WO2023004933A1 - Appareil et procédé de détection des caractéristiques de réflexion de surface de route en toutes saisons - Google Patents

Appareil et procédé de détection des caractéristiques de réflexion de surface de route en toutes saisons Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023004933A1
WO2023004933A1 PCT/CN2021/116693 CN2021116693W WO2023004933A1 WO 2023004933 A1 WO2023004933 A1 WO 2023004933A1 CN 2021116693 W CN2021116693 W CN 2021116693W WO 2023004933 A1 WO2023004933 A1 WO 2023004933A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
road surface
surface reflection
brightness
rainfall
aerosol
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PCT/CN2021/116693
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
吴珂
雷川
李江栋
林鸿达
董梁
林国军
麻元晓
朱凯
Original Assignee
浙江大学
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202110850493.8A external-priority patent/CN113655030B/zh
Priority claimed from CN202110850518.4A external-priority patent/CN113670853B/zh
Application filed by 浙江大学 filed Critical 浙江大学
Publication of WO2023004933A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023004933A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/47—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a detection technology of road surface brightness reflection coefficient, in particular to an all-weather road surface reflection characteristic detection device and method.
  • the reflection coefficient of road surface brightness is an important characterization of road surface reflection ability, which is of great significance to the accurate calculation of road surface brightness.
  • the average luminance coefficient Q0 and specular factor S1 can be used as the main technical indicators to evaluate the reflective performance of pavement.
  • Application number CN201922069213.0 discloses a salt mist aerosol spray system that can create fog environments of different volumes, but it cannot guarantee the uniformity of the mist, and its sealing is strong, so it is difficult to control the change of the mist concentration.
  • the application number: CN201911292138.2 discloses a multi-layer sea fog environment simulation method that simply layers the fog, cannot simulate the fluidity of the fog, and is difficult to control the particle size of the fog.
  • the application number: CN201310361662.7 discloses a device for measuring the brightness coefficient distribution of pavement pavement materials. This device can only detect the reflection coefficient of dry pavement samples, and cannot obtain the road surface reflection coefficient in haze weather. The detection needs to detect the brightness of the road surface under the incident light at different angles, and the light other than the incident light at the detected angle belongs to stray light. The light source used is poor in collimation, and the result error of the detected road reflectance is relatively large.
  • Application number: CN202010932572.9 discloses an online test method and device for road surface luminance coefficient. The device can only detect a limited number of light incident angles, and cannot obtain a complete road surface reflection R table.
  • Application number: CN201310361662.7 discloses a device for measuring the distribution of brightness coefficient of pavement materials. This device can only detect the reflectance of dry pavement samples, but cannot obtain the reflectance of road surfaces under different rainfall intensities. Calculation problem of brightness uniformity.
  • Smog is an atmospheric aerosol system composed of solid and liquid particles dispersed in the atmosphere.
  • the attenuation mechanism of visible light propagation in it is mainly refraction, scattering and absorption.
  • the reflection and scattering intensity are mainly affected by the particle size, concentration and uniformity of the fog, and the detection accuracy of the reflection coefficient of the road surface is greatly affected by the collimation of the light emitted by the light source. Therefore, accurate simulation of fog particle size, composition and uniformity, and the use of collimated light sources are important prerequisites to ensure reliable detection results of road reflectance in hazy weather.
  • the present invention provides a road surface reflection coefficient detection device capable of simulating different fog concentrations and particle sizes, and different rainfall intensities, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background technology.
  • the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
  • An all-weather road surface reflection characteristic detection device including a fog environment module, a detection module and a rainfall module, which can be used to detect the road surface reflection coefficient under fog and haze weather and the wet road surface reflection coefficient during rainfall;
  • the fog environment module includes an aerosol generating device, an aerosol mixing device, an aerosol injection device, an air intake cover, a laser particle size analyzer, a flow equalizer, a panel fan; the detection module includes an optical darkroom, and is located in an optical darkroom.
  • Indoor sample carrying part, illuminance providing part and luminance detecting part; the illuminance providing part and luminance detecting part are respectively arranged on both sides of the sample carrying part; Provide light irradiation angles of 0-360° in the horizontal direction and 0-90° in the vertical direction; the brightness detection part is used to detect the brightness of the road surface at different angles; the rainfall module includes a flow valve, a controller, a liquid level sensor, Rain bars, pumps, pipes, motors, baffles, conduits, tanks and circular tracks.
