WO2023011335A1 - 一种随机接入的方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种随机接入的方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023011335A1
WO2023011335A1 PCT/CN2022/108824 CN2022108824W WO2023011335A1 WO 2023011335 A1 WO2023011335 A1 WO 2023011335A1 CN 2022108824 W CN2022108824 W CN 2022108824W WO 2023011335 A1 WO2023011335 A1 WO 2023011335A1
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Prior art keywords
random access
information
characteristic
configurations
configuration
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PCT/CN2022/108824
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
酉春华
郭英昊
科齐奥尔·戴维德
史玉龙
陈磊
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华为技术有限公司
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Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP22852048.2A priority Critical patent/EP4373200A1/en
Publication of WO2023011335A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023011335A1/zh
Priority to US18/432,504 priority patent/US20240179750A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0833—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/002—Transmission of channel access control information
    • H04W74/006—Transmission of channel access control information in the downlink, i.e. towards the terminal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W68/00—User notification, e.g. alerting and paging, for incoming communication, change of service or the like
    • H04W68/005—Transmission of information for alerting of incoming communication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/002—Transmission of channel access control information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W68/00—User notification, e.g. alerting and paging, for incoming communication, change of service or the like
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to a random access method and device.
  • a terminal device can indicate different information to the network side through a random access process. According to different indicated information, random access can be classified into different characteristics.
  • the network device configures a set of random access parameters for each characteristic to the terminal device, and the set of random access parameters includes all parameters used for random access. The more features there are, the more random access parameters are configured by the network device, and the more random access parameters are received by the terminal device, resulting in increased power consumption.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a method and device for random access, in order to reduce power consumption of random access parameters corresponding to receiving characteristics of terminal equipment.
  • a method for random access is provided, and the method may be executed by a terminal device, or may be executed by components of the terminal device.
  • the method may be implemented through the following steps: the terminal device receives system information of the network device, the system information is used to indicate a first random access configuration of N first characteristics, one of the first characteristics is a characteristic or a combination of characteristics, the The first random access configuration includes M first configurations and N second configurations, and there is a corresponding relationship between the M first configurations and the N second configurations, and M and N are positive integers; the terminal device according to the first configuration A random access configuration initiates random access.
  • this scheme does not send a complete set of random access parameters for each characteristic separately, but the random access configuration is for N first characteristics, and the first configuration is a shared configuration, and the shared configuration can be shared by multiple first characteristics parameters, the second configuration is a dedicated configuration, which is a configuration applicable to the first feature.
  • resources for transmitting random access configurations can be saved, power consumption of terminal equipment for receiving random access configurations can be saved, and system energy consumption can be saved.
  • the terminal device receives a paging message from the network device, where the paging message carries information of a second characteristic, and the information of the second characteristic is used for Indicating the characteristic or combination of characteristics corresponding to the downlink data to be received by the terminal device, where the second characteristic is one of the N first characteristics; the terminal device initiates random access according to the first random access configuration, including: the The terminal device initiates random access based on the first configuration and the second configuration corresponding to the second characteristic according to the first random access configuration and the information of the second characteristic.
  • the terminal device Since the terminal device receives the random access configuration of N first characteristics indicated by the system information, when the downlink data arrives, the paging message carries the second characteristic corresponding to the downlink data, so that the terminal device can use the second characteristic according to the second characteristic.
  • a configuration corresponding to the second characteristic is determined from the N random access configurations of the first characteristic, so that a preamble related to the second characteristic can be sent on a random access resource related to the second characteristic.
  • the paging message further includes random access type information, where the random access type information is used to indicate that the type of random access based on the second characteristic is two-step random access or four-step random access.
  • the terminal device receives the random access configurations of two-step random access and four-step random access, it can determine a random access configuration matching the random access type of the second characteristic according to the random access type information.
  • the terminal device determines the type of random access based on the second characteristic, the second characteristic is one of the N first characteristics, and the type of random access based on the second characteristic is two One-step random access or four-step random access; the terminal device sends message 1 or message 3 to the network device on the first random access resource corresponding to the type of random access based on the second characteristic, the message 1 or the message 3 is used to request the first random access configuration corresponding to the type of random access based on the second characteristic.
  • the terminal device requests the network device for the random access configuration corresponding to the random access type of the second characteristic, so that the network device can only send the random access configuration corresponding to the random access type of the second characteristic instead of sending the random access configuration corresponding to the random access type of the second characteristic
  • the random access configuration irrelevant to the random access type of the second feature can save overhead, and the terminal device can also save overhead for receiving the random access configuration.
  • the number of users is small, the number of preambles mapped to the small number of users is small, and the network device does not need to detect too many preambles. However, if the preamble in the random access configuration delivered by the network device If there are more codes, more preambles still need to be detected, resulting in a lower detection rate.
  • the network device when the network device only sends the random access configuration related to the random access type of the second characteristic, it can only detect the preamble related to the second characteristic, which effectively reduces the network device's Preamble detection amount.
  • a method for random access is provided, and the method may be executed by a network device or by components of the network device.
  • the method may be implemented through the following steps: the first network device generates system information, the system information is used to indicate a first random access configuration of N first characteristics, one of the first characteristics is a characteristic or a combination of characteristics, and the first characteristic is a combination of characteristics.
  • a random access configuration includes M first configurations and N second configurations, and there is a corresponding relationship between the M first configurations and the N second configurations, and M and N are positive integers; the first network device sends the terminal The device sends the system information.
  • the first network device receives a first paging message from a second network device, where the first paging message carries information about a second characteristic, and the second characteristic
  • the information is used to indicate the characteristic or combination of characteristics corresponding to the downlink data to be received by the terminal device, and the second characteristic is one of the N first characteristics;
  • the first network device sends a second paging message to the terminal device,
  • the second paging message carries the information of the second characteristic.
  • the second paging message further includes random access type information, where the random access type information is used to indicate that the type of random access based on the second characteristic is two-step random access or four-step random access.
  • the first network device sends indication information to the terminal device, where the indication information is used to indicate the correspondence between random access types and random access resources, where the random access types include two-step random access or four-step random access; the first network device receives message 1 or message 3 on a first random access resource, where the first random access resource corresponds to the first random access type; the first network device sends a message to the terminal
  • the device sending the system information includes: the first network device sending the first random access configuration corresponding to the first random access type to the terminal device according to the message 1 or the message 3 .
  • the present application can also provide the following possible designs:
  • the system information is also used to indicate a random access type of the first random access configuration, where the random access type includes two-step random access or four-step random access.
  • the terminal device determines the type of random access to be initiated, it can specifically determine the random access configuration matching the type of random access.
  • Mode 1 The system information includes M first information, and the M first information is used to indicate the M In a first configuration, each first information in the M pieces of first information includes: identifiers of one or more first characteristics in the N first characteristics.
  • the system information includes N pieces of second information, the N pieces of second information are used to indicate the N pieces of second configuration, and each piece of second information in the N pieces of second information includes: the N pieces of first characteristics An identifier of one of the first characteristics among the M first configurations, and an index of one of the first configurations among the M first configurations.
  • the terminal device receives indication information from the network device, where the indication information is used to indicate a correspondence between a random access type and a random access resource; The first random access resource corresponding to the access type.
  • the indication of the random access type can be realized through the random access procedure.
  • each first characteristic of the N first characteristics includes any one of the following characteristics or a combination of any plurality of characteristics: small data transmission, enhanced coverage, slicing, and simplified capabilities.
  • a communication device in a third aspect, is provided, and the device may be a terminal device, or may be a component (for example, a chip, or a chip system, or a circuit) located in the terminal device.
  • the device has the function of implementing the first aspect and the method in any possible design of the first aspect.
  • the functions may be implemented by hardware, or may be implemented by executing corresponding software through hardware.
  • Hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above-mentioned functions.
  • the device may include a processing unit and a transceiver unit.
  • the transceiver unit is used to receive system information of the network device, the system information is used to indicate the first random access configuration of N first characteristics, one of the first characteristics is a characteristic or a combination of characteristics, and the first random access configuration is The access configuration includes M first configurations and N second configurations, and there is a corresponding relationship between the M first configurations and the N second configurations, and M and N are positive integers; the processing unit is configured to The random access configuration initiates random access. More detailed descriptions of the above processing unit and the transceiver unit can be directly obtained by referring to the relevant description in the above first aspect. For the beneficial effects of the third aspect and various possible designs, reference may be made to the description of the corresponding part of the first aspect.
  • a communication device in a fourth aspect, may be a network device, or may be a component (for example, a chip, or a chip system, or a circuit) located in the network device.
  • the device has the function of realizing the above-mentioned second aspect and the method in any possible design of the second aspect.
  • the functions may be implemented by hardware, or may be implemented by executing corresponding software through hardware.
  • Hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above-mentioned functions.
  • the device may include a processing unit and a transceiver unit.
  • the processing unit is used to generate system information
  • the system information is used to indicate a first random access configuration of N first characteristics
  • one first characteristic is a characteristic or a combination of characteristics
  • the first random access configuration includes M
  • the transceiver unit is configured to send the system information to the terminal device. More detailed descriptions of the processing unit and the transceiver unit can be directly obtained by referring to the relevant descriptions in the second aspect above. For the beneficial effects of the fourth aspect and various possible designs, reference may be made to the description of the corresponding part of the second aspect.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, where the communication device includes an interface circuit and a processor, and the processor and the interface circuit are coupled to each other.
  • the processor implements the method described in the above first aspect and each possible design of the first aspect through a logic circuit or executing code instructions.
  • the interface circuit is used to receive signals from other communication devices other than the communication device and transmit to the processor or send signals from the processor to other communication devices other than the communication device. It can be understood that the interface circuit may be a transceiver or an input/output interface.
  • the communication device may further include a memory for storing instructions executed by the processor, or storing input data required by the processor to execute the instructions, or storing data generated after the processor executes the instructions.
  • the memory may be a physically independent unit, or may be coupled with the processor, or the processor includes the memory.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, where the communication device includes an interface circuit and a processor, and the processor and the interface circuit are coupled to each other.
  • the processor implements the method described in the above second aspect and each possible design of the second aspect through a logic circuit or executing code instructions.
  • the interface circuit is used to receive signals from other communication devices other than the communication device and transmit to the processor or send signals from the processor to other communication devices other than the communication device. It can be understood that the interface circuit may be a transceiver or an input/output interface.
  • the communication device may further include a memory for storing instructions executed by the processor, or storing input data required by the processor to execute the instructions, or storing data generated after the processor executes the instructions.
  • the memory may be a physically independent unit, or may be coupled with the processor, or the processor includes the memory.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, where a computer program or readable instruction is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program or readable instruction is executed by a communication device, the The methods described in the above aspects or in each possible design of the aspects are executed.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a chip system, where the chip system includes a processor and may further include a memory.
  • the memory is used to store programs, instructions or codes; the processor is used to execute the programs, instructions or codes stored in the memory, so as to implement the methods described in the above aspects or possible designs of each aspect.
  • the system-on-a-chip may consist of chips, or may include chips and other discrete devices.
  • a computer program product including instructions, which, when executed by a communication device, cause the method described in the first aspect or each possible design of the aspect to be executed.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system architecture in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a random access method in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the corresponding relationship between the first configuration and the second configuration in the random access configuration in the embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a random access method in a scenario in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a method for requesting system information in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 6 is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the communication device in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is the second structural diagram of the communication device in the embodiment of the present application.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a method and device for random access, in order to solve the problem of high energy consumption caused by terminal equipment receiving multiple sets of random access parameters corresponding to multiple characteristics.
  • the method and the device are conceived based on the same or similar technology. Since the principle of solving the problem of the method and the device is similar, the implementation of the device and the method can be referred to each other, and the repetition will not be repeated.
  • the random access method provided by the embodiment of the present application can be applied to the fourth generation (4th generation, 4G) communication system, such as long term evolution (long term evolution, LTE), and can also be applied to the fifth generation (5th generation, 5G) Communication systems, such as 5G new radio (new radio, NR), can also be applied to various communication systems that evolve in the future, such as the sixth generation (6th generation, 6G) communication system, or the air-space-sea-ground integrated communication system.
  • 4G fourth generation
  • 5th generation, 5G fifth generation
  • 5G new radio new radio
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication system 1000 applied in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication system includes a radio access network 100 , and optionally, the communication system 1000 may further include a core network 200 and the Internet 300 .
  • the radio access network 100 may include at least one network device (such as 110a and 110b in FIG. 1 ), and may also include at least one terminal (such as 120a-120j in FIG. 1 ).
  • the terminal is connected to the network device in a wireless manner, and the network device is connected to the core network in a wireless or wired manner.
  • Core network equipment and network equipment can be independent and different physical equipment, or the functions of the core network equipment and the logical functions of the network equipment can be integrated on the same physical equipment, or a physical equipment can integrate part of the core network equipment. device functions and functions of some network devices. Terminals and network devices may be connected to each other in a wired or wireless manner.
