WO2023006032A1 - Full-spectrum reflective face mask - Google Patents

Full-spectrum reflective face mask Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023006032A1
WO2023006032A1 PCT/CN2022/108621 CN2022108621W WO2023006032A1 WO 2023006032 A1 WO2023006032 A1 WO 2023006032A1 CN 2022108621 W CN2022108621 W CN 2022108621W WO 2023006032 A1 WO2023006032 A1 WO 2023006032A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layer
full
reflective
spunbond
pores
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PCT/CN2022/108621
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陶光明
吴嘉威
Original Assignee
武汉格物感知信息科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2023006032A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023006032A1/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D13/00—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
    • A41D13/05—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches protecting only a particular body part
    • A41D13/11—Protective face masks, e.g. for surgical use, or for use in foul atmospheres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
    • D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
    • D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/02—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D01F6/04—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polyolefins
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/02—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D01F6/08—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polymers of halogenated hydrocarbons
    • D01F6/12—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polymers of halogenated hydrocarbons from polymers of fluorinated hydrocarbons
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
    • D01F6/62—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/007—Addition polymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/009—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D04H3/011—Polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/16—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic filaments produced in association with filament formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M17/00—Producing multi-layer textile fabrics

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of health protection products, in particular to a full-spectrum reflective mask.
  • a mask is a sanitary product, generally refers to a device worn on the mouth and nose to filter the air entering the mouth and nose to block harmful gases, odors, and droplets from entering and exiting the wearer's mouth and nose, made of gauze or paper.
  • Masks have a certain filtering effect on the air entering the lungs. When respiratory infectious diseases are prevalent, wearing a mask has a very good effect when working in a polluted environment such as dust.
  • the masks are multi-layered.
  • a general mask includes a bottom cover layer, a filter layer, and a mask layer. Therefore, when the mask is worn, it will feel stuffy, especially in summer or in a high-temperature and high-humidity environment. When using it in the middle of the day, it is easy to have shortness of breath, hot and sweaty, and the face temperature is high.
  • the technical means used in the prior art is to add a breathing valve to facilitate the discharge of exhaled exhaust gas, reduce the feeling of stuffiness, and ensure smooth breathing, but it cannot fundamentally solve the problem of sweating after wearing a mask and the high temperature of the face caused by wearing a mask
  • the technical means adopted in the prior art also includes offering air vents to alleviate sultry heat and ensure smooth breathing, but it is easy to cause poor filterability of the mouth mask, and there is no way to effectively reduce the temperature. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a mask that can effectively reduce the temperature, reduce the temperature of the wearer's face after wearing it, and keep a cool feeling. It is suitable for wearing in summer, and is suitable for wearing in a high-temperature and high-humidity working environment.
  • the application provides a full-spectrum reflective mask, by setting a full-spectrum reflective layer formed by a metamaterial spunbonded cloth on the outermost side, and controlling the internal microstructure of the supermaterial spunbonded cloth fiber and the interfiber
  • the microstructure realizes the effective control of the electromagnetic wave by the full-spectrum reflective layer, and at the same time realizes the total reflection effect of the full-spectrum reflective layer on the entire sunlight band, and realizes the protection and cooling function of the full-spectrum reflective mask.
  • a full-spectrum reflective mask characterized in that it includes a mask body, and the mask body includes: a full-spectrum reflective layer, a filter layer and a skin contact layer that are sequentially stacked from the outside to the inside; the full-spectrum reflective layer Formed from metamaterial spunbond;
  • the supermaterial spunbond cloth includes at least one single-layer fiber spunbond layer, the single-layer fiber spunbond layer includes supermaterial fibers, and the supermaterial fibers are interwoven and laminated to form pores;
  • pores with a diameter of 100-3000 nm are reflective pores, and the total volume of the reflective pores accounts for 10%-90% of the volume of the metamaterial spunbonded fabric;
  • the metamaterial fiber is formed of a composite material including a polymer base material and micro-nano particles, and the average particle diameter of the micro-nano particles is 100-3000 nm.
  • the supermaterial spunbond cloth includes a single-layer fiber spunbond layer
  • the supermaterial fiber is composed of a composite material comprising a polymer base material and micro-nano particles. material formed.
  • metamaterial spunbond fabric comprises two or more single-layer fiber spunbond layers, at least one of the two or more single-layer fiber spunbond layers
  • the metamaterial fibers in the single fiber spunbond layer are formed from a composite material comprising a polymeric base material and micro-nano particles.
  • the full-spectrum reflective mask described in any one of items 1-3 it is characterized in that, among the pores, pores with a diameter of 100-1000nm are reflective pores, and the total volume of the reflective pores accounts for 10% of the total volume of the ultra-thin pores. 10%-90% of the volume of the material spunbonded cloth;
  • the full-spectrum reflective mask described in any one of items 1-4 it is characterized in that, among the pores, pores with a diameter of 300-900nm are reflective pores, and the total volume of the reflective pores accounts for more than 100% of the total volume of the pores. 10%-90% of the volume of the material spunbonded cloth;
  • the full-spectrum reflective mask described in any one of items 1-4 it is characterized in that, among the pores, pores with a diameter of 400-700nm are reflective pores, and the total volume of the reflective pores accounts for more than 100% of the total volume of the pores. Material 10%-90% of the volume of spunbond.
  • micro-nano particles are selected from titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ), zinc sulfide (ZnS), silicon carbide (SiC), nitride Silicon (Si 3 N 4 ), Zinc Oxide (ZnO), Boron Nitride (BN), Aluminum Silicate (Al 2 SiO 5 ) , Barium Sulfate (BaSO 4 ), Calcium Carbonate (CaCO 3 ), Magnesium Oxide (MgO) Any one or two or more of aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), magnesium carbonate (MgCO 3 ), barium carbonate (BaCO 3 ) and calcium sulfate (CaSO 4 ).
  • the polymer base material is selected from polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), fluororesin, polypropylene (PP), Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS), polyester and sodium isophthalate sulfonate copolymer, acrylic Ester copolymer, polyethylene glycol (PEG), polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT), polyvinylidene chloride resin (PVDC), vinyl acetate resin, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polylactic acid (PLA ), polyurethane (PU), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), cycloolefin copolymer (COC), polycarbonate (PC), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), styrene dimethacrylate Ester copolymer (SMMA),
  • PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
  • PP polypropylene
  • metamaterial spunbond fabric includes more than two single-layer fiber spunbond layers, and the more than two single-layer fiber spunbond layers At least one single layer of fibers in the bond layer
  • the metamaterial fibers in the spunbond layer consist of a polymeric base material.
  • metamaterial spunbond fabric includes N single-layer fiber spunbond layers, and N single-layer fiber spunbond layers.
  • Adhesive layer stacking setting N ⁇ 2;
  • N is 5-2500.
  • the full-spectrum reflective mask according to item 17 characterized in that, for the N single-layer fiber spunbond layers, the total volume of the reflective pores in each layer accounts for the same percentage of the volume of the single-layer fiber spunbond layer Either not exactly the same or not at all.
  • the average particle size of the micro-nano particles is 100-3000nm;
  • the full-spectrum reflective composite material is ejected through a melt-blown die to form a thin stream of melt;
  • the melt stream meets the high-speed hot air flow at the outlet of the melt-blown die head, and the melt stream is drawn and thinned by the high-speed hot air stream, and spun to obtain supermaterial fibers, and the supermaterial fibers It falls evenly on the rolling roller of the receiving device to form a supermaterial spunbond fabric.
  • the full-spectrum reflective mask according to any one of items 21-23, characterized in that the number of turns N of the roller shutter is controlled to obtain the metamaterial spunbond including N single-layer fiber spunbond layers. cloth.
  • the full-spectrum reflective mask according to any one of items 21-24, characterized in that, after the supermaterial spunbond fabric is formed, the method also includes using a hot rolling mill to process the supermaterial spunbond fabric Hot-rolling bonding reinforcement, the hot-rolling temperature of the hot-rolling mill is 30-150°C, and the coiling speed of the hot-rolling mill is 4-60m/min.
  • the skin contact layer is a layer formed by one of spunbond nonwoven fabric, hydrophilic spunbond nonwoven fabric, spunlace nonwoven fabric and super soft spunbond nonwoven fabric;
  • the mask body is also provided with a foldable nose clip
  • the two ends of the mask body are also provided with elastic cords.
  • the outermost full-spectrum reflective layer is formed by a kind of supermaterial spunbonded cloth, and the supermaterial fiber contained in the single-layer fiber spunbond layer of the supermaterial spunbonded cloth consists of a polymer substrate Composites of materials and micro-nano particles are formed.
  • the polymer base material has a high emissivity in the atmospheric window band (8-13 ⁇ m), which can transmit the heat of the object to the low-temperature universe in the form of electromagnetic waves through the infrared window of the atmosphere. Since the micro-nano particles are uniformly distributed inside the polymer base material as a random scattering medium, the average particle size of the micro-nano particles is 100-3000nm, which is similar to the wavelength of solar radiation. Therefore, micro-nano particles with high scattering efficiency for solar radiation can be formed inside the fiber.
  • the structure enhances the reflection characteristics of the metamaterial fiber to the solar radiation band (0.3-2.5 ⁇ m), thereby enhancing the cooling performance of the full-spectrum reflective mask.
  • the reflective pores in the supermaterial spunbonded fabric of the full-spectrum reflective mask of the present application are formed due to the interweaving and superposition of supermaterial fibers, and the total volume of the reflective pores accounts for 10%-90% of the volume of the spunbonded fabric.
  • the reflective pores can also be regarded as a random scattering medium uniformly distributed inside the spunbond fabric. Air has a refractive index of 1 due to the high-emissivity polymer base material having a refractive index between 1.4 and 1.6.
  • the diameter of the reflective pores is 100-3000nm, which is similar to the wavelength of solar radiation, and microstructures with high scattering efficiency for solar radiation can be formed between fibers, In this way, the external optical properties of the fiber can be regulated, and the reflective properties of the metamaterial spunbonded fabric can be enhanced, thereby enhancing the cooling performance of the full-spectrum reflective mask.
  • the metamaterial fibers of this application are interwoven and arranged and the micro-nano particles inside the fibers are randomly arranged to form a spunbonded fabric with metamaterial properties. Based on this photonics design, ultra-broadband optical responses of 0.3-2.5 ⁇ m and 8-13 ⁇ m are produced , so as to realize the guidance and manipulation of solar radiation and human infrared heat radiation, and conduct photothermal regulation for the microenvironment temperature of spunbonded fabric and human skin to achieve efficient thermal management of full-spectrum reflective masks.
  • Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the mouth mask body of the full-spectrum reflective mouth mask of a specific embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a metamaterial spunbonded fabric according to a specific embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a supermaterial fiber according to a specific embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a supermaterial fiber according to another specific embodiment of the present application.
  • Metamaterials refer to a class of artificial materials with special properties. It can effectively control electromagnetic waves through periodic microstructures such as photonic crystals, so as to achieve light confinement along the direction of fiber extension. Its transmission band can be determined according to the structure of the fiber. Design and material selection are regulated.
  • This application uses the principle of metamaterial properties to regulate the microstructure of fibers to form textiles with changing infrared radiation characteristics, so as to realize selective regulation of wide spectrum in infinite external space, which is extremely advantageous in the field of infrared radiation regulation.
  • the application provides a full-spectrum reflective mask, as shown in Figure 1, which includes a mask body, which includes: a full-spectrum reflective layer 1, a filter layer 2 and a skin contact layer 3 that are sequentially stacked from the outside to the inside; Described full-spectrum reflective layer 1 is formed by supermaterial spunbond cloth; As shown in Figure 2, supermaterial spunbond cloth comprises at least one single-layer fiber spunbond layer, and single-layer fiber spunbond layer comprises supermaterial fiber 10, and supermaterial The fibers 10 are interwoven and stacked to form pores.
  • the pores with a diameter of 100-3000nm are reflective pores 30, and the total volume of the reflective pores 30 in the metamaterial spunbonded cloth accounts for 10%-90% of the volume of the supermaterial spunbonded cloth; as shown in the figure
  • the metamaterial fiber 10 is formed by a composite material including a polymer base material 11 and micro-nano particles 12, and the average particle diameter of the micro-nano particles 12 is 100-3000 nm.
  • the full-spectrum reflective mask is composed of: a full-spectrum reflective layer 1 , a filter layer 2 and a skin contact layer 3 .
  • the full-spectrum reflective mask further includes one or two or more other functional layers stacked on the outside of the full-spectrum reflective layer 1 .
  • the full-spectrum reflective mask further includes one or two or more other functional layers stacked between the filter layer 2 and the skin contact layer 3 .
  • the full-spectrum reflective mask further includes one or two or more other functional layers stacked between the full-spectrum reflective layer 1 and the filter layer 2 .
  • the filter layer 2 can be a filter layer with functions such as filtration, anti-haze, and anti-virus, such as a layer formed of melt-blown non-woven fabric, and further a polypropylene melt-blown cloth; specifically
  • the filter layer 2 can be one layer or a multilayer overlapping structure, such as 1 layer, 2 layers, 3 layers, 4 layers, 5 layers, etc. The number of the filter layers 2 can be determined according to actual needs.
  • the melt-blown non-woven fabric has pores and small pores.
  • the physical properties of the pores and pores determine its good solid barrier properties, that is, good filtration performance. If there is an electret treatment to increase the electrostatic performance, it can also increase the filtration effect. .
  • the above characteristics of melt-blown non-woven fabrics make it widely used in medical masks, indoor air conditioner filter materials, filter materials, etc.
  • the skin contact layer 3 is formed by one selected from spunbonded nonwoven fabric, hydrophilic spunbonded nonwoven fabric, spunlace nonwoven fabric and super soft spunbonded nonwoven fabric. layer;
  • hydrophilic spunbonded nonwovens are polyester and polypropylene. Hydrophilic spunbonded nonwovens have strong water absorption, high temperature resistance, low temperature resistance, aging resistance, UV resistance, high elongation, stability and Good air permeability, corrosion resistance, sound insulation, mothproof, non-toxic and other advantages.
  • the supersoft spunbonded nonwoven fabric may be polypropylene spunbonded nonwoven fabric, which is soft, hydrophilic, fine in fiber fineness, soft to the touch, uniform and spot-free, and thick. It is especially suitable for medical and sanitary products such as baby/adult paper pants, masks, sanitary caps, isolation gowns, and shoe covers.
  • the mask body is also provided with a foldable nose clip. By adjusting the nose clip, the antibacterial mask can closely fit the wearer's face.
  • the two ends of the mask body are also provided with elastic cords, through which the elastic cords are hung on the ears of the user to wear the mask.
  • the elastic cords have certain elastic force and can be applied to people of different faces and genders. wear.
  • the polymer base material has a high emissivity in the atmospheric window band (8-13 ⁇ m), and can transmit the heat of the object to the low-temperature universe in the form of electromagnetic waves through the infrared window of the atmosphere. Since the micro-nano particles are uniformly distributed inside the polymer base material as a random scattering medium, the average particle size of the micro-nano particles is 100-3000nm, which is similar to the wavelength of solar radiation. Therefore, micro-nano particles with high scattering efficiency for solar radiation can be formed inside the fiber. The structure enhances the reflective properties of the metamaterial fiber to the solar radiation band (0.3-2.5 ⁇ m).
  • the reflective pores in the supermaterial spunbonded cloth are formed by the interweaving and superposition of supermaterial fibers, the diameter of the reflective pores is 100-3000nm, and the total volume of the reflective pores accounts for 10% of the volume of the supermaterial spunbonded cloth. %-90%, at this time, the reflective pores can also be regarded as a random scattering medium uniformly distributed inside the spunbonded fabric.
  • Air has a refractive index of 1 due to the high-emissivity polymer base material having a refractive index between 1.4 and 1.6.
  • the diameter of the reflective pores is 100-3000nm, which is similar to the wavelength of the spectrum, and microstructures with high scattering efficiency for solar radiation can be formed between the fibers , so that the external optical properties of the fiber can be adjusted to enhance the reflection properties of the metamaterial spunbonded fabric.
  • the metamaterial fibers are interwoven and arranged randomly, and the micro-nano particles inside the fibers are randomly arranged to form a spunbonded fabric with metamaterial characteristics. Based on this photonics design, an ultra-broadband optical response of 0.3-2.5 ⁇ m and 8-13 ⁇ m is produced, thereby realizing Guide and manipulate solar radiation and human infrared thermal radiation, and conduct photothermal regulation on the microenvironment temperature of spunbonded fabric and human skin to achieve efficient thermal management.
  • the single-layer fiber spunbond layer is composed of supermaterial fibers, and the supermaterial fibers are interwoven and laminated to form pores.
  • the metamaterial spunbond fabric includes a single fiber spunbond layer, and the supermaterial fibers are formed from a composite material including a polymer base material and micro-nano particles.
  • the supermaterial spunbond cloth includes two or more single-layer fiber spunbond layers, and the supermaterial in at least one single-layer fiber spunbond layer in the two or more single-layer fiber spunbond layers
  • the fibers are formed from a composite material comprising a polymer base material and micro-nano particles.
  • the thickness of each of the two or more single-layer fibrous spunbond layers may be the same or different.
  • the pores in this application are polygonal pores formed by crossing and stacking three or more full-spectrum reflective fibers, and the diameter of the pores may be the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the polygon. Matching the diameter of the pores with the wavelength of the solar radiation band can enhance the reflective properties of the metamaterial spunbonded fabric, therefore, the diameter of the reflective pores is 100-3000nm.
  • the diameter of the reflective pores can be 200-1000nm, such as 200nm, 210nm, 230nm, 250nm, 300nm, 400nm, 500nm, 600nm, 700nm, 800nm, 900nm, 950nm, 970nm, 990nm, 1000nm, etc. , preferably, the reflective pores have a diameter of 400-700 nm, most preferably 500 nm.
  • the total volume of the reflective pores in the supermaterial spunbonded cloth can be 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, etc.
  • the reflective pores in the metamaterial spunbond The total volume accounts for 50%-85% of the volume of the supermaterial spunbond fabric; specifically, for a supermaterial spunbond fabric that only includes a single-layer fiber spunbond layer, the volume of the reflective pores in the single-layer fiber spunbond layer accounts for more than 50%. 50%-85% of the volume of the material spunbond fabric; for a metamaterial spunbond fabric including more than two single-layer fiber spunbond layers, the sum of the volumes of the reflective pores in each single-layer fiber spunbond layer accounts for 50%-85% of the volume.
  • the total volume of the reflective pores in the supermaterial spunbonded cloth accounts for 50%-85% of the volume of the supermaterial spunbonded cloth;
  • the supermaterial spunbonded cloth includes two single-layer fiber spunbonded layers, That is, the inner single-layer fiber spunbond layer (the bottom single-layer fiber spunbond layer) and the outer single-layer fiber spunbond layer (the top single-layer fiber spunbond layer), wherein the metamaterial in the inner single-layer fiber spunbond layer
  • the fibers are formed from a composite material comprising a polymer base material and micro-nano particles, and in the outer single-layer fiber spunbond layer, the volume of the reflective voids accounts for 50% of the volume of the outer single-layer fiber spunbond layer -85%, such as 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85% etc.;
  • the volume accounts for 5%-20% of the volume of the inner single-layer fiber spunbond layer, such as 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 111%, 12%, 13%, 14%
  • an image can be taken by a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the pores that meet the diameter requirements can be counted from the image, and the volume sum of the reflective pores of each single-layer fiber spunbond layer can be calculated, and then divided by the total volume of the supermaterial spunbond cloth, That is, the ratio of the total volume of reflective pores to the volume of the spunbond fabric.
  • the total volume of the supermaterial spunbond fabric is the sum of the volume of all fibers constituting the supermaterial spunbond fabric and the volume of all pores formed by all fibers.
  • the monofilament diameter of the supermaterial fiber is 2-40 ⁇ m.
  • the monofilament diameter of the supermaterial fiber is 2 ⁇ m, 5 ⁇ m, 8 ⁇ m, 10 ⁇ m, 15 ⁇ m, 20 ⁇ m, 25 ⁇ m, 30 ⁇ m, 35 ⁇ m, 40 ⁇ m wait.
  • the diameter of the pores, the percentage of the total volume of the reflective pores to the volume of the spunbond fabric, and the diameter and length of the metamaterial fibers can be controlled by adjusting the process parameters, and then the parameters are determined according to the specific electron microscope effect.
  • the specific process parameters can refer to the description in the preparation method part.
  • the grammage of the supermaterial spunbonded fabric is 10-40 g/m 2 .
  • the grammage of the supermaterial spunbonded fabric may be 10 g/m 2 , 20 g/m 2 , 30 g/m 2 , 40 g/m 2 and so on.
  • the emissivity of the polymer base material with high emissivity in the atmospheric window band (8-13 ⁇ m) is greater than 85%, such as 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, etc.
  • the micro/nano particles are inorganic micro/nano particles with low absorption rate and high refractive index in the solar radiation band (0.3-2.5 ⁇ m).
  • the low absorption rate of the micro-nano particles requires that the imaginary part of the refractive index (extinction coefficient) ⁇ 10 -4 ; the high refractive index of the micro-nano particles requires the refractive index to be >1.5.
  • the average particle diameter of the micro-nano particles is 400-700nm.
  • the average particle diameter of the micro-nano particles is 400nm, 450nm, 500nm, 550nm, 600nm, 650nm, 700nm, preferably, the diameter of the micro-nano particles 500nm.
  • the average particle diameter of the micro-nano particles refers to the average particle diameter obtained by the electron microscope detection method, specifically the D50 median diameter, for example, the D50 median diameter is obtained by observing 500 particles.
  • the total mass of the micro-nano particles is 5%-40% of the total mass of the polymer base material.
  • the quality of the micro-nano particles in the single-layer fiber spunbond layer is the total amount of the polymer base material in the single-layer fiber spunbond layer. 5%-40% of the mass; for a supermaterial spunbond fabric comprising more than two single-layer fiber spunbond layers, the sum of the quality of micro-nano particles in each single-layer fiber spunbond layer is 5%-40% of the sum of the mass of the polymer base material. For example, it can be 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, etc., preferably 30%-40%.
  • the supermaterial spunbond fabric comprises two single-layer fiber spunbond layers, namely an inner single-layer fiber spunbond layer and an outer single-layer fiber spunbond layer, wherein the inner single-layer fiber spunbond layer
  • the supermaterial fibers in the sticky layer are formed from a composite material comprising a polymer base material and micro-nano particles; 0%-5% of the mass of the polymer base material in the layer, such as 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, etc.; in the inner single-layer fiber spunbond layer,
  • the quality of the micro-nano particles is 5%-40% of the quality of the polymer base material in the inner single-layer fiber spunbond layer, for example, it can be 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30% , 35%, 40%, etc.
  • micro-nano particles can be titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ), zinc sulfide (ZnS), silicon carbide (SiC), silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ), zinc oxide (ZnO), boron nitride (BN), silicon Aluminum oxide (Al 2 SiO 5 ) , barium sulfate (BaSO 4 ), calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ), magnesium oxide (MgO), aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), magnesium carbonate (MgCO3), barium carbonate (BaCO 3 ) Any one or two or more of calcium sulfate (CaSO 4 ).
