WO2023018286A1 - Fault diagnosis system for agricultural machine using hydrogen fuel cell - Google Patents

Fault diagnosis system for agricultural machine using hydrogen fuel cell Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023018286A1
WO2023018286A1 PCT/KR2022/012101 KR2022012101W WO2023018286A1 WO 2023018286 A1 WO2023018286 A1 WO 2023018286A1 KR 2022012101 W KR2022012101 W KR 2022012101W WO 2023018286 A1 WO2023018286 A1 WO 2023018286A1
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Prior art keywords
hydrogen
fuel cell
cell stack
tank
weight
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PCT/KR2022/012101
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French (fr)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
김용주
김완수
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충남대학교산학협력단
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Priority claimed from KR1020210106442A external-priority patent/KR102684095B1/en
Application filed by 충남대학교산학협력단 filed Critical 충남대학교산학협력단
Publication of WO2023018286A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023018286A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/04664—Failure or abnormal function
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
    • H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
    • H01M8/04328—Temperature; Ambient temperature of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
    • H01M8/04388—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
    • H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
    • H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an agricultural machine in which hydrogen ions supplied from a hydrogen tank and oxygen in the air chemically react through a fuel cell stack to generate electric energy and thereby drive the agricultural machine, to an abnormality of the hydrogen tank and the fuel cell stack.
  • the present invention relates to a failure diagnosis system and diagnosis method of an agricultural machine using a hydrogen fuel cell, so that failure diagnosis can be made in real time according to the present invention.
  • Patent Publication No. 10-2020-0064375 published on June 8, 2020
  • an alkali metal storage tank an alkali metal storage tank; a hydrogen gas generator in which a fluid containing water is embedded, and hydrogen gas is generated by reacting the alkali metal supplied from the alkali metal storage tank with the water; and a hydrogen gas storage unit receiving hydrogen gas from the hydrogen gas generating unit.
  • At least one hydrogen tank for storing and supplying hydrogen; a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of each of the hydrogen tanks; a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure of the hydrogen tank; a fuel cell stack generating electricity by reacting the hydrogen with oxygen; a fuel processing system supplying the hydrogen to a fuel cell stack; and subtracting the amount of hydrogen calculated using the temperature and pressure values of the hydrogen tank after a predetermined time from the initial amount of hydrogen in each hydrogen tank calculated using the initial temperature and pressure values of the hydrogen tank, The total amount of hydrogen used by adding the amount of hydrogen supplied to the stack and the amount of hydrogen discharged to the outside at regular intervals, calculated by calculating the amount of each supplied hydrogen supply and accumulating the current values generated from the fuel cell stack for the predetermined period of time, and the respective hydrogen supply
  • a technology related to a hydrogen tank failure determination system of a fuel cell vehicle system comprising a control unit that determines failure of each of the hydrogen tanks by comparing the amount with an
  • Patent Publication No. 10-2009-0062587 published on June 17, 2009
  • an external space filled with a first storage alloy powder that releases hydrogen at a high temperature, and hydrogen only with heat generated from a fuel cell stack While forming a configuration of a cooling loop between an inner space filled with the second storage alloy powder releasing the second storage alloy powder, a metal filter arranged between the inner and outer spaces to partition the inner and outer spaces, and the fuel cell stack and the radiator, a second heat exchange tube arranged along the longitudinal direction of the inner space;
  • a technology related to a hydrogen storage system for a fuel cell vehicle is disclosed, characterized in that it is configured to include; an independent heat exchange loop separately connected to an external space in order to release hydrogen from the first storage alloy powder.
  • Patent Publication No. 10-2019-0101704 (published on September 2, 2019) hydrogen charged at high pressure in a fuel tank may be adjusted to a certain pressure through a high pressure regulator and supplied to the stack through a low pressure regulator.
  • a technology related to an automobile hydrogen supply device is disclosed, characterized in that a solenoid valve is installed between the high pressure regulator and the low pressure regulator to control the flow of hydrogen.
  • Patent Publication No. 10-2013-0070162 published on June 27, 2013
  • a fuel tank in which hydrogen is stored a regulator for controlling the pressure of hydrogen supplied from the fuel tank, and the pressure in the regulator are controlled.
  • An ejector that supplies hydrogen to the stack
  • a heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the hydrogen supplied through a hydrogen supply line installed between the fuel tank and the ejector and supplying hydrogen to the cooling water discharged from the stack, and a gas discharged from the stack.
  • Disclosed is a technology related to a fuel cell hydrogen supply system for vehicles, characterized in that it includes a recirculation line for recirculating and supplying to the ejector and a control unit for adjusting the amount of coolant supplied to the heat exchanger.
  • Patent Document 1 Patent Publication No. 10-2020-0064375 (published on June 8, 2020)
  • Patent Document 2 Publication No. 10-2008-0048850 (published on June 3, 2008)
  • Patent Document 3 Publication No. 10-2009-0062587 (published on June 17, 2009)
  • Patent Document 4 Patent Publication No. 10-2019-0101704 (published on September 2, 2019)
  • Patent Document 5 Patent Publication No. 10-2013-0070162 (published on June 27, 2013)
  • the system for diagnosing a failure of a hydrogen fuel cell according to the prior art and the prior art diagnoses using the temperature and pressure data of the hydrogen tank and the current value of the fuel cell stack, which component of the system has a failure, It has a problem that it is difficult to judge clearly.
  • the present invention is intended to solve the above problems, and in diagnosing a system failure, it is clearly distinguished whether it is due to hydrogen leakage in the hydrogen tank itself or due to insufficient reaction in the fuel cell stack. It is for the purpose of diagnosing.
  • an object of the present invention is to promptly perform a fault diagnosis and respond quickly to a fault.
  • an object of the present invention is to prevent secondary damage due to dangerous situations such as an explosion that may occur through hydrogen leakage from a hydrogen tank.
  • the present invention can analyze the reaction performance of hydrogen and oxygen in the fuel cell stack by detecting the ratio of the amount of hydrogen supplied to the fuel cell stack and the discharged water, and through this, to quickly diagnose the failure of the fuel cell stack aims to do
  • an object of the present invention is to apply it to fuel consumption measurement because it is possible to monitor hydrogen consumption in real time of a hydrogen agricultural machine.
  • a hydrogen tank (1) for storing hydrogen and supplying hydrogen to a fuel cell stack (3); a fuel cell stack (3) that receives hydrogen from the hydrogen tank (1) and receives oxygen from the outside to produce electrical energy through an electrochemical reaction between the hydrogen and oxygen; It has a discharge water storage tank 5 for storing discharge water generated by the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen in the fuel cell stack 3, and between the hydrogen tank 1 and the fuel cell stack 3, hydrogen A supply passage 2 is installed to supply hydrogen from the hydrogen tank 1 to the fuel cell stack 3, a pressure and temperature sensor 10 is installed in the hydrogen tank 1, and the hydrogen supply passage 2 ), a flow sensor 20 is installed, and a load cell 4 is installed on the lower side of the drain water storage tank 5. It relates to a fault diagnosis system for agricultural machinery using a hydrogen fuel cell.
  • a hydrogen supply control valve 11 is further installed at the connection portion between the hydrogen supply path 2 and the hydrogen tank 1 to control the supply of hydrogen. It relates to a fault diagnosis system for agricultural machinery using a hydrogen fuel cell, characterized in that it becomes.
  • the present invention [3] the hydrogen fuel cell according to the above [1], characterized in that the flow sensor 20 is installed at the connection portion between the hydrogen supply path 2 and the fuel cell stack 3 It relates to a failure diagnosis system for agricultural machinery in use.
  • the present invention [4] according to the above [1], in the pressure and temperature sensor 10, the weight of hydrogen present in the hydrogen tank 1 is measured, and in the flow sensor 20, the hydrogen The weight of hydrogen supplied to the fuel cell stack 3 is measured using the density, and the difference between the weight of hydrogen present in the initial hydrogen tank 1 and the weight of hydrogen supplied to the fuel cell stack 3 is calculated, , Compared with the weight of hydrogen present in the hydrogen tank 1, if the same value is displayed, it is normal, and if it does not show the same value, it is judged as a failure. it's about
  • the weight of the hydrogen supplied to the fuel cell stack is calculated through the flow sensor 20, and the weight of the discharged water storage tank 5 is calculated through the load cell 4. It relates to a fault diagnosis system for agricultural machinery using a hydrogen fuel cell, characterized in that it determines whether the fuel cell stack (3) is faulty by calculating the weight of hydrogen supplied and measuring the weight ratio of discharged water. .