  • FIG. 1 is only a schematic diagram.
  • the communication system may also include other network devices, such as wireless relay devices and wireless backhaul devices, which are not shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the network equipment can be a base station (base station), an evolved base station (evolved NodeB, eNodeB), a transmission reception point (transmission reception point, TRP), and a next-generation base station (next station) in the fifth generation (5th generation, 5G) mobile communication system.
  • generation NodeB, gNB the next-generation base station in the sixth generation (6th generation, 6G) mobile communication system, the base station in the future mobile communication system or the access node in the WiFi system, etc.; it can also be a module that completes some functions of the base station Or unit, for example, can be a centralized unit (central unit, CU) or a distributed unit (distributed unit, DU).
  • the CU here completes the functions of the radio resource control protocol and the packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) of the base station, and also completes the function of the service data adaptation protocol (SDAP); the DU completes the functions of the base station
  • the functions of the radio link control layer and the medium access control (medium access control, MAC) layer can also complete the functions of part of the physical layer or all of the physical layer.
  • 3rd generation partnership project, 3GPP third generation partnership project
  • the network device may be a macro base station (such as 110a in Figure 1), a micro base station or an indoor station (such as 110b in Figure 1), or a relay node or a donor node.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific technology and specific device form adopted by the network device.
  • a base station is used as an example of a network device for description below.
  • a terminal may also be called terminal equipment, user equipment (user equipment, UE), mobile station, mobile terminal, and so on.
  • Terminals can be widely used in various scenarios, such as device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), Internet of Things ( internet of things, IOT), virtual reality, augmented reality, industrial control, autonomous driving, telemedicine, smart grid, smart furniture, smart office, smart wearables, smart transportation, smart city, etc.
  • Terminals can be mobile phones, tablet computers, computers with wireless transceiver functions, wearable devices, vehicles, drones, helicopters, airplanes, ships, robots, robotic arms, smart home devices, etc.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific technology and specific device form adopted by the terminal.
  • Base stations and terminals can be fixed or mobile. Base stations and terminals can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; they can also be deployed on water; they can also be deployed on aircraft, balloons and artificial satellites in the air. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the application scenarios of the base station and the terminal.
  • the helicopter or UAV 120i in FIG. base station for base station 110a, 120i is a terminal, that is, communication between 110a and 120i is performed through a wireless air interface protocol.
  • communication between 110a and 120i may also be performed through an interface protocol between base stations.
  • 120i compared to 110a, 120i is also a base station. Therefore, both the base station and the terminal can be collectively referred to as a communication device, 110a and 110b in FIG. 1 can be referred to as a communication device with a base station function, and 120a-120j in FIG. 1 can be referred to as a communication device with a terminal function.
  • the communication between the base station and the terminal, between the base station and the base station, and between the terminal and the terminal can be carried out through the licensed spectrum, the communication can also be carried out through the unlicensed spectrum, and the communication can also be carried out through the licensed spectrum and the unlicensed spectrum at the same time; Communications may be performed on frequency spectrums below megahertz (gigahertz, GHz), or communications may be performed on frequency spectrums above 6 GHz, or communications may be performed using both frequency spectrums below 6 GHz and frequency spectrums above 6 GHz.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit the frequency spectrum resources used for wireless communication.
  • the functions of the base station may also be performed by modules (such as chips) in the base station, or may be performed by a control subsystem including the functions of the base station.
  • the control subsystem including base station functions here may be the control center in the above application scenarios such as smart grid, industrial control, intelligent transportation, and smart city.
  • the functions of the terminal may also be performed by a module (such as a chip or a modem) in the terminal, or may be performed by a device including the terminal function.
  • the network device sends downlink signals or downlink information to the terminal device, and the downlink information is carried on the downlink channel; the terminal device sends uplink signals or uplink information to the network device, and the uplink information is carried on the uplink channel.
  • the terminal device In order to communicate with the network device, the terminal device needs to establish a wireless connection with the cell controlled by the network device.
  • Random access types may include 4-step random access and 2-step random access.
  • the terminal device sends a random access preamble (preamble) to the network device, the network device returns a random access response to the terminal, and the terminal sends a message 3 (Msg3) to the network device, which is the physical uplink Shared channel (physical uplink shared channel, PUSCH).
  • Msg3 message 3
  • the terminal device sends a message A (msgA) to the network device, and the network device sends a message B to the terminal, where message A consists of two parts, and message A consists of a physical random access channel (physical random access channel, PRACH) and the message sent by the PUSCH channel.
  • message A consists of two parts
  • message A consists of a physical random access channel (physical random access channel, PRACH) and the message sent by the PUSCH channel.
  • PRACH physical random access channel
  • message 1 or message 3 can be used to carry indication information to indicate the information corresponding to the characteristics to the network equipment.
  • the network equipment can be based on message 1 or The instruction information carried in the message 3 is subsequently transmitted.
  • a characteristic of small data transfer refers to a small data transfer in an inactive or idle state.
  • a terminal device in an inactive or idle state may carry uplink user data in message 3 or msgA, and the amount of uplink data is less than a certain threshold, which may be called small data.
  • the characteristic is enhanced coverage (coverage enhancement, CE), and the uplink coverage of the random access is enhanced by repeatedly sending the message 3.
  • coverage enhancement CE
  • the uplink coverage of the random access is enhanced by repeatedly sending the message 3.
  • the characteristic is a slice (slice), and different slices correspond to different services and different transmission requirements, and network devices provide targeted services by allocating random access resources.
  • the feature is reduced capability or simplified capability (reduced capability, Redcap).
  • reduced capability reduced capability, Redcap
  • the terminal device may carry indication information in message 1 or message 3, which is used to indicate the reduced capability to the network device, so that the network can adapt to subsequent transmission.
  • feature combination also known as subject combination.
  • a feature combination includes multiple features, or a feature combination consists of multiple features.
  • a feature combination includes feature A and feature B, which means that the feature combination has both feature A and feature B.
  • Feature combinations supported by different terminal devices may be different. Some examples of feature combinations are given below.
  • a feature combination includes small data transmission and reduced capability, and the first feature can be understood as small data transmission for UEs with reduced capability.
  • a feature combination is a combination of small data transmission and coverage enhancement, which has both the characteristics of small data transmission and the characteristics of coverage enhancement;
  • a feature combination is a combination of small data transfers, slicing, capacity reduction, and coverage enhancement
  • a feature combination is a combination of ability reduction and slicing
  • a feature combination is a combination of coverage enhancement and slicing
  • a combination of features is a combination of small data transmission, reduced capacity, and enhanced coverage
  • a feature combination is a combination of small data transfers, capacity reduction, and slicing
  • a feature combination is a combination of capability reduction, coverage enhancement, and slicing
  • a combination of features is a combination of small data transfer, capacity reduction, coverage enhancement, and slicing.
  • a characteristic or a combination of characteristics may be collectively referred to as a first characteristic, and a first characteristic may be a characteristic or a combination of characteristics.
  • the first characteristic may be one characteristic or a combination of characteristics. It can be understood that the "first characteristic” is equivalent to the concept of "characteristic/characteristic combination”.
  • a network device may support one or more first characteristics, and a terminal device may also support one or more first characteristics.
  • the network device configures a set of random access parameters for each first characteristic to the terminal device, and the set of random access parameters includes all parameters used for random access, so that when the first feature supported by the terminal device The more features there are, the more parameters need to be received, and the more parameters need to be sent for network devices, which will undoubtedly bring a lot of resource consumption and function consumption to both terminal devices and network devices.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a random access method, which can save the function of the terminal device to receive the random access parameter corresponding to the first characteristic supported by the terminal device, and save system energy consumption.
  • the flow of the random access method provided by the embodiment of the present application is as follows.
  • the network device sends system information to the terminal device, and the terminal device receives the system information of the network device.
  • the system information is used to indicate the first random access configuration of the N first characteristics, and one first characteristic of the N first characteristics may be one characteristic or a combination of characteristics.
  • the first random access configuration includes M first configurations and N second configurations, and there is a corresponding relationship between the M first configurations and the N second configurations, and M and N are positive integers.
  • Both the first configuration and the second configuration are random access configurations, and both the first configuration and the second configuration include random access configuration parameters.
  • the N first features may be first features supported by the terminal device.
  • N first characteristics correspond to N second configurations one-to-one, that is, one first characteristic among N first characteristics corresponds to one second configuration among N second configurations, and the second configuration can also be called a dedicated configuration , the second configuration is a dedicated configuration of the first characteristic corresponding to the second configuration.
  • the first configuration may also be referred to as a public configuration, where the public configuration refers to a random access configuration shared by multiple first characteristics.
  • a random access configuration of the first characteristic includes a first configuration and a second configuration, and the first configuration and the second configuration are configurations corresponding to the first characteristic.
  • the terminal device initiates random access according to the first random access configuration.
  • this solution does not send a complete set of random access parameters for each first characteristic separately, but the random access configuration is for N first characteristics, and the first configuration is a shared configuration, and the shared configuration can is a parameter shared by multiple first features, the second configuration is a dedicated configuration, and is a configuration applicable to one first feature.
  • the random access configuration is for N first characteristics
  • the first configuration is a shared configuration
  • the shared configuration can is a parameter shared by multiple first features
  • the second configuration is a dedicated configuration
  • is a configuration applicable to one first feature In this way, resources for transmitting random access configurations can be saved, power consumption of terminal equipment for receiving random access configurations can be saved, and system energy consumption can be saved.
  • the system information is used to indicate the first random access configuration of five first characteristics.
  • the five first characteristics are in one-to-one correspondence with the five second configurations, that is, each first characteristic has its corresponding second configuration.
  • Three first configurations correspond to five second configurations, and one first configuration corresponds to one or more second configurations.
  • the three first configurations are respectively represented by the first configuration 1, the first configuration 2 and the first configuration 3
  • the five second configurations are respectively represented by the second configuration 1, the second configuration 2... ... the second configuration 5 represents.
  • the five first characteristics are represented by the first characteristic 1, the first characteristic 2...the first characteristic 5, respectively.
  • the five second configurations are the five dedicated configurations of the first feature, for example, the second configuration 1 is the dedicated configuration of the first feature 1, the second configuration 2 is the dedicated configuration of the first feature 2, and so on, the second configuration 5 It is a special configuration for the first feature 5. It is assumed that the first configuration 1 corresponds to the second configuration 1 and the second configuration 2 , the first configuration 2 corresponds to the second configuration 2 , and the first configuration 3 corresponds to the second configuration 4 and the second configuration 5 . It can also be understood that the first configuration 1 is the common configuration of the first characteristic 1 and the first characteristic 2, the first configuration 2 is the common configuration of the first characteristic 3, and the first configuration 3 is the common configuration of the first characteristic 4 and the first characteristic 5 public configuration.
  • the first random access configuration may be configurations of different random access types.
  • the system information may also be used to indicate the random access type of the first random access configuration, where the random access type includes two-step random access or four-step random access.
  • the random access type of the first random access configuration may be two-step random access or four-step random access.
  • the system information can send two sets of random access configurations, such as the first random access configuration and the second random access configuration, and the functions, concepts and related embodiments of the second random access configuration can refer to the first random access configuration .
  • the random access type of the first random access configuration is two-step random access
  • the random access type of the second random access configuration is four-step random access
  • the random access type of the first random access configuration is four-step random access one-step random access
  • the random access type of the second random access configuration is two-step random access.
  • the terminal device can obtain the random access configuration of the four-step random access and the random access configuration of the two-step random access.
  • the terminal device may select a random access configuration corresponding to the random access type according to the type of random access initiation.
  • the M first configurations and N second configurations indicated by the system information may be embodied in a list (list), for example, the system information indicates a first configuration list and a second configuration list, and the first configuration list includes the first configuration 1, The first configuration 2, ..., the first configuration M, and the second configuration list includes the first configuration 1, the first configuration 2, ..., the first configuration N.
  • the first configuration list may also be called a random access public configuration list (RA common configuration list), and the second configuration list may also be called a dedicated configuration list (feature combination specific configuration list).
  • the first configuration may include one or more of the following parameters:
  • Physical random access channel Physical random access channel, PRACH
  • configuration index Physical random access channel index
  • Total number preambles used to indicate the total number of preambles corresponding to the first configuration, for example, the total number is 64;
  • the SSB (ssb-perRACH-occasion) corresponding to each PRACH transmission opportunity (RACH occasion, RO) is used to indicate the mapping relationship between SSB and RO, that is, how many SSBs one RO corresponds to.
  • One RO represents a block of time-frequency resources used to transmit the preamble, including one or more subcarriers in the frequency domain, and one or more time-domain symbols in the time domain.
  • message 1 is the preamble, which can be used for four-step random access or two-step random access Access, for two-step random access, msg1 is the preamble of message A.
  • FDM frequency division multiplexing
  • the above are parameters that may be included in the first configuration.