  • the polymer base material can be polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), fluororesin, polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polychlorinated Vinyl (PVC), Polystyrene (PS), Polyester and Sodium Isophthalate Sulfonate Copolymer, Acrylate Copolymer, Polyethylene Glycol (PEG), Polytrimethylene Terephthalate (PTT ), polyvinylidene chloride resin (PVDC), vinyl acetate resin, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polylactic acid (PLA), polyurethane (PU), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), cycloolefin copolymer (COC) , polycarbonate (PC), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), styrene dimethacrylate copolymer (SMMA), polyoxymethylene (POM), polyphenylene oxide (PPO), poly
  • the difference between the refractive index of the micro-nano particles and the refractive index of the polymer base material is as large as possible.
  • the difference between the refractive index of the polymer base material and the refractive index of the micro-nano particles is greater than 0.6.
  • the selection combination of micro-nano particle and polymer base material has the following ways:
  • the micro-nano particles are any one or two or three of titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ), zinc sulfide (ZnS) and silicon carbide (SiC), and the polymer base material can be polymethyl methacrylate ( PMMA), fluorine resin, polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS), polyester and m- Sodium Phthalate Sulfonate Copolymer, Acrylate Copolymer, Polyethylene Glycol (PEG), Polytrimethylene Terephthalate (PTT), Polyvinylidene Chloride Resin (PVDC), Vinyl Acetate Resin , polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polylactic acid (PLA), polyurethane (PU), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), cycloolefin copolymer (COC), polycarbonate (PC), acrylonitrile-butad
  • the micro-nano particles are silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ), and the polymer base material can be any one of polyester and sodium isophthalate sulfonate copolymer, fluororesin, and acrylate copolymer species or two or more.
  • the micro-nano particles are zinc oxide (ZnO), and the polymer base material may be polyester and sodium isophthalate sulfonate copolymer and/or fluororesin.
  • the micro-nano particles are boron nitride (BN), and the polymer base material can be polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyester and sodium isophthalate sulfonate copolymer, fluororesin, polyurethane (PU), polypropylene (PP), polyvinylidene chloride resin (PVDC), polylactic acid (PLA), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyoxymethylene (POM), polyimide (PI), polyethylene Any one or two or more of alcohol formal, polyphenylene oxide (PPO), polyvinyl acetal, and polyvinyl acetate (PVAC).
  • PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
  • PVDC polyvinylidene chloride resin
  • PLM polyvinylidene chloride resin
  • POM polyoxymethylene
  • PI polyimide
  • the micro-nano particles are aluminum silicate (Al 2 SiO 5 ), and the polymer base material can be polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT) and polystyrene (PS). any one or two or more of them.
  • PAN polyacrylonitrile
  • PTT polytrimethylene terephthalate
  • PS polystyrene
  • the supermaterial spunbond cloth can include N single-layer fiber spunbond layers 10, and N single-layer fiber spunbond layers 10 are perpendicular to the extending direction of the fiber spunbond layer (PQ direction ) stacked setting, N ⁇ 2; the preferred value of N is 5-2500, for example, it can be 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 20, 100, 500, 1000, 2500, etc. Since the upper layer is superimposed by a single-layer fiber spunbond layer, the micro-nano particles are randomly distributed in multiple layers perpendicular to the extension direction of the fiber spunbond layer, so that the sunlight 20 penetrating the upper layer of supermaterial fibers can be absorbed by the micron particles in the lower layer of metamaterial fibers 10.
  • Nanoparticles 11 or reflective pores reflect to enhance the emissivity of infrared radiation and the reflectivity of solar radiation, the emissivity in the mid-infrared band (8-13 ⁇ m) is ⁇ 90%, and in the solar radiation band ( 0.3-2.5 ⁇ m) reflectance ⁇ 90%, to achieve a good full-spectrum reflection effect.
  • the thickness of the supermaterial spunbonded fabric is 0.1-1.5 mm, for example, 0.1 mm, 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm, 1.5 mm, preferably 0.5-1.5 mm, more preferably 0.6 mm.
  • the supermaterial fiber can be a single circular structure, or a skin-core structure; the skin-core structure supermaterial fiber, the core layer is a polymer base material and micro-nano particles, and the skin layer is polymeric Object substrate material;
  • the radius ratio of the core layer and the skin layer is 1:9-9:1, preferably 5:5-9:1, more preferably 8:2;
  • the skin layer wraps the core layer to form a coaxial structure , to reduce the risk of inhalation caused by the shedding of particles on the surface of the single-structure supermaterial fiber.
  • the supermaterial spunbond cloth when the supermaterial spunbond cloth includes two or three or more than four single-layer fiber spunbond layers, from the inner layer to the outer layer, the micro-nano particles of each layer are in the layer
  • the mass fraction in the polymer base material that is, the particle doping concentration in each single-layer fiber spunbond layer
  • the doping concentration of the inorganic micro-nano particles gradually decreases from the inner layer to the outer layer, and the outer layer may be undoped.
  • the volume fraction of the reflective pores in the spunbond layer where it is located also changes in a gradient from the inner layer to the outer layer.
  • the single The volume fraction of the reflective pores of the fiber spunbond layer in the single fiber spunbond layer gradually increases from the inner layer to the outer layer.
  • the non-doped single-layer fiber spunbond layer when the outer layer of the metamaterial spunbond cloth is not doped, includes pores formed by interweaving and superimposing the supermaterial fibers and the supermaterial fibers, and the pores with a diameter of 100-3000 nm are Reflective voids, the total volume of the reflective voids accounts for 10%-90% of the volume of the metamaterial spunbonded layer.
  • the supermaterial fiber is completely composed of polymer base material without doping with micro-nano particles, and the total thickness of the fiber spunbond layer without doping in the outer layer of the supermaterial spunbond cloth is in the range of 30-100 ⁇ m.
  • the absorption of some inorganic micro-nano particles in the ultraviolet band will reduce the reflectivity of the solar radiation band, while the air pores have no absorption effect on the ultraviolet band.
  • the outer layer is an undoped spunbonded layer, it mainly plays a role in reflecting the solar radiation ultraviolet band. (300-400nm), and can enhance the overall mechanical properties of the metamaterial spunbonded fabric.
  • the thickness of the fiber-free spunbond layer needs to be limited. When the thickness is too low ( ⁇ 30 ⁇ m), it cannot play a good ultraviolet reflection effect, and when the thickness is too high (>100 ⁇ m), the visible-near infrared band will be enhanced. (400-2500nm) absorption. Therefore, the thickness of the undoped spunbond layer is preferably 30-100 ⁇ m. Compared with fully doped metamaterial spunbond nonwovens, the tensile strength is improved.
  • the supermaterial spunbonded cloth is made by a preparation method comprising the following steps:
  • Step 1 mixing the polymer base material and micro-nano particles to form a full-spectrum reflective composite material, the average particle size of the micro-nano particles is 100-3000nm;
  • Step 2 Extruding the full-spectrum reflective composite material through a melt-blown die to form a thin stream of melt;
  • Step 3 The melt stream meets the high-speed hot air flow at the outlet of the melt-blown die head, the melt stream is drawn and refined by the high-speed hot air stream, and spun to obtain supermaterial fibers.
  • the supermaterial fibers evenly fall on the roller of the receiving device to form a supermaterial spunbond fabric.
  • the full-spectrum reflective composite material after the full-spectrum reflective composite material is mixed, it can be cooled for use. When necessary, the full-spectrum reflective composite material is heated to form a molten body, and then the operation in step 2 is performed.
  • the polymer base material has a high emissivity in the atmospheric window band (8-13 ⁇ m).
  • the average particle size of the micro-nano particles may be 100-3000 nm.
  • the average particle diameter of the micro-nano particles is 200-1000nm, more preferably 400-700nm. 600nm, 650nm, 700nm, 800nm, 900nm, 950nm, 970nm, 990nm, 1000nm, etc.
  • the average particle size of the micro-nano particles is 500nm.
  • step 2 the melt is filtered through a melt filter, and then quantitatively extruded through a metering pump, and the extruded melt is sprayed out through a melt-blowing die to form a thin stream of melt.
  • the spinning temperature of the melt stream is set with reference to the melting point of the polymer base material.
  • the spinning temperature of the melt stream is 170-300°C.
  • the spinning temperature may be 170°C, 200°C, 220°C, 250°C, 270°C, 300°C, etc.
  • the flow rate of the metering pump is 15-40r/min.
  • the flow rate of the metering pump can be 15r/min, 20r/min, 25r/min, 30r/min, 35r/min , 40r/min, etc., preferably 20-30r/min.
  • step 3 the melt stream meets the high-speed hot air flow at the outlet of the melt blown die head, and the melt stream is drawn and refined by the high-speed hot air stream, and spun
  • the supermaterial fibers are obtained from the filaments, and the supermaterial fibers evenly fall on the rolling roller of the receiving device.
  • the roller rolls quickly for one week the supermaterial fibers falling on the rolling roller form a single-layer fiber spunbond layer.
  • step 3 the melt stream meets the high-speed hot air flow at the outlet of the melt blown die head, and the melt stream is drawn and refined by the high-speed hot air stream, and spun
  • the supermaterial fiber is obtained by silk, and the supermaterial fiber evenly falls on the rolling roller of the receiving device, the number of turns N of the rolling roller is controlled, and the supermaterial comprising N single-layer fiber spunbond layers is obtained by repeated melt blowing. Spunbond.
  • the thermal gas temperature is set with reference to the melting point of the polymeric substrate material.
  • the temperature of the high-speed hot air flow is 160-485°C.
  • the temperature of the high-speed hot air flow can be 160°C, 200°C, 250°C, 300°C, 350°C, 400°C, 450°C, 485°C, etc.
  • the receiving distance is 30-70cm.
  • the receiving distance can be 30cm, 40cm, 50cm, 60cm, 70cm, etc. , wherein, preferably 40-60cm;
  • the winding speed of the roller blind cylinder is 5-45m/min, for example, the winding speed can be 5m/min, 10m/min, 15m/min, 20m/min, 25m/min, 30m/min, 35m/min, 40m/min, 45m/min, etc., among them, preferably 15-35m/min.
  • the supermaterial spunbonded fabric can also be bonded and reinforced by hot rolling, and the hot rolling temperature is set with reference to the glass transition temperature of the polymer base material.
  • the hot rolling temperature of the hot rolling mill is 30-150°C, such as 30°C, 60°C, 90°C, 120°C, 150°C, etc.
  • the coiling speed of the hot rolling mill is 4-60m/min, for example , 4m/min, 10m/min, 15m/min, 20m/min, 25m/min, 30m/min, 35m/min, 40m/min, 45m/min, 50m/min, 55m/min, 60m/min, etc., It is preferably 10-40m/min;
  • the thickness of the supermaterial spunbond fabric after thermal calender bonding is 0.1-1.5mm, for example, 0.1mm, 0.5mm, 1.0mm, 1.5mm, preferably 0.5-1.5mm, more preferably 0.6mm.
  • the fiber polymer in each single-layer fiber spunbond layer is softened and bonded by physical means. After cooling and solidifying, a stable fiber grid structure is formed to maintain the high content of micro-nano particles. The overall mechanical strength of the material spunbond.
  • the outermost full-spectrum reflective layer 1 is formed by a kind of supermaterial spunbond cloth, and the supermaterial spunbond cloth includes at least one single-layer fiber spunbond layer, and the single-layer fiber spunbond layer includes The supermaterial fiber and the pores formed by interweaving and lamination of the supermaterial fiber, the supermaterial fiber includes polymer base material and micro-nano particles, respectively by controlling the diameter of the reflective pore, the total volume of the reflective pore accounts for the total volume of the spunbonded cloth
  • the percentage of volume, the average particle size of micro-nano particles, the doping concentration of micro-nano particles, and the types of micro-nano particles and polymer substrate materials make the mid-infrared (8-13 ⁇ m) emissivity of the full-spectrum reflective mask reach 90%. Above, even can reach 95%, solar radiation (0.3-2.5 ⁇ m) reflectivity can reach more than 87%, even can reach 96%.
  • the emissivity of the full-spectrum reflective mask in the mid-infrared (8-13 ⁇ m) band is tested using a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer in conjunction with an integrating sphere; Reflectance in the solar radiation (0.3-2.5 ⁇ m) band.
  • each raw material name and source are as follows:
  • Titanium dioxide (Xiao Chao Nano, XH-TiO2-500)
  • the mask body of the full-spectrum reflective mask of the present embodiment includes: a full-spectrum reflective layer 1, a filter layer 2, and a skin contact layer 3 that are stacked sequentially from the outside to the inside; the outside is the side in contact with the air, and the inside It is the side that comes into contact with the user's face.
  • the full-spectrum reflective layer 1 is formed by a metamaterial spunbonded cloth, and the specific method is:
  • the composite material After the composite material is dried, it is put into a large screw for melting and extrusion, and the heating temperature is set to 290°C.
  • the extruded melt is filtered through a melt filter, and is quantitatively transported by a metering pump at a speed of 15r/min for spinning and cooling.
  • the supermaterial fibers are obtained by airflow traction and formed into a web on a mesh curtain with a receiving distance of 60cm.
  • the winding speed of the roller curtain roller is 30m/min; the rolling mill is used for hot rolling bonding and reinforcement, and the reflective pore diameter is 0.1-0.2 ⁇ m and a metamaterial spunbonded fabric with a reflective pore volume of 50%, that is, a full-spectrum reflective layer 1 is obtained.
  • the grammage of the full-spectrum reflective layer 1 is 120 g/m 2 .
  • the filter layer 2 is a layer formed of polypropylene melt-blown cloth.
  • the weight of the filter layer 2 is 40g/m 2 .
  • the skin contact layer 3 is a layer formed of polypropylene spunbonded nonwoven fabric.
  • the gram weight of the skin contact layer 3 is 25 g/m 2 .
  • the composite material After the composite material is dried, it is put into a large screw for melting and extrusion, and the heating temperature is set to 210°C.
  • the extruded melt is filtered through a melt filter, and is quantitatively transported by a metering pump at a speed of 15r/min for spinning and cooling.
  • the supermaterial fibers are obtained by airflow traction and formed into a web on a mesh curtain with a receiving distance of 60cm.
  • the winding speed of the roller curtain roller is 30m/min; the rolling mill is used for hot rolling bonding and reinforcement, and the reflective pore diameter is 0.1-0.2 ⁇ m, 50% reflective pore volume metamaterial spunbond.
  • the composite material After the composite material is dried, it is put into a large screw for melting and extrusion, and the heating temperature is set to 210°C.
  • the extruded melt is filtered through a melt filter, and is quantitatively transported by a metering pump at a speed of 40r/min for spinning and cooling.
  • the supermaterial fibers are drawn by airflow and formed into a web on a mesh curtain with a receiving distance of 60cm, and the winding speed of the roller curtain is 30m/min; hot-rolled and bonded by a rolling mill to obtain a reflective pore with a diameter of 1-3 ⁇ m , A metamaterial spunbond fabric with a reflective pore volume of 50%.
  • the composite material After the composite material is dried, it is put into a large screw for melting and extrusion, and the heating temperature is set to 210°C.
  • the extruded melt is filtered through a melt filter, and is quantitatively transported by a metering pump at a speed of 15r/min for spinning and cooling.
  • the supermaterial fibers are drawn by airflow and formed into a web on a mesh curtain with a receiving distance of 60cm, and the winding speed of the roller curtain is 30m/min; hot-rolled and bonded by a rolling mill to obtain a reflective pore with a diameter of 1-3 ⁇ m , A metamaterial spunbond fabric with a reflective pore volume of 50%.
  • the composite material After the composite material is dried, it is put into a large screw for melting and extrusion, and the heating temperature is set to 210°C.
  • the extruded melt is filtered through a melt filter, and is quantitatively transported by a metering pump at a speed of 30r/min for spinning and cooling.
  • the supermaterial fibers are drawn by air flow and formed into a web on a mesh curtain with a receiving distance of 40cm, and the winding speed of the roller curtain is 30m/min; hot-rolled bonding and reinforcement are carried out by a rolling mill to obtain a reflective pore with a diameter of 0.4-0.7 ⁇ m, 50% reflective pore volume metamaterial spunbond.
  • the composite material After the composite material is dried, it is put into a large screw for melting and extrusion, and the heating temperature is set to 210°C.
  • the extruded melt is filtered through a melt filter, and is quantitatively transported by a metering pump at a speed of 30r/min for spinning and cooling.
  • the supermaterial fibers are obtained by airflow traction and formed into a net on a mesh curtain with a receiving distance of 45cm, and the winding speed of the roller curtain is 25m/min; the rolling mill is used for hot-rolling bonding and reinforcement, and the reflective pore diameter is 0.3-0.9 ⁇ m, 50% reflective pore volume metamaterial spunbond.
  • the composite material After the composite material is dried, it is put into a large screw for melting and extrusion, and the heating temperature is set to 210°C.
  • the extruded melt is filtered through a melt filter, and is quantitatively transported by a metering pump at a speed of 30r/min for spinning and cooling.
  • the supermaterial fibers are drawn by airflow and formed into a web on a mesh curtain with a receiving distance of 40cm, and the winding speed of the roller curtain is 15m/min; the rolling mill is used for hot rolling bonding and reinforcement, and the reflection pore diameter is 0.4-0.7 ⁇ m, 85% reflective pore volume metamaterial spunbond.
  • the composite material After the composite material is dried, it is put into a large screw for melting and extrusion, and the heating temperature is set to 210°C.
  • the extruded melt is filtered through a melt filter, and is quantitatively transported by a metering pump at a speed of 30r/min for spinning and cooling.
  • the supermaterial fibers are drawn by air flow and formed into a web on a mesh curtain with a receiving distance of 40cm, and the winding speed of the roller curtain is 30m/min; hot-rolled bonding and reinforcement are carried out by a rolling mill to obtain a reflective pore with a diameter of 0.4-0.7 ⁇ m, 50% reflective pore volume metamaterial spunbond.
  • the composite material After the composite material is dried, it is put into a large screw for melting and extrusion, and the heating temperature is set to 210°C.
  • the extruded melt is filtered through a melt filter, and is quantitatively transported by a metering pump at a speed of 30r/min for spinning and cooling.
  • the supermaterial fibers are drawn by air flow and formed into a web on a mesh curtain with a receiving distance of 40cm, and the winding speed of the roller curtain is 30m/min; hot-rolled bonding and reinforcement are carried out by a rolling mill to obtain a reflective pore with a diameter of 0.4-0.7 ⁇ m, 50% reflective pore volume metamaterial spunbond.
  • the composite material After the composite material is dried, it is put into a large screw for melting and extrusion, and the heating temperature is set to 210°C.
  • the extruded melt is filtered through a melt filter, and is quantitatively transported by a metering pump at a speed of 30r/min for spinning and cooling.
  • the supermaterial fibers are drawn by air flow and formed into a web on a mesh curtain with a receiving distance of 40cm, and the winding speed of the roller curtain is 30m/min; hot-rolled bonding and reinforcement are carried out by a rolling mill to obtain a reflective pore with a diameter of 0.4-0.7 ⁇ m, 50% reflective pore volume metamaterial spunbond.
  • the composite material After the composite material is dried, it is put into a large screw for melting and extrusion, and the heating temperature is set to 210°C.
  • the extruded melt is filtered through a melt filter, and is quantitatively transported by a metering pump at a speed of 30r/min for spinning and cooling.
  • Airflow traction get 40% inorganic micro-nano particles doped supermaterial fibers and form a web on a mesh curtain with a receiving distance of 40cm, and the winding speed of the roller is 40m/min; then replace the raw material with PLA particles, The same mesh curtain is spun into a net, and the winding speed of the roller is 15m/min; the rolling mill is used for hot rolling bonding and reinforcement, and the reflective pore diameter is 0.4-0.7 ⁇ m, and the bottom reflective pore volume is 15%.
  • the heating temperature is set at 220°C.
  • the rotation speed of min is quantitatively conveyed and spun, and after cooling, airflow traction is carried out to obtain 40% inorganic micro-nano particle-doped supermaterial fibers and form a web on a mesh curtain with a receiving distance of 40cm.
  • the winding speed of the roller curtain drum is 40m/ min; then replace the raw material with a full-spectrum reflective composite material with an inorganic micro-nano particle doping amount of 5%, and spin it into a web on the same screen curtain, and the winding speed of the roller screen drum is 15m/min; Hot-rolled and bonded reinforcement, the reflective pore diameter is 0.4-0.7 ⁇ m, the bottom reflective pore volume is 15%, the bottom inorganic micro-nano particles doping amount is 40%, the top reflective pore volume is 85%, the top inorganic micro-nano particles Metamaterial spunbond with 5% doping.
  • Example 3 Dry the full-spectrum reflective composite material in Example 3 and put it into a large screw to melt and extrude it. Set the heating temperature to 210°C. The extruded melt is filtered through a melt filter and quantified by a metering pump at a speed of 15r/min.
  • Example 5 Dry the full-spectrum reflective composite material in Example 5 and put it into a large screw to melt and extrude it. Set the heating temperature to 210°C. The extruded melt is filtered through a melt filter and quantified by a metering pump at a speed of 30r/min.
  • Example 6 Dry the full-spectrum reflective composite material of Example 6 and put it into a large screw to melt and extrude it. Set the heating temperature to 210°C. The extruded melt is filtered through a melt filter and quantified by a metering pump at a speed of 30r/min.
  • Example 5 Dry the full-spectrum reflective composite material in Example 5 and put it into a large screw to melt and extrude it. Set the heating temperature to 210°C. The extruded melt is filtered through a melt filter and quantified by a metering pump at a speed of 30r/min.
  • Example 6 Dry the full-spectrum reflective composite material of Example 6 and put it into a large screw to melt and extrude it. Set the heating temperature to 210°C. The extruded melt is filtered through a melt filter and quantified by a metering pump at a speed of 30r/min.
  • Example 6 Dry the full-spectrum reflective composite material of Example 6 and put it into a large screw to melt and extrude it. Set the heating temperature to 210°C. The extruded melt is filtered through a melt filter and quantified by a metering pump at a speed of 30r/min.
  • the composite material After the composite material is dried, it is put into a large screw for melting and extrusion, and the heating temperature is set to 210°C.
  • the extruded melt is filtered through a melt filter, and is quantitatively transported by a metering pump at a speed of 30r/min for spinning and cooling.
  • the supermaterial fiber is drawn by airflow and formed into a web on a mesh curtain with a receiving distance of 40cm, and the winding speed of the roller curtain is 45m/min; the rolling mill is used for hot rolling bonding and reinforcement, and the reflection pore diameter is 0.4-0.7 ⁇ m, 10% reflective pore volume metamaterial spunbond.
  • the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 5 lies in that the doping mass fraction of micro-nano particles is 20%.
  • Embodiment 5 lies in that the diameter of the reflective aperture is 0.3-0.9 ⁇ m.
  • the diameter of the reflective aperture is 0.1-1 ⁇ m.
  • Example 12 The difference between this example and Example 12 is that the polymer base material is PLA, and in the top single-layer fiber spunbond layer, the mass of micro-nano particles is 40% of the mass of the polymer base material of this layer.
  • the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 24 is that the mass of the micro-nano particles in each layer is 5% of the mass of the polymer base material of the layer.
  • the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 24 is that the mass of the micro-nano particles in each layer is 10% of the mass of the polymer base material of the layer.
  • Example 24 The difference between this embodiment and Example 24 is that in the top single-layer fiber spunbond layer, the volume of reflective pores accounts for 50% of the volume of the top single-layer fiber spunbond layer, and does not contain micro-nano particles; In the sticky layer, the volume of reflective pores accounts for 50% of the volume of the layer, and the mass of micro-nano particles accounts for 5% of the mass of the polymer base material in the layer.
