WO2023020362A1

WO2023020362A1 - Fluid detection apparatus and control method therefor, and electronic device

Info

Publication number: WO2023020362A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/111843
Authority: WO
Inventors: 李英明; 陈森俊; 朱梦尧; 李珠莹; 陈家熠
Original assignee: 华为技术有限公司
Priority date: 2021-08-20
Filing date: 2022-08-11
Publication date: 2023-02-23
Also published as: CN115942213A

Abstract

The embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of fluid measurement. Provided are a fluid detection apparatus and a control method therefor, and an electronic device, which are used for reducing the fluctuations in the performance of the fluid detection apparatus along with the change in an ambient temperature. The fluid detection apparatus comprises a voltage source, at least one heating element, at least one thermistor, and a controller. The thermistor generates a first signal corresponding to the temperature of the thermistor. When the ambient temperature of the thermistor is a first ambient temperature, the voltage source at least outputs a first voltage to the thermistor, and when the ambient temperature of the thermistor changes from the first ambient temperature to a second ambient temperature, the voltage source at least outputs a second voltage to the thermistor, such that a microphone module can still maintain a relatively high performance.

Description

A fluid detection device, its control method, and electronic equipment

This application claims the priority of a Chinese patent application filed with the State Intellectual Property Office on August 20, 2021, with the application number 202110961300.6, and the title of the application is "a fluid detection device and control method, and electronic equipment", the entire content of which is by reference incorporated in this application.

technical field

The present application relates to the technical field of fluid measurement, in particular to a fluid detection device, a control method, and electronic equipment.

Background technique

The vector microphone (acoustic vector sensor, AVS) has the characteristics of good frequency and space consistency of sound signal collection, strong noise suppression ability, and good long-distance sound pickup effect. It is widely used in smart terminal sound pickup technology.

Sensitivity is an important technical index to measure the above-mentioned microphones, such as vector microphones. Currently, vector microphones are usually calibrated for sensitivity before they leave the factory. However, as a vector microphone is a sound wave receiving device, the performance (such as sensitivity) of the vector microphone will be affected by the external environment (such as temperature) when the user's use environment is different, resulting in large fluctuations. In this way, when the user uses the vector microphone, it is difficult to ensure that the vector microphone works in an optimal performance state, thereby degrading the user experience.

Contents of the invention

Embodiments of the present application provide a fluid detection device, a control method, and electronic equipment, which are used to reduce fluctuations in the performance of a fluid detection device such as a vector microphone as the ambient temperature changes.

In order to achieve the above object, the application adopts the following technical solutions:

On the one hand, the embodiment of the present application provides a fluid detection device. The fluid detection device includes a voltage source, a channel for fluid flow, at least one heating element, at least one thermistor, and a controller. Wherein, the heating element is electrically connected to the voltage source. The thermistor is electrically connected to the voltage source; wherein, when the fluid flows in the channel, the fluid flows through the thermistor, so that the thermistor can detect the flow (such as flow rate) of fluid such as gas. The thermistor is used to sense the ambient temperature of the thermistor, and the ambient temperature is related to the temperature of the thermistor itself. When the ambient temperature of the thermistor is the first ambient temperature, the voltage source at least outputs the first voltage to the thermistor; when the ambient temperature of the thermistor is the second ambient temperature, the voltage source outputs at least the first voltage to the thermistor The resistor outputs the second voltage. Wherein, the first ambient temperature is different from the second ambient temperature, and the first voltage is different from the second voltage. In this case, when the fluid detection device is at the first ambient temperature, at least the first voltage can be applied to the thermistor through the voltage source, so that the fluid detection device has higher sensitivity and good signal-to-noise ratio. When the use environment of the fluid detection device changes, for example, when the temperature changes from the above-mentioned first ambient temperature to the second ambient temperature, at least a second voltage can be applied to the thermistor through the above-mentioned voltage source, so that the fluid detection device can still maintain a higher temperature. Sensitivity and good signal-to-noise ratio.

In one embodiment, the first ambient temperature is higher than the second ambient temperature. The first voltage is greater than the second voltage. In this way, when the ambient temperature drops from the first ambient temperature to the second ambient temperature, at least the voltage applied to the thermistor can be reduced from the first voltage to the second voltage. Alternatively, when the ambient temperature increases from the second ambient temperature to the first ambient temperature T1, at least the voltage applied to the thermistor can be increased from the second voltage to the first voltage. In this way, by adjusting at least the voltage applied to the thermistor, fluctuations in the performance of the fluid detection device due to the influence of the ambient temperature are reduced.

In one embodiment, the fluid detection device further includes a controller. The controller is electrically connected to a voltage source. The thermistor is used to generate a first signal corresponding to the temperature of the thermistor; the controller is used to output a voltage control signal to the voltage source according to the first signal, so as to control the output voltage of the voltage source. When the ambient temperature of the thermistor is the first ambient temperature, the controller controls the voltage source to output the first voltage; when the ambient temperature of the thermistor is the second ambient temperature, the controller controls the voltage source to output the second voltage. Voltage. The controller can be a part of the application processor in the electronic equipment with the fluid detection device, or an independent digital signal processor.

In one embodiment, the controller includes a processor circuit and at least one control component. Wherein, the processor circuit is configured to output a voltage control instruction according to the first signal. The control assembly may include a voltage control circuit. The voltage control circuit is electrically connected to the voltage source and the processor circuit. The voltage control circuit is used for outputting a voltage control signal to the voltage source to control the voltage output by the voltage source according to the voltage control command. In this way, the processor circuit can obtain the resistance of the thermistor according to the first signal, and output a voltage control instruction to the voltage control circuit according to the resistance, so that the voltage control circuit can control the output voltage of the voltage source.

In one embodiment, the control assembly further includes a current acquisition circuit. The current acquisition circuit is electrically connected with the voltage source and the processor circuit. The current collecting circuit is used for collecting the current flowing through the thermistor and outputting it to the processor circuit. In this way, the processor circuit can collect the current I output from the voltage source to the thermistor and the voltage U output by the voltage source through the current acquisition circuit to obtain the resistance R of the thermistor. Then the ambient temperature is calculated according to the resistance, and a voltage matching the ambient temperature is provided to the thermistor through the voltage control circuit to control the voltage, so as to reduce fluctuations in the performance of the fluid detection device affected by the ambient temperature.

In one embodiment, before acquiring the first signal, the processor circuit is further configured to receive a user's first mode selection operation, and output a voltage control instruction to the voltage control circuit in response to the first mode selection operation, so that the voltage source outputs The first mode initial voltage. Or, before acquiring the first signal, the processor circuit is further configured to receive the user's second mode selection operation, and output a voltage control instruction to the voltage control circuit in response to the second mode selection operation, so that the voltage source outputs the second mode initial Voltage. Wherein, the initial voltage of the first mode is smaller than the initial voltage of the second mode. The working modes of the above-mentioned fluid detection device may include a first mode, such as a power-saving mode, and a second mode, such as a high-performance mode. In the power-saving mode, the power consumption of the fluid detection device is small, but the electrical signal output by the fluid detection device is small, and the performance (eg, sensitivity) of the fluid detection device is poor at this time. Conversely, in the high-performance mode, the power consumption of the fluid detection device is relatively large, but the electrical signal output by the fluid detection device is relatively large, and the performance of the fluid detection device is relatively good at this time. In this case, the processor circuit can operate the control voltage source to provide different voltages to the thermistor according to the user's mode selection, so as to meet the requirements of different modes.

In one embodiment, the initial voltage of the first mode is 2V˜4V. When the initial voltage U1 in the first mode is less than 2V, the voltage applied to the thermistor is too small, so that the sensitivity of the fluid detection device is too low, which affects the performance of the fluid detection device. In addition, when the initial voltage U1 in the first mode is greater than 4V, the voltage applied to the thermistor is too large, which increases the power consumption of the fluid detection device and reduces the power saving effect. In some embodiments of the present application, the initial voltage U1 in the first mode may be 2V, 2.5V, 3V, 3.5V or 4V. In addition, the initial voltage of the second mode is 5V˜12V. When the initial voltage U2 of the second mode is less than 5V, the voltage applied to the thermistor is too small, so that the sensitivity of the fluid detection device is too low, which is not conducive to the fluid detection device reaching the high performance standard. In addition, when the initial voltage U2 in the second mode is greater than 12V, the voltage applied to the thermistor is too large, which increases the power consumption of the fluid detection device, and the thermistor heats up severely, increasing the risk of failure of the thermistor. In some embodiments of the present application, the aforementioned second mode initial voltage U2 may be 5V, 6V, 7V, 8V, 9V, 10V, 11V or 12V.

In one embodiment, the at least one thermistor includes a first thermistor and a second thermistor. The first thermistor and the second thermistor serve as two branches of the bridge circuit respectively. When the resistance values of the first thermistor and the second thermistor change with temperature, the voltage difference Δu ₀ output by the bridge circuit will change. In this way, the resistance change of the first thermistor and the second thermistor can be converted into a voltage difference Δu ₀ . Therefore, sound information can be obtained by obtaining the above-mentioned voltage difference Δu ₀ .

In one embodiment, the fluid detection device further includes a first resistor, a second resistor and an operational amplifier. The first resistor and the first thermistor are connected in series between the voltage source and the ground terminal; the second resistor and the second thermistor are connected in series between the voltage source and the ground terminal. For example, the first resistor is electrically connected between the first thermistor and the ground terminal. The second resistor is electrically connected between the second thermistor and the ground terminal. The first input end of the operational amplifier is electrically connected between the first resistor and the first thermistor, and the second input end of the operational amplifier is electrically connected between the second resistor and the second thermistor. In this case, the first thermistor, the second thermistor, the first resistor and the second resistor may form a bridge circuit. The resistance values of the above-mentioned first resistor and the second resistor are constant and fixed. When the resistance values of the first thermistor and the second thermistor change with temperature, the voltage difference Δu ₀ output by the bridge circuit will change. Thus, the change in resistance of the first thermistor and the second thermistor is converted into a voltage difference Δu ₀ . Therefore, sound information can be obtained by obtaining the above-mentioned voltage difference Δu ₀ . In addition, the operational amplifier is used to amplify the voltage difference Δu ₀ , so that the signal obtained by the fluid detection device, such as the microphone module, can be more easily identified.

In one embodiment, the fluid detection device further includes a switch and a comparator. The first input end of the comparator is electrically connected to one end of the first thermistor or the second thermistor away from the voltage source, the second input end of the comparator is used to receive a reference voltage, and the output end of the comparator outputs a control signal. The switch is connected in series with the heating element, the gate terminal of the switch receives the control signal, and the switch is selectively turned on based on the control signal. The comparator is used to control the switch to turn off if the voltage of the first input end of the comparator is greater than the reference voltage, so as to avoid the ambient temperature or the temperature of the thermistor from being too high (or the temperature is higher than the first warning temperature). At this time, the heating element and the ground terminal are in a disconnected state, and no current flows through the heating element, so that the heating element no longer provides a temperature field to the first thermistor and the second thermistor, thereby reducing the temperature of the first thermistor. resistance and a second thermistor for temperature purposes. Alternatively, if the comparator obtains that the voltage at the first input end of the comparator is lower than the reference voltage, the control switch is turned on. At this time, the heating element is electrically connected to the ground terminal, and the current flows through the heating element, so that the heating element provides a temperature field to the first thermistor and the second thermistor, preventing the ambient temperature or the temperature of the thermistor from being too high. low (or the temperature is lower than the second warning temperature), to improve the sensitivity of the fluid detection device.

In one embodiment, the fluid detection device further includes at least one stage of noise reduction circuit mode converter and digital signal processor. The noise reduction circuit is electrically connected between the first thermistor and the first input terminal of the operational amplifier, and the noise reduction circuit is also electrically connected between the second thermistor and the second input terminal of the operational amplifier. The noise reduction circuit is used to perform noise reduction processing on the voltage difference Δu ₀ output by the bridge circuit where the first thermistor and the second thermistor are located. The input end of the analog-to-digital converter is electrically connected to the output end of the operational amplifier, and is used for converting the analog signal output by the operational amplifier into a digital signal. The input terminal of the digital signal processor is electrically connected to the output terminal of the analog-to-digital converter, and is used for performing at least one of noise reduction processing, reverberation cancellation processing or echo cancellation processing on the digital signal output by the analog-to-digital converter.

In one embodiment, the at least one thermistor includes a first thermistor and a second thermistor. The first thermistor and the second thermistor serve as two branches of the bridge circuit respectively. The voltage source includes three sub-voltage sources, namely a first sub-voltage source, a second sub-voltage source and a third sub-voltage source. Wherein, the first thermistor is electrically connected to the first sub-voltage source, the second thermistor is electrically connected to the second sub-voltage source, and the heating element is electrically connected to the third sub-voltage source. In addition, the controller includes three control components, namely a first control component, a second control component and a third control component. The first control component is electrically connected to the first sub-voltage source. The second control assembly is electrically connected to the second sub-voltage source. The third control assembly is electrically connected to the third sub-voltage source. In this way, compared to the scheme where different thermistors and heating elements are connected to the same voltage source, the same thermistor and heating element can be powered by different voltage sources, and different voltage sources are connected to different control components. The electrical connection scheme can reduce the power consumption of each voltage source.

In one embodiment, the fluid detection device further includes a temperature detector. The temperature detector is electrically connected with the controller, and the temperature detector is used to collect the temperature of the thermistor, and transmit the collected result to the controller. In this way, the controller can judge whether the resistance of the thermistor calculated by the processor is accurate by judging whether the temperature of the thermistor collected by the temperature detector is within the working temperature range. Next, obtain the ambient temperature where the thermistor is located through the resistor, and obtain a voltage that matches the ambient temperature. Alternatively, the controller may obtain the ambient temperature of the thermistor directly from the temperature of the thermistor collected by the temperature detector without calculating the resistance of the thermistor, and obtain a voltage matching the ambient temperature.

In one embodiment, the first signal is used to characterize the resistance of the thermistor. When the thermistor is a thermistor wire, the resistance value of the thermistor wire can be used as the first signal. The first signal may be an analog signal or a digital signal.

In one embodiment, when the ambient temperature of the thermistor is the third ambient temperature, the voltage source outputs the third voltage to the heating element; when the ambient temperature of the thermistor is the fourth ambient temperature, the voltage source A fourth voltage is output to the heating element; wherein, the third ambient temperature is different from the fourth ambient temperature, and the third voltage is different from the fourth voltage. The third ambient temperature is lower than the fourth ambient temperature; the third voltage is greater than the fourth voltage. By bidirectionally adjusting the supply voltage of the heating element, the supply voltage of the heating element can be reduced when the ambient temperature or the temperature of the thermistor is too high (or the temperature is higher than the first warning temperature); low (or the temperature is lower than the second warning temperature), increase the supply voltage of the heating element.