  • the terminal device may use the above parameters in the first configuration for the first characteristic sharing the first configuration.
  • the second configuration may include one or more of the following parameters:
  • RO mask index used to indicate the RO subset (RO subset), for example, the RO mask index is used to indicate the even-numbered RO, or to indicate the odd-numbered RO RO.
  • the terminal device may determine the RO corresponding to the first characteristic according to the parameter RO mask index. Specifically, an RO set can be configured through the first configuration, and an RO subset in the RO set can be determined through the RO mask index.
  • Preamble numbers which is used to indicate the number of preambles corresponding to the first characteristic.
  • CB-preamblePerSSB The contention-based preamble (CB-preamblePerSSB) corresponding to each SSB is used to indicate the correspondence between the SSB and the preamble, and how many preambles one SSB corresponds to.
  • GroupBconfigured Configuration of group B (GroupBconfigured), used to indicate preamble group B information.
  • the PUSCH configuration in message A (MSGA) is used to indicate the MSGA PUSCH resource for two-step random access, and there is no such parameter for four-step random access.
  • the terminal device may also determine the random access type of the first random access configuration according to whether this parameter is included in the second configuration. If the second configuration includes this parameter, the random access type of the first random access configuration is two step random access.
  • the above parameters included in the first configuration and the second configuration are only examples, and more or fewer parameters may be included in actual applications.
  • the system information may be used to indicate the M first configurations and the N second configurations, and may also be used to indicate the correspondence between the M first configurations and the N second configurations.
  • the system information includes M pieces of first information, the M pieces of first information are used to indicate M first configurations, and one piece of first information is used to indicate one first configuration.
  • Each first information in the M pieces of first information includes: identifiers of one or more first characteristics in the N first characteristics. In this way, the identification of the first characteristic included in the first information can indicate which first configuration the first configuration indicated by the first information is a common configuration of the first characteristic or characteristics. If the first characteristic is a combination of characteristics, the identifier of the first characteristic may be the identifiers of multiple characteristics included in the combination of characteristics.
  • the identifier of the first characteristic is an ID of a slice or an ID of a slice group (slice group).
  • the system information includes N pieces of second information, and the N pieces of second information are used to indicate N second configurations, where one piece of second information is used to indicate one second configuration.
  • Each of the N pieces of second information includes: an identifier of one of the N first characteristics, and an index of one of the M first configurations. In this way, through the identifier of the first characteristic carried in the second information, it can indicate which first characteristic the second configuration indicated by the second information is a dedicated configuration of the first characteristic, and through the index of the first configuration carried in the second information, Which first configuration the second configuration indicated by the second information is associated with may be indicated.
  • the index of the first configuration may be the sequence numbers of the M first configurations, for example, the sequence numbers are 0 ⁇ (M ⁇ 1), or the sequence numbers are 1 ⁇ M.
  • the corresponding relationship between the M first configurations and the N second configurations can be determined through the identifiers of the first characteristics in the first information and the identifiers of the first characteristics in the second information. There is a corresponding relationship between the first configuration and the second configuration associated with the identification of the characteristic.
  • the correspondence between the M first configurations and the N second configurations can be determined through the index of the first configuration in the second information, and the second information includes the first configuration corresponding to the index of the first configuration, and The second configuration indicated by the second information has a corresponding relationship.
  • the terminal device may use parameters in an existing random access configuration.
  • the existing random access configuration may include the existing configurations of the four-step random access type and the two-step random access type, then the second configuration may also include the random access type, and the terminal device may use the random access type in the second configuration Determine parameters in an existing random access configuration.
  • the random access resources of the two-step random access type are configured in the random access general configuration two-step RA information element (RACH-ConfigCommonTwoStepRA IE) in the system information, which can be separated from the four-step random access type, and can also be combined with Four-step random access type sharing.
  • Preamble partitioning is accomplished by extending the contention-based preamble region associated with the SSB and assigning the extended preamble to two-step random access. Then, the two-step random access preamble can be split into Group A (Group A) and Group B (Group B).
  • Group A Group A
  • Group B Group B
  • the number of preambles can be extended to more than 64.
  • the terminal device After receiving the system information, the terminal device determines the corresponding first configuration and second configuration according to the characteristics or combination of characteristics (assumed to be recorded as the second characteristic) that need to initiate random access at present, and initiates according to the first configuration and the second configuration. random access.
  • the characteristic or characteristic combination that the terminal device currently needs to initiate random access may be recorded as the second characteristic.
  • the second characteristic may be one characteristic or a combination of characteristics.
  • a random access method in a scenario is as follows.
  • the first network device sends system information to the terminal device, and correspondingly, the terminal device receives the system information of the first network device.
  • This step is the same as S301, and the first network device in this step is the network device in S301, the description of S301 can be referred to, and details are not repeated here.
  • the second network device acquires downlink data of the terminal device.
  • the second network device is the network device of the last serving cell (last serving cell) of the terminal device, and the second network device receives the downlink data from the UPF, and the characteristic or characteristic combination corresponding to the downlink data is the second characteristic.
  • the second network device sends a first paging message, where the first paging message carries information about the second characteristic.
  • the first network device receives the first paging message.
  • the information of the second characteristic is used to indicate the characteristic or characteristic combination corresponding to the downlink data.
  • the first paging message may be an Xn message.
  • the first paging message may further include random access type information, and the random access type information is used to indicate that the type of random access initiated by the terminal device with the second characteristic is two-step random access or four-step random access.
  • the first paging message may further include priority information, which is used to indicate the priority of the second characteristic. The higher the priority, the terminal device preferentially initiates the random access corresponding to the second characteristic.
  • the first network device sends the second paging message, and the terminal device receives the second paging message.
  • the second paging message includes some information carried in the first paging message.
  • the second paging message carries the information of the second characteristic, may also carry random access type information, and may also carry priority information.
  • the second paging message may be an Un message.
  • the terminal device acquires the information carried in the second paging message.
  • the terminal device may determine the first characteristic corresponding to the downlink data to be received according to the second characteristic information carried in the second paging message.
  • the random access type information carried in the second paging message may indicate that the random access initiated by the terminal device type. If the system information sent by the first network device in S401 only includes random access configuration of one random access type, the second paging message may also not carry random access type information.
  • the second paging message may further include a non-contention-based random access resource corresponding to the first characteristic, and the non-contention-based random access resource initiates random access.
  • the terminal device initiates random access based on the first configuration and the second configuration corresponding to the second characteristic according to the first random access configuration and the information about the second characteristic.
  • the terminal device determines a first configuration and a second configuration corresponding to the first characteristic according to the first random access configuration received in S401.
  • the terminal device initiates random access to the first network device based on the first configuration and the second configuration according to the second paging message.
  • the terminal device determines to initiate two-step random access or four-step random access to the first network device according to the random access type in the second paging message.
  • the terminal device initiates two-step random access to the first network device, then: based on the first configuration and the second configuration corresponding to the second characteristic, the terminal device determines the random access time-frequency resource and the preamble (message A), random access time-frequency resources include PRACH time-frequency resources and PUSCH time-frequency resources.
  • the terminal device sends the preamble corresponding to the second characteristic to the first network device on the PRACH time-frequency resource corresponding to the second characteristic.
  • the terminal device sends an RRC resume request (RRC resume request) corresponding to the second characteristic to the first network device on the PUSCH time-frequency resource corresponding to the second characteristic.
  • the network device sends a random access response to the terminal device, and the random access response (message B) includes a success RAR message (success RAR) or a rollback RAR message (fall back RAR) or an RRC release (release) message, and the success RAR includes a contention
  • the fall back RAR may include: an uplink grant (UL grant), a timing advance command (TA command), or a temporary cell radio network temporary identifier (temporary C-RNTI).
  • the terminal device determines the random access time-frequency resource and preamble corresponding to the second characteristic based on the first configuration and the second configuration corresponding to the second characteristic, and the terminal The device sends the preamble corresponding to the second characteristic to the first network device on the PRACH time-frequency resource corresponding to the second characteristic, and the preamble may be carried in message 1.
  • the network device receives the preamble and sends message 2 to the terminal device, which is a random access response, and the terminal device receives the random access response.
  • the random access response may include: uplink grant (UL grant), TA command, or temporary C-RNTI .
  • the terminal device sends a message 3 to the network device.
  • the message 3 may be an RRC recovery request, and small data may be carried in the RRC recovery request.
  • the network device sends message 4, which is a contention resolution message, to the terminal device, and the terminal device receives the contention resolution message.
  • the network device sends an RRC release message (RRC release) message to the terminal device, and the terminal device receives the RRC release message.
  • RRC release message and the contention resolution message may be carried in the same message 4, or may be carried in different messages.
  • the above two-step random access and four-step random access both include the RRC recovery request.
  • the first network device can perform the following operations.
  • the first network device sends the UE context recovery request to the second network device.
  • request (Retrieve UE context request)
  • the first network device verifies the identity of the terminal device and identifies the context of the terminal device according to the UE context recovery request.
  • the first network device receives a UE context recovery response (Retrieve UE context respond), where the UE context recovery response includes address information of the dedicated tunnel and context information of the terminal device.
  • the first network device receives the downlink data through the dedicated tunnel, and generates an RRC release message according to the UE context recovery response.
  • the first network device sends an RRC release message and downlink data to the terminal device to complete the random access process.
  • the network device sends system information to the terminal device.
  • the system information may carry random access configurations of two-step random access, random access configurations of four-step random access, or two sets of random access configurations. , one set for two-step random access and the other for four-step random access.
  • the terminal device may send a system information request message to the network device, and the system information request message is used to request a specified random access type system information. This design will be described in detail below.
  • the flow of the method for requesting system information is as follows.
  • the terminal device determines the type of random access based on the second characteristic, where the second characteristic is a characteristic or a combination of characteristics supported by the terminal device, or the second characteristic is a characteristic or a combination of characteristics corresponding to the random access to be initiated by the terminal device .
  • the type of random access based on the second characteristic is two-step random access or four-step random access.
  • the terminal device sends a message 1 or message 3 to the network device on the first random access resource corresponding to the type of random access based on the second characteristic, and the message 1 or message 3 is used to request a connection with the random access based on the second characteristic
  • the first random access configuration corresponding to the random access type.
  • the network device receives message 1 or message 3 on the first random access resource.
  • the network device determines, according to the first random access resource, a random access type corresponding to the first random access resource, which is denoted as the first random access type.
  • the network device sends system information to the terminal device, where the system information includes a random access configuration corresponding to the first random access type.
  • S500-1 and S500-2 are also included before S501.
  • the network device sends indication information to the terminal device, and the terminal device receives the indication information.
  • the indication information is used to indicate the correspondence between random access types and random access resources.
  • the random access resource indication information may indicate random access resources corresponding to two-step random access and random access resources corresponding to four-step random access.
  • the terminal device determines the first random access resource corresponding to the type of random access based on the second characteristic according to the indication information.
  • the random access resource corresponding to the two-step random access can be determined according to the random access resource indication information. Send message 1 or message 3 to the network device on the corresponding random access resource. If the terminal device determines that the type of random access based on the second characteristic is four-step random access, the random access resource corresponding to the four-step random access can be determined according to the random access resource indication information. Send message 1 or message 3 to the network device on the corresponding random access resource.
  • the random access resource indication information may also indicate message 1 or message 3. If the random access resource indication information indicates message 1, the terminal device sends message 1 to the network device, where message 1 is used to request the first random access configuration corresponding to the type of random access based on the second characteristic. If the random access resource indication information indicates message 3, the terminal device sends message 3 to the network device, where message 3 is used to request the first random access configuration corresponding to the type of random access based on the second characteristic.
  • Message 1 and message 3 may be message 1 and message 3 in the four-step random access process.
  • Message 1 may also be message A in the two-step random access process.
  • Message 1 can be called a request message (MSG1-based SI request) based on the system information of message 1.
  • the network device After receiving the MSG1-based SI request, the network device can send a random access response to the terminal device, and the terminal device receives the random access response. After responding, it is determined that the network device receives the MSG1-based SI request.
  • the network device receives the MSG1-based SI request on the first random access resource corresponding to the type of random access based on the second characteristic, so it can determine the first random access resource corresponding to the first random access resource type, the network device sends system information to the terminal device, and the system information carries the random access configuration corresponding to the first random access type.
  • the terminal device If the terminal device requests the first random access configuration corresponding to the random access type of the second characteristic through message 3, before sending message 3, it also performs the steps of message 1 and message 2, specifically refer to the four-step random access process . For example, the terminal device sends a preamble to the network device, and the network device sends a random access response (RAR) to the terminal device.
  • RAR random access response
  • the network device can determine the random access type according to the random access resource when receiving message 1 or message 3 according to the corresponding relationship between the random access type and the random access resource, and send a message corresponding to the random access type Corresponding random access configuration.