  • the present invention is a hydrogen tank (1) for storing hydrogen and supplying hydrogen to the fuel cell stack (3); a fuel cell stack (3) that receives hydrogen from the hydrogen tank (1) and receives oxygen from the outside to produce electrical energy through an electrochemical reaction between the hydrogen and oxygen; It has a discharge water storage tank 5 for storing discharge water generated by the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen in the fuel cell stack 3, and between the hydrogen tank 1 and the fuel cell stack 3, hydrogen A supply path 2 is installed to supply hydrogen from the hydrogen tank 1 to the fuel cell stack 3, a pressure and temperature sensor 10 is installed in the hydrogen tank 1, and the pressure and temperature sensor ( 10), the weight (Wp) of hydrogen present in the hydrogen tank (1) is calculated with the pressure (P) and temperature (T) measured, and the hydrogen consumption amount is provided in real time. It relates to a failure diagnosis system for agricultural machinery in use.
  • the present invention consists of the above configuration, and in diagnosing system failure, it is diagnosed by clearly distinguishing whether it is due to hydrogen leakage in the hydrogen tank itself or due to insufficient reaction in the fuel cell stack. can do.
  • the present invention can prevent secondary damage due to a dangerous situation such as an explosion that may occur through hydrogen leakage from a hydrogen tank.
  • the present invention can analyze the reaction performance of hydrogen and oxygen in the fuel cell stack by detecting the ratio of the amount of hydrogen supplied to the fuel cell stack and the discharged water, and through this, it is possible to quickly diagnose the failure of the fuel cell stack.
  • the present invention can be applied to fuel consumption measurement because real-time hydrogen consumption monitoring of hydrogen agricultural machines is possible.
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart showing a method for diagnosing a hydrogen leak in a hydrogen tank according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a method for diagnosing a failure of a fuel cell stack according to the present invention
  • the present invention a hydrogen tank (1) for storing hydrogen and supplying hydrogen to the fuel cell stack (3); a fuel cell stack (3) that receives hydrogen from the hydrogen tank (1) and receives oxygen from the outside to produce electrical energy through an electrochemical reaction between the hydrogen and oxygen; and a discharge water tank 5 for storing discharge water generated by an electrochemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen in the fuel cell stack 3, and supplying hydrogen between the hydrogen tank 1 and the fuel cell stack 3.
  • a furnace 2 is installed to supply hydrogen from the hydrogen tank 1 to the fuel cell stack 3
  • a pressure and temperature sensor 10 is installed in the hydrogen tank 1, and the hydrogen supply path 2
  • the flow sensor 20 is installed, and the load cell 4 is installed on the lower side of the drain water storage tank 5.
  • the hydrogen tank 1 of the present invention is a tank for storing hydrogen, and the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen tank 1 is supplied to the fuel cell stack 3 described below. At this time, a hydrogen supply path 2 for supplying hydrogen is installed between the hydrogen tank 1 and the fuel cell stack 3.
  • a pressure and temperature sensor 10 is installed in the hydrogen tank 1, and a hydrogen supply control valve 11 is installed in a portion of the hydrogen supply passage 2 connected to the hydrogen tank 1, The amount of hydrogen supplied from the hydrogen tank 1 to the fuel cell stack 3 is controlled.
  • the pressure (P) and temperature (T) measured by the pressure and temperature sensor 10 are used to measure the weight (W) of hydrogen stored in the hydrogen tank 1.
  • the measurement of the weight (W) by the temperature (T) and pressure (P) can be made by the following equation.
  • the weight (Ws) of hydrogen present in the initial hydrogen tank 1 is compared with the weight (Wp) of hydrogen currently present in the hydrogen tank 1, that is, the initial hydrogen weight (Ws) By subtracting the current weight of hydrogen (Wp) from , it is possible to accurately determine how much hydrogen has been supplied from the hydrogen tank 1 to the outside.
  • the fuel cell stack 3 of the present invention receives hydrogen ions supplied from the hydrogen tank 1 and oxygen in the air and chemically reacts through the fuel cell to generate electrical energy, In this process, water (H 2 O) produced by the reaction of hydrogen and oxygen is discharged to the outside. At this time, the discharged water (H 2 O) is discharged to the discharge water storage tank 5 described below.
  • Hydrogen stored in the hydrogen tank 1 moves to the fuel cell stack 3, and electricity is generated through an electrochemical reaction with air (oxygen) supplied from the outside in the fuel cell stack 3, and the generated electricity turns the motor to generate power.
  • the hydrogen reaction and oxygen reaction are performed in the following formula, and by the hydrogen reaction and oxygen reaction, 4e - is supplied as electrical energy and 2H 2 O is supplied and discharged as discharge water, respectively.
  • the key to generating energy in the hydrogen farm machine of the present invention is the electrochemical reaction between the hydrogen and oxygen, and if the reaction does not occur normally, energy production becomes impossible.
  • the present invention installs a flow rate sensor 20 at a portion where the fuel cell stack 3 is connected to the hydrogen supply path 2.
  • the flow rate of hydrogen supplied to the fuel cell stack 3 is measured through the flow sensor 20, and the weight of hydrogen supplied to the fuel cell stack 3 is measured using the hydrogen density (0.08988 g/L).
  • the weight (Wp) of the current hydrogen present in the hydrogen tank (1) is calculated, and connected to the fuel cell stack (3).
  • the weight (Wf) of hydrogen supplied through the flow sensor (20) installed in the hydrogen supply path (2) is calculated, and the sum of the above two values coincides with the hydrogen weight (Ws) of the initial hydrogen tank (1). If not, it is diagnosed that the hydrogen in the hydrogen tank 1 is leaking to the outside. diagnosed as not
  • the discharged water storage tank 5 of the present invention receives hydrogen ions and oxygen in the air from the fuel cell stack 1 and chemically reacts them through the fuel cell to generate electrical energy. It accepts the water (H 2 O) that is produced.
  • a load cell 4 is installed below the drain water storage tank 5 to measure the weight of the drain water stored in the drain water storage tank 5.
  • the weight (Wf) of hydrogen supplied to the fuel cell stack 3 is calculated through the flow sensor 20, and the weight (Ww) of the discharged water of the discharged water storage tank 5 is calculated through the load cell 4
  • the ratio of the weight of hydrogen supplied (Wf) and the weight of discharged water (Ww) has a weight ratio of 1:9, and if the weight ratio is out of 1:9, the fuel cell stack 3 is judged to be faulty , When the weight ratio is maintained at 1:9, the fuel cell stack 3 is determined to be normal.
  • monitoring Information may be provided to the user through a system (not shown).
  • the present invention may further include a hydrogen supply control valve control unit (not shown) that opens and closes the hydrogen supply control valve 11 installed at the part of the hydrogen supply passage 2 connected to the hydrogen tank 1.
  • a hydrogen supply control valve control unit (not shown) that opens and closes the hydrogen supply control valve 11 installed at the part of the hydrogen supply passage 2 connected to the hydrogen tank 1.
  • the initial hydrogen weight Ws present in the hydrogen tank 1 is calculated.
  • the weight of hydrogen (Ws) can be measured by the pressure and temperature sensor 10 .
  • the hydrogen weight (Wf) supplied to the fuel cell stack 3 is calculated.
  • the weight of hydrogen (Wf) can be measured by the flow sensor 20.
  • the weight of hydrogen (Wp) can be measured by the pressure and temperature sensor 10 .
  • the weight Wf of hydrogen supplied to the fuel cell stack 3 is calculated.
  • the weight of hydrogen (Wf) can be measured by the flow sensor 20.
  • the weight (Ww) of the drained water present in the drained water storage tank 5 is calculated.
  • the weight (Ww) of the discharged water can be measured by the load cell (4).
  • the present invention by having the above configuration, can prevent secondary damage to a dangerous situation (explosion, etc.) that may occur through hydrogen leakage from the hydrogen tank 1, and flow into the fuel cell stack 3 It is possible to analyze the reaction performance of hydrogen and oxygen in the fuel cell stack (3) by detecting the ratio of the amount of hydrogen and discharged water. Secondary damage can be prevented by doing it quickly. In addition, it is possible to monitor real-time hydrogen consumption of hydrogen agricultural machines, and it is also possible to expand its application to fuel consumption measurement.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a fault diagnosis system and diagnosis method for an agricultural machine using a hydrogen fuel cell, enabling fault diagnosis to be carried out in real-time following an abnormality in a hydrogen tank and a fuel cell stack, for an agricultural machine driven by electrical energy which is generated by means of a chemical reaction, through the fuel cell stack, between hydrogen ions supplied from the hydrogen tank and oxygen in the air. The fault diagnosis system for an agricultural machine using a hydrogen fuel cell comprises: a hydrogen tank (1) for storing hydrogen and supplying hydrogen to a fuel cell stack (3); the fuel cell stack (3) for receiving hydrogen from the hydrogen tank (1), receiving oxygen from outside, and generating electrical energy by means of an electrochemical reaction between the hydrogen and the oxygen; and a discharge water storage tank (5) for storing discharge water generated by the electrochemical reaction between the hydrogen and the oxygen in the fuel cell stack (3), wherein a hydrogen supply channel (2) is installed between the hydrogen tank (1) and the fuel cell stack (3) so as to supply hydrogen from the hydrogen tank (1) to the fuel cell stack (3), a pressure and temperature sensor (10) is installed on the hydrogen tank (1), a flow sensor (20) is installed on the hydrogen supply channel (2), and a load cell (4) is installed on the lower side of the discharge water storage tank (5).

