WO2023016467A1 - 一种减少地铁走行轨供电回流产生迷流的方法 - Google Patents

一种减少地铁走行轨供电回流产生迷流的方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023016467A1
WO2023016467A1 PCT/CN2022/111226 CN2022111226W WO2023016467A1 WO 2023016467 A1 WO2023016467 A1 WO 2023016467A1 CN 2022111226 W CN2022111226 W CN 2022111226W WO 2023016467 A1 WO2023016467 A1 WO 2023016467A1
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Prior art keywords
running rail
connecting line
connection unit
filter connection
contactor
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PCT/CN2022/111226
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
史蒂文·庞
马俊
Original Assignee
史蒂文·庞
大卫·马
马俊
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Application filed by 史蒂文·庞, 大卫·马, 马俊 filed Critical 史蒂文·庞
Priority to JP2024508767A priority Critical patent/JP2024531255A/ja
Priority to EP22855448.1A priority patent/EP4385810A1/en
Publication of WO2023016467A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023016467A1/zh

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60MPOWER SUPPLY LINES, AND DEVICES ALONG RAILS, FOR ELECTRICALLY- PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60M5/00Arrangements along running rails or at joints thereof for current conduction or insulation, e.g. safety devices for reducing earth currents
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60MPOWER SUPPLY LINES, AND DEVICES ALONG RAILS, FOR ELECTRICALLY- PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60M3/00Feeding power to supply lines in contact with collector on vehicles; Arrangements for consuming regenerative power

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to and is applicable to the power supply system of the rail return used by the subway trains powered by direct current.
  • the scheme in the invention can effectively reduce the stray current harmonic components generated by the harmonics brought by the inverter switch circuit of the train to the running track itself. External leakage, and electrochemical corrosion will endanger other facilities and equipment.
  • the existing technology is to try to reduce the misty flow, including: reducing the potential of the running rail, strengthening the ground insulation of the DC power supply equipment and the running rail, setting up a collection net for the misty flow, shielding layer by layer, and using the first passage of the misty flow (that is, the ballast bed structure steel bars) to form the first shielding net to prevent the maze from leaking to the outside of the ballast bed; to connect the steel bars of the tunnel structure to form a second shielding net to prevent the maze from leaking to the outside of the tunnel and endangering other facilities, but these measures still cannot solve the maze The issue of leakage.
  • the inverter of the train is a switching circuit composed of IGBTs
  • the fundamental wave of the train just started is close to a sine wave
  • a square wave instead of half a sine wave there is also a convergence process of abnormal oscillation at these transition points, so the three phases cannot be balanced at the same time, and the same is true for the actual measurement. Therefore, the leakage flow is composed of two components of direct current and alternating current, and the running track is tens of kilometers long, forming a large capacitance with the bus bar and the steel structure network of the ballast bed.
  • a large C value is similar to a short circuit to ground, and after the mist flows to the next-level shielding network, it is still a harmonic component, which still forms an external leakage, which is an important reason why the mist flow cannot be controlled.
  • the peak return current of a commonly used 6-car marshalling train can reach 3000 amperes. Although the stray current only accounts for a small part, its absolute value is still not small, and the harmonic components in the stray current are more harmful. After the train runs, the track heats up or is wet (water will evaporate), the pure resistance of the track and the rail foundation will increase and the DC component of the stray flow will decrease, while the AC component of the stray flow will not change.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to perform feasible and effective filtering on the running rail itself for the first time, reducing the harmonic component of the backflow of the rail itself from the source, thereby reducing the leakage of stray currents.
  • the technical method that the present invention takes is:
  • a method to reduce the stray flow caused by the return flow of the subway running rail power supply It adopts and implements a filtering method for the return harmonic component of the running rail itself as the source of the stray flow. While keeping the physical rail of the running rail continuous, the parallel inductor is used.
  • supercapacitor IGBT switch, contactor connection branch, through the control of IGBT switch and contactor contact, the supercapacitor is discharged, forming a positive current flow of voltage blocking parallel rail section, forcing the current to go through the inductance, supercapacitor , IGBT switches, and contactors are connected in parallel to effectively filter the harmonic components of the return current; when the physical rail of the running rail is discontinuous, an insulated joint is used to parallel the inductor at the same time to effectively filter the harmonic components of the return current. filtering.
  • a system for reducing stray flow caused by power supply backflow of subway running rails comprising a filter connection unit 1, a filter connection unit 2 (selective use), and a filter connection unit 3;
  • the filter connection unit 1 is electrically connected to the waist of the running rail at the tail end of the train when the train 5 stops on the station platform, and is connected in parallel with the running rail;
  • the first connecting line 101 of the running rail of the filtering connection unit 1 is connected to the running rail at the running rail at the tail end of the train when the train 5 stops on the station platform, and is connected to the negative end of the substation 8 through the running rail;
  • the filtering connecting unit The second connecting line 102 of the running rail of 1 is connected to the running rail at the running rail at the tail end of the train when the train 5 stops at the station platform, and is connected to the negative end of the substation 7 through the running rail to form a parallel branch;
  • the filter connection unit 2 is electrically connected to the waist of the running rail at the head end of the train when the train 5 stops on the station platform, and is connected in parallel with the running rail;
  • the first connecting line 201 of the running rail of the filtering connection unit 2 is connected to the running rail at the running rail at the head end of the train when the train 5 stops on the station platform, and is connected to the negative end of the substation 8 through the running rail;
  • the filtering connecting unit The second connecting line 202 of the running rail of 2 is connected to the running rail at the running rail at the head end of the train when the train 5 stops on the station platform, and is connected to the negative end of the substation 7 through the running rail to form a parallel branch;
  • the filter connection unit 3 is electrically connected to the waist of the running rail at the moment when the train 5 accelerates and enters a constant speed state, and is connected in parallel with the running rail;
  • the first connecting line 301 of the running rail of the filtering connection unit 3 is connected to the running rail at the running rail at the moment when the train 5 accelerates and enters a constant speed state, and is connected to the negative end of the substation 8 through the running rail;
  • the second connecting line 302 of the running rail of 3 is connected to the running rail at the running rail at the moment when the train 5 accelerates and enters a constant speed state, and is connected to the negative terminal of the substation 7 through the running rail to form a parallel branch.
  • the filter connection unit 1, the filter connection unit 2 (selective use), and the filter connection unit 3 are connected to the running rail respectively, and are independent operating equipment, and are not connected to each other;
  • the method of the present invention for reducing the power supply backflow of subway running rails to produce stray flow includes: technical solution one of the present invention, technical solution two of the present invention, technical solution three of the present invention, and technical solution four of the present invention. It is a practical technical solution to filter the backflow of the rail itself, and it is selected and applied according to the actual situation.
  • Technical solution 1 of the present invention includes: filter connection unit 1 of solution 1 (see Figure 3 (a)), filter connection unit 2 of solution 1 (selective use, see Figure 4 (a)), filter connection unit of solution 1 3 (see Figure 5(a));
  • the filter connection unit 1 of the scheme 1 includes: the first connecting line 101 end of the running rail, the inductor L 111 , the supercapacitor C 111 , the contactor normally open contact KM 111 , the contactor normally closed contact KM 112 , the contactor normally closed Open contact KM 113 , contactor normally closed contact KM 114 , bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 111 , the second connecting line 102 of the running rail, including the internal resistance R 111 of the parallel section of the running rail, the inductance L 111 and the supercapacitor C 111 series internal resistance R 112 ;
  • end 101 of the first connecting line of the running rail is welded to end 103 of inductance L 111 at the waist of the running rail
  • end 104 of inductance L 111 is connected to end 105 of normally open contact KM 111 of the contactor, and is normally closed with the contactor
  • Terminal 106 of the contact KM 114 is connected in parallel to form a parallel connection.
  • Terminal 107 of the normally open contact KM 111 of the contactor is connected to the positive terminal 108 of the supercapacitor C 111 , and then connected to terminal 109 of the normally closed contact KM 112 of the contactor.
  • Terminal 111 of the closed contact KM 114 is connected to the negative terminal 112 of the supercapacitor C 111 , and then connected to terminal 113 of the normally open contact KM 113 of the contactor, and terminal 110 of the normally closed contact KM 112 of the contactor is connected to the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch
  • Terminal 115 of Q 111 is connected and connected with terminal 114 of the normally open contact KM 113 of the contactor to form a parallel connection
  • terminal 116 of the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 111 is connected to terminal 102 of the second connecting line of the running rail;
  • the running rail itself between the end of the first connecting line 101 of the running rail and the end of the second connecting line 102 of the running rail remains physically continuous and unchanged, including the internal resistance R 111 of the parallel section of the running rail , the end of the first connecting line 101 of the running rail is connected to one end of the internal resistance R 111 of the parallel section of the running rail, and the end of the second connecting line 102 of the running rail is connected to the other end of the internal resistance R 111 of the parallel section of the running rail;
  • the welding connection between the end of the first connecting line 101 of the running rail and the end of the second connecting line 102 of the running rail and the running rail is brazing;
  • the function of the inductance L 111 is to block the harmonic component of the backflow
  • the function of the supercapacitor C 111 is to store and discharge energy
  • the contactor normally open contact KM 111 is to store and discharge energy
  • the contactor normally open contact KM 111 is to store and discharge energy
  • the function of the normally open contact KM 113 of the contactor and the normally closed contact KM 114 of the contactor is to adjust the direction of the current flowing through the supercapacitor C 111
  • the inductance L 111 and the supercapacitor C 111 are connected in series, including the total internal resistance R 112
  • the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 111 has intelligent control capability, and is controlled by the control chip.
  • the function is to control the forward and reverse flow of current, and adjust the possible overvoltage and overcurrent of the supercapacitor C 111 during energy storage and discharge. protection, the unit is generally connected with a small number of cables.
  • the filter connection unit 2 of the scheme 1 includes: the first connecting line 201 end of the running rail, the inductor L 121 , the supercapacitor C 121 , the contactor normally open contact KM 121 , the contactor normally closed contact KM 122 , the contactor normally closed Open contact KM 123 , contactor normally closed contact KM 124 , bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 121 , the second connecting line 202 of the running rail, including the internal resistance R 121 of the parallel section of the running rail, the inductance L 121 and the supercapacitor C 121 series internal resistance R 122 ;
  • end 201 of the first connecting line of the running rail is welded to end 203 of inductance L 121 at the waist of the running rail
  • end 204 of inductance L 121 is connected to end 205 of normally open contact KM 121 of the contactor, and is normally closed with the contactor
  • Terminal 206 of the contact KM 124 is connected in parallel to form a parallel connection.
  • Terminal 207 of the normally open contact KM 121 of the contactor is connected to the positive terminal 208 of the supercapacitor C 121 , and then connected to terminal 209 of the normally closed contact KM 122 of the contactor.
  • Terminal 211 of the closed contact KM 124 is connected to the negative terminal 212 of the supercapacitor C 121 , and then connected to terminal 213 of the normally open contact KM 123 of the contactor, and terminal 210 of the normally closed contact KM 122 of the contactor is connected to the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Terminal 215 of Q 121 is connected and connected with terminal 214 of the normally open contact KM 123 of the contactor to form a parallel connection, and terminal 216 of the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 121 is connected to terminal 202 of the second connecting line of the running rail;
  • the running rail itself between the end of the first connecting line 201 of the running rail and the second connecting line 202 of the running rail remains physically continuous and unchanged, including the internal resistance R 121 of the parallel section of the running rail , the end of the first connecting line 201 of the running rail is connected to one end of the internal resistance R 121 of the parallel section of the running rail, and the end of the second connecting line 202 of the running rail is connected to the other end of the internal resistance R 121 of the parallel section of the running rail;
  • the welding connection between the end of the first connecting line 201 of the running rail and the end of the second connecting line 202 of the running rail and the running rail is brazing;
  • the function of the inductance L 121 is to block the harmonic component of the backflow
  • the function of the supercapacitor C 121 is to store energy and discharge
  • the contactor normally open contact KM 121 is to store energy and discharge
  • the contactor normally open contact KM 121 is to adjust the direction of the current flowing through the supercapacitor C 121
  • the inductance L 121 and the supercapacitor C 121 are connected in series, including the total internal resistance R 122
  • the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 121 has intelligent control capability, and it is controlled by the control chip.
  • the function is to control the forward and reverse flow of current, and adjust the possible overvoltage and overcurrent of the supercapacitor C 121 during energy storage and discharge. protection, the unit is generally connected with a small number of cables.
  • the filter connection unit 3 of the scheme 1 includes: the end of the first connecting line 301 of the running rail, the inductor L 131 , the supercapacitor C 131 , the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 131 , and the end of the second connecting line 302 of the running rail, which includes the end of the running rail
  • the internal resistance R 131 of the parallel section, the inductance L 131 and the supercapacitor C 131 are connected in series with the internal resistance R 132 ;
  • end 301 of the first connecting line of the running rail is welded to end 303 of inductance L 131 at the waist of the running rail
  • end 304 of inductance L 131 is connected to negative end 305 of supercapacitor C 131
  • positive end 306 of supercapacitor C 131 is connected to bidirectional guide
  • the 307 end of the IGBT switch Q 131 is connected, and the 308 end of the bidirectional IGBT switch Q 131 is connected to the second connecting line 302 end of the running rail;
  • the running rail itself between the end of the first connecting line 301 of the running rail and the end of the second connecting line 302 of the running rail remains physically continuous and unchanged, including the internal resistance R 131 of the parallel section of the running rail , the end of the first connecting line 301 of the running rail is connected to one end of the internal resistance R 131 of the parallel section of the running rail, and the end of the second connecting line 302 of the running rail is connected to the other end of the internal resistance R 131 of the parallel section of the running rail;
  • the welding connection between the end of the first connecting line 301 of the running rail and the end of the second connecting line 302 of the running rail and the running rail is brazing;
  • the function of the inductor L 131 is to block the harmonic component of the backflow , and the function of the super capacitor C 131 is to store and discharge energy. 131 has intelligent control capability, and it is controlled by the control chip. The function is to control the positive and negative flow of current, and to regulate and protect the possible overvoltage and overcurrent of the supercapacitor C 131 during energy storage and discharge. cables; on the basis of the above solution, the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch can be replaced by a contactor.
  • the technical solution 2 of the present invention comprises: the filter connection unit 1 of the solution 2, the filter connection unit 2 of the solution 2 (selective use), the filter connection unit 3 of the solution 2;
  • the filter connection unit 1 of the second scheme includes: the end of the first connecting line 101 of the running rail, the insulating joint J 211 , the inductor L 211 , and the end of the second connecting line 102 of the running rail, which includes the internal resistance R 211 of the inductor L 211 ;
  • the first connection line 101 of the running rail is connected to the 119 end of the inductance L 211 by welding at the waist of the running rail, and connected to the 117 end of the insulating joint J 211 , and the 120 end of the inductance L 211 is connected to the second end of the running rail.
  • Connecting line 102 end, while the second connecting line 102 end of the running rail is connected to end 118 of insulating joint J 211 ;
  • the insulating joint J 211 is connected to the non-physical rail continuation of the running rail, that is, the conductive isolation between the 117 end of the insulating joint J 211 and the 118 end of the insulating joint J 211 is to block the first connection of the running rail The current loop between the line 101 end and the second connecting line 102 end of the running rail;
  • the welding connection between the end of the first connecting line 101 of the running rail and the end of the second connecting line 102 of the running rail and the running rail is brazing;
  • the function of the inductance L 211 is to block the harmonic component of the back current, and the units are connected with a small number of cables as a whole.
  • the filter connection unit 2 of the second scheme includes: the first connecting line 201 end of the running rail, the insulating joint J 221 , the inductor L 221 , and the second connecting line 202 end of the running rail, which includes the internal resistance R 221 of the inductor L 221 ;
  • the first connection line 201 of the running rail is connected to the 219 end of the inductance L 221 at the waist of the running rail by welding, and is connected to the 217 end of the insulating joint J 221 , and the 220 end of the inductance L 221 is connected to the second end of the running rail.
  • Connecting line 202 end, while the second connecting line 202 end of the running rail is connected to the 218 end of the insulating joint J 221 ;
  • the insulating joint J 221 is connected to the continuous part of the non-physical rail of the running rail, that is, the conductive isolation between the 217 end of the insulating joint J 221 and the 218 end of the insulating joint J 221 blocks the first connection of the running rail The current loop between the end of the line 201 and the second connecting line 202 of the running rail;
  • the welding connection between the end of the first connecting line 201 of the running rail and the end of the second connecting line 202 of the running rail and the running rail is brazing;
  • the function of the inductance L 221 is to block the harmonic component of the back current, and the units are connected with a small number of cables as a whole.
