WO2023006793A1 - Battery protection device for a traction battery of a motor vehicle and motor vehicle having such a battery protection device - Google Patents

Battery protection device for a traction battery of a motor vehicle and motor vehicle having such a battery protection device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023006793A1
WO2023006793A1 PCT/EP2022/071022 EP2022071022W WO2023006793A1 WO 2023006793 A1 WO2023006793 A1 WO 2023006793A1 EP 2022071022 W EP2022071022 W EP 2022071022W WO 2023006793 A1 WO2023006793 A1 WO 2023006793A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
protection device
battery protection
battery housing
support frame
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2022/071022
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
György FARKAS
Original Assignee
Audi Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Audi Ag filed Critical Audi Ag
Publication of WO2023006793A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023006793A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0007—Measures or means for preventing or attenuating collisions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D21/00—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted
    • B62D21/15—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted having impact absorbing means, e.g. a frame designed to permanently or temporarily change shape or dimension upon impact with another body
    • B62D21/157—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted having impact absorbing means, e.g. a frame designed to permanently or temporarily change shape or dimension upon impact with another body for side impacts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
    • B62D25/20—Floors or bottom sub-units
    • B62D25/2009—Floors or bottom sub-units in connection with other superstructure subunits
    • B62D25/2027—Floors or bottom sub-units in connection with other superstructure subunits the subunits being rear structures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/242—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries against vibrations, collision impact or swelling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0405—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion characterised by their position
    • B60K2001/0438—Arrangement under the floor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2306/00—Other features of vehicle sub-units
    • B60Y2306/01—Reducing damages in case of crash, e.g. by improving battery protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a battery protection device for a traction battery of a motor vehicle according to the preamble of the independent patent claim. Furthermore, the invention relates to a motor vehicle with such a battery protection device.
  • DE 102010050826 A1 discloses a generic arrangement of at least one traction battery in an electrically powered motor vehicle, with the battery being located between the axles of the motor vehicle and between longitudinal side sills on the underbody of the vehicle body and at a defined distance from the sills in a battery box is stored.
  • An effective protection of Traction battery in a side crash of the motor vehicle is achieved in that the at least one battery is additionally protected against damage by effective means in a side crash.
  • DE 102018205234 B3 discloses a battery arrangement for an electric vehicle or hybrid electric vehicle, with a plurality of battery modules which have battery module housings which are generally cuboid and are elongated in the transverse direction of the vehicle, each of which contains a plurality of battery cells and are connected to one another by means of flexible lines, the battery module housings extending in the transverse direction of the vehicle between side sills of the vehicle and wherein the battery module housings are arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle and are jointly surrounded by a battery housing, the battery module housings being movable in relation to one another in the transverse direction of the vehicle as a result of a lateral force acting on the vehicle that deforms the vehicle body and deforming the battery housing.
  • each two adjacent battery module housings there is a guide and force transmission element that is elongated in the transverse direction of the vehicle and is just as long as the battery module housing, just like the battery module housing but can be moved independently of this with deformation of the battery housing in the transverse direction of the vehicle, has a positive fit with the battery module housings and the battery module housings in the transverse direction of the vehicle leads.
  • a battery assembly for a vehicle comprising a battery, a carrier that accommodates the battery, at least one frangible connection part by which the carrier is attached to the vehicle, an edge reinforcement attached to each lateral side of the carrier and a front duct and a rear duct fixed to the vehicle that guide the carrier as the carrier directs away from an impact site if the frangible link breaks in a side impact collision.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a battery protection device for protecting a traction battery of a motor vehicle, in particular for protection against a side collision.
  • the invention is based on the idea that battery fires can be avoided in a side collision, thereby offering more safety to the driver and passengers of the motor vehicle, if a double battery protection frame is used, with the first frame being fixed to the vehicle body and the second Frame in which the traction battery is stored, is shifted laterally to the first frame in the event of a side collision, so that a lower force and thus a lower risk of deformation occurs on the traction battery.
  • the invention relates to a battery protection device for a traction battery of a motor vehicle, with a carrier frame and a battery housing tray, with the battery protection device being used as intended, the carrier frame being attached to a vehicle body of the motor vehicle and the traction battery being arranged in the battery housing tray.
  • connection structure is provided in an area of the support frame and a corresponding area of a frame of the battery housing tray, via which the battery housing tray is mounted on the support frame, the connection structure consisting of grooves and corresponding connection elements which are force-fitted and/or form-fitted into the corresponding grooves engage, is formed, wherein the connection structure is further formed to the fact that the connecting elements when a predetermined force acts on the battery protection device from at least one predetermined direction can be pushed out of the grooves and thus the battery housing tray can be displaced in the predetermined direction relative to the support frame.
  • the battery protection device comprises two frames that can be displaced laterally relative to one another or slip out in the event of a collision.
  • the first frame is a support frame attachable to the vehicle body by fasteners.
  • the second frame is a frame of a battery housing tray into which the traction battery can be placed.
  • the two frames can have an area in which the support frame and the frame of the battery housing tray lie one above the other, with a connection structure being incorporated into the respective frame in this area by means of a plurality of grooves and corresponding connection elements.
  • the connecting elements can engage in the corresponding grooves in a non-positive and/or positive manner, so that the frames are held on the connecting structure as a double frame inserted into one another. That is, the battery case tray is suspended from the support frame via the connection structure.
  • the connecting elements can be teeth that engage in the respective grooves, the connecting elements and the grooves preferably having a puzzle-shaped contour in cross section, in particular a dovetail contour, so that the connecting elements are positively delimited in at least four of the six spatial directions.
  • the respective connecting element can preferably be held in a non-positive manner. This means that when a specified force occurs or a specified force threshold is exceeded in the specified direction, in particular in the direction along the grooves, the connecting elements can be pushed out of the grooves, with the result that the battery housing trough is detached from the support frame as a whole and the battery housing trough is thus released relatively can be moved to the support frame.
  • the direction in which the battery case tray is to be slid may be specified by the direction of the grooves, and the specified direction may preferably be a back and forth direction along a spatial degree of freedom.
  • the grooves are preferably aligned such that the specified direction runs laterally to the motor vehicle when the battery protection device is used as intended, so that in the event of a side collision the battery housing tray can be pushed out to the side of the motor vehicle that faces away from the collision.
  • the advantage of the invention is that by moving the battery housing tray out of the battery protection device, a force can be removed from the traction battery, which means that the traction battery is less likely to deform and the risk of a battery fire can be reduced. Furthermore, the traction battery is no longer located directly under the motor vehicle, as a result of which a direct fire effect on the motor vehicle can be reduced if a battery fire occurs, which additionally increases safety.
  • the invention also includes embodiments that result in additional advantages.
  • the areas with the connection structure are provided at least on one side of the support frame and the frame of the battery housing tray and run continuously over a length of the side.
  • the battery protection device and the support frame can be rectangular, with one side of the rectangle, preferably two sides of the rectangle, which run parallel to one another and which laterally delimit the traction battery in a vehicle transverse direction, having the connection structure.
  • the connection structure ie the grooves and connection elements, runs continuously over the respective length of the side.
  • the grooves can be aligned parallel to the vehicle transverse direction, so that a lateral displacement of the Battery housing tray is made possible to the support frame in a side collision.
  • the continuous course over the entire length of the side offers the advantage that the weight of the battery housing tray with the traction battery is evenly distributed, which reduces torsional forces on the frames.
  • the battery housing trough has at least one guide element which is guided in a damping chamber of the support frame, the damping chamber having a damping element which is designed to act on the guide element when the battery housing trough is displaced and to dampen the displacement.
  • the battery housing trough can have at least one, preferably two, lateral guide elements that guide the battery housing trough in the specified direction, in particular in the spatial direction of the
  • the at least one guide element can preferably engage in a damping chamber that is arranged on the support frame.
  • a damping element is provided in the damping chamber, which can interact with the guide element and thus decelerates or cushions a displacement of the battery housing pan to the carrier frame.
  • the guide element can be connected to the damping element, for example, and can absorb energy by compressing or stretching the damping element.
  • the guide element can be designed as a punch that deforms the damping element and the deformation of the damping element
  • Shift dampens or slows down When two lateral guide members are provided on two sides of the battery case pan, preferably two cushioning chambers are provided on the respective sides, each having cushioning members to absorb the displacement or the lateral impact.
  • This embodiment has the advantage that the battery housing tray is not ejected unchecked from the battery protection device when the predetermined force occurs in a side collision, which is a safety for the environment of the battery protection device or of the motor vehicle with the battery protection device increased. Furthermore, deformations of the traction battery and thus the occurrence of a battery fire can be reduced by gently braking the battery housing pan.
  • the damping element can have a honeycomb or foam structure which is designed to dampen the displacement through deformation.
  • the damping element can have a honeycomb structure that absorbs impact energy through deformation.
  • a foam structure that can compress when force is applied can also absorb an impact in this way.
  • the honeycomb or foam structure can be formed from a metal, a plastic and/or a fiber composite material, for example, with the material preferably being softer than the material of the carrier frame and the frame of the battery housing tray.
  • the damping element can also be designed as a hydraulic system that can dampen the displacement.
  • the damping element has at least one deformation tube, which is designed to dampen the displacement through deformation.
  • a deformation tube which can also be referred to as a buckling tube or "crash can" is a tube with predetermined bulges or dents that can be deformed at the bulges or dents when a force is applied from a predetermined direction and can thus be pushed together.
  • the damping element designed as a deformation tube can preferably be fastened to the guide element in such a way that when the battery housing pan is displaced, the deformation tube is shortened, as a result of which the displacement and thus the impact are damped.
