WO2023019418A1 - 一种备用电源及其运行方法 - Google Patents
一种备用电源及其运行方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023019418A1 WO2023019418A1 PCT/CN2021/112916 CN2021112916W WO2023019418A1 WO 2023019418 A1 WO2023019418 A1 WO 2023019418A1 CN 2021112916 W CN2021112916 W CN 2021112916W WO 2023019418 A1 WO2023019418 A1 WO 2023019418A1
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- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/007—Arrangements for selectively connecting the load or loads to one or several among a plurality of power lines or power sources
- H02J3/0073—Arrangements for selectively connecting the load or loads to one or several among a plurality of power lines or power sources for providing alternative feeding paths between load and source when the main path fails, e.g. transformers, busbars
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
- H02J9/062—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for AC powered loads
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/28—The renewable source being wind energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
- Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
Definitions
- the present invention generally relates to the field of wind power generators, and more specifically relates to a backup power supply and an operating method thereof. Furthermore, the invention also relates to a wind generator with such a backup power source.
- a wind turbine (or fan for short) has many important components that need to be powered, such as pitch bearings, yaw bearings, and control circuits.
- the stable power supply of these important components directly determines the normal operation and operation safety of the fan.
- these components are powered by the AC grid. But in the event of a failure of the AC grid, these components must be powered by a backup source.
- the current backup power supply is difficult to adapt to the large power changes of the electric load. Therefore, there is a need for a backup power supply that has high reliability and can adapt to large load power changes such as wind turbines, and power consumption requirements under extreme conditions, especially when the grid is powered off.
- the task of the present invention is to provide a backup power supply that integrates multiple power sources and its operation method.
- the backup power supply and/or the operation method can provide high reliability and can adapt to the power requirements of wind turbines.
- a backup power supply comprising:
- a first sub-power supply configured to provide AC power, wherein the first sub-power supply is connected to an input terminal of an AC/DC converter;
- an AC/DC converter configured to convert AC power to DC power, wherein an output of the AC/DC converter is connected to an output of a backup power supply;
- a second sub-power supply configured to provide DC power, wherein the second sub-power supply is connected to the output terminal of the standby power supply.
- alternating current power covers alternating current, alternating voltage and alternating power
- direct current power covers direct current, direct voltage and direct power
- AC/DC converter covers a variety of devices that convert AC power to DC power, such as diodes, half-wave rectifiers, full-wave rectifiers, thyristors, fully controlled bridges, and more.
- sub-power supply refers to various electrical equipment that can provide AC or DC power, such as batteries, generators, etc., wherein the sub-power supply especially refers to a power supply outside the grid, that is, under extreme conditions, especially when the grid is powered off. put into use the power supply.
- generators may cover various types of generators, especially fuel generators, including, for example: diesel generators, hydrogen generators, ethanol generators, fossil fuel generators and so on.
- the backup power supply also includes:
- a first switch wherein the first sub-power supply is connected to the input terminal of the AC/DC converter through the first switch.
- the backup power supply also includes:
- a DC/DC converter configured to convert DC power into DC power with different parameters, wherein the DC/DC converter is connected between the second sub-power supply and the output terminal of the backup power supply, and the DC/DC The output terminal of the converter is connected to the output terminal of the standby power supply through the second switch.
- the DC/DC converter is not necessary.
- the DC/DC converter is not required.
- the output electric energy of the second sub-power supply cannot directly supply power to the load but needs to be converted (for example, the conversion of current and voltage)
- a DC/DC converter is required.
- the first sub-power supply includes one or more of the following:
- the second sub-power supply includes one or more of the following:
- the DC/DC converter is a bidirectional DC/DC converter, and wherein the backup power supply also includes:
- a third switch wherein the AC grid is connected to the input terminal of the AC/DC converter through the third switch.
- bidirectional DC/DC converter means that DC power can be input from the input terminal or output terminal of the bidirectional DC/DC converter, and converted DC power can be output at the output terminal or input terminal.