  • the filter connection unit 3 of the second scheme includes: the end of the first connecting line 301 of the running rail, the insulating joint J 231 , the inductance L 231 , and the end of the second connecting line 302 of the running rail, which includes the internal resistance R 231 of the inductance L 231 ;
  • the first connection line 301 of the running rail is connected to the 311 end of the inductance L 231 at the waist of the running rail by welding, and is connected to the 309 end of the insulating joint J 231 , and the 312 end of the inductance L 231 is connected to the second end of the running rail.
  • Connecting wire 302 end, and the second connecting wire 302 end of the running rail is connected with the 310 end of the insulating joint J 231 at the same time;
  • the insulating joint J 231 is connected to the non-physical rail continuation of the running rail, that is, the conductive isolation between the 309 end of the insulating joint J 231 and the 310 end of the insulating joint J 231 , blocking the first connection of the running rail The current loop between the line 301 end and the second connecting line 302 end of the running rail;
  • the welding connection between the end of the first connecting line 301 of the running rail and the end of the second connecting line 302 of the running rail and the running rail is brazing;
  • the function of the inductance L 231 is to block the harmonic component of the back current, and the units are connected with a small number of cables as a whole.
  • the third technical solution of the present invention includes: the filtering connection unit 1 of the third solution, the filtering connection unit 2 of the third solution (selective use), and the filtering connection unit 3 of the third solution;
  • the filter connection unit 1 of the third scheme includes: the first connecting line 101 end of the running rail, the inductor L 311 , and the second connecting line 102 end of the running rail, including the internal resistance R 311 of the parallel section of the running rail and the internal resistance of the inductor L 311 R 312 ;
  • the first connection line 101 of the running rail is connected to the end 121 of the inductance L 311 by welding at the waist of the running rail, and the end 122 of the inductance L 311 is connected to the second connection line 102 of the running rail;
  • the running rail itself between the end of the first connecting line 101 of the running rail and the end of the second connecting line 102 of the running rail remains physically continuous and unchanged, including the internal resistance R 311 of the parallel section of the running rail , the end of the first connecting line 101 of the running rail is connected to one end of the internal resistance R 311 of the parallel section of the running rail, and the end of the second connecting line 102 of the running rail is connected to the other end of the internal resistance R 311 of the parallel section of the running rail;
  • the welding connection between the end of the first connecting line 101 of the running rail and the end of the second connecting line 102 of the running rail and the running rail is brazing;
  • the function of the inductance L 311 is to block the harmonic component of the back current, and the units are connected with a small number of cables as a whole.
  • the filter connection unit 2 of the third scheme includes: the first connecting line 201 of the running rail, the inductor L 321 , and the second connecting line 202 of the running rail, including the internal resistance R 321 of the parallel section of the running rail and the internal resistance of the inductor L 321 R 322 ;
  • first connection line 201 of the running rail is connected to the end 221 of the inductance L 321 by welding at the waist of the running rail, and the end 222 of the inductance L 321 is connected to the second connection line 202 of the running rail;
  • the running rail itself between the end of the first connecting line 201 of the running rail and the second connecting line 202 of the running rail remains physically continuous and unchanged, including the internal resistance R 321 of the parallel section of the running rail , the end of the first connecting line 201 of the running rail is connected to one end of the internal resistance R 321 of the parallel section of the running rail, and the end of the second connecting line 202 of the running rail is connected to the other end of the internal resistance R 321 of the parallel section of the running rail;
  • the welding connection between the end of the first connecting line 201 of the running rail and the end of the second connecting line 202 of the running rail and the running rail is brazing;
  • the function of the inductance L 321 is to block the harmonic component of the backflow, and the units are connected with a small number of cables as a whole.
  • the filter connection unit 3 of the third scheme includes: the first connecting line 301 end of the running rail, the inductor L 331 , and the second connecting line 302 end of the running rail, including the internal resistance R 331 of the parallel section of the running rail and the internal resistance of the inductor L 331 R 332 ;
  • the end 301 of the first connecting line of the running rail is connected to the end 313 of the inductance L 331 by welding at the waist of the running rail, and the end 314 of the inductance L 331 is connected to the second connecting line 302 of the running rail;
  • the running rail itself between the end of the first connecting line 301 of the running rail and the end of the second connecting line 302 of the running rail remains physically continuous and unchanged, including the internal resistance R 331 of the parallel section of the running rail , the end of the first connecting line 301 of the running rail is connected to one end of the internal resistance R 331 of the parallel section of the running rail, and the end of the second connecting line 302 of the running rail is connected to the other end of the internal resistance R 331 of the parallel section of the running rail;
  • the welding connection between the end of the first connecting line 301 of the running rail and the end of the second connecting line 302 of the running rail and the running rail is brazing;
  • the function of the inductance L 331 is to block the harmonic component of the back current, and the units are connected with a small number of cables as a whole.
  • the fourth technical solution of the present invention is formed on the basis of the first technical solution of the present invention, combined with the third technical solution of the present invention, and applied in combination;
  • the filter connection unit 1 of the scheme one is still welded to form the first parallel branch by the first connecting line 101 end of the running rail, the second connecting line 102 end of the running rail and the running rail, and the filtering connection unit 1 of the scheme three is placed in the scheme
  • the periphery of the filtering connection unit 1 is welded and connected to the running rail by welding the third connecting line 141 end of the running rail and the fourth connecting line 142 of the running rail.
  • a bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 411 is added between terminals 142 to form a second parallel branch;
  • the third connection line 141 of the running rail is connected to the 143 end of the inductance L 411 , the 144 end of the inductance L 411 is connected to the 145 end of the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 411, and the 146 end of the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 411 is connected to the 146 end of the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 411
  • the fourth connecting line 142 of the running rail is connected;
  • the welding connection between the end of the third connecting line 141 of the running rail and the end of the fourth connecting line 142 of the running rail and the running rail is brazing;
  • the overall continuity of the running rail is still physically maintained between the end of the third connecting line 141 of the running rail and the end of the fourth connecting line 142 of the running rail, including the internal resistance R 411 of the parallel section of the running rail, The internal resistance R 412 of the parallel section of the running rail;
  • the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 421 has intelligent control capability, and it is controlled by the control chip. Disconnect, so that the capacitor C 111 is charged under the voltage formed in the internal resistance R 111 section of the parallel section of the running rail.
  • the filter connection unit 2 of the scheme one is still welded to form the first parallel branch by the first connection line 201 end of the running rail, the second connection line 202 end of the running rail and the running rail, and the filter connection unit 2 of the scheme three is placed in the scheme
  • the periphery of the filter connection unit 2 is welded to the running rail by welding the third connecting line 241 end of the running rail and the fourth connecting line 242 of the running rail.
  • a bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 421 is added between terminals 242 to form a second parallel branch;
  • the third connection line 241 of the running rail is connected to the 243 end of the inductance L 421 , the 244 end of the inductance L 421 is connected to the 245 end of the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 421 , and the 246 end of the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 421 is connected to the end 243 of the inductance L 421.
  • the fourth connecting line 242 of the running rail is connected;
  • the welding connection between the end of the third connecting line 241 of the running rail and the end of the fourth connecting line 242 of the running rail and the running rail is brazing;
  • the overall continuity of the running rail is still physically maintained between the end of the third connecting line 241 of the running rail and the end of the fourth connecting line 242 of the running rail, including the internal resistance R 421 of the parallel section of the running rail, The internal resistance R 422 of the parallel section of the running rail;
  • the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 421 has intelligent control capability, and it is controlled by the control chip. Disconnect, so that the capacitor C 121 is charged under the voltage formed in the internal resistance R 121 section of the parallel section of the running rail.
  • the filter connection unit 3 of the scheme one is still welded to form the first parallel branch by the first connection line 301 end of the running rail, the second connection line 302 end of the running rail and the running rail, and the filter connection unit 3 of the scheme three is placed in the scheme
  • the periphery of the filtering connection unit 3 is welded to the running rail by the end of the third connecting line 341 of the running rail, the end of the fourth connecting line 342 of the running rail, and the inductance L 431 (including internal resistance R 433 ) and the fourth connecting line of the running rail
  • a bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 431 is added between terminals 342 to form a second parallel branch;
  • the third connection line 341 of the running rail is connected to the 343 end of the inductance L 431 , the 344 end of the inductance L 431 is connected to the 345 end of the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 431, and the 346 end of the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 431 is connected to the 346 end of the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 431 .
  • the fourth connecting line 342 of the running rail is connected;
  • the welding connection between the end of the third connecting line 341 of the running rail and the end of the fourth connecting line 342 of the running rail and the running rail is brazing;
  • the overall continuity of the running rail is still physically maintained between the end of the third connecting line 341 of the running rail and the end of the fourth connecting line 342 of the running rail, including the internal resistance R 431 of the parallel section of the running rail, The internal resistance R 432 of the parallel section of the running rail;
  • the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 431 has intelligent control capability, and it is controlled by the control chip. Disconnect, so that the capacitor C 131 is charged under the voltage formed in the internal resistance R 131 section of the parallel section of the running rail; on the basis of the above scheme, the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch can be replaced by a contactor.
  • the present invention adopts and implements a filtering method for the return track of the stray source for the first time, which can greatly extend the steel bars of the subway structure and the surrounding buried metal pipes, the outer skin of communication cables, and even the foundation cement of the surrounding buildings.
  • the service life of steel bars is improved, thereby improving their safety and reliability, which has huge economic and social effects and a worldwide promotion market.
  • the technical solution 1 of the present invention, the technical solution 3 of the present invention, and the technical solution 4 of the present invention can maintain the status quo of the existing physical continuous track, without any modification to the running lines, and greatly reduce the cost of use;
  • connection unit 1 filter connection unit 2
  • filter connection unit 3 the technology used in the present invention is to reduce the harmonic components of the stray flow by taking filtering measures on the running track itself, so that the harmonic components of the return flow output by the train during the entire acceleration process
  • the components are filtered, and outside the range of the filter connection unit 1 to the filter connection unit 3, the harmonic components of the stray flow are reduced to the minimum.
  • the filter connection unit 2 is set to reduce the return harmonic components to form a confusion when the train enters synchronous modulation. The influence of the flow on the station.
  • Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an existing anti-masking technical solution.
  • Fig. 2(a) is a schematic diagram of the system structure of the method for reducing the stray flow generated by the power supply backflow of the subway running rail according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 2(b) is a schematic diagram of the present invention when a train enters a station and is electrically braked.
  • Fig. 2(c) is a schematic diagram of the present invention when the train starts running.
  • Fig. 2(d) is a schematic diagram of the present invention before the train accelerates and enters a constant speed state.
  • FIG. 3( a ) is a structural schematic diagram of the filter connection unit 1 of the technical solution 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3(b) is a current flow diagram of the filter connection unit 1 of the technical solution 1 of the present invention when the switch is turned on when the train enters the station for electric braking.
  • Fig. 3(c) is a current flow diagram of the filter connection unit 1 of the technical solution 1 of the present invention when the train starts to run until the train accelerates and enters a constant speed state.
  • FIG. 4( a ) is a schematic structural diagram of the filter connection unit 2 of the technical solution 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4(b) is a current flow diagram of the filter connection unit 2 of the technical solution 1 of the present invention when the switch is turned on when the train enters the station for electric braking.
  • Fig. 4(c) is a current flow diagram of the filter connection unit 2 of the technical solution 1 of the present invention when the switch is turned on when the train starts running.
  • Fig. 4(d) is a current flow diagram of the switch conduction of the filter connection unit 2 of the technical solution 1 of the present invention before the train accelerates and enters a constant speed state.
  • FIG. 5( a ) is a schematic structural diagram of the filter connection unit 3 of the technical solution 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5(b) is a current flow diagram of the filter connection unit 3 of the technical solution 1 of the present invention when the switch is turned on when the train enters the station for electric braking.
  • Fig. 5(c) is a current flow diagram of the filter connection unit 3 of the technical solution 1 of the present invention when the train starts running until the train accelerates and enters a constant speed state.
  • Fig. 6(a) is a schematic diagram of the unit structure of the second technical solution of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6(b) is a diagram of the current flow of all connection units in the second technical solution of the present invention when the train starts running.
  • Fig. 6(c) is a diagram of the current flow of all connecting units in the second technical solution of the present invention before the train accelerates and enters a state of constant speed.
  • Fig. 7(a) is a schematic structural diagram of the connection unit of the third technical solution of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7(b) is a diagram of the current flow of all connection units in the third technical solution of the present invention when the train starts running.
  • Fig. 7(c) is a diagram of the current flow of all connecting units in the third technical solution of the present invention before the train accelerates and enters a constant speed state.
  • Fig. 8 is a structural schematic diagram of the connection unit of the fourth technical solution of the present invention.
  • the present invention adopts and implements a filtering method for the backflow harmonic components of the running rail itself as a stray current source, and uses parallel inductors, supercapacitors, IGBT switches, and contactors to connect the branch while keeping the physical rails of the running rail continuous.
  • the supercapacitor is discharged to form a forward flow of the voltage blocking the parallel rail section, forcing the current to go through the parallel branch composed of the inductor, the supercapacitor, the IGBT switch and the contactor in series.
  • the insulated joints are used to parallel the inductor at the same time, and the harmonic components of the return flow are effectively filtered.
  • Fig. 2 (a) is a schematic diagram of the system structure of the method for reducing the stray flow generated by the power supply backflow of the subway running rail according to the present invention, including: a filter connection unit 1, a filter connection unit 2 (selective use), and a filter connection unit 3.
  • the filter connection unit 1 is electrically connected to the waist of the running rail at the tail end of the train when the train 5 stops on the station platform, and is connected in parallel with the running rail;
  • the first connecting line 101 of the running rail of the filtering connection unit 1 is connected to the running rail at the running rail at the tail end of the train when the train 5 stops on the station platform, and is connected to the negative end of the substation 8 through the running rail;
  • the filtering connecting unit The second connecting line 102 of the running rail of 1 is connected to the running rail at the running rail at the tail end of the train when the train 5 stops at the station platform, and is connected to the negative end of the substation 7 through the running rail to form a parallel branch;
  • the filter connection unit 2 is electrically connected to the waist of the running rail at the head end of the train when the train 5 stops on the station platform, and is connected in parallel with the running rail;
  • the first connecting line 201 of the running rail of the filtering connection unit 2 is connected to the running rail at the running rail at the head end of the train when the train 5 stops on the station platform, and is connected to the negative end of the substation 8 through the running rail;
  • the filtering connecting unit The second connecting line 202 of the running rail of 2 is connected to the running rail at the running rail at the head end of the train when the train 5 stops on the station platform, and is connected to the negative end of the substation 7 through the running rail to form a parallel branch;
  • the filter connection unit 3 is electrically connected to the waist of the running rail at the moment when the train 5 accelerates and enters a constant speed state, and is connected in parallel with the running rail;
  • the first connecting line 301 of the running rail of the filtering connection unit 3 is connected to the running rail at the running rail at the moment when the train 5 accelerates and enters a constant speed state, and is connected to the negative end of the substation 8 through the running rail;
  • the second connecting line 302 of the running rail of 3 is connected to the running rail at the running rail at the moment when the train 5 accelerates and enters a constant speed state, and is connected to the negative terminal of the substation 7 through the running rail to form a parallel branch.
  • the filter connection unit 1, the filter connection unit 2 (selective use), and the filter connection unit 3 are connected to the running rail respectively, and are independent operating equipment, and are not connected to each other;
  • the catenary 4 supplies power to the train 5, and the train 5 performs backflow output to the running rail through the wheels 6. Since the train is moving, the traction current of the train 5 is output through the backflow of the wheels 6. The end is also moving; the train is all within the scope of the filter connection unit 1, the filter connection unit 2, and the filter connection unit 3 from stationary to the acceleration section.
  • Harmonic components so that the harmonic components of the output return flow of the train 5 during the entire acceleration process are filtered, and outside the range of the filter connection unit 1 to the filter connection unit 3, the harmonic components of the stray flow are reduced to a minimum, and the filter connection unit 2
  • the setting is to reduce the impact on the station caused by the backflow harmonic component forming a stray flow when the train enters synchronous modulation;
  • Fig. 2 (b) shows the schematic diagram of the present invention when the electric braking of the train enters the station.
  • the train 5 enters the station for electric braking, its traction motor is in the generator state.
  • the current I 11 flows from the negative terminal of the substation 7 to the train wheel 6 through the running rail.