  • the damping element has at least one elastic element which is designed to dampen the displacement by expansion.
  • the elastic element can slow down the displacement by Guide element is retained by the elastic element.
  • At least one spring and/or at least one rubber band can be used as the elastic element, which brakes the displacement of the battery housing tray in relation to the carrier frame. Preferred configurations of the damping element can be achieved by the damping elements described above.
  • connection structure is designed as a dovetail connection.
  • the grooves and connecting elements can have a jigsaw puzzle contour, in particular in the form of a dovetail.
  • the grooves and connecting elements have a triangular or trapezoidal shape in cross section, which interlock in a form-fitting manner.
  • a form fit can be achieved in all directions, except for the direction of the groove itself.
  • the dovetail connection provides the advantage that a highly positive connection can be achieved, which can support the battery housing tray on the support frame.
  • a further embodiment provides that a grid-like reinforcement structure is arranged in the battery housing tray.
  • the lattice-like stiffening structure can be provided in the form of steel girders, in particular steel girders with a T-shaped profile, or a framework structure.
  • an effect on the traction battery which can be located between the stiffening structure in the battery housing pan, can be achieved.
  • the battery housing pan can be kept intact by the stiffening structure in an improved manner, which helps with the transmission of impact energy and the displacement of the battery housing pan out of the battery protection device.
  • the battery protection device has a housing which shields at least the battery housing tray from external environmental influences, the housing in the at least has a case member in a predetermined direction, which is configured to open by the displacement of the battery case tray.
  • a housing is provided at least around the battery housing tray, which protects the traction battery from external environmental influences.
  • protection against moisture or splashes can be provided by the housing.
  • Housing elements can be provided on the side of the housing, which open or gape when the predetermined force acts on the battery protection device from the predetermined direction.
  • a soft material can be used for this purpose, in particular plastic, which yields to a force of the battery housing trough which acts on the housing element and thus releases the battery housing trough to the outside.
  • a predetermined predetermined breaking point can also be provided on the housing element, which breaks under the action of the predetermined force that is passed on to the housing element through the battery housing tray and thus releases the opening.
  • the housing element is preferably designed in such a way that it can gape open and the battery can thereby be displaced laterally, with preferably only a very small counterforce being exerted by the housing element on the battery housing trough. This embodiment has the advantage that the traction battery or battery housing pan can be protected against external environmental influences and the displaceability of the battery housing pan relative to the carrier frame can still be secured.
  • a further aspect of the invention relates to a motor vehicle with a battery protection device according to one of the preceding embodiments.
  • the battery protection device When the battery protection device is used as intended with the motor vehicle, the traction battery is preferably arranged in the battery housing trough and the battery protection device is attached to the underbody of the motor vehicle on the vehicle body, in particular via the support frame, the battery protection device with the traction battery between the axles of the motor vehicle and rocker panels of the motor vehicle is stored.
  • the motor vehicle according to the invention is preferably designed as an electrically operated motor vehicle, in particular as a passenger car or truck, or as a passenger bus.
  • the invention also includes developments of the motor vehicle according to the invention, which have features as have already been described in connection with the developments of the battery protection device according to the invention. For this reason, the corresponding developments of the motor vehicle according to the invention are not described again here.
  • the invention also includes the combinations of features of the described embodiments.
  • the invention also includes implementations that each have a combination of the features of several of the described embodiments, unless the embodiments were described as mutually exclusive.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a battery protector in a normal state
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the battery protection device in a side collision
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic rear view of a motor vehicle with a
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a schematically illustrated battery protection device 10 for a traction battery according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • the battery protection device 10 is shown in this representation in a normal state, as it can be attached to a vehicle body of a motor vehicle when used as intended.
  • the battery protection device 10 has a support frame 12 by means of which the battery protection device 10 can be attached to an underside of the vehicle body.
  • the carrier frame 12 can be screwed or welded to the vehicle body, for example.
  • the battery protection device 10 includes a battery housing tray 14 in which a traction battery (not shown) can be arranged.
  • the battery housing pan 14 has a frame 16 which is congruent with the support frame 12 in the normal state, the support frame 12 and the frame 16 of the battery housing pan 14 being detachably connected to one another via a connecting structure 18 in the normal state.
  • connection structure 18 can have grooves 20 and corresponding connection elements 22, the grooves 20 and the corresponding connection elements 22 being non-positive and/or positive can intervene.
  • connection structure 18 can be designed as a dovetail connection, so that the connection, as shown, can only be released in the direction of the grooves when a predetermined force is applied.
  • the connecting structure 18 can preferably be provided on two sides of the battery protection device 10 on the support frame 12 and on the frame 16 of the battery housing pan 14, in particular on the sides that are located on the sides of the motor vehicle during intended use and into which the battery housing pan 14 is intended to evade in the event of a side collision.
  • the grooves 20 can be aligned in this direction, so that the dovetail connections of the connection structure 18 can release the battery housing tray 14 in this direction.
  • the connection structure 18 runs over the entire length of the respective side. A weight can thus be distributed over the entire length, which in the normal state enables a better hold and avoids torsional forces on the frames 12, 16.
  • the battery housing trough 14 can have guide elements 24 which, after opening the connecting structure 18 , can guide the battery housing trough 14 out laterally and relative to the support frame 12 , with the guide elements 24 preferably being able to be guided in a respective damping chamber 26 .
  • a damping element 28 is preferably arranged in the respective damping chamber 26 and is designed to act on the guide element 24 when the battery housing tray 14 is displaced relative to the carrier frame 12 and thus to dampen the displacement.
  • the damping element 28 can have a (bee) honeycomb structure, for example, which can absorb energy through deformation and can thus dampen a displacement.
  • this can a metal or plastic structure which is indented by the guide element 24 can be used.
  • a deformation tube (“crash can”) can also be used as the damping element 28, which has predetermined sections that can be pushed into one another under a force and thus provide damping in the event of a deformation.
  • a further possibility is the use of one or more elastic elements, in particular rubber bands, which are connected to the guide element 24 and cushion the displacement of the battery housing tray 14 when they expand.
  • a mode of operation of the battery protection device 10 is explained further below with reference to the perspective view of the battery protection device 10 shown in FIG. 2 .
  • a side collision with a pillar 30 onto the battery protection device 10 may have occurred.
  • a force exceeding a predetermined force threshold may have been applied to the battery protection device 10 from a predetermined direction, i.e. a lateral direction, the force acting on the connecting structure 18 such that the connecting elements 22 are out of the grooves 20 are pushed out and thus the frame 16 is detached from the support frame 12.
  • the battery housing tray 14 can be pushed out laterally relative to the support frame 12 and thus avoid most of the force that occurs as a result of the side collision. So that the battery housing pan 14 is not thrown out of the battery protection device 10 in an uncontrolled manner, the guide element 24 in the damping chamber 26 can deform the damping element 28, as a result of which the movement of the battery housing pan 14 is braked. A deformation of a traction battery located in the battery housing tray 14 can thus be avoided and the battery housing tray 14 can be prevented from being thrown out of the battery protection device 10 in an uncontrolled manner.
  • a lattice-like stiffening structure (not shown) may be provided, which provides additional rigidity for the battery housing pan 14 and thus improves power transmission.
  • FIG 3 shows a schematic rear view of a motor vehicle 34 with the battery protection device 10, the state after the side collision with the pillar 30 being shown in this illustration.
  • the battery protection device 10 can be arranged on an underside of the vehicle body between the axles and the side sills.
  • the battery protection device 10 or at least the battery housing tray 14 can preferably be arranged in a housing (not shown) which protects the traction battery from external environmental influences.
  • the frame 16 of the battery housing tray 14 can disengage from the support frame 12 by sliding the fasteners 22 out of the grooves 20 of the fastener structure 18, thereby sliding out of the battery housing tray 14, a force can act on a housing element 32 of the housing.
  • the housing element 32 can, for example, have a predetermined predetermined breaking point in the housing, so that the housing element can gape and the battery housing trough 14 with the traction battery can be pushed out of the housing to the side.
  • the battery protection device 10 has the advantage that there is less deformation of the traction battery in the event of a side collision, which significantly reduces the risk of a battery fire. The risk of fire and thus the safety of the occupants in motor vehicle 34 can thus be significantly improved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a battery protection device (10) for a traction battery of a motor vehicle (34), having a support frame (12) and a battery housing tray (14), wherein a connecting structure (18) is provided in a region of the support frame (12) and in a corresponding region of a frame (16) of the battery housing tray (14), via which connecting structure the battery housing tray (14) is mounted on the support frame (12), wherein the connecting structure (18) is formed from grooves (20) and corresponding connecting elements (22), which engage with a force fit and/or form fit in the respectively corresponding grooves (20), wherein the connecting structure (18) is furthermore designed such that, upon action of a predetermined force on the battery protection device (10) from at least one predetermined direction, the connecting elements (22) can be slid out of the grooves (20) and therefore the battery housing tray (14) can be displaced in the predetermined direction relative to the support frame (12).

Description

BATTERIESCHUTZVORRICHTUNG FÜR EINE TRAKTIONSBATTERIE EINES KRAFTFAHRZEUGS UND KRAFTFAHRZEUG MIT SOLCHER BATTERIESCHUTZVORRICHTUNG BATTERY PROTECTION DEVICE FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE TRACTION BATTERY AND MOTOR VEHICLE WITH SUCH BATTERY PROTECTION DEVICE
BESCHREIBUNG: DESCRIPTION:
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Batterieschutzvorrichtung für eine Traktionsbatterie eines Kraftfahrzeugs gemäß dem Oberbegriff des unabhängigen Patentanspruchs. Des Weiteren betrifft die Erfindung ein Kraftfahrzeug mit einer solchen Batterieschutzvorrichtung. The invention relates to a battery protection device for a traction battery of a motor vehicle according to the preamble of the independent patent claim. Furthermore, the invention relates to a motor vehicle with such a battery protection device.