  • Example 11 The difference between this embodiment and Example 11 is that the volume of the reflection voids in the top single-layer fiber spunbond layer accounts for 20% of the volume of the top single-layer fiber spunbond layer, and the reflection voids in the bottom single-layer fiber spunbond layer accounted for 20% of the volume of the layer.
  • Example 11 The difference between this embodiment and Example 11 is that the volume of the reflective voids in the top single-layer fiber spunbond layer accounts for 40% of the volume of the top single-layer fiber spunbond layer, and the reflective voids in the bottom single-layer fiber spunbond layer accounted for 60% of the volume of the layer.
  • the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 12 lies in that the diameters of the reflective pores in each layer are all 0.3-0.9 ⁇ m.
  • the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 12 is that the average particle size of the micro-nano particles in each layer is 0.1 ⁇ m.
  • the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 12 is that the average particle size of the micro-nano particles in each layer is 3 ⁇ m.
  • Table 1 is the infrared emissivity and reflectance measurement results of the full-spectrum reflective masks of each embodiment and comparative examples.
  • comparative example 1 is a common mask sample (WELLDAY Wei De Medical Medical Surgical Mask), the polymer matrix material of the spunbond fabric is polypropylene, no micro-nano particles are added, and the proportion of reflective pores with a diameter of 100nm-3000nm ⁇ 10%.

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Abstract

A full-spectrum reflective face mask, comprising a face mask body. The face mask body comprises: a full-spectrum reflective layer (1), a filter layer (2) and a skin contact layer (3) which are sequentially arranged in a stacked manner from outside to inside. The full-spectrum reflective layer (1) is formed of a metamaterial spunbond fabric. The metamaterial spunbond fabric comprises at least one single-layer fiber spunbond layer. The single-layer fiber spunbond layer comprises metamaterial fibers (10), and the metamaterial fibers (10) are interwoven and overlapped to form pores, wherein among the pores, the pores having a diameter of 100-3000 nm are reflective pores (30), the total volume of the reflective pores (30) accounts for 10%-90% of the volume of the spunbond fabric. The metamaterial fibers (10) are formed of a composite material including a polymer base material (11) and micro-nano particles (12), with the average particle size of the micro-nano particles (12) being 100-3000 nm. The full-spectrum reflective face mask can guide and manipulate solar radiation and human infrared heat radiation, and can perform photo-thermal regulation and control on the microenvironment temperature between the spunbond fabric and human skin, so as to achieve high-efficiency thermal management.

Description

一种全光谱反射口罩A full-spectrum reflective mask 技术领域technical field
本申请涉及卫生防护用品技术领域，特别涉及一种全光谱反射口罩。The present application relates to the technical field of health protection products, in particular to a full-spectrum reflective mask.
背景技术Background technique
口罩是一种卫生用品，一般指戴在口鼻部位用于过滤进入口鼻的空气，以达到阻挡有害的气体、气味、飞沫进出佩戴者口鼻的用具，以纱布或纸等制成。口罩对进入肺部的空气有一定的过滤作用，在呼吸道传染病流行时，在粉尘等污染的环境中作业时，戴口罩具有非常好的作用。A mask is a sanitary product, generally refers to a device worn on the mouth and nose to filter the air entering the mouth and nose to block harmful gases, odors, and droplets from entering and exiting the wearer's mouth and nose, made of gauze or paper. Masks have a certain filtering effect on the air entering the lungs. When respiratory infectious diseases are prevalent, wearing a mask has a very good effect when working in a polluted environment such as dust.
为了达到良好的过滤效果，口罩均为多层设置，一般的口罩包括底罩层、过滤层、面罩层，因此口罩在佩戴时，会产生闷热感，尤其是在夏天或在高温高湿的环境中使用时，容易呼吸不畅、闷热出汗，面部温度较高。现有技术中采用的技术手段为增设呼吸阀，方便呼出的废气排出，减轻闷热感，保证呼吸顺畅，但是并不能从根本解决佩戴口罩后的出汗，佩戴口罩导致的面部温度较高的问题；现有技术中采用的技术手段还包括开设出气孔来减轻闷热，保证呼吸顺畅，但容易导致口罩的过滤性差，也没法有效的降低温度。因此，急需一款能有效降低温度的口罩，降低佩戴者佩戴后面部的温度，保持凉爽感，适合夏天佩戴，适合在高温高湿的工作环境中佩戴。In order to achieve a good filtering effect, the masks are multi-layered. A general mask includes a bottom cover layer, a filter layer, and a mask layer. Therefore, when the mask is worn, it will feel stuffy, especially in summer or in a high-temperature and high-humidity environment. When using it in the middle of the day, it is easy to have shortness of breath, hot and sweaty, and the face temperature is high. The technical means used in the prior art is to add a breathing valve to facilitate the discharge of exhaled exhaust gas, reduce the feeling of stuffiness, and ensure smooth breathing, but it cannot fundamentally solve the problem of sweating after wearing a mask and the high temperature of the face caused by wearing a mask The technical means adopted in the prior art also includes offering air vents to alleviate sultry heat and ensure smooth breathing, but it is easy to cause poor filterability of the mouth mask, and there is no way to effectively reduce the temperature. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a mask that can effectively reduce the temperature, reduce the temperature of the wearer's face after wearing it, and keep a cool feeling. It is suitable for wearing in summer, and is suitable for wearing in a high-temperature and high-humidity working environment.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了解决上述问题，本申请提供了一种全光谱反射口罩，通过在最外侧设置由一种超材料纺粘布形成的全光谱反射层，并控制超材料纺粘布纤维内部微结构以及纤维间微结构，实现全光谱反射层对电磁波的有效调控，同时实现全光谱反射层对整个太阳光波段的全反射效果，实现全光谱反射口罩的防护降温功能。In order to solve the above problems, the application provides a full-spectrum reflective mask, by setting a full-spectrum reflective layer formed by a metamaterial spunbonded cloth on the outermost side, and controlling the internal microstructure of the supermaterial spunbonded cloth fiber and the interfiber The microstructure realizes the effective control of the electromagnetic wave by the full-spectrum reflective layer, and at the same time realizes the total reflection effect of the full-spectrum reflective layer on the entire sunlight band, and realizes the protection and cooling function of the full-spectrum reflective mask.
本申请的具体技术方案如下：The concrete technical scheme of this application is as follows:
1、一种全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，其包括口罩本体，所述口罩本体包括：从外侧到内侧依次层叠设置的全光谱反射层、过滤层和皮肤接触层；所述 全光谱反射层由超材料纺粘布形成；1. A full-spectrum reflective mask, characterized in that it includes a mask body, and the mask body includes: a full-spectrum reflective layer, a filter layer and a skin contact layer that are sequentially stacked from the outside to the inside; the full-spectrum reflective layer Formed from metamaterial spunbond;
所述超材料纺粘布包括至少一个单层纤维纺粘层，所述单层纤维纺粘层包括超材料纤维，所述超材料纤维交织叠合形成孔隙；The supermaterial spunbond cloth includes at least one single-layer fiber spunbond layer, the single-layer fiber spunbond layer includes supermaterial fibers, and the supermaterial fibers are interwoven and laminated to form pores;
其中，所述孔隙中，直径为100-3000nm的孔隙为反射孔隙，所述反射孔隙的总体积占所述超材料纺粘布体积的10％-90％；Wherein, among the pores, pores with a diameter of 100-3000 nm are reflective pores, and the total volume of the reflective pores accounts for 10%-90% of the volume of the metamaterial spunbonded fabric;
所述超材料纤维由包括聚合物基底材料和微纳颗粒的复合材料形成，所述微纳颗粒的平均粒径为100-3000nm。The metamaterial fiber is formed of a composite material including a polymer base material and micro-nano particles, and the average particle diameter of the micro-nano particles is 100-3000 nm.
2、根据项1所述的全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，所述超材料纺粘布包括一个单层纤维纺粘层，所述超材料纤维由包括聚合物基底材料和微纳颗粒的复合材料形成。2. The full-spectrum reflective mask according to item 1, wherein the supermaterial spunbond cloth includes a single-layer fiber spunbond layer, and the supermaterial fiber is composed of a composite material comprising a polymer base material and micro-nano particles. material formed.
3、根据项1所述的全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，所述超材料纺粘布包括两个以上单层纤维纺粘层，所述两个以上单层纤维纺粘层中的至少一个单层纤维纺粘层中的超材料纤维由包括聚合物基底材料和微纳颗粒的复合材料形成。3. The full-spectrum reflective mask according to item 1, wherein the metamaterial spunbond fabric comprises two or more single-layer fiber spunbond layers, at least one of the two or more single-layer fiber spunbond layers The metamaterial fibers in the single fiber spunbond layer are formed from a composite material comprising a polymeric base material and micro-nano particles.
4、根据项1-3中任一项所述的全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，所述孔隙中，直径为100-1000nm的孔隙为反射孔隙，所述反射孔隙的总体积占所述超材料纺粘布体积的10％-90％；4. According to the full-spectrum reflective mask described in any one of items 1-3, it is characterized in that, among the pores, pores with a diameter of 100-1000nm are reflective pores, and the total volume of the reflective pores accounts for 10% of the total volume of the ultra-thin pores. 10%-90% of the volume of the material spunbonded cloth;
5、根据项1-4中任一项所述的全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，所述孔隙中，直径为300-900nm的孔隙为反射孔隙，所述反射孔隙的总体积占所述超材料纺粘布体积的10％-90％；5. According to the full-spectrum reflective mask described in any one of items 1-4, it is characterized in that, among the pores, pores with a diameter of 300-900nm are reflective pores, and the total volume of the reflective pores accounts for more than 100% of the total volume of the pores. 10%-90% of the volume of the material spunbonded cloth;
6、根据项1-4中任一项所述的全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，所述孔隙中，直径为400-700nm的孔隙为反射孔隙，所述反射孔隙的总体积占所述超材料纺粘布体积的10％-90％。6. According to the full-spectrum reflective mask described in any one of items 1-4, it is characterized in that, among the pores, pores with a diameter of 400-700nm are reflective pores, and the total volume of the reflective pores accounts for more than 100% of the total volume of the pores. Material 10%-90% of the volume of spunbond.
7、根据项1-6中任一项所述的全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，所述反射孔隙的总体积占所述超材料纺粘布体积的50％-85％。7. The full-spectrum reflective mask according to any one of items 1-6, wherein the total volume of the reflective pores accounts for 50%-85% of the volume of the metamaterial spunbonded fabric.
8、根据项1-7中任一项所述的全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，所述超材料纤维的单丝直径为2-40μm，所述纺粘布的克重为10-40g/m 2。 8. The full-spectrum reflective mask according to any one of items 1-7, wherein the monofilament diameter of the supermaterial fiber is 2-40 μm, and the grammage of the spunbonded cloth is 10-40 g/ m 2 .
9、根据项1-8中任一项所述的全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，所述微纳颗粒的平均粒径为400-700nm。9. The full-spectrum reflective mask according to any one of items 1-8, wherein the average particle diameter of the micro-nano particles is 400-700nm.
10、根据项1-9中任一项所述的全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，所述微纳颗粒在太阳辐射波段的折射率高于所述聚合物基底材料在太阳辐射波段的折射率。10. The full-spectrum reflective mask according to any one of items 1-9, wherein the refractive index of the micro-nano particles in the solar radiation band is higher than the refractive index of the polymer base material in the solar radiation band .
11、根据项1-10中任一项所述的全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，所述微纳 颗粒选自二氧化钛(TiO 2)、硫化锌(ZnS)、碳化硅(SiC)、氮化硅(Si 3N 4)、氧化锌(ZnO)、氮化硼(BN)、硅酸铝(Al 2SiO 5)、硫酸钡(BaSO 4)、碳酸钙(CaCO 3)、氧化镁(MgO)、氧化铝(Al 2O 3)、碳酸镁(MgCO 3)、碳酸钡(BaCO 3)和硫酸钙(CaSO 4)中的任意一种或两种以上。 11. The full-spectrum reflective mask according to any one of items 1-10, wherein the micro-nano particles are selected from titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ), zinc sulfide (ZnS), silicon carbide (SiC), nitride Silicon (Si 3 N 4 ), Zinc Oxide (ZnO), Boron Nitride (BN), Aluminum Silicate (Al 2 SiO 5 ) , Barium Sulfate (BaSO 4 ), Calcium Carbonate (CaCO 3 ), Magnesium Oxide (MgO) Any one or two or more of aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), magnesium carbonate (MgCO 3 ), barium carbonate (BaCO 3 ) and calcium sulfate (CaSO 4 ).
12、根据项1-11中任一项所述的全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，所述聚合物基底材料包括含有C-F、C＝O、-CH 3、-CH、C–O和C–C官能团中任意一种或两种以上的有机高分子材料。 12. The full-spectrum reflective mask according to any one of items 1-11, wherein the polymer base material includes CF, C=O, -CH 3 , -CH, C—O and C— Any one or two or more organic polymer materials in C functional groups.
13、根据项1-12中任一项所述的全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，所述聚合物基底材料选自聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)、氟树脂、聚丙烯(PP)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)、聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)、聚苯乙烯(PS)、聚酯和间苯二甲酸酯磺酸钠共聚物、丙烯酸酯共聚物、聚乙二醇(PEG)、聚对苯二甲酸丙二酯(PTT)、聚偏二氯乙烯树脂(PVDC)、醋酸乙烯酯树脂、聚乙烯醇(PVA)、聚乳酸(PLA)、聚氨酯(PU)、聚丙烯腈(PAN)、环烯烃类共聚物(COC)、聚碳酸酯(PC)、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)、苯乙烯二甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物(SMMA)、聚甲醛(POM)、聚苯醚(PPO)、聚酰亚胺(PI)、醋酸乙烯酯树脂、聚乙烯醇缩甲醛、聚醋酸乙烯酯(PVAC)和聚乙烯醇缩乙醛中的任意一种或两种以上。13. The full-spectrum reflective mask according to any one of items 1-12, wherein the polymer base material is selected from polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), fluororesin, polypropylene (PP), Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS), polyester and sodium isophthalate sulfonate copolymer, acrylic Ester copolymer, polyethylene glycol (PEG), polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT), polyvinylidene chloride resin (PVDC), vinyl acetate resin, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polylactic acid (PLA ), polyurethane (PU), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), cycloolefin copolymer (COC), polycarbonate (PC), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), styrene dimethacrylate Ester copolymer (SMMA), polyoxymethylene (POM), polyphenylene oxide (PPO), polyimide (PI), vinyl acetate resin, polyvinyl formal, polyvinyl acetate (PVAC) and polyvinyl alcohol Any one or two or more of acetals.
14、根据项1-13中任一项所述的全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，所述聚合物基底材料的折射率与所述微纳颗粒的折射率之差大于0.6。14. The full-spectrum reflective mask according to any one of items 1-13, characterized in that the difference between the refractive index of the polymer base material and the refractive index of the micro-nano particles is greater than 0.6.
15、根据项3-14中任一项所述的全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，所述超材料纺粘布包括两个以上单层纤维纺粘层，所述两个以上单层纤维纺粘层中的至少一个单层纤维纺粘层中的超材料纤维由聚合物基底材料组成。15. The full-spectrum reflective mask according to any one of items 3-14, wherein the metamaterial spunbond fabric includes more than two single-layer fiber spunbond layers, and the more than two single-layer fiber spunbond layers At least one single layer of fibers in the bond layer The metamaterial fibers in the spunbond layer consist of a polymeric base material.
16、根据项1-15中任一项所述的全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，所述微纳颗粒的质量为所述聚合物基底材料的质量的5％-40％。16. The full-spectrum reflective mask according to any one of items 1-15, characterized in that the mass of the micro-nano particles is 5%-40% of the mass of the polymer base material.
17、根据项1-16中任一项所述的全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，所述超材料纺粘布包括N个所述单层纤维纺粘层，N个所述单层纤维纺粘层层叠设置，N≥2；17. The full-spectrum reflective mask according to any one of items 1-16, wherein the metamaterial spunbond fabric includes N single-layer fiber spunbond layers, and N single-layer fiber spunbond layers. Adhesive layer stacking setting, N≥2;
优选地，N为5-2500。Preferably, N is 5-2500.
18、根据项1-17中任一项所述的全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，所述超材料纺粘布的厚度为0.1-1.5mm。18. The full-spectrum reflective mask according to any one of items 1-17, characterized in that the thickness of the metamaterial spunbonded fabric is 0.1-1.5 mm.
19、根据项17所述的全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，N个所述单层纤维纺粘层，各层中的微纳颗粒的质量占所述层中的聚合物基底材料的质量的百分比 相同或不完全相同或完全不相同；19. The full-spectrum reflective mask according to item 17, characterized in that, for N single-layer fiber spunbond layers, the quality of the micro-nano particles in each layer accounts for 10% of the quality of the polymer base material in the layer The percentages are the same or not exactly the same or not at all;
20、根据项17所述的全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，N个所述单层纤维纺粘层，各层中的反射孔隙的总体积占所述单层纤维纺粘层体积的百分比相同或不完全相同或完全不相同。20. The full-spectrum reflective mask according to item 17, characterized in that, for the N single-layer fiber spunbond layers, the total volume of the reflective pores in each layer accounts for the same percentage of the volume of the single-layer fiber spunbond layer Either not exactly the same or not at all.
21、根据项1-20中任一项所述的全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，所述超材料纺粘布由包括下述步骤的制备方法制得：21. The full-spectrum reflective mask according to any one of items 1-20, wherein the supermaterial spunbonded fabric is prepared by a preparation method comprising the following steps:
将聚合物基底材料和微纳颗粒混合形成全光谱反射复合材料，所述微纳颗粒的平均粒径为100-3000nm；Mixing the polymer base material and micro-nano particles to form a full-spectrum reflective composite material, the average particle size of the micro-nano particles is 100-3000nm;
将所述全光谱反射复合材料通过熔喷模头喷出形成熔体细流；The full-spectrum reflective composite material is ejected through a melt-blown die to form a thin stream of melt;
所述熔体细流在所述熔喷模头出口处与高速热气流相遇，所述熔体细流经所述高速热气流牵伸细化，纺丝得到超材料纤维，所述超材料纤维均匀落在接收装置的卷帘滚筒上形成超材料纺粘布。The melt stream meets the high-speed hot air flow at the outlet of the melt-blown die head, and the melt stream is drawn and thinned by the high-speed hot air stream, and spun to obtain supermaterial fibers, and the supermaterial fibers It falls evenly on the rolling roller of the receiving device to form a supermaterial spunbond fabric.
22、根据项21所述的全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，所述熔体细流的纺丝温度为170-300℃，高速热气流温度为160-485℃。22. The full-spectrum reflective mask according to item 21, characterized in that the spinning temperature of the melt stream is 170-300°C, and the temperature of the high-speed hot air flow is 160-485°C.
23、根据项21或22所述的全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，接收距离为30-70cm，所述卷帘滚筒的卷绕速度为5-45m/min。23. The full-spectrum reflective mask according to item 21 or 22, characterized in that the receiving distance is 30-70cm, and the winding speed of the roller is 5-45m/min.
24、根据项21-23中任一项所述的全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，控制卷帘滚筒的圈数N，以获得包括N个单层纤维纺粘层的所述超材料纺粘布。24. The full-spectrum reflective mask according to any one of items 21-23, characterized in that the number of turns N of the roller shutter is controlled to obtain the metamaterial spunbond including N single-layer fiber spunbond layers. cloth.
25、根据项21-24中任一项所述的全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，在形成超材料纺粘布后，所述方法还包括使用热轧机对所述超材料纺粘布进行热轧粘合加固，热轧机的热轧温度为30-150℃，热轧机的卷绕速度为4-60m/min。25. The full-spectrum reflective mask according to any one of items 21-24, characterized in that, after the supermaterial spunbond fabric is formed, the method also includes using a hot rolling mill to process the supermaterial spunbond fabric Hot-rolling bonding reinforcement, the hot-rolling temperature of the hot-rolling mill is 30-150°C, and the coiling speed of the hot-rolling mill is 4-60m/min.
26、根据项21-25中任一项所述的全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，所述过滤层为熔喷无纺布形成的层；26. The full-spectrum reflective mask according to any one of items 21-25, wherein the filter layer is a layer formed of melt-blown non-woven fabric;
所述皮肤接触层为由选自纺粘无纺布、亲水纺粘无纺布、水刺无纺布、超柔纺粘无纺布中的一种形成的层；The skin contact layer is a layer formed by one of spunbond nonwoven fabric, hydrophilic spunbond nonwoven fabric, spunlace nonwoven fabric and super soft spunbond nonwoven fabric;
所述口罩本体上还设置有可折叠的鼻夹；The mask body is also provided with a foldable nose clip;
所述口罩本体的两端还设置有弹性绳。The two ends of the mask body are also provided with elastic cords.
发明的效果The effect of the invention
本申请的全光谱反射口罩，最外侧的全光谱反射层由一种超材料纺粘布形成，所述超材料纺粘布的单层纤维纺粘层中含有的超材料纤维由包括聚合物基 底材料和微纳颗粒的复合材料形成。聚合物基底材料在大气窗口波段(8-13μm)具有高发射率，可以将物体热量经由大气的红外窗口，以电磁波方式传送到低温的宇宙中。由于微纳颗粒作为随机散射介质均匀分布于聚合物基底材料内部，微纳颗粒的平均粒径为100-3000nm，与太阳辐射波长相似，因此，可以在纤维内部形成对太阳辐射具有高散射效率微结构，增强超材料纤维对太阳辐射波段(0.3-2.5μm)的反射特性，从而增强全光谱反射口罩的降温性能。In the full-spectrum reflective mask of the present application, the outermost full-spectrum reflective layer is formed by a kind of supermaterial spunbonded cloth, and the supermaterial fiber contained in the single-layer fiber spunbond layer of the supermaterial spunbonded cloth consists of a polymer substrate Composites of materials and micro-nano particles are formed. The polymer base material has a high emissivity in the atmospheric window band (8-13μm), which can transmit the heat of the object to the low-temperature universe in the form of electromagnetic waves through the infrared window of the atmosphere. Since the micro-nano particles are uniformly distributed inside the polymer base material as a random scattering medium, the average particle size of the micro-nano particles is 100-3000nm, which is similar to the wavelength of solar radiation. Therefore, micro-nano particles with high scattering efficiency for solar radiation can be formed inside the fiber. The structure enhances the reflection characteristics of the metamaterial fiber to the solar radiation band (0.3-2.5μm), thereby enhancing the cooling performance of the full-spectrum reflective mask.
同时，本申请的全光谱反射口罩的超材料纺粘布中的反射孔隙是由于超材料纤维的交织叠合形成，反射孔隙的总体积占纺粘布体积的10％-90％，此时，也可以将反射孔隙看作随机散射介质均匀分布于纺粘布内部。由于高发射率的聚合物基底材料的折射率在1.4-1.6之间，空气的折射率为1。因此，聚合物基底材料与空气之间存在较大的折射率差，且反射孔隙的直径为100-3000nm，与太阳辐射波长相似，可以在纤维之间形成对太阳辐射具有高散射效率微结构，从而可以对纤维外部光学特性进行调控，增强超材料纺粘布的反射特性，从而增强全光谱反射口罩的降温性能。Simultaneously, the reflective pores in the supermaterial spunbonded fabric of the full-spectrum reflective mask of the present application are formed due to the interweaving and superposition of supermaterial fibers, and the total volume of the reflective pores accounts for 10%-90% of the volume of the spunbonded fabric. At this time, The reflective pores can also be regarded as a random scattering medium uniformly distributed inside the spunbond fabric. Air has a refractive index of 1 due to the high-emissivity polymer base material having a refractive index between 1.4 and 1.6. Therefore, there is a large refractive index difference between the polymer base material and air, and the diameter of the reflective pores is 100-3000nm, which is similar to the wavelength of solar radiation, and microstructures with high scattering efficiency for solar radiation can be formed between fibers, In this way, the external optical properties of the fiber can be regulated, and the reflective properties of the metamaterial spunbonded fabric can be enhanced, thereby enhancing the cooling performance of the full-spectrum reflective mask.
