及包含其的交通工具
CN202121985764.2U CN216748171U (zh) 2021-08-23 2021-08-23 导光装置、光源装置、显示装置、抬头显示器和交通设备
CN202110970591.5 2021-08-23
CN202110970591.5A CN115903224A (zh) 2021-08-23 2021-08-23 光源装置、显示装置、抬头显示系统及交通工具
CN202121983323.9 2021-08-23
CN202121985764.2 2021-08-23
CN202110968880.1 2021-08-23

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WO2023025149A1 true WO2023025149A1 (fr) 2023-03-02

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CN103411160A (zh) * 2013-07-26 2013-11-27 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 背光模组及显示装置
CN104570483A (zh) * 2015-01-06 2015-04-29 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 一种背光模组及显示装置
CN206161958U (zh) * 2016-07-18 2017-05-10 深圳珑璟光电技术有限公司 用于增强现实显示的交互头戴显示设备
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CN110612470A (zh) * 2017-05-30 2019-12-24 索尼公司 光学装置、图像显示装置和显示装置
CN216748171U (zh) * 2021-08-23 2022-06-14 未来（北京）黑科技有限公司 导光装置、光源装置、显示装置、抬头显示器和交通设备
CN216817084U (zh) * 2021-08-23 2022-06-24 未来（北京）黑科技有限公司 显示系统及包含其的交通工具

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070274095A1 (en) * 2006-05-24 2007-11-29 Destain Patrick R Backlight wedge with adjacent reflective surfaces
CN103411160A (zh) * 2013-07-26 2013-11-27 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 背光模组及显示装置
CN104570483A (zh) * 2015-01-06 2015-04-29 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 一种背光模组及显示装置
CN107533255A (zh) * 2015-04-23 2018-01-02 镭亚股份有限公司 基于双光导光栅的背光以及使用该背光的电子显示器
CN206161958U (zh) * 2016-07-18 2017-05-10 深圳珑璟光电技术有限公司 用于增强现实显示的交互头戴显示设备
CN110612470A (zh) * 2017-05-30 2019-12-24 索尼公司 光学装置、图像显示装置和显示装置
CN216748171U (zh) * 2021-08-23 2022-06-14 未来（北京）黑科技有限公司 导光装置、光源装置、显示装置、抬头显示器和交通设备
CN216817084U (zh) * 2021-08-23 2022-06-24 未来（北京）黑科技有限公司 显示系统及包含其的交通工具

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