  • This current is not formed by a switching circuit, and the harmonics are extremely small. , so the filter method is not adopted, and the current I flows through the filter connection unit 3 , the filter connection unit 2, and the filter connection unit 1 of the present invention to the wheel 6 and enters the train 5;
  • Figure 2(c) shows a schematic diagram of the present invention when the train starts running.
  • the traction motor was in the motor state.
  • the backflow I 12 was output by the train 5 through the wheels 6, flowed to the negative end of the substation 7 by the running rail, and flowed through the filter connection unit 2 of the present invention , after the filter connection unit 3 to the negative terminal of the substation 7, the backflow I13 is output by the train 5 through the wheels 6, flows to the negative terminal of the substation 8 by the running rail, flows through the filter connection unit 1 of the present invention to the negative terminal The negative terminal of the substation 8;
  • Fig. 2(d) is a schematic diagram of the present invention before accelerating and entering a constant speed state.
  • its location was just approaching the filter connection unit 3 of the present invention, and at this moment, the return flow I 12 was output by the train 5 through the wheels 6, and flowed to the negative terminal of the substation 7 by the running rail, and flowed
  • the return flow I13 is output by the train 5 through the wheels 6, flows to the negative terminal of the substation 8 by the running rail, and flows through the filter connection unit of the present invention 2.
  • technical solution one of the present invention includes: filter connection unit 1 of solution one, filter connection unit 2 of solution one (selective use), filter connection unit 3 of solution one;
  • the filter connection unit 1 of the scheme 1 includes: the first connecting line 101 end of the running rail, the inductor L 111 , the supercapacitor C 111 , the contactor normally open contact KM 111 , the contactor normally open Closed contact KM 112 , contactor normally open contact KM 113 , contactor normally closed contact KM 114 , bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 111 , the second connecting line 102 of the running rail, which includes the internal resistance R of the parallel section of the running rail 111 , inductance L 111 and supercapacitor C 111 are connected in series with internal resistance R 112 ;
  • end 101 of the first connecting line of the running rail is welded to end 103 of inductance L 111 at the waist of the running rail
  • end 104 of inductance L 111 is connected to end 105 of normally open contact KM 111 of the contactor, and is normally closed with the contactor
  • Terminal 106 of the contact KM 114 is connected in parallel to form a parallel connection.
  • Terminal 107 of the normally open contact KM 111 of the contactor is connected to the positive terminal 108 of the supercapacitor C 111 , and then connected to terminal 109 of the normally closed contact KM 112 of the contactor.
  • Terminal 111 of the closed contact KM 114 is connected to the negative terminal 112 of the supercapacitor C 111 , and then connected to terminal 113 of the normally open contact KM 113 of the contactor, and terminal 110 of the normally closed contact KM 112 of the contactor is connected to the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch
  • Terminal 115 of Q 111 is connected and connected with terminal 114 of the normally open contact KM 113 of the contactor to form a parallel connection
  • terminal 116 of the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 111 is connected to terminal 102 of the second connecting line of the running rail;
  • the running rail itself between the end of the first connecting line 101 of the running rail and the end of the second connecting line 102 of the running rail remains physically continuous and unchanged, including the internal resistance R 111 of the parallel section of the running rail , the end of the first connecting line 101 of the running rail is connected to one end of the internal resistance R 111 of the parallel section of the running rail, and the end of the second connecting line 102 of the running rail is connected to the other end of the internal resistance R 111 of the parallel section of the running rail;
  • the welding connection between the end of the first connecting line 101 of the running rail and the end of the second connecting line 102 of the running rail and the running rail is brazing;
  • the function of the inductance L 111 is to block the harmonic component of the backflow
  • the function of the supercapacitor C 111 is to store and discharge energy
  • the contactor normally open contact KM 111 is to store and discharge energy
  • the contactor normally open contact KM 111 is to store and discharge energy
  • the function of the normally open contact KM 113 of the contactor and the normally closed contact KM 114 of the contactor is to adjust the direction of the current flowing through the supercapacitor C 111
  • the inductance L 111 and the supercapacitor C 111 are connected in series, including the total internal resistance R 112
  • the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 111 has intelligent control capability, and is controlled by the control chip.
  • the function is to control the forward and reverse flow of current, and adjust the possible overvoltage and overcurrent of the supercapacitor C 111 during energy storage and discharge. protection, the unit is generally connected with a small number of cables.
  • the filter connection unit 2 of the scheme one includes: the first connecting line 201 end of the running rail, the inductor L 121 , the supercapacitor C 121 , the contactor normally open contact KM 121 , the contactor normally open Closed contact KM 122 , contactor normally open contact KM 123 , contactor normally closed contact KM 124 , bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 121 , the second connecting line 202 of the running rail, which includes the internal resistance R of the parallel section of the running rail 121 , the inductor L 121 and the supercapacitor C 121 are connected in series with the internal resistance R 122 .
  • end 201 of the first connecting line of the running rail is welded to end 203 of inductance L 121 at the waist of the running rail
  • end 204 of inductance L 121 is connected to end 205 of normally open contact KM 121 of the contactor, and is normally closed with the contactor
  • Terminal 206 of the contact KM 124 is connected in parallel to form a parallel connection.
  • Terminal 207 of the normally open contact KM 121 of the contactor is connected to the positive terminal 208 of the supercapacitor C 121 , and then connected to terminal 209 of the normally closed contact KM 122 of the contactor.
  • Terminal 211 of the closed contact KM 124 is connected to the negative terminal 212 of the supercapacitor C 121 , and then connected to terminal 213 of the normally open contact KM 123 of the contactor, and terminal 210 of the normally closed contact KM 122 of the contactor is connected to the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Terminal 215 of Q 121 is connected and connected with terminal 214 of the normally open contact KM 123 of the contactor to form a parallel connection, and terminal 216 of the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 121 is connected to terminal 202 of the second connecting line of the running rail;
  • the running rail itself between the end of the first connecting line 201 of the running rail and the second connecting line 202 of the running rail remains physically continuous and unchanged, including the internal resistance R 121 of the parallel section of the running rail , the end of the first connecting line 201 of the running rail is connected to one end of the internal resistance R 121 of the parallel section of the running rail, and the end of the second connecting line 202 of the running rail is connected to the other end of the internal resistance R 121 of the parallel section of the running rail;
  • the welding connection between the end of the first connecting line 201 of the running rail and the end of the second connecting line 202 of the running rail and the running rail is brazing;
  • the function of the inductance L 121 is to block the harmonic component of the backflow
  • the function of the supercapacitor C 121 is to store energy and discharge
  • the contactor normally open contact KM 121 is to store energy and discharge
  • the contactor normally open contact KM 121 is to adjust the direction of the current flowing through the supercapacitor C 121
  • the inductance L 121 and the supercapacitor C 121 are connected in series, including the total internal resistance R 122
  • the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 121 has intelligent control capability, and it is controlled by the control chip.
  • the function is to control the forward and reverse flow of current, and adjust the possible overvoltage and overcurrent of the supercapacitor C 121 during energy storage and discharge. protection, the unit is generally connected with a small number of cables.
  • the filter connection unit 3 of the scheme one includes: the first connecting line 301 end of the running rail, the inductor L 131 , the supercapacitor C 131 , the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 131 , the second running rail
  • the connecting line 302 end includes the internal resistance R 131 of the parallel section of the running rail, the inductance L 131 and the supercapacitor C 131 series internal resistance R 132 .
  • end 301 of the first connecting line of the running rail is welded to end 303 of inductance L 131 at the waist of the running rail
  • end 304 of inductance L 131 is connected to negative end 305 of supercapacitor C 131
  • positive end 306 of supercapacitor C 131 is connected to bidirectional guide
  • the 307 end of the IGBT switch Q 131 is connected, and the 308 end of the bidirectional IGBT switch Q 131 is connected to the second connecting line 302 end of the running rail;
  • the running rail itself between the end of the first connecting line 301 of the running rail and the end of the second connecting line 302 of the running rail remains physically continuous and unchanged, including the internal resistance R 131 of the parallel section of the running rail , the end of the first connecting line 301 of the running rail is connected to one end of the internal resistance R 131 of the parallel section of the running rail, and the end of the second connecting line 302 of the running rail is connected to the other end of the internal resistance R 131 of the parallel section of the running rail;
  • the welding connection between the end of the first connecting line 301 of the running rail and the end of the second connecting line 302 of the running rail and the running rail is brazing;
  • the function of the inductor L 131 is to block the harmonic component of the backflow
  • the function of the super capacitor C 131 is to store energy and discharge
  • the inductor L 131 and the super capacitor C 131 are connected in series, including the total internal resistance R 132
  • the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 131 has intelligent control capability, and is controlled by the control chip .
  • the units are generally connected with a small number of cables; on the basis of the above solution, the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch can be replaced by a contactor.
  • the embodiment of the technical solution one of the present invention is:
  • Fig. 3(b) shows the current flow diagram of the filter connection unit 1 of the scheme 1 when the switch is turned on when the train enters the station for electric braking.
  • the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 111 in the filter connection unit 1 of the scheme 1 conducts the circuit at this time, and the contactor normally closed contact KM 112 contacts with the contactor at the same time.
  • the normally closed contact KM 114 of the contactor is turned on, and the normally open contact KM 111 of the contactor is disconnected from the normally open contact KM 113 of the contactor.
  • the positive terminal of the capacitor C 111 and then from the negative terminal of the super capacitor C 111 through the inductor L 111 (including the internal resistance R 112 of the inductor L 111 and the super capacitor C 111 ) to the end of the first connecting line 101 of the running track, and then return to the current I 11 flow to the wheel 6, and at the same time, under the voltage formed at the internal resistance R 111 of the parallel section of the running rail, the supercapacitor C 111 is charged. 111 disconnects the circuit.
  • Fig. 3(c) shows the current flow diagram of the filter connection unit 1 in Scheme 1 when the train starts to run until the train accelerates and enters a constant speed state.
  • the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q111 in the filter connection unit 1 of the scheme 1 conducts the circuit, and the contactor is normally open at the same time.
  • the point KM 111 is connected to the normally open contact KM 113 of the contactor, the normally closed contact KM 112 of the contactor is disconnected from the normally closed contact KM 114 of the contactor, and the fully charged supercapacitor C 111 releases the current I 130 from the positive terminal It flows through the inductance L 111 , the first connecting line 101 of the running rail, the parallel section of the running rail including the internal resistance R 111 , the second connecting line 102 of the running rail, and then to the negative terminal of the supercapacitor C 111 to form a loop (including the inductance L 111 and the internal resistance R 112 of the supercapacitor C 111 to form a voltage, blocking the return current I 13 from flowing to the parallel section of the running track containing the internal resistance R 111 , forcing the return current I 13 to flow through the second connecting line 102 of the running track, the supercapacitor C 111 , the inductance L 111 , the parallel branch of the first connecting line 101 of the running rail, the
  • Fig. 4(b) shows the current flow diagram of the filter connection unit 2 in the first scheme when the switch is turned on when the train enters the station for electric braking.
  • the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 121 in the filter connection unit 2 of the scheme 1 conducts the circuit at this time, and the contactor normally closed contact KM 122 contacts with the contactor at the same time.
  • the normally closed contact KM 124 of the contactor is turned on, and the normally open contact KM 121 of the contactor is disconnected from the normally open contact KM 123 of the contactor.
  • the positive end of the capacitor C 121 , and then the negative end of the super capacitor C 121 passes through the inductance L 121 (including the inductance L 121 and the internal resistance R 122 of the super capacitor C 121 ) to the end of the first connecting line 201 of the running track, and then returns to the current I 11 It flows to the wheel 6, and at the same time, under the voltage formed at the internal resistance R 121 of the parallel section of the running rail, the supercapacitor C 121 is charged. After the charge is full, the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 121 disconnects the circuit.
  • Fig. 4(c) is a diagram showing the current flow of the filter connection unit 2 in the first solution when the train starts running.
  • the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 121 in the filter connection unit 2 of the scheme 1 conducts the circuit, and the contactor normally closed contact KM 122 is connected to the contactor normally closed
  • the contact KM 124 is turned on, the normally open contact KM 121 of the contactor is disconnected from the normally open contact KM 123 of the contactor, and the supercapacitor C 121 releases the current I 120 from the positive end to the second connecting line 202 of the running rail, including
  • the parallel section of the running rail of the internal resistance R 121 , the first connecting line 201 end of the running rail, the inductor L 121 and then to the negative end of the super capacitor C 121 form a loop (including the inductor L 121 and the internal resistance R 122 of the super capacitor C 121 ) and A voltage is formed to block the return current I 12 from
  • FIG. 4( d ) shows the current flow diagram of the switch conduction before the filter connection unit 2 of the scheme 1 accelerates and enters a constant speed state.
  • the train 5 starts and accelerates as shown in Figure 2(d) and passes over the location of the filtering connection unit 2 of Scheme 1, the track return direction becomes the opposite direction shown in Figure 2(c), and the filtering of Scheme 1
  • the normally open contact KM 121 of the contactor in connection unit 2 is connected to the normally open contact KM 123 of the contactor, and the normally closed contact KM 122 of the contactor is disconnected from the normally closed contact KM 124 of the contactor, bidirectional after a very short time difference
  • Turning on the IGBT switch Q 121 turns on the circuit, and the supercapacitor C 121 releases the current I 131 from the positive terminal to flow through the inductor L 121 , the first connecting line 201 of the running rail, the parallel section of the running rail including the internal resistance R 121 , and the second running rail.
  • connection lines 202 and then to the negative terminal of the supercapacitor C121 form a loop (including the inductance L121 and the internal resistance R122 of the supercapacitor C121 ) and form a voltage to block the return current I13 from flowing to the track containing the internal resistance R121 In the parallel section, the return current I 13 is forced to flow through the parallel branch of the second connecting line 202 of the running rail, the supercapacitor C 121 , the inductor L 121 , and the first connecting line 201 of the running track.
  • the components are filtered, and then the backflow I 13 flows to the negative terminal of the substation 8 at the first connecting line 201 end of the running rail, and the I 131 repeatedly flows through the above-mentioned parallel branch; when the train 5 accelerates and enters a constant speed state, bidirectional conduction
  • the IGBT switch Q 121 disconnects the circuit, and all contactor contacts in the unit are reset.
  • Fig. 5(b) shows the current flow diagram of the switch conduction of the filter connection unit 3 in the first scheme when the train enters the station and brakes electrically.
  • the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 131 in the filter connection unit 3 of the scheme 1 conducts the circuit, and the current I 11 separates the current I 113 to flow through the running
  • the second connection line 302 of the rail is connected to the positive terminal of the supercapacitor C131 , and then from the negative terminal of the supercapacitor C131 through the inductance L131 (including the inductance L131 and the internal resistance R132 of the supercapacitor C131 ) to the first connection of the running rail
  • the line 301 returns to the current I11 and flows to the wheel 6.
  • the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q131 is charged.
  • Fig. 5(c) shows the current flow diagram of the filter connection unit 3 in the first scheme when the train starts to run until the train accelerates and enters a constant speed state.
  • the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 131 conduction circuit in the filtering connection unit 3 of scheme one the fully charged supercapacitor C 131 releases the current I 121 from the positive end to the second connecting line 302 of the running rail, the parallel section of the running rail including the internal resistance R 131 , the first connecting line 301 of the running rail, the inductance L 131 and then to the negative side of the supercapacitor C 131
  • the extreme forms a loop (including the inductance L 131 and the internal resistance R 132 of the supercapacitor C 131 ) and forms a voltage, blocking the return current I 12 from flowing to the parallel section of the running rail containing the internal resistance R 131 , forcing the return current I 12 to flow through the first
  • the harmonic component of the return current I 12 is filtered by the inductance L 131 , and then the return flow I 12 is on the running track.
  • the second connection line 302 flows to the negative terminal of the substation 7, and I 121 repeatedly flows through the parallel branch; when the train 5 accelerates and enters a constant speed state, the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 111 disconnects the circuit.
  • the interval between subway trains is about two minutes or more.
  • connection unit 3 repeats the above filtering process.
  • the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch of the unit immediately disconnects the circuit and returns to the state before the use of the present invention without any impact on train operation.
  • the technical scheme two of the present invention includes: the filter connection unit 1 of the scheme two, the filter connection unit 2 of the scheme two (selective use), the filter connection unit 3 of the scheme two;
  • the filter connection unit 1 of the second scheme includes: the first connecting line 101 end of the running rail, the insulating joint J211, the inductance L 211 , and the second connecting line 102 end of the running rail, which includes the inductance L Internal resistance R 211 of 211 ;
  • the first connection line 101 of the running rail is connected to the 119 end of the inductance L 211 by welding at the waist of the running rail, and connected to the 117 end of the insulating joint J 211 , and the 120 end of the inductance L 211 is connected to the second end of the running rail.
