WO2023018058A1 - Protecteur de batterie et bloc-batterie le comprenant - Google Patents

Protecteur de batterie et bloc-batterie le comprenant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023018058A1
WO2023018058A1 PCT/KR2022/010756 KR2022010756W WO2023018058A1 WO 2023018058 A1 WO2023018058 A1 WO 2023018058A1 KR 2022010756 W KR2022010756 W KR 2022010756W WO 2023018058 A1 WO2023018058 A1 WO 2023018058A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layer
battery
current
conductor layer
resistance value
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/KR2022/010756
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
최명기
Original Assignee
최선희
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 최선희 filed Critical 최선희
Publication of WO2023018058A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023018058A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/574—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
    • H01M50/581—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current in response to temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H5/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection
    • H02H5/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/18—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for batteries; for accumulators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a battery protector and a battery pack including the same, and more particularly, when configuring a battery pack by connecting a plurality of unit batteries in series, a battery protector is installed in a unit battery so that a current path is changed according to temperature.
  • the present invention relates to a battery protector capable of preventing malfunction or failure of a battery pack due to overheating of an overheated unit battery by excluding an overheated unit battery, and a battery pack including the same.
  • a battery refers to a device that can be used as a power source by generating direct current electromotive force by chemical action, composed of positive and negative electrode plates and an electrolyte solution.
  • -It is a device that converts into electrical energy by reduction reaction.
  • These batteries are divided into primary batteries that cannot be recharged after use and secondary batteries that can be recharged and used again when the voltage drops below the usage range.
  • the negative electrode of the battery is usually a material that gives electrons and is oxidized
  • the positive electrode is a material that receives electrons and is reduced.
  • the electric circuit is completed inside the electrolyte by material movement of negative ions and positive ions in the direction of the cathode and anode.
  • a primary battery is a battery that cannot be recharged because the opposite reaction cannot occur
  • a secondary battery is a battery that can be recharged and returned to its original chemical state.
  • the secondary battery is reusable, is easy to manufacture in a small size, and has many advantages such as light weight.
  • oxygen gas is generated at the anode, lithium metal is precipitated at the cathode, and the electrolyte turns into a gas. It can be decomposed, and if such a reaction continues, there is a high risk of explosion or fire.
  • lithium batteries lithium ion batteries and lithium polymer batteries
  • the temperature inside the battery rapidly rises due to external mechanical shock, thermal environment change, and electrical connection, causing the battery to expand. and explosions occur.
  • a protection circuit such as a protection circuit module (PCM) is used in most secondary batteries.
  • the PCM performs the functions of overcurrent protection, overcharge protection, overdischarge protection, and short circuit protection during charging and discharging of the battery.
  • PCM is composed of active elements such as IC or FET and passive elements such as resistors and capacitors.
  • the controller judges a value input from a voltage sensor or a temperature sensor and controls the protection circuit unit and the charge/discharge unit to protect the secondary battery.
  • the unit price is high due to the voltage sensors and temperature sensors, and the circuit is very complicated because the excessive current is discharged through the discharge unit by determining the value input from the sensors.
  • this protection circuit blocks charging and discharging of the battery pack and then operates again after the battery pack is lowered to a stable temperature. This causes not only inconvenience in use, but also a risk of secondary accidents due to power supply being cut off.
  • the present invention has been made to improve the above problems, and an object of the present invention according to one aspect is to install a battery protector in a unit battery when configuring a battery pack by connecting a plurality of unit batteries in series, so that the current according to the temperature
  • a battery protector capable of preventing malfunction or failure of a battery pack due to overheating of an overheated unit battery by excluding an overheated unit battery by changing the path, and a battery pack including the same.
  • a battery protector includes a first conductor layer in which a first fastener for fastening to a positive electrode bracket of a unit battery is protruded; a current blocking layer stacked on the first conductor layer and having a resistance value changed according to temperature to block a current path; a second conductor layer laminated on the current blocking layer and protruding from a second fastener for connecting to another unit battery; a current pass layer laminated on the second conductor layer and having a resistance value changed according to temperature to form a current pass; and a third conductor layer laminated on the current pass layer and having a protruding third fastener for fastening with the negative electrode bracket of the unit battery.
  • the current blocking layer is characterized by including a PTC element whose resistance value increases as the temperature rises.