本申请的超材料纤维相互交织排布且纤维内部微纳颗粒随机排布，构成具有超材料特性的纺粘布，基于此光子学设计从而产生0.3-2.5μm以及8-13μm的超宽带光学响应，从而实现对太阳辐射和人体红外热辐射的引导和操纵，针对纺粘布与人体皮肤的微环境温度进行光热调控从而实现全光谱反射口罩的高效热管理。The metamaterial fibers of this application are interwoven and arranged and the micro-nano particles inside the fibers are randomly arranged to form a spunbonded fabric with metamaterial properties. Based on this photonics design, ultra-broadband optical responses of 0.3-2.5 μm and 8-13 μm are produced , so as to realize the guidance and manipulation of solar radiation and human infrared heat radiation, and conduct photothermal regulation for the microenvironment temperature of spunbonded fabric and human skin to achieve efficient thermal management of full-spectrum reflective masks.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本申请一个具体实施方式的全光谱反射口罩的口罩本体的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the mouth mask body of the full-spectrum reflective mouth mask of a specific embodiment of the present application.
图2是本申请一个具体实施方式的超材料纺粘布的结构示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a metamaterial spunbonded fabric according to a specific embodiment of the present application.
图3是本申请一个具体实施方式的超材料纤维的结构示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a supermaterial fiber according to a specific embodiment of the present application.
图4是本申请另一个具体实施方式的超材料纤维的结构示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a supermaterial fiber according to another specific embodiment of the present application.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本申请实施方式作进一步地详细描述。显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下， 还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application clearer, the implementation manners of the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Apparently, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings according to these drawings without creative efforts.
随着人们对光学材料研究的不断深入和其技术应用的迅速扩展，相继形成了新的物理概念及光场调控方法，为其在物理、信息处理、通信、材料、新能源等领域的研究和应用提供坚实基础。超材料是指一类具有特殊性质的人造材料，它通过光子晶体等周期性微结构可实现对电磁波的有效调控，从而在沿光纤延伸方向上实现光的约束，其传输波段可根据光纤的结构设计和材料选择进行调控。With the continuous deepening of people's research on optical materials and the rapid expansion of their technical applications, new physical concepts and light field control methods have been formed one after another. Applications provide a solid foundation. Metamaterials refer to a class of artificial materials with special properties. It can effectively control electromagnetic waves through periodic microstructures such as photonic crystals, so as to achieve light confinement along the direction of fiber extension. Its transmission band can be determined according to the structure of the fiber. Design and material selection are regulated.
本申请利用超材料特性原理，对纤维的微结构进行调控以形成具有改变红外辐射特性的纺织品，从而在无限的外部空间实现宽光谱选择性调控，在红外辐射调控领域极具优势。This application uses the principle of metamaterial properties to regulate the microstructure of fibers to form textiles with changing infrared radiation characteristics, so as to realize selective regulation of wide spectrum in infinite external space, which is extremely advantageous in the field of infrared radiation regulation.
本申请提供一种全光谱反射口罩，如图1所示，其包括口罩本体，所述口罩本体包括：从外侧到内侧依次层叠设置的全光谱反射层1、过滤层2和皮肤接触层3；所述全光谱反射层1由超材料纺粘布形成；如图2所示，超材料纺粘布包括至少一个单层纤维纺粘层，单层纤维纺粘层包括超材料纤维10，超材料纤维10交织叠合形成孔隙。其中，所述孔隙中，直径为100-3000nm的孔隙为反射孔隙30，所述超材料纺粘布中的反射孔隙30的总体积占超材料纺粘布体积的10％-90％；如图3所示，超材料纤维10由包括聚合物基底材料11和微纳颗粒12的复合材料形成，微纳颗粒12的平均粒径为100-3000nm。The application provides a full-spectrum reflective mask, as shown in Figure 1, which includes a mask body, which includes: a full-spectrum reflective layer 1, a filter layer 2 and a skin contact layer 3 that are sequentially stacked from the outside to the inside; Described full-spectrum reflective layer 1 is formed by supermaterial spunbond cloth; As shown in Figure 2, supermaterial spunbond cloth comprises at least one single-layer fiber spunbond layer, and single-layer fiber spunbond layer comprises supermaterial fiber 10, and supermaterial The fibers 10 are interwoven and stacked to form pores. Wherein, among the pores, the pores with a diameter of 100-3000nm are reflective pores 30, and the total volume of the reflective pores 30 in the metamaterial spunbonded cloth accounts for 10%-90% of the volume of the supermaterial spunbonded cloth; as shown in the figure As shown in 3, the metamaterial fiber 10 is formed by a composite material including a polymer base material 11 and micro-nano particles 12, and the average particle diameter of the micro-nano particles 12 is 100-3000 nm.
在一个具体实施方式中，所述全光谱反射口罩由：全光谱反射层1、过滤层2和皮肤接触层3构成。在一个具体实施方式中，所述全光谱反射口罩还包括层叠设置于全光谱反射层1外侧的一层或两层或以上的其它功能层。在一个具体实施方式中，所述全光谱反射口罩还包括层叠设置于过滤层2和皮肤接触层3之间的一层或两层或以上的其它功能层。在一个具体实施方式中，所述全光谱反射口罩还包括层叠设置于全光谱反射层1和过滤层2之间的一层或两层或以上的其它功能层。In a specific embodiment, the full-spectrum reflective mask is composed of: a full-spectrum reflective layer 1 , a filter layer 2 and a skin contact layer 3 . In a specific embodiment, the full-spectrum reflective mask further includes one or two or more other functional layers stacked on the outside of the full-spectrum reflective layer 1 . In a specific embodiment, the full-spectrum reflective mask further includes one or two or more other functional layers stacked between the filter layer 2 and the skin contact layer 3 . In a specific embodiment, the full-spectrum reflective mask further includes one or two or more other functional layers stacked between the full-spectrum reflective layer 1 and the filter layer 2 .
在一个具体实施方式中，所述过滤层2可以是具有过滤、防雾霾、防病毒等功能的过滤层，例如为熔喷无纺布形成的层，进一步为聚丙烯熔喷布；具体地，过滤层2可以是一层也可以是多层重叠结构，例如可为1层、2层、3层、4层、5层等，所述过滤层2的数量可根据实际需要来确定。In a specific embodiment, the filter layer 2 can be a filter layer with functions such as filtration, anti-haze, and anti-virus, such as a layer formed of melt-blown non-woven fabric, and further a polypropylene melt-blown cloth; specifically The filter layer 2 can be one layer or a multilayer overlapping structure, such as 1 layer, 2 layers, 3 layers, 4 layers, 5 layers, etc. The number of the filter layers 2 can be determined according to actual needs.
所述熔喷无纺布具有多孔以及小孔，其多孔、小孔的物理性能决定了其固体阻隔性好，即过滤性能好，如果再有驻极处理，增加静电性能，也可增加过 滤效果。熔喷无纺布上述特点致其广泛运用在医用口罩、室内空调机过滤材料、滤清器滤材等。The melt-blown non-woven fabric has pores and small pores. The physical properties of the pores and pores determine its good solid barrier properties, that is, good filtration performance. If there is an electret treatment to increase the electrostatic performance, it can also increase the filtration effect. . The above characteristics of melt-blown non-woven fabrics make it widely used in medical masks, indoor air conditioner filter materials, filter materials, etc.
在一个具体实施方式中，所述皮肤接触层3为由选自纺粘无纺布、亲水纺粘无纺布、水刺无纺布、超柔纺粘无纺布中的一种形成的层；In a specific embodiment, the skin contact layer 3 is formed by one selected from spunbonded nonwoven fabric, hydrophilic spunbonded nonwoven fabric, spunlace nonwoven fabric and super soft spunbonded nonwoven fabric. layer;
亲水纺粘无纺布的主要材料是涤纶和丙纶，亲水纺粘无纺布具有吸水能力强、耐高温性能好、耐低温性能好、耐老化、抗紫外线、延伸率高、稳定性和透气性好、耐腐蚀、隔音、防蛀、无毒等优点。The main materials of hydrophilic spunbonded nonwovens are polyester and polypropylene. Hydrophilic spunbonded nonwovens have strong water absorption, high temperature resistance, low temperature resistance, aging resistance, UV resistance, high elongation, stability and Good air permeability, corrosion resistance, sound insulation, mothproof, non-toxic and other advantages.
所述超柔纺粘无纺布可以为聚丙烯纺粘无纺布，具有软、亲水、纤维细度好、手感柔软、布面均匀无斑、显厚。特别适合用于婴儿/成人纸裤、口罩、卫生帽、隔离衣、鞋套等医疗卫生产品领域。The supersoft spunbonded nonwoven fabric may be polypropylene spunbonded nonwoven fabric, which is soft, hydrophilic, fine in fiber fineness, soft to the touch, uniform and spot-free, and thick. It is especially suitable for medical and sanitary products such as baby/adult paper pants, masks, sanitary caps, isolation gowns, and shoe covers.
在一个具体实施方式中，所述口罩本体上还设置有可折叠的鼻夹。通过调整所述鼻夹可以使得所述抗菌口罩与佩戴者的脸部密切地贴合。In a specific embodiment, the mask body is also provided with a foldable nose clip. By adjusting the nose clip, the antibacterial mask can closely fit the wearer's face.
所述口罩本体的两端还设置有弹性绳，通过所述弹性绳挂在使用者的耳朵上，来佩戴所述口罩，所述弹性绳具有一定的弹力，可以适用不同脸型不同性别的人来佩戴。The two ends of the mask body are also provided with elastic cords, through which the elastic cords are hung on the ears of the user to wear the mask. The elastic cords have certain elastic force and can be applied to people of different faces and genders. wear.
在一个具体实施方式中，聚合物基底材料在大气窗口波段(8-13μm)具有高发射率，可以将物体热量经由大气的红外窗口，以电磁波方式传送到低温的宇宙中。由于微纳颗粒作为随机散射介质均匀分布于聚合物基底材料内部，微纳颗粒的平均粒径为100-3000nm，与太阳辐射波长相似，因此，可以在纤维内部形成对太阳辐射具有高散射效率微结构，增强超材料纤维对太阳辐射波段(0.3-2.5μm)的反射特性。In a specific embodiment, the polymer base material has a high emissivity in the atmospheric window band (8-13 μm), and can transmit the heat of the object to the low-temperature universe in the form of electromagnetic waves through the infrared window of the atmosphere. Since the micro-nano particles are uniformly distributed inside the polymer base material as a random scattering medium, the average particle size of the micro-nano particles is 100-3000nm, which is similar to the wavelength of solar radiation. Therefore, micro-nano particles with high scattering efficiency for solar radiation can be formed inside the fiber. The structure enhances the reflective properties of the metamaterial fiber to the solar radiation band (0.3-2.5μm).
本申请的全光谱反射口罩，超材料纺粘布中的反射孔隙由超材料纤维的交织叠合形成，反射孔隙的直径为100-3000nm，反射孔隙的总体积占超材料纺粘布体积的10％-90％，此时，也可以将反射孔隙看作随机散射介质均匀分布于纺粘布内部。由于高发射率的聚合物基底材料的折射率在1.4-1.6之间，空气的折射率为1。因此，在聚合物基底材料与空气之间存在较大的折射率差，且反射孔隙的直径为100-3000nm，与光谱波长大小相似，可以在纤维之间形成对太阳辐射具有高散射效率微结构，从而可以对纤维外部光学特性进行调控，增强超材料纺粘布的反射特性。In the full-spectrum reflective mask of the present application, the reflective pores in the supermaterial spunbonded cloth are formed by the interweaving and superposition of supermaterial fibers, the diameter of the reflective pores is 100-3000nm, and the total volume of the reflective pores accounts for 10% of the volume of the supermaterial spunbonded cloth. %-90%, at this time, the reflective pores can also be regarded as a random scattering medium uniformly distributed inside the spunbonded fabric. Air has a refractive index of 1 due to the high-emissivity polymer base material having a refractive index between 1.4 and 1.6. Therefore, there is a large refractive index difference between the polymer base material and air, and the diameter of the reflective pores is 100-3000nm, which is similar to the wavelength of the spectrum, and microstructures with high scattering efficiency for solar radiation can be formed between the fibers , so that the external optical properties of the fiber can be adjusted to enhance the reflection properties of the metamaterial spunbonded fabric.
超材料纤维相互交织排布且纤维内部微纳颗粒随机排布，构成具有超材料特性的纺粘布，基于此光子学设计从而产生0.3-2.5μm以及8-13μm的超宽带光 学响应，从而实现对太阳辐射和人体红外热辐射的引导和操纵，针对纺粘布与人体皮肤的微环境温度进行光热调控从而实现高效热管理。The metamaterial fibers are interwoven and arranged randomly, and the micro-nano particles inside the fibers are randomly arranged to form a spunbonded fabric with metamaterial characteristics. Based on this photonics design, an ultra-broadband optical response of 0.3-2.5 μm and 8-13 μm is produced, thereby realizing Guide and manipulate solar radiation and human infrared thermal radiation, and conduct photothermal regulation on the microenvironment temperature of spunbonded fabric and human skin to achieve efficient thermal management.
在一个具体实施方式中，所述单层纤维纺粘层由超材料纤维组成，所述超材料纤维交织叠合形成孔隙。In a specific embodiment, the single-layer fiber spunbond layer is composed of supermaterial fibers, and the supermaterial fibers are interwoven and laminated to form pores.
在一个具体实施方式中，所述超材料纺粘布包括一个单层纤维纺粘层，所述超材料纤维由包括聚合物基底材料和微纳颗粒的复合材料形成。In a specific embodiment, the metamaterial spunbond fabric includes a single fiber spunbond layer, and the supermaterial fibers are formed from a composite material including a polymer base material and micro-nano particles.
在一个具体实施方式中，所述超材料纺粘布包括两个以上单层纤维纺粘层，所述两个以上单层纤维纺粘层中的至少一个单层纤维纺粘层中的超材料纤维由包括聚合物基底材料和微纳颗粒的复合材料形成。两个以上单层纤维纺粘层中的各层的厚度可以相同或不同。In a specific embodiment, the supermaterial spunbond cloth includes two or more single-layer fiber spunbond layers, and the supermaterial in at least one single-layer fiber spunbond layer in the two or more single-layer fiber spunbond layers The fibers are formed from a composite material comprising a polymer base material and micro-nano particles. The thickness of each of the two or more single-layer fibrous spunbond layers may be the same or different.
可以理解地，本申请的孔隙为由三根或三根以上的全光谱反射纤维交叉叠合后形成的多边形孔隙，孔隙直径可以是多边形的外接圆的直径。孔隙直径与太阳辐射波段波长相匹配可以增强超材料纺粘布的反射特性，因此，反射孔隙的直径为100-3000nm。在一个具体实施方式中，反射孔隙的直径可以为200-1000nm，例如可为200nm、210nm、230nm、250nm、300nm、400nm、500nm、600nm、700nm、800nm、900nm、950nm、970nm、990nm、1000nm等，优选地，反射孔隙的直径为400-700nm，最优选为500nm。It can be understood that the pores in this application are polygonal pores formed by crossing and stacking three or more full-spectrum reflective fibers, and the diameter of the pores may be the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the polygon. Matching the diameter of the pores with the wavelength of the solar radiation band can enhance the reflective properties of the metamaterial spunbonded fabric, therefore, the diameter of the reflective pores is 100-3000nm. In a specific embodiment, the diameter of the reflective pores can be 200-1000nm, such as 200nm, 210nm, 230nm, 250nm, 300nm, 400nm, 500nm, 600nm, 700nm, 800nm, 900nm, 950nm, 970nm, 990nm, 1000nm, etc. , preferably, the reflective pores have a diameter of 400-700 nm, most preferably 500 nm.
在一个具体实施方式中，所述超材料纺粘布中的反射孔隙的总体积占所述纺粘布体积百分比例如可为10％、15％、20％、25％、30％、35％、40％、45％、50％、55％、60％、65％、70％、75％、80％、85％、90％等。In a specific embodiment, the total volume of the reflective pores in the supermaterial spunbonded cloth can be 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, etc.
由于反射孔隙可以用于增强超材料纺粘布的反射特性，但反射孔隙过多会影响纺粘布的强度，因此，在一个优选地的实施方式中，超材料纺粘布中的反射孔隙的总体积占超材料纺粘布体积的50％-85％；具体的，对于只包括一个单层纤维纺粘层的超材料纺粘布，该单层纤维纺粘层中反射孔隙的体积占超材料纺粘布体积的50％-85％；对于包括两个以上单层纤维纺粘层的超材料纺粘布，各单层纤维纺粘层中反射孔隙的体积的总和占超材料纺粘布体积的50％-85％。Since the reflective pores can be used to enhance the reflective properties of the metamaterial spunbond, but too many reflective pores will affect the strength of the spunbond. Therefore, in a preferred embodiment, the reflective pores in the metamaterial spunbond The total volume accounts for 50%-85% of the volume of the supermaterial spunbond fabric; specifically, for a supermaterial spunbond fabric that only includes a single-layer fiber spunbond layer, the volume of the reflective pores in the single-layer fiber spunbond layer accounts for more than 50%. 50%-85% of the volume of the material spunbond fabric; for a metamaterial spunbond fabric including more than two single-layer fiber spunbond layers, the sum of the volumes of the reflective pores in each single-layer fiber spunbond layer accounts for 50%-85% of the volume.
在一个具体实施方式中，超材料纺粘布中的反射孔隙的总体积占超材料纺粘布体积的50％-85％；所述超材料纺粘布包括两个单层纤维纺粘层，即内层单层纤维纺粘层(底层单层纤维纺粘层)和外层单层纤维纺粘层(顶层单层纤维纺粘层)，其中内层单层纤维纺粘层中的超材料纤维由包括聚合物基底材料和微纳颗粒的复合材料形成，在所述外层单层纤维纺粘层中，所述反射孔隙的体积 占所述外层单层纤维纺粘层体积的50％-85％，例如可为50％、55％、60％、65％、70％、75％、80％、85％等；在所述内层单层纤维纺粘层中，所述反射孔隙的体积占所述内层单层纤维纺粘层体积的5％-20％，例如可为5％、6％、7％、8％、9％、10％、111％、12％、13％、14％、15％、16％、17％、18％、19％、20％等。In a specific embodiment, the total volume of the reflective pores in the supermaterial spunbonded cloth accounts for 50%-85% of the volume of the supermaterial spunbonded cloth; the supermaterial spunbonded cloth includes two single-layer fiber spunbonded layers, That is, the inner single-layer fiber spunbond layer (the bottom single-layer fiber spunbond layer) and the outer single-layer fiber spunbond layer (the top single-layer fiber spunbond layer), wherein the metamaterial in the inner single-layer fiber spunbond layer The fibers are formed from a composite material comprising a polymer base material and micro-nano particles, and in the outer single-layer fiber spunbond layer, the volume of the reflective voids accounts for 50% of the volume of the outer single-layer fiber spunbond layer -85%, such as 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85% etc.; The volume accounts for 5%-20% of the volume of the inner single-layer fiber spunbond layer, such as 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 111%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20%, etc.
具体地，可以通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)拍摄图像，从图像中统计满足直径要求的孔隙，计算各单层纤维纺粘层的反射孔隙的体积和，再除以超材料纺粘布总体积，即为反射孔隙的总体积占纺粘布体积比。本申请中超材料纺粘布总体积为构成超材料纺粘布全部纤维的体积与由全部纤维形成的全部孔隙的体积的总和。Specifically, an image can be taken by a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the pores that meet the diameter requirements can be counted from the image, and the volume sum of the reflective pores of each single-layer fiber spunbond layer can be calculated, and then divided by the total volume of the supermaterial spunbond cloth, That is, the ratio of the total volume of reflective pores to the volume of the spunbond fabric. In this application, the total volume of the supermaterial spunbond fabric is the sum of the volume of all fibers constituting the supermaterial spunbond fabric and the volume of all pores formed by all fibers.
在一个具体实施方式中，超材料纤维的单丝直径为2-40μm，示例性地，超材料纤维的单丝直径为2μm、5μm、8μm、10μm、15μm、20μm、25μm、30μm、35μm、40μm等。In a specific embodiment, the monofilament diameter of the supermaterial fiber is 2-40 μm. Exemplarily, the monofilament diameter of the supermaterial fiber is 2 μm, 5 μm, 8 μm, 10 μm, 15 μm, 20 μm, 25 μm, 30 μm, 35 μm, 40 μm wait.
具体地，孔隙的直径、反射孔隙的总体积占纺粘布体积的百分比、超材料纤维直径和长度均可通过调控工艺参数进行控制，再根据具体电镜效果确定参数。其中，具体工艺参数可以参考制备方法部分的描述。Specifically, the diameter of the pores, the percentage of the total volume of the reflective pores to the volume of the spunbond fabric, and the diameter and length of the metamaterial fibers can be controlled by adjusting the process parameters, and then the parameters are determined according to the specific electron microscope effect. Wherein, the specific process parameters can refer to the description in the preparation method part.
优选地，超材料纺粘布的克重为10-40g/m 2。示例性地，超材料纺粘布的克重可以为10g/m 2、20g/m 2、30g/m 2、40g/m 2等。 Preferably, the grammage of the supermaterial spunbonded fabric is 10-40 g/m 2 . Exemplarily, the grammage of the supermaterial spunbonded fabric may be 10 g/m 2 , 20 g/m 2 , 30 g/m 2 , 40 g/m 2 and so on.
在一个具体实施方式中，具有高发射率的聚合物基底材料在大气窗口波段(8-13μm)的发射率大于85％，例如可为86％、87％、88％、89％、90％、91％、92％、93％、94％、95％、96％等。具体地，具有高发射率的聚合物基底材料可以包括含有C-F、C＝O、-CH 3、-CH、C–O和C–C官能团中任意一种或两种以上的有机高分子材料。由于C-F、C＝O、-CH 3、-CH、C–O、C–C这些官能团的振动频率峰值在大气窗口波段(8-13μm)内，因此，这些聚合物在大气窗口波段(8-13μm)具有高发射率和吸收率的特性。 In a specific embodiment, the emissivity of the polymer base material with high emissivity in the atmospheric window band (8-13 μm) is greater than 85%, such as 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, etc. Specifically, the polymer base material with high emissivity may include organic polymer materials containing any one or two or more of CF, C=O, —CH 3 , —CH, C—O, and C—C functional groups. Since the vibration frequency peaks of functional groups such as CF, C=O, -CH 3 , -CH, C–O, and C–C are within the atmospheric window band (8-13 μm), these polymers are in the atmospheric window band (8-13 μm). 13 μm) has the characteristics of high emissivity and absorptivity.
