WO2023020480A1 - 防伪图像元件和防伪产品 - Google Patents

防伪图像元件和防伪产品 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023020480A1
WO2023020480A1 PCT/CN2022/112749 CN2022112749W WO2023020480A1 WO 2023020480 A1 WO2023020480 A1 WO 2023020480A1 CN 2022112749 W CN2022112749 W CN 2022112749W WO 2023020480 A1 WO2023020480 A1 WO 2023020480A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
counterfeiting
layer
element according
image element
microstructure
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PCT/CN2022/112749
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
孙凯
杨栋
Original Assignee
中钞特种防伪科技有限公司
中国印钞造币集团有限公司
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Publication of WO2023020480A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023020480A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
    • B42D25/21—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose for multiple purposes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of anti-counterfeiting technology, in particular to an anti-counterfeiting image element and an anti-counterfeiting product.
  • data carriers such as banknotes and financial instruments such as valuable or certification documents, and other valuables such as brand-name items are usually equipped with security elements to verify the identity of the data carrier. authenticity while protecting it from unauthorized copying.
  • Encoding technology is a relatively common anti-counterfeiting technology applied in secure elements.
  • the purpose of encoding techniques is to verify the authenticity of the data carrier while preventing it from being copied without permission.
  • the communication between the verification terminal and the database is established through the network, so as to verify the authenticity of the data carrier.
  • such codes are easily recorded by means of scanning, photographing, etc. and copied in batches using commercial digital printing equipment, thereby destroying the "uniqueness" of each code. Therefore, it is urgent to propose a technical solution to solve the above-mentioned technical problems in the prior art.
  • the purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide an anti-counterfeit image element and anti-counterfeit product, which can realize anti-counterfeit images when viewed from the front and dynamic features when viewed from the side, thereby solving the technical problem that existing anti-counterfeit products are easy to forge.
  • the first aspect of the present application provides an anti-counterfeiting image element, comprising: a light-permeable substrate layer, including an opposite first surface and a second surface; a microstructure layer, located on the first surface, and a microstructure layer Comprising a plurality of microstructures, each microstructure includes a gentle area and/or a non-smooth area, the pitch angle of the microstructure in the gentle area is smaller than the pitch angle of the microstructure in the non-smooth area; the reflective structure layer is located on the microstructure layer, reflecting The structural layer covers at least a part of the non-smooth area; and an anti-counterfeiting image layer is provided with an anti-counterfeiting image, and the anti-counterfeiting image layer is located on the reflective structural layer or on the second surface.
  • the material of the transparent substrate layer is selected from at least one of PET plastic, BOPP plastic and PC plastic.
  • the lateral dimension of the microstructure ranges from 5 um to 100 um.
  • the lateral dimension of the microstructure ranges from 10 um to 50 um.
  • the surface of the microstructure layer includes a plane and/or a curved surface.
  • the microstructure is a spherical cap-shaped curved surface structure.
  • the microstructure is a diffuse reflection structure.
  • the anti-counterfeiting image element further includes: a transparent coating, the transparent coating is located on the reflective structure layer, and the anti-counterfeiting image layer is located on the transparent coating.
  • the refractive index of the transparent coating is the same as that of the microstructure, so that light does not reflect or refract when passing through the interface between the microstructure and the transparent coating.
  • the maximum value of the pitch angle of the microstructure is greater than 5 degrees.
  • the maximum value of the pitch angle of the microstructure is greater than 10 degrees.
  • the pitch angle of the microstructure in the non-smooth region is not less than a preset value, and the pitch angle of the microstructure in the gentle region is smaller than the preset value, and the preset value is 0.3 times the maximum value of the pitch angle of the microstructure .
  • the reflective structure layer is a metal single-layer structure.
  • the reflective structure layer is a multi-layer structure composed of metal and/or medium.
  • the reflective structure layer provides dynamic anti-counterfeiting features.
  • the dynamic anti-counterfeiting feature includes: translational movement, rotational movement, image switching, image deformation and/or image scaling changes of the reflective structure layer as the viewing angle changes.
  • At least a part of the non-smooth region is provided with a secondary structure.
  • the dynamic anti-counterfeiting feature includes: the change of the color and/or pattern of the reflective structure layer as the viewing angle changes.
  • each secondary structure includes periodically appearing micro-units, and the displacement between two adjacent micro-units is 0.2 um to 5 um.
  • the displacement between two adjacent micro-units is 0.2um to 1um.
  • the secondary structure is a grating structure.
  • the anti-counterfeiting image is a static image.
  • the static image includes coding information.
  • the static image is a two-dimensional code.
  • the static image is a quick response code.
  • the two-dimensional code is provided with optical anti-counterfeiting features.
  • the anti-counterfeiting image is provided with at least one position detection pattern.
  • the anti-counterfeit image is provided with three non-collinear position detection patterns.
  • the anti-counterfeit image layer when the anti-counterfeit image layer is located on the reflective structure layer, the anti-counterfeit image can be obtained when the anti-counterfeit image is observed on the side of the second surface and facing the second surface.
  • the anti-counterfeit image layer when the anti-counterfeit image layer is located on the second surface, the anti-counterfeit image is obtained when viewed from the side of the first surface and facing the first surface.
  • the second aspect of the present application also provides an anti-counterfeit product, including the anti-counterfeit image element of the foregoing embodiment.
  • the anti-counterfeit product is a paper banknote, a polymer banknote, a credit card, a bank card, a cash card, an authorization card, a personal ID card or a passport.
  • the anti-counterfeit image element includes: a light-transmittable substrate layer, including an opposite first surface and a second surface; a microstructure layer, located on the first surface, and the microstructure layer includes a plurality of microstructures, each microstructure
  • the structure includes a flat area and/or a non-smooth area, the elevation angle of the microstructure in the flat area is smaller than the pitch angle of the microstructure in the non-smooth area;
  • the reflective structure layer is located on the microstructure layer, and the reflective structural layer covers at least a part of the non-smooth area and an anti-counterfeit image layer, which is provided with an anti-counterfeit image, and the anti-counterfeit image layer is located on the reflective structure layer or on the second surface, which can realize anti-counterfeit images when viewed from the front and dynamic features when viewed from the side, thereby solving the problem of the existing anti-counterfeit products.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of an anti-counterfeiting image element according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2A is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of an anti-counterfeiting image element whose microstructure is a spherical cap-shaped curved surface structure and an anti-counterfeiting image layer is located on the second surface as an example of the present application.
  • 2B is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of an anti-counterfeit image element whose microstructure is a spherical cap-shaped curved surface structure and the anti-counterfeit image layer is located on the reflective structure layer according to the example of the present application.
  • 2C is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an anti-counterfeit image element whose microstructure is a diffuse reflection structure and an anti-counterfeit image layer is located on the second surface as an example of the present application.