Description

수소 연료전지를 사용하는 농기계의 고장 진단 시스템Fault diagnosis system for agricultural machinery using hydrogen fuel cell
본 발명은, 수소탱크에서 공급된 수소 이온과 공기중의 산소가 연료전지 스택을 통해 화학 반응하여 전기에너지를 생성하고, 이를 통해 농기계를 구동하는 농기계에 있어서, 수소탱크 및 연료전지 스택의 이상에 따른 고장 진단을 실시간으로 이루어질 수 있게 하기 위한, 수소 연료전지를 사용하는 농기계의 고장 진단 시스템 및 진단 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to an agricultural machine in which hydrogen ions supplied from a hydrogen tank and oxygen in the air chemically react through a fuel cell stack to generate electric energy and thereby drive the agricultural machine, to an abnormality of the hydrogen tank and the fuel cell stack. The present invention relates to a failure diagnosis system and diagnosis method of an agricultural machine using a hydrogen fuel cell, so that failure diagnosis can be made in real time according to the present invention.
수소 연료전지를 이용한 동력 발생과 고장 진단을 위한 선행기술로, 공개특허공보 제10-2020-0064375호(2020. 6. 8. 공개)에는, 알칼리금속 저장탱크; 물을 포함하는 유체가 내장되되, 상기 알칼리금속 저장탱크로부터 공급받은 알칼리금속과 상기 물이 반응하여 수소기체가 생성되는 수소가스 발생부; 및 상기 수소가스 발생부로부터 수소기체를 공급받는 수소가스 저장부;를 포함하는 수소 생산 장치에 관한 기술이 개시되어 있다.As a prior art for power generation and fault diagnosis using a hydrogen fuel cell, in Patent Publication No. 10-2020-0064375 (published on June 8, 2020), an alkali metal storage tank; a hydrogen gas generator in which a fluid containing water is embedded, and hydrogen gas is generated by reacting the alkali metal supplied from the alkali metal storage tank with the water; and a hydrogen gas storage unit receiving hydrogen gas from the hydrogen gas generating unit.
또한, 공개특허공보 제10-2008-0048850호(2008. 6. 3. 공개)에는, 수소를 저장하여 공급하는 적어도 하나의 수소 탱크; 상기 각 수소 탱크의 온도를 검출하는 온도 센서; 상기 수소 탱크의 압력을 검출하는 압력 센서; 상기 수소를 산소와 반응시켜 전기를 생성하는 연료 전지 스택; 상기 수소를 연료 전지 스택에 공급하는 연료 프로세싱 시스템; 및 상기 수소 탱크의 초기 온도 및 압력 값을 이용하여 계산된 상기 각 수소 탱크의 초기 수소 양에서 일정 시간후, 상기 수소 탱크의 온도 및 압력 값을 이용하여 계산되는 수소 양 감산함로써, 수소 탱크로부터 공급된 각 수소 공급 양을 계산하고, 상기 일정 시간 동안 상기 연료 전지 스택에서 생성된 전류 값 누적하여 계산된 스택 수소 사용양과 일정 주기로 배출되는 외부 배출 수소 양을 합산한 총 수소 사용양과 상기 각 수소 공급 양과 비교하여 상기 각 수소 탱크들의 고장을 판단하여 알람하는 제어부;를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 연료전지 자동차 시스템의 수소 탱크 고장 판단 시스템에 관한 기술이 개시되어 있다.In addition, in Publication No. 10-2008-0048850 (published on June 3, 2008), at least one hydrogen tank for storing and supplying hydrogen; a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of each of the hydrogen tanks; a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure of the hydrogen tank; a fuel cell stack generating electricity by reacting the hydrogen with oxygen; a fuel processing system supplying the hydrogen to a fuel cell stack; and subtracting the amount of hydrogen calculated using the temperature and pressure values of the hydrogen tank after a predetermined time from the initial amount of hydrogen in each hydrogen tank calculated using the initial temperature and pressure values of the hydrogen tank, The total amount of hydrogen used by adding the amount of hydrogen supplied to the stack and the amount of hydrogen discharged to the outside at regular intervals, calculated by calculating the amount of each supplied hydrogen supply and accumulating the current values generated from the fuel cell stack for the predetermined period of time, and the respective hydrogen supply A technology related to a hydrogen tank failure determination system of a fuel cell vehicle system is disclosed, comprising a control unit that determines failure of each of the hydrogen tanks by comparing the amount with an alarm.
또한, 공개특허공보 제10-2009-0062587호(2009. 6. 17. 공개)에는, 고온에서 수소를 방출시키는 제1저장합금 분말이 충진된 외부공간과, 연료전지 스택에서 발생하는 열만으로 수소를 방출시키는 제2저장합금 분말을 충진된 내부공간과, 상기 내부 및 외부공간을 구획하도록 내부 및 외부공간 사이에 배열된 금속필터와, 연료전지 스택과 라디에이터 사이에서 냉각루프의 일 구성을 이루면서 상기 내부공간의 길이방향을 따라 배열되는 제2열교환 튜브와; 상기 제1저장합금 분말의 수소 방출을 위하여 외부공간에 별도로 연결되는 독립 열교환 루프;를 포함하여 구성된 것을 특징으로 하는 연료전지 자동차용 수소저장 시스템에 관한 기술이 개시되어 있다.In addition, in Patent Publication No. 10-2009-0062587 (published on June 17, 2009), an external space filled with a first storage alloy powder that releases hydrogen at a high temperature, and hydrogen only with heat generated from a fuel cell stack While forming a configuration of a cooling loop between an inner space filled with the second storage alloy powder releasing the second storage alloy powder, a metal filter arranged between the inner and outer spaces to partition the inner and outer spaces, and the fuel cell stack and the radiator, a second heat exchange tube arranged along the longitudinal direction of the inner space; A technology related to a hydrogen storage system for a fuel cell vehicle is disclosed, characterized in that it is configured to include; an independent heat exchange loop separately connected to an external space in order to release hydrogen from the first storage alloy powder.
또한, 공개특허공보 제10-2019-0101704호(2019. 9. 2. 공개)에는, 연료탱크에서 고압으로 충전된 수소가 고압 레귤레이터를 통해 일정압력으로 조절되어 저압 레귤레이터를 통해 스택에 공급될 수 있는 압력으로 조절되고, 상기 고압 레귤레이터와 저압 레귤레이터 사이에는 수소의 흐름을 조절하기 위하여 솔레노이드 밸브가 설치되는 것을 특징으로 하는 자동차 수소 공급장치에 관한 기술이 개시되어 있다.In addition, in Patent Publication No. 10-2019-0101704 (published on September 2, 2019), hydrogen charged at high pressure in a fuel tank may be adjusted to a certain pressure through a high pressure regulator and supplied to the stack through a low pressure regulator. A technology related to an automobile hydrogen supply device is disclosed, characterized in that a solenoid valve is installed between the high pressure regulator and the low pressure regulator to control the flow of hydrogen.
또한, 공개특허공보 제10-2013-0070162호(2013. 6. 27. 공개)에는, 수소가 저장되는 연료탱크, 상기 연료탱크로부터 공급된 수소의 압력을 조절하는 레귤레이터, 상기 레귤레이터에서 압력이 조절된 수소를 스택에 공급하는 이젝터, 상기 연료탱크와 상기 이젝터 사이에서 설치되어 수소를 공급하는 수소공급라인을 통해 공급되는 수소와 상기 스택에서 배출되는 냉각수를 열교환시키는 열교환기, 상기 스택에서 배출되는 가스를 재순환시켜 이젝터에 공급하는 재순환라인 및 상기 열교환기에 공급되는 냉각수의 양을 조절하는 조절부를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 자동차용 연료전지 수소공급시스템에 관한 기술이 개시되어 있다.In addition, in Patent Publication No. 10-2013-0070162 (published on June 27, 2013), a fuel tank in which hydrogen is stored, a regulator for controlling the pressure of hydrogen supplied from the fuel tank, and the pressure in the regulator are controlled. An ejector that supplies hydrogen to the stack, a heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the hydrogen supplied through a hydrogen supply line installed between the fuel tank and the ejector and supplying hydrogen to the cooling water discharged from the stack, and a gas discharged from the stack. Disclosed is a technology related to a fuel cell hydrogen supply system for vehicles, characterized in that it includes a recirculation line for recirculating and supplying to the ejector and a control unit for adjusting the amount of coolant supplied to the heat exchanger.