  • Connecting line 102 end, while the second connecting line 102 end of the running rail is connected to end 118 of insulating joint J 211 ;
  • the insulating joint J 211 is connected to the non-physical rail continuation of the running rail, that is, the conductive isolation between the 117 end of the insulating joint J 211 and the 118 end of the insulating joint J 211 is to block the first connection of the running rail The current loop between the line 101 end and the second connecting line 102 end of the running rail;
  • the welding connection between the end of the first connecting line 101 of the running rail and the end of the second connecting line 102 of the running rail and the running rail is brazing;
  • the function of the inductance L 211 is to block the harmonic component of the back current, and the units are connected with a small number of cables as a whole.
  • the filter connection unit 2 of the second scheme includes: the first connecting line 201 end of the running rail, the insulating joint J 221 , the inductance L 221 , and the second connecting line 202 end of the running rail, which includes the inductance Internal resistance R 221 of L 221 ;
  • the first connection line 201 of the running rail is connected to the 219 end of the inductance L 221 at the waist of the running rail by welding, and is connected to the 217 end of the insulating joint J 221 , and the 220 end of the inductance L 221 is connected to the second end of the running rail.
  • Connecting line 202 end, while the second connecting line 202 end of the running rail is connected to the 218 end of the insulating joint J 221 ;
  • the insulating joint J 221 is connected to the continuous part of the non-physical rail of the running rail, that is, the conductive isolation between the 217 end of the insulating joint J 221 and the 218 end of the insulating joint J 221 blocks the first connection of the running rail The current loop between the end of the line 201 and the second connecting line 202 of the running rail;
  • the welding connection between the end of the first connecting line 201 of the running rail and the end of the second connecting line 202 of the running rail and the running rail is brazing;
  • the function of the inductance L 221 is to block the harmonic component of the back current, and the units are connected with a small number of cables as a whole.
  • the filter connection unit 3 of the second scheme includes: the first connecting line 301 end of the running rail, the insulating joint J 231 , the inductance L 231 , the second connecting line 302 end of the running rail, which includes the inductance Internal resistance R 231 of L 231 ;
  • the first connection line 301 of the running rail is connected to the 311 end of the inductance L 231 at the waist of the running rail by welding, and is connected to the 309 end of the insulating joint J 231 , and the 312 end of the inductance L 231 is connected to the second end of the running rail.
  • Connecting wire 302 end, and the second connecting wire 302 end of the running rail is connected with the 310 end of the insulating joint J 231 at the same time;
  • the insulating joint J 231 is connected to the non-physical rail continuation of the running rail, that is, the conductive isolation between the 309 end of the insulating joint J 231 and the 310 end of the insulating joint J 231 , blocking the first connection of the running rail The current loop between the line 301 end and the second connecting line 302 end of the running rail;
  • the welding connection between the end of the first connecting line 301 of the running rail and the end of the second connecting line 302 of the running rail and the running rail is brazing;
  • the function of the inductance L 231 is to block the harmonic component of the back current, and the units are connected with a small number of cables as a whole.
  • the embodiment of the second technical solution of the present invention is:
  • the capacitance (C) at all insulating joints in technical scheme two of the present invention is extremely small, and the harmonic component flows through the insulating point and is also extremely small;
  • Fig. 6(b) is a current flow diagram of the filter connection unit 1 of the scheme 2, the filter connection unit 2 of the scheme 2, and the filter connection unit 3 of the scheme 2 when the train starts running.
  • the train 5 started to leave the station platform as shown in Figure 2 (c)
  • the backflow I 13 carried out the backflow output flow to the negative terminal of the substation 8 by the wheel 6 to the running rail, and now the filter connection unit 1 of the scheme two was on the running rail
  • the insulating joint J 211 on the top forms a barrier to the return flow I 13 , and most of the I 13 flows through the parallel connection of the second connecting line 102 end of the running rail, the inductance L 211 (including its internal resistance R 211 ), and the first connecting line 101 of the running rail.
  • the branch circuit flows to the negative end of the substation 8. In this process, the harmonic component of the return current I 13 is filtered by the inductance L 211 ;
  • the backflow I 12 returns to the running rail through the wheel 6 and flows to the negative terminal of the substation 7.
  • the insulating joint J 221 of the filter connection unit 2 on the running rail of the second scheme forms a barrier to the backflow I 12 , and most of the I 12 flows through the parallel branch of the first connecting line 201 of the running rail, the inductance L 221 (including its internal resistance R 221 ), and the second connecting line 202 of the running rail, and then flows to the negative end of the substation 7.
  • This process is controlled by the inductance L 221 filters the harmonic component of the return current I 12 ; at this time, the insulating joint J 231 of the filtering connection unit 3 of the second scheme on the running rail also forms a barrier to the returning current I 12 , and most of the I 12 flows through the first running rail Connecting line 301 end, inductance L 231 (including its internal resistance R 231 ), and the parallel branch of the second connecting line 302 end of the running rail flow to the negative terminal of substation 7 . Harmonic components are filtered.
  • Fig. 6(c) is a diagram of the current flow of the filter connection unit 1 of the scheme 2, the filter connection unit 2 of the scheme 2, and the filter connection unit 3 of the scheme 2 before the train accelerates and enters a constant speed state.
  • the train 5 starts as shown in Figure 2 (d) and accelerates over the position of the filter connection unit 2 of the scheme two, the insulating joint J 221 of the filter connection unit 2 of the scheme two on the running rail is opposite to the backflow I 13 at this moment.
  • All the units in the second technical solution of the present invention can use inductance devices with large inductance to improve the filtering effect.
  • the existing track is a continuous track of physical steel rails.
  • the installation of the insulation point will inevitably bring some impact, which will bring a lot of work to the reconstruction of the line in operation, and Routine maintenance costs will increase.
  • technical solution three of the present invention includes: filter connection unit 1 of solution three, filter connection unit 2 of solution three (selective use), filter connection unit 3 of solution three;
  • the filter connection unit 1 of the third scheme includes: the first connecting line 101 end of the running rail, the inductance L 311 , and the second connecting line 102 end of the running rail, which includes the internal resistance of the parallel section of the running rail R 311 , internal resistance R 312 of the inductor L 311 ;
  • the first connection line 101 of the running rail is connected to the end 121 of the inductance L 311 by welding at the waist of the running rail, and the end 122 of the inductance L 311 is connected to the second connection line 102 of the running rail;
  • the running rail itself between the end of the first connecting line 101 of the running rail and the end of the second connecting line 102 of the running rail remains physically continuous and unchanged, including the internal resistance R 311 of the parallel section of the running rail , the end of the first connecting line 101 of the running rail is connected to one end of the internal resistance R 311 of the parallel section of the running rail, and the end of the second connecting line 102 of the running rail is connected to the other end of the internal resistance R 311 of the parallel section of the running rail;
  • the welding connection between the end of the first connecting line 101 of the running rail and the end of the second connecting line 102 of the running rail and the running rail is brazing;
  • the function of the inductance L 311 is to block the harmonic component of the back current, and the units are connected with a small number of cables as a whole.
  • the filter connection unit 2 of the third scheme includes: the first connecting line 201 end of the running rail, the inductance L 321 , and the second connecting line 202 end of the running rail, which includes the internal resistance of the parallel section of the running rail R 321 , internal resistance R 322 of the inductor L 321 ;
  • first connection line 201 of the running rail is connected to the end 221 of the inductance L 321 by welding at the waist of the running rail, and the end 222 of the inductance L 321 is connected to the second connection line 202 of the running rail;
  • the running rail itself between the end of the first connecting line 201 of the running rail and the second connecting line 202 of the running rail remains physically continuous and unchanged, including the internal resistance R 321 of the parallel section of the running rail , the end of the first connecting line 201 of the running rail is connected to one end of the internal resistance R 321 of the parallel section of the running rail, and the end of the second connecting line 202 of the running rail is connected to the other end of the internal resistance R 321 of the parallel section of the running rail;
  • the welding connection between the end of the first connecting line 201 of the running rail and the end of the second connecting line 202 of the running rail and the running rail is brazing;
  • the function of the inductance L 321 is to block the harmonic component of the backflow, and the units are connected with a small number of cables as a whole.
  • the filter connection unit 3 of the third scheme includes: the first connecting line 301 end of the running rail, the inductance L 331 , and the second connecting line 302 end of the running rail, which includes the internal resistance of the parallel section of the running rail R 331 , internal resistance R 332 of the inductor L 331 ;
  • the end 301 of the first connecting line of the running rail is connected to the end 313 of the inductance L 331 by welding at the waist of the running rail, and the end 314 of the inductance L 331 is connected to the second connecting line 302 of the running rail;
  • the running rail itself between the end of the first connecting line 301 of the running rail and the end of the second connecting line 302 of the running rail remains physically continuous and unchanged, including the internal resistance R 331 of the parallel section of the running rail , the end of the first connecting line 301 of the running rail is connected to one end of the internal resistance R 331 of the parallel section of the running rail, and the end of the second connecting line 302 of the running rail is connected to the other end of the internal resistance R 331 of the parallel section of the running rail;
  • the welding connection between the end of the first connecting line 301 of the running rail and the end of the second connecting line 302 of the running rail and the running rail is brazing;
  • the function of the inductance L 331 is to block the harmonic component of the back current, and the units are connected with a small number of cables as a whole.
  • the embodiment of the third technical solution of the present invention is:
  • Fig. 7(b) is a current flow diagram of the filter connection unit 1 of the third scheme, the filter connection unit 2 of the third scheme, and the filter connection unit 3 of the third scheme when the train starts running.
  • the backflow I 13 carried out backflow output to the running rail through the wheel 6 and flowed to the negative end of the substation 8, and now the filter connection unit 1 of the scheme three was in physical continuity.
  • the inductance L 311 is connected in parallel on the running rail, and the return current I 133 of the diverted part of the return current I 13 still flows through the running rail itself, that is, the internal resistance R 311 of the parallel section, and at the end of the second connecting line 102 of the running rail, the return current I 13 points Part of the return current I 132 flows through the inductance L 311 (including its internal resistance R 312 ), the parallel branch of the first connecting line 101 end of the running rail, and then flows to the negative terminal of the substation 8. This process is controlled by the inductance L 311 The harmonic components of I 132 are filtered;
  • the backflow I12 returns to the running rail through the wheel 6 and flows to the negative terminal of the substation 7.
  • the filter connection unit 2 of the third scheme is connected in parallel with the inductor L 321 on the physically continuous running rail, and the backflow I12 separates part of the backflow I 124 still flows through the running rail itself, that is, the internal resistance R 321 of the parallel section, and at the end of the first connecting line 201 of the running rail, the return current I 12 splits a part of the return current I 122 and flows through the inductance L 321 (including its internal resistance R 322 ), the parallel branch at the second connection line 202 end of the running rail, and then flows to the negative terminal of the substation 7.
  • the harmonic component of the backflow I 122 is filtered by the inductance L 321 ; at this time, the filter connection unit 3 of the scheme three Inductance L 331 is connected in parallel on the physically continuous running track, and the return current I 125 of the branched part of the return flow I 12 still flows through the running track itself, that is, the internal resistance R 331 of the parallel section, while at the end of the first connecting line 301 of the running track, the return current Part of I 12 splits back into I 123 , flows through the parallel branch of the inductor L 331 (including its internal resistance R 332 ), the second connecting line 302 of the running rail, and then flows to the negative terminal of the substation 7.
  • This process is controlled by the inductor L 331 filters the harmonic components of the return flow I 123 ;
  • Fig. 7(c) is a current flow diagram of the filter connection unit 1 of the third scheme, the filter connection unit 2 of the third scheme, and the filter connection unit 3 of the third scheme before the train accelerates and enters a constant speed state.
  • the filter connection unit 2 of the third scheme is connected in parallel with an inductance L 321 on the physically continuous running track, and the return flow I 13
  • the split part of the return current I 135 still flows through the running rail itself, that is, the internal resistance R 321 of the parallel section, and at the end of the second connecting line 202 of the running rail, the split part of the returning current I 134 flows through the inductance L 321 ( Including its internal resistance R 322 ), the parallel branch of the first connecting line 201 of the running rail, and then flows to the negative terminal of the substation 8.
  • the harmonic component of the return current I 134 is filtered by the inductance L 321
  • the fourth technical solution of the present invention is formed on the basis of the first technical solution of the present invention, combined with the third technical solution of the present invention, and applied in combination;
  • the filter connection unit 1 of the scheme one is still formed by welding the first connecting line 101 end of the running rail, the second connecting line 102 end of the running rail and the running rail to form the first parallel branch.
  • the connection unit 1 is placed on the periphery of the filter connection unit 1 of the scheme 1, and is welded to the running rail by welding the third connecting line 141 end of the running rail and the fourth connecting line 142 end of the running rail, between the inductance L 411 (including internal resistance R 413 ) and A bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 411 is added between the fourth connection line 142 of the running rail to form a second parallel branch;
  • the third connection line 141 of the running rail is connected to the 143 end of the inductance L 411 , the 144 end of the inductance L 411 is connected to the 145 end of the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 411, and the 146 end of the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 411 is connected to the 146 end of the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 411
  • the fourth connecting line 142 of the running rail is connected;
  • the welding connection between the end of the third connecting line 141 of the running rail and the end of the fourth connecting line 142 of the running rail and the running rail is brazing;
  • the overall continuity of the running rail is still physically maintained between the end of the third connecting line 141 of the running rail and the end of the fourth connecting line 142 of the running rail, including the internal resistance R 411 of the parallel section of the running rail, The internal resistance R 412 of the parallel section of the running rail;
  • the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 421 has intelligent control capability, which is controlled by the control chip.
  • the function is that when the supercapacitor C 111 in the filter connection unit 1 of scheme 1 is charged, the control switch itself is disconnected , so that the capacitor C 111 is charged under the voltage formed in the segment of the internal resistance R 111 of the parallel segment of the running rail.
  • the filter connection unit 2 of the scheme one is still welded and connected by the first connecting line 201 end of the running rail, the second connecting line 202 end of the running rail and the running rail to form the first parallel branch.
  • the connection unit 2 is placed on the periphery of the filter connection unit 2 of the scheme 1, and is welded to the running rail by welding the third connecting line 241 end of the running rail and the fourth connecting line 242 end of the running rail, between the inductance L 421 (including internal resistance R 423 ) and A bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 421 is added between the fourth connecting line 242 of the running rail to form a second parallel branch;
  • the third connection line 241 of the running rail is connected to the 243 end of the inductance L 421 , the 244 end of the inductance L 421 is connected to the 245 end of the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 421 , and the 246 end of the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 421 is connected to the end 243 of the inductance L 421.
  • the fourth connecting line 242 of the running rail is connected;
  • the welding connection between the end of the third connecting line 241 of the running rail and the end of the fourth connecting line 242 of the running rail and the running rail is brazing;
  • the overall continuity of the running rail is still physically maintained between the end of the third connecting line 241 of the running rail and the end of the fourth connecting line 242 of the running rail, including the internal resistance R 421 of the parallel section of the running rail, The internal resistance R 422 of the parallel section of the running rail;
  • the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 421 has intelligent control capability, which is controlled by the control chip.
  • the function is that when the supercapacitor C 121 in the filtering connection unit 2 of scheme 1 is charged, the control switch itself is disconnected , so that the capacitor C 121 is charged under the voltage formed in the segment of the internal resistance R 121 of the parallel segment of the running rail.
  • the filter connection unit 3 of the scheme one is still welded and connected by the first connecting line 301 end of the running rail, the second connecting line 302 end of the running rail and the running rail to form the first parallel branch.
  • the connection unit 3 is placed on the periphery of the filter connection unit 3 of the scheme 1, and is welded to the running rail by welding the third connecting line 341 end of the running rail and the fourth connecting line 342 end of the running rail, between the inductance L 431 (including internal resistance R 433 ) and A bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 431 is added between the fourth connecting line 342 of the running rail to form a second parallel branch;
  • the third connection line 341 of the running rail is connected to the 343 end of the inductance L 431 , the 344 end of the inductance L 431 is connected to the 345 end of the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 431, and the 346 end of the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 431 is connected to the 346 end of the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 431 .
  • the fourth connecting line 342 of the running rail is connected;
  • the welding connection between the end of the third connecting line 341 of the running rail and the end of the fourth connecting line 342 of the running rail and the running rail is brazing;
  • the overall continuity of the running rail is still physically maintained between the end of the third connecting line 341 of the running rail and the end of the fourth connecting line 342 of the running rail, including the internal resistance R 431 of the parallel section of the running rail, The internal resistance R 432 of the parallel section of the running rail;
  • the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 431 has intelligent control capability, which is controlled by the control chip.
