WO2023000720A1 - 一种通信方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种通信方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023000720A1
WO2023000720A1 PCT/CN2022/086811 CN2022086811W WO2023000720A1 WO 2023000720 A1 WO2023000720 A1 WO 2023000720A1 CN 2022086811 W CN2022086811 W CN 2022086811W WO 2023000720 A1 WO2023000720 A1 WO 2023000720A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
eht
ppdu
field
sig
subfield
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PCT/CN2022/086811
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
于健
爱泼斯坦·阿夫纳
特所迪克·根纳季
西隆·希米
克莱因·阿里克
里德里·奥德
狐梦实
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华为技术有限公司
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Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to CA3227031A priority Critical patent/CA3227031A1/en
Priority to KR1020247005396A priority patent/KR20240037286A/ko
Priority to EP22844892.4A priority patent/EP4366256A1/en
Priority to AU2022315311A priority patent/AU2022315311A1/en
Publication of WO2023000720A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023000720A1/zh
Priority to US18/416,260 priority patent/US20240154738A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0001—Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
    • H04L5/0003—Two-dimensional division
    • H04L5/0005—Time-frequency
    • H04L5/0007—Time-frequency the frequencies being orthogonal, e.g. OFDM(A), DMT
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2602—Signal structure
    • H04L27/261—Details of reference signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2602—Signal structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2602—Signal structure
    • H04L27/2603—Signal structure ensuring backward compatibility with legacy system
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0001—Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
    • H04L5/0014—Three-dimensional division
    • H04L5/0023—Time-frequency-space
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0044—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path allocation of payload
    • H04L5/0046—Determination of how many bits are transmitted on different sub-channels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0048—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0091—Signaling for the administration of the divided path
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/04—Protocols for data compression, e.g. ROHC
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0617—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/10—Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/12—WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of communication, and in particular to a communication method and device.
  • wireless local area network wireless local area network
  • access point access point
  • station station
  • beamforming beamforming, BF
  • resource scheduling etc.
  • APs and STAs cannot perform channel detection when transmitting based on orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), which makes it impossible for APs or STAs to obtain channel state information to achieve beamforming ( beamforming, BF), resource scheduling and other functions, resulting in poor channel quality and low throughput. Therefore, how to enable APs and STAs to perform channel detection when transmitting based on OFDMA has become an urgent problem to be solved at present.
  • OFDMA orthogonal frequency division multiple access
  • the present application provides a communication method and device, which can solve the problem that APs and STAs cannot perform channel detection when transmitting based on OFDMA.
  • the present application provides a communication method, which can be applied to a beamforming initiator (beamformer, Bfer), where the Bfer can be an AP or an STA.
  • the communication method includes: generating a physical layer protocol data unit PPDU, the PPDU includes a first field indicating that the PPDU is an extremely high throughput detection empty data packet EHT sounding NDP based on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access OFDMA transmission, and the PPDU also includes an extremely high throughput Rate-long training field EHT-LTF and data packet extension field PE, PE is adjacent to EHT-LTF; send PPDU.
  • the PPDU is a standard OFDMA based NDP used after 802.11ax, and does not include a data field. This PPDU is used for Bfee to perform channel estimation.
  • the beamforming responder (beamformee, Bfee) can determine that the PPDU is OFDMA based NDP according to the first field in the PPDU; then perform channel estimation through the PPDU during OFDMA-based transmission, and The channel state information is fed back to the beamformer (beamformer, Bfer) to implement functions such as beamforming and resource scheduling for OFDMA transmission, thereby improving channel quality and throughput.
  • the above first field may include PPDU type and compressed mode subfields.
  • the above-mentioned first field may include PPDU type and compressed mode subfields and the second field.
  • the PPDU type and compressed mode subfields are used to indicate that the PPDU is EHT sounding NDP
  • the second field is used to indicate that the PPDU is based on OFDMA transmission.
  • the above-mentioned first field may include a station identification STA ID subfield, and the STA ID subfield is used to indicate that the PPDU is EHT sounding NDP based on OFDMA transmission.
  • the above-mentioned PPDU may also include an extremely high throughput signaling field EHT-SIG, and the EHT-SIG includes n user fields, and the n user fields include the number of spatial streams subfield, and the beamforming subfield At least one, n is a positive integer.
  • EHT-SIG extremely high throughput signaling field
  • the PPDU provided by the embodiment of the present application and the PPDU for data transmission based on OFDMA can use the user field of the same structure, and the process of the receiver parsing the EHT-SIG in the two can be the same, thereby reducing the implementation complexity of the receiver Spend.