  • the current pass layer is characterized in that it includes an NTC element whose resistance value decreases as the temperature increases.
  • the current pass layer is composed of an NTC element layer whose resistance value decreases as the temperature rises and a PTC element layer whose resistance value increases as the temperature rises, and the NTC element layer is thicker than the PTC element layer.
  • the present invention is characterized by further comprising a pair of fixing members for fixing the laminated state of the first conductor layer, the current blocking layer, the second conductor layer, the current passing layer and the third conductor layer.
  • a battery pack including a battery protector according to an aspect of the present invention includes a plurality of unit batteries; and a plurality of battery protectors respectively disposed in the plurality of unit batteries, connecting the plurality of unit batteries in series, and changing current paths flowing to the unit batteries according to temperature;
  • a battery protector and a battery pack including the same are installed in a battery protector to change a current path according to temperature when a battery pack is configured by connecting a plurality of unit batteries in series, thereby preventing overheating. Fire and explosion due to overheating can be prevented by excluding the generated unit battery, thereby preventing malfunction or failure of the battery pack due to overheating of the overheated unit battery.
  • the present invention eliminates only the overheated unit battery and allows continuous charging and discharging through a normal unit battery, thereby solving the inconvenience of not being supplied or not being charged and power supply. It can reduce the risk of secondary accidents due to blocking.
  • FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a battery protector according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is another example of a current pass layer in a battery protector according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram illustrating an operating state of a battery protector according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a circuit configuration diagram illustrating a battery pack including a battery protector according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a battery protector according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is another example of a current pass layer in a battery protector according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is an embodiment of the present invention. It is a circuit configuration diagram for explaining the operating state of the battery protector according to.
  • the battery protector 10 includes a first conductor layer 110, a current blocking layer 120, a second conductor layer 130, and a current passing layer 140. and a third conductive layer 150.
  • the first conductive layer 110 is a conductor, and a first fastener P for fastening with the cathode bracket 22 of the unit battery 20 protrudes.
  • the current blocking layer 120 is stacked on the first conductor layer 110 and has a resistance value that changes according to temperature to block a current path.
  • the current blocking layer 120 includes a PTC element whose resistance value increases as the temperature rises, and when the unit battery 20 is overheated, the resistance value increases and blocks the current path, thereby reducing the unit battery 20.
  • the unit battery 20 may be protected by preventing current from flowing therethrough.
  • the second conductor layer 130 is stacked on the current blocking layer 120 as a conductor, and a second fastener C for connecting to another unit battery protrudes.
  • the unit batteries 20 may be connected in series by fastening with the negative electrode brackets of other unit batteries through the second fastener C of the second conductor layer 130 .
  • the current pass layer 140 is stacked on the second conductor layer 130 and may have a resistance value changed according to temperature to form a current pass.
  • the current pass layer 140 includes an NTC element whose resistance value decreases as the temperature rises to form a current path bypassing the unit battery 20, thereby connecting another unit battery connected in series to maintain a closed circuit. there is.
  • the current pass layer 140 is composed of an NTC element layer 142 whose resistance value decreases as the temperature rises and a PTC element layer 144 whose resistance value increases as the temperature rises.
  • the NTC element layer 142 may be formed thicker than the PTC element layer 144.
  • the possibility of burnout while repeating the process of current increase and heat increase due to partial overheating inside the NTC element layer 142 is suppressed, thereby preventing partial current increase through the PTC element layer 144.
  • the current distribution in the NTC element layer 142 can be made even.
  • the third conductor layer 150 is stacked on the current pass layer 140, and a third fastener N for fastening with the negative electrode bracket 24 of the unit battery 20 protrudes.
  • the battery protector 10 includes a first conductor layer 110, a current blocking layer 120, a second conductor layer 130, a current passing layer 140 and a third conductor through a pair of fixing members 160.
  • the lamination state of the layer 150 may be fixed.
  • the current pass layer 140 including the NTC element has resistance Since the value is high, a current path is not formed, and the current blocking layer 120 including the PTC element has a low resistance value, so that the current path is not blocked, so the current path is formed through the PTC element, which is the current blocking layer 120. do.
  • the resistance value of the current pass layer 140 including the NTC element decreases to form a current pass, and the current blocking layer including the PTC element ( 120) blocks the current path as the resistance value increases, so that a current path is formed through the current pass layer 140 to bypass the unit battery 20.