  • Fig. 2D is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic view of the anti-counterfeiting image element in Fig. 2A and Fig. 2B provided with a secondary structure.
  • Fig. 3A, Fig. 3B and Fig. 3C are schematic diagrams of the visual effect of the anti-counterfeiting image element in Fig. 2A and Fig. 2B under three different viewing angles.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an anti-counterfeit image element 100, including: a light-transmittable substrate layer 110, a microstructure layer 130, a reflective structure layer 150 and an anti-counterfeit image layer (not shown in the figure).
  • the light-transmittable substrate layer 110 includes, for example, a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other.
  • the material of the transparent substrate layer 110 is, for example, selected from at least one of PET plastic, BOPP plastic and PC plastic, but the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the microstructure layer 130 is located on the first surface (such as the upper surface in FIG. 1 ), and the microstructure layer 130 includes, for example, a plurality of microstructures (not shown in the figure), and each microstructure, for example, includes a gentle area and/or non- In the gentle area, the pitch angle of the microstructure in the gentle area is smaller than the pitch angle of the microstructure in the non-smooth area, for example.
  • the pitch angle mentioned in the embodiment of the present application is, for example, the angle formed by each point on the surface of the microstructure relative to the first surface.
  • the pitch angle at a certain point on the surface of the microstructure is the included angle formed by the tangent plane at this point relative to the first surface. If the surface at and near a certain point of the microstructure is a plane, then the pitch angle at a certain point on the surface of the microstructure is the included angle formed by the plane at this point relative to the first surface.
  • the reflective structure layer 150 is, for example, located on the microstructure layer 130 , and the reflective structure layer 150 covers at least a part of the non-smooth region, for example.
  • the gentle area is not provided with any reflective structure layer 150
  • the surface of the microstructure layer 130 not covered with the reflective structure layer 150 is filled with an adhesive layer, for example.
  • the anti-counterfeit image layer is provided with an anti-counterfeit image, for example, the anti-counterfeit image layer is located on the reflective structure layer, that is, on the first surface side, or on the second surface (such as the lower surface in FIG. 1 ), that is, on the second surface side. Therefore, the anti-counterfeiting image on the first surface can be observed on the side of the second surface, or the anti-counterfeiting image on the second surface can be observed on the side of the first surface.
  • the anti-counterfeiting image layer is arranged on the second surface, that is, on the side of the second surface, when viewed on the side of the first surface and facing the first surface, it can be seen through the gentle area of the non-reflective structure layer 150
  • the reflective structure layer 150 will block the gentle area without the reflective structure layer 150, and only the reflective structure layer 150 can be seen.
  • the anti-counterfeiting image on the second surface is basically invisible, thus resulting in the hiding of the anti-counterfeiting image.
  • the anti-counterfeiting image layer is on the side of the first surface, the appearance and hiding of the anti-counterfeiting image can be observed on the side of the second surface.
  • the value range of the lateral dimension of the microstructure is, for example, 5 um to 100 um. Furthermore, the value range of the lateral dimension of the microstructure is, for example, 10 um to 50 um.
  • the surface of the microstructure layer 130 includes, for example, a plane and/or a curved surface.
  • the microstructure may be, for example, a spherical cap-shaped curved surface structure, and the surface of the spherical cap-shaped curved surface structure is, for example, composed of curved surfaces.
  • the microstructures can also form a periodically distributed array of microstructures.
  • the microstructure is, for example, a diffuse reflection structure.
  • the surface of the diffuse reflection structure is, for example, composed of a plane and/or a curved surface. The combination of planes is obtained, and the diffuse reflection structure is used to produce a diffuse reflection effect on the irradiated light.
  • the anti-counterfeiting image element 100 also includes, for example: a transparent coating (not shown in the figure), the transparent coating is for example positioned on the reflective structure layer 150, in this case, the anti-counterfeiting image layer is for example arranged on the transparent coating rather than on the second On the surface.
  • a transparent coating can be pre-coated on the reflective structure layer 150 to make it smooth, and then an anti-counterfeit image can be made on the transparent coating.
  • the refractive index of the transparent coating is, for example, the same as that of the microstructures, so that light does not reflect or refract when passing through the interface between the microstructures and the transparent coating.
  • the maximum value of the pitch angle of the microstructure is, for example, greater than 5 degrees. More specifically, the maximum value of the pitch angle of the microstructure is greater than 10 degrees, for example.
  • the microstructure in the gentle area has a smaller pitch angle, for example, less than a preset value
  • the microstructure in the non-smooth area for example, has a larger pitch angle, for example, greater than or equal to the preset value, so as to achieve the pitch angle of the microstructure in the gentle area All are smaller than the pitch angles of the microstructures in the non-smooth region, and further, the preset value is, for example, set to 0.3 times the maximum value of the pitch angles of the microstructures.
  • the preset value is set to 0.3 times the maximum value of the pitch angle of the microstructure, which is 13.5 degrees, and the pitch angle of the microstructure is greater than or equal to 13.5
  • the area with a pitch angle of less than 13.5 degrees is a component of the non-smooth area, and the area with a microstructure pitch angle less than 13.5 degrees is a component of the gentle area.
  • the preset value is set to 3 degrees, and so on, which will not be repeated here.
  • the reflective structure layer 150 can be, for example, a metal single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure composed of metal and/or dielectric.
  • the reflective structure layer 150 can be, for example, a metal plating layer by physical vapor deposition. Metal itself can reflect light.
  • the reflective structure layer 150 is a multi-layer structure, the multi-layer structure has at least two different refractive indices, so that light can reflect when irradiated on the surface of the multi-layer structure.
  • the reflective structure layer 150 for example, provides dynamic anti-counterfeiting features, and the dynamic anti-counterfeiting features include, for example: translational movement, rotational movement, image switching, image deformation and/or image scaling changes of the reflective structure layer 150 as the viewing angle changes .
  • the reflective structure layer 150 may also adopt a three-layer interference coating of "metal/dielectric/metal".
  • the reflective structure layer 150 provides, for example, a dynamic anti-counterfeit feature, and the dynamic anti-counterfeit feature includes, for example, a change in color and/or pattern of the reflective structure layer 150 as the viewing angle changes.
  • the secondary structure is, for example, a grating structure.
  • the dimensions of the secondary structures are preferably at least an order of magnitude smaller than the microstructures.
  • the secondary structure for example, can be regularly, for example, periodically or evenly distributed on the microstructure, and of course the secondary structure can also be irregularly distributed on the microstructure, and the number of secondary structures distributed on each microstructure can be the same or can be different.
  • Each secondary structure includes, for example, periodically appearing microunits, and the displacement between two adjacent microunits is, for example, between 0.2um and 5um, specifically, for example, between 0.2um and 1um, or can be directly set It is 0.4um.
  • the micro-unit is, for example, a zigzag structure, and the cross section of the zigzag structure is, for example, triangular, trapezoidal, or rectangular.