In one embodiment, the material of the thermistor wire includes platinum. The thermistor wire made of platinum has a higher sensitivity to changes in resistance value according to temperature changes.

In one embodiment, the fluid detection device is a microphone module, and the fluid is gas. The microphone module has the same technical effect as the fluid detection device provided in the foregoing embodiments, and details are not repeated here.

In one embodiment, the thermistor is also used to sense the flow of fluid for generating sensing signals such as sound signals.

In one embodiment, the fluid detection device further includes a base, the base includes a groove, the heating element and the thermistor are respectively arranged on both sides of the groove, and the heating element and the thermistor adopt a suspended structure, which can better Sensing the flow of fluids such as gases. The groove is a channel, or the groove is a portion of a channel.

On the other hand, the embodiment of the present application provides a control method. The control method is applied to a controller in a fluid detection device, which also includes a voltage source, a channel for fluid flow, at least one heating element, and at least one thermistor. The heating element is electrically connected to the voltage source, and the thermistor is electrically connected to the voltage source; wherein when the fluid flows in the channel, the fluid flows through the thermistor. The above control method includes: firstly, the controller receives a first signal generated by the thermistor and corresponding to the temperature of the thermistor. Next, when the ambient temperature of the thermistor is the first ambient temperature, the controller controls the voltage source to at least output the first voltage to the thermistor according to the first signal, and when the ambient temperature of the thermistor is the first At the second ambient temperature, the controller controls the voltage source to at least output the second voltage to the thermistor according to the first signal. Wherein, the first ambient temperature is different from the second ambient temperature, and the first voltage is different from the second voltage. The above control method has the same technical effect as that of the fluid detection device provided in the foregoing embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

In one embodiment, the first ambient temperature is higher than the second ambient temperature. The first voltage is greater than the second voltage. The technical effect of the method of setting the numerical values of the first ambient temperature, the second ambient temperature, the first voltage, and the second voltage is the same as that described above, and will not be repeated here.

In one embodiment, before acquiring the first signal, the method further includes: receiving a user's first mode selection operation, and then, in response to the first mode selection operation, the controller controls the voltage source to output the first mode initial voltage. Alternatively, before acquiring the first signal, the method further includes: receiving a user's second mode selection operation, and then, in response to the second mode selection operation, the controller controls the voltage source to output the second mode initial voltage. The technical effect of the above mode selection is the same as that described above, and will not be repeated here.

In one embodiment, the initial voltage of the first mode is 2V˜4V. The initial voltage of the second mode is 5V-12V. The technical effects of setting the range of the initial voltage in the first mode and the range of the initial voltage in the second mode are the same as those described above, and will not be repeated here.

In one embodiment, when the ambient temperature of the thermistor is the first ambient temperature, according to the first signal, the control voltage source at least outputs the first voltage to the thermistor, and when the ambient temperature of the thermistor is When the temperature is the second ambient temperature, according to the first signal, controlling the voltage source to at least output the second voltage to the thermistor includes: first, from the first data set, obtain the resistance value corresponding to the resistance of the thermistor according to the first signal The first ambient temperature or the second ambient temperature whose range matches; wherein, the first data set includes a plurality of resistance value ranges and a plurality of ambient temperatures; a resistance value range matches an ambient temperature, and then, from the second data set In the set, obtain the first voltage that matches the ambient temperature range where the first ambient temperature is located, and control the voltage source to output the first voltage, or, from the second data set, obtain the ambient temperature range that matches the second ambient temperature matching the second voltage, and controlling the voltage source to output the second voltage; wherein, the second data set includes multiple ambient temperature ranges and multiple voltages; one ambient temperature range matches one voltage. Based on this, the above-mentioned fluid detection device may include a computer storage medium, such as a memory. The memory may store the above-mentioned first data set and second data set. In this case, the performance of the fluid detection device, such as the above-mentioned sensitivity, signal-to-noise ratio, and background noise, can be obtained by means of simulation or experimental testing. The above-mentioned first data set and second data set constituted by the voltage applied to the thermistor. And store the above data set in the memory. In this way, when the controller obtains the ambient temperature, it can recall the voltage that matches the ambient temperature from the memory, and control the above-mentioned voltage source to at least provide the voltage to the thermistor, reducing the performance loss of the fluid detection device. Fluctuations caused by the influence of ambient temperature. Specifically, the controller is used to obtain the first signal representing the resistance of the thermistor, and obtain the first ambient temperature or the second ambient temperature matching the resistance range of the resistor from the first data set according to the first signal. temperature. The controller is further configured to obtain from the second data set a first voltage that matches the ambient temperature range of the first ambient temperature, and control the voltage source to output the first voltage, or, from the second data set, obtain a voltage that matches The second voltage is matched with the ambient temperature range where the second ambient temperature is located, and the voltage source is controlled to output the second voltage.

In one embodiment, the first data set includes a first subset and a second subset. The first subset includes a plurality of resistance value ranges and a plurality of operating temperature ranges. A range of resistance values matches an operating temperature range. The second subset includes a plurality of operating temperature ranges and a plurality of ambient temperatures; an operating temperature range matches an ambient temperature. In this way, in order to improve the accuracy of the real-time resistance obtained by the controller in the fluid detection device, the performance of the fluid detection device, such as the above-mentioned sensitivity, signal-to-noise ratio, and background noise, can be improved through simulation or experimental testing. In some cases, the above-mentioned first subset and the second subset formed by operating temperatures corresponding to the respective ambient temperatures under different ambient temperatures are acquired. And store the above data set in the memory. Based on this, the controller is used to obtain the first ambient temperature or the second ambient temperature that matches the resistance of the thermistor according to the first signal from the first data set. The first working temperature range or the second working temperature range matching the resistance value range of the resistance of the thermistor, and obtaining the first ambient temperature matching the first working temperature range from the second subset, or, from A second ambient temperature matching the second working temperature range is acquired in the second subset.

In yet another aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a fluid detection device. The fluid detection device comprises: a channel for fluid flow, at least one heating element, at least one thermistor and a voltage converter, wherein when the fluid flows in the channel, the fluid flows through the thermistor. The heating element is electrically connected to the voltage converter. The thermistor is electrically connected with the voltage converter, and the thermistor is used to generate a first signal corresponding to the temperature of the thermistor. The voltage converter has a voltage terminal electrically connected to the heating element and the thermistor, and the voltage converter is used to output different voltages from the voltage terminal according to the first signal. The fluid detection device has the same technical effect as the fluid detection device provided in the foregoing embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

In yet another aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device. The electronic equipment includes a casing and any fluid detection device as described above, and the fluid detection device is arranged in the casing. The electronic device has the same technical effect as the fluid detection device provided in the foregoing embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

In yet another aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a fluid detection device. The fluid detection device includes a voltage source, a channel for fluid flow, at least one heating element, at least one thermistor. Wherein, the heating element is electrically connected to the voltage source. The thermistor is electrically connected to the voltage source; wherein, when the fluid flows in the channel, the fluid flows through the thermistor, so that the thermistor can detect the flow (such as flow rate) of fluid such as gas. The thermistor is used to sense the ambient temperature of the thermistor, and the ambient temperature is related to the temperature of the thermistor itself. When the ambient temperature of the thermistor is a third ambient temperature, the voltage source outputs a third voltage to the at least one heating element; when the ambient temperature of the thermistor is a fourth ambient temperature , the voltage source outputs a fourth voltage to the at least one heating element; wherein, the third ambient temperature is different from the fourth ambient temperature, and the third voltage is different from the fourth voltage. For example, the third ambient temperature is lower than the fourth ambient temperature; the third voltage is greater than the fourth voltage.

In yet another aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a fluid detection device. The fluid detection device includes a voltage source, a channel for fluid flow, at least one heating element, at least one thermistor. Wherein, the heating element is electrically connected to the voltage source. The thermistor is electrically connected to the voltage source; wherein, when the fluid flows in the channel, the fluid flows through the thermistor, so that the thermistor can detect the flow (such as flow rate) of fluids such as gas. The thermistor is used to sense the ambient temperature of the thermistor, and the ambient temperature is related to the temperature of the thermistor itself. The at least one thermistor includes a first thermistor and a second thermistor; the first thermistor and the second thermistor serve as two branches of the bridge circuit respectively. The fluid detection device also includes: a first resistor, the first resistor and the first thermistor are connected in series between the voltage source and the ground terminal; a second resistor, the second resistor and the second A thermistor is connected in series between the voltage source and the ground terminal; an operational amplifier, the first input terminal of the operational amplifier is electrically connected between the first resistor and the first thermistor, and the The second input end of the operational amplifier is electrically connected between the second resistor and the second thermistor. The fluid detection device further includes: a comparator, the first input terminal of the comparator is electrically connected to one end of the first thermistor or the second thermistor away from the voltage source, and the comparator The second input end of the comparator is used to receive a reference voltage, and the output end of the comparator outputs a control signal; a switch, the switch is connected in series with the at least one heating element, and the gate end of the switch receives the control signal, so The switch is selectively turned on based on the control signal.

In yet another aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a fluid detection device. The fluid detection device includes a voltage source, a channel for fluid flow, at least one heating element, at least one thermistor. Wherein, the heating element is electrically connected to the voltage source. The thermistor is electrically connected to the voltage source; wherein, when the fluid flows in the channel, the fluid flows through the thermistor, so that the thermistor can detect the flow (such as flow rate) of fluid such as gas. When the fluid detection device works in the first mode, the voltage source outputs fifth voltage to at least one thermistor; when the fluid detection device works in the second mode, the voltage source outputs sixth voltage to at least one thermistor. For example, the first mode is a power saving mode, the second mode is a high performance mode, and the sixth voltage is greater than the fifth voltage. In some cases, when the electronic equipment is in different working states (different functions are turned on, etc.), the fluid detection device works in different modes.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B are schematic structural diagrams of a fluid detection device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another fluid detection device provided in the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of a microphone module provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4A is a schematic structural diagram of a microphone module provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4B is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure corresponding to the structure of the microphone module shown in FIG. 4A;

Fig. 5A is in the microphone module shown in Fig. 4A, the distance between the first thermistor wire (or, the second thermistor wire) and the third thermistor wire and the temperature of the above three thermistor wires A graph of change;

Fig. 5B is the distance between the first thermistor wire (or the second thermistor wire) and the third thermistor wire and the temperature of the above three thermistor wires in the microphone module shown in Fig. 4A Another graph of change;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another circuit structure corresponding to the structure of the microphone module shown in FIG. 4A;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of another microphone module provided by the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of another circuit structure corresponding to the structure of the microphone module shown in FIG. 4A;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device with a microphone module provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 10 is a flowchart of a method for controlling a microphone module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 11A is a schematic diagram of a mode selection of the electronic device shown in FIG. 9;

FIG. 11B is a schematic diagram of the curve relationship between the vibration frequency of the particle and the sensitivity of the microphone module during the sound wave transmission process provided by the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of another microphone module provided by the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of another microphone module provided by the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of specific steps of S102 in FIG. 10;

FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of another microphone module provided by the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of another microphone module provided by the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of another microphone module provided by the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of another microphone module provided by the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of another microphone module provided by an embodiment of the present application.

Reference signs:

01-fluid detection device; 11-heating element; 12-thermistor; 10-substrate; 100-groove; 30-voltage source; 40-controller; 101-electrode; 200-bridge circuit; 20a-first heat Sensitive resistance wire; 20b-the second thermistor wire; Ra-the first resistance; Rb-the second resistance; 20c-the third thermistor wire; 30a-the first sub-voltage source; 30b-the second sub-voltage source; 30c-third sub-voltage source; 03-electronic equipment; 300-housing; 301-display screen; 302-button; 50-memory; 401-control component; 402-processor circuit; 401a-first control circuit; -voltage control circuit in the first control assembly; 420a-current acquisition circuit in the first control assembly; 401b-second control circuit; 410b-voltage control circuit in the second control assembly; 420b-in the second control assembly Current acquisition circuit; 401c-voltage control circuit in the third control component; 410c-voltage control circuit in the third control component; 420c-current acquisition circuit in the third control component; 51-temperature detector; 60-comparator ; 61-operational amplifier; 62-noise reduction circuit; 63-analog-to-digital converter; 64-digital signal processor; 70-voltage converter; 701-voltage terminal.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in some embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Apparently, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present disclosure, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments provided in the present disclosure belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Throughout the specification and claims, unless the context requires otherwise, the term "comprise" and other forms such as the third person singular "comprises" and the present participle "comprising" are used Interpreted as the meaning of openness and inclusion, that is, "including, but not limited to". In the description of the specification, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "exemplary embodiments", "example" or "some examples" examples)" and the like are intended to indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic related to the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. Schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be included in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

Hereinafter, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first", "second", etc. may expressly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

In addition, in this application, directional terms such as "left" and "right" are defined relative to the schematic placement of components in the drawings. It should be understood that these directional terms are relative concepts, and they are used for relative For descriptions and clarifications, it may vary accordingly according to changes in the orientation of parts placed in the drawings.

In this application, unless otherwise specified and limited, the term "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral body; it can be a direct connection, or It can be connected indirectly through an intermediary. In addition, "electrical connection" can be understood as "coupling", and "electrical connection" can be an electrical connection by direct contact or an electrical connection through an intermediary.

In the embodiment of this application, "and/or" is just a kind of relationship describing the relationship between related objects, which means that there may be three kinds of relationships, for example, A and/or B, which can mean that A exists alone, and A and B exist at the same time. B, there are three situations of B alone. In addition, the character "/" in this article generally indicates that the contextual objects are an "or" relationship.

In the fields of aerospace, biochemical detection, medical instruments, etc., it is usually necessary to measure some characteristics of fluids (such as liquid or air flow), such as flow velocity, flow rate, etc., for data analysis. In order to meet the development of fine chemical industry and medical biological analysis, the requirements for the measurement and control of fluid properties are getting higher and higher. In order to improve the accuracy of fluid detection, it is necessary to reduce the influence of the fluid detection device by the external environment, such as temperature, so that the fluid detection device can be in the best performance state in different use environments, so that the fluid detection device can be used in various In this environment, it can have high sensitivity and good signal-to-noise ratio. In the following embodiments, the fluid is an air flow as an example for illustration.