  • the battery protector when configuring a battery pack by connecting a plurality of unit batteries in series, the battery protector is installed in the unit battery so that the current path is changed according to the temperature, thereby preventing overheating.
  • This generated unit battery can be excluded to prevent fire and explosion due to overheating, thereby preventing malfunction or failure of the battery pack due to overheating of the unit battery in which overheating has occurred.
  • FIG. 4 is a circuit configuration diagram illustrating a battery pack including a battery protector according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a battery pack including a battery protector is arranged in a plurality of unit batteries 20 and a plurality of unit batteries 20, respectively, so that the plurality of unit batteries 20 ) may be connected in series and may include a plurality of battery protectors 10 that change the current path flowing to the unit battery 20 according to the temperature.
  • the n-th battery protector 10n includes a first conductor layer 110 in which a first fastener P for fastening to the positive bracket of the n-th unit battery 20n protrudes, and the first conductor layer 110
  • the current blocking layer 120 is laminated on top and the resistance value changes according to temperature to block the current path, and the current blocking layer 120 is laminated on top of the current blocking layer 120 and connects to the n+1th unit battery (10n+1) negative bracket.
  • the second conductor layer 130 with protruding fasteners (C), the current pass layer 140 laminated on the second conductor layer 130 and forming a current pass by changing the resistance value according to the temperature, and the current pass layer It may include a third conductor layer 150 stacked on top of the unit battery 10n and protruding with a third fastener N for fastening to the negative electrode bracket of the unit battery 10n.
  • the current blocking layer 120 includes a PTC element (PTC #n) whose resistance value increases as the temperature rises, and when the nth unit battery 20n is overheated, the resistance value increases while blocking the current path. , the n-th unit battery 20n may be protected by preventing current from flowing through the n-th unit battery 20n.
  • PTC #n PTC element
  • the current pass layer 140 includes an NTC element (NTC #n) whose resistance value decreases as the temperature rises to form a current path bypassing the n-th unit battery 20n, thereby forming another unit battery 20n connected in series. -1, 20n+1) can be connected to maintain a closed loop.
  • NTC #n NTC element
  • the current pass layer 140 including the NTC element has a high resistance value to form a current path. Since the current blocking layer 120 including the PTC element (PTC #n) has a low resistance value and does not block the current path, the current path is the current blocking layer 120, the PTC element (PTC #n). is formed through
  • the current path of the battery pack is the PTC element (PTC #n+1) of the n+1th battery protector (10n+1), the n+1th unit battery (20n+1), and the nth battery protector ( 10n) PTC element (PTC #n), n-th unit battery (20n), n-1th PTC element (PTC #n-1) of the battery protector (10n-1) and n-1th unit battery (20n- 1) is formed.
  • the resistance value of the current pass layer 140 including the NTC element decreases to form a current path, and the PTC element Since the current blocking layer 120 including (PTC #n) blocks the current path as the resistance value increases, a current path is formed through the current pass layer 140, thereby bypassing the unit battery 20n. .
  • the current path of the battery pack is the PTC element (PTC #n+1) of the n+1th battery protector (10n+1), the n+1th unit battery (20n+1), and the nth battery protector ( 10n) of the NTC element (NTC #n), the n-1th battery protector (10n-1) of the PTC element (PTC #n-1), and the n-1th unit battery (20n-1),
  • a closed circuit may be maintained by excluding the nth unit battery 20n and forming a current path through the normal n+1th unit battery 20n+1 and the n ⁇ 1th unit battery 20n ⁇ 1.
  • the battery protector when a battery pack is configured by connecting a plurality of unit batteries in series, the battery protector is installed in the unit battery so that the current path is changed according to the temperature.
  • the battery protector By making it change, it is possible to prevent fire and explosion due to overheating by excluding the overheated unit battery, thereby preventing malfunction or failure of the battery pack due to overheating of the overheated unit battery, and
  • By eliminating only unit batteries and continuously charging and discharging through normal unit batteries it is possible to solve the inconvenience of not being supplied with power or not to be charged, and to reduce the risk of secondary accidents due to power supply cutoff. can be reduced
  • Implementations described herein may be embodied in, for example, a method or process, an apparatus, a software program, a data stream, or a signal. Even if discussed only in the context of a single form of implementation (eg, discussed only as a method), the implementation of features discussed may also be implemented in other forms (eg, an apparatus or program).
  • the device may be implemented in suitable hardware, software and firmware.
  • the method may be implemented in an apparatus such as a processor, which is generally referred to as a processing device including, for example, a computer, microprocessor, integrated circuit, programmable logic device, or the like. Processors also include communication devices such as computers, cell phones, personal digital assistants ("PDAs”) and other devices that facilitate communication of information between end-users.
  • PDAs personal digital assistants

