WO2023005809A1

WO2023005809A1 - Message queuing telemetry transport network access method, and controller and gateway

Info

Publication number: WO2023005809A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/107189
Authority: WO
Inventors: 聂坤
Original assignee: 西门子（中国）有限公司
Priority date: 2021-07-30
Filing date: 2022-07-21
Publication date: 2023-02-02
Also published as: CN115695395A

Abstract

Disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention are a message queuing telemetry transport network access method, and a controller and a gateway. The method comprises: a controller in an MQTT network sending a QoS request carrying an identity (ID) to a first gateway to which a first client accesses, wherein the QoS request is used for the first gateway to broadcast a PING request to all broker servers in the MQTT network, to respectively calculate a transmission delay between the first gateway and each broker server according to a receiving timestamp of a PING response returned by each broker server and a sending timestamp of the PING request, and to send the transmission delay between the first gateway and each broker server to the controller; and the controller using a first broker server, which corresponds to the minimum transmission delay, as an access broker server of the first gateway, and returning the address of the first broker server to the first gateway by carrying the address in a broker server access message, wherein the broker server access message is used for the first gateway to establish a connection with the first broker server. By means of the embodiments of the present invention, the QoS of an MQTT network is improved.

Description

Message queue telemetry transmission network access method, controller and gateway

technical field

The present invention relates to the technical field of data communication, especially MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport, message queue telemetry transmission) network access method, controller, gateway and readable storage medium, electronic equipment and computer program products.

Background technique

MQTT is a "lightweight" communication protocol based on the publish/subscribe model, which is built on the TCP/IP protocol. The biggest advantage of MQTT is that it can provide real-time and reliable message services for connected remote devices with very little code and limited bandwidth. As a low-overhead, low-bandwidth instant messaging protocol, it has a wide range of applications in the Internet of Things, small devices, and mobile applications.

MQTT is a client-server based message publish/subscribe transport protocol. The realization of the MQTT protocol requires the completion of communication between the client and the server. During the communication process, there are three identities in the MQTT protocol: Publisher, Broker, and Subscriber. Among them, the publisher and subscriber of the message are clients, the agent is the server, and the publisher of the message can be a subscriber at the same time. The message transmitted by MQTT is divided into two parts: topic (Topic) and load (payload). Topic can be understood as the type of message. After subscribing, the subscriber will receive the message content (payload) of the topic. MQTT will build the underlying network transmission, which will establish a connection from the client to the server and provide an ordered, lossless, byte-stream-based bidirectional transmission between the two. When data is sent through the MQTT network, MQTT will associate the related quality of service (QoS) with the topic (Topic).

The Internet of Things and edge computing present its own set of challenges. Network topologies are highly dynamic and susceptible to numerous disturbances. Client mobility and dynamic resource availability are prominent challenges for edge computing architectures.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the embodiment of the present invention proposes an MQTT network access method on the one hand, and proposes an MQTT controller, a gateway and a readable storage medium, electronic equipment and computer program products on the other hand, so as to improve the QOS of the MQTT network.

In the first aspect, an MQTT network access method for message queue telemetry transmission is provided, including:

The controller in the MQTT network sends a quality of service QOS request carrying the identity ID to the first gateway accessed by the first client, and the QOS request is used for: the first gateway broadcasts to all proxy servers in the MQTT network carrying the the PING request of the identity ID, and according to the receiving timestamp of the PING response carrying the identity ID returned by each proxy server and the sending timestamp of the PING request, respectively calculate the transmission delay between the first gateway and each proxy server, and sending the transmission delay between the first gateway and each proxy server to the controller;

The controller receives the transmission delay between the first gateway and each proxy server sent by the first gateway, and selects the smallest transmission delay among the transmission delays between the first gateway and each proxy server;

The controller uses the first proxy server corresponding to the minimum transmission delay as the access proxy server of the first gateway, carries the address of the first proxy server in the proxy server access message and returns it to the first gateway, and the proxy server access The message is used for: the first gateway establishes a connection with the first proxy server.

In the second aspect, a message queue telemetry transmission MQTT network access method is provided, including:

The first gateway accessed by the first client in the MQTT network receives the quality of service QOS request carrying the identity ID sent by the controller;

The first gateway broadcasts the PING request carrying the ID to all proxy servers in the MQTT network;

The first gateway calculates the transmission delay between the first gateway and each proxy server respectively according to the receiving timestamp of the PING response carrying the identity ID returned by each proxy server and the sending timestamp of the PING request;

The first gateway sends the transmission delay between the first gateway and each proxy server to the controller, and the transmission delay between the first gateway and each proxy server is used for: the controller communicates between the first gateway and each proxy server Select the smallest transmission delay among the transmission delays between them, and use the first proxy server corresponding to the smallest transmission delay as the access proxy server of the first gateway, and return the address of the first proxy server in the proxy server access message to the first gateway;

The first gateway receives the proxy server access message carrying the address of the first proxy server sent by the controller, and establishes a connection with the first proxy server.

In a third aspect, an MQTT controller for message queue telemetry transmission is provided, including a module for executing the method provided in the first aspect;

In a fourth aspect, a message queue telemetry transmission MQTT gateway is provided, including a module for performing the method provided in the second aspect;

The fifth aspect provides a message queue telemetry transmission MQTT network access system, including the MQTT controller provided by the third aspect and the MQTT gateway provided by the fourth aspect;

In a sixth aspect, there is provided a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium stores instructions, and when executed by a processor, the instructions cause the processor to perform the process described in the first aspect or the second aspect. The steps of the message queue telemetry transmission MQTT network access method.

In a seventh aspect, an electronic device is provided, including: a memory and a processor, the memory stores instructions, and when the instructions are executed by the processor, the processor executes the message described in the first aspect or the second aspect The steps of the queue telemetry transmission MQTT network access method.