在一个具体实施方式中，微纳颗粒为在太阳辐射波段(0.3-2.5μm)具有低吸收率和高折射率的无机微纳颗粒。所述微纳颗粒的低吸收率要求其折射率虚部(消光系数)＜10 -4；微纳颗粒高折射率要求折射率＞1.5。 In a specific embodiment, the micro/nano particles are inorganic micro/nano particles with low absorption rate and high refractive index in the solar radiation band (0.3-2.5 μm). The low absorption rate of the micro-nano particles requires that the imaginary part of the refractive index (extinction coefficient) <10 -4 ; the high refractive index of the micro-nano particles requires the refractive index to be >1.5.
可选地，微纳颗粒的平均粒径为400-700nm，示例性地，微纳颗粒的平均粒径为400nm、450nm、500nm、550nm、600nm、650nm、700nm，优选地，微纳颗粒的直径为500nm。所述微纳颗粒的平均粒径是指通过电镜检测法得到的平均粒径，具体为D50中位径，例如观看500个颗粒求得D50中位径。Optionally, the average particle diameter of the micro-nano particles is 400-700nm. Exemplarily, the average particle diameter of the micro-nano particles is 400nm, 450nm, 500nm, 550nm, 600nm, 650nm, 700nm, preferably, the diameter of the micro-nano particles 500nm. The average particle diameter of the micro-nano particles refers to the average particle diameter obtained by the electron microscope detection method, specifically the D50 median diameter, for example, the D50 median diameter is obtained by observing 500 particles.
进一步地，所述超材料纺粘布中，微纳颗粒的总质量为聚合物基底材料的总质量的5％-40％。具体的，对于只包括一个单层纤维纺粘层的超材料纺粘布，微纳颗粒在该单层纤维纺粘层中的质量为该单层纤维纺粘层中的聚合物基底材料的总质量的5％-40％；对于包括两个以上单层纤维纺粘层的超材料纺粘布，各单层纤维纺粘层中微纳颗粒的质量的总和为各单层纤维纺粘层中聚合物基底材料的质量的总和的5％-40％。例如，可以是5％、10％、15％、20％、25％、30％、35％、40％等，优选为30％-40％。Further, in the supermaterial spunbonded fabric, the total mass of the micro-nano particles is 5%-40% of the total mass of the polymer base material. Concretely, for the metamaterial spunbond cloth that only includes a single-layer fiber spunbond layer, the quality of the micro-nano particles in the single-layer fiber spunbond layer is the total amount of the polymer base material in the single-layer fiber spunbond layer. 5%-40% of the mass; for a supermaterial spunbond fabric comprising more than two single-layer fiber spunbond layers, the sum of the quality of micro-nano particles in each single-layer fiber spunbond layer is 5%-40% of the sum of the mass of the polymer base material. For example, it can be 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, etc., preferably 30%-40%.
在一个具体实施方式中，所述超材料纺粘布包括两个单层纤维纺粘层，即内层单层纤维纺粘层和外层单层纤维纺粘层，其中内层单层纤维纺粘层中的超材料纤维由包括聚合物基底材料和微纳颗粒的复合材料形成；在所述外层单层纤维纺粘层中，所述微纳颗粒的质量为外层单层纤维纺粘层中聚合物基底材料的质量的0％-5％，例如可为0％、1％、2％、3％、4％、5％等；在所述内层单层纤维纺粘层中，所述微纳颗粒的质量为内层单层纤维纺粘层中聚合物基底材料的质量的5％-40％，例如可为5％、10％、15％、20％、25％、30％、35％、40％等。In a specific embodiment, the supermaterial spunbond fabric comprises two single-layer fiber spunbond layers, namely an inner single-layer fiber spunbond layer and an outer single-layer fiber spunbond layer, wherein the inner single-layer fiber spunbond layer The supermaterial fibers in the sticky layer are formed from a composite material comprising a polymer base material and micro-nano particles; 0%-5% of the mass of the polymer base material in the layer, such as 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, etc.; in the inner single-layer fiber spunbond layer, The quality of the micro-nano particles is 5%-40% of the quality of the polymer base material in the inner single-layer fiber spunbond layer, for example, it can be 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30% , 35%, 40%, etc.
具体地，微纳颗粒可以为二氧化钛(TiO 2)、硫化锌(ZnS)、碳化硅(SiC)、氮化硅(Si 3N 4)、氧化锌(ZnO)、氮化硼(BN)、硅酸铝(Al 2SiO 5)、硫酸钡(BaSO 4)、碳酸钙(CaCO 3)、氧化镁(MgO)、氧化铝(Al 2O 3)、碳酸镁(MgCO3)、碳酸钡(BaCO 3)、硫酸钙(CaSO 4)中的任意一种或两种以上。 Specifically, micro-nano particles can be titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ), zinc sulfide (ZnS), silicon carbide (SiC), silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ), zinc oxide (ZnO), boron nitride (BN), silicon Aluminum oxide (Al 2 SiO 5 ) , barium sulfate (BaSO 4 ), calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ), magnesium oxide (MgO), aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), magnesium carbonate (MgCO3), barium carbonate (BaCO 3 ) Any one or two or more of calcium sulfate (CaSO 4 ).
具体地，聚合物基底材料可以为聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)、氟树脂、聚丙烯(PP)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)、聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)、聚苯乙烯(PS)、聚酯和间苯二甲酸酯磺酸钠共聚物、丙烯酸酯共聚物、聚乙二醇(PEG)、聚对苯二甲酸丙二酯(PTT)、聚偏二氯乙烯树脂(PVDC)、醋酸乙烯酯树脂、聚乙烯醇(PVA)、聚乳酸(PLA)、聚氨酯(PU)、聚丙烯腈(PAN)、环烯烃类共聚物(COC)、聚碳酸酯(PC)、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)、苯乙烯二甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物(SMMA)、聚甲醛(POM)、聚苯醚(PPO)、聚酰亚胺(PI)、醋酸乙烯酯树脂、聚乙烯醇缩甲醛、聚醋酸乙烯酯(PVAC)和聚乙烯醇缩乙醛中的任意一种或两种以上。Specifically, the polymer base material can be polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), fluororesin, polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polychlorinated Vinyl (PVC), Polystyrene (PS), Polyester and Sodium Isophthalate Sulfonate Copolymer, Acrylate Copolymer, Polyethylene Glycol (PEG), Polytrimethylene Terephthalate (PTT ), polyvinylidene chloride resin (PVDC), vinyl acetate resin, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polylactic acid (PLA), polyurethane (PU), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), cycloolefin copolymer (COC) , polycarbonate (PC), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), styrene dimethacrylate copolymer (SMMA), polyoxymethylene (POM), polyphenylene oxide (PPO), polyamide Any one or two or more of imine (PI), vinyl acetate resin, polyvinyl formal, polyvinyl acetate (PVAC) and polyvinyl acetal.
在一个具体实施方式中，为了获得更高的散射效率，提高反射率，微纳颗粒的折射率与聚合物基底材料的折射率差值尽可能大。优选地，聚合物基底材料的折射率与微纳颗粒的折射率之差大于0.6。示例性地，微纳颗粒和聚合物基 底材料的选择组合有以下方式：In a specific embodiment, in order to obtain higher scattering efficiency and improve reflectivity, the difference between the refractive index of the micro-nano particles and the refractive index of the polymer base material is as large as possible. Preferably, the difference between the refractive index of the polymer base material and the refractive index of the micro-nano particles is greater than 0.6. Exemplary, the selection combination of micro-nano particle and polymer base material has the following ways:
可选地，微纳颗粒为二氧化钛(TiO 2)、硫化锌(ZnS)和碳化硅(SiC)中的任意一种或两种或三种，聚合物基底材料可以为聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)、氟树脂、聚丙烯(PP)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)、聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)、聚苯乙烯(PS)、聚酯和间苯二甲酸酯磺酸钠共聚物、丙烯酸酯共聚物、聚乙二醇(PEG)、聚对苯二甲酸丙二酯(PTT)、聚偏二氯乙烯树脂(PVDC)、醋酸乙烯酯树脂、聚乙烯醇(PVA)、聚乳酸(PLA)、聚氨酯(PU)、聚丙烯腈(PAN)、环烯烃类共聚物(COC)、聚碳酸酯(PC)、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)、苯乙烯二甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物(SMMA)、聚甲醛(POM)、聚苯醚(PPO)、聚酰亚胺(PI)、醋酸乙烯酯树脂、聚乙烯醇缩甲醛、聚醋酸乙烯酯(PVAC)和聚乙烯醇缩乙醛中的任意一种或两种以上。 Optionally, the micro-nano particles are any one or two or three of titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ), zinc sulfide (ZnS) and silicon carbide (SiC), and the polymer base material can be polymethyl methacrylate ( PMMA), fluorine resin, polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS), polyester and m- Sodium Phthalate Sulfonate Copolymer, Acrylate Copolymer, Polyethylene Glycol (PEG), Polytrimethylene Terephthalate (PTT), Polyvinylidene Chloride Resin (PVDC), Vinyl Acetate Resin , polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polylactic acid (PLA), polyurethane (PU), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), cycloolefin copolymer (COC), polycarbonate (PC), acrylonitrile-butadiene-benzene Ethylene (ABS), styrene dimethacrylate copolymer (SMMA), polyoxymethylene (POM), polyphenylene oxide (PPO), polyimide (PI), vinyl acetate resin, polyvinyl formal , any one or two or more of polyvinyl acetate (PVAC) and polyvinyl acetal.
可选地，微纳颗粒为氮化硅(Si 3N 4)，聚合物基底材料可以为聚酯和间苯二甲酸酯磺酸钠共聚物、氟树脂、丙烯酸酯共聚物中的任意一种或两种以上。 Optionally, the micro-nano particles are silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ), and the polymer base material can be any one of polyester and sodium isophthalate sulfonate copolymer, fluororesin, and acrylate copolymer species or two or more.
可选地，微纳颗粒为氧化锌(ZnO)，聚合物基底材料可以为聚酯和间苯二甲酸酯磺酸钠共聚物和/或氟树脂。Optionally, the micro-nano particles are zinc oxide (ZnO), and the polymer base material may be polyester and sodium isophthalate sulfonate copolymer and/or fluororesin.
可选地，微纳颗粒为氮化硼(BN)，聚合物基底材料可以为聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)、聚酯和间苯二甲酸酯磺酸钠共聚物、氟树脂、聚氨酯(PU)、聚丙烯(PP)、聚偏二氯乙烯树脂(PVDC)、聚乳酸(PLA)、聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)、聚甲醛(POM)、聚酰亚胺(PI)、聚乙烯醇缩甲醛、聚苯醚(PPO)、聚乙烯醇缩乙醛、聚醋酸乙烯酯(PVAC)中的任意一种或两种以上。Optionally, the micro-nano particles are boron nitride (BN), and the polymer base material can be polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyester and sodium isophthalate sulfonate copolymer, fluororesin, polyurethane (PU), polypropylene (PP), polyvinylidene chloride resin (PVDC), polylactic acid (PLA), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyoxymethylene (POM), polyimide (PI), polyethylene Any one or two or more of alcohol formal, polyphenylene oxide (PPO), polyvinyl acetal, and polyvinyl acetate (PVAC).
可选地，微纳颗粒为硅酸铝(Al 2SiO 5)，聚合物基底材料可以为聚丙烯腈(PAN)、聚对苯二甲酸丙二酯(PTT)和聚苯乙烯(PS)中的任意一种或两种以上。 Optionally, the micro-nano particles are aluminum silicate (Al 2 SiO 5 ), and the polymer base material can be polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT) and polystyrene (PS). any one or two or more of them.
在一个具体实施方式中，如图4所示，超材料纺粘布可以包括N个单层纤维纺粘层10，N个单层纤维纺粘层10垂直于纤维纺粘层延伸方向(PQ向)层叠设置，N≥2；优选N的取值为5-2500，例如可为2、3、5、6、7、8、9、10、20、100、500、1000、2500等。由于上层通过单层纤维纺粘层叠加的方式使微纳颗粒垂直于纤维纺粘层延伸方向随机多层分布，使得穿透上层超材料纤维的太阳光20可以被下层超材料纤维10中的微纳颗粒11或反射孔隙(图中未示出)反射，以增强红外辐射的发射率和阳光辐射的反射率，在中红外波段(8-13μm)的发射率≥90％，在太阳辐射波段(0.3-2.5μm)的反射率≥90％，实现良好的全光谱反射效果。In a specific embodiment, as shown in Figure 4, the supermaterial spunbond cloth can include N single-layer fiber spunbond layers 10, and N single-layer fiber spunbond layers 10 are perpendicular to the extending direction of the fiber spunbond layer (PQ direction ) stacked setting, N≥2; the preferred value of N is 5-2500, for example, it can be 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 20, 100, 500, 1000, 2500, etc. Since the upper layer is superimposed by a single-layer fiber spunbond layer, the micro-nano particles are randomly distributed in multiple layers perpendicular to the extension direction of the fiber spunbond layer, so that the sunlight 20 penetrating the upper layer of supermaterial fibers can be absorbed by the micron particles in the lower layer of metamaterial fibers 10. Nanoparticles 11 or reflective pores (not shown in the figure) reflect to enhance the emissivity of infrared radiation and the reflectivity of solar radiation, the emissivity in the mid-infrared band (8-13 μm) is ≥ 90%, and in the solar radiation band ( 0.3-2.5μm) reflectance ≥ 90%, to achieve a good full-spectrum reflection effect.
在一个具体实施方式中，超材料纺粘布厚度为0.1-1.5mm，例如可为0.1mm、0.5mm、1.0mm、1.5mm，优选为0.5-1.5mm，进一步优选为0.6mm。In a specific embodiment, the thickness of the supermaterial spunbonded fabric is 0.1-1.5 mm, for example, 0.1 mm, 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm, 1.5 mm, preferably 0.5-1.5 mm, more preferably 0.6 mm.
在一个具体实施方式中，所述超材料纤维可以为单一圆形结构，也可以为皮芯结构；所述皮芯结构超材料纤维，芯层为聚合物基底材料和微纳颗粒，皮层为聚合物基底材料；所述芯层与皮层的半径比为1:9-9:1，优选为5:5-9:1，进一步优选为8:2；所述皮层将芯层包裹形成同轴结构，降低单一结构超材料纤维表面颗粒脱落造成的吸入风险。In a specific embodiment, the supermaterial fiber can be a single circular structure, or a skin-core structure; the skin-core structure supermaterial fiber, the core layer is a polymer base material and micro-nano particles, and the skin layer is polymeric Object substrate material; The radius ratio of the core layer and the skin layer is 1:9-9:1, preferably 5:5-9:1, more preferably 8:2; The skin layer wraps the core layer to form a coaxial structure , to reduce the risk of inhalation caused by the shedding of particles on the surface of the single-structure supermaterial fiber.
在一个具体实施方式中，所述超材料纺粘布包括两个或三个或四个以上的单层纤维纺粘层时，从内层至外层，各层的微纳颗粒在所述层中的聚合物基底材料中的质量分数(即各单层纤维纺粘层中颗粒掺杂浓度)可相同，也可不完全相同或完全不相同，进一步可呈梯度变化。In a specific embodiment, when the supermaterial spunbond cloth includes two or three or more than four single-layer fiber spunbond layers, from the inner layer to the outer layer, the micro-nano particles of each layer are in the layer The mass fraction in the polymer base material (that is, the particle doping concentration in each single-layer fiber spunbond layer) can be the same, or not completely the same or completely different, and can further change in a gradient.
在一个具体实施方式中，当颗粒掺杂浓度从内层至外层呈梯度变化时，无机微纳颗粒掺杂浓度由内层至外层逐渐降低，外层可为无掺杂。In a specific embodiment, when the particle doping concentration changes gradually from the inner layer to the outer layer, the doping concentration of the inorganic micro-nano particles gradually decreases from the inner layer to the outer layer, and the outer layer may be undoped.
在一个具体实施方式中，当颗粒掺杂浓度从内层至外层呈梯度变化时，反射孔隙占其所在的纺粘层的体积分数从内层至外层也呈梯度变化，进一步地，单层纤维纺粘层的反射孔隙占所述单层纤维纺粘层的体积分数从内层至外层逐渐增大。In a specific embodiment, when the particle doping concentration changes in a gradient from the inner layer to the outer layer, the volume fraction of the reflective pores in the spunbond layer where it is located also changes in a gradient from the inner layer to the outer layer. Further, the single The volume fraction of the reflective pores of the fiber spunbond layer in the single fiber spunbond layer gradually increases from the inner layer to the outer layer.
其中，所述超材料纺粘布外层无掺杂时，无掺杂单层纤维纺粘层包括超材料纤维和所述超材料纤维交织叠合形成的孔隙，直径为100-3000nm的孔隙为反射孔隙，所述反射孔隙的总体积占所述超材料纺粘层体积的10％-90％。所述超材料纤维中完全由聚合物基底材料构成，不含微纳颗粒掺杂，且超材料纺粘布中外层无掺杂的纤维纺粘层的总厚度范围为30-100μm。Wherein, when the outer layer of the metamaterial spunbond cloth is not doped, the non-doped single-layer fiber spunbond layer includes pores formed by interweaving and superimposing the supermaterial fibers and the supermaterial fibers, and the pores with a diameter of 100-3000 nm are Reflective voids, the total volume of the reflective voids accounts for 10%-90% of the volume of the metamaterial spunbonded layer. The supermaterial fiber is completely composed of polymer base material without doping with micro-nano particles, and the total thickness of the fiber spunbond layer without doping in the outer layer of the supermaterial spunbond cloth is in the range of 30-100 μm.
部分无机微纳颗粒在紫外波段的吸收会降低太阳辐射波段的反射率，而空气孔隙在对紫外不具有吸收作用，当外层为无掺杂纺粘层时，主要起到反射太阳辐射紫外波段(300-400nm)的作用，并可以增强超材料纺粘布整体的机械性能。在此作用基础上，无掺纤维杂纺粘层厚度需要进行限制，厚度过低时(＜30μm)无法起到良好的紫外反射作用，厚度过高时(＞100μm)会增强可见-近红外波段(400-2500nm)的吸收。因此无掺杂纺粘层厚度优选为30-100μm。相较于全掺杂的超材料纺粘无纺布，拉伸强力有所提高。The absorption of some inorganic micro-nano particles in the ultraviolet band will reduce the reflectivity of the solar radiation band, while the air pores have no absorption effect on the ultraviolet band. When the outer layer is an undoped spunbonded layer, it mainly plays a role in reflecting the solar radiation ultraviolet band. (300-400nm), and can enhance the overall mechanical properties of the metamaterial spunbonded fabric. On the basis of this effect, the thickness of the fiber-free spunbond layer needs to be limited. When the thickness is too low (<30μm), it cannot play a good ultraviolet reflection effect, and when the thickness is too high (>100μm), the visible-near infrared band will be enhanced. (400-2500nm) absorption. Therefore, the thickness of the undoped spunbond layer is preferably 30-100 μm. Compared with fully doped metamaterial spunbond nonwovens, the tensile strength is improved.
在一个具体实施方式中，所述超材料纺粘布由包括下述步骤的制备方法制得：In a specific embodiment, the supermaterial spunbonded cloth is made by a preparation method comprising the following steps:
步骤一：将聚合物基底材料和微纳颗粒混合形成全光谱反射复合材料，所述微纳颗粒的平均粒径为100-3000nm；Step 1: mixing the polymer base material and micro-nano particles to form a full-spectrum reflective composite material, the average particle size of the micro-nano particles is 100-3000nm;
步骤二：将所述全光谱反射复合材料通过熔喷模头喷出形成熔体细流；Step 2: Extruding the full-spectrum reflective composite material through a melt-blown die to form a thin stream of melt;
步骤三：所述熔体细流在所述熔喷模头出口处与高速热气流相遇，所述熔体细流经所述高速热气流牵伸细化，纺丝得到超材料纤维，所述超材料纤维均匀落在接收装置的卷帘滚筒上形成超材料纺粘布。Step 3: The melt stream meets the high-speed hot air flow at the outlet of the melt-blown die head, the melt stream is drawn and refined by the high-speed hot air stream, and spun to obtain supermaterial fibers. The supermaterial fibers evenly fall on the roller of the receiving device to form a supermaterial spunbond fabric.
在一个具体实施方式中，将全光谱反射复合材料混合好之后，可以冷却备用。在需要时，对全光谱反射复合材料进行加热，形成熔融体，再进行步骤二的操作。In a specific embodiment, after the full-spectrum reflective composite material is mixed, it can be cooled for use. When necessary, the full-spectrum reflective composite material is heated to form a molten body, and then the operation in step 2 is performed.
在一个具体实施方式中，步骤一中，聚合物基底材料在大气窗口波段(8-13μm)具有高发射率。可选地，聚合物基底材料可以包括含有C-F、C＝O、-CH 3、-CH、C–O和C–C官能团中任意一种或两种以上的有机高分子材料。 In a specific embodiment, in step 1, the polymer base material has a high emissivity in the atmospheric window band (8-13 μm). Optionally, the polymer base material may include organic polymer materials containing any one or more than two of CF, C=O, —CH 3 , —CH, C—O and C—C functional groups.
在一个具体实施方式中，步骤一中，微纳颗粒的平均粒径可以为100-3000nm。优选地，微纳颗粒的平均粒径为200-1000nm，进一步优选为400-700nm，示例性地，微纳颗粒的直径为200nm、210nm、230nm、250nm、300nm、400nm、450nm、500nm、550nm、600nm、650nm、700nm、800nm、900nm、950nm、970nm、990nm、1000nm等，优选地，微纳颗粒的平均粒径为500nm。In a specific embodiment, in Step 1, the average particle size of the micro-nano particles may be 100-3000 nm. Preferably, the average particle diameter of the micro-nano particles is 200-1000nm, more preferably 400-700nm. 600nm, 650nm, 700nm, 800nm, 900nm, 950nm, 970nm, 990nm, 1000nm, etc. Preferably, the average particle size of the micro-nano particles is 500nm.
在一个具体实施方式中，步骤二中，熔融体经熔体过滤器过滤，再经计量泵定量挤出，挤出的熔融通过熔喷模头喷出形成熔体细流。熔体细流的纺丝温度参考聚合物基底材料的熔点进行设定。In a specific embodiment, in step 2, the melt is filtered through a melt filter, and then quantitatively extruded through a metering pump, and the extruded melt is sprayed out through a melt-blowing die to form a thin stream of melt. The spinning temperature of the melt stream is set with reference to the melting point of the polymer base material.
在一个具体实施方式中，步骤二中，熔体细流的纺丝温度为170-300℃。示例性地，纺丝温度可以为170℃、200℃、220℃、250℃、270℃、300℃等。In a specific embodiment, in step 2, the spinning temperature of the melt stream is 170-300°C. Exemplarily, the spinning temperature may be 170°C, 200°C, 220°C, 250°C, 270°C, 300°C, etc.
在一个具体实施方式中，步骤二中，计量泵流速为15-40r/min，示例性地，计量泵流速为可以为15r/min、20r/min、25r/min、30r/min、35r/min、40r/min等，优选为20-30r/min。In a specific embodiment, in step 2, the flow rate of the metering pump is 15-40r/min. Exemplarily, the flow rate of the metering pump can be 15r/min, 20r/min, 25r/min, 30r/min, 35r/min , 40r/min, etc., preferably 20-30r/min.