(선행기술문헌)(Prior art literature)
(특허문헌)(patent literature)
특허문헌 1 : 공개특허공보 제10-2020-0064375호(2020. 6. 8. 공개)Patent Document 1: Patent Publication No. 10-2020-0064375 (published on June 8, 2020)
특허문헌 2 : 공개특허공보 제10-2008-0048850호(2008. 6. 3. 공개)Patent Document 2: Publication No. 10-2008-0048850 (published on June 3, 2008)
특허문헌 3 : 공개특허공보 제10-2009-0062587호(2009. 6. 17. 공개)Patent Document 3: Publication No. 10-2009-0062587 (published on June 17, 2009)
특허문헌 4 : 공개특허공보 제10-2019-0101704호(2019. 9. 2. 공개)Patent Document 4: Patent Publication No. 10-2019-0101704 (published on September 2, 2019)
특허문헌 5 : 공개특허공보 제10-2013-0070162호(2013. 6. 27. 공개)Patent Document 5: Patent Publication No. 10-2013-0070162 (published on June 27, 2013)
상기 선행기술들 및 종래기술에 따른, 수소 연료전지의 고장 진단 시스템은, 수소 탱크의 온도 및 압력 데이터와 연료전지 스택의 전류 수치를 사용하여 진단하는 것으로, 시스템의 어느 구성에 고장이 발생한 것인지, 명확하게 판단하기 곤란하다는 문제점을 가지고 있다.The system for diagnosing a failure of a hydrogen fuel cell according to the prior art and the prior art diagnoses using the temperature and pressure data of the hydrogen tank and the current value of the fuel cell stack, which component of the system has a failure, It has a problem that it is difficult to judge clearly.
본 발명은, 상기와 같은 문제점을 해결하고자 하는 것으로, 시스템의 고장을 진단함에 있어서, 수소탱크 자체의 수소 누출에 따른 것인지, 또는 연료전지 스택에서 충분한 반응이 이루어지지 않는 것에 따른 것인지를 명확하게 구분하여 진단하고자 하는 것을 목적으로 하는 것이다.The present invention is intended to solve the above problems, and in diagnosing a system failure, it is clearly distinguished whether it is due to hydrogen leakage in the hydrogen tank itself or due to insufficient reaction in the fuel cell stack. It is for the purpose of diagnosing.
또한, 본 발명은 고장 진단을 신속하게 하여, 고장에 대한 대응을 신속하게 하고자 하는 것을 목적으로 한다.In addition, an object of the present invention is to promptly perform a fault diagnosis and respond quickly to a fault.
또한, 본 발명은 수소탱크로부터 수소 누출을 통해 발생할 수 있는 폭발과 같은 위험 상황에 따른 2차 피해를 예방하고자 하는 것을 목적으로 한다.In addition, an object of the present invention is to prevent secondary damage due to dangerous situations such as an explosion that may occur through hydrogen leakage from a hydrogen tank.
또한, 본 발명은 연료전지 스택으로 공급되는 수소량과 배출수의 비율을 검지하여, 연료전지 스택에서의 수소와 산소의 반응 성능을 분석할 수 있으며, 이를 통해서 연료전지 스택의 고장을 신속하게 진단하고자 하는 것을 목적으로 한다.In addition, the present invention can analyze the reaction performance of hydrogen and oxygen in the fuel cell stack by detecting the ratio of the amount of hydrogen supplied to the fuel cell stack and the discharged water, and through this, to quickly diagnose the failure of the fuel cell stack aims to do
또한, 본 발명은 수소 농기계의 실시간 수소 사용량 모니터링이 가능하므로, 연료 소모량 측정에 적용하고자 하는 것을 목적으로 한다.In addition, an object of the present invention is to apply it to fuel consumption measurement because it is possible to monitor hydrogen consumption in real time of a hydrogen agricultural machine.
본 발명은 상기와 같은 과제를 해결하고자 하는 것으로, [1] 수소를 저장하고, 연료전지 스택(3)에 수소를 공급하는 수소탱크(1); 상기 수소탱크(1)로부터 수소를 공급받고, 외부로부터 산소를 공급받아서, 상기 수소와 산소의 전기화학반응으로 전기에너지를 생산하는 연료전지 스택(3); 상기 연료전지 스택(3)에서 수소와 산소의 전기화학반응에 의해 발생하는 배출수를 저장하는 배출수 보관탱크(5);를 가지며, 상기 수소탱크(1)와 상기 연료전지 스택(3) 사이에는 수소 공급로(2)가 설치되어 수소를 수소탱크(1)로부터 연료전지 스택(3)으로 공급하며, 상기 수소탱크(1)에는 압력 및 온도 센서(10)를 설치하고, 상기 수소공급로(2)에는 유량센서(20)를 설치하며, 상기 배출수 보관탱크(5)의 하측에는 로드셀(4)을 설치하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 수소 연료전지를 사용하는 농기계의 고장 진단 시스템에 관한 것이다.The present invention is to solve the above problems, [1] a hydrogen tank (1) for storing hydrogen and supplying hydrogen to a fuel cell stack (3); a fuel cell stack (3) that receives hydrogen from the hydrogen tank (1) and receives oxygen from the outside to produce electrical energy through an electrochemical reaction between the hydrogen and oxygen; It has a discharge water storage tank 5 for storing discharge water generated by the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen in the fuel cell stack 3, and between the hydrogen tank 1 and the fuel cell stack 3, hydrogen A supply passage 2 is installed to supply hydrogen from the hydrogen tank 1 to the fuel cell stack 3, a pressure and temperature sensor 10 is installed in the hydrogen tank 1, and the hydrogen supply passage 2 ), a flow sensor 20 is installed, and a load cell 4 is installed on the lower side of the drain water storage tank 5. It relates to a fault diagnosis system for agricultural machinery using a hydrogen fuel cell.
또한, 본 발명은 [2] 상기 [1]에 있어서, 상기 수소 공급로(2)와 수소탱크(1)의 연결 부분에는 수소의 공급을 제어할 수 있도록 수소 공급 제어 밸브(11)가 더 설치되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 수소 연료전지를 사용하는 농기계의 고장 진단 시스템에 관한 것이다.In addition, the present invention [2] in the above [1], a hydrogen supply control valve 11 is further installed at the connection portion between the hydrogen supply path 2 and the hydrogen tank 1 to control the supply of hydrogen. It relates to a fault diagnosis system for agricultural machinery using a hydrogen fuel cell, characterized in that it becomes.
또한, 본 발명은 [3] 상기 [1]에 있어서, 상기 유량센서(20)는 수소 공급로(2)와 연료전지 스택(3)의 연결 부분에 설치되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 수소 연료전지를 사용하는 농기계의 고장 진단 시스템에 관한 것이다.In addition, the present invention [3] the hydrogen fuel cell according to the above [1], characterized in that the flow sensor 20 is installed at the connection portion between the hydrogen supply path 2 and the fuel cell stack 3 It relates to a failure diagnosis system for agricultural machinery in use.
또한, 본 발명은 [4] 상기 [1]에 있어서, 상기 압력 및 온도 센서(10)에서는, 수소 탱크(1) 내에 존재하는 수소의 무게를 측정하며, 상기 유량센서(20)에서는, 수소의 밀도를 이용하여 연료전지 스택(3)에 공급되는 수소의 무게를 측정하며, 상기 초기 수소탱크(1) 내에 존재하는 수소의 무게와 연료전지 스택(3)에 공급된 수소의 무게 차이를 산출하고, 현재 수소탱크(1) 내에 존재하는 수소의 무게와 비교하여, 동일한 값을 나타내면 정상으로, 동일한 값을 나타내지 않으면 고장으로 판단하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 수소 연료전지를 사용하는 농기계의 고장 진단 시스템에 관한 것이다.In addition, the present invention [4] according to the above [1], in the pressure and temperature sensor 10, the weight of hydrogen present in the hydrogen tank 1 is measured, and in the flow sensor 20, the hydrogen The weight of hydrogen supplied to the fuel cell stack 3 is measured using the density, and the difference between the weight of hydrogen present in the initial hydrogen tank 1 and the weight of hydrogen supplied to the fuel cell stack 3 is calculated, , Compared with the weight of hydrogen present in the hydrogen tank 1, if the same value is displayed, it is normal, and if it does not show the same value, it is judged as a failure. it's about
또한, 본 발명은 [5] 상기 [1]에 있어서, 상기 유량센서(20)를 통해 연료전지 스택에 공급되는 수소의 무게를 산출하고, 로드셀(4)을 통해 배출수 보관탱크(5)의 무게를 산출하여, 공급 수소의 무게와 배출수의 무게 비가를 측정하는 것에 의하여, 연료전지 스택(3)의 고장 여부를 판단하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 수소 연료전지를 사용하는 농기계의 고장 진단 시스템에 관한 것이다.[5] In the above [1], the weight of the hydrogen supplied to the fuel cell stack is calculated through the flow sensor 20, and the weight of the discharged water storage tank 5 is calculated through the load cell 4. It relates to a fault diagnosis system for agricultural machinery using a hydrogen fuel cell, characterized in that it determines whether the fuel cell stack (3) is faulty by calculating the weight of hydrogen supplied and measuring the weight ratio of discharged water. .