  • the terminal device may also carry random access type indication information in message 1 or message 3, where the random access type indication information is used to indicate a preferred random access type (preferred RA type).
  • the network device may also send the random access configuration corresponding to the random access type indicated by the random access type indication information to the terminal device according to the random access type indication information.
  • the terminal device may also request random access configurations corresponding to one or more first characteristics through message 1/message 3.
  • message 1 or message 3 may carry a bit pattern (bit map), and indicate multiple first characteristics of the request through the bit map.
  • message 1 or message 3 may carry the identifier of the first characteristic.
  • the network device and the terminal device include hardware structures and/or software modules corresponding to each function.
  • the present application can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software with reference to the units and method steps of the examples described in the embodiments disclosed in the present application. Whether a certain function is executed by hardware or computer software drives the hardware depends on the specific application scenario and design constraints of the technical solution.
  • FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 are schematic structural diagrams of possible communication devices provided by the embodiments of the present application. These communication apparatuses may be used to realize the functions of the terminal device or the network device in the foregoing method embodiments, and thus also realize the beneficial effects of the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the communication device may be one of the terminals 120a-120j shown in FIG. 1, or the base station 110a or 110b shown in FIG. 1, or a terminal or a base station Modules (such as chips).
  • a communication device 600 includes a processing unit 610 and a transceiver unit 620 .
  • the communication device 600 is configured to realize the functions of the terminal device or the network device in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the transceiver unit 620 is used to receive system information; the processing unit 610 is used to initiate random access according to the first random access configuration.
  • the processing unit 610 is used to generate system information
  • the transceiver unit 620 is used to send the system information to the terminal device
  • processing unit 610 and the transceiver unit 620 can be directly obtained by referring to related descriptions in the above method embodiments, and details are not repeated here.
  • a communication device 700 includes a processor 710 and an interface circuit 720 .
  • the processor 710 and the interface circuit 720 are coupled to each other.
  • the interface circuit 720 may be a transceiver or an input-output interface.
  • the communication device 700 may further include a memory 730 for storing instructions executed by the processor 710, or storing input data required by the processor 710 to execute the instructions, or storing data generated by the processor 710 after executing the instructions.
  • the processor 710 is used to implement the functions of the processing unit 610
  • the interface circuit 720 is used to implement the functions of the transceiver unit 620 .
  • the chip of the terminal device implements the functions of the terminal device in the above method embodiment.
  • the chip of the terminal device receives information from other modules in the terminal device (such as radio frequency modules or antennas), which is sent by the network device to the terminal device; or, the chip of the terminal device sends information to other modules in the terminal device (such as radio frequency modules) module or antenna) to send information, which is sent by the terminal device to the network device.
  • the network equipment module implements the functions of the network equipment in the above method embodiments.
  • the network device module receives information from other modules in the network device (such as radio frequency modules or antennas), and the information is sent to the network device by the terminal; or, the network device module sends information to other modules in the network device (such as radio frequency modules or antennas) ) to send information, which is sent by the network device to the terminal.
  • the network device module here may be a baseband chip of the network device, or a DU or other modules, and the DU here may be a DU under an open radio access network (O-RAN) architecture.
  • OF-RAN open radio access network
  • the processor in the embodiments of the present application can be a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), and can also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), Field Programmable Gate Array (Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components or any combination thereof.
  • a general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor, or any conventional processor.
  • Part or all of the operations and functions performed by the terminal device described in the above method embodiments of the present application, or part or all of the operations and functions performed by the network device may be implemented by a chip or an integrated circuit.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a chip, including a processor, used to support the communication device to implement the functions involved in the terminal or network device in the above method embodiment .
  • the chip is connected to a memory or the chip includes a memory, and the memory is used for storing necessary program instructions and data of the communication device.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, where the computer program includes instructions for executing the foregoing method embodiments.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a computer program product containing instructions, which, when run on a computer, enable the above method embodiments to be realized.
  • the method steps in the embodiments of the present application may be implemented by means of hardware, or may be implemented by means of a processor executing software instructions.
  • Software instructions can be composed of corresponding software modules, and software modules can be stored in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, erasable programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable read-only Memory, registers, hard disk, removable hard disk, CD-ROM or any other form of storage medium known in the art.
  • An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor such the processor can read information from, and write information to, the storage medium.
  • the storage medium may also be a component of the processor.
  • the processor and storage medium can be located in the ASIC.
  • the ASIC can be located in the base station or the terminal.
  • the processor and the storage medium may also exist in the base station or the terminal as discrete components.
  • all or part of them may be implemented by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof.
  • software When implemented using software, it may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product.