在一个具体实施方式中，步骤三中，所述熔体细流在所述熔喷模头出口处与高速热气流相遇，所述熔体细流经所述高速热气流牵伸细化，纺丝得到超材料纤维，所述超材料纤维均匀落在接收装置的卷帘滚筒上，当在滚筒上快速滚动一周，则落在卷帘滚筒上的超材料纤维形成单层纤维纺粘层。In a specific embodiment, in step 3, the melt stream meets the high-speed hot air flow at the outlet of the melt blown die head, and the melt stream is drawn and refined by the high-speed hot air stream, and spun The supermaterial fibers are obtained from the filaments, and the supermaterial fibers evenly fall on the rolling roller of the receiving device. When the roller rolls quickly for one week, the supermaterial fibers falling on the rolling roller form a single-layer fiber spunbond layer.
在一个具体实施方式中，步骤三中，所述熔体细流在所述熔喷模头出口处与高速热气流相遇，所述熔体细流经所述高速热气流牵伸细化，纺丝得到超材 料纤维，所述超材料纤维均匀落在接收装置的卷帘滚筒上，控制卷帘滚筒的圈数N，通过反复熔喷，以获得包括N个单层纤维纺粘层的超材料纺粘布。In a specific embodiment, in step 3, the melt stream meets the high-speed hot air flow at the outlet of the melt blown die head, and the melt stream is drawn and refined by the high-speed hot air stream, and spun The supermaterial fiber is obtained by silk, and the supermaterial fiber evenly falls on the rolling roller of the receiving device, the number of turns N of the rolling roller is controlled, and the supermaterial comprising N single-layer fiber spunbond layers is obtained by repeated melt blowing. Spunbond.
在一个具体实施方式中，热气流温度参考聚合物基底材料的熔点进行设定。具体地，高速热气流温度为160-485℃，示例性地，高速热气流温度可以为160℃、200℃、250℃、300℃、350℃、400℃、450℃、485℃等。In a specific embodiment, the thermal gas temperature is set with reference to the melting point of the polymeric substrate material. Specifically, the temperature of the high-speed hot air flow is 160-485°C. Exemplarily, the temperature of the high-speed hot air flow can be 160°C, 200°C, 250°C, 300°C, 350°C, 400°C, 450°C, 485°C, etc.
在一个具体实施方式中，接收距离为30-70cm，示例性地，接收距离，所述接收距离为熔喷摸头与卷帘滚筒纤维接收面的距离可以为30cm、40cm、50cm、60cm、70cm等，其中，优选为40-60cm；卷帘滚筒的卷绕速度为5-45m/min，例如，卷绕速度可以为5m/min、10m/min、15m/min、20m/min、25m/min、30m/min、35m/min、40m/min、45m/min等，其中，优选为15-35m/min。In a specific embodiment, the receiving distance is 30-70cm. Exemplarily, the receiving distance, the receiving distance can be 30cm, 40cm, 50cm, 60cm, 70cm, etc. , wherein, preferably 40-60cm; the winding speed of the roller blind cylinder is 5-45m/min, for example, the winding speed can be 5m/min, 10m/min, 15m/min, 20m/min, 25m/min, 30m/min, 35m/min, 40m/min, 45m/min, etc., among them, preferably 15-35m/min.
在一个具体实施方式中，在步骤三之后，还可以对超材料纺粘布进行热轧粘合加固，热轧温度参考聚合物基底材料的玻璃化转变温度进行设定。具体地，热轧机的热轧温度为30-150℃，例如可为30℃、60℃、90℃、120℃、150℃等；热轧机的卷绕速度为4-60m/min，例如，4m/min、10m/min、15m/min、20m/min、25m/min、30m/min、35m/min、40m/min、45m/min、50m/min、55m/min、60m/min等，优选为10-40m/min；热轧粘合后的超材料纺粘布厚度为0.1-1.5mm，例如，0.1mm、0.5mm、1.0mm、1.5mm，优选为0.5-1.5mm，进一步优选为0.6mm。In a specific embodiment, after step three, the supermaterial spunbonded fabric can also be bonded and reinforced by hot rolling, and the hot rolling temperature is set with reference to the glass transition temperature of the polymer base material. Specifically, the hot rolling temperature of the hot rolling mill is 30-150°C, such as 30°C, 60°C, 90°C, 120°C, 150°C, etc.; the coiling speed of the hot rolling mill is 4-60m/min, for example , 4m/min, 10m/min, 15m/min, 20m/min, 25m/min, 30m/min, 35m/min, 40m/min, 45m/min, 50m/min, 55m/min, 60m/min, etc., It is preferably 10-40m/min; the thickness of the supermaterial spunbond fabric after thermal calender bonding is 0.1-1.5mm, for example, 0.1mm, 0.5mm, 1.0mm, 1.5mm, preferably 0.5-1.5mm, more preferably 0.6mm.
通过热处理的方式，将各单层纤维纺粘层中的纤维聚合物软化，并通过物理方式进行粘结，待冷却固化后形成稳定的纤维网格结构以保持微纳颗粒高含量掺杂下超材料纺粘布的整体机械强度。Through heat treatment, the fiber polymer in each single-layer fiber spunbond layer is softened and bonded by physical means. After cooling and solidifying, a stable fiber grid structure is formed to maintain the high content of micro-nano particles. The overall mechanical strength of the material spunbond.
本申请的全光谱反射口罩，最外侧的全光谱反射层1由一种超材料纺粘布形成，超材料纺粘布包括至少一个单层纤维纺粘层，所述单层纤维纺粘层包括超材料纤维和所述超材料纤维交织叠合形成的孔隙，所述超材料纤维包括聚合物基底材料和微纳颗粒，分别通过控制反射孔隙的直径、反射孔隙的总体积占所述纺粘布体积的百分比、微纳颗粒的平均粒径、微纳颗粒的掺杂浓度、以及微纳颗粒和聚合物基底材料的种类，使得全光谱反射口罩的中红外(8-13μm)发射率达到90％以上，甚至可以达到95％，太阳辐射(0.3-2.5μm)反射率达到87％以上，甚至可以达到96％。In the full-spectrum reflective mask of the present application, the outermost full-spectrum reflective layer 1 is formed by a kind of supermaterial spunbond cloth, and the supermaterial spunbond cloth includes at least one single-layer fiber spunbond layer, and the single-layer fiber spunbond layer includes The supermaterial fiber and the pores formed by interweaving and lamination of the supermaterial fiber, the supermaterial fiber includes polymer base material and micro-nano particles, respectively by controlling the diameter of the reflective pore, the total volume of the reflective pore accounts for the total volume of the spunbonded cloth The percentage of volume, the average particle size of micro-nano particles, the doping concentration of micro-nano particles, and the types of micro-nano particles and polymer substrate materials make the mid-infrared (8-13 μm) emissivity of the full-spectrum reflective mask reach 90%. Above, even can reach 95%, solar radiation (0.3-2.5μm) reflectivity can reach more than 87%, even can reach 96%.
实施例Example
为了更好的说明本申请的技术方案和优点，下面将结合具体实施例对本申 请作进一步说明。本申请未详细说明的工艺参数、原料等均按照本领域常规技术手段进行。In order to better illustrate the technical solutions and advantages of the present application, the present application will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. Process parameters, raw materials, etc. that are not specified in this application are all carried out according to conventional technical means in this field.
下述实施例中，利用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪结合积分球测试全光谱反射口罩在中红外(8-13μm)波段的发射率；利用UV-VIS-NIR分光光度计结合积分球测试纺粘布在太阳辐射(0.3-2.5μm)波段的反射率。In the following examples, the emissivity of the full-spectrum reflective mask in the mid-infrared (8-13 μm) band is tested using a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer in conjunction with an integrating sphere; Reflectance in the solar radiation (0.3-2.5μm) band.
下述实施例中，各原料名称和来源如下：In the following examples, each raw material name and source are as follows:
二氧化钛(肖晁纳米，XH-TiO2-500)Titanium dioxide (Xiao Chao Nano, XH-TiO2-500)
氧化锌(宣城晶瑞新材料VK-J500)Zinc Oxide (Xuancheng Jingrui New Material VK-J500)
聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(嘉兴逸鹏化纤有限公司大有光切片)Polyethylene terephthalate (Jiaxing Yipeng Chemical Fiber Co., Ltd. bright slice)
聚丙烯(上海石化Y2600T)Polypropylene (Shanghai Petrochemical Y2600T)
聚偏氟乙烯(Solef 6008)Polyvinylidene fluoride (Solef 6008)
聚乳酸(道达尔LX175)Polylactic acid (Total LX175)
实施例1Example 1
本实施例的全光谱反射口罩的口罩本体包括：从外侧到内侧依次层叠设置的全光谱反射层1、过滤层2和皮肤接触层3；所述外侧为与空气接触的一侧，所述内侧为与使用者的脸部接触的一侧。The mask body of the full-spectrum reflective mask of the present embodiment includes: a full-spectrum reflective layer 1, a filter layer 2, and a skin contact layer 3 that are stacked sequentially from the outside to the inside; the outside is the side in contact with the air, and the inside It is the side that comes into contact with the user's face.
所述全光谱反射层1由超材料纺粘布形成，具体方法为：The full-spectrum reflective layer 1 is formed by a metamaterial spunbonded cloth, and the specific method is:
将600g的PET颗粒与400g粒径为0.1μm的TiO 2颗粒混合后加入双螺杆挤出机进料口，设置加热温度为280℃，挤出的熔融铸带通过常温水浴凝固，铸带通过引导轮至切片机进行切粒，得到无机微纳颗粒掺杂量为40％的全光谱反射复合材料。 Mix 600g of PET granules with 400g of TiO 2 granules with a particle size of 0.1μm and add them to the feed port of the twin-screw extruder. Turn to the slicer to cut into pellets to obtain a full-spectrum reflective composite material with an inorganic micro-nano particle doping amount of 40%.
将复合材料干燥后投入大螺杆中熔融挤出，设置加热温度为290℃，挤出的熔融体经熔体过滤器过滤，并经计量泵以15r/min的转速定量输送纺丝、冷却后进行气流牵引，得到超材料纤维并在接收距离为60cm的网帘上成网，卷帘滚筒的卷绕速度为30m/min；利用轧机进行热轧粘合加固，制得反射孔隙孔径为0.1-0.2μm、反射孔隙体积为50％的超材料纺粘布，即得到全光谱反射层1。After the composite material is dried, it is put into a large screw for melting and extrusion, and the heating temperature is set to 290°C. The extruded melt is filtered through a melt filter, and is quantitatively transported by a metering pump at a speed of 15r/min for spinning and cooling. The supermaterial fibers are obtained by airflow traction and formed into a web on a mesh curtain with a receiving distance of 60cm. The winding speed of the roller curtain roller is 30m/min; the rolling mill is used for hot rolling bonding and reinforcement, and the reflective pore diameter is 0.1-0.2 μm and a metamaterial spunbonded fabric with a reflective pore volume of 50%, that is, a full-spectrum reflective layer 1 is obtained.
全光谱反射层1的克重为120g/m 2。 The grammage of the full-spectrum reflective layer 1 is 120 g/m 2 .
所述过滤层2是由聚丙烯熔喷布形成的层。The filter layer 2 is a layer formed of polypropylene melt-blown cloth.
所述过滤层2的克重为40g/m 2。 The weight of the filter layer 2 is 40g/m 2 .
所述皮肤接触层3为由聚丙烯纺粘无纺布形成的层。The skin contact layer 3 is a layer formed of polypropylene spunbonded nonwoven fabric.
所述皮肤接触层3克重为25g/m 2。 The gram weight of the skin contact layer 3 is 25 g/m 2 .
实施例2Example 2
本实施例与实施例1的不同之处在于，超材料纺粘布的制备方法不同，具体为：The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the preparation method of the supermaterial spunbonded cloth is different, specifically:
将600g的PLA颗粒与400g粒径为0.2μm的TiO 2颗粒混合后加入双螺杆挤出机进料口，设置加热温度为200℃，挤出的熔融铸带通过常温水浴凝固，铸带通过引导轮至切片机进行切粒，得到无机微纳颗粒掺杂量为40％的全光谱反射复合材料。 Mix 600g of PLA particles with 400g of TiO2 particles with a particle size of 0.2μm and add them to the feed port of the twin-screw extruder. Turn to the slicer to cut into pellets to obtain a full-spectrum reflective composite material with an inorganic micro-nano particle doping amount of 40%.
将复合材料干燥后投入大螺杆中熔融挤出，设置加热温度为210℃，挤出的熔融体经熔体过滤器过滤，并经计量泵以15r/min的转速定量输送纺丝、冷却后进行气流牵引，得到超材料纤维并在接收距离为60cm的网帘上成网，卷帘滚筒的卷绕速度为30m/min；利用轧机进行热轧粘合加固，制得反射孔隙孔径为0.1-0.2μm、反射孔隙体积为50％的超材料纺粘布。After the composite material is dried, it is put into a large screw for melting and extrusion, and the heating temperature is set to 210°C. The extruded melt is filtered through a melt filter, and is quantitatively transported by a metering pump at a speed of 15r/min for spinning and cooling. The supermaterial fibers are obtained by airflow traction and formed into a web on a mesh curtain with a receiving distance of 60cm. The winding speed of the roller curtain roller is 30m/min; the rolling mill is used for hot rolling bonding and reinforcement, and the reflective pore diameter is 0.1-0.2 μm, 50% reflective pore volume metamaterial spunbond.
实施例3Example 3
本实施例与实施例1的不同之处在于，超材料纺粘布的制备方法不同，具体为：The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the preparation method of the supermaterial spunbonded cloth is different, specifically:
将600g的PLA颗粒与400g粒径为1μm的TiO 2颗粒混合后加入双螺杆挤出机进料口，设置加热温度为200℃，挤出的熔融铸带通过常温水浴凝固，铸带通过引导轮至切片机进行切粒，得到无机微纳颗粒掺杂量为40％的全光谱反射复合材料。 Mix 600g of PLA particles with 400g of TiO2 particles with a particle size of 1 μm and add them to the feed port of the twin-screw extruder. Set the heating temperature to 200°C. The extruded molten casting belt is solidified by a normal temperature water bath, and the casting belt passes through the guide wheel Go to a slicer for pelletizing to obtain a full-spectrum reflective composite material with an inorganic micro-nano particle doping amount of 40%.
将复合材料干燥后投入大螺杆中熔融挤出，设置加热温度为210℃，挤出的熔融体经熔体过滤器过滤，并经计量泵以40r/min的转速定量输送纺丝、冷却后进行气流牵引，得到超材料纤维并在接收距离为60cm的网帘上成网，卷帘滚筒的卷绕速度为30m/min；利用轧机进行热轧粘合加固，制得反射孔隙孔径为1-3μm、反射孔隙体积为50％的超材料纺粘布。After the composite material is dried, it is put into a large screw for melting and extrusion, and the heating temperature is set to 210°C. The extruded melt is filtered through a melt filter, and is quantitatively transported by a metering pump at a speed of 40r/min for spinning and cooling. The supermaterial fibers are drawn by airflow and formed into a web on a mesh curtain with a receiving distance of 60cm, and the winding speed of the roller curtain is 30m/min; hot-rolled and bonded by a rolling mill to obtain a reflective pore with a diameter of 1-3μm , A metamaterial spunbond fabric with a reflective pore volume of 50%.
实施例4Example 4
本实施例与实施例1的不同之处在于，超材料纺粘布的制备方法不同，具体为：The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the preparation method of the supermaterial spunbonded cloth is different, specifically:
将600g的PLA颗粒与400g粒径为3μm的TiO 2颗粒混合后加入双螺杆挤出机进料口，设置加热温度为200℃，挤出的熔融铸带通过常温水浴凝固，铸带通过引导轮至切片机进行切粒，得到无机微纳颗粒掺杂量为40％的全光谱反射复合材料。 Mix 600g of PLA granules with 400g of TiO2 granules with a particle size of 3μm and add them to the feed port of the twin-screw extruder. Go to a slicer for pelletizing to obtain a full-spectrum reflective composite material with an inorganic micro-nano particle doping amount of 40%.
将复合材料干燥后投入大螺杆中熔融挤出，设置加热温度为210℃，挤出的熔融体经熔体过滤器过滤，并经计量泵以15r/min的转速定量输送纺丝、冷却后进行气流牵引，得到超材料纤维并在接收距离为60cm的网帘上成网，卷帘滚筒的卷绕速度为30m/min；利用轧机进行热轧粘合加固，制得反射孔隙孔径为1-3μm、反射孔隙体积为50％的超材料纺粘布。After the composite material is dried, it is put into a large screw for melting and extrusion, and the heating temperature is set to 210°C. The extruded melt is filtered through a melt filter, and is quantitatively transported by a metering pump at a speed of 15r/min for spinning and cooling. The supermaterial fibers are drawn by airflow and formed into a web on a mesh curtain with a receiving distance of 60cm, and the winding speed of the roller curtain is 30m/min; hot-rolled and bonded by a rolling mill to obtain a reflective pore with a diameter of 1-3μm , A metamaterial spunbond fabric with a reflective pore volume of 50%.
实施例5Example 5
本实施例与实施例1的不同之处在于，超材料纺粘布的制备方法不同，具体为：The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the preparation method of the supermaterial spunbonded cloth is different, specifically:
将600g的PLA颗粒与400g粒径为0.5μm的TiO 2颗粒混合后加入双螺杆挤出机进料口，设置加热温度为200℃，挤出的熔融铸带通过常温水浴凝固，铸带通过引导轮至切片机进行切粒，得到无机微纳颗粒掺杂量为40％的全光谱反射复合材料。 Mix 600g of PLA particles with 400g of TiO2 particles with a particle size of 0.5μm and add them to the feed port of the twin-screw extruder. Turn to the slicer to cut into pellets to obtain a full-spectrum reflective composite material with an inorganic micro-nano particle doping amount of 40%.
将复合材料干燥后投入大螺杆中熔融挤出，设置加热温度为210℃，挤出的熔融体经熔体过滤器过滤，并经计量泵以30r/min的转速定量输送纺丝、冷却后进行气流牵引，得到超材料纤维并在接收距离为40cm的网帘上成网，卷帘滚筒的卷绕速度为30m/min；利用轧机进行热轧粘合加固，制得反射孔隙孔径为0.4-0.7μm、反射孔隙体积为50％的超材料纺粘布。After the composite material is dried, it is put into a large screw for melting and extrusion, and the heating temperature is set to 210°C. The extruded melt is filtered through a melt filter, and is quantitatively transported by a metering pump at a speed of 30r/min for spinning and cooling. The supermaterial fibers are drawn by air flow and formed into a web on a mesh curtain with a receiving distance of 40cm, and the winding speed of the roller curtain is 30m/min; hot-rolled bonding and reinforcement are carried out by a rolling mill to obtain a reflective pore with a diameter of 0.4-0.7 μm, 50% reflective pore volume metamaterial spunbond.
实施例6Example 6
本实施例与实施例1的不同之处在于，超材料纺粘布的制备方法不同，具体为：The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the preparation method of the supermaterial spunbonded cloth is different, specifically:
将600g的PLA颗粒与400g粒径为0.35μm的TiO 2颗粒混合后加入双螺杆挤出机进料口，设置加热温度为200℃，挤出的熔融铸带通过常温水浴凝固，铸带通过引导轮至切片机进行切粒，得到无机微纳颗粒掺杂量为40％的全光谱反射复合材料。 Mix 600g of PLA particles with 400g of TiO2 particles with a particle size of 0.35μm and add them to the feed port of the twin-screw extruder. Turn to the slicer to cut into pellets to obtain a full-spectrum reflective composite material with an inorganic micro-nano particle doping amount of 40%.
将复合材料干燥后投入大螺杆中熔融挤出，设置加热温度为210℃，挤出的熔融体经熔体过滤器过滤，并经计量泵以30r/min的转速定量输送纺丝、冷却后进行气流牵引，得到超材料纤维并在接收距离为45cm的网帘上成网，卷帘滚筒的卷绕速度为25m/min；利用轧机进行热轧粘合加固，制得反射孔隙孔径为0.3-0.9μm、反射孔隙体积为50％的超材料纺粘布。After the composite material is dried, it is put into a large screw for melting and extrusion, and the heating temperature is set to 210°C. The extruded melt is filtered through a melt filter, and is quantitatively transported by a metering pump at a speed of 30r/min for spinning and cooling. The supermaterial fibers are obtained by airflow traction and formed into a net on a mesh curtain with a receiving distance of 45cm, and the winding speed of the roller curtain is 25m/min; the rolling mill is used for hot-rolling bonding and reinforcement, and the reflective pore diameter is 0.3-0.9 μm, 50% reflective pore volume metamaterial spunbond.
实施例7Example 7
本实施例与实施例1的不同之处在于，超材料纺粘布的制备方法不同，具体为：The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the preparation method of the supermaterial spunbonded cloth is different, specifically:
将600g的PLA颗粒与400g粒径为0.5μm的TiO 2颗粒混合后加入双螺杆挤出机进料口，设置加热温度为200℃，挤出的熔融铸带通过常温水浴凝固，铸带通过引导轮至切片机进行切粒，得到无机微纳颗粒掺杂量为40％的全光谱反射复合材料。 Mix 600g of PLA particles with 400g of TiO2 particles with a particle size of 0.5μm and add them to the feed port of the twin-screw extruder. Turn to the slicer to cut into pellets to obtain a full-spectrum reflective composite material with an inorganic micro-nano particle doping amount of 40%.
将复合材料干燥后投入大螺杆中熔融挤出，设置加热温度为210℃，挤出的熔融体经熔体过滤器过滤，并经计量泵以30r/min的转速定量输送纺丝、冷却后进行气流牵引，得到超材料纤维并在接收距离为40cm的网帘上成网，卷帘滚筒的卷绕速度为15m/min；利用轧机进行热轧粘合加固，制得反射孔隙孔径为0.4-0.7μm、反射孔隙体积为85％的超材料纺粘布。After the composite material is dried, it is put into a large screw for melting and extrusion, and the heating temperature is set to 210°C. The extruded melt is filtered through a melt filter, and is quantitatively transported by a metering pump at a speed of 30r/min for spinning and cooling. The supermaterial fibers are drawn by airflow and formed into a web on a mesh curtain with a receiving distance of 40cm, and the winding speed of the roller curtain is 15m/min; the rolling mill is used for hot rolling bonding and reinforcement, and the reflection pore diameter is 0.4-0.7 μm, 85% reflective pore volume metamaterial spunbond.
实施例8Example 8
本实施例与实施例1的不同之处在于，超材料纺粘布的制备方法不同，具体为：The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the preparation method of the supermaterial spunbonded cloth is different, specifically:
将950g的PLA颗粒与50g粒径为0.5μm的TiO 2颗粒混合后加入双螺杆挤出机进料口，设置加热温度为200℃，挤出的熔融铸带通过常温水浴凝固，铸带通过引导轮至切片机进行切粒，得到无机微纳颗粒掺杂量为40％的全光谱反射复合材料。 Mix 950g of PLA particles with 50g of TiO2 particles with a particle size of 0.5μm and add them to the feed port of the twin-screw extruder. Turn to the slicer to cut into pellets to obtain a full-spectrum reflective composite material with an inorganic micro-nano particle doping amount of 40%.
将复合材料干燥后投入大螺杆中熔融挤出，设置加热温度为210℃，挤出的熔融体经熔体过滤器过滤，并经计量泵以30r/min的转速定量输送纺丝、冷却后进行气流牵引，得到超材料纤维并在接收距离为40cm的网帘上成网，卷帘滚筒的卷绕速度为30m/min；利用轧机进行热轧粘合加固，制得反射孔隙孔径为0.4-0.7μm、反射孔隙体积为50％的超材料纺粘布。After the composite material is dried, it is put into a large screw for melting and extrusion, and the heating temperature is set to 210°C. The extruded melt is filtered through a melt filter, and is quantitatively transported by a metering pump at a speed of 30r/min for spinning and cooling. The supermaterial fibers are drawn by air flow and formed into a web on a mesh curtain with a receiving distance of 40cm, and the winding speed of the roller curtain is 30m/min; hot-rolled bonding and reinforcement are carried out by a rolling mill to obtain a reflective pore with a diameter of 0.4-0.7 μm, 50% reflective pore volume metamaterial spunbond.