  • each secondary structure may also include micro-units that appear aperiodically.
  • the secondary structure will combine with the reflective structure layer 150 to produce a color, and the color can be adjusted through the parameters of the secondary structure.
  • the visible reflective structure layer 150 is colored.
  • colorful patterns can be formed. The appearance of these patterns depends on the viewing angle, and can also change with the change of the viewing angle.
  • the colored pattern can form a dynamic anti-counterfeiting feature.
  • the anti-counterfeit image of the anti-counterfeit image layer can be produced by, for example, coating, printing and the like.
  • the anti-counterfeiting image is, for example, a static image.
  • the static image is formed by, for example, digital printing, printing, laser marking and the like. Static images do not change under multiple angles, which is conducive to the storage and presentation of information, and digital printing is easy to achieve the purpose of "one object, one image".
  • a still image contains coded information, for example.
  • the static image may be, for example, a one-dimensional code or a two-dimensional code, such as a quick response code (QR Code).
  • QR Code quick response code
  • the code system of the one-dimensional code can be EAN code, 39 code, cross 25 code, UPC code, 128 code, 93 code, ISBN code, Codabar, etc.
  • the code system of the QR code can be PDF417, QR Code, Code49, Code16K, Code One, Data Matrix, Maxi Code, etc. These codes can be identified using mobile terminals such as handheld code reading equipment, industrial assembly line code reading equipment, and smart phones, and the identified code data can be transmitted to the database for entry and comparison.
  • the two-dimensional code can also be provided with optical anti-counterfeit features, for example.
  • the anti-counterfeit image is provided with at least one position detection pattern, for example. Furthermore, the anti-counterfeiting image is provided with, for example, three non-collinear position detection patterns.
  • Another embodiment of the present application also provides an anti-counterfeiting product, which includes the anti-counterfeiting image element of any of the foregoing embodiments of the present application.
  • anti-counterfeit products include but are not limited to banknotes such as paper banknotes and polymer banknotes, and identification cards such as credit cards, bank cards, cash cards, authorization cards, personal ID cards and passports.
  • the anti-counterfeit image element is arranged at a local position of the anti-counterfeit product.
  • the present application is not limited thereto, and can also be arranged at other suitable positions as required, which will not be enumerated here.
  • Fig. 2A is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a kind of anti-counterfeit image element 10 whose microstructure is a spherical cap-shaped curved surface structure and an anti-counterfeit image layer is located on the second surface.
  • 11 is a transparent PET substrate with a thickness of 15um to 30um
  • a spherical cap-shaped curved surface structure is formed on the upper surface of the substrate 11
  • the lateral dimension of each curved surface structure ranges from 30um to 50um.
  • the array 12 is prepared by laser direct writing, and formed on the first surface of the substrate 11, such as the upper surface, by means of UV embossing or the like.
  • the maximum pitch angle of the array 12 can be designed to be 20 degrees, for example.
  • relatively flat areas 14 of the array 12 for example, areas where the elevation angle is 0° to 8°, there is no reflective structure layer.
  • there is a reflective structure layer in the relatively steep region 13 for example, the region with a pitch angle of 8° to 20°.
  • the reflective structure layer for example, an Al layer with a thickness of 30 nm is selected.
  • the second surface of the substrate 11, such as the lower surface, has an anti-counterfeiting image.
  • the security image can be, for example, a black and white coded image with black areas 15 and white areas 16 .
  • the anti-counterfeiting image on the second surface can be observed along the direction 17 .
  • the observer 181 and the substrate 11 form a large angle, only the region 13 can be seen along the direction 18, and the reflective structure layer on the region 13 will block part or all of the flat light-transmitting region 14, thereby completely
  • the security image of the second surface cannot be observed or a part of the security image can be observed.
  • the reflective structure layer of the array 12 can be realized by vacuum evaporating reflective material. After evaporation, the reflective material in the relatively flat region 14 of the array 12 is removed by laser ablation. In addition, volatile materials can also be contact-printed on relatively flat areas of the array 12, and then reflective materials can be evaporated. During the evaporation process, the volatile substances can prevent the adhesion of reflective materials, thus forming the areas 14 without reflective structural layers.
  • 2B is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of an anti-counterfeiting image element 20 whose microstructure is a spherical cap-shaped surface structure and the anti-counterfeiting image layer is located on the reflective structure layer.
  • 21 is a transparent PET substrate with a thickness of 15um to 30um
  • a spherical cap-shaped curved surface structure is formed on the upper surface of the substrate 21
  • the lateral dimension of each curved surface structure ranges from 30um to 50um.
  • the array 22 is prepared by laser direct writing, and formed on the first surface of the substrate 21 such as the upper surface by means of UV embossing or the like.
  • the maximum pitch angle of the array 22 can be designed to be 20 degrees, for example.
  • the reflective structure layer is selected as, for example, a 30 nm thick Al layer.
  • the upper surface of the array 22 is coated with a transparent adhesive layer 23, the effect of the transparent adhesive layer 23 fills the array 22, and the refractive index of the transparent adhesive layer 23 is the same as or very close to that of the array 22, so that the light passes through the array 22 and the array 22. No reflection and refraction occur at the junction of the transparent adhesive layer 23 .
  • An anti-counterfeit image is provided on the upper surface of the transparent adhesive layer 23 , such as a black and white coded image, which has a black area 26 and a white area 27 .
  • a black and white coded image which has a black area 26 and a white area 27 .
  • the black region 26 and the white region 27 of the anti-counterfeit image can be observed along the direction 28, and when the observer 291 forms a larger angle with the substrate 21
  • the reflective structure layer on the region 25 blocks part or all of the flat light-permeable region 24, so that the anti-counterfeiting image or the second surface cannot be observed at all. A portion of the security image is observed.
  • the reflective structure layer of the array 22 can be realized by vacuum evaporating reflective material. After evaporation, the reflective material in the relatively flat region 24 of the array 22 is removed by laser ablation. In addition, a volatile material can also be contact-printed on a relatively flat area of the array 22, and then the reflective material is evaporated. During the evaporation process, the volatile material prevents the adhesion of the reflective material, thus forming the area 24 without a reflective structure layer.
  • Fig. 2C is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of an anti-counterfeiting image element 30 whose microstructure is a diffuse reflection structure and an anti-counterfeiting image layer is located on the second surface, and it is only one in which the microstructure is a diffuse reflection structure and the anti-counterfeiting image layer is located on the second surface
  • 31 is a transparent PET substrate with a thickness of 15 to 30um
  • a plurality of diffuse reflection structures 32 with diffuse reflection characteristics are formed on the upper surface of the substrate 31
  • the diffuse reflection structure 32 is formed on the upper surface of the substrate 31.
  • the reflective structure 32 can be realized by dividing and rearranging an array composed of a group of spherical crown-shaped curved surface structures in FIG. 2A or FIG. 2B , or by using a computer to randomly generate the azimuth and elevation angles of the diffuse reflective structure 32. .