Bei elektrisch betriebenen Kraftfahrzeugen mit einer Traktionsbatterie besteht die Gefahr, dass während oder nach einer Kollision eine oder mehrere Batteriezellen stark deformiert und/oder beschädigt werden, was zu einem Batteriebrand führen kann. Insbesondere bei einer Seitenkollision ist ein Risiko erhöht, dass Batteriezellen verformt werden, da eine geringere Pufferzone zwischen der Traktionsbatterie und der Außenseite des Kraftfahrzeugs ist. In electrically operated motor vehicles with a traction battery, there is a risk that one or more battery cells will be severely deformed and/or damaged during or after a collision, which can lead to a battery fire. In the event of a side collision in particular, there is an increased risk that battery cells will be deformed, since there is a smaller buffer zone between the traction battery and the outside of the motor vehicle.
Um eine Beschädigung einer Traktionsbatterie bei einer Seitenkollision zu minimieren, ist es bekannt, die Traktionsbatterie in einer mechanisch geschützten Batterieschutzvorrichtung anzuordnen, um mögliche Deformationen der Batteriezellen und somit einen Batteriebrand zu vermeiden. So ist aus der DE 102010050826 A1 eine gattungsgemäße Anordnung zumindest einer Traktionsbatterie in einem elektrisch angetriebenen Kraftfahrzeug bekannt, wobei die Batterie zwischen den Achsen des Kraftfahrzeugs und zwischen längs verlaufenden, seitlichen Schwellern am Unterboden des Fahrzeugaufbaus und mit einem definierten Abstand zu den Schwellern in einem Batteriekasten gelagert ist. Ein wirksamer Schutz der Traktionsbatterie bei einem Seitencrash des Kraftfahrzeugs wird dadurch erzielt, dass die zumindest eine Batterie durch in einem Seitencrashfall wirksame Mittel zusätzlich vor Beschädigung geschützt ist. In order to minimize damage to a traction battery in the event of a side collision, it is known to arrange the traction battery in a mechanically protected battery protection device in order to avoid possible deformation of the battery cells and thus a battery fire. DE 102010050826 A1 discloses a generic arrangement of at least one traction battery in an electrically powered motor vehicle, with the battery being located between the axles of the motor vehicle and between longitudinal side sills on the underbody of the vehicle body and at a defined distance from the sills in a battery box is stored. An effective protection of Traction battery in a side crash of the motor vehicle is achieved in that the at least one battery is additionally protected against damage by effective means in a side crash.
Aus der DE 102018205234 B3 ist eine Batterieanordnung für ein Elektrofahrzeug oder Hybrid-Elektrofahrzeug bekannt, mit mehreren Batteriemodulen, die allgemein quaderförmige und in Fahrzeugquerrichtung langgestreckte Batteriemodulgehäuse aufweisen, die jeweils mehrere Batteriezellen enthalten und mittels flexibler Leitungen miteinander verbunden sind, wobei sich die Batteriemodulgehäuse in Fahrzeugquerrichtung zwischen seitlichen Schwellern des Fahrzeugs erstrecken und wobei die Batteriemodulgehäuse in Fahrzeuglängsrichtung hintereinander angeordnet und gemeinsam von einem Batteriegehäuse umgeben sind, wobei die Batteriemodulgehäuse durch eine die Fahrzeugkarosserie verformende seitliche Krafteinwirkung auf das Fahrzeug unter Verformung des Batteriegehäuses in Fahrzeugquerrichtung gegeneinander beweglich sind. Zwischen je zwei benachbarten Batteriemodulgehäusen ist ein in Fahrzeugquerrichtung langgestrecktes Führungs- und Kraftübertragungselement angeordnet, das ebenso lang wie die Batteriemodulgehäuse ist, ebenso wie die Batteriemodulgehäuse aber unabhängig davon unter Verformung des Batteriegehäuses in Fahrzeugquerrichtung beweglich ist, mit den Batteriemodulgehäusen Formschluss hat und die Batteriemodulgehäuse in Fahrzeugquerrichtung führt. DE 102018205234 B3 discloses a battery arrangement for an electric vehicle or hybrid electric vehicle, with a plurality of battery modules which have battery module housings which are generally cuboid and are elongated in the transverse direction of the vehicle, each of which contains a plurality of battery cells and are connected to one another by means of flexible lines, the battery module housings extending in the transverse direction of the vehicle between side sills of the vehicle and wherein the battery module housings are arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle and are jointly surrounded by a battery housing, the battery module housings being movable in relation to one another in the transverse direction of the vehicle as a result of a lateral force acting on the vehicle that deforms the vehicle body and deforming the battery housing. Between each two adjacent battery module housings there is a guide and force transmission element that is elongated in the transverse direction of the vehicle and is just as long as the battery module housing, just like the battery module housing but can be moved independently of this with deformation of the battery housing in the transverse direction of the vehicle, has a positive fit with the battery module housings and the battery module housings in the transverse direction of the vehicle leads.
Aus der DE 202016 103720 U1 ist eine Batterieanordnung für ein Fahrzeug bekannt, umfassend eine Batterie, einen Träger, der die Batterie aufnimmt, mindestens ein zerbrechliches Verbindungsteil, durch das der Träger am Fahrzeug befestigt ist, eine Kantenverstärkung, die an jeder lateralen Seite des Trägers befestigt ist, und einen vorderen Kanal und einen hinteren Kanal, die an dem Fahrzeug befestigt sind und den Träger führen, wenn der Träger von einem Aufprallort wegleitet, wenn das zerbrechliche Verbindungsteil bei einer Seitenaufprallkollision bricht. Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine Batterieschutzvorrichtung zum Schutz einer Traktionsbatterie eines Kraftfahrzeugs bereitzustellen, insbesondere zum Schutz vor einer Seitenkollision. From DE 202016 103720 U1 a battery assembly for a vehicle is known, comprising a battery, a carrier that accommodates the battery, at least one frangible connection part by which the carrier is attached to the vehicle, an edge reinforcement attached to each lateral side of the carrier and a front duct and a rear duct fixed to the vehicle that guide the carrier as the carrier directs away from an impact site if the frangible link breaks in a side impact collision. The object of the present invention is to provide a battery protection device for protecting a traction battery of a motor vehicle, in particular for protection against a side collision.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die unabhängigen Patentansprüche gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Patentansprüchen, der folgenden Beschreibung sowie den Figuren offenbart. This object is solved by the independent patent claims. Advantageous developments of the invention are disclosed in the dependent patent claims, the following description and the figures.
Die Erfindung basiert auf der Idee, dass Batteriebrände bei einer Seitenkollision vermieden werden können und dadurch mehr Sicherheit für den Fahrer und Passagiere des Kraftfahrzeugs angeboten werden können, wenn ein doppelter Batterieschutzrahmen verwendet wird, wobei der erste Rahmen fest mit der Fahrzeugkarosserie verbunden ist und der zweite Rahmen, in dem die Traktionsbatterie gelagert ist, im Falle einer Seitenkollision seitlich zu dem ersten Rahmen verschoben wird, sodass eine geringere Kraft und damit ein geringeres Risiko einer Deformation auf die Traktionsbatterie auftritt. The invention is based on the idea that battery fires can be avoided in a side collision, thereby offering more safety to the driver and passengers of the motor vehicle, if a double battery protection frame is used, with the first frame being fixed to the vehicle body and the second Frame in which the traction battery is stored, is shifted laterally to the first frame in the event of a side collision, so that a lower force and thus a lower risk of deformation occurs on the traction battery.
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Batterieschutzvorrichtung für eine Traktionsbatterie eines Kraftfahrzeugs, mit einem Trägerrahmen und einer Batteriegehäusewanne, wobei bei einem bestimmungsgemäßen Gebrauch der Batterieschutzvorrichtung der Trägerrahmen an einer Fahrzeugkarosserie des Kraftfahrzeugs angebracht ist und die Traktionsbatterie in der Batteriegehäusewanne angeordnet ist. Erfindungsgemäß ist in einem Bereich des Trägerrahmens und einem korrespondierenden Bereich eines Rahmens der Batteriegehäusewanne eine Verbindungsstruktur bereitgestellt, über die die Batteriegehäusewanne an dem Trägerrahmen gelagert ist, wobei die Verbindungsstruktur aus Nuten und korrespondierenden Verbindungselementen, die in die jeweilig korrespondierenden Nuten kraft- und/oder formschlüssig eingreifen, ausgebildet ist, wobei die Verbindungsstruktur ferner dazu ausgebildet ist, dass die Verbindungselemente bei Einwirkung einer vorgegebenen Kraft aus zumindest einer vorgegebenen Richtung auf die Batterieschutzvorrichtung aus den Nuten herausschiebbar sind und somit die Batteriegehäusewanne in der vorgegebenen Richtung relativ zum Trägerrahmen verschiebbar ist. The invention relates to a battery protection device for a traction battery of a motor vehicle, with a carrier frame and a battery housing tray, with the battery protection device being used as intended, the carrier frame being attached to a vehicle body of the motor vehicle and the traction battery being arranged in the battery housing tray. According to the invention, a connection structure is provided in an area of the support frame and a corresponding area of a frame of the battery housing tray, via which the battery housing tray is mounted on the support frame, the connection structure consisting of grooves and corresponding connection elements which are force-fitted and/or form-fitted into the corresponding grooves engage, is formed, wherein the connection structure is further formed to the fact that the connecting elements when a predetermined force acts on the battery protection device from at least one predetermined direction can be pushed out of the grooves and thus the battery housing tray can be displaced in the predetermined direction relative to the support frame.