- the first switch and/or the second switch and/or the third switch comprise one of the following: a power switch, a circuit breaker, a contactor, and a relay.
- the backup power supply also includes:
- An inverter configured to convert DC power into AC power, wherein the input of the inverter is connected to the output of the backup power supply, and the output of the inverter is connected to a load.
- the backup power supply also includes a controller, and the controller is configured to perform the following actions:
- the first switch and/or the second switch is closed to access the first sub-power supply and/or the second sub-power supply, wherein after closing the second In the case of a switch, the DC/DC converter works forward to discharge the second sub-supply, where:
- the first switch and the second switch are closed to access the first sub-power supply and the second sub-power supply.
- the average power and peak power requirements of the load can be met.
- AC backup power sources such as diesel generators have high energy density and are therefore suitable for providing average power to the load
- DC backup power sources such as fuel cells It has high response speed, parallel expansion capability and high power density, so it is suitable for providing peak power for loads. Therefore, when the load power requirement is low, that is, the power threshold is not exceeded, the AC backup power supply can be used to provide electric energy for the load to provide average power, and when the load power requirement is high, that is, the power threshold is exceeded, the DC backup power supply can be used To provide electrical energy to the load to provide peak power.
- the power threshold can be determined according to a specific calculation method, so as to better meet the power demand of the load. It should be pointed out that the present invention is not only applicable to the field of wind power generators, but also applicable to other fields with electric loads, such as the field of photovoltaics (such as using the backup power of the present invention to supply power to components such as photovoltaic control circuits), the field of meteorological equipment, Lighting facilities and so on.
- controller is further configured to perform the following actions:
- the second switch When it is detected that the voltage of the AC power grid connected through the third switch is higher than the voltage threshold and the power of the second sub-power supply is lower than the power threshold, the second switch is closed, wherein the DC/DC converter works in reverse, so that the power from the AC grid Charge the second sub-power supply.
- the second backup power supply can be charged when the second backup power supply is not in use, thereby realizing the availability of the second backup power supply at any time.
- the first switch and the second switch are closed to access the first sub-power supply and the second sub-power supply, so that the first sub-power supply co-powered with the second sub-power supply, wherein the DC/DC converter operates forwardly to discharge the second sub-power supply;
- the second switch When the grid voltage is higher than the voltage threshold and the electric quantity of the second sub-power supply is lower than the electric quantity threshold, the second switch is closed, wherein the DC/DC converter works in reverse so as to charge the second sub-power supply from the AC grid.
- the method also includes the following steps:
- P threshold P average * a + P peak * (1-a), where 0 ⁇ a ⁇ 1, where P average is the average power required by the power load, which can be counted according to minute-level load data; P peak is the power load The peak power can be counted according to the second-level load data; a is the proportional coefficient, through which the power threshold can be adjusted according to the actual system operating conditions.
- the average value of P is 34kW
- the peak value of P is 73kW
- a is 0.6
- the threshold value of P can be set to 57kW.
- the inventor found through research that by adjusting a, the time point of transition from average power to peak power can be adjusted, that is, when the load power reaches a certain point between the average power and peak power, the power of the backup power supply is adjusted to the peak power or above. The smaller a is, the earlier the time point is, and vice versa. Research proves that when a takes 0.6 to 0.8, better power transition can be achieved.
- the ratio between the power of the generator (such as a diesel generator) and the average power of the load of the power supply is greater than or equal to 1:1, and the ratio between the power of the generator and the peak power of the load of the power supply
- the ratio of is less than or equal to 1:2 (that is, less than or equal to 0.5), in this case, the power of the generator (first sub-power supply) is less than or equal to the power of the battery pack (second sub-power supply).
- the invention also relates to a wind generator with a backup power supply according to the invention, wherein the load connected at the output of the backup power supply comprises one or more of the following: yaw bearings, pitch bearings , and the control circuit.