In the eighth aspect, a computer program product is provided, including computer programs or instructions. When the computer program or instructions are executed by a processor, the steps of the message queue telemetry transmission MQTT network access method as described in the first aspect or the second aspect are implemented. .

In the above embodiment, the controller triggers the first gateway to measure the transmission delay between the first gateway and each proxy server through the QOS request, and selects the first proxy server corresponding to the minimum transmission delay as the access proxy of the first gateway Server, so that: the gateway can establish a connection with the proxy server with the smallest transmission delay, thereby ensuring the speed of subsequent message publishing and subscription, and improving the QOS of the MQTT network.

Optionally, after the controller carries the address of the first proxy server in the proxy server access message and returns it to the first gateway, the controller further includes:

The controller receives the first client's subscription request for the first topic forwarded by the first proxy server;

The controller establishes a bridging entry, and the bridging entry includes:

information indicating that the first proxy server is the target proxy server,

Information for indicating that all proxy servers except the first proxy server in the MQTT network are bridge proxy servers, and,

information indicating that the first subject is a shared subject;

The controller sends the bridging entry to all other proxy servers except the first proxy server in the MQTT network, and the bridging entry is used for:

When any other proxy server in the MQTT network except the first proxy server receives the first topic message sent by any MQTT client connected to the proxy server, each MQTT server connected to the proxy server maintained by itself will In the client's subscription table, find the MQTT client that has subscribed to the first topic, forward the first topic message to each found MQTT client, and at the same time, find the shared topic as the first topic in the bridging entry maintained by itself bridging table entry, and forward the first topic message to the target proxy server in each found bridging table entry, so that the target proxy server sends the first topic message to the MQTT client that has subscribed to the first topic.

In the above embodiment, the controller establishes bridges between different proxy servers by establishing bridging entries, so that when a proxy server receives the first topic message sent by a client, it can know which The proxy server accesses the clients subscribing to the first topic, so as to forward the first topic message to these proxy servers, and these proxy servers forward the first topic message to the clients subscribing to the first topic. Optionally, the controller receives the access request sent by the second proxy server, and establishes a bridging entry, where the bridging entry includes:

information indicating that the second proxy server is the target proxy server,

Information for indicating that all proxy servers in the MQTT network except the second proxy server are bridge proxy servers, and,

information indicating that all topics are shared topics;

The controller sends the bridging entry to all proxy servers in the MQTT network except the second proxy server.

In the above embodiment, when the second proxy server newly accesses the MQTT network, if a client newly migrates to the second proxy server, it can be ensured that all topic messages subscribed by the client will be received.

Optionally, the controller sends a QOS request carrying an ID to the first gateway accessed by the first client, including:

The controller generates an identity ID for the gateway of each client in the MQTT network at every preset second time interval, and sends a QOS request message carrying the identity ID generated for the gateway to the gateway of each client, so Each client described above comprises a first MQTT client.

In the above embodiment, the controller periodically notifies the gateway of each client to measure the transmission delay between it and each proxy server, and selects the proxy server corresponding to the minimum transmission delay for each gateway as the latest proxy server, and then notifies each client The gateway establishes a connection with the latest proxy server, so that each gateway is migrated from the current proxy server to the latest proxy server, thereby ensuring that the gateway can always establish a connection with the proxy server with the smallest transmission delay, thereby ensuring message publishing And the speed of subscription is always the highest, improving the QOS of the MQTT network.

Optionally, before the controller sends the QOS request carrying the identity ID to the first gateway accessed by the first client, the controller further includes:

The controller receives the proxy server assignment request sent by the first gateway, and assigns an ID to the first gateway; the proxy server assignment request is sent by the first gateway after receiving the access request sent by the first client.

In the above embodiments, when the client initially accesses the MQTT network, the gateway of the client selects the proxy server with the smallest transmission delay for access, thereby ensuring that the QOS of the MQTT network is always optimal.

Optionally, after the controller selects the smallest transmission delay among the transmission delays between the first gateway and each proxy server, the controller uses the first proxy server corresponding to the minimum transmission delay as the first gateway Before entering the proxy server, further include:

The controller queries the transmission delay between the first gateway and the third proxy server currently accessed by the first gateway, and determines whether the difference between the queried transmission delay and the minimum transmission delay is within a preset range, and if so , it is determined that the first gateway does not need to switch the access proxy server; otherwise, perform the action of using the first proxy server corresponding to the smallest transmission delay as the access proxy server of the first gateway.

The above-mentioned embodiment avoids frequent migration of the proxy server by the gateway, and achieves a balance between resource consumption and network QOS.

Optionally, the first gateway broadcasts the PING request carrying the identity ID to all proxy servers in the MQTT network, including:

The first gateway broadcasts a PING request carrying the identity ID to all proxy servers in the MQTT network every preset first time interval until the number of broadcasts reaches the preset number of times;

And, the first gateway separately calculating the transmission delay between the first gateway and each proxy server includes:

The first gateway respectively calculates the average transmission delay between the first gateway and each proxy server according to the sending timestamp of each sent PING request and the timestamp of each returned PING response by each proxy server.

In the above embodiment, the first gateway broadcasts the PING request carrying the ID multiple times, and calculates the first PING request according to the sending timestamp of the PING request sent each time and the timestamp of the PING response returned by each proxy server. The average transmission delay between the gateway and each proxy server improves the reliability of the calculated average transmission delay between the first gateway and each proxy server, thereby ensuring the QOS of the MQTT network.