Mit anderen Worten umfasst die Batterieschutzvorrichtung zwei Rahmen, die bei einer Kollision seitlich zueinander verschoben beziehungsweise ausgerutscht werden können. Der erste Rahmen ist ein Trägerrahmen, der durch Befestigungsmittel an der Fahrzeugkarosserie angebracht werden kann. Der zweite Rahmen ist ein Rahmen einer Batteriegehäusewanne, in die die Traktionsbatterie angeordnet werden kann. Die beiden Rahmen können einen Bereich aufweisen, in den der Trägerrahmen und der Rahmen der Batteriegehäusewanne Übereinanderliegen, wobei in diesem Bereich jeweils eine Verbindungsstruktur mittels mehrerer Nuten und korrespondierender Verbindungselemente in die jeweiligen Rahmen eingearbeitet ist. Die Verbindungselemente können dabei in einem Normalzustand der Batterieschutzvorrichtung in die korrespondierenden Nuten kraft- und/oder formschlüssig eingreifen, sodass die Rahmen an der Verbindungsstruktur als ein ineinander eingefügter Doppelrahmen gehalten werden. Das heißt, dass die Batteriegehäusewanne über die Verbindungsstruktur an dem Trägerrahmen aufgehängt ist. In other words, the battery protection device comprises two frames that can be displaced laterally relative to one another or slip out in the event of a collision. The first frame is a support frame attachable to the vehicle body by fasteners. The second frame is a frame of a battery housing tray into which the traction battery can be placed. The two frames can have an area in which the support frame and the frame of the battery housing tray lie one above the other, with a connection structure being incorporated into the respective frame in this area by means of a plurality of grooves and corresponding connection elements. When the battery protection device is in a normal state, the connecting elements can engage in the corresponding grooves in a non-positive and/or positive manner, so that the frames are held on the connecting structure as a double frame inserted into one another. That is, the battery case tray is suspended from the support frame via the connection structure.
Die Verbindungselemente können Zähne sein, die in die jeweiligen Nuten eingreifen, wobei die Verbindungselemente und die Nuten im Querschnitt vorzugsweise eine puzzleförmige Kontur aufweisen, insbesondere eine Schwalbenschwanzkontour, so dass die Verbindungselemente in zumindest vier der sechs Raumrichtungen formschlüssig begrenzt wird. In die freie Raumrichtung entlang der Nuten kann das jeweilige Verbindungselement vorzugsweise kraftschlüssig gehalten werden. Das bedeutet, dass bei Auftreten einer vorgegebenen Kraft beziehungsweise einem Übersteigen einer vorgegebenen Kraftschwelle in der vorgegebenen Richtung, insbesondere in Richtung entlang der Nuten, die Verbindungselemente aus den Nuten herausgedrückt werden können, wobei sich dadurch die Batteriegehäusewanne insgesamt vom Trägerrahmen löst und somit die Batteriegehäusewanne relativ zum Trägerrahmen verschoben werden kann. Die Richtung in der die Batteriegehäusewanne verschoben werden soll, kann durch die Richtung der Nuten vorgegeben sein, wobei die vorgegebene Richtung vorzugsweise eine Hin- und Rückrichtung entlang eines Raumfreiheitsgrades sein kann. Vorzugsweise sind die Nuten so ausgerichtet, dass die vorgegebene Richtung bei der bestimmungsgemäßen Anwendung der Batterieschutzvorrichtung seitlich zu dem Kraftfahrzeug verläuft, sodass bei einer Seitenkollision die Batteriegehäusewanne zu der Seite des Kraftfahrzeugs herausgeschoben werden kann, die der Kollision abgewandt ist. The connecting elements can be teeth that engage in the respective grooves, the connecting elements and the grooves preferably having a puzzle-shaped contour in cross section, in particular a dovetail contour, so that the connecting elements are positively delimited in at least four of the six spatial directions. In the free spatial direction along the grooves, the respective connecting element can preferably be held in a non-positive manner. This means that when a specified force occurs or a specified force threshold is exceeded in the specified direction, in particular in the direction along the grooves, the connecting elements can be pushed out of the grooves, with the result that the battery housing trough is detached from the support frame as a whole and the battery housing trough is thus released relatively can be moved to the support frame. The direction in which the battery case tray is to be slid may be specified by the direction of the grooves, and the specified direction may preferably be a back and forth direction along a spatial degree of freedom. The grooves are preferably aligned such that the specified direction runs laterally to the motor vehicle when the battery protection device is used as intended, so that in the event of a side collision the battery housing tray can be pushed out to the side of the motor vehicle that faces away from the collision.
Durch die Erfindung ergibt sich der Vorteil, dass durch das Verschieben der Batteriegehäusewanne aus der Batterieschutzvorrichtung heraus eine Kraft von der Traktionsbatterie genommen werden kann, wodurch geringere Deformationsrisiken auf die Traktionsbatterie wirken und somit eine Gefahr eines Batteriebrands verringert werden kann. Des Weiteren befindet sich die Traktionsbatterie nicht mehr direkt unter dem Kraftfahrzeug, wodurch eine direkte Brandeinwirkung auf das Kraftfahrzeug verringert werden kann, falls es zu einem Batteriebrand kommt, was eine Sicherheit zusätzlich erhöht. The advantage of the invention is that by moving the battery housing tray out of the battery protection device, a force can be removed from the traction battery, which means that the traction battery is less likely to deform and the risk of a battery fire can be reduced. Furthermore, the traction battery is no longer located directly under the motor vehicle, as a result of which a direct fire effect on the motor vehicle can be reduced if a battery fire occurs, which additionally increases safety.
Die Erfindung umfasst auch Ausführungsformen, durch die sich zusätzliche Vorteile ergeben. The invention also includes embodiments that result in additional advantages.
Eine Ausführungsform sieht vor, dass die Bereiche mit der Verbindungsstruktur zumindest an einer Seite des Trägerrahmens und des Rahmens der Batteriegehäusewanne bereitgestellt sind und durchgehend über eine Länge der Seite verlaufen. Mit anderen Worten können die Batterieschutzvorrichtung und der Trägerrahmen rechteckig ausgebildet sein, wobei eine Seite des Rechtecks, vorzugsweise zwei Seiten des Rechtecks, die parallel zueinander verlaufen und die die Traktionsbatterie in einer Fahrzeugquerrichtung seitlich begrenzen, die Verbindungsstruktur aufweist. Hierbei verläuft die Verbindungsstruktur, das heißt die Nuten und Verbindungselemente, durchgehend über die jeweilige Länge der Seite. Insbesondere können die Nuten parallel zur Fahrzeugquerrichtung ausgerichtet sein, sodass ein seitliches Verschieben der Batteriegehäusewanne zu dem Trägerrahmen bei einer Seitenkollision ermöglicht wird. Der durchgehende Verlauf über die gesamte Länge der Seite bietet den Vorteil, dass ein Gewicht der Batteriegehäusewanne mit der Traktionsbatterie gleichmäßig verteilt ist, was Torsionskräfte auf die Rahmen verringert. One embodiment provides that the areas with the connection structure are provided at least on one side of the support frame and the frame of the battery housing tray and run continuously over a length of the side. In other words, the battery protection device and the support frame can be rectangular, with one side of the rectangle, preferably two sides of the rectangle, which run parallel to one another and which laterally delimit the traction battery in a vehicle transverse direction, having the connection structure. The connection structure, ie the grooves and connection elements, runs continuously over the respective length of the side. In particular, the grooves can be aligned parallel to the vehicle transverse direction, so that a lateral displacement of the Battery housing tray is made possible to the support frame in a side collision. The continuous course over the entire length of the side offers the advantage that the weight of the battery housing tray with the traction battery is evenly distributed, which reduces torsional forces on the frames.