实施例9Example 9
本实施例与实施例1的不同之处在于，超材料纺粘布的制备方法不同，具体为：The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the preparation method of the supermaterial spunbonded cloth is different, specifically:
将600g的PLA颗粒与400g粒径为0.5μm的TiO 2颗粒混合后加入双螺杆挤出机进料口，设置加热温度为200℃，挤出的熔融铸带通过常温水浴凝固，铸带通过引导轮至切片机进行切粒，得到无机微纳颗粒掺杂量为40％的全光谱反射复合材料。 Mix 600g of PLA particles with 400g of TiO2 particles with a particle size of 0.5μm and add them to the feed port of the twin-screw extruder. Turn to the slicer to cut into pellets to obtain a full-spectrum reflective composite material with an inorganic micro-nano particle doping amount of 40%.
将复合材料干燥后投入大螺杆中熔融挤出，设置加热温度为210℃，挤出的熔融体经熔体过滤器过滤，并经计量泵以30r/min的转速定量输送纺丝、冷却后进行气流牵引，得到超材料纤维并在接收距离为40cm的网帘上成网，卷帘滚筒的卷绕速度为30m/min；利用轧机进行热轧粘合加固，制得反射孔隙孔径为0.4-0.7μm、反射孔隙体积为50％的超材料纺粘布。After the composite material is dried, it is put into a large screw for melting and extrusion, and the heating temperature is set to 210°C. The extruded melt is filtered through a melt filter, and is quantitatively transported by a metering pump at a speed of 30r/min for spinning and cooling. The supermaterial fibers are drawn by air flow and formed into a web on a mesh curtain with a receiving distance of 40cm, and the winding speed of the roller curtain is 30m/min; hot-rolled bonding and reinforcement are carried out by a rolling mill to obtain a reflective pore with a diameter of 0.4-0.7 μm, 50% reflective pore volume metamaterial spunbond.
实施例10Example 10
本实施例与实施例1的不同之处在于，超材料纺粘布的制备方法不同，具体为：The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the preparation method of the supermaterial spunbonded cloth is different, specifically:
将600g的PP颗粒与400g粒径为0.5μm的TiO 2颗粒混合后加入双螺杆挤出机进料口，设置加热温度为200℃，挤出的熔融铸带通过常温水浴凝固，铸带通过引导轮至切片机进行切粒，得到无机微纳颗粒掺杂量为40％的全光谱反射复合材料。 Mix 600g of PP particles with 400g of TiO2 particles with a particle size of 0.5μm and add them to the feed port of the twin-screw extruder. Turn to the slicer to cut into pellets to obtain a full-spectrum reflective composite material with an inorganic micro-nano particle doping amount of 40%.
将复合材料干燥后投入大螺杆中熔融挤出，设置加热温度为210℃，挤出的熔融体经熔体过滤器过滤，并经计量泵以30r/min的转速定量输送纺丝、冷却后进行气流牵引，得到超材料纤维并在接收距离为40cm的网帘上成网，卷帘滚筒的卷绕速度为30m/min；利用轧机进行热轧粘合加固，制得反射孔隙孔径为0.4-0.7μm、反射孔隙体积为50％的超材料纺粘布。After the composite material is dried, it is put into a large screw for melting and extrusion, and the heating temperature is set to 210°C. The extruded melt is filtered through a melt filter, and is quantitatively transported by a metering pump at a speed of 30r/min for spinning and cooling. The supermaterial fibers are drawn by air flow and formed into a web on a mesh curtain with a receiving distance of 40cm, and the winding speed of the roller curtain is 30m/min; hot-rolled bonding and reinforcement are carried out by a rolling mill to obtain a reflective pore with a diameter of 0.4-0.7 μm, 50% reflective pore volume metamaterial spunbond.
实施例11Example 11
本实施例与实施例1的不同之处在于，超材料纺粘布的制备方法不同，具体为：The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the preparation method of the supermaterial spunbonded cloth is different, specifically:
将600g的PLA颗粒与400g粒径为0.5μm的TiO 2颗粒混合后加入双螺杆挤出机进料口，设置加热温度为200℃，挤出的熔融铸带通过常温水浴凝固，铸带通过引导轮至切片机进行切粒，得到无机微纳颗粒掺杂量为40％的全光谱反射复合材料。 Mix 600g of PLA particles with 400g of TiO2 particles with a particle size of 0.5μm and add them to the feed port of the twin-screw extruder. Turn to the slicer to cut into pellets to obtain a full-spectrum reflective composite material with an inorganic micro-nano particle doping amount of 40%.
将复合材料干燥后投入大螺杆中熔融挤出，设置加热温度为210℃，挤出的熔融体经熔体过滤器过滤，并经计量泵以30r/min的转速定量输送纺丝、冷却后进行气流牵引，得到40％无机微纳颗粒掺杂的超材料纤维并在接收距离为40cm的网帘上成网，卷帘滚筒的卷绕速度为40m/min；再将原料换为PLA颗粒，在同一网帘上进行纺丝成网，卷帘滚筒的卷绕速度为15m/min；利用轧机进行热轧粘合加固，制得反射孔隙孔径为0.4-0.7μm、底层反射孔隙体积为15％、底层无机微纳颗粒掺杂量为40％、顶层反射孔隙体积为85％，顶层无机微纳颗粒掺杂量为0％的超材料纺粘布。After the composite material is dried, it is put into a large screw for melting and extrusion, and the heating temperature is set to 210°C. The extruded melt is filtered through a melt filter, and is quantitatively transported by a metering pump at a speed of 30r/min for spinning and cooling. Airflow traction, get 40% inorganic micro-nano particles doped supermaterial fibers and form a web on a mesh curtain with a receiving distance of 40cm, and the winding speed of the roller is 40m/min; then replace the raw material with PLA particles, The same mesh curtain is spun into a net, and the winding speed of the roller is 15m/min; the rolling mill is used for hot rolling bonding and reinforcement, and the reflective pore diameter is 0.4-0.7μm, and the bottom reflective pore volume is 15%. A metamaterial spun-bonded fabric with a doping amount of inorganic micro-nano particles at the bottom layer of 40%, a reflective pore volume of the top layer of 85%, and a doping amount of inorganic micro-nano particles at the top layer of 0%.
实施例12Example 12
本实施例与实施例1的不同之处在于，超材料纺粘布的制备方法不同，具体为：The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the preparation method of the supermaterial spunbonded cloth is different, specifically:
将950g的PVDF颗粒与50g粒径为0.5μm的TiO 2颗粒混合后加入双螺杆挤出机进料口，设置加热温度为210℃，挤出的熔融铸带通过常温水浴凝固，铸带通过引导轮至切片机进行切粒，得到无机微纳颗粒掺杂量为5％的全光谱反射复合材料。将600g的PVDF颗粒与400g粒径为0.5μm的TiO 2颗粒用相同步骤熔融挤出后得到无机微纳颗粒掺杂量为40％的全光谱反射复合材料。 Mix 950g of PVDF particles with 50g of TiO2 particles with a particle size of 0.5μm and add them to the feed port of the twin-screw extruder. Turn to the slicer to cut into pellets to obtain a full-spectrum reflective composite material with an inorganic micro-nano particle doping amount of 5%. 600g of PVDF particles and 400g of TiO 2 particles with a particle size of 0.5 μm were melt-extruded by the same procedure to obtain a full-spectrum reflective composite material with an inorganic micro-nano particle doping amount of 40%.
将无机微纳颗粒掺杂量为40％的复合材料干燥后投入大螺杆中熔融挤出，设置加热温度为220℃，挤出的熔融体经熔体过滤器过滤，并经计量泵以30r/min的转速定量输送纺丝、冷却后进行气流牵引，得到40％无机微纳颗粒掺杂的超材料纤维并在接收距离为40cm的网帘上成网，卷帘滚筒的卷绕速度为40m/min；再将原料换为无机微纳颗粒掺杂量为5％的全光谱反射复合材料，在同一网帘上进行纺丝成网，卷帘滚筒的卷绕速度为15m/min；利用轧机进行热轧粘合加固，制得反射孔隙孔径为0.4-0.7μm、底层反射孔隙体积为15％、底层无机微纳颗粒掺杂量为40％、顶层反射孔隙体积为85％，顶层无机微纳颗粒掺杂量为5％的超材料纺粘布。Dry the composite material with 40% doping amount of inorganic micro-nano particles and put it into the large screw for melting and extrusion. The heating temperature is set at 220°C. The rotation speed of min is quantitatively conveyed and spun, and after cooling, airflow traction is carried out to obtain 40% inorganic micro-nano particle-doped supermaterial fibers and form a web on a mesh curtain with a receiving distance of 40cm. The winding speed of the roller curtain drum is 40m/ min; then replace the raw material with a full-spectrum reflective composite material with an inorganic micro-nano particle doping amount of 5%, and spin it into a web on the same screen curtain, and the winding speed of the roller screen drum is 15m/min; Hot-rolled and bonded reinforcement, the reflective pore diameter is 0.4-0.7 μm, the bottom reflective pore volume is 15%, the bottom inorganic micro-nano particles doping amount is 40%, the top reflective pore volume is 85%, the top inorganic micro-nano particles Metamaterial spunbond with 5% doping.
实施例13Example 13
本实施例与实施例1的不同之处在于，超材料纺粘布的制备方法不同，具体为：The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the preparation method of the supermaterial spunbonded cloth is different, specifically:
取实施例2的全光谱反射复合材料以及实施例3的全光谱反射复合材料。Take the full-spectrum reflective composite material of Example 2 and the full-spectrum reflective composite material of Example 3.
将实施例3的全光谱反射复合材料干燥后投入大螺杆中熔融挤出，设置加热温度为210℃，挤出的熔融体经熔体过滤器过滤，并经计量泵以15r/min的转速定量输送纺丝、冷却后进行气流牵引，得到超材料纤维并在接收距离为60cm的网帘上成网，卷帘滚筒的卷绕速度为30m/min；再将原料换为实施例2的全光谱反射复合材料，将复合材料干燥后投入大螺杆中熔融挤出，设置加热温度为210℃，挤出的熔融体经熔体过滤器过滤，并经计量泵以40r/min的转速定量输送纺丝、冷却后进行气流牵引，得到超材料纤维并在接收距离为30cm的网帘上成网，卷帘滚筒的卷绕速度为30m/min；利用轧机进行热轧粘合加固，制得反射孔隙体积为50％、无机微纳颗粒掺杂量为40％、底层反射孔径为1-3μm，掺杂颗粒粒径为1μm，顶层反射孔径为0.1-0.2μm，掺杂颗粒粒径为0.2μm的超材料纺粘布。Dry the full-spectrum reflective composite material in Example 3 and put it into a large screw to melt and extrude it. Set the heating temperature to 210°C. The extruded melt is filtered through a melt filter and quantified by a metering pump at a speed of 15r/min. Conveying spinning, cooling, and air drafting to obtain supermaterial fibers and forming a web on a mesh curtain with a receiving distance of 60cm, the winding speed of the roller curtain drum is 30m/min; then the raw material is replaced with the full spectrum of Example 2 Reflective composite material, dry the composite material and put it into a large screw to melt and extrude, set the heating temperature to 210°C, the extruded melt is filtered through a melt filter, and quantitatively transported and spun by a metering pump at a speed of 40r/min , Airflow traction after cooling to obtain supermaterial fibers and form a web on a mesh curtain with a receiving distance of 30cm, and the winding speed of the curtain roller is 30m/min; use a rolling mill for hot rolling bonding and reinforcement to obtain a reflective pore volume 50%, the doping amount of inorganic micro-nano particles is 40%, the reflection aperture of the bottom layer is 1-3 μm, the particle size of the doped particles is 1 μm, the reflection aperture of the top layer is 0.1-0.2 μm, and the particle size of the doped particles is 0.2 μm. Material Spunbond.
实施例14Example 14
本实施例与实施例1的不同之处在于，超材料纺粘布的制备方法不同，具体为：The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the preparation method of the supermaterial spunbonded cloth is different, specifically:
取实施例2的全光谱反射复合材料以及实施例5的全光谱反射复合材料。Take the full-spectrum reflective composite material of Example 2 and the full-spectrum reflective composite material of Example 5.
将实施例5的全光谱反射复合材料干燥后投入大螺杆中熔融挤出，设置加热温度为210℃，挤出的熔融体经熔体过滤器过滤，并经计量泵以30r/min的转速定量输送纺丝、冷却后进行气流牵引，得到超材料纤维并在接收距离为60cm的网帘上成网，卷帘滚筒的卷绕速度为30m/min；再将原料换为实施例2的全光谱反射复合材料，将复合材料干燥后投入大螺杆中熔融挤出，设置加热温度为210℃，挤出的熔融体经熔体过滤器过滤，并经计量泵以40r/min的转速定量输送纺丝、冷却后进行气流牵引，得到超材料纤维并在接收距离为30cm的网帘上成网，卷帘滚筒的卷绕速度为30m/min；利用轧机进行热轧粘合加固，制得反射孔隙体积为50％、无机微纳颗粒掺杂量为40％、底层反射孔径为0.4-0.7μm，掺杂颗粒粒径为0.5μm，顶层反射孔径为0.1-0.2μm，掺杂颗粒粒径为0.2μm的超材料纺粘布。Dry the full-spectrum reflective composite material in Example 5 and put it into a large screw to melt and extrude it. Set the heating temperature to 210°C. The extruded melt is filtered through a melt filter and quantified by a metering pump at a speed of 30r/min. Conveying spinning, cooling, and air drafting to obtain supermaterial fibers and forming a web on a mesh curtain with a receiving distance of 60cm, the winding speed of the roller curtain drum is 30m/min; then the raw material is replaced with the full spectrum of Example 2 Reflective composite material, dry the composite material and put it into a large screw to melt and extrude, set the heating temperature to 210°C, the extruded melt is filtered through a melt filter, and quantitatively transported and spun by a metering pump at a speed of 40r/min , Airflow traction after cooling to obtain supermaterial fibers and form a web on a mesh curtain with a receiving distance of 30cm, and the winding speed of the curtain roller is 30m/min; use a rolling mill for hot rolling bonding and reinforcement to obtain a reflective pore volume 50%, the doping amount of inorganic micro-nano particles is 40%, the bottom reflective aperture is 0.4-0.7μm, the particle size of doped particles is 0.5μm, the reflective aperture of the top layer is 0.1-0.2μm, and the particle size of doped particles is 0.2μm supermaterial spunbond fabric.
实施例15Example 15
本实施例与实施例1的不同之处在于，超材料纺粘布的制备方法不同，具体为：The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the preparation method of the supermaterial spunbonded cloth is different, specifically:
取实施例2的全光谱反射复合材料以及实施例6的全光谱反射复合材料。Take the full-spectrum reflective composite material of Example 2 and the full-spectrum reflective composite material of Example 6.
将实施例6的全光谱反射复合材料干燥后投入大螺杆中熔融挤出，设置加热温度为210℃，挤出的熔融体经熔体过滤器过滤，并经计量泵以30r/min的转速定量输送纺丝、冷却后进行气流牵引，得到超材料纤维并在接收距离为45cm的网帘上成网，卷帘滚筒的卷绕速度为30m/min；再将原料换为实施例2的全光谱反射复合材料，将复合材料干燥后投入大螺杆中熔融挤出，设置加热温度为210℃，挤出的熔融体经熔体过滤器过滤，并经计量泵以15r/min的转速定量输送纺丝、冷却后进行气流牵引，得到超材料纤维并在接收距离为60cm的网帘上成网，卷帘滚筒的卷绕速度为30m/min；利用轧机进行热轧粘合加固，制得反射孔隙体积为50％、无机微纳颗粒掺杂量为40％、底层反射孔径为0.3-0.9μm，掺杂颗粒粒径为0.35μm，顶层反射孔径为0.1-0.2μm，掺杂颗粒粒径为0.2μm的超材料纺粘布。Dry the full-spectrum reflective composite material of Example 6 and put it into a large screw to melt and extrude it. Set the heating temperature to 210°C. The extruded melt is filtered through a melt filter and quantified by a metering pump at a speed of 30r/min. Conveying spinning, cooling, and airflow traction to obtain supermaterial fibers and forming a web on a mesh curtain with a receiving distance of 45cm, the winding speed of the roller curtain drum is 30m/min; then the raw material is replaced with the full spectrum of Example 2 Reflective composite material, dry the composite material and put it into a large screw to melt and extrude, set the heating temperature to 210°C, the extruded melt is filtered through a melt filter, and quantitatively transported and spun by a metering pump at a speed of 15r/min , After cooling, carry out airflow traction to obtain supermaterial fibers and form a web on a mesh curtain with a receiving distance of 60cm, and the winding speed of the curtain roller is 30m/min; use a rolling mill for hot rolling bonding and reinforcement to obtain a reflective pore volume 50%, the doping amount of inorganic micro-nano particles is 40%, the reflection aperture of the bottom layer is 0.3-0.9 μm, the particle size of the doped particles is 0.35 μm, the reflection aperture of the top layer is 0.1-0.2 μm, and the particle size of the doped particles is 0.2 μm supermaterial spunbond fabric.
实施例16Example 16
本实施例与实施例1的不同之处在于，超材料纺粘布的制备方法不同，具体为：The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the preparation method of the supermaterial spunbonded cloth is different, specifically:
取实施例3的全光谱反射复合材料以及实施例5的全光谱反射复合材料。Take the full-spectrum reflective composite material of Example 3 and the full-spectrum reflective composite material of Example 5.
将实施例5的全光谱反射复合材料干燥后投入大螺杆中熔融挤出，设置加热温度为210℃，挤出的熔融体经熔体过滤器过滤，并经计量泵以30r/min的转速定量输送纺丝、冷却后进行气流牵引，得到超材料纤维并在接收距离为40cm的网帘上成网，卷帘滚筒的卷绕速度为30m/min；再将原料换为实施例3的全光谱反射复合材料，将复合材料干燥后投入大螺杆中熔融挤出，设置加热温度为210℃，挤出的熔融体经熔体过滤器过滤，并经计量泵以40r/min的转速定量输送纺丝、冷却后进行气流牵引，得到超材料纤维并在接收距离为30cm的网帘上成网，卷帘滚筒的卷绕速度为30m/min；利用轧机进行热轧粘合加固，制得反射孔隙体积为50％、无机微纳颗粒掺杂量为40％、底层反射孔径为0.4-0.7μm，掺 杂颗粒粒径为0.5μm，顶层反射孔径为1-3μm，掺杂颗粒粒径为1μm的超材料纺粘布。Dry the full-spectrum reflective composite material in Example 5 and put it into a large screw to melt and extrude it. Set the heating temperature to 210°C. The extruded melt is filtered through a melt filter and quantified by a metering pump at a speed of 30r/min. Conveying spinning, cooling, and air drafting to obtain supermaterial fibers and forming a web on a mesh curtain with a receiving distance of 40cm, the winding speed of the roller curtain drum is 30m/min; then the raw material is replaced with the full spectrum of Example 3 Reflective composite material, dry the composite material and put it into a large screw to melt and extrude, set the heating temperature to 210°C, the extruded melt is filtered through a melt filter, and quantitatively transported and spun by a metering pump at a speed of 40r/min , Airflow traction after cooling to obtain supermaterial fibers and form a web on a mesh curtain with a receiving distance of 30cm, and the winding speed of the curtain roller is 30m/min; use a rolling mill for hot rolling bonding and reinforcement to obtain a reflective pore volume 50%, the doping amount of inorganic micro-nano particles is 40%, the reflection aperture of the bottom layer is 0.4-0.7 μm, the particle size of the doped particles is 0.5 μm, the reflection aperture of the top layer is 1-3 μm, and the particle size of the doped particles is 1 μm. Material Spunbond.
实施例17Example 17
本实施例与实施例1的不同之处在于，超材料纺粘布的制备方法不同，具体为：The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the preparation method of the supermaterial spunbonded cloth is different, specifically:
取实施例3的全光谱反射复合材料以及实施例6的全光谱反射复合材料。Take the full-spectrum reflective composite material of Example 3 and the full-spectrum reflective composite material of Example 6.
将实施例6的全光谱反射复合材料干燥后投入大螺杆中熔融挤出，设置加热温度为210℃，挤出的熔融体经熔体过滤器过滤，并经计量泵以30r/min的转速定量输送纺丝、冷却后进行气流牵引，得到超材料纤维并在接收距离为45cm的网帘上成网，卷帘滚筒的卷绕速度为30m/min；再将原料换为实施例3的全光谱反射复合材料，将复合材料干燥后投入大螺杆中熔融挤出，设置加热温度为210℃，挤出的熔融体经熔体过滤器过滤，并经计量泵以40r/min的转速定量输送纺丝、冷却后进行气流牵引，得到超材料纤维并在接收距离为30cm的网帘上成网，卷帘滚筒的卷绕速度为30m/min；利用轧机进行热轧粘合加固，制得反射孔隙体积为50％、无机微纳颗粒掺杂量为40％、底层反射孔径为0.3-0.9μm，掺杂颗粒粒径为0.35μm，顶层反射孔径为1-3μm，掺杂颗粒粒径为1μm的超材料纺粘布。Dry the full-spectrum reflective composite material of Example 6 and put it into a large screw to melt and extrude it. Set the heating temperature to 210°C. The extruded melt is filtered through a melt filter and quantified by a metering pump at a speed of 30r/min. Conveying spinning, cooling, and air drafting to obtain supermaterial fibers and forming a web on a mesh curtain with a receiving distance of 45cm, the winding speed of the roller curtain drum is 30m/min; then the raw material is replaced with the full spectrum of Example 3 Reflective composite material, dry the composite material and put it into a large screw to melt and extrude, set the heating temperature to 210°C, the extruded melt is filtered through a melt filter, and quantitatively transported and spun by a metering pump at a speed of 40r/min , Airflow traction after cooling to obtain supermaterial fibers and form a web on a mesh curtain with a receiving distance of 30cm, and the winding speed of the curtain roller is 30m/min; use a rolling mill for hot rolling bonding and reinforcement to obtain a reflective pore volume 50%, the doping amount of inorganic micro-nano particles is 40%, the reflection aperture of the bottom layer is 0.3-0.9 μm, the particle size of the doped particles is 0.35 μm, the reflection aperture of the top layer is 1-3 μm, and the particle size of the doped particles is 1 μm. Material Spunbond.
实施例18Example 18
本实施例与实施例1的不同之处在于，超材料纺粘布的制备方法不同，具体为：The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the preparation method of the supermaterial spunbonded cloth is different, specifically:
取实施例5的全光谱反射复合材料以及实施例6的全光谱反射复合材料。Take the full-spectrum reflective composite material of Example 5 and the full-spectrum reflective composite material of Example 6.