- the load may be a photovoltaic control circuit, or an active device in the photovoltaic device and the like.
- the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
- the inventors have found through research that, in the power consumption scene such as a fan, the power of the power load such as the pitch bearing and the yaw bearing may be between the average power and the like due to factors such as wind force.
- AC backup power sources such as diesel generators have higher energy density, so they are suitable for providing average power for loads
- DC backup power sources such as fuel cells and supercapacitors
- the power supply has high response speed (connection means power supply), parallel expansion capacity (infinitely parallel battery expansion) and high power density, so it is suitable for providing peak power for the load, so the inventor found that if the backup power supply has mutual parallel connection
- the AC backup power supply and the DC backup power supply can better take into account the average power and peak power of the load, thereby better meeting the power demand of the load.
- the inventors also found that the switching from AC power supply to DC power supply or AC power supply + DC power supply can be achieved by reasonably setting the power threshold, so that the output power transient can be realized more quickly.
- the inventor rationally arranges the circuit structure so that the second backup power can be charged from the AC grid when the second backup power is not in use, thereby realizing the availability of the second backup power at any time.
- the present inventor has found surprisingly that, through the circuit arrangement of the present invention, the load is connected to the AC power grid through a converter (AC/DC converter, inverter), so that the load and the previous stage
- the grid transformers are isolated from each other, so that the power consumption unit, that is, the load, is connected to the DC bus after being transformed by the converter, thereby improving the system efficiency of the backup power supply and reducing operation and maintenance costs and hardware investment.
- Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram of the applied wind generator of the present invention
- Figure 2 shows a circuit diagram of a backup power supply that fuses multiple power supplies according to the present invention.
- FIG. 3 shows the sequence of the method for operating the backup power supply according to the invention.
- the quantifiers "a” and “an” do not exclude the scene of multiple elements.
- connection may refer to the direct connection of the two, or the indirect connection of the two through intermediate elements.
- the present invention is not only applicable to the field of wind power generators, but also suitable for other fields with electric loads, such as the field of photovoltaics (such as using the backup power of the present invention to supply power to components such as photovoltaic control circuits), meteorological Equipment areas, lighting facilities, etc.
- the inventor found through long-term research in the field of wind power generators that in the power consumption scene of the wind turbine, the power loads such as pitch bearings and yaw bearings are affected by factors such as wind force, adjustment speed, and mechanical resistance. Its power may have an instantaneous or short-term jump on the basis of the average power, that is, peak power may appear. Therefore, under extreme conditions, especially when the grid is powered off, the backup power supply also needs to take into account the average power and peak power of the load.
- AC backup power sources such as diesel generators have high energy density, so they are suitable for providing average power for loads
- DC backup power sources such as fuel cells have high response speed (communication is power supply), parallel expansion capacity (infinitely parallel battery expansion) and high power density, so they are suitable for providing peak power for loads
- the inventors found that , if the backup power supply has an AC backup power supply and a DC backup power supply connected in parallel with each other, the average power and peak power of the electric load can be well taken into account, thereby better meeting the power consumption needs of the load.
- the inventors also found that the switching from AC power supply to DC power supply or AC power supply + DC power supply can be achieved by reasonably setting the power threshold, so that the output power transient can be realized more quickly.
- the inventor rationally arranges the circuit structure so that the second backup power can be charged from the AC grid when the second backup power is not in use, thereby realizing the availability of the second backup power at any time.
- the present inventor has found surprisingly that, through the circuit arrangement of the present invention, the load is connected to the AC power grid through a converter (AC/DC converter, inverter), so that the load and the previous stage
- the grid transformers are isolated from each other, so that the power consumption unit, that is, the load, is connected to the DC bus after being transformed by the converter, thereby improving the system efficiency of the backup power supply and reducing operation and maintenance costs and hardware investment.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a wind power generator 100 to which the present invention is applied.