In order to achieve the above purpose, an embodiment of the present application provides a fluid detection device 01 as shown in FIG. 1A . The fluid detection device may include a substrate 10 and at least one heating element 11 and at least one thermistor 12 disposed on the substrate 10 (a heating element 11 and a thermistor 12 are illustrated in FIG. 1A as an example). The substrate 10 may be a silicon substrate, and a groove 100 may be formed on the substrate 10, and the groove 100 may be formed by etching or other processes. The heating element 11 and the thermistor 12 are straddled on both sides of the groove 100 , and the heating element 11 and the thermistor 12 are arranged side by side, for example, the heating element 11 and the thermistor 12 are arranged in parallel. In one embodiment, the groove 100 can serve as a channel for the airflow L1. Fluid such as the airflow L1 flows in the channel, and the thermistor 12 is located in the channel to detect the flow of the fluid. When fluids such as airflow L1 pass through the groove 100, they can flow from the heating element 11 to the thermistor 12, or the airflow can flow from the thermistor 12 to the heating element 11 through the groove 100, and the groove 100 can act as a propagating sound wave (or airflow) channel.

In one embodiment, the groove 100 may serve as a part of the passage of the air flow L1. For example, as shown in FIG. 1B , the fluid detection device 01 further includes a packaging cover 10a. In order to clearly show the structure of the fluid detection device 01, the outline of the packaging cover 10a is indicated by a dotted line. The package cover 10a includes a groove 100a corresponding to the groove 100. When the substrate 10 and the package cover 10a are packaged together, the package cover 10a is buckled on the substrate 10, the groove 100a faces the groove 100, and the groove 100a A channel is formed with the groove 100, and fluids such as airflow L1 can flow in the channel. When the fluid such as airflow L1 passes through the groove 100 and the groove 100a to form a channel, it flows from the heating element 11 to the thermistor 12, or the airflow passes through the groove 100 and the groove 100a. The groove 100a forms a channel from the thermistor 12 to the heating element 11, and the groove 100 can serve as a channel for propagating sound waves (or airflow). In other embodiments, the channel can also be formed in other ways. For example, the fluid detection device includes a hollow pipe, and the hollow part inside the pipe serves as a channel for propagating sound waves (or airflow).

Based on this, a voltage can be applied to the heating element 11 , which generates heat to provide a temperature field to the thermistor 12 . Exemplarily, the distance between the heating element 11 and the thermistor 12 may be less than or equal to 300 μm. In this way, the thermistor 12 can receive the temperature field generated by the heating element 11 . The thermistor 12 can be used to generate a first signal corresponding to the temperature of the thermistor 12 under the action of the above-mentioned temperature field, and the temperature of the thermistor 12 reflects the ambient temperature where the thermistor 12 is located. By detecting the first signal of the thermistor 12, the purpose of measuring the flow rate and flow rate of the gas is achieved. In some embodiments, the purpose of measuring the flow velocity and flow rate of the gas can be achieved by detecting the first signal of the thermistor 12, so that the fluid detection device 01 can be used as a microphone (or microphone) for detecting sound waves.

Exemplarily, the above-mentioned thermistor 12 may be a thermistor wire. When the heating element 11 is energized, the generated temperature field acts on the thermistor wire (ie, the thermistor 12 ). At this time, when the airflow flows through the thermistor wire sequentially, the resistance of the thermistor wire changes under the action of the airflow, so that the above-mentioned first signal for characterizing the resistance of the thermistor wire can be generated. At different temperatures, the resistance of the thermistor wire is different. The temperature change of the thermistor wire is related to the flow velocity of the gas flow, so the purpose of measuring the flow velocity and flow rate of the gas can be achieved by detecting the resistance value of the thermistor wire.

Or, as another example, the above-mentioned thermistor 12 and the heating element 11 may both be thermistor wires, and the heating element 11 may also serve as a thermistor. For example, the thermistor is a first thermistor wire 20 a as shown in FIG. 2 , and the heating element 11 is a second thermistor wire 20 b as shown in FIG. 2 . In this case, after the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b are energized, the temperature generated can be 100K-600K, so the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b can both be generate a temperature field. At this time, when the air flow sequentially flows through the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b, or when the air flow sequentially flows through the second thermistor wire 20b and the first thermistor wire 20a, the first thermistor wire 20a The resistance values of the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b change under the action of the airflow. The thermistor may generate a first signal indicative of the resistance of the first thermistor wire 20a and/or the second thermistor wire 20b. Specifically, the above-mentioned airflow flowing through the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b will cause the temperature field distribution of the fluid detection device 01 to change, thereby generating a temperature gradient, so that the gap between the two thermistor wires produce a temperature difference. At different temperatures, the resistance of the thermistor wire is different. The above-mentioned temperature difference is related to the flow velocity of the gas flow, so the purpose of measuring the flow velocity and flow rate of the gas can be achieved by detecting the resistance values of the two thermistor wires. At this time, the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b can both be used as heating wires providing a temperature field, or both can be used as sensitive wires whose resistance changes according to temperature conversion.

Wherein, the groove 100 can be used as a channel for the airflow L1, or the groove 100 can be used as a part of the channel, and fluids such as the airflow L1 flow in the channel. In addition, the fluid detection device 01 in FIG. 2 may also include the packaging cover 10a in FIG. 1B .

It should be noted that the materials and dimensions of the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b may be the same. So any thermistor wire in the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b can be used as the above-mentioned thermistor 12, and another resistance wire is used as the heating element 11; or, the first thermistor wire 20a and The second thermistor wires 20b serve as heating elements of each other, and the first thermistor wires 20a and the second thermistor wires 20b are used together as a thermistor. At this time, the resistance value of any one or both of the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b under the action of the airflow can be represented by the above-mentioned first signal.

In some embodiments of the present application, the above-mentioned thermistor wire may have a positive temperature coefficient effect (positive temperature coefficient, PTC). In this case, the resistance of the above-mentioned thermistor wire increases as the temperature increases. Alternatively, in other embodiments of the present application, the above-mentioned thermistor wire may have a negative temperature coefficient effect (negative temperature coefficient, NTC). In this case, the resistance of the above-mentioned thermistor wire decreases as the temperature increases. The following embodiments are all described by taking the thermistor wire having a positive temperature coefficient effect and the thermistor wire being a resistance wire as an example. In this case, the material constituting the above-mentioned thermistor wire may include platinum or copper or the like. In some embodiments, the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b can be in the shape of a spring or a broken line. As shown in FIG. 2, the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire can be improved The reliability of the wire 20b is prevented from being blown due to excessive temperature.

As can be seen from the above, when the thermistor 12 is the first thermistor wire 20a as shown in Figure 2, and the heating element 11 is the second thermistor wire 20b as shown in Figure 2, to the first thermistor Voltage is applied to the resistance wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b, and the resistance values of the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b can change under the action of airflow. Therefore, in order to apply a voltage to the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b, and to control the magnitude of the applied voltage, as shown in FIG. The device 40 and the electrode 101 provided on the above-mentioned substrate 10, the electrode 101 is electrically connected with the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b.

It should be noted that the above-mentioned controller 40 may be a part of a processor such as an application processor (application processor, AP) in the electronic device having the fluid detection device 01, or may be a digital signal processor (digital signal processor) independent of the application processor. digital signal processing, DSP).

Based on this, the first thermistor wire 20 a and the second thermistor wire 20 b can be electrically connected to the voltage source 30 through the electrode 101 . The voltage source 30 can apply a voltage to the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b through the electrode 101, and the voltage source 30 can apply a voltage value to the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b. same or different. In addition, the controller 40 may be electrically connected with the voltage source 30 . The controller 40 can be used to acquire the first thermistor wire 20a (and/or the second thermistor wire 20b) resistance value (in some embodiments, it can be understood as the change of the resistance value) for characterizing the first signal, and control the voltage source 30 according to the first signal to output the first voltage U1 (with the first Voltage value), when the ambient temperature of the first thermistor wire 20a (ie, thermistor 12) is the second ambient temperature T1, the second voltage U2 (with the second voltage value) is output. Wherein, the first ambient temperature T1 is different from the second ambient temperature T2, the first voltage U1 is different from the second voltage U2, that is, the first voltage value is different from the second voltage value. In some embodiments of the present application, the above-mentioned first voltage U1 and the second voltage U2 may both be greater than zero.

In this case, when the fluid detection device 01 is at the first ambient temperature T1, the voltage source 30 can at least apply the first voltage U1 to the first thermistor wire 20a as the thermistor 12 to compensate the first thermistor. Due to fluctuations in performance parameters such as sensitivity and noise caused by temperature changes of the resistance wire 20a, the fluid detection device 01 has higher sensitivity and a good signal-to-noise ratio. When the use environment of the fluid detection device 01 changes, for example, when the temperature changes from the first ambient temperature T1 to the second ambient temperature T2, at least the first thermistor wire 20a as the thermistor 12 can be supplied by the above-mentioned voltage source 30 The second voltage U2 is applied to compensate the fluctuation of performance parameters such as sensitivity and noise of the first thermistor wire 20a due to temperature changes, so that the fluid detection device 01 can still maintain a high sensitivity and a good signal-to-noise ratio.

It should be noted that the voltage source 30 applies a voltage to at least the first thermistor wire 20a as the thermistor 12 means that the controller 40 can pass the voltage source 30 according to the first signal used to characterize the resistance of the thermistor. Different voltages are applied only to the first thermistor wire 20 a as the thermistor 12 . Alternatively, the controller 40 can provide the first thermistor wire 20a as the thermistor 12 and the second thermistor wire 20a as the heating element 11 through the voltage source 30 according to the first signal used to characterize the resistance of the thermistor. 20b are applied with different voltages.

In addition, the above description is made with an example in which at least one of the heating element 11 and the thermistor 12 is a thermistor wire. In other embodiments of the present application, the above-mentioned heating element 11 may also be a heating rod made of metal or semiconductor material. The thermistor 12 may be a metal material, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application. In the following, for the convenience of description, at least one of the heating element 11 and the thermistor 12 is a thermistor wire as an example for illustration. In some embodiments, the voltages applied by the voltage source 30 to the heating element 11 and the thermistor 12 may be the same or different.

The above description is based on the application of the fluid detection device 01 to aerospace, biochemical detection, medical instruments, etc., taking the detection of the flow velocity and flow rate of the fluid as an example. In some other embodiments of the present application, gas, such as air, may be used as a medium. Under the action of sound waves, particles (or called particles, particles in English) in the air vibrate to transmit the sound waves.

In this case, the purpose of collecting sound signals can be achieved by obtaining the vector information of particle vibration velocity (or particle vibration velocity) of the gas (such as air) medium. In this way, the above-mentioned fluid detection device 01 can also be applied in a sound system as a microphone (microphone, MIC) module to detect sound. In this case, the microphone module can also include a substrate 10 as shown in FIG. 1A , at least one heating element 11 and at least one thermistor 12 or a substrate 10 as shown in FIG. 2 , a first thermistor wire 20a , the second thermistor wire 20b, the voltage source 30, the controller 40 and the electrode 101. The connection method and functions of the above components are the same as above, and will not be repeated here. When the thermistor 12 is the first thermistor wire 20a as shown in Figure 2, and the heating element 11 is the second thermistor wire 20b as shown in Figure 2, to the first thermistor wire 20a and The second thermistor wire 20b applies a voltage. When the sound wave passes through the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b (two-wire model, that is, the fluid detection device 01 includes two thermistor wires), the first thermistor wire The resistance values of the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b can be changed under the action of sound waves.

In one embodiment, a voltage is applied to the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b as shown in FIG. field. At this time, when the sound wave is incident on the first thermistor wire 20a or the second thermistor wire 20b, in the air as the medium, the reciprocating motion of the particle forms a convective heat transfer of the particle, thereby transferring the heat from across the groove 100 The first thermistor wire 20a on both sides is transferred to the second thermistor wire 20b (or, the second thermistor wire 20b is transferred to the first thermistor wire 20a). In some embodiments, when the sound is transmitted from the side of the first thermistor wire 20a, the temperature of the first thermistor wire 20a will decrease. In some embodiments, when the sound is transmitted from the first thermistor wire 20a to the second thermistor wire 20b, the temperature of the second thermistor wire 20b will increase. In some embodiments, when the sound is transmitted from the side of the second thermistor wire 20b, the temperature of the second thermistor wire 20b will decrease. In some embodiments, when the sound is transmitted from the second thermistor wire 20b to the first thermistor wire 20a, the temperature of the first thermistor wire 20a will increase. In this way, the temperature field distribution of the fluid detection device 01 will change, and a temperature gradient will be generated, so that a temperature difference will be generated between the two first thermistor wires 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b. At different temperatures, the resistance values of the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b are different. The size of the above temperature difference is related to the vibration velocity of the particle. The resistance change of the first thermistor wire 20a and/or the second thermistor wire 20b can be converted into a voltage change, that is, a voltage difference Δu ₀ . By obtaining the above-mentioned voltage difference Δu ₀ , the purpose of measuring particle vibration velocity and finally obtaining sound information is achieved.

The manner in which the change in the resistance value of the above-mentioned first thermistor wire 20a and/or the second thermistor wire 20b can be converted into a voltage difference Δu ₀ is illustrated below. For example, in some embodiments of the present application, as shown in FIG. 3 , the above-mentioned microphone module further includes a first resistor Ra and a second resistor Rb. Wherein, the first end b1 of the first thermistor wire 20 a and the first end c1 of the second thermistor wire 20 b are electrically connected to the voltage source 30 . The first end d1 of the first resistor Ra is electrically connected to the second end b2 of the first thermistor wire 20a, and the second end d2 of the first resistor Ra is grounded, so that the first resistor R1 is electrically connected to the first thermistor Between the wire 20a and the ground terminal (GND). In addition, the first end e1 of the second resistor Rb is electrically connected to the second end c2 of the second thermistor wire 20b, and the second end e2 of the second resistor Rb is grounded, so that the second resistor Rb is electrically connected to the second end c2 of the second thermistor wire 20b. Between the second thermistor wire 20b and the ground terminal (GND). In other embodiments, the first thermistor wire 20a or the second thermistor wire 20b may be replaced by a heating element located on one branch of the bridge circuit.

In this case, the first thermistor wire 20a, the second thermistor wire 20b, the first resistor Ra and the second resistor Rb can constitute a bridge circuit 200, and the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b serve as two branches of the above-mentioned bridge circuit 200 respectively. The resistance values of the above-mentioned first resistor Ra and the second resistor Rb may be constant, for example, the resistance values of the first resistor Ra and the second resistor Rb are fixed. When the resistance value of the first thermistor wire 20a and/or the second thermistor wire 20b changes with temperature, the second end b2 of the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b will The voltage difference Δu ₀ between the second terminals c2 changes. In this way, the resistance value change of the first thermistor wire 20a and/or the second thermistor wire 20b can be converted into a voltage difference Δu ₀ . Therefore, sound information can be obtained by obtaining the above-mentioned voltage difference Δu ₀ .