  • the lateral dimension of the diffuse reflection structure 32 ranges from 10 um to 30 um.
  • These diffuse reflective structures 32 can be prepared by means of laser direct writing, electron beam direct writing, etc., and formed on the first surface, such as the upper surface, of the substrate 31 by means of UV embossing or the like.
  • the maximum elevation angle of these diffuse reflection structures 32 can be designed to be 20 degrees, for example, and the elevation angles and positions of these diffuse reflection structures 32 can be designed to be randomly distributed.
  • the region with a pitch angle of 0° to 8° has a reflective structure layer.
  • the reflective structure layer is selected as a 30nm thick Al layer.
  • the second surface of the substrate 31, such as the lower surface, has an anti-counterfeit image.
  • the anti-counterfeit image is a black and white coded image with black areas 35 and white areas 36 .
  • the image of the second surface can be observed along the direction 37, while when the observer 381 is at a relatively large angle to the substrate 31, only the region 34 can be seen along the direction 38,
  • the reflective structure layer on the region 34 blocks part or all of the flat light-permeable region 33 , so that the anti-counterfeiting image on the second surface cannot be observed at all or a part of the anti-counterfeiting image.
  • the reflective structure layer of the diffuse reflective structure 32 can be realized by vacuum evaporation of reflective material. After the vapor deposition, the reflective material in the relatively flat area of the diffuse reflection structure 32 is removed by means of laser ablation. In addition, a volatile material can also be contact-printed on a relatively flat area of the diffuse reflection structure 32, and then the reflective material is evaporated. During the evaporation process, the volatile material prevents the adhesion of the reflective material, thus forming the area 33 without the reflective structure layer.
  • the present application can also set the example when the microstructure is a diffuse reflection structure, that is, the anti-counterfeit image in Figure 2C is set on the upper surface side On the reflective structure layer, its structure and principle will not be described in detail here.
  • FIG. 2D is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic view of the anti-counterfeiting image element in FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B provided with the secondary structure 42 .
  • 40 is an array composed of multiple spherical cap-shaped surface structures.
  • 41 is the area coated with the reflective structure layer Al, which does not contain any secondary structure.
  • Secondary structures 42 are arranged on the spherical cap-shaped surface structure, and the secondary structures 42 are submicron gratings.
  • Each secondary structure 42 includes, for example, periodically occurring micro-units. The displacement between two adjacent micro-units is, for example, in Between 0.2um and 5um.
  • the micro unit is, for example, a zigzag structure with a triangular cross section.
  • the surface of the secondary structure 42 is covered with a reflective structure layer Al, and this combination can produce color through the principle of surface plasmon absorption or the principle of interference.
  • 43 is a region without the reflective structure layer Al. 43 is located in an area with a small pitch angle, such as 0° to 8°, that is, a relatively flat area, while 41 and 42 are located in an area with a large pitch angle, that is, a relatively steep area, such as 8° to 20°.
  • a small pitch angle such as 0° to 8°
  • 41 and 42 are located in an area with a large pitch angle, that is, a relatively steep area, such as 8° to 20°.