- the wind power generator 100 shown in FIG. 1 comprises a tower 101 , a nacelle 102 rotatably connected to the tower 101 and supporting a hub 103 .
- Two or more blades 104 are arranged on the hub 103, wherein the blades 104 drive the rotor (not shown) arranged in the hub 108 to rotate around the axis (not shown) under the wind force, wherein the rotor of the generator is opposite to The rotation of the stator generates electricity.
- the wind turbine 100 may include various loads that consume electric energy, such as pitch bearings, yaw bearings, and control circuits. Under normal circumstances, the loads of the wind power generator 100 are powered by the AC grid, but in the event of a fault or power outage in the AC grid, backup power must be used to supply power to these loads, otherwise, these loads cannot operate.
- FIG. 2 shows a circuit diagram of a backup power supply 200 merging multiple power supplies according to the present invention.
- the backup power supply 200 includes the following components, some of which are optional:
- a first sub-power source 201 configured to provide AC power, including AC current, AC voltage, and AC power, for example.
- the first sub-power supply is connected to the input terminal of the AC/DC converter 206 through the first switch 203 .
- the first switch 201 may be, for example, a power switch, a circuit breaker, a contactor or a relay.
- the first sub-power source 201 is preferably a diesel generator, such as an 80kW diesel generator. Due to its high energy density, fuel generators can provide average power for a long time.
- only a single first sub-power supply 201 is shown. In other embodiments, multiple first sub-power supplies 201 may also be provided, and they are connected in parallel with each other.
- AC/DC converter 206 configured to convert AC power into DC power, wherein the output of the AC/DC converter is connected to the output OUT of the backup power supply.
- the AC/DC converter may include various devices for converting AC power into DC power, such as diodes, half-wave rectifiers, full-wave rectifiers, thyristors, fully-controlled bridges, and the like.
- a second sub-power source 202 configured to provide DC power, including DC current, DC voltage, and DC power, for example.
- the second sub-power supply 202 is connected to the input terminal of the DC-to-DC converter 213 or directly connected to the output terminal OUT of the standby power supply 200 without the DC/DC converter 213 .
- two second sub-power supplies 202 are shown.
- a single or more second sub-power sources 202 may also be provided, which are connected in series with corresponding DC/DC converters 213 and then connected in parallel with each other.
- the second sub-power source 202 is a plurality of batteries (such as fuel cells or other batteries) connected in series, which can provide multiple battery voltages.
- the first sub-power source 202 can also be a plurality of batteries (such as fuel cells or other batteries) connected in parallel to provide multiple battery currents.
- the number of batteries connected in parallel or in series can be arbitrary, for example, can be determined according to the values of average power and peak power.
- An optional DC/DC converter 213, which is configured to convert the DC power input from the second sub-power source 202 into DC power with different parameters, wherein the output terminal of the DC/DC converter passes through the second switch 204 is connected to the output of the backup power supply.
- the second switch 204 may be, for example, a power switch, a circuit breaker, a contactor or a relay.
- the DC/DC converter 213 converts the input DC power into DC power with different current or voltage values, and the magnitude of the current and voltage can be determined according to the required power or rated current or rated voltage of the load. In this embodiment, two DC/DC converters 213 are shown.
- a single or more DC/DC converters 213 may also be provided, which are connected in series with the corresponding second sub-power sources 202 and then connected in parallel with each other.
- the DC/DC converter 213 is especially a bidirectional DC/DC converter, wherein the bidirectional DC/DC converter refers to the direct current power (forward work) from the input terminal of the bidirectional DC/DC converter, and the output terminal Output converted DC power, or input DC power from the output terminal of the bidirectional DC/DC converter, and output converted DC power at the input terminal (reverse operation).
- the third switch 205 may be, for example, a power switch, a circuit breaker, a contactor or a relay. Through corresponding control, the AC grid 208 can not only supply power to the load, but also charge the first and/or the second sub-power supply.