On this basis, when the air disturbance brought by the sound wave is transmitted to the first thermistor wire 20a or the second thermistor wire 20b, at least the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b The relationship between the temperature change ΔT on a thermistor wire and the above-mentioned voltage difference Δu ₀ can be obtained by the following formula.

Among them, in the above formula, f is the particle vibration frequency; △T(f) is the function of the temperature change △T on the thermistor wire with respect to the frequency f; △T(0) is the frequency f is 0, that is, the temperature at DC Change; Among them, △T(0) can be obtained by formula (4). f _hc is the frequency change caused by parameters such as the size and heat capacity of the thermistor wire; f _D is the frequency change caused by parameters such as air thermal diffusivity; D is the thermal diffusivity of the medium; Lh is the thermistor wire (such as resistance _ρ1 is the density of air; _ρ2 is the density of the thermistor wire; P is the power of the thermistor wire; k is the thermal conductivity of the medium (for example, air); The distance between two thermistor wires; ly is the length of the thermistor wire (such as resistance wire); γ is Euler's constant (0.577); v is the vibration velocity of particles in the medium; U is applied to the thermistor wire The voltage; ρ ₃ is the resistivity of the thermistor wire 20.

From the above formula (1), formula (2) and formula (3), it can be seen that the degree of temperature change ΔT of the thermistor wire is proportional to the thermal diffusivity D of the medium. That is, the greater the thermal diffusivity D of the medium, the more obvious the temperature change ΔT of the thermistor wire. In addition, it can be known from formula (5) that the greater the temperature change ΔT of the thermistor wire, the greater the voltage difference Δu ₀ converted from the resistance change of the two thermistor wires.

The voltage difference Δu ₀ converted from the resistance change of the first thermistor wire 20a and/or the second thermistor wire 20b is proportional to the sensitivity of the microphone module. The sensitivity can be defined as the voltage (unit V) output when the output end of the microphone module is open when the thermistor wire is subjected to a unit sound pressure (unit Pa), that is, the unit of the sensitivity is V/Pa. Therefore, the greater the temperature change ΔT of the thermistor wire, the higher the sensitivity of the microphone module.

Therefore, in order to improve the sensitivity of the above-mentioned microphone module, the thermal diffusivity D of the medium can be increased. Based on this, in other embodiments of the present application, the microphone module 02 provided in the embodiment of the present application may include one heating element 11 and two thermistors 12 . The above-mentioned two thermistors 12 can be respectively a first thermistor wire 20 a and a second thermistor wire 20 b as shown in FIG. 4A . The above-mentioned heating element 11 may be any device capable of generating heat after being energized. Alternatively, in other embodiments of the present application, the heating element 11 may be a third thermistor wire 20c as shown in FIG. 4B . At this time, the microphone module 02 is a three-wire model (that is, the microphone module 02 includes three thermistor wires). Wherein, the third thermistor wire 20c is located between the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b to heat the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b. The first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b may be arranged symmetrically with respect to the third thermistor wire 20c. As shown in FIG. 4B , the first end g1 of the third thermistor wire 20 c can be electrically connected to the voltage source 30 , and the second end g2 of the third thermistor wire 20 c can be grounded. The difference between the third thermistor wire 20c and the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b is that the third thermistor wire 20c is not connected to the bridge circuit 200 . In this case, when the voltage source 30 can apply a voltage to the third thermistor wire 20c, the heat generated by the third thermistor wire 20c can be applied to the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b. Carry out heating, thereby reach and improve the heat dissipation coefficient D of the surrounding medium (that is, air) of the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b, increase the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b The temperature change △T can achieve the purpose of improving the sensitivity of the microphone module. Wherein, the distance between the first thermistor wire 20 a or the second thermistor wire 20 b and the third thermistor wire 20 c may be less than or equal to 300 μm. In this way, the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b can receive the temperature field generated by the third thermistor wire 20c.

In this case, the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b are used as sensitive wires to convert the resistance value into a voltage difference Δu ₀ . The third thermistor wire 20c can be used as a heating wire, providing a temperature field to the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b through self-heating. It should be noted that the materials and dimensions of the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b may be the same. In addition, the third thermistor wire 20c may be made of the same material and dimension as the first thermistor wire 20a. Based on this, in order to help improve the heat dissipation coefficient D of the surrounding medium of the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b, a higher voltage can be provided to the third thermistor wire 20c to increase the third thermal resistance. The heat generated by the sensitive resistance wire 20c. Or, in some other embodiments, the third thermistor wire 20c may be different from the first thermistor wire 20a in material and dimension. Based on this, in order to help improve the heat dissipation coefficient D of the surrounding medium of the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b, the material and size specifications of the third thermistor wire 20c can be adjusted so that the first thermistor wire When the resistance wire 20a, the second thermistor wire 20b and the third thermistor wire 20c receive the same voltage, the heat generated by the third thermistor wire 20c is higher.

In the case that the microphone module 02 includes the first thermistor wire 20a, the second thermistor wire 20b, and the third thermistor wire 20c, the first thermistor wire 20a (or, the second thermistor wire The distance between 20b) and the third thermistor wire 20c (unit μm), and the temperature (unit K) variation curves of the above three thermistor wires are shown in FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B .

Wherein, as shown in FIG. 5A, the abscissa where point A3 is located is 0 μm, and this point A3 represents that the temperature of the third thermistor wire 20c located in the middle is 960K, and the temperature of the third thermistor wire 20c is the highest, and point A3 temperature is at the highest point. As the distance from the third thermistor wire 20c increases, the temperature decreases. In FIG. 5A , the positive coordinate indicates the distance from the third thermistor wire 20c in the first direction X, and the negative coordinate indicates the distance from the third thermistor wire 20c in the direction opposite to the first direction X. When the distance between the first thermistor wire 20a (or, the second thermistor wire 20b) and the third thermistor wire 20c increases, the first thermistor wire 20a (or, the second thermistor wire 20b) The temperature of the wire 20b) decreases.

When no sound wave is incident on the first thermistor wire 20a (or, second thermistor wire 20b), the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b can be connected to the third thermistor wire 20c In the case of symmetrical arrangement, the first thermistor wire 20a located at point A1 (on the opposite direction of the first direction X, for example, on the left side, the distance from the third thermistor wire 20c is 100 μm), and the first thermistor wire 20a located at point A2 (In the first direction X, for example, on the right side, the distance from the third thermistor wire 20c is 100 μm) the temperature of the second thermistor wire 20b at the position is equal, both are 750K. Both points A1 and A2 are located on a peak because the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b also generate heat when a voltage is applied thereto.

When the sound wave is incident on the side (i.e. the left side) where the first thermistor wire 20a is located as shown in FIG. The temperature of 20a drops as shown in FIG. 5B , for example, drops to about 725K (point A1 position). However, the particle convective heat transfer formed by the reciprocating motion of the medium particles will be transferred to the second thermistor wire 20b on the side away from the sound wave, so that the heat of the second thermistor wire 20b will increase, for example, to about 800K (point A2 position).

Because the medium particle will reciprocate during the propagation of the sound, for example, the medium particle will not only move from the first thermistor wire 20a toward the direction of the second thermistor wire 20b (for example, from the left end to the right end of FIG. 4A ), It will also move from the second thermistor wire 20b toward the direction of the first thermistor wire 20a (for example, from the right end to the left end). Therefore, when the second thermistor wire 20b of the medium particle moves toward the direction of the first thermistor wire 20a, it can be obtained in the same way that the temperature of the second thermistor wire 20b will drop, and the first thermistor wire will The heat of wire 20a is increased. In this case, changes in the respective temperatures of the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b will cause changes in their own resistance values, which in turn will result in the first thermistor wire 20a shown in FIG. 4B The voltage difference Δu ₀ between the second end b2 of the second thermistor wire 20b and the second end c2 of the second thermistor wire 20b changes. It can be seen from the above that, in this way, the resistance change of the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b can be converted into a voltage difference Δu ₀ . Therefore, sound information can be obtained by obtaining the above-mentioned voltage difference Δu ₀ .

It should be noted that, the above is based on the microphone module 02 as a three-wire model (that is, including the first thermistor wire 20a, the second thermistor wire 20b and the third thermistor wire 20c) as an example, combined with the thermistor wire The curve of the temperature and the distance between the thermistor wires, when the sound wave is incident on the first thermistor wire 20a or the second thermistor wire 20b, the first thermistor wire 20a or the second thermistor wire 20b description of the temperature change.

When the microphone module 02 is a two-wire model (that is, including the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b), the above-mentioned first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b can be used as sensitive wires , to be converted into a voltage difference △u ₀ through the change of the resistance value, and can also be used as a heating wire to provide a temperature field through self-heating. In this case, when the sound wave is not incident on the thermistor wire, or when the sound wave is incident on the thermistor wire, the change law of the temperature of the thermistor wire and the distance between the thermistor wires is the same as that described above, and will not be repeated here repeat. The difference is that the distance of the abscissa of the above curve is the distance between the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b.

As can be seen from the above, when the microphone module 02 is a three-wire model, the microphone module 02 includes a heating wire (for example, the third thermistor wire 20c) located in the middle, and two heating wires respectively located on both sides of the heating wire. Sensitive wires (for example, the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b). In other embodiments of the present application, two or more sensitive wires connected in parallel may be arranged on one side of the heating wire, and the number of sensitive wires on both sides of the heating wire may be the same. The present application does not limit the number of sensitive wires, as long as all the sensitive wires can be connected to the bridge circuit 200 shown in FIG. 4B .

To sum up, the resistance value of the thermistor wire as the sensitive wire can be changed under the action of the air flow, such as the sound wave signal. In this case, the above-mentioned microphone module 02 may be called a hot-wire vector microphone module or a vector sensor (acoustic vector sensor, AVS) module. Compared with the rocker-type vector microphone module with poor frequency response consistency and the ciliated vector microphone module with difficult process processing, the AVS module has the advantages of high signal-to-noise ratio and high processing efficiency, which can be applied to industrial measurement. Simple and other advantages.

As can be seen from the above, in order to provide voltage to each thermistor wire, in some embodiments of the present application, as shown in FIG. Wire 20c is connected to the same voltage source 30 . Based on this, in the case that the microphone module 02 further includes a controller 40 connected to the voltage source 30, as shown in FIG. And the above-mentioned first signal of at least one thermistor wire in the third thermistor wire 20c (for characterizing the resistance value of the thermistor wire), and control the voltage source 30 according to the first signal under the first ambient temperature T1, The first voltage U1 is output, and at the second ambient temperature T1, the first voltage U1 is output and the second voltage U2 is output.

In this case, when the microphone module 02 is at the first ambient temperature T1, the above-mentioned voltage source 30 can supply the first thermistor wire 20a, the second thermistor wire 20b and the third thermistor wire 20c. Any one, two or three apply the first voltage U1, so that the microphone module 02 has higher sensitivity and good signal-to-noise ratio. When the use environment of the microphone module 02 changes, for example, when the temperature changes from the above-mentioned first ambient temperature T1 to the second ambient temperature T2, the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire can be supplied by the above-mentioned voltage source 30 Any one, two or three of the thermistor wire 20b and the third thermistor wire 20c apply the second voltage U2, so that the microphone module 02 can still maintain a high sensitivity and a good signal-to-noise ratio.

It should be noted that, the above is based on the microphone module 02 as a three-wire model, that is, including three thermistor wires of the first thermistor wire 20a, the second thermistor wire 20b and the third thermistor wire 20c. The control method of the controller 40 is described with an example. When the microphone module 02 is a two-wire model as shown in FIG. In an embodiment, the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b may receive the same voltage output from the voltage source 30 at the same ambient temperature, and the specific control process will not be repeated here.

The above is an example in which multiple thermistor wires in the microphone module 02 are connected to the same voltage source 30. In some embodiments of the present application, when the microphone module 02 is a two-wire model (that is, includes a first thermistor wire 20a and a second thermistor wire 20b), as shown in FIG. 7 , the microphone module 02 It may include two sub-voltage sources, which are respectively a first sub-voltage source 30a and a second sub-voltage source 30b. For example, the voltage source includes two sub-voltage sources, which are respectively a first sub-voltage source 30a and a second sub-voltage source 30b. The first end b1 of the first thermistor wire 20a is electrically connected to the first sub-voltage source 30a, and the first end c1 of the second thermistor wire 20b is electrically connected to the second sub-voltage source 30b. In addition, both the first sub-voltage source 30 a and the second sub-voltage source 30 b are electrically connected to the controller 40 .

In this case, the controller 40 can obtain the external ambient temperature according to the change of the resistance value of the thermistor, and apply to the first thermistor wire 20a and/or the second thermistor wire respectively through different voltage sources. The voltage of 20b is controlled so that the performance of the microphone module 02 will not fluctuate greatly as the ambient temperature changes. In addition, under the same ambient temperature, the output voltages of the first sub-voltage source 30a and the second sub-voltage source 30b can be the same, so that, compared with the scheme of using two thermistor wires to share one voltage source, it can be The loads of the first sub-voltage source 30a and the second sub-voltage source 30b are reduced to achieve the purpose of reducing power consumption.

Similarly, in some embodiments of the present application, when the microphone module 02 is a three-wire model (that is, includes the first thermistor wire 20a, the second thermistor wire 20b and the third thermistor wire 20c) , as shown in FIG. 8 , the microphone module 02 may include three voltage sources, which are respectively a first sub-voltage source 30a, a second sub-voltage source 30b and a third sub-voltage source 30c. The first end b1 of the first thermistor wire 20a is electrically connected to the first sub-voltage source 30a, the first end c1 of the second thermistor wire 20b is electrically connected to the second sub-voltage source 30b, and the third thermistor wire The first terminal g1 of 20c is connected to the third sub-voltage source 30c.

In some embodiments, a voltage source can also have multiple output terminals, and different output terminals can be electrically connected to different components, such as thermistor wires, thermistors or heating elements, and different output terminals can output the same voltage or different voltages to power different components. For example, the first output terminal of the voltage source supplies power to the first thermistor wire 20a, and the second output terminal of the voltage source supplies power to the second thermistor wire 20b. In some embodiments, the same output terminal of a voltage source can be connected to different components to provide the same voltage for different components. For example a voltage source can supply the same voltage to two thermistors at the same time. In some embodiments, the voltage source may be a voltage converter or the like.

In addition, the first sub-voltage source 30 a , the second sub-voltage source 30 b and the third sub-voltage source 30 c are all electrically connected to the controller 40 . In this case, the controller 40 can respectively control the voltages applied to the first thermistor wire 20a, the second thermistor wire 20b and the third thermistor wire 20c through different voltage sources according to the external ambient temperature. Control to enable microphone module 02 performance.