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

Un protecteur de batterie et un bloc-batterie le comprenant sont divulgués. Le protecteur de batterie de la présente invention comprend : une première couche conductrice à partir de laquelle une première fixation destinée à être fixée à un support d'anode d'une batterie unitaire fait saillie ; une couche de blocage de courant qui est empilée sur la première couche conductrice, et dont la valeur de résistance varie en fonction des températures de telle sorte qu'un trajet de courant soit bloqué ; une deuxième couche conductrice qui est empilée sur la couche de blocage de courant, et à partir de laquelle une deuxième fixation destinée à être reliée à une autre batterie unitaire fait saillie ; une couche de trajet de courant qui est empilée sur la deuxième couche conductrice, et dont la valeur de résistance varie en fonction des températures de telle sorte qu'un trajet de courant soit formé ; et une troisième couche conductrice qui est empilée sur la couche de passage de courant, et à partir de laquelle une troisième fixation destinée à être fixée au support de cathode de la batterie unitaire fait saillie.
PCT/KR2022/010756 2021-08-13 2022-07-22 Protecteur de batterie et bloc-batterie le comprenant WO2023018058A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR10-2021-0107018 2021-08-13
KR1020210107018A KR102419323B1 (ko) 2021-08-13 2021-08-13 배터리 보호기 및 이를 포함하는 배터리 팩

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WO2023018058A1 true WO2023018058A1 (fr) 2023-02-16

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WO (1) WO2023018058A1 (fr)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR102419323B1 (ko) * 2021-08-13 2022-07-12 최선희 배터리 보호기 및 이를 포함하는 배터리 팩

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20060106336A (ko) * 2005-04-08 2006-10-12 유니썸테크놀로지 주식회사 보호회로 및 이를 포함하는 전지 팩
JP2009539103A (ja) * 2006-06-02 2009-11-12 韓國電子通信研究院 急激なｍｉｔ素子を利用したプログラム可能なｍｉｔセンサ及びそのｍｉｔセンサを備えた警報機及び二次電池の爆発防止回路
KR20110135289A (ko) * 2010-06-10 2011-12-16 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 배터리 보호회로 및 이의 제어방법
KR20150141824A (ko) * 2014-06-10 2015-12-21 주식회사 아이티엠반도체 과전류로부터 배터리를 보호하는 장치
KR20170062857A (ko) * 2015-11-30 2017-06-08 주식회사 엘지화학 Ptc 소자를 이용한 배터리 셀 보호 시스템 및 방법
KR102419323B1 (ko) * 2021-08-13 2022-07-12 최선희 배터리 보호기 및 이를 포함하는 배터리 팩

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20060106336A (ko) * 2005-04-08 2006-10-12 유니썸테크놀로지 주식회사 보호회로 및 이를 포함하는 전지 팩
JP2009539103A (ja) * 2006-06-02 2009-11-12 韓國電子通信研究院 急激なｍｉｔ素子を利用したプログラム可能なｍｉｔセンサ及びそのｍｉｔセンサを備えた警報機及び二次電池の爆発防止回路
KR20110135289A (ko) * 2010-06-10 2011-12-16 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 배터리 보호회로 및 이의 제어방법
KR20150141824A (ko) * 2014-06-10 2015-12-21 주식회사 아이티엠반도체 과전류로부터 배터리를 보호하는 장치
KR20170062857A (ko) * 2015-11-30 2017-06-08 주식회사 엘지화학 Ptc 소자를 이용한 배터리 셀 보호 시스템 및 방법
KR102419323B1 (ko) * 2021-08-13 2022-07-12 최선희 배터리 보호기 및 이를 포함하는 배터리 팩

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