  • These areas can be designed to have at least one color pattern, and the color patterns can be distributed in areas with different pitch angles, that is, corresponding to different viewing angles. Thus, different color patterns appear at large viewing angles. For example, red patterns appear at 10 degrees to 15 degrees, and blue patterns appear at 15 degrees to 20 degrees.
  • the secondary structure of the embodiment of the present application is not limited to be set on the microstructure shown in Figure 2A and Figure 2B, the present application can also set the secondary structure on any On the microstructure of this embodiment or example, its structure and principle will not be described in detail here.
  • 3A, 3B, and 3C are schematic diagrams of the visual effects of the anti-counterfeiting image elements in Fig. 2A and Fig. 2B under three different viewing angles.
  • 51 is the image observed when the anti-counterfeiting image element is rotated counterclockwise
  • 56 is a group of ring distributions contained on the observed image 51, and the position, shape, size, etc.
  • optical anti-counterfeit feature 55 which can be a holographic diffraction feature, a microlens array magnifying dynamic feature, an optical three-dimensional relief feature, and the like.
  • 53 is the image observed when the anti-counterfeit image element is rotated clockwise
  • 57 is a group of ring distributions contained on the observed image. The position, shape, size, etc. of the ring depend on the angle of clockwise rotation, so that Changes such as translational movement, rotational movement, image switching, image deformation and/or image scaling are further produced, and this transformation forms a dynamic anti-counterfeiting feature. A characteristic that appears as a result of a change in viewing angle.
  • the anti-counterfeit image element and anti-counterfeit product proposed by the embodiment of the present application include: a light-transmitting substrate layer, including an opposite first surface and a second surface; a microstructure layer, located on the first surface Above, the microstructure layer includes a plurality of microstructures, each microstructure includes a gentle area and/or a non-smooth area, and the pitch angle of the microstructure in the gentle area is smaller than the pitch angle of the microstructure in the non-smooth area; the reflective structure layer, located in the micro On the structure layer, the reflective structure layer covers at least a part of the non-smooth area; and the anti-counterfeit image layer is provided with an anti-counterfeit image, and the anti-counterfeit image layer is located on the reflective structure layer or on the second surface, so that the anti-counterfeit image and side view can be realized when viewed from the front. Dynamic features appear during observation, thereby solving the technical problem that existing anti-counterfeiting products are easy

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供一种防伪图像元件和防伪产品，属于防伪技术领域。防伪图像元件包括：可透光基材层，包括相对的第一表面和第二表面；微结构层，位于第一表面上，微结构层包括多个微结构，每个微结构包括平缓区域和/或非平缓区域，平缓区域的微结构的俯仰角小于非平缓区域的微结构的俯仰角；反射结构层，位于微结构层上，反射结构层覆盖非平缓区域的至少一部分；以及防伪图像层，设置有防伪图像，防伪图像层位于反射结构层上或位于第二表面上。本申请实施例可以实现正面观察时出现防伪图像、侧面观察时出现动态特征，从而可以解决现有防伪产品易于伪造的技术问题。

Description

防伪图像元件和防伪产品 技术领域
本申请涉及防伪技术领域，具体涉及一种防伪图像元件和防伪产品。
背景技术
现有技术中，为了防止利用扫描和复印等手段进行的伪造，钞票、金融票据等数据载体如有价或证明文件，以及其它贵重物品如名牌物品，通常配置有安全元件，以验证数据载体的真实性，同时防止其未经许可被复制。
编码技术是比较常见的一种应用在安全元件中的防伪技术。编码技术的目的是用来验证数据载体的真实性，同时防止其未经许可被复制。通过网络建立核验终端和数据库之间的通信，从而对数据载体的真实性进行验证。目前，为对大批量产品建立“一物一码”的编码体系，需要使用数字印刷设备或打码设备制作可变的编码。但是这种编码是容易采用扫描、拍照等方式记录并采用商用的数字印刷设备进行批量复制的，从而破坏每个编码的“唯一性”。因此，急需提出一种技术方案来解决现有技术中的上述技术问题。
申请内容
本申请实施例的目的是提供一种防伪图像元件和防伪产品，可以实现正面观察时出现防伪图像、侧面观察时出现动态特征，从而可以解决现有防伪产品易于伪造的技术问题。
为了实现上述目的，本申请第一方面提供一种防伪图像元件，包括：可透光基材层，包括相对的第一表面和第二表面；微结构层，位于第一表面上，微结构层包括多个微结构，每个微结构包括平缓区域和/或非平缓区域，平缓区域的微结构的俯仰角小于非平缓区域的微结构的俯仰角；反射结构层，位 于微结构层上，反射结构层覆盖非平缓区域的至少一部分；以及防伪图像层，设置有防伪图像，防伪图像层位于反射结构层上或位于第二表面上。
在本申请实施例中，可透光基材层的材质选自PET塑料、BOPP塑料和PC塑料中的至少一者。
在本申请实施例中，微结构的横向尺寸的取值范围为5um至100um。