Description of drawings

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those of ordinary skill in the art will be more aware of the above-mentioned and other features and advantages of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of MQTT network among the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the flowchart of the MQTT network access method provided by the first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the MQTT network access method provided by the second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the MQTT network access method provided by the third embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the MQTT network access method provided by the fourth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an MQTT controller provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an MQTT gateway provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein, the reference signs are as follows:

标号label	含义meaning
1111	客户端 client
1212	网关 gateway
1313	代理服务器 proxy server
1414	控制器 controller
201～203201～203	步骤 step
301～306301～306	步骤 step
401～405401～405	步骤 step
501～506501～506	步骤 step
6060	MQTT控制器 MQTT controller
6161	QOS检测触发模块QOS detection trigger module
6262	代理服务器选择模块Proxy server selection module
6363	桥接表项维护模块Bridge entry maintenance module
7070	MQTT网关 MQTT gateway
7171	QOS消息收发模块 QOS messaging module
7272	传输延迟计算模块Transmission Delay Calculation Module
8181	处理器 processor
8282	存储器 memory
8383	电源power supply
8484	输入输出单元I/O unit

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following examples are given to further describe the present invention in detail.

In the existing MQTT network, after the client establishes a connection with a proxy server, the client will always publish and subscribe messages through the proxy server. The inventor found through the monitoring of the MQTT network: due to various reasons such as: network transmission congestion, the load of the proxy server itself increases, etc., the transmission delay between the proxy server and the client will change. If the fixed connection between them remains unchanged, the efficiency of message publishing and subscription in the MQTT network will decrease. Therefore, the inventor proposes an embodiment of the present invention to improve the QOS of the MQTT network when the transmission delay changes.

Fig. 1 is the architectural diagram of MQTT network among the present invention, and MQTT network mainly comprises four components:

1. Client 11: can be a publisher or/and subscriber of a message;

2. Gateway 12: one-to-one binding with clients 11, one client 11 is uniquely bound to one gateway 12; used to dynamically connect a client 11 to a proxy server 13;

3. Proxy server 13: used as a bridge between the publisher and the subscriber, and publishes the topic message sent by the publisher to the subscriber;

4. Controller 14: for maintaining and managing the connection status and connection relationship of the client 11, the gateway 12, and the proxy server 13.

Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the MQTT network access method provided by the first embodiment of the present invention, and its specific steps are as follows:

Step 201: The controller in the MQTT network sends a QOS request carrying an identity ID (identification) to the first gateway accessed by the first client, and the QOS request is used for: the first gateway broadcasts the carrying ID to all proxy servers in the MQTT network. The PING request of the identity ID, and according to the receiving timestamp of the PING response carrying the identity ID returned by each proxy server and the sending timestamp of the PING request, respectively calculate the transmission delay between the first gateway and each proxy server, and The transmission delay between the first gateway and each proxy server is sent to the controller.

Step 202: The controller receives the transmission delay between the first gateway and each proxy server sent by the first gateway, and selects the smallest transmission delay among the transmission delays between the first gateway and each proxy server.

Step 203: The controller uses the first proxy server corresponding to the minimum transmission delay as the access proxy server of the first gateway, carries the address of the first proxy server in the proxy server access message and returns it to the first gateway, and the proxy server The access message is used for: the first gateway establishes a connection with the first proxy server.

The beneficial technical effect of above-mentioned embodiment is as follows:

1. The controller triggers the first gateway to measure the transmission delay between the first gateway and each proxy server through the QOS request, and selects the first proxy server corresponding to the minimum transmission delay as the access proxy server of the first gateway, thereby This enables the gateway to establish a connection with the proxy server with the smallest transmission delay, thereby ensuring the speed of subsequent message publishing and subscription, and improving the QOS of the MQTT network.

Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the MQTT network access method provided by the second embodiment of the present invention, and its specific steps are as follows:

Step 301: The controller in the MQTT network sends a QOS request carrying the identity ID to the first gateway accessed by the first client, and the QOS request is used for: the first gateway broadcasts the identity ID to all proxy servers in the MQTT network PING request, and according to the receiving timestamp of the PING response carrying the identity ID returned by each proxy server and the sending timestamp of the PING request, respectively calculate the transmission delay between the first gateway and each proxy server, and calculate the first The transmission delay between the gateway and each proxy server is sent to the controller.

Step 302: The controller receives the transmission delay between the first gateway and each proxy server sent by the first gateway, and selects the smallest transmission delay among the transmission delays between the first gateway and each proxy server.

Step 303: The controller uses the first proxy server corresponding to the smallest transmission delay as the access proxy server of the first gateway, carries the address of the first proxy server in the proxy server access message and returns it to the first gateway, and the proxy server The access message is used for: the first gateway establishes a connection with the first proxy server.

Step 304: The controller receives the first client's subscription request for the first topic forwarded by the first proxy server.

Step 305: The controller establishes a bridging entry, the bridging entry includes: information indicating that the first proxy server is the target proxy server, and is used to indicate that all other proxy servers in the MQTT network except the first proxy server are bridging proxies The information of the server, and the information used to indicate that the first topic is a shared topic.

Step 306: The controller sends the bridging entry to all other proxy servers except the first proxy server in the MQTT network, and the bridging entry is used for: when any other proxy server in the MQTT network except the first proxy server When receiving the first topic message from any MQTT client connected to the proxy server, search for the MQTT client that has subscribed to the first topic in the subscription table of each MQTT client connected to the proxy server maintained by itself , forwarding the first topic message to each of the found MQTT clients, and at the same time, searching for a bridging entry whose shared topic is the first topic in the bridge entries maintained by itself, and forwarding the first topic message to each of the found The target proxy server in the bridging entry, so that the target proxy server sends the first topic message to the MQTT client that has subscribed to the first topic.

Compared with the first embodiment, the above embodiment further has the following beneficial technical effects:

2. The controller establishes a bridge between different proxy servers by establishing a bridging table entry, so that when a proxy server receives the first topic message sent by a client, it can know which proxy servers to accept according to the bridging table entry. Clients subscribed to the first topic are entered, so that the first topic message is forwarded to these proxy servers, and these proxy servers forward the first topic message to the clients subscribing to the first topic.