将实施例6的全光谱反射复合材料干燥后投入大螺杆中熔融挤出，设置加热温度为210℃，挤出的熔融体经熔体过滤器过滤，并经计量泵以30r/min的转速定量输送纺丝、冷却后进行气流牵引，得到超材料纤维并在接收距离为45cm的网帘上成网，卷帘滚筒的卷绕速度为30m/min；再将原料换为实施例5的全光谱反射复合材料，将复合材料干燥后投入大螺杆中熔融挤出，设置加热温度为210℃，挤出的熔融体经熔体过滤器过滤，并经计量泵以30r/min的转速定量输送纺丝、冷却后进行气流牵引，得到超材料纤维并在接收距离为40cm的网帘上成网，卷帘滚筒的卷绕速度为30m/min；利用轧机进行热轧粘合加固，制得反射 孔隙体积为50％、无机微纳颗粒掺杂量为40％、底层反射孔径为0.3-0.9μm，掺杂颗粒粒径为0.35μm，顶层反射孔径为0.4-0.7μm，掺杂颗粒粒径为0.5μm的超材料纺粘布。Dry the full-spectrum reflective composite material of Example 6 and put it into a large screw to melt and extrude it. Set the heating temperature to 210°C. The extruded melt is filtered through a melt filter and quantified by a metering pump at a speed of 30r/min. Conveying spinning, cooling, and airflow traction to obtain supermaterial fibers and forming a web on a mesh curtain with a receiving distance of 45cm, the winding speed of the roller curtain drum is 30m/min; then the raw material is replaced with the full spectrum of Example 5 Reflective composite material, dry the composite material and put it into a large screw to melt and extrude, set the heating temperature to 210°C, the extruded melt is filtered through a melt filter, and quantitatively transported and spun by a metering pump at a speed of 30r/min , After cooling, carry out airflow traction to obtain supermaterial fibers and form a web on a mesh curtain with a receiving distance of 40cm, and the winding speed of the curtain roller is 30m/min; use a rolling mill for hot rolling bonding and reinforcement to obtain a reflective pore volume 50%, the doping amount of inorganic micro-nano particles is 40%, the bottom reflective aperture is 0.3-0.9μm, the particle size of doped particles is 0.35μm, the reflective aperture of the top layer is 0.4-0.7μm, and the particle size of doped particles is 0.5μm supermaterial spunbond fabric.
实施例19Example 19
本实施例与实施例1的不同之处在于，超材料纺粘布的制备方法不同，具体为：The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the preparation method of the supermaterial spunbonded cloth is different, specifically:
将600g的PLA颗粒与400g粒径为0.5μm的TiO 2颗粒混合后加入双螺杆挤出机进料口，设置加热温度为200℃，挤出的熔融铸带通过常温水浴凝固，铸带通过引导轮至切片机进行切粒，得到无机微纳颗粒掺杂量为40％的全光谱反射复合材料。 Mix 600g of PLA particles with 400g of TiO2 particles with a particle size of 0.5μm and add them to the feed port of the twin-screw extruder. Turn to the slicer to cut into pellets to obtain a full-spectrum reflective composite material with an inorganic micro-nano particle doping amount of 40%.
将复合材料干燥后投入大螺杆中熔融挤出，设置加热温度为210℃，挤出的熔融体经熔体过滤器过滤，并经计量泵以30r/min的转速定量输送纺丝、冷却后进行气流牵引，得到超材料纤维并在接收距离为40cm的网帘上成网，卷帘滚筒的卷绕速度为45m/min；利用轧机进行热轧粘合加固，制得反射孔隙孔径为0.4-0.7μm、反射孔隙体积为10％的超材料纺粘布。After the composite material is dried, it is put into a large screw for melting and extrusion, and the heating temperature is set to 210°C. The extruded melt is filtered through a melt filter, and is quantitatively transported by a metering pump at a speed of 30r/min for spinning and cooling. The supermaterial fiber is drawn by airflow and formed into a web on a mesh curtain with a receiving distance of 40cm, and the winding speed of the roller curtain is 45m/min; the rolling mill is used for hot rolling bonding and reinforcement, and the reflection pore diameter is 0.4-0.7 μm, 10% reflective pore volume metamaterial spunbond.
实施例20Example 20
本实施例与实施例5的不同之处在于，微纳颗粒掺杂质量分数为10％。The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 5 is that the doping mass fraction of micro-nano particles is 10%.
实施例21Example 21
本实施例与实施例5的不同之处在于，微纳颗粒掺杂质量分数为20％。The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 5 lies in that the doping mass fraction of micro-nano particles is 20%.
实施例22Example 22
本实施例与实施例5的不同之处在于，反射孔隙直径为0.3-0.9μm。The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 5 lies in that the diameter of the reflective aperture is 0.3-0.9 μm.
实施例23Example 23
本实施例相对于实施例5的不同之处在于，反射孔隙直径为0.1-1μm。The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 5 is that the diameter of the reflective aperture is 0.1-1 μm.
实施例24Example 24
本实施例与实施例12的不同之处在于，聚合物基底材料为PLA，顶层单层纤维纺粘层中，微纳颗粒的质量为该层聚合物基底材料质量的40％。The difference between this example and Example 12 is that the polymer base material is PLA, and in the top single-layer fiber spunbond layer, the mass of micro-nano particles is 40% of the mass of the polymer base material of this layer.
实施例25Example 25
本实施例与实施例24的不同之处在于，各层中微纳颗粒的质量为该层聚合物基底材料质量的5％。The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 24 is that the mass of the micro-nano particles in each layer is 5% of the mass of the polymer base material of the layer.
实施例26Example 26
本实施例与实施例24的不同之处在于，各层中微纳颗粒的质量为该层聚合物基底材料质量的10％。The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 24 is that the mass of the micro-nano particles in each layer is 10% of the mass of the polymer base material of the layer.
实施例27Example 27
本实施例与实施例24的不同之处在于，顶层单层纤维纺粘层中，反射孔隙的体积占顶层单层纤维纺粘层体积的50％，不含微纳颗粒；底层单层纤维纺粘层中，反射孔隙的体积占该层体积的50％，微纳颗粒的质量为该层中聚合物基底材料质量的5％。The difference between this embodiment and Example 24 is that in the top single-layer fiber spunbond layer, the volume of reflective pores accounts for 50% of the volume of the top single-layer fiber spunbond layer, and does not contain micro-nano particles; In the sticky layer, the volume of reflective pores accounts for 50% of the volume of the layer, and the mass of micro-nano particles accounts for 5% of the mass of the polymer base material in the layer.
实施例28Example 28
本实施例与实施例11的不同之处在于，顶层单层纤维纺粘层中的反射孔隙的体积占顶层单层纤维纺粘层体积的20％，底层单层纤维纺粘层中的反射孔隙的体积占该层体积的20％。The difference between this embodiment and Example 11 is that the volume of the reflection voids in the top single-layer fiber spunbond layer accounts for 20% of the volume of the top single-layer fiber spunbond layer, and the reflection voids in the bottom single-layer fiber spunbond layer accounted for 20% of the volume of the layer.
实施例29Example 29
本实施例与实施例11的不同之处在于，底层单层纤维纺粘层中，反射孔隙的体积占该层体积的50％。The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 11 lies in that in the bottom single-layer fiber spunbond layer, the volume of reflective voids accounts for 50% of the volume of the layer.
实施例30Example 30
本实施例与实施例11的不同之处在于，顶层单层纤维纺粘层中的反射孔隙的体积占顶层单层纤维纺粘层体积的40％，底层单层纤维纺粘层中的反射孔隙的体积占该层体积的60％。The difference between this embodiment and Example 11 is that the volume of the reflective voids in the top single-layer fiber spunbond layer accounts for 40% of the volume of the top single-layer fiber spunbond layer, and the reflective voids in the bottom single-layer fiber spunbond layer accounted for 60% of the volume of the layer.
实施例31Example 31
本实施例与实施例12的不同之处在于，各层中反射孔隙直径均为0.3-0.9μm。The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 12 lies in that the diameters of the reflective pores in each layer are all 0.3-0.9 μm.
实施例32Example 32
本实施例与实施例12的不同之处在于，各层中微纳颗粒平均粒径均为0.1μm。The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 12 is that the average particle size of the micro-nano particles in each layer is 0.1 μm.
实施例33Example 33
本实施例与实施例12的不同之处在于，各层中微纳颗粒平均粒径均为3μm。The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 12 is that the average particle size of the micro-nano particles in each layer is 3 μm.
表1全光谱反射口罩的红外发射率和反射率测定结果Table 1 Infrared emissivity and reflectivity measurement results of full-spectrum reflective masks
Figure PCTCN2022108621-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2022108621-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2022108621-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2022108621-appb-000002
表1为各实施例和对比例的全光谱反射口罩的红外发射率和反射率测定结果。其中，对比例1为普通口罩样品(WELLDAY维德医疗医用外科口罩)，其纺粘布的聚合物基体材料为聚丙烯，未掺杂微纳颗粒，直径为100nm-3000nm的反射孔隙占比＜10％。Table 1 is the infrared emissivity and reflectance measurement results of the full-spectrum reflective masks of each embodiment and comparative examples. Among them, comparative example 1 is a common mask sample (WELLDAY Wei De Medical Medical Surgical Mask), the polymer matrix material of the spunbond fabric is polypropylene, no micro-nano particles are added, and the proportion of reflective pores with a diameter of 100nm-3000nm < 10%.
以上仅为本申请的可选实施例，并不用以限制本申请，凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。The above are only optional embodiments of the application, and are not intended to limit the application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the application shall be included in the protection scope of the application. Inside.

Claims (26)

  1. 一种全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，其包括口罩本体，所述口罩本体包括：从外侧到内侧依次层叠设置的全光谱反射层、过滤层和皮肤接触层；所述全光谱反射层由超材料纺粘布形成；A kind of full-spectrum reflective mouth mask, it is characterized in that, it comprises mouth mask body, and described mouth mask body comprises: the full-spectrum reflective layer, filter layer and skin contact layer that are stacked sequentially from outside to inside; Described full-spectrum reflective layer is made of super Material spunbond formation;
    所述超材料纺粘布包括至少一个单层纤维纺粘层，所述单层纤维纺粘层包括超材料纤维，所述超材料纤维交织叠合形成孔隙；The supermaterial spunbond cloth includes at least one single-layer fiber spunbond layer, the single-layer fiber spunbond layer includes supermaterial fibers, and the supermaterial fibers are interwoven and laminated to form pores;
    其中，所述孔隙中，直径为100-3000nm的孔隙为反射孔隙，所述反射孔隙的总体积占所述超材料纺粘布体积的10％-90％；Wherein, among the pores, pores with a diameter of 100-3000 nm are reflective pores, and the total volume of the reflective pores accounts for 10%-90% of the volume of the metamaterial spunbonded fabric;
    所述超材料纤维由包括聚合物基底材料和微纳颗粒的复合材料形成，所述微纳颗粒的平均粒径为100-3000nm。The metamaterial fiber is formed of a composite material including a polymer base material and micro-nano particles, and the average particle diameter of the micro-nano particles is 100-3000 nm.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，所述超材料纺粘布包括一个单层纤维纺粘层，所述超材料纤维由包括聚合物基底材料和微纳颗粒的复合材料形成。The full-spectrum reflective mouth mask according to claim 1, wherein the supermaterial spunbond cloth comprises a single-layer fiber spunbond layer, and the supermaterial fiber is composed of a composite material comprising a polymer base material and micro-nano particles form.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，所述超材料纺粘布包括两个以上单层纤维纺粘层，所述两个以上单层纤维纺粘层中的至少一个单层纤维纺粘层中的超材料纤维由包括聚合物基底材料和微纳颗粒的复合材料形成。The full-spectrum reflective mouth mask according to claim 1, wherein the supermaterial spunbonded cloth comprises two or more single-layer fiber spunbond layers, and at least one single layer in the two or more single-layer fiber spunbond layers Layer Fibers The metamaterial fibers in the spunbond layer are formed from a composite material comprising a polymer base material and micro-nano particles.
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，所述孔隙中，直径为100-1000nm的孔隙为反射孔隙，所述反射孔隙的总体积占所述超材料纺粘布体积的10％-90％；The full-spectrum reflective mask according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein in the pores, the pores with a diameter of 100-1000nm are reflective pores, and the total volume of the reflective pores accounts for 10% of the total volume of the metamaterial. 10%-90% of the volume of spunbond fabric;
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，所述孔隙中，直径为300-900nm的孔隙为反射孔隙，所述反射孔隙的总体积占所述超材料纺粘布体积的10％-90％；The full-spectrum reflective mask according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein in the pores, the pores with a diameter of 300-900nm are reflective pores, and the total volume of the reflective pores accounts for 10% of the total volume of the metamaterial. 10%-90% of the volume of spunbond fabric;
  6. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，所述孔隙中，直径为400-700nm的孔隙为反射孔隙，所述反射孔隙的总体积占所述超材料纺粘布体积的10％-90％。The full-spectrum reflective mask according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein in the pores, the pores with a diameter of 400-700nm are reflective pores, and the total volume of the reflective pores accounts for 10% of the total volume of the metamaterial. 10%-90% of the volume of spunbond fabric.
  7. 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，所述反射孔隙的总体积占所述超材料纺粘布体积的50％-85％。The full-spectrum reflective mask according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the total volume of the reflective pores accounts for 50%-85% of the volume of the supermaterial spunbonded fabric.
  8. 根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，所述 超材料纤维的单丝直径为2-40μm，所述纺粘布的克重为10-40g/m 2。 The full-spectrum reflective mask according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the monofilament diameter of the supermaterial fiber is 2-40 μm, and the grammage of the spunbonded cloth is 10-40g/m 2 .
  9. 根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，所述微纳颗粒的平均粒径为400-700nm。The full-spectrum reflective mask according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein the average particle diameter of the micro-nano particles is 400-700nm.
  10. 根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，所述微纳颗粒在太阳辐射波段的折射率高于所述聚合物基底材料在太阳辐射波段的折射率。The full-spectrum reflective mask according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the refractive index of the micro-nano particles in the solar radiation band is higher than the refractive index of the polymer base material in the solar radiation band.
  11. 根据权利要求1-10中任一项所述的全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，所述微纳颗粒选自二氧化钛(TiO 2)、硫化锌(ZnS)、碳化硅(SiC)、氮化硅(Si 3N 4)、氧化锌(ZnO)、氮化硼(BN)、硅酸铝(Al 2SiO 5)、硫酸钡(BaSO 4)、碳酸钙(CaCO 3)、氧化镁(MgO)、氧化铝(Al 2O 3)、碳酸镁(MgCO 3)、碳酸钡(BaCO 3)和硫酸钙(CaSO 4)中的任意一种或两种以上。 The full-spectrum reflective mask according to any one of claims 1-10, wherein the micro-nano particles are selected from titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ), zinc sulfide (ZnS), silicon carbide (SiC), silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ), zinc oxide (ZnO), boron nitride (BN), aluminum silicate (Al 2 SiO 5 ), barium sulfate (BaSO 4 ), calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ), magnesium oxide (MgO), Any one or two or more of aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), magnesium carbonate (MgCO 3 ), barium carbonate (BaCO 3 ) and calcium sulfate (CaSO 4 ).
  12. 根据权利要求1-11中任一项所述的全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，所述聚合物基底材料包括含有C-F、C＝O、-CH 3、-CH、C–O和C–C官能团中任意一种或两种以上的有机高分子材料。 The full-spectrum reflective mask according to any one of claims 1-11, wherein the polymer base material comprises CF, C=O,-CH 3 ,-CH, C-O and C-C Organic polymer materials with any one or more than two functional groups.
  13. 根据权利要求1-12中任一项所述的全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，所述聚合物基底材料选自聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)、氟树脂、聚丙烯(PP)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)、聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)、聚苯乙烯(PS)、聚酯和间苯二甲酸酯磺酸钠共聚物、丙烯酸酯共聚物、聚乙二醇(PEG)、聚对苯二甲酸丙二酯(PTT)、聚偏二氯乙烯树脂(PVDC)、醋酸乙烯酯树脂、聚乙烯醇(PVA)、聚乳酸(PLA)、聚氨酯(PU)、聚丙烯腈(PAN)、环烯烃类共聚物(COC)、聚碳酸酯(PC)、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)、苯乙烯二甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物(SMMA)、聚甲醛(POM)、聚苯醚(PPO)、聚酰亚胺(PI)、醋酸乙烯酯树脂、聚乙烯醇缩甲醛、聚醋酸乙烯酯(PVAC)和聚乙烯醇缩乙醛中的任意一种或两种以上。The full-spectrum reflective mask according to any one of claims 1-12, wherein the polymer base material is selected from polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), fluororesin, polypropylene (PP), poly Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS), polyester and sodium isophthalate sulfonate copolymer, acrylates Copolymer, polyethylene glycol (PEG), polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT), polyvinylidene chloride resin (PVDC), vinyl acetate resin, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polylactic acid (PLA) , polyurethane (PU), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), cycloolefin copolymer (COC), polycarbonate (PC), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), styrene dimethacrylate Copolymer (SMMA), polyoxymethylene (POM), polyphenylene oxide (PPO), polyimide (PI), vinyl acetate resin, polyvinyl formal, polyvinyl acetate (PVAC) and polyvinyl acetal Any one or two or more of acetaldehyde.
  14. 根据权利要求1-13中任一项所述的全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，所述聚合物基底材料的折射率与所述微纳颗粒的折射率之差大于0.6。The full-spectrum reflective mask according to any one of claims 1-13, wherein the difference between the refractive index of the polymer base material and the refractive index of the micro-nano particles is greater than 0.6.
  15. 根据权利要求3-14中任一项所述的全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，所述超材料纺粘布包括两个以上单层纤维纺粘层，所述两个以上单层纤维纺粘层中的至少一个单层纤维纺粘层中的超材料纤维由聚合物基底材料组成。The full-spectrum reflective mask according to any one of claims 3-14, wherein the metamaterial spunbond cloth comprises more than two single-layer fiber spunbond layers, and the more than two single-layer fiber spunbond layers At least one single layer of fibers in the layer The metamaterial fibers in the spunbond layer consist of a polymeric base material.
  16. 根据权利要求1-15中任一项所述的全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，所述微纳颗粒的质量为所述聚合物基底材料的质量的5％-40％。The full-spectrum reflective mask according to any one of claims 1-15, wherein the mass of the micro-nano particles is 5%-40% of the mass of the polymer base material.
  17. 根据权利要求1-16中任一项所述的全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，所述超材料纺粘布包括N个所述单层纤维纺粘层，N个所述单层纤维纺粘层层叠设置，N≥2；The full-spectrum reflective mask according to any one of claims 1-16, wherein the metamaterial spunbond cloth comprises N single-layer fiber spunbond layers, and N single-layer fiber spunbond layers Layer-by-layer setting, N≥2;
    优选地，N为5-2500。Preferably, N is 5-2500.
  18. 根据权利要求1-17中任一项所述的全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，所述超材料纺粘布的厚度为0.1-1.5mm。The full-spectrum reflective mask according to any one of claims 1-17, wherein the thickness of the metamaterial spunbonded cloth is 0.1-1.5mm.
  19. 根据权利要求17所述的全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，N个所述单层纤维纺粘层，各层中的微纳颗粒的质量占所述层中的聚合物基底材料的质量的百分比相同或不完全相同或完全不相同；full-spectrum reflection mouth mask according to claim 17, is characterized in that, N described single-layer fiber spun-bonded layers, the quality percentage of the micro-nano particle in each layer accounts for the mass percentage of the polymer base material in described layer the same or not identical or not at all;
  20. 根据权利要求17所述的全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，N个所述单层纤维纺粘层，各层中的反射孔隙的总体积占所述单层纤维纺粘层体积的百分比相同或不完全相同或完全不相同。The full-spectrum reflective mouth mask according to claim 17, wherein, for the N single-layer fiber spunbond layers, the total volume of the reflective pores in each layer accounts for the same or the same percentage of the volume of the single-layer fiber spunbond layer. Not exactly the same or not at all.
  21. 根据权利要求1-20中任一项所述的全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，所述超材料纺粘布由包括下述步骤的制备方法制得：The full-spectrum reflective mouth mask according to any one of claims 1-20, wherein said metamaterial spun-bonded cloth is made by a preparation method comprising the following steps:
    将聚合物基底材料和微纳颗粒混合形成全光谱反射复合材料，所述微纳颗粒的平均粒径为100-3000nm；Mixing the polymer base material and micro-nano particles to form a full-spectrum reflective composite material, the average particle size of the micro-nano particles is 100-3000nm;
    将所述全光谱反射复合材料通过熔喷模头喷出形成熔体细流；The full-spectrum reflective composite material is ejected through a melt-blown die to form a thin stream of melt;
    所述熔体细流在所述熔喷模头出口处与高速热气流相遇，所述熔体细流经所述高速热气流牵伸细化，纺丝得到超材料纤维，所述超材料纤维均匀落在接收装置的卷帘滚筒上形成超材料纺粘布。The melt stream meets the high-speed hot air flow at the outlet of the melt-blown die head, and the melt stream is drawn and thinned by the high-speed hot air stream, and spun to obtain supermaterial fibers, and the supermaterial fibers It falls evenly on the rolling roller of the receiving device to form a supermaterial spunbond fabric.
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，所述熔体细流的纺丝温度为170-300℃，高速热气流温度为160-485℃。The full-spectrum reflective mask according to claim 21, wherein the spinning temperature of the melt stream is 170-300°C, and the temperature of the high-speed hot air flow is 160-485°C.
  23. 根据权利要求21或22所述的全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，接收距离为30-70cm，所述卷帘滚筒的卷绕速度为5-45m/min。The full-spectrum reflective mask according to claim 21 or 22, wherein the receiving distance is 30-70cm, and the winding speed of the roller is 5-45m/min.
  24. 根据权利要求21-23中任一项所述的全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，控制卷帘滚筒的圈数N，以获得包括N个单层纤维纺粘层的所述超材料纺粘布。The full-spectrum reflective mouth mask according to any one of claims 21-23, wherein the number of turns N of the roller shutter cylinder is controlled to obtain the supermaterial spunbonded cloth comprising N single-layer fiber spunbonded layers .
  25. 根据权利要求21-24中任一项所述的全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，在形成超材料纺粘布后，所述方法还包括使用热轧机对所述超材料纺粘布进行热轧粘合加固，热轧机的热轧温度为30-150℃，热轧机的卷绕速度为4-60m/min。The full-spectrum reflective mask according to any one of claims 21-24, wherein, after forming the supermaterial spunbonded cloth, the method also includes using a hot rolling mill to heat the supermaterial spunbonded cloth. Roll bonding reinforcement, the hot rolling temperature of the hot rolling mill is 30-150°C, and the coiling speed of the hot rolling mill is 4-60m/min.
  26. 根据权利要求21-25中任一项所述的全光谱反射口罩，其特征在于，所 述过滤层为熔喷无纺布形成的层；The full-spectrum reflective mouth mask according to any one of claims 21-25, wherein the filter layer is a layer formed by melt-blown non-woven fabric;
    所述皮肤接触层为由选自纺粘无纺布、亲水纺粘无纺布、水刺无纺布、超柔纺粘无纺布中的一种形成的层；The skin contact layer is a layer formed by one of spunbond nonwoven fabric, hydrophilic spunbond nonwoven fabric, spunlace nonwoven fabric and super soft spunbond nonwoven fabric;
    所述口罩本体上还设置有可折叠的鼻夹；The mask body is also provided with a foldable nose clip;
    所述口罩本体的两端还设置有弹性绳。The two ends of the mask body are also provided with elastic cords.
PCT/CN2022/108621 2021-07-28 2022-07-28 Full-spectrum reflective face mask WO2023006032A1 (en)

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