Based on this, the above-mentioned fluid detection device 01 , such as the microphone module 02 , can be applied to any electronic device with voice recognition or voice communication functions. Exemplarily, the electronic device may be a TV with relatively high power, a desktop computer, an all-in-one machine, an intelligent audio device, a vehicle-mounted voice recognition device, and the like. Alternatively, the electronic device may also be a tablet computer, a mobile phone, a smart watch, etc. with less power. Taking the electronic device as an example of a television 03 as shown in FIG. 9 , the television 03 may include a housing 300 , a display screen 301 inside the housing 300 , and a microphone module 02 disposed below the display screen. The electronic device 03 has the same technical effect as the microphone module 02 provided in the foregoing embodiments, so the electronic device with the above-mentioned microphone module 02, when the temperature of the environment used by the user is different, the performance of the microphone module 02 will not vary with Large fluctuations due to changes in ambient temperature.

It should be noted that the present application does not limit the type of the above-mentioned display screen, which may be a liquid crystal display screen, an organic electroluminescent display screen or a quantum dot electroluminescent display screen.

Taking the electronic device 03 with the microphone module 02 as the television shown in FIG. 9, and the microphone module 02 as the three-wire model shown in FIG. The method of controlling the voltage of the thermistor wire will be described in detail. The microphone module 02 can be located at any position of the TV set, for example, it can be located at the lower frame (as shown in FIG. 9 ), the upper frame, the left frame, the right frame or behind the display screen 301 of the TV set. Wherein, the control method of the controller 40 includes S100-S102 as shown in FIG. 10 .

S100. Receive a user's mode selection operation.

Exemplarily, the working modes of the above-mentioned microphone module 02 may include a first mode (eg power saving mode) and a second mode (eg high performance mode). In the power-saving mode, the power consumption of the microphone module 02 is small, but the electrical signal output by the microphone module 02 is small (for example, the voltage difference Δu ₀ in FIG. 8 is small, and/or, the voltage source supplies the heating element and/or the power supply voltage provided by the thermistor is small), at this time the performance (eg, sensitivity) of the microphone module 02 is poor. Conversely, in the high-performance mode, the power consumption of the microphone module 02 is relatively large, but the electrical signal output by the microphone module 02 is relatively large (for example, the voltage difference Δu ₀ in FIG. The power supply voltage provided by the heating element and/or the thermistor is relatively large), at this time, the performance of the microphone module 02 is relatively good.

For example, when the above-mentioned microphone module 02 is applied to a TV, when the TV is playing images and sounds, and there is no need for calls and voice recognition, the user has lower requirements for the sensitivity of the microphone module 02 . At this time, the above-mentioned microphone module 02 can work in the power saving mode. Alternatively, when the TV is performing voice recognition or voice calls, the user has higher requirements on the sensitivity of the microphone module 02 . At this time, the above-mentioned microphone module 02 can work in a high-performance mode.

In this case, before the microphone module 02 performs voice recognition or voice calls, the user can select the working mode of the microphone module 02 according to needs, or the electronic device can automatically determine to enter the power saving mode or High performance mode. In some embodiments of the present application, the user can use the remote control of the TV, as shown in FIG. Power saving mode and high performance mode to choose. For example, if the selection button 302 is on the left side, it means that the working mode of the microphone module 02 is turned on, and if the selection button 302 is on the right side, it means that the working mode of the microphone module 02 is off. In some embodiments, the power saving mode or high performance mode can also be selected for the TV through the mobile phone. In some embodiments, the electronic device may automatically determine to enter the power saving mode or the high performance mode according to one or more of currently running software, programs or functions. For example, when the user turns on the voice call function of the electronic device, or the electronic device is using its own microphone for voice passing, the microphone module 02 automatically enters the high-performance mode; When the voice is awakened, the microphone module 02 is in power-saving mode. When the electronic device is awakened by voice (for example, the user calls the wake-up word "Xiaoyi Xiaoyi" to wake up the intelligent voice system), the electronic device needs to recognize the user's semantics, and the microphone module Group 02 automatically enters high performance mode.

Based on this, in some embodiments of the present application, when the user performs the first mode selection operation, the selection button 302 corresponding to the power saving mode is located on the left side, so that the power saving mode is turned on. In this case, the execution of the above S100 by the controller 40 specifically includes: the controller 40 receives the user's above-mentioned first mode selection operation, and in response to the first mode selection operation, controls the voltage source, such as the first sub-mode shown in FIG. 8 The voltage source 30a, the second sub-voltage source 30b and the third sub-voltage source 30c output the first mode initial voltage U1.

Or, in other embodiments of the present application, when the user performs the second mode selection operation, the selection key 302 corresponding to the high-performance mode shown in FIG. 11A is located on the left side, so that the high-performance mode is turned on. In this case, the execution of the above S100 by the controller 40 specifically includes: the controller 40 receives the user's above-mentioned second mode selection operation, and in response to the second mode selection operation, controls the voltage source, such as the first sub-mode shown in FIG. 8 The voltage source 30a, the second sub-voltage source 30b and the third sub-voltage source 30c output the second mode initial voltage U2.

The method of setting the values of the initial voltage U1 in the first mode and the initial voltage U2 in the second mode will be described below. FIG. 11B is a curve relationship between the vibration frequency of the particle and the sensitivity of the microphone module 02 during the sound wave transmission process. Wherein, when the voltages U applied to the first thermistor wire 20 a and the second thermistor wire 20 b are different, the obtained curves (for example, curve ①, curve ② and curve ③) are different.

Specifically, the voltage U applied to the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b by the curve ①, the curve ② and the curve ③ increases sequentially. In this case, when the vibration frequency of the particle is constant, such as 2000 Hz, it can be seen from the above three curves that the greater the voltage U applied to the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b, The higher the sensitivity of the microphone module 02, the better the performance of the microphone module 02. Conversely, the smaller the voltage U applied to the first thermistor wire 20 a and the second thermistor wire 20 b, the lower the sensitivity of the microphone module 02 and the worse the performance of the microphone module 02 .

In addition, the relationship between the voltage U applied to the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b and the performance of the microphone module 02 (including: sensitivity, signal-to-noise ratio and noise floor) can also be as follows Table 1 shows.

Table 1

It can also be seen from Table 1 that when the voltage U applied to the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b is larger, the sensitivity of the microphone module 02 is higher, and the signal-to-noise ratio is also larger. , but the noise floor will increase. Conversely, the smaller the voltage U applied to the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b, the lower the sensitivity of the microphone module 02, and the smaller the signal-to-noise ratio, but the background noise will be reduced. Small. In addition, it can be seen from Table 1 that, compared with the influence of voltage changes on sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio, the influence of voltage changes on the noise floor is small. Therefore, under the premise of considering the sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio as the main influencing factors affecting the performance index of the microphone module 02, the initial voltage U2 of the second mode provided to the above-mentioned thermistor wire in the high-performance mode can be greater than that in the power-saving mode The initial voltage U1 of the first mode is supplied to the above-mentioned thermistor wire.

For example, the initial voltage U1 in the first mode may be 2V˜4V. When the initial voltage U1 of the first mode is less than 2V, the voltage applied to the thermistor wire is too small, so that the sensitivity of the microphone module 02 is too low, which affects the performance of the microphone module 02 . In addition, when the initial voltage U1 in the first mode is greater than 4V, the voltage applied to the thermistor wire is too large, which increases the power consumption of the microphone module 02 and reduces the power saving effect. In some embodiments of the present application, the initial voltage U1 in the first mode may be 2V, 2.5V, 3V, 3.5V or 4V.

In addition, the initial voltage U2 of the second mode may be 5V˜12V. When the initial voltage U2 of the second mode is less than 5V, the voltage applied to the thermistor wire is too small, so that the sensitivity of the microphone module 02 is too low, which is not conducive to the high performance standard of the microphone module 02 . In addition, when the initial voltage U2 of the second mode is greater than 12V, the voltage applied to the thermistor wire is too large, which increases the power consumption of the microphone module 02, and the thermistor wire heats up severely, increasing the possibility of the thermistor wire failing. risk. In some embodiments of the present application, the aforementioned second mode initial voltage U2 may be 5V, 6V, 7V, 8V, 9V, 10V, 11V or 12V.

It should be noted that, in the above, the user controls the position of the selection button 302 in the setting interface of the TV display screen 301 shown in FIG. The mode selection operation is described by taking the selection of the power saving mode or the high performance mode as an example. In some other embodiments of the present application, the user may also directly press the mode button provided on the remote control of the television to perform the above-mentioned first mode selection operation or second mode selection operation.

Or, in some other embodiments of the present application, when the TV set can be electrically connected to the user's mobile terminal, such as a mobile phone or a tablet computer, in a wireless manner, the user can also control and select a button in the mobile phone operation interface to perform the above-mentioned A first mode selection operation or a second mode selection operation. This application is not limited to this.

Based on this, in order to enable the controller 40 to obtain the first mode initial voltage U1 and the second mode initial voltage U2 according to the user's mode selection operation, the microphone module 02 may further include a memory 50 as shown in FIG. 12 , The memory 50 is electrically connected to the controller 40 . The first mode initial voltage U1 and the second mode initial voltage U2 are stored in the memory 50 .

In this case, when the controller 40 receives the first mode selection operation issued by the user, it can respond to the first mode selection operation, obtain the first mode initial voltage U1 from the memory 50, and control the first sub-voltage source 30a , the second sub-voltage source 30b and the third sub-voltage source 30c output the first-mode initial voltage U1 to the thermistor wires electrically connected to them. Similarly, when the controller 40 receives the second mode selection operation issued by the user, it can respond to the second mode selection operation, obtain the second mode initial voltage U2 from the memory 50, and control the first sub-voltage source 30a, the second sub-voltage source 30a, The second sub-voltage source 30b and the third sub-voltage source 30c output the aforementioned second-mode initial voltage U2 to the thermistor wires electrically connected to them.

The specific structure of the above-mentioned controller 40 will be illustrated below with an example. In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in FIG. 13, the controller 40 may include at least one control component (such as a first control component 401a, a second control component 401b, and a third control component 401c), and a processor circuit 402.

Wherein, any one or more of the first control component 401a, the second control component 401b and the third control component 401c may include a voltage control circuit. In this case, the voltage control circuit 410 a in the first control component 401 a is electrically connected to the first sub-voltage source 30 a and the processor circuit 402 . The voltage control circuit 410b in the second control component 401b is electrically connected to the second sub-voltage source 30b and the processor circuit 402 . The voltage control circuit 410c in the third control component 401c is electrically connected to the third sub-voltage source 30c and the processor circuit 402 . Any one of the above voltage control circuits is used to control the output voltage of the voltage source electrically connected to the voltage control circuit according to the voltage control instruction output by the processor circuit 402.

In this case, when the processor circuit 402 in the controller 40 receives the first mode selection operation issued by the user, the processor circuit 402 can obtain the first mode initial voltage from the memory 50 in response to the first mode selection operation. U1, and output voltage control instructions to the voltage control circuits in the first control component 401a, the second control component 401b and the third control component 401c. The voltage control circuit 410a in the first control component 401a controls the first sub-voltage source 30a electrically connected to it to output the first-mode initial voltage U1 according to the voltage control instruction. The voltage control circuit 410b in the second control component 401b controls the second sub-voltage source 30b electrically connected to it to output the first mode initial voltage U1 according to the voltage control instruction. The voltage control circuit 410c in the third control component 401c controls the third sub-voltage source 30c electrically connected to it to output the first mode initial voltage U1 according to the voltage control instruction.

Similarly, when the processor circuit 402 in the controller 40 receives a second mode selection operation from the user, the processor circuit 402 may acquire the second mode initial voltage U2 from the memory 50 in response to the second mode selection operation, And output voltage control instructions to the voltage control circuits in the first control component 401a, the second control component 401b and the third control component 401c. The voltage control circuit 410a in the first control component 401a controls the first sub-voltage source 30a electrically connected to it to output the above-mentioned second-mode initial voltage U2 according to the voltage control instruction. The voltage control circuit 410b in the second control component 401b controls the second sub-voltage source 30b electrically connected to it to output the above-mentioned second-mode initial voltage U2 according to the voltage control instruction. The voltage control circuit 410c in the third control component 401c controls the third sub-voltage source 30c electrically connected to it to output the above-mentioned second-mode initial voltage U2 according to the voltage control instruction.

In some embodiments of the present application, any one of the above-mentioned voltage control circuits (such as the voltage control circuit 410a) may include a digital to analog converter (digital to analog converter, DAC) and a power amplifier. The DAC is used to convert the digital signal output by the processor circuit 402 , that is, the above-mentioned voltage control instruction, into an analog voltage and output it to the power amplifier. After the power amplifier amplifies the above-mentioned analog voltage, it outputs to the voltage source (for example, the first sub-voltage source 30a) electrically connected to the voltage control circuit (for example, the voltage control circuit 410a), so that the first sub-voltage source 30a outputs the above-mentioned Analog voltage signal.

When the working mode of the microphone module 02 is determined, when the ambient temperature of the outside world changes, in order to ensure that the performance of the microphone module 02 will not fluctuate greatly, the control process of the microphone module 02 also includes the following S101 and S102.

S101. Acquire a first signal.

It can be known from the above that the thermistor can generate a first signal corresponding to the temperature, and the first signal is used to represent the resistance value of the thermistor. Taking the microphone module 02 including two thermistors as the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b as an example, the resistance of the first thermistor wire 20a or the second thermistor wire 20b Values can vary depending on temperature. For example, the above-mentioned first signal reflects the resistance value of the first thermistor wire 20a or the second thermistor wire 20b, for example, the first signal may be the resistance of the first thermistor wire 20a or the second thermistor wire 20b value, or the current I output from the voltage source collected by the controller 40 to the thermistor wire. In some implementations, the controller 40 executing S101 to obtain the first signal may include: the controller 40 collects the current I (that is, the current signal) output from the voltage source to the thermistor wire, and according to the collected current I and the voltage source The output voltage U obtains the resistance R of the thermistor wire (R=U/I). In some embodiments, the first signal can also be the voltage difference Δu ₀ in the bridge circuit, the voltage difference Δu ₀ can represent the resistance value of the thermistor, and the change of the voltage difference Δu ₀ reflects the resistance value of the thermistor The change. In some embodiments, the first signal may also be the voltage value of the second end b2 of the first thermistor wire 20a, and/or, the voltage value of the second end c2 of the second thermistor wire 20b, the first The change of the voltage value of the second end b2 of the thermistor wire 20a can reflect the change of the resistance value of the first thermistor wire 20a, and the change of the voltage value of the second end c2 of the second thermistor wire 20b can reflect the change of the resistance value of the second thermistor wire 20b. The variation of the resistance value of the two thermistor wires 20b.