In practical applications, when a proxy server is newly connected to the MQTT network, in order to avoid the situation that a client newly migrates into the proxy server, thereby missing the topic message subscribed to the client, the embodiment of the present invention Given the following solution:

In an optional embodiment, the controller receives the access request sent by the second proxy server, and establishes a bridging entry, where the bridging entry includes: information for indicating that the second proxy server is the target proxy server, and for indicating that the MQTT Information that all proxy servers in the network except the second proxy server are bridge proxy servers, and information indicating that all topics are shared topics, and send the bridging entry to other proxy servers in the MQTT network except the second proxy server All proxy servers.

Through this embodiment, when any other proxy server in the MQTT network except the second proxy server receives a message of any topic sent by the client connected to the proxy server, according to the bridging entry maintained by itself, it will The target proxy server that finds this topic has a second proxy server, thereby sending the topic message to the second proxy server, and the second proxy server sends the topic message to the client that has subscribed to the topic under itself, thereby When a client newly migrates to the second proxy server, it can be guaranteed that the client can receive messages of all topics it subscribes to.

In order to update the connection relationship between the gateway of the client and the proxy server in time when the network conditions change, so that the gateway of the client can always be connected to the proxy server with the smallest transmission delay between them, the embodiment of the present invention provides The solution is as follows:

In step 201, the controller sends a QOS request carrying an ID to the first gateway accessed by the first client, including: the controller generates a QOS request for each client gateway in the MQTT network at a preset second time interval. ID of an identity, and send a QOS request message carrying the identity ID generated for the gateway to the gateway of each client, wherein each client includes the first MQTT client.

In addition, in order to ensure that the QOS of the MQTT network is always optimal, when the client initially accesses the MQTT network, the proxy server with the smallest transmission delay is selected for the gateway of the client to access. The specific implementation given by the embodiment of the present invention is as follows:

In step 201, before the controller sends the QOS request carrying the identity ID to the first gateway accessed by the first client, the controller further includes: the controller receives the proxy server assignment request sent by the first gateway, and assigns the identity ID to the first gateway ; The proxy server allocation request is sent by the first gateway after receiving the access request from the first client.

Considering that frequent proxy server migration will also consume the resources of the gateway and proxy server, in order to achieve a balance between resource consumption and network QOS, the embodiment of the present invention provides the following specific implementation:

In an optional embodiment, after step 202 and before step 203, it further includes: the controller inquires about the transmission delay between the first gateway and the third proxy server currently connected to the first gateway, and determines whether the queried transmission delay is consistent with the Whether the difference between the minimum transmission delays is within the preset range, if so, then determine that the first gateway does not need to switch the access proxy server, otherwise, perform the process of using the first proxy server corresponding to the minimum transmission delay as the first gateway Access to the action of the proxy server.

Fig. 4 is the flow chart of the MQTT network access method provided by the third embodiment of the present invention, and its specific steps are as follows:

Step 401: The first gateway accessed by the first client in the MQTT network receives the QOS request carrying the ID from the controller.

Step 402: The first gateway broadcasts a PING request carrying the ID to all proxy servers in the MQTT network.

Step 403: The first gateway respectively calculates the transmission delay between the first gateway and each proxy server according to the receiving timestamp of the PING response carrying the identity ID returned by each proxy server and the sending timestamp of the PING request.

Step 404: The first gateway sends the transmission delay between the first gateway and each proxy server to the controller, so that: the controller selects the smallest transmission delay among the transmission delays between the first gateway and each proxy server, and The first proxy server corresponding to the smallest transmission delay is used as the access proxy server of the first gateway, and the address of the first proxy server is carried in the proxy server access message and returned to the first gateway.

Step 405: The first gateway receives the proxy server access message carrying the address of the first proxy server sent by the controller, and establishes a connection with the first proxy server.

FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the MQTT network access method provided by the fourth embodiment of the present invention, and its specific steps are as follows:

Step 501: The first gateway accessed by the first client in the MQTT network receives the QOS request carrying the ID from the controller.

In practical applications, in two cases, the first gateway accessed by the first client in the MQTT network will receive the QOS request carrying the ID from the controller:

1. The first gateway receives the access request from the first client, and sends a proxy server allocation request to the controller. The controller receives the proxy server allocation request, generates an ID for the first gateway, and sends it to the first gateway. QOS request with identity ID;

2. The controller periodically generates a unique ID for each gateway in the MQTT network, carries the ID generated for each gateway in the QOS request sent to the corresponding gateway, and sends each QOS request.

Step 502: The first gateway broadcasts a PING request carrying the ID to all proxy servers in the MQTT network.

Step 503: The first gateway respectively calculates the transmission delay between the first gateway and each proxy server according to the receiving timestamp of the PING response carrying the identity ID returned by each proxy server and the sending timestamp of the PING request.

Step 504: The first gateway sends the transmission delay between the first gateway and each proxy server to the controller, so that: the controller selects the smallest transmission delay among the transmission delays between the first gateway and each proxy server, and The first proxy server corresponding to the smallest transmission delay is used as the access proxy server of the first gateway, and the address of the first proxy server is carried in the proxy server access message and returned to the first gateway.

In practical applications, in order to improve the accuracy of the transmission delay, the first gateway may broadcast a PING request carrying an ID to all proxy servers in the MQTT network every preset first time interval until the number of broadcasts reaches the preset number of times; Moreover, the first gateway respectively calculates the average transmission delay between the first gateway and each proxy server according to the sending timestamp of the PING request sent each time and the timestamp of the PING response returned by each proxy server.