  • the above PPDU may further include an EHT-SIG, and the EHT-SIG only includes a common field, and the common field may include at least one of the number of spatial streams subfield and the beamforming subfield.
  • the common field can be used to carry the subfield of the number of spatial streams and the subfield of beamforming, thereby reducing the overhead of the EHT-SIG.
  • the above PPDU may also include general signaling fields U-SIG and EHT-SIG, U-SIG may include a first punctured channel indication field, and EHT-SIG may include a second punctured channel indication field .
  • U-SIG may include a first punctured channel indication field
  • EHT-SIG may include a second punctured channel indication field .
  • the first puncturing channel indication field is used to indicate the puncturing situation within the 80 MHz sub-block bandwidth where the U-SIG is located
  • the second puncturing channel indication field is used to indicate the puncturing situation within the entire PPDU bandwidth.
  • the puncturing mode of the PPDU is indicated by using the first punctured channel indication field and the second punctured channel indication field, so that more puncturing modes can be indicated, This makes the PPDU provided by this application support a more flexible punching mode.
  • the above-mentioned second punctured channel indication field may include at least one resource unit indication subfield, and the resource unit indication subfield is used to indicate the puncturing situation of a subchannel within the PPDU bandwidth.
  • the above-mentioned second punctured channel indication field may include a bitmap subfield, and the bitmap subfield is used to indicate the puncturing situation within the entire PPDU bandwidth.
  • the present application provides a communication method, which can be applied to Bfer, and Bfer can be an AP or an STA.
  • the communication method includes: generating an extremely high throughput null data packet declaration EHT NDPA frame, the EHT NDPA frame including a third field indicating a hole punching condition within the entire EHT sounding NDP bandwidth, the EHT sounding NDP including indicating a puncturing condition within the entire EHT sounding NDP bandwidth Hole punching is a field determined by the third field; EHT NDPA frame is sent.
  • the EHT NDPA frame is a standard EHT NDPA frame used after 802.11ax.
  • the EHT NDPA frame is used by Bfee for channel estimation.
  • Bfee when transmitting based on OFDMA, Bfee can obtain the third field from the EHT NDPA frame according to the indication of the fourth field in the EHT sounding NDP, and determine the entire EHT sounding NDP according to the indication of the third field According to the puncturing situation within the bandwidth, channel estimation can be performed according to the puncturing situation and EHT sounding NDP, and channel state information can be fed back to Bfer to realize beamforming, resource scheduling and other functions for OFDMA transmission, thereby improving channel quality and throughput quantity.
  • the above-mentioned third field may include at least one first information, and the first information is used to indicate that the beamforming responder Bfee feeds back the channel state information of a subchannel within the EHT sounding NDP bandwidth, or, the first The information is used to indicate that a subchannel within the EHT sounding NDP bandwidth is not punched.
  • the above-mentioned third field may also include at least one second information, and the second information is used to indicate that a subchannel within the EHT sounding NDP bandwidth is punched.
  • the present application provides a communication method, which can be applied to Bfee, and Bfee can be an AP or an STA.
  • the communication method includes: receiving a PPDU, the PPDU includes a first field indicating that the PPDU is EHT sounding NDP based on OFDMA transmission, the PPDU also includes EHT-LTF and PE, and the PE is adjacent to the EHT-LTF; channel estimation is performed through the PPDU.
  • the PPDU is a standard OFDMA based NDP used after 802.11ax, and does not include a data field. This PPDU is used for Bfee to perform channel estimation.
  • the beamforming responder (beamformee, Bfee) can determine that the PPDU is OFDMA based NDP according to the first field in the PPDU; then perform channel estimation through the PPDU during OFDMA-based transmission, and The channel state information is fed back to the beamformer (beamformer, Bfer) to implement functions such as beamforming and resource scheduling for OFDMA transmission, thereby improving channel quality and throughput.
  • the above first field may include PPDU type and compressed mode subfields.
  • the above-mentioned first field may include a PPDU type and a compressed mode subfield and a second field, the PPDU type and compressed mode subfield are used to indicate that the PPDU is EHT sounding NDP, and the second field is used to indicate that the PPDU is based on OFDMA transmission.
  • the above-mentioned first field may include a STA ID subfield, and the STA ID subfield is used to indicate that the PPDU is EHT sounding NDP based on OFDMA transmission.