In some embodiments, when the microphone module 02 is the above-mentioned three-wire model, in order to enable the controller 40 to acquire the resistances of different thermistor wires. As shown in FIG. 13 , any one of the first control component 401 a , the second control component 401 b and the third control component 401 c in the controller 40 further includes a current acquisition circuit. Wherein, the current collection circuit 420a in the first control component 401a is electrically connected to the first sub-voltage source 30a, and the current collection circuit 420a is used to collect the current output from the first sub-voltage source 30a to the first thermistor wire 20a.

Similarly, the current collection circuit 420b in the second control component 401b is electrically connected to the second sub-voltage source 30b, and the current collection circuit 420b is used to collect the current output from the second sub-voltage source 30b to the second thermistor wire 20b. The current collection circuit 420c in the third control component 401c is electrically connected to the third sub-voltage source 30c, and the current collection circuit 420c is used to collect the current output from the third sub-voltage source 30c to the second thermistor wire 20c.

In this case, the processor circuit 402 electrically connected to each of the above-mentioned current acquisition circuits can calculate the first The resistance Ra of the thermistor wire 20a. The processor circuit 402 can also calculate the resistance Rb of the second thermistor wire 20b according to the voltage output by the second sub-voltage source 30b and the current collected by the current collection circuit 420b in the second control assembly 401b. In the case that the materials and dimensions of the above-mentioned first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b are the same, the processor circuit 402 can obtain the same, so the resistance Ra of the first thermistor wire 20a or the resistance Ra of the second thermistor wire 20a The resistance Rb of the thermistor wire 20b can be used as the resistance obtained by the processor circuit 402 .

However, when the sound wave is incident on the side (i.e. the left side) where the first thermistor wire 20a is located as shown in FIG. The temperature of the resistance wire 20a drops as shown in FIG. 5B . For example, as shown in FIG. 13 , the temperature of the first thermistor wire 20a drops to Ta-ΔT. In addition, the particle convective heat transfer formed by the reciprocating motion of the medium particle will be transferred to the second thermistor wire 20b on the side away from the sound wave, so that the heat of the second thermistor wire 20b will increase, as shown in Figure 13 for example , the temperature of the second thermistor wire 20b increases to Tb+ΔT.

Under the situation that the above-mentioned first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b have the same material and size specifications, the sound waves will cause the temperature of the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b to be different, thereby As a result, the actual resistance value (Ra-ΔR) of the first thermistor wire 20a is different from the actual resistance value (Ra+ΔR) of the second thermistor wire 20b. Therefore, when a sound wave is incident on the first thermistor wire 20a or the second thermistor wire 20b, the processor circuit 402 needs to calculate the actual resistance value of the first thermistor wire 20a (Ra-Δ R) is added to the actual resistance value (Ra+ΔR) of the second thermistor wire 20b and the average value is calculated as the above resistance. Therefore, the influence of the resistance change ΔR of the first thermistor wire 20a or the second thermistor wire 20b caused by the sound wave on the calculated resistance can be eliminated.

Or, when the resistance change ΔR of the first thermistor wire 20a or the second thermistor wire 20b caused by the wave is small, it can be ignored. In this case, any resistance value in the actual resistance value (Ra-ΔR) of the first thermistor wire 20a and the actual resistance value (Ra+ΔR) of the second thermistor wire 20b can be used as the above-mentioned resistance. Next, the following S102 can be performed to calculate the ambient temperature according to the obtained resistance, and provide a voltage matching the ambient temperature to the thermistor wire, so as to reduce the impact of the performance of the microphone module 02 on the ambient temperature. fluctuation.

S102. According to the first signal, control the voltage source to output the first voltage at the first ambient temperature, and output the second voltage at the second ambient temperature.

Specifically, the processor circuit 402 shown in FIG. 13 can execute the above S102, so as to send the first signal to the first control component 401a according to the first signal, that is, the resistance of the first thermistor wire 20a or the second thermistor wire 20b. The voltage control circuit 410a outputs a voltage control command, so that the first sub-voltage source 30a electrically connected to the voltage control circuit 410a outputs the first voltage U1 at the first ambient temperature T1, and outputs the second voltage U1 at the second ambient temperature T2. Voltage U2. At the same time, the processor circuit 402 outputs a voltage control command to the voltage control circuit 410b in the second control component 401b, so that the second sub-voltage source 30b electrically connected to the voltage control circuit 410b outputs the second sub-voltage source 30b under the first ambient temperature T1. A voltage U1, at a second ambient temperature T2, outputs a second voltage U2.

Based on this, under the condition that the materials and dimensions of the above-mentioned first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b are the same, the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b are at the same ambient temperature. The received temperature is the same. For example, when at the first ambient temperature T1, both the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b receive the first voltage U1, and at the second ambient temperature T2, the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b both receive the above-mentioned second voltage U2.

For example, when the first ambient temperature T1 is higher than the second ambient temperature T2, the above-mentioned first voltage U1 may be greater than the second voltage U2. In this way, when the ambient temperature drops from the first ambient temperature T1 to the second ambient temperature T2, the voltage applied to the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b can be reduced from the first voltage U1 to The second voltage U2. Alternatively, when the ambient temperature rises from the second ambient temperature T2 to the first ambient temperature T1, the voltage applied to the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b can be increased from the second voltage U2 to The first voltage U1. In this way, by adjusting the voltage applied to the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b, fluctuations in the performance of the microphone module 02 caused by the ambient temperature are reduced.

It should be noted that, in the case where the materials and dimensions of the first thermistor wire 20a, the second thermistor wire 20b, and the third thermistor wire 20c are the same, at the same ambient temperature, the third control assembly 401c The voltage control circuit 410c in can control the voltage output by the third sub-voltage source 30c to be the same as the voltage output by the first sub-voltage source 30a and the second sub-voltage source 30b, so that under the same ambient temperature, the third thermistor wire 30c It is the same as the voltage received by the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b.

In addition, the above description is made by taking the example in which the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b are respectively electrically connected to different control components. Since the above-mentioned first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b have the same material and dimensions, the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b receive same temperature. Therefore, the voltage control circuit 410a in the first control assembly 401a electrically connected to the first thermistor wire 20a and the voltage control circuit 410b in the second control assembly 401b electrically connected to the second thermistor wire 20b can be shared. Moreover, the first sub-voltage source 30a and the second sub-voltage source 30b may also be shared.

It can be seen from the above that the ambient temperature calculated by the processor circuit 402 in the microphone module 02 needs to match the voltage applied to the thermistor wires, such as the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b. Therefore, the change of the external ambient temperature will not cause large fluctuations in the performance of the microphone module 02 . In this case, the performance of the microphone module 02, such as the above-mentioned sensitivity, signal-to-noise ratio, and background noise, can be obtained by means of simulation or experimental testing. A data set corresponding to the voltage applied to the thermistor wire. And store the above data set in the memory 50.

In this way, when the ambient temperature is calculated by the processor circuit 402 in the microphone module 02, the voltage matching the ambient temperature can be recalled from the memory 50, and the above-mentioned voltage source can be controlled to provide the voltage to the thermistor wire , to reduce the fluctuation caused by the performance of the microphone module 02 being affected by the ambient temperature. The above data set will be described in detail with an example below.

For example, in some embodiments of the present application, the processor circuit 402 may store the first data set DS1 shown in Table 2 and the first data set DS1 shown in Table 3 in the memory 50 of the microphone module 02 before executing the above S102. The second data set DS2.

Table 2

It can be seen from Table 2 that the first data set DS1 may include multiple resistance value ranges, such as (R1~R2), (R2~R3), (R3~R4) and (R4~R5) ... and multiple environmental Temperature, for example, Tes1, Tes2, Tes3 and Tes4.... A range of resistance values matches an ambient temperature. For example, the resistance value range (R1~R2) matches the ambient temperature Tes1, the resistance value range (R2~R3) matches the ambient temperature Tes2, the resistance value range (R2~R3) matches the ambient temperature Tes3, the resistance value range (R4~R5) match the ambient temperature Tes4.

table 3

It can be seen from Table 3 that the second data set DS2 includes a plurality of ambient temperature ranges, such as (Tes1~Tes2), (Tes2~Tes3), (Tes3~Tes4) and (Tes4~Tes5) ... and a plurality of voltages, For example Uo1, Uo2, Uo3 and Uo4.... An ambient temperature range matches a voltage, for example, the ambient temperature range (Tes1~Tes2) matches the voltage Uo1, the ambient temperature range (Tes2~Tes3) matches the voltage Uo2, and the ambient temperature range (Tes3~Tes4) matches the voltage Uo3 Matching, the ambient temperature range (Tes4 ~ Tes5) matches the voltage Uo4.

In this case, the execution of the above S102 by the processor circuit 402 shown in FIG. 13 may include S201 and S202 shown in FIG. 14 .

S201. From the first data set DS1, according to the first signal, acquire the ambient temperature matching the resistance value range of the resistance of the thermistor.

Specifically, the processor circuit 402 may obtain and obtain the temperature of the thermistor (for example, the first thermistor wire 20a or the second thermistor wire 20b) from the first data set DS1 shown in Table 2 when executing S101. Resistors are located in a resistance value range that matches the ambient temperature. For example, when the above-mentioned resistor is in the resistance range (R1-R2), the processor circuit 402 may acquire the ambient temperature Tes1 matching the resistance range (R1-R2) as the first ambient temperature. Alternatively, when the above-mentioned resistor is in the resistance range (R3-R3), the processor circuit 402 may acquire the ambient temperature Tes2 matching the resistance range (R2-R3) as the second ambient temperature.

It should be noted that the above ambient temperature refers to the temperature of the surrounding air where the thermistor wire is working. However, after the thermistor wire is energized, it will generate a certain temperature (which can be called the working temperature). The working temperature is related to the performance parameters of the thermistor wire, such as the resistance value. However, there is a certain temperature difference between the ambient temperature and the working temperature. Therefore, if the operating temperature corresponding to the real-time impedance of the thermistor wire is directly used as the ambient temperature to call the voltage from the second data set DS2, the called voltage will be inaccurate, thereby affecting the performance stability of the microphone module 02.

Therefore, in order to improve the accuracy of the resistance obtained by the controller 40 in the microphone module 02, the performance of the microphone module 02, such as the above-mentioned sensitivity, signal-to-noise ratio, and background noise, can be tested by means of simulation or experimental testing. Under different ambient temperatures, a data set composed of operating temperatures corresponding to the respective ambient temperatures is obtained. And store the above data set in the memory 50.

In this way, the processor circuit 402 can obtain the working temperature matching the real-time impedance according to the calculated real-time impedance, and then further obtain the ambient temperature matching the working temperature from the working temperature, and the ambient temperature is closer to the thermal The actual temperature of the environment where the sensitive wire is actually located. Next, the voltage is called from the second ambient temperature data set DS2 to improve the accuracy of the finally obtained voltage. The following is a detailed example of the above-mentioned data set having the resistance value of the thermistor wire, the ambient temperature and the working temperature.

Specifically, the above-mentioned first data set DS1 may include the first subset DS1a shown in Table 4 and the second subset DS1b shown in Table 5.

Table 4

It can be seen from Table 4 that the first subset DS1a may include multiple resistance value ranges (R1~R2), (R2~R3), (R3~R4) and (R4~R5)...and multiple operating temperature ranges (Tw1-Tw2), (Tw2-Tw3), (Tw3-Tw4), and (Tw4-Tw5).... A resistance value range matches an operating temperature range, for example, the resistance value range (R1～R2) matches the operating temperature range (Tw1～Tw2), the resistance value range (R2～R3) matches the operating temperature range (Tw2～Tw3) Matching, the resistance value range (R3-R4) matches the working temperature range (Tw3-Tw4), and the resistance value range (R4-R5) matches the working temperature range (Tw4-Tw5).

table 5

It can be seen from Table 5 that the second subset DS1b includes multiple operating temperature ranges (Tw1~Tw2), (Tw2~Tw3), (Tw3~Tw4) and (Tw4~Tw5) ... and multiple ambient temperatures, for example , Tes1, Tes2, Tes3 and Tes4... . A working temperature range matches an ambient temperature, for example, the temperature range (Tw1～Tw2) matches the ambient temperature Tes1, the temperature range (Tw2～Tw3) matches the ambient temperature Tes2, and the temperature range (Tw,3～Tw4) matches the The ambient temperature Tes3 matches, and the temperature range (Tw4-Tw5) matches the ambient temperature Tes4.

In this case, the execution of the above S201 by the processor circuit 402 in the controller 40 may include:

First, the processor circuit 402 can acquire the working temperature matching the resistance value range of the resistor from the first subset DS1a shown in Table 4. For example, when the above-mentioned resistance is in the resistance value range (R1-R2), the processor circuit 402 can obtain the working temperature range (Tw1-Tw2) matching the resistance value range (R1-R2) as the first working temperature range . Or, when the above-mentioned resistance is in the resistance value range (R3-R3), the processor circuit 402 can acquire the working temperature range (Tw2-Tw3) matching the resistance value range (R2-R3) as the second working temperature range .

Next, the processor circuit 402 obtains the ambient temperature Tes1 matching the first working temperature range (Tw1-Tw2) from the second subset DS1b shown in Table 5 as the first ambient temperature, or, from the second subset DS1b The second ambient temperature Tes1 matching the second working temperature range (Tw2˜Tw3) is obtained from the second subset DS1b.

It can be seen from the above that, during the process of executing the above S201, the processor circuit 402 in the controller 40 can pass the collected resistance and obtain the first data set DS1 (including the first subset DS1a and the second subset DS1a) stored in the memory 50. In the subset DS1b), the ambient temperature matching the resistance is retrieved. Therefore, the accuracy of the resistance value will ultimately affect the accuracy of the acquired ambient temperature. Based on this, in order to improve the accuracy of the resistance obtained by the controller 40 in the microphone module 02 , as shown in FIG. 15 , the microphone module 02 may further include a temperature detector 51 . The temperature detector 51 is electrically connected to the controller 40, and is arranged near the second thermistor wire 20b (or, the first thermistor wire 20a), and the temperature detector 51 is used to collect the second thermistor wire 20b (or, the first thermistor wire 20a ), and transmit the collected signal to the processor circuit 402 in the controller 40 . In some embodiments, the signal collected by the temperature detector 51 may be the first signal.

Based on this, the processor circuit 402 in the controller 40 obtains the first operating temperature range or the second operating temperature range matching the resistance value range of the resistor from the first subset DS1a, and then obtains the first operating temperature range or the second operating temperature range from the second subset DS1b Before obtaining the first ambient temperature matching the first operating temperature range, or obtaining the second ambient temperature matching the second operating temperature range from the second subset, the processor circuit 402 is also used to determine whether the temperature detector 51 Collect whether the temperature of the thermistor wire is within the first working temperature range or the second working temperature range.