  • the function is that when the supercapacitor C 131 in the filtering connection unit 3 of scheme 1 is charged, the control switch itself is disconnected , so that the capacitor C 131 is charged under the voltage formed in the internal resistance R 131 section of the parallel section of the running rail; on the basis of the above scheme, the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch can be replaced by a contactor.
  • the fourth technical solution of the present invention is formed on the basis of the specific implementation of the technical solution 1 of the present invention in combination with the specific implementation of the technical solution 3 of the present invention.
  • the way is:
  • Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of the connection unit structure of the technical solution four of the present invention, when the train 5 enters the station electric braking as shown in Fig. 2 (b), the filter connection unit 1 of the solution one, the filter connection unit 2 of the solution one, The first parallel branch formed by the filter connection unit 3 of one still operates in the embodiment of the technical solution one of the present invention; at this time, the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 411 added by the filter connection unit 1 of the solution three, the filter of the three scheme
  • the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 421 added in the connection unit 2 and the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 431 added in the filter connection unit 3 of the scheme three are all disconnected, so that the filter connection unit 1 of the scheme 1, the filter connection unit 2 of the scheme 1, All the supercapacitors in the filter connection unit 3 of the scheme 1 are charged under the voltage formed in the internal resistance section of the parallel section of the respective running rails.
  • the filter connection unit 1 of the scheme one, the filter connection unit 2 of the scheme one, and the filter connection unit of the scheme one The first branch formed by 3 still operates in the implementation mode of the technical solution 1 of the present invention; the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 411 of the filter connection unit 1 of the solution 3, the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch of the filter connection unit 2 of the solution 3 Q 421 , the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch Q 431 of the filter connection unit 3 of the third scheme are all turned on to run the second parallel branch, and operate in the implementation mode of the third technical scheme of the present invention, further enhancing the filtering function of the return harmonic component.
  • Technical solution 4 of the present invention intelligently controls all bidirectional conduction IGBT switches and all contactor contacts in all units through the control chip, regulates the change of the current direction of the supercapacitor, and also controls its possible overvoltage and overcurrent. Protect.
  • the bidirectional conduction IGBT switch of the unit immediately disconnects the circuit and returns to the state before the use of the present invention without any impact on train operation.

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Abstract

一种减少地铁走行轨供电回流产生迷流的系统和方法,适用于直流供电的地铁列车采用的轨道回流的供电系统,采用并联电感、超级电容、IGBT开关、接触器等形成的连接支路,并通过智能控制电流的导通及流动方向,对回流的谐波成份进行有效的滤波,可有效减少列车的逆变器开关电路带来的谐波产生的迷流谐波成份向走行轨道自身之外的泄漏,防止发生电化学腐蚀危害其他设施设备。

Description

一种减少地铁走行轨供电回流产生迷流的方法 技术领域:
本发明涉及并适用于直流供电的地铁列车采用的轨道回流的供电系统,发明中的方案可有效减少列车的逆变器开关电路带来的谐波产生的迷流谐波成份向走行轨道自身之外的泄漏,而发生电化学腐蚀危害其他设施设备。
背景技术:
见图1;
现有技术是设法减少迷流量,包括:降低走行轨轨电位,加强直流供电设备及走行轨的对地绝缘,设置迷流收集网,逐层屏蔽,利用迷流的首经通路(即道床结构钢筋),形成第一道屏蔽网,防止迷流向道床外部泄漏;将隧道结构钢筋连通形成第二道屏蔽网,防止迷流向隧道外部泄漏,危害其他设施,但这些措施仍无法好的解决迷流外泄的问题。
现今世界各大城市的地铁迷流危害现状是:地铁周围的埋地金属管道,通讯电缆外皮以及车站和区间隧道主体结构中的钢筋,甚至对周边的高楼大厦地基中的钢筋造成电化学腐蚀。这种电化学腐蚀不仅能缩短金属管线的使用寿命,还会降低地铁钢筋混凝土主体结构的强度和耐久性,甚至酿成灾难性事故,这是全世界地铁的通病。
面对已建成开通的线路及对正在建设的新线路而言,现实的迷流腐蚀危害状况无法改变,对迷流源头,即走行轨自身的滤波没有任何措施,现今的分析理论都从纯直流电的概念来进行分析,但列车的逆变器是IGBT组成的开关电路,列车刚启动的基波是接近正弦波,还有控制上的异步调制到同步调制及同步调制中用高数的矩形波替代正弦波,最后用一个方波替代半个正弦波,这些过渡点还出现异常振荡的收敛过程,所以三相同一时刻做不到平衡,实测亦是如此。因此,泄漏迷流由直流和交流的两个分量组成,走行轨长数十公里与汇流排及道床的钢筋结构网形成了一个大的电容。轨道是正极,大地是负极,就算绝缘做的再好,由于道床结构钢筋对应支撑轨道的强度要求带来的间距较小,I(迷流)=V(轨道)·ω·C,对谐波成份而言,C值大也近似对地短路,而且迷流传到下一级屏蔽网后,还是谐波成份,依然形成外传泄漏,是迷流控制不住外泄的重要原因。常用的6辆编组列车的回流峰值可达3000安培,迷流虽仅占一小部分,但其绝对值仍然不小,迷流中的谐波成份危害性更大。在列车运行后、轨道升温后或潮湿等因素(会蒸发水分),轨道与轨基础的纯电阻会变大而迷流的直流分量减少,可迷流的交流分量则不会改变。
现有较有效的解决方法是采用第三轨回流,电流回流不流经走行轨,但成本极高,更关键是已建成的轨道线路根本无法改造。
发明内容:
针对现有技术存在的缺陷,本发明的目的在于首次对走行轨自身进行可行有效的滤波,从源头上减少了轨道自身回流的谐波成份,从而减少迷流外泄。
为达到以上目的,本发明采取的技术方法是:
一种减少地铁走行轨供电回流产生迷流的方法,对作为迷流源的走行轨自身的回流谐波成份采用及实施滤波方法,在保持走行轨物理钢轨连续不变的状态下,采用并联电感、超级电容、IGBT开关、接触器的连接支路,通过对IGBT开关与接触器触点的控制,使超级电容放电,形成电压阻断并联轨 段的正向导流,迫使电流走电感、超级电容、IGBT开关、接触器串联构成的并联支路,对回流的谐波成份进行有效的滤波;在走行轨物理钢轨非连续的状态下,采用绝缘接头同时并联电感,对回流的谐波成份进行有效的滤波。
一种减少地铁走行轨供电回流产生迷流的系统,包括滤波连接单元1、滤波连接单元2(选择性使用)、滤波连接单元3;
所述滤波连接单元1于列车5停止在车站站台时列车尾端的走行轨轨腰处电连接,与走行轨并联;
其中,滤波连接单元1的走行轨第一连接线101端于列车5停止在车站站台时列车尾端的走行轨处与走行轨连接,通过走行轨连接到变电所8的负极端;滤波连接单元1的走行轨第二连接线102端于列车5停止在车站站台时列车尾端的走行轨处与走行轨连接,通过走行轨连接到变电所7的负极端,构成并联支路;
滤波连接单元2于列车5停止在车站站台时列车头端的走行轨轨腰处电连接,与走行轨并联;
其中,滤波连接单元2的走行轨第一连接线201端于列车5停止在车站站台时列车头端的走行轨处与走行轨连接,通过走行轨连接到变电所8的负极端;滤波连接单元2的走行轨第二连接线202端于列车5停止在车站站台时列车头端的走行轨处与走行轨连接,通过走行轨连接到变电所7的负极端,构成并联支路;
滤波连接单元3于列车5加速完毕进入匀速状态的时刻处的走行轨轨腰处电连接,与走行轨并联;
其中,滤波连接单元3的走行轨第一连接线301端于列车5加速完毕进入匀速状态的时刻的走行轨处与走行轨连接,通过走行轨连接到变电所8的负极端;滤波连接单元3的走行轨第二连接线302端于列车5加速完毕进入匀速状态的时刻的走行轨处与走行轨连接,通过走行轨连接到变电所7的负极端,构成并联支路。
所述滤波连接单元1、滤波连接单元2(选择性使用)、滤波连接单元3各自与走行轨连接,为独立运行设备,互不连接;
所述本发明的减少地铁走行轨供电回流产生迷流的方法包括:本发明的技术方案一、本发明的技术方案二、本发明的技术方案三、本发明的技术方案四等四个对走行轨自身回流进行滤波的可实际操作的技术方案,根据实际情况予以选择应用。
本发明的技术方案一:
本发明的技术方案一包括:方案一的滤波连接单元1(见图3(a))、方案一的滤波连接单元2(选择性使用,见图4(a))、方案一的滤波连接单元3(见图5(a));
所述方案一的滤波连接单元1包括:走行轨第一连接线101端、电感L 111、超级电容C 111、接触器常开触点KM 111、接触器常闭触点KM 112、接触器常开触点KM 113、接触器常闭触点KM 114、双向导通IGBT开关Q 111、走行轨第二连接线102端,其中包含走行轨并联段内阻R 111,电感L 111及超级电容C 111串联内阻R 112
其中,走行轨第一连接线101端焊接在走行轨轨腰处连接电感L 111的103端,电感L 111的104端连接接触器常开触点KM 111的105端,并与接触器常闭触点KM 114的106端连接构成并联,接触器常开触点KM 111的107端与超级电容C 111正极端108连接,再与接触器常闭触点KM 112的109端连接,接触器常闭触点KM 114的111端与超级电容C 111负极端112连接,再与接触器常开触点KM 113的113端连接,接触器常闭触点KM 112的110端与双向导通IGBT开关Q 111的115端连接,并与接触器常开触点KM 113的114端连接构成并联,双向导通IGBT开关Q 111的116端连接走行轨第二连接线102端;
在上述方案的基础上,所述走行轨第一连接线101端与走行轨第二连接线102端之间的走行轨自身在物理上保持总体连续不变,含走行轨并联段内阻R 111,走行轨第一连接线101端与走行轨并联段内阻R 111一端连接,走行轨第二连接线102端则与走行轨并联段内阻R 111另一端连接;
所述走行轨第一连接线101端与走行轨第二连接线102端两处与走行轨的焊接连接为钎焊接;
在上述方案的基础上,所述电感L 111功能为阻挡回流的谐波成份,超级电容C 111的功能为储能及放电,接触器常开触点KM 111、接触器常闭触点KM 112、接触器常开触点KM 113、接触器常闭触点KM 114 的功能为调节流经超级电容C 111的电流方向,电感L 111及超级电容C 111为串联,含总内阻R 112,双向导通IGBT开关Q 111具备智能控制能力,由控制芯片对其进行控制,功能为控制电流的正反方向流通,对超级电容C 111在储能及放电时可能的过压、过流进行调节保护,单元总体以少量电缆进行连接。
所述方案一的滤波连接单元2包括:走行轨第一连接线201端、电感L 121、超级电容C 121、接触器常开触点KM 121、接触器常闭触点KM 122、接触器常开触点KM 123、接触器常闭触点KM 124、双向导通IGBT开关Q 121、走行轨第二连接线202端,其中包含走行轨并联段内阻R 121,电感L 121及超级电容C 121串联内阻R 122
其中,走行轨第一连接线201端焊接在走行轨轨腰处连接电感L 121的203端,电感L 121的204端连接接触器常开触点KM 121的205端,并与接触器常闭触点KM 124的206端连接构成并联,接触器常开触点KM 121的207端与超级电容C 121正极端208连接,再与接触器常闭触点KM 122的209端连接,接触器常闭触点KM 124的211端与超级电容C 121负极端212连接,再与接触器常开触点KM 123的213端连接,接触器常闭触点KM 122的210端与双向导通IGBT开关Q 121的215端连接,并与接触器常开触点KM 123的214端连接构成并联,双向导通IGBT开关Q 121的216端连接走行轨第二连接线202端;
在上述方案的基础上,所述走行轨第一连接线201端与走行轨第二连接线202端之间的走行轨自身在物理上保持总体连续不变,含走行轨并联段内阻R 121,走行轨第一连接线201端与走行轨并联段内阻R 121一端连接,走行轨第二连接线202端则与走行轨并联段内阻R 121另一端连接;
所述走行轨第一连接线201端与走行轨第二连接线202端两处与走行轨的焊接连接为钎焊接;
在上述方案的基础上,所述电感L 121功能为阻挡回流的谐波成份,超级电容C 121的功能为储能及放电,接触器常开触点KM 121、接触器常闭触点KM 122、接触器常开触点KM 123、接触器常闭触点KM 124的功能为调节流经超级电容C 121的电流方向,电感L 121及超级电容C 121为串联,含总内阻R 122,双向导通IGBT开关Q 121具备智能控制能力,由控制芯片对其进行控制,功能为控制电流的正反方向流通,对超级电容C 121在储能及放电时可能的过压、过流进行调节保护,单元总体以少量电缆进行连接。