Step 505: The first gateway receives the proxy server access message carrying the address of the first proxy server sent by the controller, and establishes a connection with the first proxy server.

Step 506: The first gateway receives the subscription request for the first topic sent by the first client, and forwards the subscription request to the MQTT controller via the first proxy server; the subscription request is used for:

The MQTT controller establishes a bridging entry according to the subscription request, and the bridging entry includes: information for indicating that the first proxy server is the target proxy server, and for indicating all other proxy servers in the MQTT network except the first proxy server It is the information of the bridge proxy server, and the information used to indicate that the first topic is a shared topic; and, the MQTT controller sends the bridging entry to all other proxy servers in the MQTT network except the first proxy server; and,

When any other proxy server in the MQTT network except the first proxy server receives the first topic message sent by any MQTT client connected to the proxy server, each MQTT server connected to the proxy server maintained by itself will In the client's subscription table, find the MQTT client that has subscribed to the first topic, forward the first topic message to each found MQTT client, and at the same time, find the shared topic as the first topic in the bridging entry maintained by itself The bridging table entry forwards the first topic message to the target proxy server in each found bridging table entry, so that the target proxy server sends the first topic message to the MQTT client that has subscribed to the first topic.

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an MQTT controller 60 provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The controller mainly includes:

The QOS detection trigger module 61 is configured to send a QOS request carrying an ID to the first gateway accessed by the first client, and the QOS request is used for: the first gateway broadcasts a QOS request carrying the ID to all proxy servers in the MQTT network. PING request, and according to the receiving timestamp of the PING response carrying the identity ID returned by each proxy server and the sending timestamp of the PING request, respectively calculate the transmission delay between the first gateway and each proxy server, and send the first gateway Transmission delays to and from each proxy server are sent to the controller.

Proxy server selection module 62 is used to receive the transmission delay between the first gateway and each proxy server sent by the first gateway, and select the minimum transmission delay in the transmission delay between the first gateway and each proxy server; The first proxy server corresponding to the transmission delay is used as the access proxy server of the first gateway, and returns the address of the first proxy server in the proxy server access message to the first gateway. The proxy server access message is used for: A gateway establishes a connection with the first proxy server.

In an optional embodiment, the controller 60 further includes: a bridging entry maintenance module 63, configured to: receive the subscription request of the first client for the first topic forwarded by the first proxy server; establish a bridging entry, the bridging The entry includes: information for indicating that the first proxy server is the target proxy server, information for indicating that all other proxy servers in the MQTT network except the first proxy server are bridge proxy servers, and information for indicating that the first topic is Share topic information; send the bridging entry to all other proxy servers in the MQTT network except the first proxy server, and the bridging entry is used for:

In an optional embodiment, the bridging entry maintenance module 63 is further configured to: receive an access request sent by the second proxy server, and establish a bridging entry, where the bridging entry includes: used to indicate that the second proxy server is the target proxy The information of the server is used to indicate that all other proxy servers in the MQTT network except the second proxy server are bridge proxy servers, and the information used to indicate that all topics are shared topics, and the bridge entry is sent to the MQTT network. All proxy servers except the second proxy server.

In an optional embodiment, the QOS detection trigger module 61 is specifically configured to: generate an identity ID for each client's gateway in the MQTT network at every preset second time interval, and send an identity ID to each client's gateway respectively The QOS request message carrying the identity ID generated for the gateway, each client includes the first MQTT client.

In an optional embodiment, before the QOS detection triggering module 61 sends the QOS request carrying the identity ID to the first gateway accessed by the first client, it is further used to receive the proxy server assignment request sent by the first gateway, and provide A gateway assigns an ID; the request for assigning the proxy server is sent by the first gateway after receiving the access request from the first client.

In an optional embodiment, after the proxy server selection module 62 selects the minimum transmission delay among the transmission delays between the first gateway and each proxy server, the controller uses the first proxy server corresponding to the minimum transmission delay as the first proxy server. Before the access proxy server of the gateway, it is further used to: query the transmission delay between the first gateway and the third proxy server currently accessed by the first gateway, and determine the difference between the query transmission delay and the minimum transmission delay Whether the value is within the preset range, if so, determine that the first gateway does not need to switch the access proxy server, otherwise, perform the action of using the first proxy server corresponding to the minimum transmission delay as the access proxy server of the first gateway.

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an MQTT gateway 70 provided by an embodiment of the present invention, and the gateway includes:

The message transceiver module 71 is used to receive the quality of service QOS request carrying the identity ID sent by the controller, broadcast the PING request carrying the identity ID to all proxy servers in the MQTT network, and receive the PING request carrying the identity returned by each proxy server. PING response for ID.

The transmission delay calculation module 72 is used to calculate the distance between the gateway and each proxy server according to the receiving time stamp of the PING response carrying the identity ID returned by the message sending and receiving module 71 and the sending time stamp of the PING request. The transmission delay between the gateway and each proxy server is sent to the controller, so that: the controller selects the minimum transmission delay among the transmission delays between the gateway and each proxy server, and sends the minimum The first proxy server corresponding to the transmission delay acts as the access proxy server of the gateway, and returns the address of the first proxy server in the proxy server access message to the gateway, and the proxy server access message is used for: the gateway and the second proxy server A proxy server establishes the connection.

In an optional embodiment, the messaging module 71 is further configured to: receive a subscription request for the first topic sent by the first client, and forward the subscription request to the MQTT controller via the first proxy server; the subscription request Used for:

The MQTT controller receives the subscription request, and establishes a bridging entry, which includes: information indicating that the first proxy server is the target proxy server, and used to indicate all other agents in the MQTT network except the first proxy server The information that the server is a bridging proxy server, and information indicating that the first topic is a shared topic; and, the MQTT controller sends the bridging entry to all other proxy servers in the MQTT network except the first proxy server; and ,

In an optional embodiment, before the message transceiving module 71 receives the QOS request carrying the ID sent by the controller, it further includes: receiving an access request sent by the first client, and sending a proxy server allocation request to the controller.