在本申请实施例中，微结构的横向尺寸的取值范围为10um至50um。
在本申请实施例中，微结构层的表面包括平面和/或曲面。
在本申请实施例中，微结构为球冠型的曲面结构。
在本申请实施例中，微结构为漫反射结构。
在本申请实施例中，防伪图像元件还包括：透明涂层，透明涂层位于反射结构层上，防伪图像层位于透明涂层上。
在本申请实施例中，透明涂层的折射率与微结构的折射率相同，以使光线在经过微结构和透明涂层的交界处时不发生反射和折射。
在本申请实施例中，微结构的俯仰角的最大值大于5度。
在本申请实施例中，微结构的俯仰角的最大值大于10度。
在本申请实施例中，非平缓区域的微结构的俯仰角不小于预设值，平缓区域的微结构的俯仰角小于预设值，预设值为微结构的俯仰角的最大值的0.3倍。
在本申请实施例中，反射结构层为金属单层结构。
在本申请实施例中，反射结构层为由金属和/或介质组成的多层结构。
在本申请实施例中，反射结构层提供动态防伪特征。
在本申请实施例中，动态防伪特征包括：反射结构层随着观察角度的变化而出现的平移运动、旋转运动、图像切换、图像变形和/或图像缩放的变化。
在本申请实施例中，非平缓区域的至少一部分设置有次级结构。
在本申请实施例中，动态防伪特征包括：反射结构层随着观察角度的变 化而出现的颜色和/或花纹的变化。
在本申请实施例中，每个次级结构包括周期性出现的微单元，相邻两个微单元之间的位移为0.2um至5um。
在本申请实施例中，相邻两个所述微单元之间的位移为0.2um至1um。
在本申请实施例中，次级结构为光栅结构。
在本申请实施例中，防伪图像为静态图像。
在本申请实施例中，静态图像包含编码信息。
在本申请实施例中，静态图像为二维码。
在本申请实施例中，静态图像为快速响应码。
在本申请实施例中，二维码设置有光学防伪特征。
在本申请实施例中，防伪图像设置有至少一个位置探测图形。
在本申请实施例中，防伪图像设置有三个不共线的位置探测图形。
在本申请实施例中，在防伪图像层位于反射结构层上的情况下，在第二表面一侧且正对第二表面观察时得到防伪图像。
在本申请实施例中，在防伪图像层位于第二表面上的情况下，在第一表面一侧且正对第一表面观察时得到防伪图像。
本申请第二方面还提供一种防伪产品，包括前述实施例的防伪图像元件。
在本申请实施例中，防伪产品为纸质钞票、聚合物钞票、信用卡、银行卡、现金卡、授权卡、个人身份证或护照。
本申请实施例通过防伪图像元件包括：可透光基材层，包括相对的第一表面和第二表面；微结构层，位于第一表面上，微结构层包括多个微结构，每个微结构包括平缓区域和/或非平缓区域，平缓区域的微结构的俯仰角小于非平缓区域的微结构的俯仰角；反射结构层，位于微结构层上，反射结构层覆盖非平缓区域的至少一部分；以及防伪图像层，设置有防伪图像，防伪图像层位于反射结构层上或位于第二表面上，可以实现正面观察时出现防伪图 像、侧面观察时出现动态特征，从而可以解决现有防伪产品易于伪造的技术问题。
本申请实施例的其它特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。
附图说明
附图是用来提供对本申请实施例的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本申请实施例，但并不构成对本申请实施例的限制。在附图中：
图1是本申请实施例的一种防伪图像元件的剖面结构示意图。
图2A是本申请示例的微结构为球冠型的曲面结构且防伪图像层位于第二表面上的一种防伪图像元件的剖面结构示意图。
图2B是本申请示例的微结构为球冠型的曲面结构且防伪图像层位于反射结构层上的一种防伪图像元件的剖面结构示意图。
图2C是本申请示例的微结构为漫反射结构且防伪图像层位于第二表面上的一种防伪图像元件的剖面结构示意图。
图2D是图2A和图2B中的防伪图像元件中设置有次级结构的局部剖面结构示意图。
图3A、图3B、图3C是图2A和图2B中的防伪图像元件在三种不同观察角度下的视觉效果示意图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本申请实施例的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本申请实施例，并不用于限制本申请实施例。
如图1所示，本申请实施例提供了一种防伪图像元件100，包括：可透光基材层110、微结构层130、反射结构层150和防伪图像层(图中未示出)。
其中，可透光基材层110例如包括相对的第一表面和第二表面。可透光基材层110的材质例如选自PET塑料、BOPP塑料和PC塑料中的至少一者，但本申请实施例并不局限于此。
微结构层130例如位于第一表面(如图1中的上表面)上，微结构层130例如包括多个微结构(图中未示出)，每个微结构例如包括平缓区域和/或非平缓区域，平缓区域的微结构的俯仰角例如小于非平缓区域的微结构的俯仰角。本申请实施例所说的俯仰角例如为微结构的表面各点处相对于第一表面所形成的夹角。具体地，若微结构的某点处及附近的表面为曲面，那么微结构的表面上某点处所具有的俯仰角为该点处的切面相对于第一表面所形成的夹角。若微结构的某点处及附近的表面为平面，那么微结构的表面上某点处所具有的俯仰角为该点处的平面相对于第一表面所形成的夹角。
反射结构层150例如位于微结构层130上，反射结构层150例如覆盖非平缓区域的至少一部分。平缓区域例如未设置有任何反射结构层150，进一步地，在未覆盖有反射结构层150的微结构层130表面例如通过涂布胶层填平。通过在非平缓区域上设置有反射结构层150，平缓区域未设置有任何反射结构层150。
防伪图像层设置有防伪图像，防伪图像层例如位于反射结构层上也即第一表面一侧，或者位于第二表面(如图1中的下表面)上也即第二表面一侧。从而可以在第二表面一侧观察到位于第一表面的防伪图像，或者可以在第一表面一侧观察到位于第二表面的防伪图像。以防伪图像层设置在第二表面上也即第二表面一侧时为例来说，在第一表面一侧且正对第一表面观察，可以透过无反射结构层150的平缓区域看到第二表面的防伪图像，而在第一表面一侧且相对于第一表面大角度倾斜观察，反射结构层150将无反射结构层 150的平缓区域遮挡，只能看到反射结构层150，也基本看不到第二表面的防伪图像，由此产生防伪图像的隐藏。同理，当防伪图像层位于第一表面一侧，可在第二表面一侧观察该防伪图像的出现和隐藏。
具体地，微结构的横向尺寸的取值范围例如为5um至100um。更进一步地，微结构的横向尺寸的取值范围例如为10um至50um。
具体地，微结构层130的表面例如包括平面和/或曲面。微结构例如可为球冠型的曲面结构，球冠型的曲面结构的表面例如由曲面组成。微结构例如还可以组成周期性分布的微结构阵列。微结构例如为漫反射结构，漫反射结构的表面例如由平面和/或曲面组成，例如可以通过把球冠型的曲面结构切割得到的多个部分顺序打乱重组之后得到，还可以是多个平面组合得到，漫反射结构用于对照射来的光线产生漫反射效果。
防伪图像元件100例如还包括：透明涂层(图中未示出)，透明涂层例如位于反射结构层150上，此种情况下，防伪图像层例如设置于透明涂层上而非位于第二表面上。可预先在反射结构层150上涂布透明涂层使其平整，然后在透明涂层上制作防伪图像。透明涂层的折射率例如与微结构的折射率相同，以使光线在经过微结构和透明涂层的交界处时不发生反射和折射。
微结构的俯仰角的最大值例如大于5度。更具体地，微结构的俯仰角的最大值例如大于10度。平缓区域的微结构例如具有较小的俯仰角例如小于预设值，非平缓区域的微结构例如具有较大的俯仰角，例如大于等于预设值，从而达到在平缓区域的微结构的俯仰角均小于非平缓区域的微结构的俯仰角，进一步地，预设值例如设置为微结构的俯仰角的最大值的0.3倍。举例来说，如果微结构的俯仰角的最大值取值为45度，那么预设值就设置为微结构的俯仰角的最大值的0.3倍也即13.5度，微结构的俯仰角大于等于13.5度的区域均为非平缓区域的组成部分，微结构的俯仰角小于13.5度的区域均为平缓区域的组成部分。如果微结构的俯仰角的最大值取值为10度，那么 预设值就设置为3度，依次类推，在此不再赘述。
反射结构层150例如可为金属单层结构或者为由金属和/或介质组成的多层结构。反射结构层150例如可以为通过物理气相沉积的金属镀层。金属本身可以对光线产生反射效果。反射结构层150为多层结构时，多层结构至少具有两种不同的折射率，以使光线在照射在多层结构的表面上时产生反射效果。进一步地，反射结构层150例如提供动态防伪特征，动态防伪特征例如包括：反射结构层150随着观察角度的变化而出现的平移运动、旋转运动、图像切换、图像变形和/或图像缩放的变化。反射结构层150例如还可以采用“金属/介质/金属”的三层干涉镀层。