  • the computer program product comprises one or more computer programs or instructions. When the computer program or instructions are loaded and executed on the computer, the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are executed in whole or in part.
  • the computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, network equipment, user equipment, or other programmable devices.
  • the computer program or instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer program or instructions may be downloaded from a website, computer, A server or data center transmits to another website site, computer, server or data center by wired or wireless means.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer, or a data storage device such as a server or a data center integrating one or more available media.
  • the available medium may be a magnetic medium, such as a floppy disk, a hard disk, or a magnetic tape; it may also be an optical medium, such as a digital video disk; and it may also be a semiconductor medium, such as a solid state disk.
  • the computer readable storage medium may be a volatile or a nonvolatile storage medium, or may include both volatile and nonvolatile types of storage media.
  • At least one means one or more
  • multiple means two or more.
  • “And/or” describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three types of relationships, for example, A and/or B, which can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone, where A, B can be singular or plural.

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Abstract

一种随机接入的方法及装置，以期降低终端设备接收特性对应的随机接入参数的功耗。该方法为：终端设备接收网络设备的系统信息，系统信息用于指示N个第一特性的第一随机接入配置，一个第一特性为一个特性或者一个特性组合，第一随机接入配置包括M个第一配置和N个第二配置，并且M个第一配置与N个第二配置存在对应关系，M、N为正整数；终端设备根据第一随机接入配置发起随机接入。随机接入配置是针对N个第一特性的，且第一配置为共享配置，共享配置可以是多个第一特性共享的参数，第二配置为专用配置，为一个第一特性适用的配置。这样，可以节省传输随机接入配置的资源，节省终端设备接收随机接入配置的功耗，节省系统能耗。

Description

一种随机接入的方法及装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2021年08月06日提交中国专利局、申请号为202110901791.5、申请名称为“一种随机接入的方法及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请实施例涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种随机接入的方法及装置。
背景技术
在通信系统中，终端设备可以通过随机接入的过程，向网络侧指示不同的信息。根据指示的信息的不同，随机接入可以分为不同的特性。
现有技术中，网络设备会针对每一个特性向终端设备配置一套随机接入参数，一套随机接入参数包括用于随机接入的全部参数。特性越多，网络设备配置的随机接入参数也会越多，终端设备接收的随机接入参数也就越多，导致功耗增加。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种随机接入的方法及装置，以期降低终端设备接收特性对应的随机接入参数的功耗。
第一方面，提供一种随机接入的方法，该方法可以由终端设备执行，也可以由终端设备的部件执行。该方法可以通过以下步骤实现：终端设备接收网络设备的系统信息，该系统信息用于指示N个第一特性的第一随机接入配置，一个该第一特性为一个特性或者一个特性组合，该第一随机接入配置包括M个第一配置和N个第二配置，并且该M个第一配置与该N个第二配置存在对应关系，M、N为正整数；该终端设备根据该第一随机接入配置发起随机接入。可以看出该方案并非每个特性单独发送整套的随机接入参数，而随机接入配置是针对N个第一特性的，且第一配置为共享配置，共享配置可以是多个第一特性共享的参数，第二配置为专用配置，为一个第一特性适用的配置。这样，可以节省传输随机接入配置的资源，节省终端设备接收随机接入配置的功耗，节省系统能耗。
基于第一方面，在一个可能的设计中，在一个可能的设计中，该终端设备接收该网络设备的寻呼消息，该寻呼消息携带第二特性的信息，该第二特性的信息用于指示该终端设备待接收的下行数据对应的特性或特性组合，该第二特性为该N个第一特性中的一个；该终端设备根据该第一随机接入配置发起随机接入，包括：该终端设备根据该第一随机接入配置和该第二特性的信息，基于该第二特性对应的第一配置和第二配置发起随机接入。由于终端设备接收系统信息所指示的是N个第一特性的随机接入配置，当下行数据到来时，通过寻呼消息中携带下行数据对应的第二特性，能够使得终端设备根据第二特性在N个第一特性的随机接入配置中确定出第二特性对应的配置，从而能够在第二特性相关的随机接入资源上发送第二特性相关的前导码。
可选的，该寻呼消息还包括随机接入类型信息，该随机接入类型信息用于指示基于该第二特性的随机接入的类型为两步随机接入或四步随机接入。这样，当终端设备在接收到两步随机接入和四步随机接入的随机接入配置时，可以根据随机接入类型信息确定与第二特性的随机接入类型匹配的随机接入配置。
在一个可能的设计中，该终端设备确定基于第二特性的随机接入的类型，该第二特性为该N个第一特性中的一个，该基于第二特性的随机接入的类型为两步随机接入或四步随机接入；该终端设备在与该基于第二特性的随机接入的类型对应的第一随机接入资源上，向该网络设备发送消息1或消息3，该消息1或该消息3用于请求与基于第二特性的随机接入的类型对应的该第一随机接入配置。通过终端设备向网络设备请求与第二特性的随机接入类型对应的随机接入配置，这样，网络设备可以只发送与第二特性的随机接入类型对应的随机接入配置，而不用发送与第二特性的随机接入类型不相关的随机接入配置，能够节省开销，并且终端设备也可以节省接收随机接入配置的开销。另外，在用户数量较少的情况下，较少的用户映射的前导码的数量较少，网络设备本没有必要检测过多的前导码，但是若网络设备下发的随机接入配置中的前导码比较多，还是要检测较多的前导码，导致检测率较低。然而，本申请中，网络设备在只发送与第二特性随机接入类型相关的随机接入配置的情况下，可以只检测与第二特性相关的前导码即可，有效的减少了网络设备的前导码检测量。
第二方面，提供一种随机接入的方法，该方法可以由网络设备执行，也可以由网络设备的部件执行。该方法可以通过以下步骤实现：第一网络设备生成系统信息，该系统信息用于指示N个第一特性的第一随机接入配置，一个该第一特性为一个特性或者一个特性组合，该第一随机接入配置包括M个第一配置和N个第二配置，并且该M个第一配置与该N个第二配置存在对应关系，M、N为正整数；该第一网络设备向终端设备发送该系统信息。
基于第二方面，在一个可能的设计中，所述第一网络设备接收第二网络设备的第一寻呼消息，所述第一寻呼消息中携带第二特性的信息，该第二特性的信息用于指示该终端设备待接收的下行数据对应的特性或特性组合，该第二特性为该N个第一特性中的一个；该第一网络设备向该终端设备发送第二寻呼消息，该第二寻呼消息中携带该第二特性的信息。
可选的，第二寻呼消息还包括随机接入类型信息，该随机接入类型信息用于指示基于该第二特性的随机接入的类型为两步随机接入或四步随机接入。
在一个可能的设计中，该第一网络设备向该终端设备发送指示信息，该指示信息用于指示随机接入类型与随机接入资源的对应关系，该随机接入类型包括两步随机接入或四步随机接入；该第一网络设备在第一随机接入资源上接收消息1或消息3,该第一随机接入资源与第一随机接入类型对应；该第一网络设备向终端设备发送该系统信息，包括：该第一网络设备根据该消息1或该消息3，向该终端设备发送与该第一随机接入类型对应的该第一随机接入配置。
第二方面的各个可能的设计可以参考第一方面的各个可能的设计的描述，不再赘述。
基于第一方面或第二方面，本申请还可以提供以下几种可能的设计：
在一个可能的设计中，该系统信息还用于指示该第一随机接入配置的随机接入类型，该随机接入类型包括两步随机接入或四步随机接入。这样，当终端设备在确定将要发起的 随机接入的类型时，可以有针对性地确定与随机接入的类型相匹配的随机接入配置。
该M个第一配置与该N个第二配置存在对应关系，可以通过以下两种方式实现：方式1：该系统信息包括M个第一信息，该M个第一信息用于指示该M个第一配置，该M个第一信息中的每个第一信息包括：该N个第一特性中的一个或多个第一特性的标识。
方式2：该系统信息包括N个第二信息，该N个第二信息用于指示该N个第二配置，该N个第二信息中的每个第二信息包括：该N个第一特性中的一个第一特性的标识、以及该M个第一配置中的其中一个第一配置的索引。
可选的，终端设备接收该网络设备的指示信息，该指示信息用于指示随机接入类型与随机接入资源的对应关系；该终端设备根据该指示信息，确定与该基于第二特性的随机接入的类型对应的第一随机接入资源。这样可以通过随机接入过程来实现随机接入类型的指示。
在一个可能的设计中该N个第一特性的每个第一特性包括以下任意一项特性或任意多项特性的组合：小数据传输、增强覆盖、切片、简化能力。
第三方面，提供一种通信装置，该装置可以是终端设备，也可以是位于终端设备中的部件(例如，芯片，或者芯片系统，或者电路)。该装置具有实现上述第一方面和第一方面的任一种可能的设计中的方法的功能。功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块。一种设计中，该装置可以包括处理单元和收发单元。示例性地：收发单元用于接收网络设备的系统信息，系统信息用于指示N个第一特性的第一随机接入配置，一个所述第一特性为一个特性或者一个特性组合，第一随机接入配置包括M个第一配置和N个第二配置，并且所述M个第一配置与所述N个第二配置存在对应关系，M、N为正整数；处理单元用于根据第一随机接入配置发起随机接入。上述处理单元和收发单元更详细的描述可以参考上述第一方面中相关描述直接得到。第三方面以及各个可能的设计的有益效果可以参考第一方面对应部分的描述。
第四方面，提供一种通信装置，该装置可以是网络设备，也可以是位于网络设备中的部件(例如，芯片，或者芯片系统，或者电路)。该装置具有实现上述第二方面和第二方面的任一种可能的设计中的方法的功能。功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块。一种设计中，该装置可以包括处理单元和收发单元。示例性地：处理单元用于生成系统信息，系统信息用于指示N个第一特性的第一随机接入配置，一个第一特性为一个特性或者一个特性组合，第一随机接入配置包括M个第一配置和N个第二配置，并且所述M个第一配置与所述N个第二配置存在对应关系，M、N为正整数。收发单元用于向终端设备发送所述系统信息。上述处理单元和收发单元更详细的描述可以参考上述第二方面中相关描述直接得到。第四方面以及各个可能的设计的有益效果可以参考第二方面对应部分的描述。
第五方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信装置，该通信装置包括接口电路和处理器，处理器和接口电路之间相互耦合。处理器通过逻辑电路或执行代码指令用于实现上述第一方面、第一方面各个可能的设计所描述的方法。接口电路用于接收来自所述通信装置之外的其它通信装置的信号并传输至所述处理器或将来自所述处理器的信号发送给所述通信装置之外的其它通信装置。可以理解的是，接口电路可以为收发器或输入输出接口。
可选的，通信装置还可以包括存储器，用于存储处理器执行的指令或存储处理器运行 指令所需要的输入数据或存储处理器运行指令后产生的数据。所述存储器可以是物理上独立的单元，也可以与所述处理器耦合，或者所述处理器包括所述存储器。
第六方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信装置，该通信装置包括接口电路和处理器，处理器和接口电路之间相互耦合。处理器通过逻辑电路或执行代码指令用于实现上述第二方面、第二方面各个可能的设计所描述的方法。接口电路用于接收来自所述通信装置之外的其它通信装置的信号并传输至所述处理器或将来自所述处理器的信号发送给所述通信装置之外的其它通信装置。可以理解的是，接口电路可以为收发器或输入输出接口。
可选的，通信装置还可以包括存储器，用于存储处理器执行的指令或存储处理器运行指令所需要的输入数据或存储处理器运行指令后产生的数据。所述存储器可以是物理上独立的单元，也可以与所述处理器耦合，或者所述处理器包括所述存储器。
第七方面，本申请实施例提供一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机程序或可读指令，当所述计算机序或可读指令被通信装置执行时，使得如上述各方面或各方面各个可能的设计中所述的方法被执行。
第八方面，本申请实施例提供了一种芯片系统，该芯片系统包括处理器，还可以包括存储器。存储器用于存储程序、指令或代码；处理器用于执行存储器存储的程序、指令或代码，以实现上述各方面或各方面各个可能的设计中所述的方法。该芯片系统可以由芯片构成，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件。
第九方面，提供了一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当其被通信装置执行时，使得如第各方面或各方面各个可能的设计中所述的方法被执行。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例中通信系统架构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例中随机接入的方法流程示意图；
图3为本申请实施例中随机接入配置中第一配置与第二配置对应关系的示意图；
图4为本申请实施例中在一种场景下随机接入的方法流程示意图；
图5为本申请实施例中请求系统信息的方法流程示意图；
图6为本申请实施例中通信装置结构示意图之一；
图7为本申请实施例中通信装置结构示意图之二。
具体实施方式
本申请实施例提供一种随机接入的方法及装置，以期解决终端设备接收多个特性对应的多套随机接入参数导致耗能大的问题。其中，方法和装置是基于相同或相似技术构思的，由于方法及装置解决问题的原理相似，因此装置与方法的实施可以相互参见，重复之处不再赘述。
本申请实施例提供的随机接入的方法可以应用于第四代(4th generation，4G)通信系统，例如长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)，也可以应用于第五代(5th generation，5G)通信系统，例如5G新空口(new radio，NR)，也可以应用于未来演进的各种通信系统，例如第六代(6th generation，6G)通信系统、或者空天海地一体化通信系统。可理解的，本申请实施例描述的系统架构和应用场景是为了更加清楚的说明本申请实施例的技术方 案，并不构成对于本申请实施例提供的技术方案的限定。
下面将结合附图，对本申请实施例进行详细描述。