In this case, the processor circuit 402 is used to obtain the ambient temperature matching the working temperature range from the second subset DS1b including:

If the temperature of the thermistor wire collected by the temperature detector 51 is within the working temperature range, the first ambient temperature matching the first working temperature range is obtained from the second subset DS1b, or obtained from the second subset A second ambient temperature matching the second operating temperature range. Alternatively, if the temperature of the thermistor wire collected by the temperature detector 51 is outside the working temperature range, the processor circuit 402 obtains the resistance of the thermistor wire again.

In this way, after the processor circuit 402 retrieves the working environment temperature range from the memory 50 according to the acquired resistance, it can determine whether the temperature of the thermistor wire collected by the temperature detector 51 falls within the working environment temperature range . If the temperature falls within the working environment temperature range, it means that the resistance obtained by the processor circuit 402 is accurate, so that the ambient temperature matching the ambient temperature range can be continuously obtained according to the above ambient temperature range.

In addition, if the temperature does not fall within the temperature range of the working environment, it means that the resistance obtained by the processor circuit 402 is inaccurate, and the processor circuit 402 needs to obtain the resistance of the thermistor wire again to achieve the accuracy of the obtained resistance. Next, after the processor circuit 402 obtains the ambient temperature from the resistor, the processor circuit 402 may execute the following S202 to obtain a voltage that matches the ambient temperature.

It should be noted that, the above is based on the processor circuit 402 in the controller 40 judging whether the temperature of the thermistor wire collected by the temperature detector 51 is within the working temperature range to determine the thermal temperature calculated by the processor circuit 402. Whether the resistance of the resistance wire is accurate is judged. Next, the ambient temperature of the thermistor wire is obtained through the resistance of the thermistor wire, and the following S202 is executed to obtain a voltage matching the ambient temperature. In other embodiments of the present application, the processor circuit 402 can obtain the ambient temperature of the thermistor wire directly through the temperature of the thermistor wire collected by the temperature detector 51 without calculating the resistance of the thermistor wire, And execute the following S202 to obtain the voltage matching the ambient temperature.

S202. Obtain a voltage matching the ambient temperature from the second data set, and control the voltage source to output the voltage.

Specifically, the processor circuit 402 in the controller 40 acquires the voltage Uo1 matching the first ambient temperature range (Tes1-Tes2) from the second data set DS2 shown in Table 3 during the process of executing the above S202 , as the first voltage, and control the above-mentioned voltage sources, such as the first sub-voltage source 30a, the second sub-voltage source 30b and the third sub-voltage source 30c shown in FIG. The second thermistor wire 20b and the third thermistor wire 20c output the aforementioned voltage Uo1.

Alternatively, the processor circuit 402 in the controller 40 acquires the voltage Uo2 matching the second ambient temperature range (Tes2-Tes1) from the second data set DS2 shown in Table 3 during the process of executing the above S202, As the second voltage, and control the above-mentioned voltage sources, such as the first sub-voltage source 30a, the second sub-voltage source 30b and the third sub-voltage source 30c shown in FIG. The thermistor wire 20b and the third thermistor wire 20c output the aforementioned voltage Uo2.

In this way, when the first ambient temperature T1 of the thermistor wire is in the first ambient temperature range (Tes1-Tes2), the voltage received by the thermistor wire is the voltage Uo1 as the first voltage U1, when When the second ambient temperature T2 of the thermistor wire is within the second ambient temperature range (Tes2-Tes3), the voltage received by the thermistor wire is the voltage Uo2 as the second voltage U2. It can be seen from the above that, when the first ambient temperature T1 is higher than the second ambient temperature T2, the above-mentioned first voltage U1 can be greater than the second voltage U2, so that the temperature applied to the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermal resistance can be adjusted. The voltage of the sensitive resistance wire 20b reduces the fluctuation of the performance of the microphone module 02 due to the influence of the ambient temperature.

On this basis, it can be seen from the above formula (1), formula (2) and formula (3) that the degree of temperature change ΔT of the thermistor wire is proportional to the thermal diffusivity D of the medium. In addition, it can be seen from formula (5) that the greater the temperature change ΔT of the thermistor wire, the greater the voltage difference Δu ₀ at the output terminals of the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b. The voltage difference Δu ₀ is proportional to the sensitivity of the microphone module 02 . Therefore, the higher the thermal diffusivity D of the medium where the microphone module 02 is located, that is, the higher the ambient temperature, the higher the sensitivity of the microphone module 02 . However, the temperature of the environment where the microphone module 02 is located cannot be unlimitedly high. When the ambient temperature is too high, the thermistor wire will be damaged, so that the microphone module 02 cannot work normally.

In order to solve the above problems, in some embodiments of the present application, in the case that the materials and dimensions of the first thermistor wire 20a, the second thermistor wire 20b and the third thermistor wire 20c are the same, in order to The working state of the first thermistor wire 20a, the second thermistor wire 20b and/or the third thermistor wire 20c is detected, and the processor circuit 402 can also be based on the voltage output by the third sub-voltage source 30c, and the first The current collected by the current collection circuit 420c in the third control component 401c is used to calculate the resistance Rc of the third thermistor wire 20c. Since the resistance of the thermistor wires will change according to the temperature, the temperature of the above three thermistor wires can be obtained by obtaining the resistance Rc of the third thermistor wire 20c. When the temperature exceeds the temperature threshold, a warning signal, such as a buzzer or a flashing light, can be sent to remind the user that the temperature of the microphone module 02 is too high, and the microphone module 02 can be properly turned off, or the high-performance mode can be switched to save electric mode.

Or, in other embodiments of the present application, the voltage at the second end of the first thermistor wire 20a or the second thermistor wire 20b can be detected. When the voltage is too large, the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b The temperature of the second thermistor wire 20b is higher, and it is possible to stop applying voltage to the third thermistor wire 20c, and the third thermistor wire 20c is no longer applied to the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b. A temperature field is provided so as to reduce the temperature of the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b. In this case, the third control component 401c and the third voltage source 30c electrically connected to the third thermistor wire 20c may not be provided in the above-mentioned microphone module 02 . The third thermistor wire 20c may share a voltage source with the first thermistor wire 20a or the second thermistor wire 20b.

In the following, an example will be described for controlling whether to apply a voltage to the third thermistor wire 20c by detecting the output voltage of the first thermistor wire 20a or the second thermistor wire 20b. In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in FIG. 16 , the above-mentioned microphone module 02 may include a switch (taking a switch M as an example), an inductor L and a comparator 60 . The above switch can be connected in series with the third thermistor wire 20c as a heating element. The gate terminal of the switch receives the control signal, and the switch is selectively turned on based on the control signal. For example, when the switch is a switch tube M, the first pole k1 of the switch tube M is electrically connected to the second end g2 of the third thermistor wire 20c, and the second pole k2 of the switch tube M is grounded. The first end l1 of the inductor L is electrically connected to the second end c2 of the second thermistor wire 20b (or, the second end b2 of the first thermistor wire 20a ). The first end m1 of the capacitor C is electrically connected to the second end l2 of the inductor L, and the second end m2 of the capacitor C is grounded. The inductor L and the capacitor C can form a filter circuit for filtering signals.

In addition, the first input end of the comparator 60 (for example, the end marked with “+”) is electrically connected to the second end l2 of the inductor L. The second input terminal of the comparator 60 (for example, the terminal marked with “-”) is used to receive the reference voltage Vref. The output terminal of the comparator 60 is electrically connected with the gate terminal k3 of the switch tube M, for example, the gate. The comparator 60 is used to output a control signal to the gate of the switch tube M to control the switch tube M to cut off if the voltage V0 of the first input terminal of the comparator 60 is greater than the reference voltage Vref. The voltage at the first input end of 60 is lower than the reference voltage Vref, and then a control signal is output to the gate end of the switch tube M to control the switch tube M to be turned on. In addition, the comparator 60 is also electrically connected to the first working voltage terminal VDD and the second working voltage terminal VSS. There is a voltage difference between the first working voltage terminal VDD and the second working voltage terminal VSS to drive the comparator 60 to work.

The above-mentioned switching tube M can be a field effect transistor (field effect transistor, EFT), the first pole k1 of the switching tube M can be a source (source), the second pole k2 can be a drain (drain), or the switching tube M The first pole k1 can be a drain, and the second pole k2 can be a source. The switch tube M can be an N-type transistor or a P-type transistor.

Based on this, for example, in the case that the switch tube M is a P-type transistor, when the comparison result of the comparator 60 is V1>Vref, the current applied to the second thermistor wire 20b and the first thermistor wire 20a The voltage is larger, the temperature of the second thermistor wire 20b and the first thermistor wire 20a is too high, in order to avoid the failure of the second thermistor wire 20b and the first thermistor wire 20a, the comparator 60 can output High level, at this time the switch tube M is cut off. At this time, the third thermistor wire 20c is disconnected from the ground terminal GND, and no current flows through the third thermistor wire 20c, so that the third thermistor wire 20c no longer flows to the first thermistor wire. 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b provide a temperature field, so as to reduce the temperature of the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b.

Or, when the comparison result of the comparator 60 is V1<Vref, the voltages applied to the second thermistor wire 20b and the first thermistor wire 20a are relatively small, and the second thermistor wire 20b and the first thermistor wire The temperature of the thermistor wire 20a will not cause failure of the second thermistor wire 20b and the first thermistor wire 20a. The comparator 60 can output a low level, and the switch M is turned on at this moment. At this time, the third thermistor wire 20c is electrically connected to the ground terminal GND, and the current flows through the third thermistor wire 20c, so that the third thermistor wire 20c flows to the first thermistor wire 20a and the first thermistor wire 20a. The second thermistor wire 20b provides a temperature field to improve the sensitivity of the microphone module 02 .

Or, for another example, in the case that the switching tube M is an N-type transistor, when the comparison result of the comparator 60 is V1>Vref, the current applied to the second thermistor wire 20b and the first thermistor wire 20a If the voltage is large, the temperature of the second thermistor wire 20b and the first thermistor wire 20a is too high. In order to avoid failure of the second thermistor wire 20b and the first thermistor wire 20a, the comparator 60 can output a low level, and the switch tube M is turned off at this time. Or, when the comparison result of the comparator 60 is V1<Vref, the voltages applied to the second thermistor wire 20b and the first thermistor wire 20a are relatively small, and the second thermistor wire 20b and the first thermistor wire The temperature of the thermistor wire 20a will not cause failure of the second thermistor wire 20b and the first thermistor wire 20a. The comparator 60 can output a high level, and the switch M is turned on at this moment.

On this basis, it can be seen from the above that in FIG. 16 , the change in resistance of the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b can be converted into a voltage difference Δu ₀ . Sound information can be obtained by performing signal processing on the above-mentioned voltage difference Δu ₀ . Specifically, as shown in FIG. 17 , the microphone module 02 may further include an operational amplifier 61 . The first input end of the operational amplifier 61 (such as the end of the mark "+") is electrically connected to the second end b2 of the first thermistor wire 20a, and the second input end of the operational amplifier 61 (such as the end of the mark "-") ) is electrically connected to the second end c2 of the second thermistor wire 20b. The operational amplifier 61 is used to amplify the voltage difference Δu ₀ .

In addition, the microphone module 02 may further include a noise reduction circuit 62 , an analog to digital converter (analog to digital converter, ADC) 63 and a digital signal processor 64 as shown in FIG. 18 . Wherein, the noise reduction circuit 62 is electrically connected between the second end b2 of the first thermistor wire 20a and the first input end of the operational amplifier 61, and the noise reduction circuit 62 is also electrically connected to the second end b2 of the second thermistor wire 20b. Between the two terminals c1 and the second input terminal of the operational amplifier. The noise reduction circuit 62 is used to perform noise reduction processing on the voltage difference Δu ₀ . In some embodiments, the noise reduction circuit 62 may include multi-stage sub-noise reduction circuits, and the sub-noise reduction circuits may reduce noise step by step to improve the noise reduction effect.

In addition, the input end of the analog-to-digital converter 63 is electrically connected to the output end of the operational amplifier 61 , and the analog-to-digital converter 63 is used to convert the analog signal output by the operational amplifier 61 into a digital signal. The input terminal of the digital signal processor 64 is electrically connected with the output terminal of the analog-to-digital converter 63 . The digital signal processor 64 is configured to perform at least one of noise reduction processing, reverberation cancellation processing (for example, elimination of ambient reverberation) or echo cancellation processing on the digital signal output by the analog-to-digital converter 63 .

The above is that the controller 40 in the microphone module 02 controls the voltage source to output different voltages according to the different ambient temperatures of the thermistor wire, so as to reduce the fluctuation of the performance of the microphone module 02 affected by the ambient temperature. As shown in FIG. 19 , the microphone module 02 provided in other embodiments of the present application may include a controller 40 , a voltage converter 70 , and at least two of the above-mentioned at least one heating element and at least one thermistor. For example, the heating element may be a first thermistor wire 20a, and the thermistor may be a second thermistor wire 20b. The controller 40 may be electrically connected with the voltage converter 70 . The voltage converter 70 has a voltage terminal 701, which is electrically connected to the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b.

In this case, the voltage converter 70 is used to output different voltages according to the above-mentioned first signal. For example, under the control of the controller 40, the voltage converter 70 can output the first voltage U1 at the first ambient temperature T1 and output the second voltage U2 at the second ambient temperature T2 according to the first signal. Based on this, the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b are used to receive the acoustic wave signal and the voltage terminal 701 of the voltage converter 70 to output an electrical signal, the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire The resistance of the wire 20b is used to change under the action of the acoustic wave signal.

Exemplarily, the above-mentioned voltage converter 70 can be a DC voltage conversion circuit, such as a low-voltage linear regulator (low dropout regulator, LDO), a step-down circuit (buck) circuit, a boost voltage (boost) circuit, or a boost-drop pressure (buck-boost) circuit. In some embodiments of the present application, the voltage converter 70 may be a part of the above-mentioned voltage source 30 or serve as the above-mentioned voltage source 30 . Alternatively, in some other embodiments of the present application, the voltage source 30 can be used as a part of the voltage converter 70 .

Based on this, the controller 40 can obtain the resistance of the thermistor wire, and retrieve a voltage matching the real-time resistance value from the memory 50 according to the resistance. The specific process of obtaining the voltage by the controller 40 is the same as that described above, and will not be repeated here. Next, the controller 40 can control the ratio of the output voltage of the voltage converter 70 to the input voltage according to the obtained voltage, so that the voltage converter 70 can output the voltage obtained by the controller 40 to be applied to the first A thermistor wire 20a and a second thermistor wire 20b. The technical effect of the microphone module 02 having the above-mentioned voltage converter 70 is the same as that described above, and will not be repeated here.