非平缓区域的至少一部分例如设置有次级结构(图中未示出)。反射结构层150例如提供动态防伪特征，动态防伪特征例如包括：反射结构层150随着观察角度的变化而出现的颜色和/或花纹的变化。次级结构例如为光栅结构。次级结构的尺度最好较微结构小至少一个量级。次级结构例如可为有规律地例如周期性地或者均匀分布在微结构上，当然次级结构也可以无规律地分布在微结构上，每个微结构上分布的次级结构数目可以相同也可以不同。每个次级结构例如包括周期性出现的微单元，相邻两个微单元之间的位移例如在0.2um至5um之间，具体地，例如可在0.2um至1um之间，或者可直接设置为0.4um。微单元例如为锯齿形结构，锯齿形结构的截面例如为三角形或梯形或矩形等。当然，本申请实施例并不局限于此，每个次级结构还可以是包括非周期性出现的微单元。次级结构会与反射结构层150结合产生颜色，颜色可通过次级结构的参数进行调节。从而，在第一表面一侧且相对于第一表面大角度倾斜观察，所看到的反射结构层150是具有颜色的。通过设计次级结构在较大倾斜角度区域的分布，可形成彩色的花纹，这些花纹的出现是依赖观察角度的，也是可以随着观察角度变化而发生变化的。由此，彩色的花纹可形成一种动态防伪特征。
进一步地，防伪图像层的防伪图像例如可以通过涂布、印刷等方式制作。防伪图像例如为静态图像。静态图像例如是通过数码印刷、打印、激光打码等方式形成。静态图像在多角度下不发生变化，利于信息的存储和呈现，且数码印刷易于实现“一物一图像”的目的。静态图像例如包含编码信息。具体地，静态图像例如可为一维码或者二维码，例如是快速响应码(QR Code)等。一维码的码制可以为EAN码、39码、交叉25码、UPC码、128码、93码、ISBN码、Codabar等。二维码的码制可以为PDF417、QR Code、Code49、Code16K、Code One、Data Matrix、Maxi Code等。这些编码可以使用手持式读码设备、工业流水线读码设备、智能手机等移动终端进行识别，并可以将所识别的编码数据传输至数据库完成录入和对比。更进一步地，二维码例如还可设置有光学防伪特征。
进一步地，防伪图像例如设置有至少一个位置探测图形。更进一步地，防伪图像例如设置有三个不共线的位置探测图形。
本申请另一实施例还提供一种防伪产品，其包括本申请前述任意实施例的防伪图像元件。防伪产品的形式例如包括但不限于钞票例如纸质钞票和聚合物钞票等，以及证卡例如信用卡、银行卡、现金卡、授权卡、个人身份证和护照等。防伪图像元件例如设置在防伪产品的局部位置，当然本申请并不局限于此，还可以根据需要设置在其他合适的位置，在此不再枚举。
下面结合几个具体示例来说明本申请实施例的防伪图像元件：
图2A是微结构为球冠型的曲面结构且防伪图像层位于第二表面上的一种防伪图像元件10的剖面结构示意图，其仅为微结构为球冠型的曲面结构且防伪图像层位于第二表面上的一种情形的示例，本申请并不局限于此，其中，11为透明的PET基材，厚度为15um至30um，在基材11的上表面形成有球冠型的曲面结构组成的阵列12，每个曲面结构的横向尺寸的取值范围为30um至50um。阵列12是通过激光直写制备原版，并通过UV压印等方 式形成于基材11的第一表面例如上表面。阵列12所具有的最大的俯仰角例如可设计为20度。在阵列12的较为平坦的区域14，例如其俯仰角为0度至8度的区域无反射结构层。而在较为陡峭的区域13，例如其俯仰角为8度至20度的区域具有反射结构层。反射结构层例如选择30nm厚的Al层。基材11的第二表面例如下表面具有防伪图像。该防伪图像例如可为一种黑白编码图像，具有黑色区域15和白色区域16。当观察者171正对基材11时，沿着方向17可观察到第二表面的防伪图像。而当观察者181与基材11成较大角度时，沿着方向18只可看到区域13，区域13上的反射结构层将平坦的可透光的区域14部分或全部区域遮挡，从而完全不能观察到第二表面的防伪图像或者观察到防伪图像的一部分。
阵列12的反射结构层可以通过真空蒸镀反射材料的方式实现。蒸镀后，通过激光烧蚀的方式对阵列12的较为平坦的区域14的反射材料进行去除。另外，也可以在阵列12的较为平坦的区域接触印刷挥发性材料，然后蒸镀反射材料，在蒸镀过程中挥发性物质阻止反射材料的附着，因而形成无反射结构层的区域14。
图2B是微结构为球冠型的曲面结构且防伪图像层位于反射结构层上的一种防伪图像元件20的剖面结构示意图，其仅为微结构为球冠型的曲面结构且防伪图像层位于反射结构层上的一种情形的示例，本申请并不局限于此，其中，21为透明的PET基材，厚度为15um至30um，在基材21的上表面形成有球冠型的曲面结构组成的阵列22，每个曲面结构的横向尺寸的取值范围为30um至50um。阵列22是通过激光直写制备原版，并通过UV压印等方式形成于基材21的第一表面例如上表面。阵列22所具有的最大的俯仰角例如可设计为20度。在阵列22的较为平坦的区域24，其俯仰角为0度至8度的区域无反射结构层，而在较为陡峭的区域25，其俯仰角为8度至20度的区域具有反射结构层。反射结构层例如选择为30nm厚的Al层。在阵列 22的上表面涂布有透明胶层23，透明胶层23的作用将阵列22填平，透明胶层23的折射率与阵列22的折射率相同或者非常接近，从而光线经过阵列22和透明胶层23的交界处不发生反射和折射。在透明胶层23的上表面具有防伪图像，该防伪图像例如为一种黑白编码图像，具有黑色区域26和白色区域27。当观察者281在基材21的第二表面一侧正对基材21沿着方向28可观察到防伪图像的黑色区域26和白色区域27，而当观察者291与基材21成较大角度时，沿着方向29观察，只可看到区域25，区域25上的反射结构层将平坦的可透光的区域24的部分或全部区域遮挡，从而完全不能观察到第二表面的防伪图像或者观察到防伪图像的一部分。
阵列22的反射结构层可以通过真空蒸镀反射材料的方式实现。蒸镀后，通过激光烧蚀的方式对阵列22的较为平坦的区域24的反射材料进行去除。另外，也可以在阵列22的较为平坦的区域接触印刷挥发性材料，然后蒸镀反射材料，在蒸镀过程中挥发性物质阻止反射材料的附着，因而形成无反射结构层的区域24。
图2C是微结构为漫反射结构且防伪图像层位于第二表面上的一种防伪图像元件30的剖面结构示意图，其仅为微结构为漫反射结构且防伪图像层位于第二表面上的一种情形的示例，本申请并不局限于此，其中，31为透明的PET基材，厚度为15至30um，在基材31的上表面形成多个具有漫反射特性的漫反射结构32，漫反射结构32可以通过将一组图2A或图2B中的球冠型的曲面结构组成的阵列进行分割并重新排列而实现，也可以利用计算机随机生成漫反射结构32的方位角和俯仰角而实现。漫反射结构32的横向尺度取值范围为10um至30um。这些漫反射结构32可以通过激光直写、电子束直写等方式制备原版，并通过UV压印等方式形成于基材31的第一表面例如上表面。这些漫反射结构32所具有的最大的俯仰角例如可设计为20度，这些漫反射结构32的俯仰角和位置可设计为随机分布的。在漫反射结构32 的较为平坦的区域33，其俯仰角为0度至8度的区域无反射结构层，而在较为陡峭的区域34，其俯仰角为8度至20度的区域具有反射结构层。该反射结构层选择为30nm厚的Al层。基材31的第二表面例如下表面具有防伪图像。该防伪图像为一种黑白编码图像，具有黑色区域35和白色区域36。当观察者371正对基材31时，沿着方向37可观察到第二表面的图像，而当观察者381与基材31成较大角度时，沿着方向38只可看到区域34，区域34上的反射结构层将平坦的可透光的区域33的部分或全部区域遮挡，从而完全不能观察到第二表面的防伪图像或者观察到防伪图像的一部分。
漫反射结构32的反射结构层可以通过真空蒸镀反射材料的方式实现。蒸镀后，通过激光烧蚀的方式对漫反射结构32的较为平坦的区域的反射材料进行去除。另外，也可以在漫反射结构32的较为平坦的区域接触印刷挥发性材料，然后蒸镀反射材料，在蒸镀过程中挥发性物质阻止反射材料的附着，因而形成无反射结构层的区域33。
当然，如前所述，和微结构为球冠型的曲面结构时的示例相似，本申请也可以将微结构为漫反射结构时的示例也即图2C中的防伪图像设置在上表面一侧的反射结构层上，在此不再详述其结构和原理。
图2D是图2A和图2B中的防伪图像元件中设置有次级结构42的局部剖面结构示意图。40为由多个球冠型曲面结构组成的阵列。41为镀有反射结构层Al的区域，该区域不包含任何次级结构。球冠型曲面结构上排布有次级结构42，次级结构42为亚微米光栅，每个次级结构42例如包括周期性出现的微单元，相邻两个微单元之间的位移例如在0.2um至5um之间。微单元例如为截面为三角形的锯齿形结构。在次级结构42表面覆盖有反射结构层Al，这种组合可以通过表面等离子吸收的原理或干涉的原理产生颜色。43为不带有反射结构层Al的区域。43位于俯仰角较小的区域，例如0度至8度也即较为平坦的区域，而41和42位于俯仰角较大的区域也即较为陡峭 的区域，例如8度至20度。在倾斜观察时，观察者将看到俯仰角较大的区域，这些区域可设计为具有至少一种颜色花纹，且颜色花纹可以分布在不同俯仰角度的区域，即对应于不同的观察角度。因而，在大观察角度下出现不同的颜色花纹。例如10度至15度出现红色的花纹，而在15度至20度出现蓝色的花纹。
当然，如前所述，本申请实施例的次级结构并不局限于设置在图2A和图2B所示的微结构上，本申请也可以将次级结构设置在本申请所提供的任何一种实施例或示例的微结构上，在此不再详述其结构和原理。