- An optional inverter 207 configured to convert DC electrical energy to AC electrical energy.
- the input terminal of the inverter 207 is connected to the output terminal OUT of the backup power supply, and the output terminal of the inverter is connected to the load.
- a capacitor 210 can be connected between the two input terminals of the inverter 207 .
- the capacitor 210 can, for example, suppress high-frequency clutter/harmonic waves in electric energy input from the grid or sub-power supply, and can also absorb reactive current of inductive loads in the circuit.
- a pre-charging circuit 211 comprising a switch and a fuse connected in parallel with the switch.
- the function of the pre-charging circuit 211 is to ensure that the pre-charging current does not exceed the threshold value during pre-charging (the switch is turned off), so as to avoid damage to components in the circuit.
- Multiple inverters 207 can be provided to supply power to different AC loads 209 respectively.
- the AC load 209 is, for example, a yaw motor and a control circuit.
- the first switch 203 and/or the second switch 204 are closed to connect the first sub-power supply 203 and/or The second sub-power supply 204, wherein when the second switch 204 is closed, the DC/DC converter 213 works forward, so that the second sub-power supply 202 is discharged, wherein:
- the expected output power of the standby power supply 200 (for example, the rated power of the load 209) is less than or equal to the power threshold, close the first switch 203 and open the second switch 204 to access the first sub-power supply 201; and
- the first switch 203 and the second switch 204 are closed to access the first sub-power supply 201 and the second sub-power supply 202;
- the second switch 204 When it is detected that the voltage of the AC grid 208 connected through the third switch 205 is higher than the voltage threshold and the electric quantity of the second sub-power supply 202 is lower than the electric quantity threshold, the second switch 204 is closed, wherein the DC/DC converter 213 works in reverse , so that the second sub-power source 202 is charged from the AC grid 208 .
- the working flow of the standby power supply 200 according to the present invention is described below.
- the third switch 205 When the AC grid 208 supplies power normally, the third switch 205 is closed, so that the AC power of the AC grid 208 is rectified by the rectifier 206 and inverted by the inverter 207 to supply power to the AC load 209 . Therefore, the AC load 209 and the AC grid 208 can be isolated from each other through the converter, thereby eliminating harmful electrical signals such as higher harmonics and clutter generated by the upper transformer, and avoiding damage to the AC load 209 .
- the first switch 203 and/or the second switch 204 are closed, and the DC/DC The converter 213 works in reverse mode, so that the first sub-power source 202 is charged from the AC grid 208 .
- the first switch 203 and/or the second switch 204 can be turned off. This reverse charging allows the sub-power supply to be charged at any time and be in a usable state at any time.
- the operating method of the standby power supply of the present invention will be described below by taking an offshore wind power generator as an example.
- Anti-typhoon yaw backup power application for offshore wind power generators
- the offshore wind power generator When the offshore wind power generator encounters a typhoon power grid failure, it can switch to the backup power supply of the present invention to drive the yaw system to operate normally, reduce the load of the whole machine, and greatly improve the reliability of the offshore wind turbine.
- the startup and shutdown status of the backup power supply is as follows:
- Power grid power-off switching backup power supply 400Vac power failure, when Udc drops to the starting discharge threshold of the bidirectional DCDC converter, the battery and bidirectional DCDC converter supply power to the bus; the grid circuit breaker is disconnected, the backup AC power circuit breaker is closed, and the backup AC The power supply is connected to the system, and the general-purpose inverter performs power conversion to supply power to the system.
- the switching and running time of the two backup power sources are allocated by the main controller to complete the automatic switching function of the power grid and the backup power source.
- FIG. 3 shows a flow of a method 300 for operating a backup power supply according to the present invention, wherein dashed boxes show optional steps.
- step 301 the grid voltage of the AC grid connected through the third switch is determined.