图1是本申请的实施例应用的通信系统1000的架构示意图。如图1所示，该通信系统包括无线接入网100，可选的，通信系统1000还可以包括核心网200和互联网300。其中，无线接入网100可以包括至少一个网络设备(如图1中的110a和110b)，还可以包括至少一个终端(如图1中的120a-120j)。终端通过无线的方式与网络设备相连，网络设备通过无线或有线方式与核心网连接。核心网设备与网络设备可以是独立的不同的物理设备，也可以是将核心网设备的功能与网络设备的逻辑功能集成在同一个物理设备上，还可以是一个物理设备上集成了部分核心网设备的功能和部分的网络设备的功能。终端和终端之间以及网络设备和网络设备之间可以通过有线或无线的方式相互连接。图1只是示意图，该通信系统中还可以包括其它网络设备，如还可以包括无线中继设备和无线回传设备，在图1中未画出。
网络设备可以是基站(base station)、演进型基站(evolved NodeB，eNodeB)、发送接收点(transmission reception point，TRP)、第五代(5th generation，5G)移动通信系统中的下一代基站(next generation NodeB，gNB)、第六代(6th generation，6G)移动通信系统中的下一代基站、未来移动通信系统中的基站或WiFi系统中的接入节点等；也可以是完成基站部分功能的模块或单元，例如，可以是集中式单元(central unit，CU)，也可以是分布式单元(distributed unit，DU)。这里的CU完成基站的无线资源控制协议和分组数据汇聚层协议(packet data convergence protocol，PDCP)的功能，还可以完成业务数据适配协议(service data adaptation protocol，SDAP)的功能；DU完成基站的无线链路控制层和介质访问控制(medium access control，MAC)层的功能，还可以完成部分物理层或全部物理层的功能，有关上述各个协议层的具体描述，可以参考第三代合作伙伴计划(3rd generation partnership project，3GPP)的相关技术规范。网络设备可以是宏基站(如图1中的110a)，也可以是微基站或室内站(如图1中的110b)，还可以是中继节点或施主节点等。本申请的实施例对网络设备所采用的具体技术和具体设备形态不做限定。为了便于描述，下文以基站作为网络设备的例子进行描述。
终端也可以称为终端设备、用户设备(user equipment，UE)、移动台、移动终端等。终端可以广泛应用于各种场景，例如，设备到设备(device-to-device，D2D)、车物(vehicle to everything，V2X)通信、机器类通信(machine-type communication，MTC)、物联网(internet of things，IOT)、虚拟现实、增强现实、工业控制、自动驾驶、远程医疗、智能电网、智能家具、智能办公、智能穿戴、智能交通、智慧城市等。终端可以是手机、平板电脑、带无线收发功能的电脑、可穿戴设备、车辆、无人机、直升机、飞机、轮船、机器人、机械臂、智能家居设备等。本申请的实施例对终端所采用的具体技术和具体设备形态不做限定。
基站和终端可以是固定位置的，也可以是可移动的。基站和终端可以部署在陆地上，包括室内或室外、手持或车载；也可以部署在水面上；还可以部署在空中的飞机、气球和人造卫星上。本申请的实施例对基站和终端的应用场景不做限定。
基站和终端的角色可以是相对的，例如，图1中的直升机或无人机120i可以被配置成移动基站，对于那些通过120i接入到无线接入网100的终端120j来说，终端120i是基站；但对于基站110a来说，120i是终端，即110a与120i之间是通过无线空口协议进行通信的。当然，110a与120i之间也可以是通过基站与基站之间的接口协议进行通信的，此时，相对 于110a来说，120i也是基站。因此，基站和终端都可以统一称为通信装置，图1中的110a和110b可以称为具有基站功能的通信装置，图1中的120a-120j可以称为具有终端功能的通信装置。
基站和终端之间、基站和基站之间、终端和终端之间可以通过授权频谱进行通信，也可以通过免授权频谱进行通信，也可以同时通过授权频谱和免授权频谱进行通信；可以通过6千兆赫(gigahertz，GHz)以下的频谱进行通信，也可以通过6GHz以上的频谱进行通信，还可以同时使用6GHz以下的频谱和6GHz以上的频谱进行通信。本申请的实施例对无线通信所使用的频谱资源不做限定。
在本申请的实施例中，基站的功能也可以由基站中的模块(如芯片)来执行，也可以由包含有基站功能的控制子系统来执行。这里的包含有基站功能的控制子系统可以是智能电网、工业控制、智能交通、智慧城市等上述应用场景中的控制中心。终端的功能也可以由终端中的模块(如芯片或调制解调器)来执行，也可以由包含有终端功能的装置来执行。本申请在描述具体通信方法时，以实现基站功能的设备为网络设备为例进行描述，以实现终端功能的设备为终端设备为例进行描述。
在本申请中，网络设备向终端设备发送下行信号或下行信息，下行信息承载在下行信道上；终端设备向网络设备发送上行信号或上行信息，上行信息承载在上行信道上。终端设备为了与网络设备进行通信，需要与网络设备控制的小区建立无线连接。
上述内容阐述了本申请实施例的系统架构和可能的应用场景，为更好地理解本申请实施例的技术方案，下面介绍一下本申请实施例涉及的随机接入以及特性的概念。
1)随机接入过程可以有不同的实现方法。每一种实现方法对应一种随机接入类型。随机接入类型可以包括4步随机接入和2步随机接入。在4步随机接入过程中，终端设备向网络设备发送随机接入前导码(preamble)，网络设备向终端返回随机接入响应，终端向网络设备发送消息3(Msg3)，消息3为物理上行共享信道(physical uplink shared channel，PUSCH)。在2步随机接入过程，终端设备向网络设备发送消息A(msgA)，网络设备向终端发送消息B，其中，消息A由两个部分组成，消息A由物理随机接入信道(physical random access channel，PRACH)发送的前导码和PUSCH信道发送的消息组成。
2)特性(feture)，也可以称为课题(topic)。本申请中的特性是指需要随机接入资源的特性，在随机接入过程中可以通过消息1或消息3携带指示信息，以向网络设备指示该特性对应的信息，网络设备能够根据消息1或消息3携带的指示信息，进行后续传输。以下给出一些特性的举例。
例如，特性为小数据传输，是指在非激活或空闲态下的小数据传输。例如，在随机接入过程中，处于非激活或空闲态下的终端设备可以在消息3或msgA中携带上行用户数据，上行数据的数据量小于一定阈值，可以称为小数据。
又例如，特性为增强覆盖(coverage enhancement，CE)，通过消息3的重复发送来增强随机接入的上行覆盖。
又例如，特性为切片(slice)，不同的切片对应不同业务，不同的传输需求，网络设备通过对随机接入资源的分配，来针对性地提供服务。
又例如，特性为能力降低或简化能力(reduced capability，Redcap)，相比于普通终端，能力降低的终端，支持的带宽较小，处理能力较低，支持的功能不如普通终端，在随机接入过程中，终端设备可以在消息1或消息3中携带指示信息，用于向网络设备指示能力降 低，以便于网络能够适应后续传输。
3)特性组合(feature combination)，也可以称为课题组合。一个特性组合包括多个特性，或者一个特性组合由多个特性构成，例如一个特性组合包括特性A和特性B，表示该特性组合既有特性A的特性，又有特性B的特性。不同的终端设备支持的特性组合可以是不一样的。以下给出一些特性组合的举例。
一个特性组合包括小数据传输和能力降低，该第一特性可以理解为用于能力降低的UE的小数据传输。
一个特性组合为小数据传输和覆盖增强的组合，该特性组合既有小数据传输的特性又有覆盖增强的特性；
一个特性组合为小数据传输、切片、能力降低和覆盖增强的组合；
一个特性组合为能力降低和切片的组合；
一个特性组合为覆盖增强和切片的组合；
一个特性组合为小数据传输、能力降低和增强覆盖组合；
一个特性组合为小数据传输、能力降低和切片的组合；
一个特性组合为能力降低、覆盖增强和切片的组合；
一个特性组合为小数据传输、能力降低、覆盖增强和切片的组合。
以上为特性组合的举例，特性组合还可以有其它可能的组合形式。
本申请中，特性或特性组合可以统称为第一特性，一个第一特性可以是一个特性，也可以是一个特性组合。当涉及到第一特性的描述时，该第一特性可能为一个特性，也可能为一个特性组合。可以理解为“第一特性”等价于“特性/特性组合”的概念。
网络设备可能支持一种或多种第一特性，终端设备也可以支持一种或多种第一特性。在一种场景中，网络设备会针对每一个第一特性向终端设备配置一套随机接入参数，一套随机接入参数包括用于随机接入的全部参数，这样当终端设备支持的第一特性越多，需要接收的参数也就越多，对于网络设备来说需要发送的参数也就越多，无疑会给终端设备和网络设备都带来很大的资源消耗和功能消耗。
基于此，本申请实施例提供一种随机接入的方法，能够节省终端设备接收终端设备所支持的第一特性对应的随机接入参数的功能，以及节省系统耗能。
如图2所示，本申请实施例提供的随机接入的方法的流程如下所述。
S201.网络设备向终端设备发送系统信息，终端设备接收网络设备的系统信息。
该系统信息用于指示N个第一特性的第一随机接入配置，N个第一特性的一个第一特性可以是一个特性，也可以是一个特性组合。
第一随机接入配置包括M个第一配置和N个第二配置，并且该M个第一配置与该N个第二配置存在对应关系，M、N为正整数。
第一配置和第二配置都是随机接入的配置，第一配置和第二配置中都包括随机接入的配置参数。
N个第一特性可以为终端设备支持的第一特性。N个第一特性与N个第二配置一一对应，即N个第一特性中的一个第一特性与N个第二配置中的一个第二配置对应，第二配置也可以称为专用配置，第二配置是与该第二配置对应的第一特性的专用配置。
第一配置也可以称为公共配置，公共配置是指多个第一特性共享的随机接入配置。
一个第一特性的随机接入配置包括一个第一配置和一个第二配置，该第一配置和第二 配置都是与该第一特性对应的配置。
S202.终端设备根据第一随机接入配置发起随机接入。
图2实施例，可以看出该方案并非每个第一特性单独发送整套的随机接入参数，而随机接入配置是针对N个第一特性的，且第一配置为共享配置，共享配置可以是多个第一特性共享的参数，第二配置为专用配置，为一个第一特性适用的配置。这样，可以节省传输随机接入配置的资源，节省终端设备接收随机接入配置的功耗，节省系统能耗。
以下对图2实施例的一些可选的实现方式进行说明。
假设M＝3，N＝5，系统信息用于指示5个第一特性的第一随机接入配置。其中，5个第一特性与5个第二配置一一对应，即每个第一特性有其对应的一个第二配置。3个第一配置与5个第二配置存在对应关系，一个第一配置对应一个或多个第二配置。如图3所示，举例来说，3个第一配置分别用第一配置1、第一配置2和第一配置3表示，5个第二配置分别用第二配置1、第二配置2……第二配置5表示。5个第一特性分别用第一特性1、第一特性2……第一特性5表示。5个第二配置分别为5个第一特性的专用配置，例如第二配置1为第一特性1的专用配置，第二配置2为第一特性2的专用配置，依次类推，第二配置5为第一特性5的专用配置。假设第一配置1对应第二配置1和第二配置2，第一配置2对应第二配置2，第一配置3对应第二配置4和第二配置5。也可以理解为，第一配置1为第一特性1和第一特性2的公共配置，第一配置2为第一特性3的公共配置，第一配置3为第一特性4和第一特性5的公共配置。
根据随机接入类型的不同，第一随机接入配置可以是不同随机接入类型的配置。基于此，系统信息还可以用于指示第一随机接入配置的随机接入类型，该随机接入类型包括两步随机接入或四步随机接入。第一随机接入配置的随机接入类型可以是两步随机接入，也可以是四步随机接入。当然，系统信息可以发送两套随机接入配置，例如第一随机接入配置和第二随机接入配置，第二随机接入配置的功能、概念以及相关实施例可以参考第一随机接入配置。第一随机接入配置的随机接入类型为两步随机接入，第二随机接入配置的随机接入类型为四步随机接入；或者第一随机接入配置的随机接入类型为四步随机接入，第二随机接入配置的随机接入类型为两步随机接入。这样，终端设备可以获得四步随机接入的随机接入配置和两步随机接入的随机接入配置。终端设备可以根据发起随机接入的类型，选择与该随机接入的类型相对应的随机接入配置。
系统信息指示的M个第一配置和N个第二配置可以以列表(list)形式体现，例如，系统信息指示第一配置列表和第二配置列表，第一配置列表中包括第一配置1、第一配置2、……、第一配置M，第二配置列表中包括第一配置1、第一配置2、……、第一配置N。第一配置列表也可以称为随机接入公共配置列表(RA common configuration list)，第二配置列表也可以称为专用配置列表(feature combination specific configuration list)。
第一配置可以包括以下一个或多个参数：
(1)物理随机接入信道(physical random access channel,PRACH)配置索引(Prach-configurationindex)，用于指示PRACH的时域位置、和/或随机接入前导码的格式信息；
(2)前导码总数(Total number preambles)，用于指示该第一配置对应的前导码的总数，比如总数为64个；
(3)每个PRACH传输时机(RACH occasion，RO)对应的SSB(ssb-perRACH-occasion)， 用于指示SSB与RO的映射关系，即一个RO对应多少个SSB。一个RO代表一块用于传输前导码的时频资源，在频域上包括一个或者多个子载波，在时域上包括一个或多个时域符号。
(4)msg1-频分复用(frequency division multiplexing，FDM)，用于指示消息1资源的频域数量，消息1即前导码，可以用于四步随机接入，也可以用于两步随机接入，对于两步随机接入，msg1就是消息A的前导码。
(5)消息1的频域起始位置(msg1-frequencystart)，用于指示消息1资源的频域起始位置。
以上为第一配置可能包括的参数，当以上参数被配置为第一配置时，终端设备可以针对共享该第一配置的第一特性，使用第一配置中的以上参数。
第二配置可以包括以下一个或多个参数：
1)RO掩码索引或RO掩码标识(RO mask index)，用于指示RO子集(RO subset)，比如RO掩码索引用于指示编号为偶数的RO，或者用于指示编号为奇数的RO。终端设备可以根据参数RO掩码索引，确定第一特性对应的RO。具体的，通过第一配置可以配置一个RO集合，在通过RO掩码索引就可以确定该RO集合中的一个RO子集。
2)起始前导码(Starting preamble)，用于指示第一特性对应的起始的前导码，比如起始前导码为前导码索引(preamble index)＝10的前导码。
3)前导码数量(Preamble numbers)，用于指示第一特性对应的前导码的数量，该参数可以结合参数起始前导码综合来确定第一特性对应的前导码。比如起始前导码为前导码索引＝10的前导码，前导码的数量为10，那么该第一特性对应的前导码就是前导码索引从10到19的前导码。
4)每个SSB对应的基于竞争的前导码(CB-preamblePerSSB)，用于指示SSB与前导码的对应关系，一个SSB对应多少个前导码。
5)组B的配置(GroupBconfigured)，用于指示preamble group B信息。
6)消息A(MSGA)中的PUSCH配置，用于指示两步随机接入的MSGA PUSCH资源，对于四步随机接入没有这个参数。终端设备也可以根据第二配置中是否包含这个参数，来判断第一随机接入配置的随机接入类型，如果第二配置包含这个参数，则第一随机接入配置的随机接入类型为两步随机接入。
以上对第一配置和第二配置中包括的参数仅仅为举例说明，实际应用中还可以包括更多或更少的参数。
以下对系统信息指示N个第一特性的第一随机接入配置的可选实现方式进行说明。
系统信息可以用于指示M个第一配置和N个第二配置，还可以用于指示M个第一配置和N个第二配置的对应关系。
系统信息中包括M个第一信息，M个第一信息用于指示M个第一配置，其中一个第一信息用于指示一个第一配置。M个第一信息中的每个第一信息包括：N个第一特性中的一个或多个第一特性的标识。这样通过第一信息中包括的第一特性的标识，可以指示该第一信息所指示的第一配置是哪个或哪些第一特性的公共配置。第一特性如果是特性组合，那么第一特性的标识可以是特性组合中包括的多个特性的标识。
例如，第一特性为切片，则第一特性的标识为切片的ID或者切片组(slice group)的ID。
系统信息中包括N个第二信息，N个第二信息用于指示N个第二配置，其中，一个第二信息用于指示一个第二配置。N个第二信息中的每个第二信息包括：N个第一特性中的一个第一特性的标识、以及M个第一配置中的其中一个第一配置的索引。这样，通过第二信息中携带的第一特性的标识，可以指示该第二信息所指示的第二配置是哪个第一特性的专用配置，以及通过第二信息中携带的第一配置的索引，可以指示该第二信息所指示的第二配置与哪个第一配置相关联。
其中，第一配置的索引可以是M个第一配置的序号，例如序号为0～(M-1)，或者序号为1～M。
可以看出，M个第一配置与N个第二配置存在的对应关系，可以通过第一信息中的第一特性的标识以及第二信息中的第一特性的标识确定出来，相同的第一特性的标识关联的第一配置和第二配置存在对应关系。或者，M个第一配置与N个第二配置存在的对应关系，可以通过第二信息中第一配置的索引确定出来，第二信息中包含第一配置的索引所对应的第一配置、与该第二信息指示的第二配置存在对应关系。