Eine weitere Ausführungsform sieht vor, dass die Batteriegehäusewanne zumindest ein Führungselement aufweist, das in einer Dämpfungskammer des Trägerrahmens geführt ist, wobei die Dämpfungskammer ein Dämpfungselement aufweist, das dazu ausgebildet ist, bei der Verschiebung der Batteriegehäusewanne auf das Führungselement einzuwirken und die Verschiebung abzudämpfen. Mit anderen Worten kann die Batteriegehäusewanne zumindest ein, vorzugsweise zwei, seitliche Führungselemente aufweisen, die die Batteriegehäusewanne in der vorgegebenen Richtung, insbesondere in der Raumrichtung derA further embodiment provides that the battery housing trough has at least one guide element which is guided in a damping chamber of the support frame, the damping chamber having a damping element which is designed to act on the guide element when the battery housing trough is displaced and to dampen the displacement. In other words, the battery housing trough can have at least one, preferably two, lateral guide elements that guide the battery housing trough in the specified direction, in particular in the spatial direction of the
Seitenkollision, führen können. Das zumindest eine Führungselement kann vorzugsweise in eine Dämpfungskammer eingreifen, die am Trägerrahmen angeordnet ist. In der Dämpfungskammer ist ein Dämpfungselement bereitgestellt, das mit dem Führungselement wechselwirken kann und somit ein Verschieben der Batteriegehäusewanne zu dem Trägerrahmen abbremst beziehungsweise abfedert. Dazu kann das Führungselement beispielsweise mit dem Dämpfungselement verbunden sein und durch Stauchung oder Streckung des Dämpfungselements eine Energie aufnehmen. Auch kann das Führungselement als Stempel ausgebildet sein, der das Dämpfungselement verformt und durch die Deformation des Dämpfungselements dieSide collision, can lead. The at least one guide element can preferably engage in a damping chamber that is arranged on the support frame. A damping element is provided in the damping chamber, which can interact with the guide element and thus decelerates or cushions a displacement of the battery housing pan to the carrier frame. For this purpose, the guide element can be connected to the damping element, for example, and can absorb energy by compressing or stretching the damping element. Also, the guide element can be designed as a punch that deforms the damping element and the deformation of the damping element
Verschiebung dämpft beziehungsweise abbremst. Sind zwei seitliche Führungselemente auf zwei Seiten der Batteriegehäusewanne vorgesehen, sind vorzugsweise zwei Dämpfungskammern auf den jeweiligen Seiten bereitgestellt, die jeweilige Dämpfungselemente aufweisen, um die Verschiebung beziehungsweise den seitlichen Stoß abzufedern. Durch diese Ausführungsform ergibt sich der Vorteil, dass die Batteriegehäusewanne bei Auftreten der vorgegebenen Kraft bei einer Seitenkollision nicht ungebremst aus der Batterieschutzvorrichtung herausgeschleudert wird, was eine Sicherheit für die Umgebung der Batterieschutzvorrichtung beziehungsweise des Kraftfahrzeugs mit der Batterieschutzvorrichtung erhöht. Des Weiteren können Deformationen an der Traktionsbatterie und damit die Entstehung eines Batteriebrands verringert werden, indem die Batteriegehäusewanne schonend abgebremst wird. Shift dampens or slows down. When two lateral guide members are provided on two sides of the battery case pan, preferably two cushioning chambers are provided on the respective sides, each having cushioning members to absorb the displacement or the lateral impact. This embodiment has the advantage that the battery housing tray is not ejected unchecked from the battery protection device when the predetermined force occurs in a side collision, which is a safety for the environment of the battery protection device or of the motor vehicle with the battery protection device increased. Furthermore, deformations of the traction battery and thus the occurrence of a battery fire can be reduced by gently braking the battery housing pan.
Vorzugsweise ist vorgesehen, dass das Dämpfungselement eine Waben oder Schaumstruktur aufweist, die dazu ausgebildet ist, durch Deformation die Verschiebung zu dämpfen. So kann das Dämpfungselement eine Bienenwabenstruktur aufweisen, die durch Deformation eine Aufprallenergie absorbiert. Auch eine Schaumstruktur, die sich bei Krafteinwirkung komprimieren kann, kann so einen Stoß abdämpfen. Die Waben- oder Schaumstruktur kann beispielsweise aus einem Metall, einem Kunststoff und/oder einem Faserverbundmaterial ausgebildet sein, wobei das Material vorzugsweise weicher ist, als das Material des Trägerrahmens und des Rahmens der Batteriegehäusewanne. Alternativ zu der Waben- oder Schaumstruktur kann das Dämpfungselement auch als eine Hydraulik ausgebildet sein, die die Verschiebung dämpfen kann. Provision is preferably made for the damping element to have a honeycomb or foam structure which is designed to dampen the displacement through deformation. For example, the damping element can have a honeycomb structure that absorbs impact energy through deformation. A foam structure that can compress when force is applied can also absorb an impact in this way. The honeycomb or foam structure can be formed from a metal, a plastic and/or a fiber composite material, for example, with the material preferably being softer than the material of the carrier frame and the frame of the battery housing tray. As an alternative to the honeycomb or foam structure, the damping element can also be designed as a hydraulic system that can dampen the displacement.
Alternativ ist vorzugsweise vorgesehen, dass das Dämpfungselement zumindest ein Verformungsrohr aufweist, das dazu ausgebildet ist, durch Deformation die Verschiebung zu dämpfen. Ein Verformungsrohr, das auch als Faltenbeulrohr oder „Crash Can“ bezeichnet werden kann, ist ein Rohr mit vorgegebenen Aus- oder Einbeulungen, das bei einer Kraftbeaufschlagung aus einer vorgegebenen Richtung an den Aus- bzw. Einbeulungen deformiert und so zusammengeschoben werden kann. Das als Verformungsrohr ausgebildete Dämpfungselement kann vorzugsweise derart am Führungselement befestigt sein, dass bei Verschiebung der Batteriegehäusewanne eine Verkürzung des Verformungsrohrs auftritt, wodurch die Verschiebung und damit der Stoß abgedämpft werden. Alternatively, it is preferably provided that the damping element has at least one deformation tube, which is designed to dampen the displacement through deformation. A deformation tube, which can also be referred to as a buckling tube or "crash can", is a tube with predetermined bulges or dents that can be deformed at the bulges or dents when a force is applied from a predetermined direction and can thus be pushed together. The damping element designed as a deformation tube can preferably be fastened to the guide element in such a way that when the battery housing pan is displaced, the deformation tube is shortened, as a result of which the displacement and thus the impact are damped.
Als weitere Alternative ist vorgesehen, dass das Dämpfungselement zumindest ein elastisches Element aufweist, das dazu ausgebildet ist, durch Ausdehnung die Verschiebung zu dämpfen. Mit anderen Worten kann das elastische Element die Verschiebung abbremsen, indem das Führungselement durch das elastische Element zurückgehalten wird. Als elastisches Element kann beispielsweise zumindest eine Feder und/oder zumindest ein Gummiband dienen, das die Verschiebung der Batteriegehäusewanne zu dem Trägerrahmen abbremst. Durch die zuvor beschriebenen Dämpfungselemente können bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen des Dämpfungselements erreicht werden. As a further alternative, it is provided that the damping element has at least one elastic element which is designed to dampen the displacement by expansion. In other words, the elastic element can slow down the displacement by Guide element is retained by the elastic element. At least one spring and/or at least one rubber band, for example, can be used as the elastic element, which brakes the displacement of the battery housing tray in relation to the carrier frame. Preferred configurations of the damping element can be achieved by the damping elements described above.
Eine weitere Ausführungsform sieht vor, dass die Verbindungsstruktur als Schwalbenschwanzverbindung ausgebildet ist. So können die Nuten und Verbindungselemente eine Puzzlekontur aufweisen, insbesondere in Form eines Schwalbenschwanzes. Das bedeutet, dass die Nuten und Verbindungselemente im Querschnitt eine dreieckige beziehungsweise trapezoide Form aufweisen, die formschlüssig ineinandergreifen. Hierbei kann ein Formschluss in alle Richtungen, bis auf die Richtung der Nut selber, erreicht werden. Die Schwalbenschwanzverbindung ergibt den Vorteil, dass eine im hohen Maße formschlüssige Verbindung erreicht werden kann, die die Batteriegehäusewanne an dem Trägerrahmen lagern kann. A further embodiment provides that the connection structure is designed as a dovetail connection. Thus, the grooves and connecting elements can have a jigsaw puzzle contour, in particular in the form of a dovetail. This means that the grooves and connecting elements have a triangular or trapezoidal shape in cross section, which interlock in a form-fitting manner. Here, a form fit can be achieved in all directions, except for the direction of the groove itself. The dovetail connection provides the advantage that a highly positive connection can be achieved, which can support the battery housing tray on the support frame.
Eine weitere Ausführungsform sieht vor, dass in der Batteriegehäusewanne eine gitterförmige Versteifungsstruktur angeordnet ist. Die gitterförmige Versteifungsstruktur kann in Form von Stahlträgern, insbesondere Stahlträgern mit einem T-förmigen Profil, beziehungsweise einer Fachwerkstruktur, bereitgestellt werden. Somit kann eine Einwirkung auf die Traktionsbatterie, die sich zwischen der Versteifungsstruktur in der Batteriegehäusewanne befinden kann, erreicht werden. Insbesondere kann bei einer Krafteinwirkung aus der vorgegebenen Richtung die Batteriegehäusewanne durch die Versteifungsstruktur verbessert intakt gehalten werden, was bei der Aufprallenergieweiterleitung und dem Verschieben der Batteriegehäusewanne aus der Batterieschutzvorrichtung heraus hilft. A further embodiment provides that a grid-like reinforcement structure is arranged in the battery housing tray. The lattice-like stiffening structure can be provided in the form of steel girders, in particular steel girders with a T-shaped profile, or a framework structure. Thus, an effect on the traction battery, which can be located between the stiffening structure in the battery housing pan, can be achieved. In particular, when a force acts from the predetermined direction, the battery housing pan can be kept intact by the stiffening structure in an improved manner, which helps with the transmission of impact energy and the displacement of the battery housing pan out of the battery protection device.