또한, 본 발명은 수소를 저장하고, 연료전지 스택(3)에 수소를 공급하는 수소탱크(1); 상기 수소탱크(1)로부터 수소를 공급받고, 외부로부터 산소를 공급받아서, 상기 수소와 산소의 전기화학반응으로 전기에너지를 생산하는 연료전지 스택(3); 상기 연료전지 스택(3)에서 수소와 산소의 전기화학반응에 의해 발생하는 배출수를 저장하는 배출수 보관탱크(5);를 가지며, 상기 수소탱크(1)와 상기 연료전지 스택(3) 사이에는 수소 공급로(2)가 설치되어 수소를 수소탱크(1)로부터 연료전지 스택(3)으로 공급하며, 상기 수소탱크(1)에는 압력 및 온도 센서(10)를 설치하고, 상기 압력 및 온도 센서(10)에 의해 측정된 압력(P) 및 온도(T)로, 수소탱크(1) 내의 존재하는 수소의 무게(Wp)를 계산하여, 실시간 수소 사용량을 제공하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 수소 연료전지를 사용하는 농기계의 고장 진단 시스템에 관한 것이다.In addition, the present invention is a hydrogen tank (1) for storing hydrogen and supplying hydrogen to the fuel cell stack (3); a fuel cell stack (3) that receives hydrogen from the hydrogen tank (1) and receives oxygen from the outside to produce electrical energy through an electrochemical reaction between the hydrogen and oxygen; It has a discharge water storage tank 5 for storing discharge water generated by the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen in the fuel cell stack 3, and between the hydrogen tank 1 and the fuel cell stack 3, hydrogen A supply path 2 is installed to supply hydrogen from the hydrogen tank 1 to the fuel cell stack 3, a pressure and temperature sensor 10 is installed in the hydrogen tank 1, and the pressure and temperature sensor ( 10), the weight (Wp) of hydrogen present in the hydrogen tank (1) is calculated with the pressure (P) and temperature (T) measured, and the hydrogen consumption amount is provided in real time. It relates to a failure diagnosis system for agricultural machinery in use.
본 발명은, 상기와 같은 구성으로 이루어지는 것으로, 시스템의 고장을 진단함에 있어서, 수소탱크 자체의 수소 누출에 따른 것인지, 또는 연료전지 스택에서 충분한 반응이 이루어지지 않는 것에 따른 것인지를 명확하게 구분하여 진단할 수 있다.The present invention consists of the above configuration, and in diagnosing system failure, it is diagnosed by clearly distinguishing whether it is due to hydrogen leakage in the hydrogen tank itself or due to insufficient reaction in the fuel cell stack. can do.
또한, 본 발명은 고장 진단을 신속하게 하여, 고장에 대한 대응을 신속하게 할 수 있다.In addition, according to the present invention, it is possible to promptly respond to failures by promptly diagnosing failures.
또한, 본 발명은 수소탱크로부터 수소 누출을 통해 발생할 수 있는 폭발과 같은 위험 상황에 따른 2차 피해를 예방할 수 있다.In addition, the present invention can prevent secondary damage due to a dangerous situation such as an explosion that may occur through hydrogen leakage from a hydrogen tank.
또한, 본 발명은 연료전지 스택으로 공급되는 수소량과 배출수의 비율을 감지하여, 연료전지 스택에서의 수소와 산소의 반응 성능을 분석할 수 있으며, 이를 통해서 연료전지 스택의 고장을 신속하게 진단할 수 있다.In addition, the present invention can analyze the reaction performance of hydrogen and oxygen in the fuel cell stack by detecting the ratio of the amount of hydrogen supplied to the fuel cell stack and the discharged water, and through this, it is possible to quickly diagnose the failure of the fuel cell stack. can
또한, 본 발명은 수소 농기계의 실시간 수소 사용량 모니터링이 가능하므로, 연료 소모량 측정에 적용할 수 있다.In addition, the present invention can be applied to fuel consumption measurement because real-time hydrogen consumption monitoring of hydrogen agricultural machines is possible.
도 1은 본 발명의 전체적인 개념도1 is an overall conceptual diagram of the present invention
도 2는 본 발명의 수소탱크의 수소 누출 진단 방법을 나타내는 흐름도2 is a flow chart showing a method for diagnosing a hydrogen leak in a hydrogen tank according to the present invention;
도 3은 본 발명의 연료전지 스택의 고장 진단 방법을 나타내는 흐름도3 is a flowchart showing a method for diagnosing a failure of a fuel cell stack according to the present invention;
도 4는 본 발명의 시스템 제어 블록도4 is a system control block diagram of the present invention
본 발명을 설명함에 있어 종래기술과 동일한 기술 구성에 대하여는 동일한 명칭을 그대로 부여하여 설명한다.In describing the present invention, the same names are assigned to the same technical configurations as those in the prior art and will be described.
본 발명은, 수소를 저장하고, 연료전지 스택(3)에 수소를 공급하는 수소탱크(1); 상기 수소탱크(1)로부터 수소를 공급받고, 외부로부터 산소를 공급받아서, 상기 수소와 산소의 전기화학반응으로 전기에너지를 생산하는 연료전지 스택(3); 상기 연료전지 스택(3)에서 수소와 산소의 전기화학반응에 의해 발생하는 배출수를 저장하는 배출수 탱크(5);를 가지며, 상기 수소탱크(1)와 상기 연료전지 스택(3) 사이에는 수소 공급로(2)가 설치되어 수소를 수소탱크(1)로부터 연료전지 스택(3)으로 공급하며, 상기 수소탱크(1)에는 압력 및 온도 센서(10)를 설치하고, 상기 수소공급로(2)에는 유량센서(20)를 설치하며, 상기 배출수 보관탱크(5)의 하측에는 로드셀(4)을 설치하는 것을 특징으로 하는 것으로, 아래에서는 상기 구성들에 대해서 도면을 살펴보면서 구체적으로 설명한다.The present invention, a hydrogen tank (1) for storing hydrogen and supplying hydrogen to the fuel cell stack (3); a fuel cell stack (3) that receives hydrogen from the hydrogen tank (1) and receives oxygen from the outside to produce electrical energy through an electrochemical reaction between the hydrogen and oxygen; and a discharge water tank 5 for storing discharge water generated by an electrochemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen in the fuel cell stack 3, and supplying hydrogen between the hydrogen tank 1 and the fuel cell stack 3. A furnace 2 is installed to supply hydrogen from the hydrogen tank 1 to the fuel cell stack 3, a pressure and temperature sensor 10 is installed in the hydrogen tank 1, and the hydrogen supply path 2 The flow sensor 20 is installed, and the load cell 4 is installed on the lower side of the drain water storage tank 5. Below, the configurations will be described in detail while looking at the drawings.
[수소탱크(1)][Hydrogen tank (1)]
본 발명의 수소탱크(1)는, 도 1에 나타나 있는 것과 같이, 수소를 저장하는 탱크이며, 상기 수소탱크(1)에 저장된 수소는 아래에서 설명하는 연료전지 스택(3)으로 공급된다. 이때 상기 수소탱크(1)와 상기 연료전지 스택(3) 사이에는 수소를 공급하기 위한 수소 공급로(2)가 설치된다.As shown in FIG. 1, the hydrogen tank 1 of the present invention is a tank for storing hydrogen, and the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen tank 1 is supplied to the fuel cell stack 3 described below. At this time, a hydrogen supply path 2 for supplying hydrogen is installed between the hydrogen tank 1 and the fuel cell stack 3.
또한, 상기 수소탱크(1)에는 압력 및 온도 센서(10)를 설치하고, 상기 수소공급로(2)의 수소탱크(1)와 연결되는 부분에는 수소 공급 제어 밸브(11)를 설치하여, 상기 수소탱크(1)에서 상기 연료전지 스택(3)으로 공급되는 수소의 양을 제어하게 된다.In addition, a pressure and temperature sensor 10 is installed in the hydrogen tank 1, and a hydrogen supply control valve 11 is installed in a portion of the hydrogen supply passage 2 connected to the hydrogen tank 1, The amount of hydrogen supplied from the hydrogen tank 1 to the fuel cell stack 3 is controlled.
상기 압력 및 온도 센서(10)에서 측정된 압력(P)과 온도(T)는, 상기 수소탱크(1) 내의 저장된 수소의 무게(W)를 측정하기 위한 것이다.The pressure (P) and temperature (T) measured by the pressure and temperature sensor 10 are used to measure the weight (W) of hydrogen stored in the hydrogen tank 1.
상기 온도(T)와 압력(P)에 의한 무게(W)의 측정은, 아래와 같은 식에 의하여 이루어질 수 있다.The measurement of the weight (W) by the temperature (T) and pressure (P) can be made by the following equation.