  • water and nitrate solution tanks, sulfate and ammonium salt solution tanks are set in the aerosol generating device, and the two solution tanks are connected by electric welding, and the two solution tanks cooperate to realize the adjustment function of the mist components .
  • the aerosol generating device and the aerosol mixing device are connected by electric welding, and the aerosol mixing device adopts wind power, and its main function is to generate uniform concentration of mist.
  • the aerosol mixing device and the air intake hood are connected by electric welding, and the air intake hood is used to provide a mist diffusion space; the air intake hood adopts an annular outlet.
  • the electric welding connection is adopted between the intake hood and the optical darkroom, so that the mist can diffuse into the optical darkroom.
  • an equalizer and a panel fan are set between the air intake hood and the optical darkroom;
  • the main function of the equalizer is to change the flow direction and speed of the mist to achieve uniform diffusion of the mist;
  • the panel fan adjusts the wind direction and speed of the air outlet, Avoid the effect of the fog hitting the wall, and adjust the flow speed of the fog;
  • the size of the optical darkroom is 3m ⁇ 3m ⁇ 3m, the ambient brightness inside the optical darkroom is less than 0.0001cd/m 2 , the power of the fan is 60w, and the wind speed of the panel fan is 0.1 ⁇ 2m/s
  • the extension length of the panel is 200mm
  • the distance between the flow sharing plate and the side wall of the optical darkroom is 0.1m
  • the aperture size of the flow sharing plate is 5-10mm
  • the opening rate is 60%.
  • a controller and a laser particle size analyzer are installed above the optical darkroom.
  • the main function of the controller is to adjust the aerosol generator and the panel fan according to the fog concentration and particle size inside the darkroom detected by the laser particle size analyzer.
  • a drive motor is set inside the optical darkroom to provide the light source and the luminance meter with the power and control required for detection and movement.
  • the sample carrying part is composed of a base, a support rod and a support plate, the base is connected to the bottom of the optical darkroom through bolts, and the support plate is fixed on the base through the support rod.
  • the support plate is a hollow steel box, which is used to carry the entire detection module, the tested road surface samples and part of the rainfall module structure.
  • the illuminance providing part is at the left end of the support plate, and is composed of a rotating arm, a horizontal track, a fiber optic light source and an edge low-reflection TIR lens;
  • the arm can rotate on a horizontal track with the sample as the center of the circle.
  • the fiber optic light source can rotate vertically on the rotating arm with the sample as the center of the circle.
  • the fiber optic light source provides collimated light.
  • the edge low reflection TIR lens is used to reduce the edge of the traditional TIR lens The illuminance caused by reflection is not uniform, and the illuminance of collimated light is uniform.
  • the edge of the low-reflection TIR lens is coated with a dark low-reflection paint with a reflection coefficient of 0.6 on the edge of the TIR lens, in order to reduce the total reflection of the edge of the TIR lens and achieve uniformity of illumination of the spot.
  • the radius of the rotating arm and the horizontal track is the same (for example, the size can be 1m), and the illuminance providing part can provide detection angles of 0-360° in the horizontal direction and 0-90° in the vertical direction, so as to solve the problem of the existing road brightness reflection coefficient. Detect problems with fewer angles.
  • the luminance detection part is located at the right end of the support plate, and consists of a luminance meter and a vertical track, the vertical track is arc-shaped, and is vertically arranged on the support plate; the luminance meter is used to detect brightness, and the vertical track is used to provide the luminance meter to rotate track, which is convenient for detecting the brightness of the road surface at different angles.
  • the luminance meter adopts a 0.1° field of view, which can detect the road surface brightness at an angle of 1-30°, and obtain the road surface brightness under various viewing angles such as motor vehicle drivers and sidewalk pedestrians.
  • the motor is used to provide power for the movement of devices such as the rain bar and to control the movement or rotation angle of each module.
  • the pipeline is bolted to the water pump; the water pump is used to control the water pressure in the pipeline, so as to press the water in the water tank into the rain bar through the pipeline.
  • the pipeline is used to transport the rainwater stored in the water tank, and the pipeline is provided with a casing, and the casing part is provided with cables, so as to provide power for the rain pole and other structures and issue motion control commands.