Eine weitere Ausführungsform sieht vor, dass die Batterieschutzvorrichtung ein Gehäuse aufweist, das zumindest die Batteriegehäusewanne vor äußeren Umwelteinflüssen abschirmt, wobei das Gehäuse in der zumindest einen vorgegebenen Richtung ein Gehäuseelement aufweist, das dazu ausgebildet ist, sich durch die Verschiebung der Batteriegehäusewanne zu öffnen. Mit anderen Worten ist zumindest um die Batteriegehäusewanne ein Gehäuse bereitgestellt, das die Traktionsbatterie vor äußeren Umwelteinflüssen schützt. So kann beispielsweise ein Feuchtigkeits beziehungsweise Spritzschutz durch das Gehäuse bereitgestellt werden. Seitlich an dem Gehäuse können Gehäuseelemente bereitgestellt sein, die sich bei Einwirkung der vorgegebenen Kraft aus der vorgegebenen Richtung auf die Batterieschutzvorrichtung öffnen beziehungsweise aufklaffen. Hierzu kann ein weiches Material verwendet werden, insbesondere Kunststoff, das einer Kraft der Batteriegehäusewanne, die auf das Gehäuseelement wirkt, nachgibt und somit die Batteriegehäusewanne nach außen hin freigibt. Auch kann eine vorgegebene Sollbruchstelle an dem Gehäuseelement bereitgestellt sein, die bei Einwirken der vorgegebenen Kraft, die durch die Batteriegehäusewanne an das Gehäuseelement weitergegeben wird, bricht und somit die Öffnung freigibt. Vorzugsweise ist das Gehäuseelement derart ausgebildet, dass sie aufklaffen kann und dadurch die Batterie seitlich verschoben werden kann, wobei vorzugsweise nur eine sehr geringe Gegenkraft durch das Gehäuseelement auf die Batteriegehäusewanne ausgeübt wird. Durch diese Ausführungsform ergibt sich der Vorteil, dass ein Schutz der Traktionsbatterie beziehungsweise Batteriegehäusewanne vor äußeren Umwelteinflüssen bereitgestellt werden kann und dennoch die Verschiebbarkeit der Batteriegehäusewanne relativ zum Trägerrahmen gesichert werden kann. A further embodiment provides that the battery protection device has a housing which shields at least the battery housing tray from external environmental influences, the housing in the at least has a case member in a predetermined direction, which is configured to open by the displacement of the battery case tray. In other words, a housing is provided at least around the battery housing tray, which protects the traction battery from external environmental influences. For example, protection against moisture or splashes can be provided by the housing. Housing elements can be provided on the side of the housing, which open or gape when the predetermined force acts on the battery protection device from the predetermined direction. A soft material can be used for this purpose, in particular plastic, which yields to a force of the battery housing trough which acts on the housing element and thus releases the battery housing trough to the outside. A predetermined predetermined breaking point can also be provided on the housing element, which breaks under the action of the predetermined force that is passed on to the housing element through the battery housing tray and thus releases the opening. The housing element is preferably designed in such a way that it can gape open and the battery can thereby be displaced laterally, with preferably only a very small counterforce being exerted by the housing element on the battery housing trough. This embodiment has the advantage that the traction battery or battery housing pan can be protected against external environmental influences and the displaceability of the battery housing pan relative to the carrier frame can still be secured.
Ein weiterer Aspekt der Erfindung betrifft ein Kraftfahrzeug mit einer Batterieschutzvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ausführungsformen. Bei dem bestimmungsgemäßen Gebrauch der Batterieschutzvorrichtung mit dem Kraftfahrzeug ist die Traktionsbatterie vorzugsweise in der Batteriegehäusewanne angeordnet und die Batterieschutzvorrichtung ist am Unterboden des Kraftfahrzeugs an der Fahrzeugkarosserie angebracht, insbesondere über den Trägerrahmen, wobei die Batterieschutzvorrichtung mit der Traktionsbatterie zwischen den Achsen des Kraftfahrzeugs und Schwellern des Kraftfahrzeugs gelagert ist. Das erfindungsgemäße Kraftfahrzeug ist bevorzugt als elektrisch betriebener Kraftwagen, insbesondere als Personenkraftwagen oder Lastkraftwagen, oder als Personenbus ausgestaltet. A further aspect of the invention relates to a motor vehicle with a battery protection device according to one of the preceding embodiments. When the battery protection device is used as intended with the motor vehicle, the traction battery is preferably arranged in the battery housing trough and the battery protection device is attached to the underbody of the motor vehicle on the vehicle body, in particular via the support frame, the battery protection device with the traction battery between the axles of the motor vehicle and rocker panels of the motor vehicle is stored. The motor vehicle according to the invention is preferably designed as an electrically operated motor vehicle, in particular as a passenger car or truck, or as a passenger bus.
Zu der Erfindung gehören auch Weiterbildungen des erfindungsgemäßen Kraftfahrzeugs, die Merkmale aufweisen, wie sie bereits im Zusammenhang mit den Weiterbildungen der erfindungsgemäßen Batterieschutzvorrichtung beschrieben worden sind. Aus diesem Grund sind die entsprechenden Weiterbildungen des erfindungsgemäßen Kraftfahrzeugs hier nicht noch einmal beschrieben. The invention also includes developments of the motor vehicle according to the invention, which have features as have already been described in connection with the developments of the battery protection device according to the invention. For this reason, the corresponding developments of the motor vehicle according to the invention are not described again here.
Die Erfindung umfasst auch die Kombinationen der Merkmale der beschriebenen Ausführungsformen. Die Erfindung umfasst also auch Realisierungen, die jeweils eine Kombination der Merkmale mehrerer der beschriebenen Ausführungsformen aufweisen, sofern die Ausführungsformen nicht als sich gegenseitig ausschließend beschrieben wurden. The invention also includes the combinations of features of the described embodiments. The invention also includes implementations that each have a combination of the features of several of the described embodiments, unless the embodiments were described as mutually exclusive.
Im Folgenden sind Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung beschrieben. Hierzu zeigt: Exemplary embodiments of the invention are described below. For this shows:
Fig. 1 eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Batterieschutzvorrichtung in einem Normalzustand; 1 is a perspective view of a battery protector in a normal state;
Fig. 2 eine perspektivische Ansicht der Batterieschutzvorrichtung bei einer Seitenkollision; 2 is a perspective view of the battery protection device in a side collision;
Fig. 3 eine schematische Rückansicht eines Kraftfahrzeugs mit einerFig. 3 is a schematic rear view of a motor vehicle with a
Batterieschutzvorrichtung. battery protection device.
Bei den im Folgenden erläuterten Ausführungsbeispielen handelt es sich um bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung. Bei den Ausführungsbeispielen stellen die beschriebenen Komponenten der Ausführungsformen jeweils einzelne, unabhängig voneinander zu betrachtende Merkmale der Erfindung dar, welche die Erfindung jeweils auch unabhängig voneinander weiterbilden. Daher soll die Offenbarung auch andere als die dargestellten Kombinationen der Merkmale der Ausführungsformen umfassen. Des Weiteren sind die beschriebenen Ausführungsformen auch durch weitere der bereits beschriebenen Merkmale der Erfindung ergänzbar. The exemplary embodiments explained below are preferred embodiments of the invention. In the exemplary embodiments, the described components of the embodiments each deliver individually, independently of one another contemplated features of the invention, which each also develop the invention independently of one another. Therefore, the disclosure is also intended to encompass combinations of the features of the embodiments other than those illustrated. Furthermore, the described embodiments can also be supplemented by further features of the invention that have already been described.
In den Figuren bezeichnen gleiche Bezugszeichen jeweils funktionsgleiche Elemente. In the figures, the same reference symbols designate elements with the same function.
In Fig. 1 ist eine perspektivische Ansicht einer schematisch dargestellten Batterieschutzvorrichtung 10 für eine Traktionsbatterie gemäß einer beispielhaften Ausführungsform gezeigt. Die Batterieschutzvorrichtung 10 ist in dieser Darstellung in einem Normalzustand gezeigt, wie sie bei einem bestimmungsgemäßen Gebrauch an einer Fahrzeugkarosserie eines Kraftfahrzeugs befestigt sein kann. 1 shows a perspective view of a schematically illustrated battery protection device 10 for a traction battery according to an exemplary embodiment. The battery protection device 10 is shown in this representation in a normal state, as it can be attached to a vehicle body of a motor vehicle when used as intended.
Die Batterieschutzvorrichtung 10 weist einen Trägerrahmen 12 auf, mittels dem die Batterieschutzvorrichtung 10 an einer Unterseite der Fahrzeugkarosserie angebracht werden kann. Flierzu kann der Trägerrahmen 12 beispielsweise mit der Fahrzeugkarosserie verschraubt oder verschweißt werden. Des Weiteren umfasst die Batterieschutzvorrichtung 10 eine Batteriegehäusewanne 14, in der eine Traktionsbatterie (nicht gezeigt) angeordnet werden kann. The battery protection device 10 has a support frame 12 by means of which the battery protection device 10 can be attached to an underside of the vehicle body. For this purpose, the carrier frame 12 can be screwed or welded to the vehicle body, for example. Furthermore, the battery protection device 10 includes a battery housing tray 14 in which a traction battery (not shown) can be arranged.
Die Batteriegehäusewanne 14 weist einen Rahmen 16 auf, der im Normalzustand deckungsgleich mit dem Trägerrahmen 12 ist, wobei der Trägerrahmen 12 und der Rahmen 16 der Batteriegehäusewanne 14 im Normalzustand über eine Verbindungsstruktur 18 lösbar miteinander verbunden sind. The battery housing pan 14 has a frame 16 which is congruent with the support frame 12 in the normal state, the support frame 12 and the frame 16 of the battery housing pan 14 being detachably connected to one another via a connecting structure 18 in the normal state.
Dazu kann die Verbindungsstruktur 18 Nuten 20 und korrespondierende Verbindungselemente 22 aufweisen, wobei die Nuten 20 und die korrespondierenden Verbindungselemente 22 kraft- und/oder formschlüssig ineinander eingreifen können. Insbesondere kann die Verbindungsstruktur 18 als Schwalbenschwanzverbindung ausgebildet sein, sodass die Verbindung, wie dargestellt, nur in Richtung der Nuten, bei Aufwendung einer vorgegebenen Kraft, gelöst werden kann. For this purpose, the connection structure 18 can have grooves 20 and corresponding connection elements 22, the grooves 20 and the corresponding connection elements 22 being non-positive and/or positive can intervene. In particular, the connection structure 18 can be designed as a dovetail connection, so that the connection, as shown, can only be released in the direction of the grooves when a predetermined force is applied.