Figure PCTKR2022012101-appb-img-000001
Figure PCTKR2022012101-appb-img-000001
(P:압력, V:부피, R:기체상수(수소=420.3), T:온도, n:시료의 몰수(mol), W:시료의 질량(g), M:시료의 몰질량(g/mol, 수소=1) (P: pressure, V: volume, R: gas constant (hydrogen = 420.3), T: temperature, n: number of moles of sample (mol), W: mass of sample (g), M: molar mass of sample (g/ mol, hydrogen=1)
상기 식에 의하여, 본 발명에서는 초기 수소탱크(1) 내에 존재하는 수소의 무게(Ws)와, 현재 수소탱크(1)내에 존재하는 수소 무게(Wp)를 비교하여, 즉 초기 수소 무게(Ws)에서 현재의 수소 무게(Wp)를 빼는 것에 의하여, 얼마만큼의 수소가 수소탱크(1)에서 외부로 공급되었는지 정확하게 확인할 수 있다.According to the above formula, in the present invention, the weight (Ws) of hydrogen present in the initial hydrogen tank 1 is compared with the weight (Wp) of hydrogen currently present in the hydrogen tank 1, that is, the initial hydrogen weight (Ws) By subtracting the current weight of hydrogen (Wp) from , it is possible to accurately determine how much hydrogen has been supplied from the hydrogen tank 1 to the outside.
[연료전지 스택(3)][Fuel cell stack (3)]
본 발명의 연료전지 스택(3)은, 도 1에 나타나 있는 것과 같이, 상기 수소탱크(1)로부터 공급되는 수소 이온과 공기 중의 산소를 공급받아 연료전지를 통해 화학 반응하여 전기 에너지를 생성하고, 이 과정에서 수소와 산소가 반응하여 생성되는 물(H2O)을 외부로 배출하게 된다. 이때 배출되는 물(H2O)은 아래에서 설명하는 배출수 보관탱크(5)로 배출된다.As shown in FIG. 1, the fuel cell stack 3 of the present invention receives hydrogen ions supplied from the hydrogen tank 1 and oxygen in the air and chemically reacts through the fuel cell to generate electrical energy, In this process, water (H 2 O) produced by the reaction of hydrogen and oxygen is discharged to the outside. At this time, the discharged water (H 2 O) is discharged to the discharge water storage tank 5 described below.
상기 수소탱크(1)에 보관된 수소는, 연료전지 스택(3)으로 이동하며, 연료전지 스택(3)에서 외부로부터 공급받은 공기(산소)와 전기화학반응을 통해 전기를 생성하고 생성된 전기로 모터를 돌려 동력을 발생시키게 된다.Hydrogen stored in the hydrogen tank 1 moves to the fuel cell stack 3, and electricity is generated through an electrochemical reaction with air (oxygen) supplied from the outside in the fuel cell stack 3, and the generated electricity turns the motor to generate power.
이때, 수소 반응과 산소 반응은 아래와 같은 식으로 이루어지며, 상기 수소 반응과 산소 반응에 의하여, 4e- 는 전기에너지로, 2H2O는 배출수로 각각 공급 및 배출된다.At this time, the hydrogen reaction and oxygen reaction are performed in the following formula, and by the hydrogen reaction and oxygen reaction, 4e - is supplied as electrical energy and 2H 2 O is supplied and discharged as discharge water, respectively.
수소 반응 : 2H2 =4H+ + 4e- Hydrogen Reaction: 2H 2 =4H + + 4e -
산소 반응은 O2 + 4H+ = 2H2OThe oxygen reaction is O 2 + 4H + = 2H 2 O
본 발명의 수소 농기계에서 에너지를 발생시키는 핵심은, 상기 수소와 산소의 전기화학반응이며, 정상적으로 반응이 이루어지지 않게 되면, 에너지 생산이 불가능해진다.The key to generating energy in the hydrogen farm machine of the present invention is the electrochemical reaction between the hydrogen and oxygen, and if the reaction does not occur normally, energy production becomes impossible.
또한, 수소탱크(1)에서 수소가 누출되면, 폭발 등 큰 사고의 위험이 있으므로, 이에 대한 진단 기능이 필요한 것으로, 본 발명은 수소 농기계의 고장 진단 시스템을 제공하고자 하는 것을 해결하고자 하는 과제로 하는 것이다.In addition, when hydrogen leaks from the hydrogen tank 1, there is a risk of a big accident such as an explosion, so a diagnosis function for this is required. will be.
본 발명은 상기와 같은 과제를 해결하기 위하여, 상기 연료전지 스택(3)이 상기 수소 공급로(2)와 연결되는 부분에, 유량센서(20)를 설치한다.In order to solve the above problems, the present invention installs a flow rate sensor 20 at a portion where the fuel cell stack 3 is connected to the hydrogen supply path 2.
상기 유량센서(20)에서는, 수소의 밀도를 이용하여 연료전지 스택(3)에 공급되는 수소의 무게(Wf)를 측정하며, 상기 초기의 수소탱크(1) 내에 존재하는 수소의 무게(Ws)와 연료전지 스택(3)에 공급된 수소의 무게(Wf)의 차이를 산출하고, 현재 수소탱크(1) 내에 존재하는 수소의 무게(Wp)와 비교하여, 무게(Ws)-무게(Wf)=무게(Wp)의 값을 나타내면 정상으로, 무게(Ws)-무게(Wf)≠무게(Wp)의 값을 나타내면 고장으로 판단하게 된다.In the flow sensor 20, the weight (Wf) of hydrogen supplied to the fuel cell stack 3 is measured using the density of hydrogen, and the weight (Ws) of hydrogen present in the initial hydrogen tank 1 Calculate the difference between the weight (Wf) of the hydrogen supplied to the fuel cell stack (3) and compare it with the weight (Wp) of the hydrogen present in the hydrogen tank (1), weight (Ws)-weight (Wf) If the value of = weight (Wp) is displayed, it is judged normal, and if the value of weight (Ws) - weight (Wf) ≠ weight (Wp) is displayed, it is judged to be faulty.
이때, 상기 유량센서(20)를 통해 연료전지 스택(3)에 공급되는 수소의 유량을 측정하고, 수소의 밀도(0.08988 g/L)를 이용하여 연료전지 스택(3)에 공급되는 수소의 무게를 산출하게 된다.At this time, the flow rate of hydrogen supplied to the fuel cell stack 3 is measured through the flow sensor 20, and the weight of hydrogen supplied to the fuel cell stack 3 is measured using the hydrogen density (0.08988 g/L). will yield
즉, 상기 초기의 수소탱크(1) 내에 존재하는 수소의 무게(Ws)와 연료전지 스택(3)에 공급되는 수소의 무게(Wf) 차이를 산출하고, 현재 수소탱크(1) 내에 존재하는 수소의 무게(Wp)와 비교하여, 수소탱크(1)에서의 수소 누출 유무를 진단하게 된다.That is, the difference between the weight (Ws) of hydrogen present in the initial hydrogen tank (1) and the weight (Wf) of hydrogen supplied to the fuel cell stack (3) is calculated, and the hydrogen currently present in the hydrogen tank (1) is calculated. Compared with the weight (Wp) of , the presence or absence of hydrogen leakage in the hydrogen tank 1 is diagnosed.
정리하면, 수소탱크(1)의 온도(T) 및 압력(P)을 이용하여, 수소탱크(1) 내에 존재하는 현재 수소의 무게(Wp)를 산출하고, 상기 연료전지 스택(3)에 연결되는 수소 공급로(2) 부분에 설치되는 유량센서(20)를 통해 공급되는 수소의 무게(Wf)를 산출하여, 상기 두 값의 합이 초기 수소탱크(1)의 수소 무게(Ws)와 일치하지 않게 되면 수소탱크(1) 내의 수소가 외부로 누출되는 것으로 진단하며, 상기 두 값의 합이 초기 수소탱크(1)의 수소 무게와 일치하게 되면 수소탱크(1) 내의 수소가 외부로 누출되지 않는 것으로 진단하게 된다.In summary, using the temperature (T) and pressure (P) of the hydrogen tank (1), the weight (Wp) of the current hydrogen present in the hydrogen tank (1) is calculated, and connected to the fuel cell stack (3). The weight (Wf) of hydrogen supplied through the flow sensor (20) installed in the hydrogen supply path (2) is calculated, and the sum of the above two values coincides with the hydrogen weight (Ws) of the initial hydrogen tank (1). If not, it is diagnosed that the hydrogen in the hydrogen tank 1 is leaking to the outside. diagnosed as not
[배출수 보관탱크(5)][Drain water storage tank (5)]
본 발명의 배출수 보관탱크(5)는, 상기 연료전지 스택(1)에서 수소 이온과 공기 중의 산소를 공급받아 연료전지를 통해 화학 반응하여 전기 에너지를 생성하고, 이 과정에서 수소와 산소가 반응하여 생성되는 물(H2O)을 받아들이는 것이다.The discharged water storage tank 5 of the present invention receives hydrogen ions and oxygen in the air from the fuel cell stack 1 and chemically reacts them through the fuel cell to generate electrical energy. It accepts the water (H 2 O) that is produced.
상기 배출수 보관탱크(5)의 하측에는 로드셀(4)을 설치하여, 배출수 보관탱크(5) 내에 저장되는 배출수의 무게를 측정하게 된다.A load cell 4 is installed below the drain water storage tank 5 to measure the weight of the drain water stored in the drain water storage tank 5.