  • the circular track is set on the support plate in a circular direction with the road surface sample as the center, and the circular track is connected to the rain bar through gear meshing, and its main function is to provide the movement track of the rain bar.
  • the rain rod is bolted to the liquid level sensor, controller and flow valve respectively from bottom to top; the liquid level sensor is used to detect the liquid level in the rain rod, the controller is used to control the amount of precipitation, and the flow valve is used to control speed of precipitation.
  • the top of the rain rod is a trumpet-shaped extension section, and is electrically welded to the panel with a plurality of raindrop holes.
  • the raindrop hole adopts the opening and closing mechanism of the rotating blade, which is connected with the motor through a cable to control the particle size of the raindrop.
  • the outer side of the pavement sample on the support plate is a baffle, and the baffle is connected with the conduit, and its main function is to control the drainage speed of the tested pavement sample.
  • the invention can realize the detection of road surface reflection characteristics in various weathers; the solution box and aerosol generating device capable of holding various solutions can be used to realize the accurate simulation of multi-component full particle size fog; the equalizer plate and the panel fan can Adjusting the direction, speed and concentration of fog motion provides an important basis for quantifying the impact of fog on the brightness of road observation; the combination of edge low reflection TIR lens and fiber optic light source provides illumination for road reflection coefficient, realizes light collimation, and effectively solves the problem Solve the problem of large detection error of the existing road surface brightness reflection coefficient; realize accurate simulation of raindrop velocity, particle size and quantity during rainfall by controlling the opening and closing degree of the rotating blade and the flow valve, and provide baffles and conduits to simulate the actual road surface The drainage capacity of the road solves the technical problem that the reflectance of the road surface cannot be detected during the rainfall process.
  • the rain rod can rotate around the sample to avoid blocking the incident light, which can realize the detection ability of light from various incident paths and improve the detection efficiency;
  • the design of the luminance meter in the detection part can move along the arc guide rail solves the existing road reflection The problem of fewer viewing angles during the coefficient detection process.
  • Fig. 1 is the structural representation of device of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is the front view of device of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the fog environment module
  • Figure 4 is a front view of the aerosol injection device
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a low-reflection TIR collimator lens
  • Figure 6 is a front view of the low reflection TIR collimating lens
  • Fig. 7 is the structural representation of rainfall module
  • Figure 8 is a sectional view of the baffle and the duct structure
  • Figure 9 is a panel sectional view of the rain rod
  • Figure 10 is a front view of the panel
  • Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the opening and degree of the rotating blade
  • 1 is an aerosol generating device
  • 101 is a solution box
  • 2 is an aerosol mixing device
  • 3 is an aerosol injection device
  • 301 is a nozzle
  • 302 is a runner
  • 4 is an air intake cover
  • 5 is a controller
  • 6 Laser particle size analyzer
  • 7 is the conduit
  • 8 is the air pump
  • 9 is the equalizer plate
  • 10 is the panel fan
  • 11 is the track
  • 12 is the rotating arm
  • 13 is the fiber optic light source
  • 1301 is the edge low reflection TIR lens
  • 1302 is the low reflection Paint coating
  • 14 is a brightness meter
  • 15 is a support plate
  • 16 is a support rod
  • 17 is a motor
  • 18 is a base
  • 19 is an optical darkroom
  • 20 is a flow valve
  • 21 is a controller
  • 22 is a liquid level sensor
  • 24 is a panel
  • 2401 is a raindrop hole
  • 2402 is a rotating blade
  • 25
  • An all-weather road surface reflection characteristic detection device its structure is shown in Figures 1 to 11, including three modules, and the specific detection method is implemented on the basis of the device installation.
  • the specific detection method is as follows:
  • the droplet radius r and the droplet concentration n are calculated using the Gamma generalized distribution of the droplet size distribution with the greatest applicability:
  • n is the number of droplets per unit volume and unit radius interval, that is, the concentration of droplets, cm -3 ; r is the radius of droplets, cm; c and d are parameters for determining the shape of the droplet spectrum; V is the visibility of the fog , km; W is water content, g/m.
  • the aperture size of the equalizing plate 9 is adjusted by the controller 5 to change the speed and direction of the airflow, so as to realize uniform diffusion of the mist.
  • the data recording format is L(0, ⁇ ).