图3A、3B、3C分别是图2A和图2B中防伪图像元件在三种不同观察角度下的视觉效果示意图。51为在逆时针旋转防伪图像元件时所观察到的图像，56为观察到的图像51上包含的一组圆环分布，圆环的位置、形状、大小等依赖于逆时针旋转的角度，从而可进一步产生为平移运动、旋转运动、图像切换、图像变形和/或图像缩放等的变化，这种变换形成一种动态防伪特征，这种动态防伪特征为反射结构层随着逆时针旋转防伪图像元件引起的观察角度的变化而出现的特征。52为正面观察防伪图像元件时出现的QR码54，该二维码本身是静态的，即不随观察角度改变而发生改变的，这可以通过印刷或数码印刷等工艺实现，该二维码上还可以带有光学防伪特征55，该特征可为全息衍射特征、微透镜阵列放大动感特征、光学立体浮雕特征等。53为在顺时针旋转防伪图像元件时所观察到的图像，57为观察到的图像上包含的一组圆环分布，圆环的位置、形状、大小等依赖于顺时针旋转的角度，从而可进一步产生为平移运动、旋转运动、图像切换、图像变形和/或图像缩放等的变化，这种变换形成一种动态防伪特征，这种动态防伪特征为反射结构层随着逆时针旋转防伪图像元件引起的观察角度的变化而出现的特征。
综上所述，本申请实施例提出的防伪图像元件和防伪产品，通过防伪图像元件包括：可透光基材层，包括相对的第一表面和第二表面；微结构层， 位于第一表面上，微结构层包括多个微结构，每个微结构包括平缓区域和/或非平缓区域，平缓区域的微结构的俯仰角小于非平缓区域的微结构的俯仰角；反射结构层，位于微结构层上，反射结构层覆盖非平缓区域的至少一部分；以及防伪图像层，设置有防伪图像，防伪图像层位于反射结构层上或位于第二表面上，可以实现正面观察时出现防伪图像、侧面观察时出现动态特征，从而可以解决现有防伪产品易于伪造的技术问题。
还需要说明的是，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、商品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、商品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个......”限定的要素，并不排除在包括要素的过程、方法、商品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
以上仅为本申请的实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请。对于本领域技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原理之内所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的权利要求范围之内。

Claims (32)

  1. 一种防伪图像元件，其特征在于，包括：
    可透光基材层，包括相对的第一表面和第二表面；
    微结构层，位于所述第一表面上，所述微结构层包括多个微结构，每个所述微结构包括平缓区域和/或非平缓区域，所述平缓区域的所述微结构的俯仰角小于所述非平缓区域的所述微结构的俯仰角；
    反射结构层，位于所述微结构层上，所述反射结构层覆盖所述非平缓区域的至少一部分；以及
    防伪图像层，设置有防伪图像，所述防伪图像层位于所述反射结构层上或位于所述第二表面上。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的防伪图像元件，其特征在于，所述可透光基材层的材质选自PET塑料、BOPP塑料和PC塑料中的至少一者。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的防伪图像元件，其特征在于，所述微结构的横向尺寸的取值范围为5um至100um。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的防伪图像元件，其特征在于，所述微结构的横向尺寸的取值范围为10um至50um。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的防伪图像元件，其特征在于，所述微结构层的表面包括平面和/或曲面。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的防伪图像元件，其特征在于，所述微结构为球冠型的曲面结构。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的防伪图像元件，其特征在于，所述微结构为 漫反射结构。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的防伪图像元件，其特征在于，还包括：透明涂层，所述透明涂层位于所述反射结构层上，所述防伪图像层位于所述透明涂层上。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的防伪图像元件，其特征在于，所述透明涂层的折射率与所述微结构的折射率相同，以使光线在经过所述微结构和所述透明涂层的交界处时不发生反射和折射。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的防伪图像元件，其特征在于，所述微结构的俯仰角的最大值大于5度。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的防伪图像元件，其特征在于，所述微结构的俯仰角的最大值大于10度。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的防伪图像元件，其特征在于，所述非平缓区域的所述微结构的俯仰角不小于预设值，所述平缓区域的所述微结构的俯仰角小于所述预设值，所述预设值为所述微结构的俯仰角的最大值的0.3倍。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的防伪图像元件，其特征在于，所述反射结构层为金属单层结构。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的防伪图像元件，其特征在于，所述反射结构层为由金属和/或介质组成的多层结构。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的防伪图像元件，其特征在于，所述反射结构层提供动态防伪特征。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的防伪图像元件，其特征在于，所述动态防伪特征包括：所述反射结构层随着观察角度的变化而出现的平移运动、旋转运动、图像切换、图像变形和/或图像缩放的变化。
  17. 根据权利要求15所述的防伪图像元件，其特征在于，所述非平缓区域的至少一部分设置有次级结构。
  18. 根据权利要求15所述的防伪图像元件，其特征在于，所述动态防伪特征包括：所述反射结构层随着观察角度的变化而出现的颜色和/或花纹的变化。
  19. 根据权利要求17所述的防伪图像元件，其特征在于，每个所述次级结构包括周期性出现的微单元，相邻两个所述微单元之间的位移为0.2um至5um。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的防伪图像元件，其特征在于，相邻两个所述微单元之间的位移为0.2um至1um。
  21. 根据权利要求17所述的防伪图像元件，其特征在于，所述次级结构为光栅结构。
  22. 根据权利要求1所述的防伪图像元件，其特征在于，所述防伪图像为静态图像。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的防伪图像元件，其特征在于，所述静态图像包含编码信息。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的防伪图像元件，其特征在于，所述静态图像为二维码。
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的防伪图像元件，其特征在于，所述静态图像为快速响应码。
  26. 根据权利要求24所述的防伪图像元件，其特征在于，所述二维码设置有光学防伪特征。
  27. 根据权利要求1所述的防伪图像元件，其特征在于，所述防伪图像设置有至少一个位置探测图形。
  28. 根据权利要求27所述的防伪图像元件，其特征在于，所述防伪图像设置有三个不共线的位置探测图形。
  29. 根据权利要求1所述的防伪图像元件，其特征在于，在所述防伪图像层位于所述反射结构层上的情况下，在所述第二表面一侧且正对所述第二表面观察时得到所述防伪图像。
  30. 根据权利要求1所述的防伪图像元件，其特征在于，在所述防伪图像层位于所述第二表面上的情况下，在所述第一表面一侧且正对所述第一表面观察时得到所述防伪图像。
  31. 一种防伪产品，其特征在于，包括根据权利要求1至30任意一项所述的防伪图像元件。
  32. 根据权利要求31所述的防伪产品，其特征在于，所述防伪产品为纸质钞票、聚合物钞票、信用卡、银行卡、现金卡、授权卡、个人身份证或护照。
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