所述方案一的滤波连接单元3包括:走行轨第一连接线301端、电感L 131、超级电容C 131、双向导通IGBT开关Q 131、走行轨第二连接线302端,其中包含走行轨并联段内阻R 131,电感L 131及超级电容C 131串联内阻R 132
其中,走行轨第一连接线301端焊接在走行轨轨腰处连接电感L 131的303端,电感L 131的304端连接超级电容C 131负极端305,超级电容C 131正极端306连接双向导通IGBT开关Q 131的307端,双向导通IGBT开关Q 131的308端连接走行轨第二连接线302端;
在上述方案的基础上,所述走行轨第一连接线301端与走行轨第二连接线302端之间的走行轨自身在物理上保持总体连续不变,含走行轨并联段内阻R 131,走行轨第一连接线301端与走行轨并联段内阻R 131一端连接,走行轨第二连接线302端则与走行轨并联段内阻R 131另一端连接;
所述走行轨第一连接线301端与走行轨第二连接线302端两处与走行轨的焊接连接为钎焊接;
所述电感L 131功能为阻挡回流的谐波成份,超级电容C 131的功能为储能及放电,电感L 131及超级电容C 131为串联,含总内阻R 132,双向导通IGBT开关Q 131具备智能控制能力,由控制芯片对其进行控制,功能为控制电流的正反方向流通,对超级电容C 131在储能及放电时可能的过压、过流进行调节保护,单元总体以少量电缆进行连接;在上述方案的基础上,所述双向导通IGBT开关可以由接触器替代。
本发明的技术方案二:
本发明的技术方案二包括:方案二的滤波连接单元1、方案二的滤波连接单元2(选择性使用)、方案二的滤波连接单元3;
见图6(a);
所述方案二的滤波连接单元1包括:走行轨第一连接线101端、绝缘接头J 211、电感L 211、走行轨第 二连接线102端,其中包含电感L 211的内阻R 211
其中,所述走行轨第一连接线101端通过焊接在走行轨轨腰处连接电感L 211的119端,并与绝缘接头J 211的117端连接,电感L 211的120端连接走行轨第二连接线102端,同时走行轨第二连接线102端与绝缘接头J 211的118端连接;
在上述方案的基础上,所述绝缘接头J 211接入走行轨非物理钢轨连续处,即绝缘接头J 211的117端与绝缘接头J 211的118端之间导电隔断,阻隔走行轨第一连接线101端与走行轨第二连接线102端之间的电流回路;
所述走行轨第一连接线101端与走行轨第二连接线102端两处与走行轨的焊接连接为钎焊接;
在上述方案的基础上,所述电感L 211的功能为阻挡回流的谐波成份,单元总体以少量电缆进行连接。
所述方案二的滤波连接单元2包括:走行轨第一连接线201端、绝缘接头J 221、电感L 221、走行轨第二连接线202端,其中包含电感L 221的内阻R 221
其中,所述走行轨第一连接线201端通过焊接在走行轨轨腰处连接电感L 221的219端,并与绝缘接头J 221的217端连接,电感L 221的220端连接走行轨第二连接线202端,同时走行轨第二连接线202端与绝缘接头J 221的218端连接;
在上述方案的基础上,所述绝缘接头J 221接入走行轨非物理钢轨连续处,即绝缘接头J 221的217端与绝缘接头J 221的218端之间导电隔断,阻隔走行轨第一连接线201端与走行轨第二连接线202端之间的电流回路;
所述走行轨第一连接线201端与走行轨第二连接线202端两处与走行轨的焊接连接为钎焊接;
在上述方案的基础上,所述电感L 221的功能为阻挡回流的谐波成份,单元总体以少量电缆进行连接。
所述方案二的滤波连接单元3包括:走行轨第一连接线301端、绝缘接头J 231、电感L 231、走行轨第二连接线302端,其中包含电感L 231的内阻R 231
其中,所述走行轨第一连接线301端通过焊接在走行轨轨腰处连接电感L 231的311端,并与绝缘接头J 231的309端连接,电感L 231的312端连接走行轨第二连接线302端,同时走行轨第二连接线302端与绝缘接头J 231的310端连接;
在上述方案的基础上,所述绝缘接头J 231接入走行轨非物理钢轨连续处,即绝缘接头J 231的309端与绝缘接头J 231的310端之间导电隔断,阻隔走行轨第一连接线301端与走行轨第二连接线302端之间的电流回路;
所述走行轨第一连接线301端与走行轨第二连接线302端两处与走行轨的焊接连接为钎焊接;
在上述方案的基础上,所述电感L 231的功能为阻挡回流的谐波成份,单元总体以少量电缆进行连接。
本发明的技术方案三:
本发明的技术方案三包括:方案三的滤波连接单元1、方案三的滤波连接单元2(选择性使用)、方案三的滤波连接单元3;
见图7(a);
所述方案三的滤波连接单元1包括:走行轨第一连接线101端、电感L 311、走行轨第二连接线102端,其中包含走行轨并联段内阻R 311、电感L 311的内阻R 312
其中,所述走行轨第一连接线101端通过焊接在走行轨轨腰处连接电感L 311的121端,电感L 311的122端连接走行轨第二连接线102端;
在上述方案的基础上,所述走行轨第一连接线101端与走行轨第二连接线102端之间的走行轨自身在物理上保持总体连续不变,含走行轨并联段内阻R 311,走行轨第一连接线101端与走行轨并联段内阻R 311一端连接,走行轨第二连接线102端则与走行轨并联段内阻R 311另一端连接;
所述走行轨第一连接线101端与走行轨第二连接线102端两处与走行轨的焊接连接为钎焊接;
在上述方案的基础上,所述电感L 311的功能为阻挡回流的谐波成份,单元总体以少量电缆进行连接。
所述方案三的滤波连接单元2包括:走行轨第一连接线201端、电感L 321、走行轨第二连接线202端,其中包含走行轨并联段内阻R 321、电感L 321的内阻R 322
其中,所述走行轨第一连接线201端通过焊接在走行轨轨腰处连接电感L 321的221端,电感L 321的222端连接走行轨第二连接线202端;
在上述方案的基础上,所述走行轨第一连接线201端与走行轨第二连接线202端之间的走行轨自身在物理上保持总体连续不变,含走行轨并联段内阻R 321,走行轨第一连接线201端与走行轨并联段内阻R 321一端连接,走行轨第二连接线202端则与走行轨并联段内阻R 321另一端连接;
所述走行轨第一连接线201端与走行轨第二连接线202端两处与走行轨的焊接连接为钎焊接;
在上述方案的基础上,所述电感L 321的功能为阻挡回流的谐波成份,单元总体以少量电缆进行连接。
所述方案三的滤波连接单元3包括:走行轨第一连接线301端、电感L 331、走行轨第二连接线302端,其中包含走行轨并联段内阻R 331、电感L 331的内阻R 332
其中,所述走行轨第一连接线301端通过焊接在走行轨轨腰处连接电感L 331的313端,电感L 331的314端连接走行轨第二连接线302端;
在上述方案的基础上,所述走行轨第一连接线301端与走行轨第二连接线302端之间的走行轨自身在物理上保持总体连续不变,含走行轨并联段内阻R 331,走行轨第一连接线301端与走行轨并联段内阻R 331一端连接,走行轨第二连接线302端则与走行轨并联段内阻R 331另一端连接;
所述走行轨第一连接线301端与走行轨第二连接线302端两处与走行轨的焊接连接为钎焊接;
在上述方案的基础上,所述电感L 331的功能为阻挡回流的谐波成份,单元总体以少量电缆进行连接。
本发明的技术方案四
本发明的技术方案四是在所述本发明的技术方案一的基础上,结合所述本发明的技术方案三而构成,组合应用;
见图8;
所述方案一的滤波连接单元1仍由走行轨第一连接线101端、走行轨第二连接线102端与走行轨焊接连接构成第一并联支路,方案三的滤波连接单元1置于方案一的滤波连接单元1外围,由走行轨第三连接线141端、走行轨第四连接线142端与走行轨焊接连接,在电感L 411(含内阻R 413)与走行轨第四连接线142端之间增加双向导通IGBT开关Q 411,构成第二并联支路;
其中,所述走行轨第三连接线141端连接电感L 411的143端,电感L 411的144端与双向导通IGBT开关Q 411的145端连接,双向导通IGBT开关Q 411的146端与走行轨第四连接线142端连接;
所述走行轨第三连接线141端与走行轨第四连接线142端两处与走行轨的焊接连接为钎焊接;
在上述方案的基础上,所述走行轨第三连接线141端与走行轨第四连接线142端之间仍在物理上保持走行轨总体连续不变,含走行轨并联段内阻R 411、走行轨并联段内阻R 412
在上述方案的基础上,所述双向导通IGBT开关Q 421具备智能控制能力,由控制芯片对其进行控制,功能是当方案一的滤波连接单元1中超级电容C 111充电时,控制开关自身断开,使电容C 111在走行轨并联段内阻R 111段内形成的电压下充电。
所述方案一的滤波连接单元2仍由走行轨第一连接线201端、走行轨第二连接线202端与走行轨焊接连接构成第一并联支路,方案三的滤波连接单元2置于方案一的滤波连接单元2外围,由走行轨第三连接线241端、走行轨第四连接线242端与走行轨焊接连接,在电感L 421(含内阻R 423)与走行轨第四连接线242端之间增加双向导通IGBT开关Q 421,构成第二并联支路;
其中,所述走行轨第三连接线241端连接电感L 421的243端,电感L 421的244端与双向导通IGBT开关Q 421的245端连接,双向导通IGBT开关Q 421的246端与走行轨第四连接线242端连接;
所述走行轨第三连接线241端与走行轨第四连接线242端两处与走行轨的焊接连接为钎焊接;
在上述方案的基础上,所述走行轨第三连接线241端与走行轨第四连接线242端之间仍在物理上保持走行轨总体连续不变,含走行轨并联段内阻R 421、走行轨并联段内阻R 422
在上述方案的基础上,所述双向导通IGBT开关Q 421具备智能控制能力,由控制芯片对其进行控制,功能是当方案一的滤波连接单元2中超级电容C 121充电时,控制开关自身断开,使电容C 121在走行轨并联段内阻R 121段内形成的电压下充电。
所述方案一的滤波连接单元3仍由走行轨第一连接线301端、走行轨第二连接线302端与走行轨焊接连接构成第一并联支路,方案三的滤波连接单元3置于方案一的滤波连接单元3外围,由走行轨第三连接线341端、走行轨第四连接线342端与走行轨焊接连接,在电感L 431(含内阻R 433)与走行轨第四连接线342端之间增加双向导通IGBT开关Q 431,构成第二并联支路;
其中,所述走行轨第三连接线341端连接电感L 431的343端,电感L 431的344端与双向导通IGBT开关Q 431的345端连接,双向导通IGBT开关Q 431的346端与走行轨第四连接线342端连接;
所述走行轨第三连接线341端与走行轨第四连接线342端两处与走行轨的焊接连接为钎焊接;
在上述方案的基础上,所述走行轨第三连接线341端与走行轨第四连接线342端之间仍在物理上保持走行轨总体连续不变,含走行轨并联段内阻R 431、走行轨并联段内阻R 432
在上述方案的基础上,所述双向导通IGBT开关Q 431具备智能控制能力,由控制芯片对其进行控制,功能是当方案一的滤波连接单元3中超级电容C 131充电时,控制开关自身断开,使电容C 131在走行轨并联段内阻R 131段内形成的电压下充电;在上述方案的基础上,所述双向导通IGBT开关可以由接触器替代。
有益效果:
本发明在世界轨交行业中,首次对迷流源的回流的走行轨道自身采用及实施滤波方法,可大幅延长地铁结构钢筋及周围埋地金属管道、通讯电缆外皮,甚至周边建筑群地基水泥中的钢筋使用寿命,从而提高它们的安全可靠性,有着巨大的经济、社会效应及世界范围的推广市场。其中,本发明的技术方案一、本发明的技术方案三、本发明的技术方案四能保持现有物理连续轨道的现状,对已运行线路不需任何改造,大幅减少使用成本;
列车启动时,接触网向列车进行供电,列车通过车轮对走行轨进行回流输出,由于列车在移动中,因此列车牵引电流通过车轮的回流输出端也在移动;列车在静止到加速段都在滤波连接单元1、滤波连接单元2、滤波连接单元3的范围之内,本发明使用技术为通过对走行轨道自身采取滤波措施,减少迷流的谐波成份,使列车加速全程所输出回流的谐波成份得到滤波,而上述滤波连接单元1至滤波连接单元3的范围之外,迷流的谐波成份减少到最小,滤波连接单元2的设置是为了减少列车进入同步调制时回流谐波成份形成迷流对车站的影响。
附图说明:
本发明有如下附图:
图1为现有防迷流技术方案的结构示意图。
图2(a)为本发明减少地铁走行轨供电回流产生迷流的方法的系统结构示意图。
图2(b)为本发明在列车进站电制动时的示意图。
图2(c)为本发明在列车启动运行时的示意图。
图2(d)为本发明在列车加速并进入匀速状态之前的示意图。
图3(a)为本发明的技术方案一的滤波连接单元1结构示意图。
图3(b)为本发明的技术方案一的滤波连接单元1在列车进站电制动时开关导通的电流流向图。
图3(c)为本发明的技术方案一的滤波连接单元1在列车启动运行时直至列车加速完毕进入匀速状态时开关导通的电流流向图。
图4(a)为本发明的技术方案一的滤波连接单元2结构示意图。
图4(b)为本发明的技术方案一的滤波连接单元2在列车进站电制动时开关导通的电流流向图。
图4(c)为本发明的技术方案一的滤波连接单元2在列车启动运行时开关导通的电流流向图。
图4(d)为本发明的技术方案一的滤波连接单元2在列车加速并进入匀速状态之前开关导通的电流 流向图。
图5(a)为本发明的技术方案一的滤波连接单元3结构示意图。
图5(b)为本发明的技术方案一的滤波连接单元3在列车进站电制动时开关导通的电流流向图。
图5(c)为本发明的技术方案一的滤波连接单元3在列车启动运行时直至列车加速完毕进入匀速状态时开关导通的电流流向图。
图6(a)为本发明的技术方案二的单元结构示意图。
图6(b)为本发明的技术方案二所有连接单元在列车启动运行时的电流流向图。
图6(c)为本发明的技术方案二所有连接单元在列车加速并进入匀速状态之前的电流流向图。
图7(a)为本发明的技术方案三的连接单元结构示意图。
图7(b)为本发明的技术方案三所有连接单元在列车启动运行时的电流流向图。图7(c)为本发明的技术方案三所有连接单元在列车加速并进入匀速状态之前的电流流向图。
图8为本发明的技术方案四的连接单元结构示意图
具体实施方式:
为了更为具体的描述本发明,以下结合附图及具体实施方式对本发明的技术方案进行更详细的说明。此处需强调,以下说明仅为示例性说明,而不是为了限制本发明的范围及应用。
本发明对作为迷流源的走行轨自身的回流谐波成份采用及实施滤波方法,在保持走行轨物理钢轨连续不变的状态下,采用并联电感、超级电容、IGBT开关、接触器的连接支路,通过对IGBT开关与接触器触点的控制,使超级电容放电,形成电压阻断并联轨段的正向导流,迫使电流走电感、超级电容、IGBT开关、接触器串联构成的并联支路,对回流的谐波成份进行有效的滤波;在走行轨物理钢轨非连续的状态下,采用绝缘接头同时并联电感,对回流的谐波成份进行有效的滤波。
图2(a)为本发明所述减少地铁走行轨供电回流产生迷流的方法的系统结构示意图,包括:滤波连接单元1、滤波连接单元2(选择性使用)、滤波连接单元3。
所述滤波连接单元1于列车5停止在车站站台时列车尾端的走行轨轨腰处电连接,与走行轨并联;
其中,滤波连接单元1的走行轨第一连接线101端于列车5停止在车站站台时列车尾端的走行轨处与走行轨连接,通过走行轨连接到变电所8的负极端;滤波连接单元1的走行轨第二连接线102端于列车5停止在车站站台时列车尾端的走行轨处与走行轨连接,通过走行轨连接到变电所7的负极端,构成并联支路;
滤波连接单元2于列车5停止在车站站台时列车头端的走行轨轨腰处电连接,与走行轨并联;
其中,滤波连接单元2的走行轨第一连接线201端于列车5停止在车站站台时列车头端的走行轨处与走行轨连接,通过走行轨连接到变电所8的负极端;滤波连接单元2的走行轨第二连接线202端于列车5停止在车站站台时列车头端的走行轨处与走行轨连接,通过走行轨连接到变电所7的负极端,构成并联支路;
滤波连接单元3于列车5加速完毕进入匀速状态的时刻处的走行轨轨腰处电连接,与走行轨并联;
其中,滤波连接单元3的走行轨第一连接线301端于列车5加速完毕进入匀速状态的时刻的走行轨处与走行轨连接,通过走行轨连接到变电所8的负极端;滤波连接单元3的走行轨第二连接线302端于列车5加速完毕进入匀速状态的时刻的走行轨处与走行轨连接,通过走行轨连接到变电所7的负极端,构成并联支路。
如图2(a)所示,所述滤波连接单元1、滤波连接单元2(选择性使用)、滤波连接单元3各自与走行轨连接,为独立运行设备,互不连接;
列车启动时,如图2(a)所示接触网4向列车5进行供电,列车5通过车轮6对走行轨进行回流输出,由于列车在移动中,因此列车5牵引电流通过车轮6的回流输出端也在移动;列车在静止到加速段都在滤波连接单元1、滤波连接单元2、滤波连接单元3的范围之内,本发明使用技术为通过对 走行轨道自身采取滤波措施,减少迷流的谐波成份,使列车5加速全程所输出回流的谐波成份得到滤波,而上述滤波连接单元1至滤波连接单元3的范围之外,迷流的谐波成份减少到最小,滤波连接单元2的设置是为了减少列车进入同步调制时回流谐波成份形成迷流对车站的影响;
图2(b)所示为本发明在列车进站电制动时的示意图。当列车5进站电制动时,其牵引电机处于发电机状态,此时电流I 11由变电所7的负极端通过走行轨流向列车车轮6,此电流不是开关电路形成,谐波极小,因此不采用滤波方法,电流I 11流经本发明的滤波连接单元3、滤波连接单元2、滤波连接单元1后至车轮6进入列车5;
图2(c)所示为本发明在列车启动运行时的示意图。当列车5启动运行离开车站站台时,牵引电机处于电动机状态,此时回流I 12由列车5经车轮6输出,通过走行轨流向变电所7的负极端,流经本发明的滤波连接单元2、滤波连接单元3后至变电所7的负极端,同时回流I 13由列车5经车轮6输出,通过走行轨流向变电所8的负极端,流经本发明的滤波连接单元1后至变电所8的负极端;