  • Adjust the rotating arm 12 to the second horizontal scale ( ⁇ 2°) and then fix it, control the fiber optic light source 13 to rotate around the rotating arm 12, use the luminance meter 14 to measure the brightness under different incident angles of light in the vertical direction, and record the data as L (2, ⁇ ).
  • the measured ⁇ angle includes 0°, 2°, 5°, 10°, 15°, 20°, 25°, 30°, 35°, 40°, 45°, 60°, 75°, 90°, 105°, 120°, 135°, 150°, 165°, 180°
  • measured gamma angles include 0°, 14°, 26.6°, 36.9°, 45°, 51.3°, 56.3°, 60.3°, 63.4°, 68.2° , 71.6°, 74.1°, 76°, 77.5°, 78.7°, 79.7°, 80.5°, 81.3°, 81.9°, 82.4°, 82.9°, 83.3°, 83.7°, 84°, 84.3°, 84.6°, 84.8 °, 85°, 85.2°.
  • the hourly rainfall h and rainfall intensity are calculated according to the rainfall level, as shown in formula (8), the water tank 26 is given pressure by the water pump, and the rainwater is pressed into the rain rod 23 through the conduit 7, Monitor and adjust the rainfall through the liquid level sensor 22;
  • the diameter of raindrops is D (mm) and the number of raindrops N (d) within the diameter interval of dD, using the Laws-Parsons raindrop size distribution (that is, the L-P distribution) to calculate the size distribution of raindrops in a unit volume of space.
  • D is the diameter of raindrops, mm; N(d) is the number of raindrops with a diameter interval of dD; V(D) is the terminal velocity of raindrops with diameter D, m/s; R is the rainfall rate, mm/ h; m(D) is the percentage of the measured volume, %.
  • the water seepage per unit time of the pavement is determined. Convert the water displacement per unit time of the sample according to the permeability level, and adjust the rising height of the baffle plate 9 .
  • the rainwater inside the baffle 25 is discharged through the conduit 7 to simulate the seepage situation of the actual road surface.
  • the motor 17 controls the rain bar 23 to rotate along the horizontal circular track, so as to avoid blocking the incident light during the detection process.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil et un procédé de détection des caractéristiques de réflexion de la surface d'une route en toutes saisons. L'appareil comprend un module de pluie, un module d'environnement de brouillard et un module de détection, utilisés pour détecter un coefficient de réflexion de la surface de la route par temps brumeux et un coefficient de réflexion de la surface de la route mouillée pendant la pluie. Le module d'environnement de brouillard comprend un appareil de génération d'aérosol (1), un appareil de mélange d'aérosol (2), un appareil de pulvérisation d'aérosol (3), un couvercle d'entrée d'air (4), un analyseur de taille de particule laser (6), une plaque d'égalisation de flux (9), un panneau de ventilation (10) et un dispositif de commande (5). Le module de détection comprend une chambre noire optique (19), une partie de transport d'échantillon, une partie de fourniture d'éclairement et une partie de détection de luminosité. Le module de pluviométrie comprend une vanne d'écoulement (20), un dispositif de commande (21), un capteur de niveau de liquide (22), une tige de pluie (23), une pompe à eau, un tuyau, un moteur électrique (17), un déflecteur (25), un conduit (7), un réservoir d'eau (26) et une piste annulaire. Le présent appareil peut simuler avec précision la taille des particules, la composition, et l'uniformité du brouillard et l'intensité de la pluie, peut obtenir des caractéristiques de réflexion de surface de route de détection dans diverses conditions météorologiques, et résout efficacement les problèmes de faible collimation et moins d'angles de détection de sources de lumière caractéristiques de réflexion de surface de route existantes.
PCT/CN2021/116693 2021-07-27 2021-09-06 Appareil et procédé de détection des caractéristiques de réflexion de surface de route en toutes saisons WO2023004933A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110850493.8 2021-07-27
CN202110850493.8A CN113655030B (zh) 2021-07-27 2021-07-27 一种湿润路面反射系数检测装置及方法
CN202110850518.4 2021-07-27
CN202110850518.4A CN113670853B (zh) 2021-07-27 2021-07-27 一种雾霾天气下的路面反射系数检测装置及方法

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CN116471820B (zh) * 2023-06-19 2023-08-25 山东舜水信息科技有限公司 一种水文水资源遥测终端机

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