In an optional embodiment, the message transceiver module 71 broadcasts the PING request carrying the identity ID to all proxy servers in the MQTT network, including: broadcasting the PING request carrying the ID to all proxy servers in the MQTT network every preset first time interval. PING request of the identity ID until the number of broadcasts reaches the preset number;

And, the transmission delay calculation module 72 respectively calculates the transmission delay between the gateway and each proxy server includes: according to the sending timestamp of the PING request sent each time and the timestamp of the PING response returned by each proxy server, respectively calculate the The average transfer delay between the gateway and each proxy server.

The embodiment of the present invention also discloses an MQTT network access system, the system includes: a controller, more than two proxy servers, and at least one gateway, and each gateway is respectively bound to at least one client, wherein:

The controller is configured to send a QOS request carrying an ID to at least one gateway; when receiving a transmission delay between the gateway and each proxy server sent by a gateway, the transmission delay between the gateway and each proxy server The smallest transmission delay is selected, and the proxy server corresponding to the smallest transmission delay is used as the access proxy server of the gateway, and the address of the access proxy server is carried in the proxy server access message and returned to the gateway.

The gateway is used to receive the QOS request sent by the controller, broadcast the PING request carrying the identity ID to all proxy servers in the MQTT network, and according to the receiving timestamp and the PING response carrying the identity ID returned by each proxy server The transmission time stamp of the PING request, respectively calculate the transmission delay between the gateway and each proxy server, and send the transmission delay between the gateway and each proxy server to the controller, and receive the proxy server access information sent by the controller message, and establish a connection with the corresponding proxy server according to the address of the access proxy server in the message.

The proxy server is configured to receive a PING request carrying the identity ID sent by a gateway, and return a PING response carrying the identity ID to the gateway.

In an optional embodiment, the controller is further configured to: receive the first client's subscription request for the first topic forwarded by the first proxy server; establish a bridging entry, and the bridging entry includes: used to indicate the first proxy The information that the server is the target proxy server is used to indicate that all other proxy servers in the MQTT network except the first proxy server are bridge proxy servers, and the information used to indicate that the first topic is a shared topic; the bridge entry Sent to all other proxy servers except the first proxy server in the MQTT network, the bridging entry is used for:

In an optional embodiment, the controller is further configured to: receive an access request sent by the second proxy server, and establish a bridging entry, where the bridging entry includes: information indicating that the second proxy server is the target proxy server, Information used to indicate that all proxy servers except the second proxy server in the MQTT network are bridge proxy servers, and information used to indicate that all topics are shared topics; send the bridging entry to the MQTT network except the second proxy All other proxy servers other than the server.

In an optional embodiment, the controller sends a QOS request carrying an identity ID to at least one gateway, including: the controller generates a unique identity for the gateway of each client in the MQTT network every preset second time interval ID, and send a QOS request message carrying the ID generated for the gateway to the gateway of each client.

An embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer program product, including a computer program or an instruction. When the computer program or instruction is executed by a processor, the steps of the MQTT network access method described in any embodiment of the present invention are implemented.

An embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, where the computer-readable storage medium stores instructions, and when the instructions are executed by a processor, the steps in the above-mentioned MQTT network access method can be executed. In practical applications, the computer-readable medium may be included in each device/device/system of the above-mentioned embodiments, or may exist independently without being assembled into the device/device/system. Wherein, instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and the stored instructions can execute the steps in the above MQTT network access method when executed by the processor.

According to the disclosed embodiments of the present invention, the computer-readable storage medium may be a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, such as may include but not limited to: portable computer disk, hard disk, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM) ), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage device, magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the above, but not used to limit the present invention scope of protection. In the disclosed embodiments of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that contains or stores a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

As shown in FIG. 8 , an embodiment of the present invention also provides an electronic device. As shown in Figure 8, it shows a schematic structural diagram of the electronic device involved in the embodiment of the present invention, specifically:

The electronic device may include a processor 81 of one or more processing cores, a memory 82 of one or more computer-readable storage media, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor. When the program in the memory 82 is executed, the above-mentioned MQTT network access method can be realized.

Specifically, in practical applications, the electronic device may further include components such as a power supply 83 and an input and output unit 84 . Those skilled in the art can understand that the structure of the electronic device shown in FIG. 8 does not constitute a limitation to the electronic device, and may include more or less components than those shown in the illustration, or combine certain components, or different components. layout. in:

The processor 81 is the control center of the electronic device, and uses various interfaces and lines to connect various parts of the entire electronic device, by running or executing software programs and/or modules stored in the memory 82, and calling the Data, perform various functions of the server and process data, so as to monitor the electronic equipment as a whole.

The memory 82 can be used to store software programs and modules, that is, the above-mentioned computer-readable storage medium. The processor 81 executes various functional applications and data processing by executing software programs and modules stored in the memory 82 . The memory 82 may mainly include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store an operating system, an application program required by at least one function, etc.; the data storage area may store data created according to the use of the server, etc. In addition, the memory 82 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, or other volatile solid-state storage devices. Correspondingly, the memory 82 may also include a memory controller to provide the processor 81 with access to the memory 82 .

The electronic device also includes a power supply 83 for supplying power to various components, which can be logically connected to the processor 81 through the power management system, so that functions such as charging, discharging, and power consumption management can be realized through the power management system. The power supply 83 may also include one or more DC or AC power supplies, recharging systems, power failure detection circuits, power converters or inverters, power status indicators and other arbitrary components.