- grid voltage can be measured by voltage sensors, voltmeters.
- a power threshold is determined.
- the power threshold P threshold can be determined according to the following formula:
- P threshold P average * a + P peak * (1-a), where 0 ⁇ a ⁇ 1, where P average is the average power required by the power load, which can be counted according to minute-level load data; P peak is the power load The peak power can be counted according to the second-level load data; a is the proportional coefficient, through which the power threshold can be adjusted according to the actual system operating conditions. For example, in the fan auxiliary power supply system, the average value of P is 34kW, the peak value of P is 73kW, a is 0.6, and the threshold value of P can be set to 57kW.
- the inventor found through research that by adjusting a, the time point of transition from average power to peak power can be adjusted, that is, when the load power reaches a certain point between the average power and peak power, the power of the backup power supply is adjusted to the peak power or above.
- Research proves that when a takes 0.6 to 0.8, better power transition can be achieved.
- the ratio between the power of the generator (such as a diesel generator) and the average power of the load of the power supply is greater than or equal to 1:1, and the ratio between the power of the generator and the peak power of the load of the power supply
- the ratio of is less than or equal to 1:2 (that is, less than or equal to 0.5), in this case, the power of the generator (first sub-power supply) is less than or equal to the power of the battery pack (second sub-power supply).
- step 303 when the grid voltage is lower than the voltage threshold and the expected output power of the backup power supply is less than or equal to the power threshold, close the first switch and open the second switch to access the first sub-power supply, so that the second A sub-power supply.
- step 304 when the grid voltage is lower than the voltage threshold and the expected output power of the backup power supply is greater than the power threshold, the first switch and the second switch are closed to access the first sub-power supply and the second sub-power supply, so that the The first sub-power supply and the second sub-power supply jointly supply power, wherein the DC/DC converter works forward to discharge the second sub-power supply.
- step 305 when the grid voltage is higher than the voltage threshold and the power of the second sub-power supply is lower than the power threshold, close the second switch, wherein the DC/DC converter works in reverse, so that the second sub-power supply is supplied from the AC power grid Charge.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