Vorzugsweise kann die Verbindungsstruktur 18 an zwei Seiten der Batterieschutzvorrichtung 10 am Trägerrahmen 12 und am Rahmens 16 der Batteriegehäusewanne 14 bereitgestellt sein, insbesondere an den Seiten, die sich beim bestimmungsgemäßen Gebrauch an den Kraftfahrzeugseiten befinden und in die die Batteriegehäusewanne 14 bei einer Seitenkollision ausweichen soll. Ebenso können die Nuten 20 in diese Richtung ausgerichtet sein, sodass die Schwalbenschwanzverbindungen der Verbindungsstruktur 18 die Batteriegehäusewanne 14 in diese Richtung freigeben können. Um eine Stabilität der Verbindung zwischen den beiden Rahmen 12, 16 zu erhöhen, ist vorzugsweise vorgesehen, dass die Verbindungsstruktur 18 über die gesamte Länge der jeweiligen Seite verläuft. So kann ein Gewicht über die gesamte Länge verteilt werden, was im Normalzustand einen besseren Halt ermöglicht und Torsionskräfte auf die Rahmen 12, 16 vermeidet. The connecting structure 18 can preferably be provided on two sides of the battery protection device 10 on the support frame 12 and on the frame 16 of the battery housing pan 14, in particular on the sides that are located on the sides of the motor vehicle during intended use and into which the battery housing pan 14 is intended to evade in the event of a side collision. Likewise, the grooves 20 can be aligned in this direction, so that the dovetail connections of the connection structure 18 can release the battery housing tray 14 in this direction. In order to increase the stability of the connection between the two frames 12, 16, it is preferably provided that the connection structure 18 runs over the entire length of the respective side. A weight can thus be distributed over the entire length, which in the normal state enables a better hold and avoids torsional forces on the frames 12, 16.
Des Weiteren kann die Batteriegehäusewanne 14 Führungselemente 24 aufweisen, die die Batteriegehäusewanne 14 nach Öffnen der Verbindungsstruktur 18 seitlich und relativ zu dem Trägerrahmen 12 herausführen können, wobei die Führungselemente 24 vorzugsweise in einer jeweiligen Dämpfungskammer 26 geführt sei können. In der jeweiligen Dämpfungskammer 26 ist vorzugsweise ein Dämpfungselement 28 angeordnet, das dazu ausgebildet ist, bei einer Verschiebung der Batteriegehäusewanne 14 relativ zu dem Trägerrahmen 12 auf das Führungselement 24 einzuwirken und somit die Verschiebung abzudämpfen. Furthermore, the battery housing trough 14 can have guide elements 24 which, after opening the connecting structure 18 , can guide the battery housing trough 14 out laterally and relative to the support frame 12 , with the guide elements 24 preferably being able to be guided in a respective damping chamber 26 . A damping element 28 is preferably arranged in the respective damping chamber 26 and is designed to act on the guide element 24 when the battery housing tray 14 is displaced relative to the carrier frame 12 and thus to dampen the displacement.
Hierbei kann das Dämpfungselement 28 beispielsweise eine (Bienen- )Wabenstruktur aufweisen, die durch Deformation Energie aufnehmen kann und somit eine Verschiebung abdämpfen kann. Vorzugsweise kann hierzu eine Metall- oder Kunststoffstruktur verwendet werden, die durch das Führungselement 24 eingedrückt wird. In this case, the damping element 28 can have a (bee) honeycomb structure, for example, which can absorb energy through deformation and can thus dampen a displacement. Preferably, this can a metal or plastic structure which is indented by the guide element 24 can be used.
Alternativ kann als Dämpfungselement 28 auch ein Verformungsrohr („Crash Can“) verwendet werden, das vorgegebene Abschnitte aufweist, die bei einer Kraft ineinandergeschoben werden können und somit eine Dämpfung bei einer Deformation bereitstellen. Eine weitere Möglichkeit ist die Verwendung eines oder mehrerer elastischer Elemente, insbesondere von Gummibändern, die mit dem Führungselement 24 verbunden sind und bei Ausdehnung die Verschiebung der Batteriegehäusewanne 14 abfedern. Alternatively, a deformation tube (“crash can”) can also be used as the damping element 28, which has predetermined sections that can be pushed into one another under a force and thus provide damping in the event of a deformation. A further possibility is the use of one or more elastic elements, in particular rubber bands, which are connected to the guide element 24 and cushion the displacement of the battery housing tray 14 when they expand.
Eine Funktionsweise der Batterieschutzvorrichtung 10 wird nachfolgend anhand der in Fig. 2 gezeigten perspektivischen Darstellung der Batterieschutzvorrichtung 10 weiter erläutert. In Fig. 2 kann eine Seitenkollision mit einer Säule 30 auf die Batterieschutzvorrichtung 10 aufgetreten sein. Durch die Seitenkollision mit der Säule 30 kann eine Kraft, die eine vorgegebene Kraftschwelle übersteigt, aus einer vorgegebenen Richtung, das heißt einer Seitenrichtung, auf die Batterieschutzvorrichtung 10 stattgefunden haben, wobei die Kraft auf die Verbindungsstruktur 18 wirkt, sodass die Verbindungselemente 22 aus den Nuten 20 herausgedrückt werden und sich somit der Rahmen 16 von dem Trägerrahmen 12 löst. A mode of operation of the battery protection device 10 is explained further below with reference to the perspective view of the battery protection device 10 shown in FIG. 2 . In FIG. 2 , a side collision with a pillar 30 onto the battery protection device 10 may have occurred. As a result of the side collision with the pillar 30, a force exceeding a predetermined force threshold may have been applied to the battery protection device 10 from a predetermined direction, i.e. a lateral direction, the force acting on the connecting structure 18 such that the connecting elements 22 are out of the grooves 20 are pushed out and thus the frame 16 is detached from the support frame 12.
Da sich die beiden Rahmen 12, 16 voneinander gelöst haben, kann die Batteriegehäusewanne 14 relativ zum Trägerrahmen 12 seitlich herausgeschoben werden und somit dem Großteil der Kraft, die durch die Seitenkollision auftritt, ausweichen. Damit die Batteriegehäusewanne 14 nicht unkontrolliert aus der Batterieschutzvorrichtung 10 herausgeschleudert wird, kann das Führungselement 24 in der Dämpfungskammer 26 das Dämpfungselement 28 deformieren, wodurch die Bewegung der Batteriegehäusewanne 14 abgebremst wird. Somit kann eine Verformung einer in der Batteriegehäusewanne 14 befindlichen Traktionsbatterie vermieden werden und es kann verhindert werden, dass die Batteriegehäusewanne 14 unkontrolliert aus der Batterieschutzvorrichtung 10 herausgeschleudert wird. Vorzugsweise kann in der Batteriegehäusewanne 14 eine gitterförmige Versteifungsstruktur (nicht gezeigt) vorgesehen sein, die eine zusätzliche Steifigkeit der Batteriegehäusewanne 14 bereitstellt und somit eine Kraftübertragung verbessert. Since the two frames 12, 16 have separated from one another, the battery housing tray 14 can be pushed out laterally relative to the support frame 12 and thus avoid most of the force that occurs as a result of the side collision. So that the battery housing pan 14 is not thrown out of the battery protection device 10 in an uncontrolled manner, the guide element 24 in the damping chamber 26 can deform the damping element 28, as a result of which the movement of the battery housing pan 14 is braked. A deformation of a traction battery located in the battery housing tray 14 can thus be avoided and the battery housing tray 14 can be prevented from being thrown out of the battery protection device 10 in an uncontrolled manner. Preferably in the battery housing tray 14, a lattice-like stiffening structure (not shown) may be provided, which provides additional rigidity for the battery housing pan 14 and thus improves power transmission.
In Fig. 3 ist eine schematische Rückansicht eines Kraftfahrzeugs 34 mit der Batterieschutzvorrichtung 10 dargestellt, wobei in dieser Darstellung der Zustand nach der Seitenkollision mit der Säule 30 gezeigt ist. Die Batterieschutzvorrichtung 10 kann in einem bestimmungsgemäßen Gebrauch an einer Unterseite der Fahrzeugkarosserie zwischen den Achsen und den Seitenschwellern angeordnet sein. Vorzugsweise kann die Batterieschutzvorrichtung 10 oder zumindest die Batteriegehäusewanne 14 in einem Gehäuse (nicht gezeigt) angeordnet sein, das die Traktionsbatterie vor äußeren Umwelteinflüssen schützt. 3 shows a schematic rear view of a motor vehicle 34 with the battery protection device 10, the state after the side collision with the pillar 30 being shown in this illustration. When used as intended, the battery protection device 10 can be arranged on an underside of the vehicle body between the axles and the side sills. The battery protection device 10 or at least the battery housing tray 14 can preferably be arranged in a housing (not shown) which protects the traction battery from external environmental influences.
Tritt, wie dargestellt, eine Seitenkollision mit der Säule 30 auf, kann sich, wie zuvor beschrieben, der Rahmen 16 der Batteriegehäusewanne 14 von dem Trägerrahmen 12 lösen, indem die Verbindungselemente 22 aus den Nuten 20 der Verbindungsstruktur 18 herausgeschoben werden, wobei durch das Flerausschieben der Batteriegehäusewanne 14 eine Krafteinwirkung auf ein Gehäuseelement 32 des Gehäuses wirken kann. Das Gehäuseelement 32 kann beispielsweise eine vorgegebene Sollbruchstelle im Gehäuse aufweisen, sodass das Gehäuseelement aufklaffen kann und die Batteriegehäusewanne 14 mit der Traktionsbatterie seitlich aus dem Gehäuse heraus verschoben kann. As previously described, if a side collision with the column 30 occurs, the frame 16 of the battery housing tray 14 can disengage from the support frame 12 by sliding the fasteners 22 out of the grooves 20 of the fastener structure 18, thereby sliding out of the battery housing tray 14, a force can act on a housing element 32 of the housing. The housing element 32 can, for example, have a predetermined predetermined breaking point in the housing, so that the housing element can gape and the battery housing trough 14 with the traction battery can be pushed out of the housing to the side.