본 발명에서는, 상기 유량센서(20)를 통해서 연료전지 스택(3)에 공급되는 수소의 무게(Wf)을 산출하고, 상기 로드셀(4)을 통해서 배출수 보관탱크(5)의 배출수 무게(Ww)를 산출하여, 공급 수소의 무게(Wf)와 배출수 무게(Ww)의 비가 1:9의 무게비를 갖는지 확인하고, 상기 무게비가 1 : 9를 벗어나게 되면, 연료전지 스택(3)을 고장으로 판정하고, 상기 무게비가 1 : 9를 유지하게 되면 연료전지 스택(3)을 정상으로 판정하게 된다.In the present invention, the weight (Wf) of hydrogen supplied to the fuel cell stack 3 is calculated through the flow sensor 20, and the weight (Ww) of the discharged water of the discharged water storage tank 5 is calculated through the load cell 4 By calculating , it is confirmed that the ratio of the weight of hydrogen supplied (Wf) and the weight of discharged water (Ww) has a weight ratio of 1:9, and if the weight ratio is out of 1:9, the fuel cell stack 3 is judged to be faulty , When the weight ratio is maintained at 1:9, the fuel cell stack 3 is determined to be normal.
이때 상기 무게비를 1 : 9로 하는 것은, 수소 원자 1몰의 질량이 1g, 산소 원자 1몰의 질량은 16g이므로, 수소(H2) : 산소(O) = 물(H2O)은 2 : 16 = 18의 무게비를 가지기 때문이다.At this time, the weight ratio is 1: 9, since the mass of 1 mole of hydrogen atoms is 1 g and the mass of 1 mole of oxygen atoms is 16 g, hydrogen (H 2 ) : oxygen (O) = water (H 2 O) is 2: This is because it has a weight ratio of 16 = 18.
[제어기(7)][controller (7)]
본 발명은 상기와 같은 구성에 의하여, 수소탱크(1) 또는 연료전지 스택(3)에 고장이 발생하거나, 수소탱크(1)와 연료전지 스택(3) 모두에 고장이 발생하는 경우에, 모니터링 시스템(미도시)을 통하여 사용자에게 정보를 제공할 수 있다.According to the present invention, when a failure occurs in the hydrogen tank 1 or the fuel cell stack 3 or a failure occurs in both the hydrogen tank 1 and the fuel cell stack 3, monitoring Information may be provided to the user through a system (not shown).
또한 본 발명은, 수소공급로(2)의 수소탱크(1)와 연결되는 부분에 설치한 수소 공급 제어 밸브(11)를 개폐하는 수소 공급 제어 밸브 제어 유닛(미도시)을 더 가질 수 있다.In addition, the present invention may further include a hydrogen supply control valve control unit (not shown) that opens and closes the hydrogen supply control valve 11 installed at the part of the hydrogen supply passage 2 connected to the hydrogen tank 1.
아래에서는 상기와 같은 구성으로 이루어지는 본 발명의 진단 방법에 대해서 구체적으로 살펴본다.Hereinafter, the diagnosis method of the present invention composed of the above configuration will be described in detail.
도 2를 살펴보면서, 본 발명의 수소 탱크(2)의 수소 누출 진단 방법에 대해서 설명한다.Referring to FIG. 2, a method for diagnosing hydrogen leakage in the hydrogen tank 2 according to the present invention will be described.
먼저, 수소탱크(1)에 존재하는 초기의 수소 무게(Ws)를 산출한다. 상기 수소 무게(Ws)는 상기 압력 및 온도 센서(10)에 의해 측정 가능하다.First, the initial hydrogen weight Ws present in the hydrogen tank 1 is calculated. The weight of hydrogen (Ws) can be measured by the pressure and temperature sensor 10 .
다음으로, 연료전지 스택(3)에 공급되는 수소 무게(Wf)를 산출한다. 상기 수소 무게(Wf)는, 상기 유량센서(20)에 의해 측정 가능하다.Next, the hydrogen weight (Wf) supplied to the fuel cell stack 3 is calculated. The weight of hydrogen (Wf) can be measured by the flow sensor 20.
다음으로 수소 탱크(1)에 존재하는 현재 수소 무게(Wp)를 산출한다. 상기 수소 무게(Wp)는 상기 압력 및 온도 센서(10)에 의해 측정 가능하다.Next, the current hydrogen weight Wp present in the hydrogen tank 1 is calculated. The weight of hydrogen (Wp) can be measured by the pressure and temperature sensor 10 .
상기와 같은 과정에 의하여 측정된 값들이, 무게(Ws)-무게(Wf) = 무게(Wp)의 식을 만족하면, 정상 작동으로 판단하여, 반복하여 상기 수소 무게들(Ws, Wf, Wp)의 값을 측정하게 된다.If the values measured by the above process satisfy the equation of weight (Ws)-weight (Wf) = weight (Wp), it is determined that the operation is normal, and the hydrogen weights (Ws, Wf, Wp) are repeated. will measure the value of
그렇지만, 상기와 같이 과정에 의하여 측정된 값들이, 무게(Ws)-무게(Wf) ≠ 무게(Wp)의 값을 나타내면, 고장으로 판단하고, 수소 유출 경고 신호를 출력함과 함께, 수소 공급 제어 밸브(11)를 제어하는 수소 공급 제어 밸브 제어 유닛(미도시)을 작동시켜 수소 공급을 정지시킨다.However, if the values measured by the process as described above indicate a value of weight (Ws)-weight (Wf) ≠ weight (Wp), it is determined as a failure, a hydrogen leakage warning signal is output, and hydrogen supply control A hydrogen supply control valve control unit (not shown) that controls the valve 11 is operated to stop supply of hydrogen.
또한, 도 3를 살펴보면서, 본 발명의 연료전지 스택(3)의 고장 진단 방법에 대해서 설명한다.In addition, referring to FIG. 3 , a method for diagnosing a failure of the fuel cell stack 3 according to the present invention will be described.
먼저, 연료전지 스택(3)에 공급되는 수소 무게(Wf)를 산출한다. 상기 수소 무게(Wf)는, 상기 유량센서(20)에 의해 측정 가능하다.First, the weight Wf of hydrogen supplied to the fuel cell stack 3 is calculated. The weight of hydrogen (Wf) can be measured by the flow sensor 20.
다음으로 배출수 보관탱크(5)에 존재하는 배출수의 무게(Ww)를 산출한다. 상기 배출수의 무게(Ww)는 상기 로드셀(4)에 의해 측정 가능하다.Next, the weight (Ww) of the drained water present in the drained water storage tank 5 is calculated. The weight (Ww) of the discharged water can be measured by the load cell (4).
상기와 같은 과정에 의하여 측정된 값들이, 9*무게(Wf) = 무게(Ww)의 식을 만족하면, 정상 작동으로 판단하여, 반복하여 상기 수소 무게들(Wf, Ww)의 값을 측정하게 된다.If the values measured by the above process satisfy the equation of 9 * weight (Wf) = weight (Ww), it is judged to be normal operation, and the values of the hydrogen weights (Wf, Ww) are repeatedly measured. do.
그렇지만, 상기와 같이 과정에 의하여 측정된 값들이, 9*무게(Wf) ≠ 무게(Ww)의 식을 만족하면, 고장으로 판단하여 연료전지 고장 신호를 출력함과 함께, 공기(산소) 공급을 정지하고, 수소 공급 제어 밸브(11)를 제어하는 수소 공급 제어 밸브 제어 유닛(미도시)을 작동시켜 수소 공급을 정지시킨다.However, if the values measured by the process as described above satisfy the equation of 9 * weight (Wf) ≠ weight (Ww), it is judged to be a failure, outputs a fuel cell failure signal, and supplies air (oxygen). Then, the hydrogen supply is stopped by operating a hydrogen supply control valve control unit (not shown) that controls the hydrogen supply control valve 11.
본 발명은, 상기와 같은 구성을 갖는 것에 의하여, 수소탱크(1)로부터 수소 누출을 통해 발생할 수 있는 위험상황(폭발 등)에 대한 2차 피해를 예방할 수 있으며, 연료전지 스택(3)으로 유입되는 수소량과 배출수의 비율을 검지하여 연료전지스택(3)에서 수소와 산소의 반응 성능을 분석할 수 있으며, 이를 통해 연료전지 스택(3)의 고장진단이 가능한 것으로, 수소 농기계의 고장 진단을 신속하게 하는 것에 의하여 2차 피해를 예방할 수 있다. 또한, 수소 농기계의 실시간 수소 사용량을 모니터링할 수 있는 것으로, 연료 소모량 측정에 확대 적용하는 것도 가능하다.The present invention, by having the above configuration, can prevent secondary damage to a dangerous situation (explosion, etc.) that may occur through hydrogen leakage from the hydrogen tank 1, and flow into the fuel cell stack 3 It is possible to analyze the reaction performance of hydrogen and oxygen in the fuel cell stack (3) by detecting the ratio of the amount of hydrogen and discharged water. Secondary damage can be prevented by doing it quickly. In addition, it is possible to monitor real-time hydrogen consumption of hydrogen agricultural machines, and it is also possible to expand its application to fuel consumption measurement.