如果系统信息中指示了一个第一特性对应的第二配置，但是未指示该第一特性对应的第一配置，则终端设备可以使用现存的随机接入配置中的参数。现存的随机接入配置可能包括四步随机接入类型和两步随机接入类型的现存配置，则第二配置还可以包括随机接入类型，终端设备可以根据第二配置中的随机接入类型确定现存的随机接入配置中的参数。其中，两步随机接入类型的随机接入资源在系统信息中的随机接入通用配置两步RA信息元素(RACH-ConfigCommonTwoStepRA IE)中配置，可以与四步随机接入类型分开，也可以与四步随机接入类型共享。在与四步随机接入类型分开的情况下，可以根据RACH资源区分两步随机接入用户，而在共享情况下，这是不可能的，必须使用前导分区。前导分区是通过扩展SSB关联的基于竞争的前导区域并将扩展中的前导分配给两步随机接入来完成的。然后，两步随机接入前导可以被拆分为A组(Group A)和B组(Group B)。当第二配置包括随机接入类型的情况下，可以将前导码扩展至64个以上。
终端设备在接收到系统信息后，根据当前需要发起随机接入的特性或特性组合(假设记为第二特性)，确定对应的第一配置和第二配置，根据第一配置和第二配置发起随机接入。本申请中，为方便说明，终端设备当前需要发起随机接入的特性或特性组合可以记为第二特性。可以理解，第二特性可以是一个特性也可以是一个特性组合。当终端设备根据系统信息确定第二特性的随机接入配置时，第二特性为N个第一特性中的其中一个。
终端设备如何确定第二特性，以下给出一种场景下的举例。
如图4所示，一种场景下随机接入的方法如下所述。
S401.第一网络设备向终端设备发送系统信息，对应地，终端设备接收第一网络设备的系统信息。
该步骤同S301，其中本步骤的第一网络设备即S301中的网络设备，可以参照S301的描述，在此不予赘述。
S402.第二网络设备获取终端设备的下行数据。
第二网络设备为终端设备的最后服务小区(last serving cell)的网络设备，第二网络设备接收来自UPF的下行数据，该下行数据对应的特性或特性组合为第二特性。
S403.第二网络设备发送第一寻呼消息，第一寻呼消息中携带第二特性的信息。对应地，第一网络设备接收第一寻呼消息。
第二特性的信息用于指示该下行数据对应的特性或特性组合。
第一寻呼消息可以是Xn消息。
第一寻呼消息还可以包括随机接入类型信息，随机接入类型信息用于指示终端设备发起第二特性的随机接入的类型为两步随机接入或四步随机接入。
第一寻呼消息还可以包括优先级信息，优先级信息用于指示第二特性合的优先级。优先级越高，终端设备优先发起该第二特性对应的随机接入。
S404.第一网络设备发送第二寻呼消息，终端设备接收第二寻呼消息。
第二寻呼消息中包括第一寻呼消息中携带的一些信息。例如，第二寻呼消息中携带第二特性的信息，还可以携带随机接入类型信息，还可以携带优先级信息。第二寻呼消息可以是Un消息。
终端设备获取第二寻呼消息中携带的信息。终端设备可以根据第二寻呼消息中携带的第二特性的信息，确定待接收的下行数据对应的第一特性。
可选的，如果S401中第一网络设备发送的系统信息包括两种随机接入类型的随机接入配置，则第二寻呼消息携带的随机接入类型信息可以指示终端设备发起的随机接入类型。如果S401中第一网络设备发送的系统信息只包括一种随机接入类型的随机接入配置，则第二寻呼消息也可以不携带随机接入类型信息。
第二寻呼消息还可以包括第一特性对应的基于非竞争的随机接入资源，以及该基于非竞争的随机接入资源发起随机接入。
S405.终端设备根据第一随机接入配置和第二特性的信息，基于第二特性对应的第一配置和第二配置发起随机接入。
终端设备根据S401中接收的第一随机接入配置，确定第一特性对应的第一配置和第二配置。终端设备根据第二寻呼消息，基于第一配置和第二配置向第一网络设备发起随机接入。终端设备根据第二寻呼消息中的随机接入类型确定向第一网络设备发起两步随机接入或者四步随机接入。
两步随机接入和四步随机接入的过程可以如下所述。
如果终端设备向第一网络设备发起两步随机接入，则：终端设备基于第二特性对应的第一配置和第二配置，确定第二特性对应的随机接入时频资源以及前导码(消息A)，随机接入时频资源包括PRACH时频资源和PUSCH时频资源。终端设备在第二特性对应的PRACH时频资源上向第一网络设备发送第二特性对应的前导码。终端设备在第二特性对应的PUSCH时频资源上向第一网络设备发送第二特性对应的RRC恢复请求(RRC resume request)。网络设备向终端设备发送随机接入响应，该随机接入响应(消息B)包括成功RAR消息(success RAR)或回退RAR消息(fall back RAR)或RRC释放(release)消息，success RAR包括竞争解决消息，fall back RAR中可以包括：上行授权(UL grant)、定时提前命令(TA command)、或临时的小区无线网络临时标识(temporary C-RNTI)。
如果终端设备向第一网络设备发起四步随机接入，则：终端设备基于第二特性对应的第一配置和第二配置，确定第二特性对应的随机接入时频资源以及前导码，终端设备在第二特性对应的PRACH时频资源上向第一网络设备发送第二特性对应的前导码，前导码可以在消息1中携带。网络设备接收前导码，向终端设备发送消息2即随机接入响应，终端设备接收随机接入响应，该随机接入响应中可以包括：上行授权(UL grant)、TA command、或temporary C-RNTI。终端设备向网络设备发送消息3，消息3可以是RRC恢复请求，在 RRC恢复请求中可以携带小数据。网络设备向终端设备发送消息4即竞争解决消息，终端设备接收竞争解决消息。网络设备向终端设备发送RRC释放消息(RRC release)消息，终端设备接收RRC释放消息。RRC释放消息可以与竞争解决消息携带在同一个消息4中，也可以携带于不同的消息中。
上文两步随机接入和四步随机接入中都包括RRC恢复请求，第一网络设备在接收到RRC恢复请求后，可以执行以下操作，第一网络设备向第二网络设备发送UE上下文恢复请求(Retrieve UE context request)，第一网络设备根据该UE上下文恢复请求校验终端设备的身份以及识别终端设备的上下文。第一网络设备接收UE上下文恢复响应(Retrieve UE context respond)，该UE上下文恢复响应中包括专用隧道的地址信息和终端设备的上下文信息。第一网络设备通过专用隧道接收下行数据，并根据该UE上下文恢复响应生成RRC释放消息。第一网络设备向终端设备发送RRC释放消息以及下行数据，完成随机接入过程。
S201中网络设备向终端设备发送系统信息，系统信息中可能携带两步随机接入的随机接入配置，也可能携带四步随机接入的随机接入配置，也可能携带两套随机接入配置，一套用于两步随机接入另一套用于四步随机接入。本申请实施例中的一个可能的设计中，在网络设备向终端设备发送系统信息之前，终端设备可以向网络设备发送系统信息的请求消息，该系统信息的请求消息用于请求指定随机接入类型的系统信息。以下对该设计进行详细说明。
如图5所示，请求系统信息的方法流程如下所述。
S501.终端设备确定基于第二特性的随机接入的类型，其中，第二特性为终端设备支持的特性或特性组合，或者第二特性为终端设备将要发起的随机接入对应的特性或特性组合。基于第二特性的随机接入的类型为两步随机接入或四步随机接入。
S502.终端设备在与基于第二特性的随机接入的类型对应的第一随机接入资源上，向网络设备发送消息1或消息3，消息1或消息3用于请求与基于第二特性的随机接入的类型对应的第一随机接入配置。对应地，网络设备在第一随机接入资源上接收消息1或消息3。
S503.网络设备根据第一随机接入资源，确定与第一随机接入资源对应的随机接入的类型，记为第一随机接入类型。
S504.网络设备向终端设备发送系统信息，系统信息中包括该第一随机接入类型对应的随机接入配置。
可选的，在S501之前还包括S500-1和S500-2。
S500-1.网络设备向终端设备发送指示信息，终端设备接收该指示信息。
该指示信息用于指示随机接入类型与随机接入资源的对应关系。例如，该随机接入资源指示信息可以指示两步随机接入对应的随机接入资源以及四步随机接入对应的随机接入资源。
S500-2.终端设备根据指示信息，确定与基于第二特性的随机接入的类型对应的第一随机接入资源。
若终端设备确定基于第二特性的随机接入的类型为两步随机接入，根据该随机接入资源指示信息可以确定两步随机接入对应的随机接入资源，终端设备在两步随机接入对应的随机接入资源上向网络设备发送消息1或消息3。若终端设备确定基于第二特性的随机接入的类型为四步随机接入，根据该随机接入资源指示信息可以确定四步随机接入对应的随 机接入资源，终端设备在四步随机接入对应的随机接入资源上向网络设备发送消息1或消息3。
可选的，该随机接入资源指示信息还可以指示消息1或消息3。若该随机接入资源指示信息指示消息1，则终端设备向网络设备发送消息1，消息1用于请求与基于第二特性的随机接入的类型对应的第一随机接入配置。若该随机接入资源指示信息指示消息3，则终端设备向网络设备发送消息3，消息3用于请求与基于第二特性的随机接入的类型对应的第一随机接入配置。
消息1和消息3可以是四步随机接入过程中的消息1和消息3。消息1还可以是两步随机接入过程中的消息A。
消息1可以称为基于消息1的系统信息的请求消息(MSG1-based SI request)，网络设备接收到MSG1-based SI request后，可以向终端设备发送随机接入响应，终端设备接收到随机接入响应后确定网络设备接收该MSG1-based SI request。网络设备在与基于第二特性的随机接入的类型对应的第一随机接入资源上，接收到该MSG1-based SI request，因此可以确定与第一随机接入资源对应的第一随机接入类型，网络设备向终端设备发送系统信息，系统信息携带第一随机接入类型对应的随机接入配置。
如果终端设备通过消息3请求与第二特性的随机接入类型对应的第一随机接入配置，则在发送消息3之前，还执行消息1和消息2的步骤，具体参照四步随机接入过程。例如，终端设备向网络设备发送前导码，网络设备向终端设备发送随机接入响应(RAR)。
可以看出，网络设备可以根据随机接入类型与随机接入资源的对应关系，当接收到消息1或消息3时，根据随机接入资源确定随机接入类型，并发送与该随机接入类型对应的随机接入配置。可选的，终端设备还可以在消息1或消息3中携带随机接入类型指示信息，该随机接入类型指示信息用于指示倾向的随机接入类型(preferred RA type)。网络设备也可以根据该随机接入类型指示信息，向终端设备发送该随机接入类型指示信息所指示的随机接入类型对应的随机接入配置。
可选的，终端设备还可以通过消息1/消息3来请求一个或多个第一特性对应的随机接入配置，当请求多个第一特性对应的随机接入配置时，消息1或消息3中可以携带比特图样(bit map)，通过比特图样来指示请求的多个第一特性。当请求一个第一特性对应的随机接入配置时，消息1或消息3中可以携带第一特性的标识。
可以理解的是，为了实现上述实施例中功能，网络设备和终端设备包括了执行各个功能相应的硬件结构和/或软件模块。本领域技术人员应该很容易意识到，结合本申请中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及方法步骤，本申请能够以硬件或硬件和计算机软件相结合的形式来实现。某个功能究竟以硬件还是计算机软件驱动硬件的方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用场景和设计约束条件。
图6和图7为本申请的实施例提供的可能的通信装置的结构示意图。这些通信装置可以用于实现上述方法实施例中终端设备或网络设备的功能，因此也能实现上述方法实施例所具备的有益效果。在本申请的实施例中，该通信装置可以是如图1所示的终端120a-120j中的一个，也可以是如图1所示的基站110a或110b，还可以是应用于终端或基站的模块(如芯片)。
如图6所示，通信装置600包括处理单元610和收发单元620。通信装置600用于实现上述方法实施例中终端设备或网络设备的功能。
当通信装置600用于实现方法实施例中终端设备的功能时：收发单元620用于接收系统信息；处理单元610用于根据第一随机接入配置发起随机接入。
当通信装置600用于实现图3所示的方法实施例中网络设备的功能时：处理单元610用于生成系统信息，收发单元620用于向终端设备发送系统信息；
有关上述处理单元610和收发单元620更详细的描述可以直接参考上述方法实施例中相关描述直接得到，这里不加赘述。
如图7所示，通信装置700包括处理器710和接口电路720。处理器710和接口电路720之间相互耦合。可以理解的是，接口电路720可以为收发器或输入输出接口。可选的，通信装置700还可以包括存储器730，用于存储处理器710执行的指令或存储处理器710运行指令所需要的输入数据或存储处理器710运行指令后产生的数据。
当通信装置700用于实现图7所示的方法时，处理器710用于实现上述处理单元610的功能，接口电路720用于实现上述收发单元620的功能。
当上述通信装置为应用于终端设备的芯片时，该终端设备的芯片实现上述方法实施例中终端设备的功能。该终端设备的芯片从终端设备中的其它模块(如射频模块或天线)接收信息，该信息是网络设备发送给终端设备的；或者，该终端设备的芯片向终端设备中的其它模块(如射频模块或天线)发送信息，该信息是终端设备发送给网络设备的。
当上述通信装置为应用于网络设备的模块时，网络设备模块实现上述方法实施例中网络设备的功能。该网络设备模块从网络设备中的其它模块(如射频模块或天线)接收信息，该信息是终端发送给网络设备的；或者，该网络设备模块向网络设备中的其它模块(如射频模块或天线)发送信息，该信息是网络设备发送给终端的。这里的网络设备模块可以是网络设备的基带芯片，也可以是DU或其他模块，这里的DU可以是开放式无线接入网(open radio access network，O-RAN)架构下的DU。
可以理解的是，本申请的实施例中的处理器可以是中央处理单元(Central Processing Unit，CPU)，还可以是其它通用处理器、数字信号处理器(Digital Signal Processor，DSP)、专用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array，FPGA)或者其它可编程逻辑器件、晶体管逻辑器件，硬件部件或者其任意组合。通用处理器可以是微处理器，也可以是任何常规的处理器。
本申请上述方法实施例描述的终端设备所执行的操作和功能中的部分或全部，或网络设备所执行的操作和功能中的部分或全部，可以用芯片或集成电路来完成。
为了实现上述图6或图7所述的通信装置的功能，本申请实施例还提供一种芯片，包括处理器，用于支持该通信装置实现上述方法实施例中终端或网络设备所涉及的功能。在一种可能的设计中，该芯片与存储器连接或者该芯片包括存储器，该存储器用于保存该通信装置必要的程序指令和数据。
本申请实施例提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有计算机程序，该计算机程序包括用于执行上述方法实施例的指令。
本申请实施例提供了一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得上述方法实施例被实现。
本申请的实施例中的方法步骤可以通过硬件的方式来实现，也可以由处理器执行软件指令的方式来实现。软件指令可以由相应的软件模块组成，软件模块可以被存放于随机存取存储器、闪存、只读存储器、可编程只读存储器、可擦除可编程只读存储器、电可擦除 可编程只读存储器、寄存器、硬盘、移动硬盘、CD-ROM或者本领域熟知的任何其它形式的存储介质中。一种示例性的存储介质耦合至处理器，从而使处理器能够从该存储介质读取信息，且可向该存储介质写入信息。当然，存储介质也可以是处理器的组成部分。处理器和存储介质可以位于ASIC中。另外，该ASIC可以位于基站或终端中。当然，处理器和存储介质也可以作为分立组件存在于基站或终端中。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机程序或指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机程序或指令时，全部或部分地执行本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、网络设备、用户设备或者其它可编程装置。所述计算机程序或指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机程序或指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线或无线方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是集成一个或多个可用介质的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质，例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带；也可以是光介质，例如，数字视频光盘；还可以是半导体介质，例如，固态硬盘。该计算机可读存储介质可以是易失性或非易失性存储介质，或可包括易失性和非易失性两种类型的存储介质。