- Stand-By Power Supply Arrangements (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (13)
- 一种备用电源,包括:第一子电源,其被配置为提供交流电能,其中第一子电源连接到AC/DC转换器的输入端;AC/DC转换器,其被配置为将交流电能转换成直流电能,其中所述AC/DC转换器的输出端连接到备用电源的输出端;以及第二子电源,其被配置为提供直流电能,其中第二子电源连接到备用电源的输出端。
- 根据权利要求1所述的备用电源,还包括:第一开关,其中第一子电源通过第一开关连接到AC/DC转换器的输入端。
- 根据权利要求2所述的备用电源,还包括:DC/DC变换器,其被配置为将直流电能转换成具有不同参数的直流电能,其中所述DC/DC变换器的输入端与第二子电源连接,并且所述DC/DC变换器的输出端通过第二开关连接到备用电源的输出端。
- 根据权利要求1所述的备用电源,其中:第一子电源包括下列各项中的一个或多个:发电机;以及电池组和直流到交流变换器的组合;以及第二子电源包括下列各项中的一个或多个:电池组、超级电容;以及发电机和交流到直流变换器的组合。
- 根据权利要求3所述的备用电源,其中所述DC/DC变换器为双向DC/DC变换器,并且其中该备用电源还包括:第三开关,其中交流电网通过第三开关连接到AC/DC转换器的输入端。
- 根据权利要求1所述的备用电源,其中第一开关和/或第二开关和/或第三开关包括下列各项之一:功率开关、断路器、接触器、以及继电器。
- 根据权利要求1所述的备用电源,还包括:逆变器,其被配置为将直流电能转换成交流电能,其中所述逆变器的输入端与备用电源的输出端连接,并且所述逆变器的输出端连接到负 载。
- 根据权利要求3所述的备用电源,还包括控制器,所述控制器被配置为执行下列动作:在检测到通过第三开关接入的交流电网的电压低于电压阈值时,闭合第一开关和/或第二开关以接入第一子电源和/或第二子电源,其中在闭合第二开关的情况下,DC/DC变换器正向工作,使得第二子电源放电,其中:在备用电源的所期望的输出功率小于或等于功率阈值时,闭合第一开关并断开第二开关以接入第一子电源;以及在备用电源的所期望的输出功率大于功率阈值时,闭合第一开关和第二开关以接入第一子电源和第二子电源。
- 根据权利要求8所述的备用电源,其中所述控制器还被配置为执行下列动作:在检测到通过第三开关接入的交流电网的电压高于电压阈值且第二子电源的电量低于电量阈值时,闭合第二开关,其中DC/DC变换器反向工作,使得从交流电网给第二子电源充电;和/或在检测到通过第三开关接入的交流电网的电压低于电压阈值且第二子电源的电量低于电量阈值时,闭合第一开关和第二开关,其中DC/DC变换器反向工作,使得从第一子电源给第二子电源充电。
- 一种用于运行根据权利要求1至9之一所述的备用电源的方法,包括下列步骤:确定通过第三开关接入的交流电网的电网电压;在所述电网电压低于电压阈值并且备用电源的所期望的输出功率小于或等于功率阈值时,闭合第一开关或第二开关以接入第一子电源或第二子电源,使得由第一子电源或第二子电源供电;在所述电网电压低于电压阈值并且备用电源的所期望的输出功率大于功率阈值时,闭合第一开关和第二开关以接入第一子电源和第二子电源,使得由第一子电源和第二子电源共同供电,其中DC/DC变换器正向工作,使得第二子电源放电;以及在所述电网电压高于电压阈值且第二子电源的电量低于电量阈值时,闭合第二开关,其中DC/DC变换器反向工作,使得从交流电网给第二子电源充电。
- 根据权利要求10所述的方法,还包括下列步骤:根据下列公式确定所述功率阈值P 阈值:P 阈值=P 平均*a+P 峰值*(1-a),其中0≤a≤1,其中P 平均为电源负载所需平均功率,按照分钟级负载数据进行统计;P 峰值为电源负载的峰值功率,按照秒级负载数据进行统计;a为比例系数,通过该比例系数调整功率阈值。
- 一种风力发电机,其具有根据权利要求1至9之一所述的备用电源,其中连接在备用电源的输出端处的负载包括下列各项中的一个或多个:偏航轴承、变桨轴承、以及控制电路。
- 一种新能源设备,其具有根据权利要求1至9之一所述的备用电源。
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CN102593832A (zh) * | 2012-03-15 | 2012-07-18 | 武汉大学 | 一种适用于现代楼宇的三线制直流微网系统及其控制方法 |
CN104393666A (zh) * | 2014-11-26 | 2015-03-04 | 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 | 一种数据中心的供电系统 |
CN206685965U (zh) * | 2017-04-24 | 2017-11-28 | 无锡烯晶碳能新材料科技有限公司 | 一种直流电源系统 |
CN109066964A (zh) * | 2018-08-29 | 2018-12-21 | 微控物理储能研究开发(深圳)有限公司 | 飞轮储能与在线式高频双变换ups集成系统、控制方法 |
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CN104393666A (zh) * | 2014-11-26 | 2015-03-04 | 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 | 一种数据中心的供电系统 |
CN206685965U (zh) * | 2017-04-24 | 2017-11-28 | 无锡烯晶碳能新材料科技有限公司 | 一种直流电源系统 |
CN109066964A (zh) * | 2018-08-29 | 2018-12-21 | 微控物理储能研究开发(深圳)有限公司 | 飞轮储能与在线式高频双变换ups集成系统、控制方法 |
CN112821547A (zh) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-05-18 | 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | 一种应急供电电源及控制方法 |
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