이상의 설명은 본 발명을 예시적으로 설명한 것이고, 명세서에 게시된 실시예는 본 발명의 기술사상을 한정하기 위한 것이 아니라 설명하기 위한 것이므로 본 발명이 속하는 기술분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자라면 본 발명의 기술사상을 벗어나지 않는 범위에서 다양한 수정 및 변형이 가능할 것이다. 그러므로 본 발명의 보호범위는 청구범위에 기재된 사항에 의해 해석되고, 그와 균등한 범위 내에 있는 기술적 사항도 본 발명의 권리범위에 포함되는 것으로 해석되어야 할 것이다.The above description is illustrative of the present invention, and the embodiments disclosed in the specification are not intended to limit the technical idea of the present invention, but are for explanation. Various modifications and variations will be possible without departing from the technical idea of Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be construed by the matters described in the claims, and technical matters within the scope equivalent thereto should be construed as being included in the scope of the present invention.
(부호의 설명)(Description of code)
1 : 수소탱크1: hydrogen tank
10 : 압력 및 온도 센서 10: pressure and temperature sensor
11 : 수소 공급 제어 밸브 11: hydrogen supply control valve
2 : 수소 공급로2: Hydrogen Supply Path
20 : 유량센서 20: flow sensor
3 : 연료전지 스택3: fuel cell stack
4 : 로드셀4: load cell
5 : 배출수 보관탱크5: drain water storage tank

Claims (6)

  1. 수소를 저장하고, 연료전지 스택(3)에 수소를 공급하는 수소탱크(1);a hydrogen tank 1 for storing hydrogen and supplying hydrogen to the fuel cell stack 3;
    상기 수소탱크(1)로부터 수소를 공급받고, 외부로부터 산소를 공급받아서, 상기 수소와 산소의 전기화학반응으로 전기에너지를 생산하는 연료전지 스택(3);a fuel cell stack (3) that receives hydrogen from the hydrogen tank (1) and receives oxygen from the outside to produce electrical energy through an electrochemical reaction between the hydrogen and oxygen;
    상기 연료전지 스택(3)에서 수소와 산소의 전기화학반응에 의해 발생하는 배출수를 저장하는 배출수 보관탱크(5);를 가지며and a discharge water storage tank (5) for storing discharge water generated by the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen in the fuel cell stack (3).
    상기 수소탱크(1)와 상기 연료전지 스택(3) 사이에는 수소 공급로(2)가 설치되어 수소를 수소탱크(1)로부터 연료전지 스택(3)으로 공급하며,A hydrogen supply path 2 is installed between the hydrogen tank 1 and the fuel cell stack 3 to supply hydrogen from the hydrogen tank 1 to the fuel cell stack 3,
    상기 수소탱크(1)에는 압력 및 온도 센서(10)를 설치하고,A pressure and temperature sensor 10 is installed in the hydrogen tank 1,
    상기 수소공급로(2)에는 유량센서(20)를 설치하며,A flow sensor 20 is installed in the hydrogen supply path 2,
    상기 배출수 보관탱크(5)의 하측에는 로드셀(4)을 설치하는 것을 특징으로 하는,Characterized in that the load cell (4) is installed on the lower side of the drain water storage tank (5).
    수소 연료전지를 사용하는 농기계의 고장 진단 시스템.Fault diagnosis system for agricultural machinery using hydrogen fuel cell.
  2. 제1항에 있어서,According to claim 1,
    상기 수소 공급로(2)와 수소탱크(1)의 연결 부분에는 수소의 공급을 제어할 수 있도록 수소 공급 제어 밸브(11)가 더 설치되는 것을 특징으로 하는,Characterized in that a hydrogen supply control valve 11 is further installed at the connection between the hydrogen supply path 2 and the hydrogen tank 1 to control the supply of hydrogen.
    수소 연료전지를 사용하는 농기계의 고장 진단 시스템.Fault diagnosis system for agricultural machinery using hydrogen fuel cell.
  3. 제1항에 있어서,According to claim 1,
    상기 유량센서(20)는 수소 공급로(2)와 연료전지 스택(3)의 연결 부분에 설치되는 것을 특징으로 하는,Characterized in that the flow sensor 20 is installed at the connection portion of the hydrogen supply path 2 and the fuel cell stack 3,
    수소 연료전지를 사용하는 농기계의 고장 진단 시스템.Fault diagnosis system for agricultural machinery using hydrogen fuel cell.
  4. 제1항에 있어서,According to claim 1,
    상기 압력 및 온도 센서(10)에서는, 수소 탱크(1) 내에 본재하는 수소의 무게를 측정하며,In the pressure and temperature sensor 10, the weight of hydrogen present in the hydrogen tank 1 is measured,
    상기 유량센서(20)에서는, 수소의 밀도를 이용하여 연료전지 스택(3)에 공급되는 수소의 무게를 측정하며,In the flow sensor 20, the weight of hydrogen supplied to the fuel cell stack 3 is measured using the density of hydrogen,
    상기 초기 수소탱크(1) 내에 존재하는 수소의 무게와 연료전지 스택(3)에 공급된 수소의 무게 차이를 산출하고, 현재 수소탱크(1) 내에 존재하는 수소의 무게와 비교하여, 동일한 값을 나타내면 정상으로, 동일한 값을 나타내지 않으면 고장으로 판단하는 것을 특징으로 하는,The difference between the weight of hydrogen present in the initial hydrogen tank 1 and the weight of hydrogen supplied to the fuel cell stack 3 is calculated, and compared with the weight of hydrogen currently present in the hydrogen tank 1, the same value is obtained. It is characterized in that it is judged normal if it is indicated, and it is judged to be faulty if it does not indicate the same value.
    수소 연료전지를 사용하는 농기계의 고장 진단 시스템.Fault diagnosis system for agricultural machinery using hydrogen fuel cell.
  5. 제1항에 있어서,According to claim 1,
    상기 유량센서(20)를 통해 연료전지 스택에 공급되는 수소의 무게를 산출하고, 로드셀(4)을 통해 배출수 보관탱크(5)의 무게를 산출하여, 공급 수소의 무게와 배출수의 무게 비가를 측정하는 것에 의하여, 연료전지 스택(3)의 고장 여부를 판단하는 것을 특징으로 하는,The weight of the hydrogen supplied to the fuel cell stack is calculated through the flow sensor 20, and the weight of the discharged water storage tank 5 is calculated through the load cell 4, and the weight ratio of the supplied hydrogen and the discharged water is measured. By doing, it is characterized in that it determines whether the fuel cell stack 3 is out of order,
    수소 연료전지를 사용하는 농기계의 고장 진단 시스템. Fault diagnosis system for agricultural machinery using hydrogen fuel cell.
  6. 수소를 저장하고, 연료전지 스택(3)에 수소를 공급하는 수소탱크(1);a hydrogen tank 1 for storing hydrogen and supplying hydrogen to the fuel cell stack 3;
    상기 수소탱크(1)로부터 수소를 공급받고, 외부로부터 산소를 공급받아서, 상기 수소와 산소의 전기화학반응으로 전기에너지를 생산하는 연료전지 스택(3);a fuel cell stack (3) that receives hydrogen from the hydrogen tank (1) and receives oxygen from the outside to produce electrical energy through an electrochemical reaction between the hydrogen and oxygen;
    상기 연료전지 스택(3)에서 수소와 산소의 전기화학반응에 의해 발생하는 배출수를 저장하는 배출수 보관탱크(5);를 가지며and a discharge water storage tank (5) for storing discharge water generated by the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen in the fuel cell stack (3).
    상기 수소탱크(1)와 상기 연료전지 스택(3) 사이에는 수소 공급로(2)가 설치되어 수소를 수소탱크(1)로부터 연료전지 스택(3)으로 공급하며,A hydrogen supply path 2 is installed between the hydrogen tank 1 and the fuel cell stack 3 to supply hydrogen from the hydrogen tank 1 to the fuel cell stack 3,
    상기 수소탱크(1)에는 압력 및 온도 센서(10)를 설치하고,A pressure and temperature sensor 10 is installed in the hydrogen tank 1,
    상기 압력 및 온도 센서(10)에 의해 측정된 압력(P) 및 온도(T)로, 수소탱크(1) 내의 존재하는 수소의 무게(Wp)를 계산하여, 실시간 수소 사용량을 제공하는 것을 특징으로 하는,Based on the pressure (P) and temperature (T) measured by the pressure and temperature sensor (10), the weight (Wp) of hydrogen present in the hydrogen tank (1) is calculated to provide real-time hydrogen consumption. doing,
    수소 연료전지를 사용하는 농기계의 고장 진단 시스템.Fault diagnosis system for agricultural machinery using hydrogen fuel cell.
PCT/KR2022/012101 2021-08-12 2022-08-12 Fault diagnosis system for agricultural machine using hydrogen fuel cell WO2023018286A1 (en)

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