在本申请的各个实施例中，如果没有特殊说明以及逻辑冲突，不同的实施例之间的术语和/或描述具有一致性、且可以相互引用，不同的实施例中的技术特征根据其内在的逻辑关系可以组合形成新的实施例。
本申请中，“至少一个”是指一个或者多个，“多个”是指两个或两个以上。“和/或”，描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B的情况，其中A,B可以是单数或者复数。
可以理解的是，在本申请的实施例中涉及的各种数字编号仅为描述方便进行的区分，并不用来限制本申请的实施例的范围。上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定。

Claims (42)

  1. 一种随机接入的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    终端设备接收网络设备的系统信息，所述系统信息用于指示N个第一特性的第一随机接入配置，一个所述第一特性为一个特性或者一个特性组合，所述第一随机接入配置包括M个第一配置和N个第二配置，并且所述M个第一配置与所述N个第二配置存在对应关系，M、N为正整数；
    所述终端设备根据所述第一随机接入配置发起随机接入。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述系统信息还用于指示所述第一随机接入配置的随机接入类型，所述随机接入类型包括两步随机接入或四步随机接入。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述M个第一配置与所述N个第二配置存在对应关系，包括：
    所述系统信息包括M个第一信息，所述M个第一信息用于指示所述M个第一配置，所述M个第一信息中的每个第一信息包括：所述N个第一特性中的一个或多个第一特性的标识。
  4. 如权利要求1～3任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述M个第一配置与所述N个第二配置存在对应关系，包括：
    所述系统信息包括N个第二信息，所述N个第二信息用于指示所述N个第二配置，所述N个第二信息中的每个第二信息包括：所述N个第一特性中的一个第一特性的标识、以及所述M个第一配置中的其中一个第一配置的索引。
  5. 如权利要求1～4任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：所述终端设备接收所述网络设备的寻呼消息，所述寻呼消息携带第二特性的信息，所述第二特性的信息用于指示所述终端设备待接收的下行数据对应的特性或特性组合，所述第二特性为所述N个第一特性中的一个；
    所述终端设备根据所述第一随机接入配置发起随机接入，包括：所述终端设备根据所述第一随机接入配置和所述第二特性的信息，基于所述第二特性对应的第一配置和第二配置发起随机接入。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述寻呼消息还包括随机接入类型信息，所述随机接入类型信息用于指示基于所述第二特性的随机接入的类型为两步随机接入或四步随机接入。
  7. 如权利要求1～5任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述终端设备确定基于第二特性的随机接入的类型，所述第二特性为所述N个第一特性中的一个，所述基于第二特性的随机接入的类型为两步随机接入或四步随机接入；
    所述终端设备在与所述基于第二特性的随机接入的类型对应的第一随机接入资源上，向所述网络设备发送消息1或消息3，所述消息1或所述消息3用于请求与基于第二特性的随机接入的类型对应的所述第一随机接入配置。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述终端设备接收所述网络设备的指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示随机接入类型与随机接入资源的对应关系；
    所述终端设备根据所述指示信息，确定与所述基于第二特性的随机接入的类型对应的 第一随机接入资源。
  9. 如权利要求1～8任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述N个第一特性的每个第一特性包括以下任意一项特性或任意多项特性的组合：
    小数据传输、增强覆盖、切片、简化能力。
  10. 一种随机接入的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第一网络设备生成系统信息，所述系统信息用于指示N个第一特性的第一随机接入配置，一个所述第一特性为一个特性或者一个特性组合，所述第一随机接入配置包括M个第一配置和N个第二配置，并且所述M个第一配置与所述N个第二配置存在对应关系，M、N为正整数；
    所述第一网络设备向终端设备发送所述系统信息。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述系统信息还用于指示所述第一随机接入配置的随机接入类型，所述随机接入类型包括两步随机接入或四步随机接入。
  12. 如权利要求10或11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述M个第一配置与所述N个第二配置存在对应关系，包括：
    所述系统信息包括M个第一信息，所述M个第一信息用于指示所述M个第一配置，所述M个第一信息中的每个第一信息包括：所述N个第一特性中的一个或多个第一特性的标识。
  13. 如权利要求10～12任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述M个第一配置与所述N个第二配置存在对应关系，包括：
    所述系统信息包括N个第二信息，所述N个第二信息用于指示所述N个第二配置，所述N个第二信息中的每个第二信息包括：所述N个第一特性中的一个第一特性的标识、以及所述M个第一配置中的其中一个第一配置的索引。
  14. 如权利要求10～13任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一网络设备接收第二网络设备的第一寻呼消息，所述第一寻呼消息中携带第二特性的信息，所述第二特性的信息用于指示所述终端设备待接收的下行数据对应的特性或特性组合，所述第二特性为所述N个第一特性中的一个；
    所述第一网络设备向所述终端设备发送第二寻呼消息，所述第二寻呼消息中携带所述第二特性的信息。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二寻呼消息还包括随机接入类型信息，所述随机接入类型信息用于指示基于所述第二特性的随机接入的类型为两步随机接入或四步随机接入。
  16. 如权利要求10～14任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一网络设备向所述终端设备发送指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示随机接入类型与随机接入资源的对应关系，所述随机接入类型包括两步随机接入或四步随机接入；
    所述第一网络设备在第一随机接入资源上接收消息1或消息3,所述第一随机接入资源与第一随机接入类型对应；
    所述第一网络设备向终端设备发送所述系统信息，包括：所述第一网络设备根据所述消息1或所述消息3，向所述终端设备发送与所述第一随机接入类型对应的所述第一随机接入配置。
  17. 如权利要求10～16任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述N个第一特性的每个第 一特性包括以下任意一项特性或任意多项特性的组合：
    小数据传输、增强覆盖、切片、简化能力。
  18. 一种随机接入的装置，其特征在于，包括：
    收发单元，用于接收网络设备的系统信息，所述系统信息用于指示N个第一特性的第一随机接入配置，一个所述第一特性为一个特性或者一个特性组合，所述第一随机接入配置包括M个第一配置和N个第二配置，并且所述M个第一配置与所述N个第二配置存在对应关系，M、N为正整数；
    处理单元，用于根据所述第一随机接入配置发起随机接入。
  19. 如权利要求18所述的装置，其特征在于，所述系统信息还用于指示所述第一随机接入配置的随机接入类型，所述随机接入类型包括两步随机接入或四步随机接入。
  20. 如权利要求18或19所述的装置，其特征在于，所述M个第一配置与所述N个第二配置存在对应关系，包括：
    所述系统信息包括M个第一信息，所述M个第一信息用于指示所述M个第一配置，所述M个第一信息中的每个第一信息包括：所述N个第一特性中的一个或多个第一特性的标识。
  21. 如权利要求18～20任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述M个第一配置与所述N个第二配置存在对应关系，包括：
    所述系统信息包括N个第二信息，所述N个第二信息用于指示所述N个第二配置，所述N个第二信息中的每个第二信息包括：所述N个第一特性中的一个第一特性的标识、以及所述M个第一配置中的其中一个第一配置的索引。
  22. 如权利要求18～21任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元还用于：
    接收所述网络设备的寻呼消息，所述寻呼消息携带第二特性的信息，所述第二特性的信息用于指示所述终端设备待接收的下行数据对应的特性或特性组合，所述第二特性为所述N个第一特性中的一个；
    所述处理单元具体用于：
    根据所述第一随机接入配置和所述第二特性的信息，基于所述第二特性对应的第一配置和第二配置发起随机接入。
  23. 如权利要求22所述的装置，其特征在于，所述寻呼消息还包括随机接入类型信息，所述随机接入类型信息用于指示基于所述第二特性的随机接入的类型为两步随机接入或四步随机接入。
  24. 如权利要求18～23任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理单元还用于：
    确定基于第二特性的随机接入的类型，所述第二特性为所述N个第一特性中的一个，所述基于第二特性的随机接入的类型为两步随机接入或四步随机接入；
    所述收发单元还用于：
    在与所述基于第二特性的随机接入的类型对应的第一随机接入资源上，向所述网络设备发送消息1或消息3，所述消息1或所述消息3用于请求与基于第二特性的随机接入的类型对应的所述第一随机接入配置。
  25. 如权利要求24所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元还用于：
    接收所述网络设备的指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示随机接入类型与随机接入资源的对应关系；
    所述处理单元还用于：
    根据所述指示信息，确定与所述基于第二特性的随机接入的类型对应的第一随机接入资源。
  26. 如权利要求18～25任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述N个第一特性的每个第一特性包括以下任意一项特性或任意多项特性的组合：
    小数据传输、增强覆盖、切片、简化能力。
  27. 一种随机接入的装置，其特征在于，包括：
    处理单元，用于生成系统信息，所述系统信息用于指示N个第一特性的第一随机接入配置，一个所述第一特性为一个特性或者一个特性组合，所述第一随机接入配置包括M个第一配置和N个第二配置，并且所述M个第一配置与所述N个第二配置存在对应关系，M、N为正整数；
    收发单元，用于所述第一网络设备向终端设备发送所述系统信息。
  28. 如权利要求27所述的装置，其特征在于，所述系统信息还用于指示所述第一随机接入配置的随机接入类型，所述随机接入类型包括两步随机接入或四步随机接入。
  29. 如权利要求27或28所述的装置，其特征在于，所述M个第一配置与所述N个第二配置存在对应关系，包括：
    所述系统信息包括M个第一信息，所述M个第一信息用于指示所述M个第一配置，所述M个第一信息中的每个第一信息包括：所述N个第一特性中的一个或多个第一特性的标识。
  30. 如权利要求27～29任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述M个第一配置与所述N个第二配置存在对应关系，包括：
    所述系统信息包括N个第二信息，所述N个第二信息用于指示所述N个第二配置，所述N个第二信息中的每个第二信息包括：所述N个第一特性中的一个第一特性的标识、以及所述M个第一配置中的其中一个第一配置的索引。
  31. 如权利要求27～30任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元还用于：
    接收第二网络设备的第一寻呼消息，所述第一寻呼消息中携带第二特性的信息，所述第二特性的信息用于指示所述终端设备待接收的下行数据对应的特性或特性组合，所述第二特性为所述N个第一特性中的一个；
    向所述终端设备发送第二寻呼消息，所述第二寻呼消息中携带所述第二特性的信息。
  32. 如权利要求31所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第二寻呼消息还包括随机接入类型信息，所述随机接入类型信息用于指示基于所述第二特性的随机接入的类型为两步随机接入或四步随机接入。
  33. 如权利要求27～32任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元还用于：
    向所述终端设备发送指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示随机接入类型与随机接入资源的对应关系，所述随机接入类型包括两步随机接入或四步随机接入；
    在第一随机接入资源上接收消息1或消息3，所述第一随机接入资源与第一随机接入类型对应；
    所述收发单元具体用于：
    根据所述消息1或所述消息3，向所述终端设备发送与所述第一随机接入类型对应的所述第一随机接入配置。
  34. 如权利要求27～33任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述N个第一特性的每个第一特性包括以下任意一项特性或任意多项特性的组合：
    小数据传输、增强覆盖、切片、简化能力。
  35. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括用于执行如权利要求1至9中的任一项所述方法的模块。
  36. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括用于执行如权利要求10至17中的任一项所述方法的模块。
  37. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理器和接口电路，所述接口电路用于接收来自所述通信装置之外的其它通信装置的信号并传输至所述处理器或将来自所述处理器的信号发送给所述通信装置之外的其它通信装置，所述处理器通过逻辑电路或执行代码指令用于实现如权利要求1至9中任一项所述的方法。
  38. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理器和接口电路，所述接口电路用于接收来自所述通信装置之外的其它通信装置的信号并传输至所述处理器或将来自所述处理器的信号发送给所述通信装置之外的其它通信装置，所述处理器通过逻辑电路或执行代码指令用于实现如权利要求10至17中任一项所述的方法。
  39. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述存储介质中存储有计算机程序或指令，当所述计算机程序或指令被通信装置执行时，实现如权利要求1至9中任一项所述的方法或实现如权利要求10至17中任一项所述的方法。
  40. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，所述计算机程序产品包括计算机程序或指令，当所述计算机程序或指令被通信装置执行时，实现如权利要求1至9中任一项所述的方法或实现如权利要求10至17中任一项所述的方法。
  41. 一种芯片，其特征在于，所述芯片与存储器耦合，用于读取并执行所述存储器中存储的程序指令，以执行如权利要求1至9中的任一项所述的方法，或执行如权利要求10至17中的任一项所述的方法。
  42. 一种通信系统，其特征在于，包括用于执行如权利要求1至9中的任一项所述方法的装置或包括如权利要求18-26、35或37中的任一项所述的装置，以及，包括用于执行如权利要求10至17中的任一项所述方法的装置或包括如权利要求27-34、36或38中的任一项所述的装置。
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