Durch die Batterieschutzvorrichtung 10 ergibt sich der Vorteil, dass eine geringere Deformation der Traktionsbatterie auftritt, falls eine Seitenkollision stattfindet, was eine Gefahr von einem Batteriebrand deutlich reduziert. Somit können das Brandrisiko und damit die Sicherheit der Insassen im Kraftfahrzeug 34 deutlich verbessert werden. The battery protection device 10 has the advantage that there is less deformation of the traction battery in the event of a side collision, which significantly reduces the risk of a battery fire. The risk of fire and thus the safety of the occupants in motor vehicle 34 can thus be significantly improved.
Insgesamt zeigen die Beispiele, wie durch die Erfindung ein Batterieschutzrahmen bereitgestellt werden kann, um Batteriebränden bei Elektrofahrzeugen vorzubeugen. Overall, the examples show how a battery protection frame can be provided by the invention in order to prevent battery fires in electric vehicles.

Claims

PATENTANSPRÜCHE: PATENT CLAIMS:
Batterieschutzvorrichtung (10) für eine Traktionsbatterie eines Kraftfahrzeugs (34), mit einem Trägerrahmen (12) und einer Batteriegehäusewanne (14), wobei bei einem bestimmungsgemäßen Gebrauch der Batterieschutzvorrichtung (10) der Trägerrahmen (12) an einer Fahrzeugkarosserie des Kraftfahrzeugs angebracht ist und die Traktionsbatterie in der Batteriegehäusewanne (14) angeordnet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in einem Bereich des Trägerrahmens (12) und einem korrespondierenden Bereich eines Rahmens (16) der Batteriegehäusewanne (14) eine Verbindungsstruktur (18) bereitgestellt ist, über die die Batteriegehäusewanne (14) an dem Trägerrahmen (12) gelagert ist, wobei die Verbindungsstruktur (18) aus Nuten (20) und korrespondierenden Verbindungselementen (22), die in die jeweilig korrespondierenden Nuten (20) kraft- und/oder formschlüssig eingreifen, ausgebildet ist, wobei die Verbindungsstruktur (18) ferner dazu ausgebildet ist, dass die Verbindungselemente (22) bei Einwirkung einer vorgegebenen Kraft aus zumindest einer vorgegebenen Richtung auf die Batterieschutzvorrichtung (10) aus den Nuten (20) herausschiebbar sind und somit die Batteriegehäusewanne (14) in der vorgegebenen Richtung relativ zum Trägerrahmen (12) verschiebbar ist. Battery protection device (10) for a traction battery of a motor vehicle (34), with a support frame (12) and a battery housing tray (14), wherein when the battery protection device (10) is used as intended, the support frame (12) is attached to a vehicle body of the motor vehicle and the Traction battery is arranged in the battery housing tray (14), characterized in that a connecting structure (18) is provided in an area of the carrier frame (12) and a corresponding area of a frame (16) of the battery housing tray (14), via which the battery housing tray (14 ) is mounted on the support frame (12), the connecting structure (18) being formed from grooves (20) and corresponding connecting elements (22) which engage in the respective corresponding grooves (20) in a non-positive and/or positive manner, wherein the Connection structure (18) is further designed to the fact that the connecting elements (22) under the action of a v predetermined force from at least one predetermined direction on the battery protection device (10) can be pushed out of the grooves (20) and thus the battery housing tray (14) can be displaced in the predetermined direction relative to the support frame (12).
Batterieschutzvorrichtung (10) nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Bereiche mit der Verbindungsstruktur (18) zumindest an einer Seite des Trägerrahmens (12) und des Rahmens (16) der Batteriegehäusewanne (14) bereitgestellt sind und durchgehend über eine Länge der Seite verlaufen. A battery protection device (10) according to claim 1, wherein the areas with the connection structure (18) are provided on at least one side of the support frame (12) and the frame (16) of the battery housing tray (14) and run continuously for a length of the side.
Batterieschutzvorrichtung (10) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Batteriegehäusewanne (14) zumindest ein Führungselement (24) aufweist, das in einer Dämpfungskammer (26) des Trägerrahmens (12) geführt ist, wobei die Dämpfungskammer (26) ein Dämpfungselement (28) aufweist, das dazu ausgebildet ist, bei der Verschiebung der Batteriegehäusewanne (14) auf das Führungselement (24) einzuwirken und die Verschiebung abzudämpfen. Battery protection device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the battery housing tray (14) has at least one guide element (24) which is guided in a damping chamber (26) of the support frame (12), the damping chamber (26) has a damping element (28) which is designed to act on the guide element (24) when the battery housing tray (14) is displaced and to dampen the displacement.
4. Batterieschutzvorrichtung (10) nach Anspruch 3, wobei das4. Battery protection device (10) according to claim 3, wherein the
Dämpfungselement (28) eine Waben- oder Schaumstruktur aufweist, die dazu ausgebildet ist, durch Deformation die Verschiebung zu dämpfen. Damping element (28) has a honeycomb or foam structure which is designed to dampen the displacement by deformation.
5. Batterieschutzvorrichtung (10) nach Anspruch 3, wobei das5. Battery protection device (10) according to claim 3, wherein the
Dämpfungselement (28) zumindest ein Verformungsrohr aufweist, das dazu ausgebildet ist, durch Deformation die Verschiebung zu dämpfen. 6. Batterieschutzvorrichtung (10) nach Anspruch 3, wobei dasDamping element (28) has at least one deformation tube which is designed to dampen the displacement by deformation. 6. Battery protection device (10) according to claim 3, wherein the
Dämpfungselement (28) zumindest ein elastisches Element aufweist, das dazu ausgebildet ist, durch Ausdehnung die Verschiebung zu dämpfen. 7. Batterieschutzvorrichtung (10) nach einem der vorhergehendenDamping element (28) has at least one elastic element which is designed to dampen the displacement by expansion. 7. Battery protection device (10) according to any one of the preceding
Ansprüche, wobei die Verbindungsstruktur (18) als Schwalbenschwanzverbindung ausgebildet ist. Claims, wherein the connection structure (18) is designed as a dovetail connection.
8. Batterieschutzvorrichtung (10) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei in der Batteriegehäusewanne (14) eine gitterförmige8. battery protection device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein in the battery housing tray (14) has a lattice-shaped
Versteifungsstruktur angeordnet ist. Stiffening structure is arranged.
9. Batterieschutzvorrichtung (10) nach einem der vorhergehenden9. Battery protection device (10) according to any one of the preceding
Ansprüche, wobei die Batterieschutzvorrichtung (10) ein Gehäuse aufweist, das zumindest die Batteriegehäusewanne (14) vor äußerenClaims, wherein the battery protection device (10) has a housing, which at least the battery housing tray (14) in front of the outside
Umwelteinflüssen abschirmt, wobei das Gehäuse in der zumindest einen vorgegebenen Richtung ein Gehäuseelement (32) aufweist, das dazu ausgebildet ist, sich durch die Verschiebung der Batteriegehäusewanne (14) zu öffnen. Shields against environmental influences, the housing having a housing element (32) in the at least one predetermined direction, which housing element is designed to open as a result of the displacement of the battery housing tray (14).
10. Kraftfahrzeug (34) mit einer Batterieschutzvorrichtung (10) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche. 10. Motor vehicle (34) with a battery protection device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims.
PCT/EP2022/071022 2021-07-27 2022-07-27 Battery protection device for a traction battery of a motor vehicle and motor vehicle having such a battery protection device WO2023006793A1 (en)

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DE102021119463.6A DE102021119463B3 (en) 2021-07-27 2021-07-27 Battery protection device for a traction battery of a motor vehicle and motor vehicle with a battery protection device

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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AT526515B1 (en) * 2022-09-22 2024-04-15 Avl List Gmbh Vehicle with movable vehicle battery

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DE102010050826A1 (en) 2010-11-09 2012-05-10 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Arrangement for traction battery in electrically driven motor vehicle, particularly electrically-powered passenger vehicle, has battery placed in battery container at underbody of vehicle structure
DE202016103720U1 (en) 2015-07-30 2016-08-31 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Sliding protective battery support carrier
DE102018205234B3 (en) 2018-04-06 2019-08-08 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Battery assembly for an electric or hybrid electric vehicle
DE102018205233A1 (en) * 2018-04-06 2019-10-10 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Battery arrangement for an electric vehicle or hybrid electric vehicle
DE102019208801B3 (en) * 2019-06-18 2020-09-03 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Connecting battery modules in electrical energy storage devices in motor vehicles

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DE102009025430B3 (en) 2009-06-16 2011-02-17 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Motor vehicle with an electric drive
DE102019203045A1 (en) 2019-03-06 2020-09-10 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Battery arrangement for a hybrid motor vehicle

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DE102010050826A1 (en) 2010-11-09 2012-05-10 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Arrangement for traction battery in electrically driven motor vehicle, particularly electrically-powered passenger vehicle, has battery placed in battery container at underbody of vehicle structure
DE202016103720U1 (en) 2015-07-30 2016-08-31 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Sliding protective battery support carrier
DE102018205234B3 (en) 2018-04-06 2019-08-08 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Battery assembly for an electric or hybrid electric vehicle
DE102018205233A1 (en) * 2018-04-06 2019-10-10 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Battery arrangement for an electric vehicle or hybrid electric vehicle
DE102019208801B3 (en) * 2019-06-18 2020-09-03 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Connecting battery modules in electrical energy storage devices in motor vehicles

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