In addition, in order to perform signal processing on the voltage difference Δu ₀ between the second end of the first thermistor wire 20a and the second end of the second thermistor wire 20b to obtain sound information. The microphone module 02 with the above-mentioned voltage converter 70 may also include the above-mentioned operational amplifier, at least one stage of noise reduction circuit, an analog-to-digital converter, and a digital signal processor. The connection relationship and functions of the operational amplifier, noise reduction circuit, analog-to-digital converter, and digital signal processor are the same as those described above, and will not be repeated here.

It should be noted that, the above description is made by taking an example in which the microphone module 02 includes two thermistor wires, such as the first thermistor wire 20 a and the second thermistor wire 20 b . In some other embodiments of the present application, the microphone module 02 may further include the above-mentioned third thermistor wire 20c. The technical effect of the third thermistor wire 20c is the same as that described above, and will not be repeated here.

It should be noted that the above is that when the voltage applied to the second thermistor wire 20b and the first thermistor wire 20a is relatively large, the temperature of the second thermistor wire 20b and the first thermistor wire 20a Too high, in order to avoid the failure of the second thermistor wire 20b and the first thermistor wire 20a, control the switch tube M to cut off as an example, and give an example of whether the third thermistor wire 20c as the heating element further provides a temperature field illustrate.

In some other embodiments of the present application, when the switch tube M is an N-type transistor, in order to avoid failure of the second thermistor wire 20b and the first thermistor wire 20a due to excessive temperature, when the comparator 60 When the comparison result of V1 is less than but close to the reference voltage Vref, the switch tube M can be controlled to be turned on, and the voltage applied to the third thermistor wire 20c can be reduced to reduce the heat of the third thermistor wire 20c, Therefore, the heat received by the second thermistor wire 20b and the first thermistor wire 20a from the third thermistor wire 20c is reduced. Or, in some other embodiments of the present application, when the temperature of the second thermistor wire 20b and the first thermistor wire 20a is low, that is, when the comparison result of the comparator 60 is that V1 is much smaller than the reference voltage Vref, While the switch tube M can be controlled to be turned on, the voltage applied to the third thermistor wire 20c can be increased to increase the heat of the third thermistor wire 20c, thereby increasing the heat of the second thermistor wire 20b and the first thermal resistance wire 20b. The sensitive wire 20a receives heat from the third thermistor wire 20c. In addition, in other embodiments of the present application, when the fluid detection device 01, such as the microphone module 02, is the above-mentioned two-wire model (that is, includes the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b), or is the above-mentioned In the case of the three-wire model (that is, including the first thermistor wire 20a, the second thermistor wire 20b, and the third thermistor wire 20c), when the temperature of the environment where the fluid detection device 01 is located changes, it can A thermistor wire 20a and a second thermistor wire 20b provide a fixed voltage. In addition, according to the temperature change of the first thermistor wire 20a and the second thermistor wire 20b, the switch tube M is controlled to be off or on, or when the switch tube M is turned on, the control is applied to the third thermistor wire. 20c for the purpose of adjusting the temperature of the second thermistor wire 20b and the first thermistor wire 20a. The specific adjustment process is the same as that described above, and will not be repeated here.

In addition, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable medium includes computer instructions, and when the computer instructions are run on the controller 40, the controller 40 is made to execute any one of the above-mentioned control methods. The technical effects of the computer-readable storage medium are the same as those described above, and will not be repeated here.

The embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product. The computer program product includes computer instructions, and when the computer instructions are run on the controller 40, the controller 40 is made to execute any one of the above-mentioned control methods. The technical effect of the computer program product is the same as that described above, and will not be repeated here.

In the above embodiments, all or part of them may be implemented by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented using a software program, it may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When computer-executed instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the processes or functions according to the embodiments of the present application are generated in whole or in part. A computer can be a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, computer network, or other programmable device. Computer instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, e.g. Coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (digital subscriber line, DSL)) or wireless (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) transmission to another website site, computer, server or data center. The computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer, or may contain one or more data storage devices such as servers and data centers that can be integrated with the medium. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, or a magnetic tape), an optical medium (for example, a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (for example, a solid state disk (solid state disk, SSD)), etc.

The above is only a specific implementation of the application, but the scope of protection of the application is not limited thereto. Anyone familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the application. Should be covered within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

A fluid detection device, characterized in that it comprises:

power source;

channels for fluid flow;

at least one heating element electrically connected to the voltage source;

At least one thermistor, the at least one thermistor is electrically connected to the voltage source, and the at least one thermistor is used to sense the ambient temperature of the at least one thermistor; wherein, when the fluid the fluid flows through the thermistor while the channel is flowing;

When the ambient temperature of the at least one thermistor is the first ambient temperature, the voltage source at least outputs a first voltage to the at least one thermistor, and when the environment of the at least one thermistor is When the temperature is a second ambient temperature, the voltage source at least outputs a second voltage to the at least one thermistor;

Wherein, the first ambient temperature is different from the second ambient temperature, and the first voltage is different from the second voltage.
The fluid detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that,

the first ambient temperature is higher than the second ambient temperature;

The first voltage is greater than the second voltage.
The fluid detection device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fluid detection device further comprises:

a controller electrically connected to the voltage source;

Wherein, the thermistor is used to generate a first signal corresponding to the temperature of the thermistor; the controller is configured to output a voltage control signal to the voltage source according to the first signal.
The fluid detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that,

The controller includes:

a processor circuit, configured to output a voltage control instruction according to the first signal;

At least one control component; the control component includes: a voltage control circuit electrically connected to the voltage source and the processor circuit, and the voltage control circuit is configured to output to the voltage source according to the voltage control instruction the voltage control signal.
The fluid detection device according to claim 4, wherein the control assembly further comprises:

a current collection circuit, electrically connected to the voltage source and the processor circuit, the current collection circuit is configured to collect the current flowing through the thermistor, and output the current signal to the processor circuit, the The first signal includes a current signal.
The fluid detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that,

The processor circuit is further configured to receive a user's first mode selection operation, and output the voltage control instruction to the voltage control circuit in response to the first mode selection operation, so that the voltage source outputs the first mode initial voltage;

or,

The processor circuit is further configured to receive a user's second mode selection operation, and output the voltage control instruction to the voltage control circuit in response to the second mode selection operation, so that the voltage source outputs the second mode initial voltage;

Wherein, the initial voltage in the first mode is smaller than the initial voltage in the second mode.
The fluid detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that,

The initial voltage of the first mode is 2V-4V;

The initial voltage of the second mode is 5V˜12V.
The fluid detection device according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the at least one thermistor comprises a first thermistor and a second thermistor; the first thermistor and the second thermistor Thermistors are respectively used as two branches of the bridge circuit.
The fluid detection device according to claim 8, wherein the fluid detection device further comprises:

a first resistor, the first resistor and the first thermistor are connected in series between the voltage source and the ground terminal;

a second resistor, the second resistor and the second thermistor are connected in series between the voltage source and the ground terminal;

An operational amplifier, the first input terminal of the operational amplifier is electrically connected between the first resistor and the first thermistor, and the second input terminal of the operational amplifier is electrically connected between the second resistor and the first thermistor. between the second thermistor.
The fluid detection device according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the fluid detection device further comprises:

A comparator, the first input end of the comparator is electrically connected to one end of the first thermistor or the second thermistor away from the voltage source, and the second input end of the comparator is used to receive a reference voltage, the output terminal of the comparator outputs a control signal;

a switch, the switch is connected in series with the at least one heating element, the gate terminal of the switch receives the control signal, and the switch is selectively turned on based on the control signal.
The fluid detection device according to claim 9, wherein the fluid detection device further comprises:

A noise reduction circuit, the noise reduction circuit is electrically connected between the first thermistor and the first input terminal of the operational amplifier, and the noise reduction circuit is also electrically connected between the second thermistor and the between the second input terminals of the operational amplifier;

An analog-to-digital converter, the input of the analog-to-digital converter is electrically connected to the output of the operational amplifier, and is used to convert the analog signal output by the operational amplifier into a digital signal;

A digital signal processor, the input end of the digital signal processor is electrically connected to the output end of the analog-to-digital converter, and is used to perform noise reduction processing, reverberation elimination processing or At least one item of echo cancellation processing.
The fluid detection device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that,

The at least one thermistor includes a first thermistor and a second thermistor; the first thermistor and the second thermistor respectively serve as two branches of a bridge circuit; the voltage source includes a first thermistor A sub-voltage source, a second sub-voltage source and a third sub-voltage source; wherein, the first thermistor is electrically connected to the first sub-voltage source, and the second thermistor is electrically connected to the second sub-voltage source a voltage source is electrically connected, the at least one heating element is electrically connected to the third sub-voltage source;

The controller includes three control components, respectively the first control component, the second control component and the third control component; the first control component,

The first control component is electrically connected to the first sub-voltage source;

The second control component is electrically connected to the second sub-voltage source;

The third control component is electrically connected to the third sub-voltage source.
The fluid detection device according to claim 3, wherein the fluid detection device further comprises:

A temperature detector is electrically connected to the controller, and the thermistor is configured to collect the temperature of the thermistor and transmit the collection result to the controller.
The fluid detection device according to claim 3, wherein the first signal is used to characterize the resistance of the thermistor.
The fluid detection device according to any one of claims 1-14, wherein when the ambient temperature of the thermistor is the third ambient temperature, the voltage source outputs to the at least one heating element a third voltage, when the ambient temperature of the thermistor is a fourth ambient temperature, the voltage source outputs a fourth voltage to the at least one heating element;

Wherein, the third ambient temperature is different from the fourth ambient temperature, and the third voltage is different from the fourth voltage.
The fluid detection device according to claim 15, characterized in that,

the third ambient temperature is lower than the fourth ambient temperature;

The third voltage is greater than the fourth voltage.
The fluid detection device according to any one of claims 1-16, wherein the fluid detection device is a microphone module, and the fluid is gas.
The fluid detection device according to any one of claims 1-17, wherein the thermistor is also used to sense the flow of the fluid.
The fluid detection device according to any one of claims 1-18, wherein the fluid detection device further comprises:

a base, the base includes a groove, and the heating element and the thermistor are respectively straddled on both sides of the groove;

The groove is the channel, or the groove is part of the channel.
A control method, characterized in that the control method is applied to a controller in a fluid detection device, and the fluid detection device further includes a voltage source, a channel for fluid flow, at least one heating element, and at least one thermistor the at least one heating element is electrically connected to the voltage source, and the at least one thermistor is electrically connected to the voltage source; wherein, when the fluid flows in the channel, the fluid flows through the at least one thermistor;

The methods include:

The controller receives a first signal generated by the at least one thermistor corresponding to the temperature of the at least one thermistor;

When the ambient temperature of the at least one thermistor is a first ambient temperature, the controller controls the voltage source to at least output a first voltage to the at least one thermistor according to the first signal, When the ambient temperature of the at least one thermistor is a second ambient temperature, the controller controls the voltage source to at least output a second voltage to the at least one thermistor according to the first signal;

Wherein, the first ambient temperature is different from the second ambient temperature, and the first voltage is different from the second voltage.
The control method according to claim 20, wherein:

the first ambient temperature is higher than the second ambient temperature;

The first voltage is greater than the second voltage.
The control method according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that,

Before the controller acquires the first signal, the method further includes:

receiving a user's first mode selection operation;

In response to the first mode selection operation, the controller controls the voltage source to output the first mode initial voltage;

or,

Before acquiring the first signal, the method also includes:

receiving a user's second mode selection operation;

In response to the second mode selection operation, the controller controls the voltage source to output the second mode initial voltage.
The control method according to claim 22, wherein:

The initial voltage of the first mode is 2V-4V;

The initial voltage of the second mode is 5V˜12V.
The control method according to claim 20, wherein the first signal is used to characterize the resistance of the thermistor.
The control method according to claim 24, wherein:

When the ambient temperature of the thermistor is the first ambient temperature, according to the first signal, the voltage source is controlled to at least output a first voltage to the thermistor, and when the thermistor When the ambient temperature is the second ambient temperature, controlling the voltage source to at least output a second voltage to the thermistor according to the first signal includes:

From the first data set, the first ambient temperature or the second ambient temperature that matches the resistance range of the thermistor's resistance is obtained according to the first signal; wherein, the first The data set includes a plurality of resistance value ranges and a plurality of ambient temperatures; one of the resistance value ranges matches one of the ambient temperatures;

From the second data set, obtain the first voltage matching the ambient temperature range of the first ambient temperature, and control the voltage source to output the first voltage, or, from the second data In the set, acquire the second voltage that matches the ambient temperature range where the second ambient temperature is located, and control the voltage source to output the second voltage; wherein, the second data set includes multiple One of the ambient temperature ranges and multiple voltages; one of the ambient temperature ranges matches one of the voltages.
The control method according to claim 25, wherein:

The first data set includes a first subset and a second subset; the first subset includes a plurality of resistance value ranges and a plurality of operating temperature ranges; a resistance value range matches an operating temperature range; the The second subset includes a plurality of said operating temperature ranges and a plurality of said ambient temperatures; one said operating temperature range matches one said ambient temperature;

The obtaining the first ambient temperature or the second ambient temperature that matches the resistance of the thermistor according to the first signal from the first data set specifically includes:

From the first subset, obtain the first operating temperature range or the second operating temperature range that matches the resistance value range where the resistance of the thermistor is located, and obtain from the second subset The first ambient temperature matching the first working temperature range, or, acquiring the second ambient temperature matching the second working temperature range from the second subset.
A computer-readable storage medium, characterized by comprising computer instructions, and when the computer instructions are run on the controller, the controller is made to execute the control method according to any one of claims 20-26.
A computer program product, characterized in that it includes computer instructions, and when the computer instructions are run on the controller, the controller is made to execute the control method according to any one of claims 20-26.
A fluid detection device, characterized in that it comprises:

channels for fluid flow;

at least one heating element;

At least one thermistor, the at least one thermistor is used to generate a first signal corresponding to the temperature of the at least one thermistor; wherein, when the fluid flows in the channel, the fluid flow through the at least one thermistor;

a voltage converter having voltage terminals electrically connected to the at least one heating element and the at least one thermistor, the voltage converter configured to generate outputting a supply voltage to the at least one thermistor;

Wherein, when the temperature of the at least one thermistor is the first temperature, the power supply voltage output by the voltage terminal is the first voltage; when the temperature of the at least one thermistor is the second temperature, the voltage The power supply voltage output by the terminal is the second voltage.
An electronic device, characterized in that it comprises a casing and the fluid detection device according to any one of claims 1-19, or, the fluid detection device according to claim 29; the fluid detection device is arranged on the inside the casing.