图2(d)所示为本发明在加速并进入匀速状态之前的示意图。当加速并进入匀速状态之前,其所处方位正在向本发明的滤波连接单元3处靠近,此时回流I 12由列车5经车轮6输出,通过走行轨流向变电所7的负极端,流经本发明的滤波连接单元3后至变电所7的负极端,同时回流I 13由列车5经车轮6输出,通过走行轨流向变电所8的负极端,流经本发明的滤波连接单元2、滤波连接单元1后至变电所8的负极端。
本发明的技术方案一:
如图2(a)所示本发明的技术方案一包括:方案一的滤波连接单元1、方案一的滤波连接单元2(选择性使用)、方案一的滤波连接单元3;
如图3(a)所示,所述方案一的滤波连接单元1包括:走行轨第一连接线101端、电感L 111、超级电容C 111、接触器常开触点KM 111、接触器常闭触点KM 112、接触器常开触点KM 113、接触器常闭触点KM 114、双向导通IGBT开关Q 111、走行轨第二连接线102端,其中包含走行轨并联段内阻R 111,电感L 111及超级电容C 111串联内阻R 112
其中,走行轨第一连接线101端焊接在走行轨轨腰处连接电感L 111的103端,电感L 111的104端连接接触器常开触点KM 111的105端,并与接触器常闭触点KM 114的106端连接构成并联,接触器常开触点KM 111的107端与超级电容C 111正极端108连接,再与接触器常闭触点KM 112的109端连接,接触器常闭触点KM 114的111端与超级电容C 111负极端112连接,再与接触器常开触点KM 113的113端连接,接触器常闭触点KM 112的110端与双向导通IGBT开关Q 111的115端连接,并与接触器常开触点KM 113的114端连接构成并联,双向导通IGBT开关Q 111的116端连接走行轨第二连接线102端;
在上述方案的基础上,所述走行轨第一连接线101端与走行轨第二连接线102端之间的走行轨自身在物理上保持总体连续不变,含走行轨并联段内阻R 111,走行轨第一连接线101端与走行轨并联段内阻R 111一端连接,走行轨第二连接线102端则与走行轨并联段内阻R 111另一端连接;
所述走行轨第一连接线101端与走行轨第二连接线102端两处与走行轨的焊接连接为钎焊接;
在上述方案的基础上,所述电感L 111功能为阻挡回流的谐波成份,超级电容C 111的功能为储能及放电,接触器常开触点KM 111、接触器常闭触点KM 112、接触器常开触点KM 113、接触器常闭触点KM 114的功能为调节流经超级电容C 111的电流方向,电感L 111及超级电容C 111为串联,含总内阻R 112,双向导通IGBT开关Q 111具备智能控制能力,由控制芯片对其进行控制,功能为控制电流的正反方向流通,对超级电容C 111在储能及放电时可能的过压、过流进行调节保护,单元总体以少量电缆进行连接。
如图4(a)所示,所述方案一的滤波连接单元2包括:走行轨第一连接线201端、电感L 121、超级电容C 121、接触器常开触点KM 121、接触器常闭触点KM 122、接触器常开触点KM 123、接触器常闭触点KM 124、双向导通IGBT开关Q 121、走行轨第二连接线202端,其中包含走行轨并联段内阻R 121,电感L 121及超级电容C 121串联内阻R 122
其中,走行轨第一连接线201端焊接在走行轨轨腰处连接电感L 121的203端,电感L 121的204端连接 接触器常开触点KM 121的205端,并与接触器常闭触点KM 124的206端连接构成并联,接触器常开触点KM 121的207端与超级电容C 121正极端208连接,再与接触器常闭触点KM 122的209端连接,接触器常闭触点KM 124的211端与超级电容C 121负极端212连接,再与接触器常开触点KM 123的213端连接,接触器常闭触点KM 122的210端与双向导通IGBT开关Q 121的215端连接,并与接触器常开触点KM 123的214端连接构成并联,双向导通IGBT开关Q 121的216端连接走行轨第二连接线202端;
在上述方案的基础上,所述走行轨第一连接线201端与走行轨第二连接线202端之间的走行轨自身在物理上保持总体连续不变,含走行轨并联段内阻R 121,走行轨第一连接线201端与走行轨并联段内阻R 121一端连接,走行轨第二连接线202端则与走行轨并联段内阻R 121另一端连接;
所述走行轨第一连接线201端与走行轨第二连接线202端两处与走行轨的焊接连接为钎焊接;
在上述方案的基础上,所述电感L 121功能为阻挡回流的谐波成份,超级电容C 121的功能为储能及放电,接触器常开触点KM 121、接触器常闭触点KM 122、接触器常开触点KM 123、接触器常闭触点KM 124的功能为调节流经超级电容C 121的电流方向,电感L 121及超级电容C 121为串联,含总内阻R 122,双向导通IGBT开关Q 121具备智能控制能力,由控制芯片对其进行控制,功能为控制电流的正反方向流通,对超级电容C 121在储能及放电时可能的过压、过流进行调节保护,单元总体以少量电缆进行连接。
如图5(a)所示,所述方案一的滤波连接单元3包括:走行轨第一连接线301端、电感L 131、超级电容C 131、双向导通IGBT开关Q 131、走行轨第二连接线302端,其中包含走行轨并联段内阻R 131,电感L 131及超级电容C 131串联内阻R 132
其中,走行轨第一连接线301端焊接在走行轨轨腰处连接电感L 131的303端,电感L 131的304端连接超级电容C 131负极端305,超级电容C 131正极端306连接双向导通IGBT开关Q 131的307端,双向导通IGBT开关Q 131的308端连接走行轨第二连接线302端;
在上述方案的基础上,所述走行轨第一连接线301端与走行轨第二连接线302端之间的走行轨自身在物理上保持总体连续不变,含走行轨并联段内阻R 131,走行轨第一连接线301端与走行轨并联段内阻R 131一端连接,走行轨第二连接线302端则与走行轨并联段内阻R 131另一端连接;
所述走行轨第一连接线301端与走行轨第二连接线302端两处与走行轨的焊接连接为钎焊接;
在上述方案的基础上,所述电感L 131功能为阻挡回流的谐波成份,超级电容C 131的功能为储能及放电,电感L 131及超级电容C 131为串联,含总内阻R 132,双向导通IGBT开关Q 131具备智能控制能力,由控制芯片对其进行控制,功能为控制电流的正反方向流通,对超级电容C 131在储能及放电时可能的过压、过流进行调节保护,单元总体以少量电缆进行连接;在上述方案的基础上,所述双向导通IGBT开关可以由接触器替代。
实施方式:
所述减少地铁走行轨供电回流产生迷流的方法中,本发明的技术方案一的实施方式是:
图3(b)所示为方案一的滤波连接单元1在列车进站电制动时开关导通的电流流向图。当列车5如图2(b)所示进站电制动时,此时方案一的滤波连接单元1中双向导通IGBT开关Q 111导通电路,同时接触器常闭触点KM 112与接触器常闭触点KM 114导通,接触器常开触点KM 111与接触器常开触点KM 113断开,电流I 11分出电流I 111流经走行轨第二连接线102端至超级电容C 111正极端,再由超级电容C 111负极端经电感L 111(其中含电感L 111与超级电容C 111的内阻R 112)至走行轨第一连接线101端后回归成电流I 11流向车轮6,同时在走行轨并联段内阻R 111处形成的电压下,对超级电容C 111充电,充电满后或列车5抵达方案一的滤波连接单元1处时,双向导通IGBT开关Q 111断开电路。
图3(c)所示为方案一的滤波连接单元1在列车启动运行时直至列车加速完毕进入匀速状态时开关导通的电流流向图。当列车5如图2(c)、图2(d)所示启动运行离开车站站台并加速时,方案一的滤波连接单元1中双向导通IGBT开关Q111导通电路,同时接触器常开触点KM 111与接触器常开触点KM 113导通,接触器常闭触点KM 112与接触器常闭触点KM 114断开,已充满电的超级电容C 111释放电流I 130由正极端流经电感L 111、走行轨第一连接线101端、含内阻R 111的走行轨并联段、走行轨 第二连接线102端再至超级电容C 111负极端形成回路(其中含电感L 111与超级电容C 111的内阻R 112)并形成电压,阻断回流I 13流向含内阻R 111的走行轨并联段,迫使回流I 13流经走行轨第二连接线102端、超级电容C 111、电感L 111、走行轨第一连接线101端的并联支路,由电感L 111对回流I 13的谐波成份进行滤波,其后回流I 13于走行轨第一连接线101端流向变电所8的负极端,而I 130重复流经上述并联支路;列车5加速完毕进入匀速状态时,双向导通IGBT开关Q 111断开电路,单元内所有接触器触点复位。
图4(b)所示为方案一的滤波连接单元2在列车进站电制动时开关导通的电流流向图。当列车5如图2(b)所示进站电制动时,此时方案一的滤波连接单元2中双向导通IGBT开关Q 121导通电路,同时接触器常闭触点KM 122与接触器常闭触点KM 124导通,接触器常开触点KM 121与接触器常开触点KM 123断开,电流I 11分出电流I 112流经走行轨第二连接线202端至超级电容C 121正极端,再由超级电容C 121负极端经电感L 121(其中含电感L 121与超级电容C 121的内阻R 122)至走行轨第一连接线201端后回归成电流I 11流向车轮6,同时在走行轨并联段内阻R 121处形成的电压下,对超级电容C 121充电,充电满后双向导通IGBT开关Q 121断开电路。
图4(c)所示为方案一的滤波连接单元2在列车启动运行时开关导通的电流流向图。当列车5如图2(c)所示启动离开车站站台时,方案一的滤波连接单元2中双向导通IGBT开关Q 121导通电路,同时接触器常闭触点KM 122与接触器常闭触点KM 124导通,接触器常开触点KM 121与接触器常开触点KM 123断开,超级电容C 121释放电流I 120由正极端流经走行轨第二连接线202端、含内阻R 121的走行轨并联段、走行轨第一连接线201端、电感L 121再至超级电容C 121负极端形成回路(其中含电感L 121与超级电容C 121的内阻R 122)并形成电压,阻断回流I 12流向含内阻R 121的走行轨并联段,迫使回流I 12流经走行轨第一连接线201端、电感L 121、超级电容C 121、走行轨第二连接线202端的并联支路,由电感L 121对回流I 12的谐波成份进行滤波,其后回流I 12于走行轨第二连接线202端流向变电所7的负极端,而I 120重复流经上述并联支路;列车5加速至方案一的滤波连接单元2所处位置时,双向导通IGBT开关Q 121断开。
图4(d)所示为方案一的滤波连接单元2在加速并进入匀速状态之前开关导通的电流流向图。当列车5如图2(d)所示启动并加速后越过方案一的滤波连接单元2所处位置时,轨道回流方向变为图2(c)所示的反方向,此时方案一的滤波连接单元2中接触器常开触点KM 121与接触器常开触点KM 123导通,接触器常闭触点KM 122与接触器常闭触点KM 124断开,在极短时间差后双向导通IGBT开关Q 121导通电路,超级电容C 121释放电流I 131由正极端流经电感L 121、走行轨第一连接线201端、含内阻R 121的走行轨并联段、走行轨第二连接线202端再至超级电容C 121负极端形成回路(其中含电感L 121与超级电容C 121的内阻R 122)并形成电压,阻断回流I 13流向含内阻R 121的走行轨并联段,迫使回流I 13流经走行轨第二连接线202端、超级电容C 121、电感L 121、走行轨第一连接线201端的并联支路,由电感L 121对回流I 13的谐波成份进行滤波,其后回流I 13于走行轨第一连接线201端流向变电所8的负极端,而I 131重复流经上述并联支路;列车5加速完毕进入匀速状态时,双向导通IGBT开关Q 121断开电路,单元内所有接触器触点复位。
图5(b)所示为方案一的滤波连接单元3在列车进站电制动时开关导通的电流流向图。当列车5如图2(b)所示进站电制动时,此时方案一的滤波连接单元3中双向导通IGBT开关Q 131导通电路,电流I 11分出电流I 113流经走行轨第二连接线302端至超级电容C 131正极端,再由超级电容C 131负极端经电感L 131(其中含电感L 131与超级电容C 131的内阻R 132)至走行轨第一连接线301端后回归成电流I 11流向车轮6,同时在走行轨并联段内阻R 131处形成的电压下,对超级电容C 131充电,充电满后双向导通IGBT开关Q 131断开电路。
图5(c)所示为方案一的滤波连接单元3在列车启动运行时直至列车加速完毕进入匀速状态时开关导通的电流流向图。当列车5如图2(c)、图2(d)所示启动离开车站站台并加速时,方案一的滤波连接单元3中双向导通IGBT开关Q 131导通电路,已充满电的超级电容C 131释放电流I 121由正极端流经走行轨第二连接线302端、含内阻R 131的走行轨并联段、走行轨第一连接线301端、电感L 131再 至超级电容C 131负极端形成回路(其中含电感L 131与超级电容C 131的内阻R 132)并形成电压,阻断回流I 12流向含内阻R 131的走行轨并联段,迫使回流I 12流经走行轨第一连接线201端、电感L 121、超级电容C 121、走行轨第二连接线302端的并联支路,由电感L 131对回流I 12的谐波成份进行滤波,其后回流I 12于走行轨第二连接线302端流向变电所7的负极端,而I 121重复流经上述并联支路;列车5加速完毕进入匀速状态时,双向导通IGBT开关Q 111断开电路。
地铁列车之间间隔约为两分钟或以上,当后续跟随的第二列车重复列车5进站电制动时,如图2(b)所示,方案一的滤波连接单元1、方案一的滤波连接单元2、方案一的滤波连接单元3重复上述充电过程;
当第二列车重复列车5如图2(c)、图2(d)所示启动运行离开车站站台并加速时,方案一的滤波连接单元1、方案一的滤波连接单元2、方案一的滤波连接单元3重复上述滤波过程。
在选择电感和超级电容的参数上需避免谐振的产生;
通过控制芯片对所有单元中所有双向导通IGBT开关与所有接触器触点进行智能控制,对超级电容电流方向的改变进行调控,也对其可能的过压、过流进行保护;
当任何单元的任何并联支路中的电感、超级电容出现故障时,该单元双向导通IGBT开关立即断开电路,恢复到本发明使用前的状态,不会对列车运行造成任何影响。
本发明的技术方案二:
如图6(a)所示本发明的技术方案二包括:方案二的滤波连接单元1、方案二的滤波连接单元2(选择性使用)、方案二的滤波连接单元3;
如图6(a)所示,所述方案二的滤波连接单元1包括:走行轨第一连接线101端、绝缘接头J211、电感L 211、走行轨第二连接线102端,其中包含电感L 211的内阻R 211
其中,所述走行轨第一连接线101端通过焊接在走行轨轨腰处连接电感L 211的119端,并与绝缘接头J 211的117端连接,电感L 211的120端连接走行轨第二连接线102端,同时走行轨第二连接线102端与绝缘接头J 211的118端连接;
在上述方案的基础上,所述绝缘接头J 211接入走行轨非物理钢轨连续处,即绝缘接头J 211的117端与绝缘接头J 211的118端之间导电隔断,阻隔走行轨第一连接线101端与走行轨第二连接线102端之间的电流回路;
所述走行轨第一连接线101端与走行轨第二连接线102端两处与走行轨的焊接连接为钎焊接;
在上述方案的基础上,所述电感L 211的功能为阻挡回流的谐波成份,单元总体以少量电缆进行连接。
如图6(a)所示,所述方案二的滤波连接单元2包括:走行轨第一连接线201端、绝缘接头J 221、电感L 221、走行轨第二连接线202端,其中包含电感L 221的内阻R 221
其中,所述走行轨第一连接线201端通过焊接在走行轨轨腰处连接电感L 221的219端,并与绝缘接头J 221的217端连接,电感L 221的220端连接走行轨第二连接线202端,同时走行轨第二连接线202端与绝缘接头J 221的218端连接;
在上述方案的基础上,所述绝缘接头J 221接入走行轨非物理钢轨连续处,即绝缘接头J 221的217端与绝缘接头J 221的218端之间导电隔断,阻隔走行轨第一连接线201端与走行轨第二连接线202端之间的电流回路;
所述走行轨第一连接线201端与走行轨第二连接线202端两处与走行轨的焊接连接为钎焊接;
在上述方案的基础上,所述电感L 221的功能为阻挡回流的谐波成份,单元总体以少量电缆进行连接。
如图6(a)所示,所述方案二的滤波连接单元3包括:走行轨第一连接线301端、绝缘接头J 231、电感L 231、走行轨第二连接线302端,其中包含电感L 231的内阻R 231
其中,所述走行轨第一连接线301端通过焊接在走行轨轨腰处连接电感L 231的311端,并与绝缘接头J 231的309端连接,电感L 231的312端连接走行轨第二连接线302端,同时走行轨第二连接线302端与绝缘接头J 231的310端连接;
在上述方案的基础上,所述绝缘接头J 231接入走行轨非物理钢轨连续处,即绝缘接头J 231的309端与 绝缘接头J 231的310端之间导电隔断,阻隔走行轨第一连接线301端与走行轨第二连接线302端之间的电流回路;
所述走行轨第一连接线301端与走行轨第二连接线302端两处与走行轨的焊接连接为钎焊接;
在上述方案的基础上,所述电感L 231的功能为阻挡回流的谐波成份,单元总体以少量电缆进行连接。
实施方式:
所述减少地铁走行轨供电回流产生迷流的方法中,本发明的技术方案二的实施方式是:
根据回流电流的谐波成份=V·ω·C,本发明的技术方案二中所有绝缘接头处的电容(C)极小,谐波成份流过绝缘点亦极小;
图6(b)为方案二的滤波连接单元1、方案二的滤波连接单元2、方案二的滤波连接单元3在列车启动运行时的电流流向图。当列车5如图2(c)所示启动离开车站站台时,回流I 13通过车轮6对走行轨进行回流输出流向变电所8的负极端,此时方案二的滤波连接单元1在走行轨上的绝缘接头J 211对回流I 13形成阻隔,绝大部分I 13流经走行轨第二连接线102端、电感L 211(含其内阻R 211)、走行轨第一连接线101端的并联支路,后流向变电所8的负极端,此过程由电感L 211对回流I 13的谐波成份进行滤波;
回流I 12通过车轮6对走行轨进行回流输出流向变电所7的负极端,此时方案二的滤波连接单元2在走行轨上的绝缘接头J 221对回流I 12形成阻隔,绝大部分I 12流经走行轨第一连接线201端、电感L 221(含其内阻R 221)、走行轨第二连接线202端的并联支路,后流向变电所7的负极端,此过程由电感L 221对回流I 12的谐波成份进行滤波;此时方案二的滤波连接单元3在走行轨上的绝缘接头J 231亦对回流I 12形成阻隔,绝大部分I 12流经走行轨第一连接线301端、电感L 231(含其内阻R 231)、走行轨第二连接线302端的并联支路,后流向变电所7的负极端,此过程由电感L 231对回流I 12的谐波成份进行滤波。
图6(c)为方案二的滤波连接单元1、方案二的滤波连接单元2、方案二的滤波连接单元3在列车加速并进入匀速状态之前的电流流向图。当列车5如图2(d)所示启动并加速后越过方案二的滤波连接单元2所处位置时,此时方案二的滤波连接单元2在走行轨上的绝缘接头J 221对回流I 13形成阻隔,绝大部分回流I 13流经走行轨第二连接线202端、电感L 221(含其内阻R 221)、走行轨第一连接线201端的并联支路,后流向变电所8的负极端,此过程由电感L 221对回流I 13的谐波成份进行滤波;
此时方案二的滤波连接单元1、方案二的滤波连接单元3的滤波方式如图6(b)所示维持不变。
本发明的技术方案二中的所有单元可使用电感量较大的电感设备,提升滤波效果。
为了运行列车的无冲击平稳行驶,确保列车舒适性,现有轨道都是采用物理钢轨连续轨道,绝缘点的安装必然带来些许冲击,对已运营的线路改造带来不小的工作量,并且日常维护成本会增加。
本发明的技术方案三:
如图7(a)所示本发明的技术方案三包括:方案三的滤波连接单元1、方案三的滤波连接单元2(选择性使用)、方案三的滤波连接单元3;
如图7(a)所示,所述方案三的滤波连接单元1包括:走行轨第一连接线101端、电感L 311、走行轨第二连接线102端,其中包含走行轨并联段内阻R 311、电感L 311的内阻R 312
其中,所述走行轨第一连接线101端通过焊接在走行轨轨腰处连接电感L 311的121端,电感L 311的122端连接走行轨第二连接线102端;
在上述方案的基础上,所述走行轨第一连接线101端与走行轨第二连接线102端之间的走行轨自身在物理上保持总体连续不变,含走行轨并联段内阻R 311,走行轨第一连接线101端与走行轨并联段内阻R 311一端连接,走行轨第二连接线102端则与走行轨并联段内阻R 311另一端连接;
所述走行轨第一连接线101端与走行轨第二连接线102端两处与走行轨的焊接连接为钎焊接;
在上述方案的基础上,所述电感L 311的功能为阻挡回流的谐波成份,单元总体以少量电缆进行连接。
如图7(a)所示,所述方案三的滤波连接单元2包括:走行轨第一连接线201端、电感L 321、走行轨第二连接线202端,其中包含走行轨并联段内阻R 321、电感L 321的内阻R 322
其中,所述走行轨第一连接线201端通过焊接在走行轨轨腰处连接电感L 321的221端,电感L 321的222端连接走行轨第二连接线202端;
在上述方案的基础上,所述走行轨第一连接线201端与走行轨第二连接线202端之间的走行轨自身在物理上保持总体连续不变,含走行轨并联段内阻R 321,走行轨第一连接线201端与走行轨并联段内阻R 321一端连接,走行轨第二连接线202端则与走行轨并联段内阻R 321另一端连接;
所述走行轨第一连接线201端与走行轨第二连接线202端两处与走行轨的焊接连接为钎焊接;
在上述方案的基础上,所述电感L 321的功能为阻挡回流的谐波成份,单元总体以少量电缆进行连接。
如图7(a)所示,所述方案三的滤波连接单元3包括:走行轨第一连接线301端、电感L 331、走行轨第二连接线302端,其中包含走行轨并联段内阻R 331、电感L 331的内阻R 332
其中,所述走行轨第一连接线301端通过焊接在走行轨轨腰处连接电感L 331的313端,电感L 331的314端连接走行轨第二连接线302端;
在上述方案的基础上,所述走行轨第一连接线301端与走行轨第二连接线302端之间的走行轨自身在物理上保持总体连续不变,含走行轨并联段内阻R 331,走行轨第一连接线301端与走行轨并联段内阻R 331一端连接,走行轨第二连接线302端则与走行轨并联段内阻R 331另一端连接;
所述走行轨第一连接线301端与走行轨第二连接线302端两处与走行轨的焊接连接为钎焊接;
在上述方案的基础上,所述电感L 331的功能为阻挡回流的谐波成份,单元总体以少量电缆进行连接。
实施方式:
所述减少地铁走行轨供电回流产生迷流的方法中,本发明的技术方案三的实施方式是:
图7(b)为方案三的滤波连接单元1、方案三的滤波连接单元2、方案三的滤波连接单元3在列车启动运行时的电流流向图。当列车5如图2(c)所示启动离开车站站台时,回流I 13通过车轮6对走行轨进行回流输出流向变电所8的负极端,此时方案三的滤波连接单元1在物理连续的走行轨上并联电感L 311,回流I 13分出部分的回流I 133仍流经走行轨自身,即并联段内阻R 311,而在走行轨第二连接线102端处,回流I 13分出部分回流I 132,流经电感L 311(含其内阻R 312)、走行轨第一连接线101端的并联支路,后流向变电所8的负极端,此过程由电感L 311对回流I 132的谐波成份进行滤波;
回流I12通过车轮6对走行轨进行回流输出流向变电所7的负极端,此时方案三的滤波连接单元2在物理连续的走行轨上并联电感L 321,回流I 12分出部分的回流I 124仍流经走行轨自身,即并联段内阻R 321,而在走行轨第一连接线201端处,回流I 12分出部分回流I 122,流经电感L 321(含其内阻R 322)、走行轨第二连接线202端的并联支路,后流向变电所7的负极端,此过程由电感L 321对回流I 122的谐波成份进行滤波;此时方案三的滤波连接单元3在物理连续的走行轨上并联电感L 331,回流I 12分出部分的回流I 125仍流经走行轨自身,即并联段内阻R 331,而在走行轨第一连接线301端处,回流I 12分出部分回流I 123,流经电感L 331(含其内阻R 332)、走行轨第二连接线302端的并联支路,后流向变电所7的负极端,此过程由电感L 331对回流I 123的谐波成份进行滤波;
图7(c)为方案三的滤波连接单元1、方案三的滤波连接单元2、方案三的滤波连接单元3在列车加速并进入匀速状态之前的电流流向图。当列车5如图2(d)所示启动并加速后越过方案三的滤波连接单元2所处位置时,方案三的滤波连接单元2在物理连续的走行轨上并联电感L 321,回流I 13分出部分的回流I 135仍流经走行轨自身,即并联段内阻R 321,而在走行轨第二连接线202端处,回流I 13分出部分回流I 134,流经电感L 321(含其内阻R 322)、走行轨第一连接线201端的并联支路,后流向变电所8的负极端,此过程由电感L 321对回流I 134的谐波成份进行滤波;
此时方案三的滤波连接单元1、方案三的滤波连接单元3的滤波方式如图7(b)所示维持不变。
本发明的技术方案四:
见图8;
本发明的技术方案四是在所述本发明的技术方案一的基础上,结合所述本发明的技术方案三而构成,组合应用;
如图8所示,所述方案一的滤波连接单元1仍由走行轨第一连接线101端、走行轨第二连接线102 端与走行轨焊接连接构成第一并联支路,方案三的滤波连接单元1置于方案一的滤波连接单元1外围,由走行轨第三连接线141端、走行轨第四连接线142端与走行轨焊接连接,在电感L 411(含内阻R 413)与走行轨第四连接线142端之间增加双向导通IGBT开关Q 411,构成第二并联支路;
其中,所述走行轨第三连接线141端连接电感L 411的143端,电感L 411的144端与双向导通IGBT开关Q 411的145端连接,双向导通IGBT开关Q 411的146端与走行轨第四连接线142端连接;
所述走行轨第三连接线141端与走行轨第四连接线142端两处与走行轨的焊接连接为钎焊接;
在上述方案的基础上,所述走行轨第三连接线141端与走行轨第四连接线142端之间仍在物理上保持走行轨总体连续不变,含走行轨并联段内阻R 411、走行轨并联段内阻R 412
在上述方案的基础上,双向导通IGBT开关Q 421具备智能控制能力,由控制芯片对其进行控制,功能是当方案一的滤波连接单元1中超级电容C 111充电时,控制开关自身断开,使电容C 111在走行轨并联段内阻R 111段内形成的电压下充电。
如图8所示,所述方案一的滤波连接单元2仍由走行轨第一连接线201端、走行轨第二连接线202端与走行轨焊接连接构成第一并联支路,方案三的滤波连接单元2置于方案一的滤波连接单元2外围,由走行轨第三连接线241端、走行轨第四连接线242端与走行轨焊接连接,在电感L 421(含内阻R 423)与走行轨第四连接线242端之间增加双向导通IGBT开关Q 421,构成第二并联支路;
其中,所述走行轨第三连接线241端连接电感L 421的243端,电感L 421的244端与双向导通IGBT开关Q 421的245端连接,双向导通IGBT开关Q 421的246端与走行轨第四连接线242端连接;
所述走行轨第三连接线241端与走行轨第四连接线242端两处与走行轨的焊接连接为钎焊接;
在上述方案的基础上,所述走行轨第三连接线241端与走行轨第四连接线242端之间仍在物理上保持走行轨总体连续不变,含走行轨并联段内阻R 421、走行轨并联段内阻R 422
在上述方案的基础上,双向导通IGBT开关Q 421具备智能控制能力,由控制芯片对其进行控制,功能是当方案一的滤波连接单元2中超级电容C 121充电时,控制开关自身断开,使电容C 121在走行轨并联段内阻R 121段内形成的电压下充电。
如图8所示,所述方案一的滤波连接单元3仍由走行轨第一连接线301端、走行轨第二连接线302端与走行轨焊接连接构成第一并联支路,方案三的滤波连接单元3置于方案一的滤波连接单元3外围,由走行轨第三连接线341端、走行轨第四连接线342端与走行轨焊接连接,在电感L 431(含内阻R 433)与走行轨第四连接线342端之间增加双向导通IGBT开关Q 431,构成第二并联支路;
其中,所述走行轨第三连接线341端连接电感L 431的343端,电感L 431的344端与双向导通IGBT开关Q 431的345端连接,双向导通IGBT开关Q 431的346端与走行轨第四连接线342端连接;
所述走行轨第三连接线341端与走行轨第四连接线342端两处与走行轨的焊接连接为钎焊接;
在上述方案的基础上,所述走行轨第三连接线341端与走行轨第四连接线342端之间仍在物理上保持走行轨总体连续不变,含走行轨并联段内阻R 431、走行轨并联段内阻R 432
在上述方案的基础上,双向导通IGBT开关Q 431具备智能控制能力,由控制芯片对其进行控制,功能是当方案一的滤波连接单元3中超级电容C 131充电时,控制开关自身断开,使电容C 131在走行轨并联段内阻R 131段内形成的电压下充电;在上述方案的基础上,所述双向导通IGBT开关可以由接触器替代。
实施方式:
所述减少地铁走行轨供电回流产生迷流的方法中,本发明的技术方案四为在本发明的技术方案一的具体实施方式基础上结合本发明的技术方案三的具体实施方式而形成,实施方式是:
图8为本发明的技术方案四的连接单元结构示意图,当列车5如图2(b)所示进站电制动时,方案一的滤波连接单元1、方案一的滤波连接单元2、方案一的滤波连接单元3所构成的第一并联支路仍以本发明的技术方案一的实施方式运行;此时方案三的滤波连接单元1增加的双向导通IGBT开关Q 411、方案三的滤波连接单元2增加的双向导通IGBT开关Q 421、方案三的滤波连接单元3增加的双向导通IGBT开关Q 431全部断开,使方案一的滤波连接单元1、方案一的滤波连接单元2、方案一的 滤波连接单元3中的所有超级电容在各自走行轨并联段内阻段内形成的电压下充电。
当列车5如图2(c)、图2(d)所示启动运行离开车站站台并加速时,此时方案一的滤波连接单元1、方案一的滤波连接单元2、方案一的滤波连接单元3所构成的第一支路仍以本发明的技术方案一的实施方式运行;方案三的滤波连接单元1的双向导通IGBT开关Q 411、方案三的滤波连接单元2的双向导通IGBT开关Q 421、方案三的滤波连接单元3的双向导通IGBT开关Q 431全部导通运行第二并联支路,以本发明的技术方案三的实施方式运行,进一步增强回流谐波成份滤波功能。
本发明的技术方案四通过控制芯片对所有单元中所有双向导通IGBT开关与所有接触器触点进行智能控制,对超级电容电流方向的改变进行调控,也对其可能的过压、过流进行保护。
当任何单元的任何并联支路中的电感、超级电容出现故障时,该单元双向导通IGBT开关立即断开电路,恢复到本发明使用前的状态,不会对列车运行造成任何影响。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到的变化或替换,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此,本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求的保护范围为准。
本说明书中未作详细描述的内容属于本领域专业技术人员公知的现有技术。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种减少地铁走行轨供电回流产生迷流的方法,其特征在于:对作为迷流源的走行轨自身的回流谐波成份采用及实施滤波方法。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,在保持走行轨物理钢轨连续不变的状态下,采用并联电感、超级电容、IGBT开关、接触器的连接支路,通过对IGBT开关与接触器触点的控制,使超级电容放电,形成电压阻断并联轨段的正向导流,迫使电流走电感、超级电容、IGBT开关、接触器串联构成的并联支路,对回流的谐波成份进行有效的滤波。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,在走行轨物理钢轨非连续的状态下,同时并联电感,对回流的谐波成份进行有效的滤波。
  4. 一种用于实现权利要求1-3任一项减少地铁走行轨供电回流产生迷流的方法的系统,其特征在于:所述系统包括滤波模组,所述滤波模组包括多个滤波连接单元,所述多个滤波连接单元至少包括滤波连接单元1、滤波连接单元3;
    其中,所述滤波连接单元1于列车5停止在车站站台时列车尾端的走行轨轨腰处电连接,与走行轨并联;所述滤波连接单元3于列车5加速完毕进入匀速状态的时刻处的走行轨轨腰处电连接,与走行轨并联。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的系统,其特征在于,所述多个滤波连接单元还包括滤波连接单元2,所述滤波连接单元2于列车5停止在车站站台时列车头端的走行轨轨腰处电连接,与走行轨并联。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的系统,其特征在于,所述滤波模组的多个滤波连接单元各自与走行轨连接,为独立运行设备,互不连接。
  7. 如权利要求4-6任一项所述的系统,其特征在于,所述滤波模组的多个滤波连接单元分别包括至少一个电感,所述电感用于阻挡走行轨的回流的谐波成份。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的系统,其特征在于,所述滤波模组的至少一个滤波连接单元包括至少一个超级电容和至少一个开关,所述超级电容、所述开关与所述电感串联连接;其中,所述超级电容用于在所述滤波连接单元中放电以形成电流回路,阻断并联轨段的正向导流。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的系统,其特征在于,所述滤波连接单元包括至少一个接触器模组,所述接触器模组用于调节流经所述超级电容的电流方向。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的系统,其特征在于,所述接触器模组包括多个接触器常开触点和/或接触器常闭触点,所述超级电容与所述多个接触器常开触点和/或接触器常闭触点并联和/或串联连接。
  11. 如权利要求8-10任一项所述的系统,其特征在于,所述开关为双向导通IGBT开关,用于控制电流的正反方向流通,并对超级电容在储能及放电时可能的过压、过流进行调节保护。
  12. 如权利要求7所述的系统,其特征在于,所述系统包括在走行轨轨腰处设置有绝缘接头,所述滤波模组的至少一个滤波连接单元可以通过所述绝缘接头与走行轨轨腰处并联连接;所述绝缘接头用于阻隔走行轨的电流回路。
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