The electronic device may also include an input/output unit 84, the input unit output 84 may be used to receive input digital or character information, and generate keyboard, mouse, joystick, optical or trackball signal input related to user settings and function control. The input unit output 84 can also be used to display information input by the user or provided to the user, as well as various graphical user interfaces. These graphical user interfaces can be composed of graphics, text, icons, videos and any combination thereof.

The flowcharts and block diagrams in the drawings of the present invention show the architecture, functions and operations of possible implementations of systems, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments disclosed in the present invention. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, program segment, or portion of code that includes one or more logical functions for implementing specified executable instructions. It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the different figures. For example, two blocks shown connected in series may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or they may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It should also be noted that each block in the block diagrams or flowchart illustrations, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams or flowchart illustrations, can be implemented by a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or operation, or can be implemented by a A combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

Those skilled in the art can understand that various combinations and/or combinations can be made in the various embodiments of the present disclosure and/or the features recorded in the claims, even if such combinations or combinations are not explicitly recorded in the present invention. In particular, without departing from the spirit and teaching of the present invention, various combinations and/or combinations can be made in the various embodiments of the present invention and/or the features recorded in the claims, and all these combinations and/or combinations fall into The scope of the disclosure of the present invention.

Claims

A message queue telemetry transmission MQTT network access method, characterized in that the method comprises:

The controller in the MQTT network sends a quality of service QOS request carrying the identity ID to the first gateway accessed by the first client, and the QOS request is used for: the first gateway broadcasts to all proxy servers in the MQTT network carrying the the PING request of the identity ID, and according to the receiving timestamp of the PING response carrying the identity ID returned by each proxy server and the sending timestamp of the PING request, respectively calculate the transmission delay between the first gateway and each proxy server, and sending the transmission delay between the first gateway and each proxy server to the controller;

The controller receives the transmission delay between the first gateway and each proxy server sent by the first gateway, and selects the smallest transmission delay among the transmission delays between the first gateway and each proxy server;

The controller uses the first proxy server corresponding to the minimum transmission delay as the access proxy server of the first gateway, carries the address of the first proxy server in the proxy server access message and returns it to the first gateway, and the proxy server access The message is used for: the first gateway establishes a connection with the first proxy server.
The method according to claim 1, wherein after the controller carries the address of the first proxy server in the proxy server access message and returns it to the first gateway, further comprising:

The controller receives the first client's subscription request for the first topic forwarded by the first proxy server;

The controller establishes a bridging entry, and the bridging entry includes:

information indicating that the first proxy server is the target proxy server,

Information for indicating that all proxy servers except the first proxy server in the MQTT network are bridge proxy servers, and,

information indicating that the first topic is a shared topic;

The controller sends the bridging entry to all other proxy servers except the first proxy server in the MQTT network, and the bridging entry is used for:

When any other proxy server in the MQTT network except the first proxy server receives the first topic message sent by any MQTT client connected to the proxy server, each MQTT server connected to the proxy server maintained by itself will In the client's subscription table, find the MQTT client that has subscribed to the first topic, forward the first topic message to each found MQTT client, and at the same time, find the shared topic as the first topic in the bridging entry maintained by itself bridging table entry, and forward the first topic message to the target proxy server in each found bridging table entry, so that the target proxy server sends the first topic message to the MQTT client that has subscribed to the first topic.
The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the method further comprises:

The controller receives the access request sent by the second proxy server, and establishes a bridging entry, where the bridging entry includes:

information indicating that the second proxy server is the target proxy server,

Information for indicating that all proxy servers in the MQTT network except the second proxy server are bridge proxy servers, and,

information indicating that all topics are shared topics;

The controller sends the bridging entry to all proxy servers in the MQTT network except the second proxy server.
The method according to claim 1, wherein the controller sends a QOS request carrying an ID to the first gateway accessed by the first client, including:

The controller generates an identity ID for the gateway of each client in the MQTT network at every preset second time interval, and sends a QOS request message carrying the identity ID generated for the gateway to the gateway of each client, so Each client described above comprises a first MQTT client.
The method according to claim 1, wherein before the controller sends the QOS request carrying the identity ID to the first gateway accessed by the first client, further comprising:

The controller receives the proxy server assignment request sent by the first gateway, and assigns an ID to the first gateway; the proxy server assignment request is sent by the first gateway after receiving the access request sent by the first client.
The method according to claim 1, wherein after the controller selects the smallest transmission delay among the transmission delays between the first gateway and each proxy server, the controller sets the minimum transmission delay corresponding to the first Before a proxy server acts as the access proxy server of the first gateway, it further includes:

The controller queries the transmission delay between the first gateway and the third proxy server currently accessed by the first gateway, and determines whether the difference between the queried transmission delay and the minimum transmission delay is within a preset range, and if so , it is determined that the first gateway does not need to switch the access proxy server; otherwise, perform the action of using the first proxy server corresponding to the smallest transmission delay as the access proxy server of the first gateway.
A message queue telemetry transmission MQTT network access method, characterized in that the method comprises:

The first gateway accessed by the first client in the MQTT network receives the quality of service QOS request carrying the identity ID sent by the controller;

The first gateway broadcasts the PING request carrying the ID to all proxy servers in the MQTT network;

The first gateway calculates the transmission delay between the first gateway and each proxy server respectively according to the receiving timestamp of the PING response carrying the identity ID returned by each proxy server and the sending timestamp of the PING request;

The first gateway sends the transmission delay between the first gateway and each proxy server to the controller, and the transmission delay between the first gateway and each proxy server is used for: the controller communicates between the first gateway and each proxy server Select the smallest transmission delay among the transmission delays between them, and use the first proxy server corresponding to the smallest transmission delay as the access proxy server of the first gateway, and return the address of the first proxy server in the proxy server access message to the first gateway;

The first gateway receives the proxy server access message carrying the address of the first proxy server sent by the controller, and establishes a connection with the first proxy server.
The method according to claim 7, wherein after the first gateway establishes a connection with the first proxy server, further comprising:

The first gateway receives the subscription request for the first topic sent by the first client, and forwards the subscription request to the MQTT controller via the first proxy server; the subscription request is used for:

The MQTT controller establishes a bridging entry according to the subscription request, and the bridging entry includes:

information indicating that the first proxy server is the target proxy server,

Information for indicating that all proxy servers except the first proxy server in the MQTT network are bridge proxy servers, and,

information indicating that the first topic is a shared topic; and,

The MQTT controller sends the bridging entry to all other proxy servers in the MQTT network except the first proxy server; and,

When any other proxy server in the MQTT network except the first proxy server receives the first topic message sent by any MQTT client connected to the proxy server, each MQTT server connected to the proxy server maintained by itself will In the client's subscription table, find the MQTT client that has subscribed to the first topic, forward the first topic message to each found MQTT client, and at the same time, find the shared topic as the first topic in the bridging entry maintained by itself bridging table entry, and forward the first topic message to the target proxy server in each found bridging table entry, so that the target proxy server sends the first topic message to the MQTT client that has subscribed to the first topic.
The method according to claim 7, wherein before the first gateway receives the QOS request carrying the identity ID sent by the controller, it further includes:

The first gateway receives the access request sent by the first client, and sends a proxy server assignment request to the controller.
The method according to claim 7, wherein the first gateway broadcasts the PING request carrying the identity ID to all proxy servers in the MQTT network, including:

The first gateway broadcasts a PING request carrying the identity ID to all proxy servers in the MQTT network every preset first time interval until the number of broadcasts reaches the preset number of times;

And, the first gateway separately calculating the transmission delay between the first gateway and each proxy server includes:

The first gateway respectively calculates the average transmission delay between the first gateway and each proxy server according to the sending timestamp of each sent PING request and the timestamp of each returned PING response by each proxy server.
A message queue telemetry transmission MQTT controller is characterized in that the controller includes:

The QOS detection triggering module is configured to send a quality of service QOS request carrying the identity ID to the first gateway accessed by the first client, and the QOS request is used for: the first gateway broadcasts the carrying information to all proxy servers in the MQTT network. The PING request of the identity ID, and according to the receiving timestamp of the PING response carrying the identity ID returned by each proxy server and the sending timestamp of the PING request, respectively calculate the transmission delay between the first gateway and each proxy server , and send the transmission delay between the first gateway and each proxy server to the controller;

The proxy server selection module is used to receive the transmission delay between the first gateway and each proxy server sent by the first gateway, and select the minimum transmission delay among the transmission delays between the first gateway and each proxy server; The first proxy server corresponding to the transmission delay acts as the access proxy server of the first gateway, and returns the address of the first proxy server in the proxy server access message to the first gateway, and the proxy server access message is used for: A gateway establishes a connection with the first proxy server.
A message queue telemetry transmission MQTT gateway is characterized in that the gateway includes:

The message transceiver module is used to receive the quality of service QOS request carrying the identity ID sent by the controller, broadcast the PING request carrying the identity ID to all proxy servers in the MQTT network, and receive the PING request carrying the identity ID returned by each proxy server. PING response of identity ID;

The transmission delay calculation module is used to calculate the transmission delay between the gateway and each proxy server respectively according to the receiving timestamp of the PING response carrying the identity ID returned by each proxy server and the sending timestamp of the PING request, Sending the transmission delay between the gateway and each proxy server to the controller, where the transmission delay between the gateway and each proxy server is used for: the controller selects from among the transmission delays between the gateway and each proxy server The minimum transmission delay, and the first proxy server corresponding to the minimum transmission delay is used as the access proxy server of the gateway, and the address of the first proxy server is carried in the proxy server access message and returned to the gateway, the The proxy server access message is used for: the gateway establishes a connection with the first proxy server.
A message queue telemetry transmission MQTT network access system, characterized in that the system includes: a controller, more than two proxy servers, and at least one gateway, and each gateway is bound to at least one client respectively, wherein:

The controller is configured to send a quality of service QOS request carrying an identity ID to at least one gateway; when receiving a transmission delay between the gateway and each proxy server sent by a gateway, the transmission delay between the gateway and each proxy server Select the minimum transmission delay in the transmission delay, use the proxy server corresponding to the minimum transmission delay as the access proxy server of the gateway, carry the address of the access proxy server in the proxy server access message and return to the gateway;

The gateway is used to receive the QOS request sent by the controller, broadcast the PING request carrying the identity ID to all proxy servers in the MQTT network, and according to the receiving time of the PING response carrying the identity ID returned by each proxy server stamp and the sending timestamp of the PING request, respectively calculate the transmission delay between the gateway and each proxy server, and send the transmission delay between the gateway and each proxy server to the controller, and receive the proxy sent by the controller A server access message, according to the address of the access proxy server in the message, establishes a connection with the corresponding proxy server;

The proxy server is configured to receive a PING request carrying the identity ID sent by a gateway, and return a PING response carrying the identity ID to the gateway.
A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium stores instructions, characterized in that, when executed by a processor, the instructions cause the processor to perform any one of claims 1 to 10 The steps of the message queue telemetry transmission MQTT network access method described in item.
An electronic device, characterized in that it includes: a processor and a memory, the memory stores a computer program that can run on the processor, and when the processor executes the computer program, the computer program according to claim 1 is realized. Steps of the message queue telemetry transmission MQTT network access method described in any one of 10 to 10.
A computer program product, comprising computer programs or instructions, characterized in that, when the computer program or instructions are executed by a processor, the method for accessing the MQTT network for message queue telemetry transmission according to any one of claims 1 to 10 is implemented step.