  • the above PPDU may also include EHT-SIG, EHT-SIG includes n user fields, n user fields include spatial stream number subfield, at least one of beamforming subfields, n is a positive integer .
  • the above PPDU may further include an EHT-SIG, and the EHT-SIG only includes a common field, and the common field may include at least one of the number of spatial streams subfield and the beamforming subfield.
  • the above PPDU may further include a U-SIG and an EHT-SIG
  • the U-SIG may include a first punctured channel indication field
  • the EHT-SIG may include a second punctured channel indication field.
  • the first puncturing channel indication field is used to indicate the puncturing situation within the 80 MHz sub-block bandwidth where the U-SIG is located
  • the second puncturing channel indication field is used to indicate the puncturing situation within the entire PPDU bandwidth.
  • the above-mentioned second punctured channel indication field may include at least one resource unit indication subfield, and the resource unit indication subfield is used to indicate the puncturing situation of a subchannel within the PPDU bandwidth.
  • the above-mentioned second punctured channel indication field may include a bitmap subfield, and the bitmap subfield is used to indicate the puncturing situation within the entire PPDU bandwidth.
  • the present application provides a communication method, which can be applied to Bfee, and Bfee can be an AP or an STA.
  • the communication method includes: receiving an EHT NDPA frame, the EHT NDPA frame includes a third field indicating the punching situation within the entire EHT sounding NDP bandwidth, and the EHT sounding NDP includes indicating that the punching situation within the entire EHT sounding NDP bandwidth is determined by the third field field; parse EHT NDPA frames.
  • the EHT NDPA frame is a standard EHT NDPA frame used after 802.11ax.
  • the EHT NDPA frame is used by Bfee for channel estimation.
  • Bfee when transmitting based on OFDMA, Bfee can obtain the third field from the EHT NDPA frame according to the indication of the fourth field in the EHT sounding NDP, and determine the entire EHT sounding NDP according to the indication of the third field According to the puncturing situation within the bandwidth, channel estimation can be performed according to the puncturing situation and EHT sounding NDP, and channel state information can be fed back to Bfer to realize beamforming, resource scheduling and other functions for OFDMA transmission, thereby improving channel quality and throughput quantity.
  • the third field may include at least one first information, and the first information is used to indicate that Bfee feeds back channel state information of a subchannel within the EHT sounding NDP bandwidth, or, the first information is used to indicate EHT sounding One subchannel within the NDP bandwidth is not punctured.
  • the third field further includes at least one second information, and the second information is used to indicate that a subchannel within the EHT sounding NDP bandwidth is punched.
  • the present application further provides a communication device, including a processing unit and a sending unit.
  • the processing unit is used to generate a PPDU.
  • the PPDU includes the first field indicating that the PPDU is an extremely high throughput detection empty data packet EHT sounding NDP based on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access OFDMA transmission.
  • the PPDU also includes an extremely high throughput-long training field EHT -LTF and Packet Extension Field PE, PE is adjacent to EHT-LTF.
  • the sending unit is used to send PPDUs.
  • the beamforming responder (beamformee, Bfee) can determine that the PPDU is OFDMA based NDP according to the first field in the PPDU; , Bfer) feeds back channel state information to implement beamforming, resource scheduling and other functions for OFDMA transmission, thereby improving channel quality and throughput.
  • the communication device can be understood as Bfer.
  • the communication device may be, for example, an access point or a station. Or the communication device is deployed at an access point or a station.
  • the above first field may include PPDU type and compressed mode subfields.
  • the above-mentioned first field may include PPDU type and compressed mode subfields and the second field.
  • the PPDU type and compressed mode subfields are used to indicate that the PPDU is EHT sounding NDP
  • the second field is used to indicate that the PPDU is based on OFDMA transmission.
  • the above-mentioned first field may include a station identification STA ID subfield, and the STA ID subfield is used to indicate that the PPDU is EHT sounding NDP based on OFDMA transmission.
  • the above-mentioned PPDU may also include an extremely high throughput signaling field EHT-SIG, and the EHT-SIG includes n user fields, and the n user fields include the number of spatial streams subfield, and the beamforming subfield At least one, n is a positive integer.
  • EHT-SIG extremely high throughput signaling field
  • the above PPDU may further include an EHT-SIG, and the EHT-SIG only includes a common field, and the common field may include at least one of the number of spatial streams subfield and the beamforming subfield.
  • the above PPDU may also include general signaling fields U-SIG and EHT-SIG, U-SIG may include a first punctured channel indication field, and EHT-SIG may include a second punctured channel indication field .
  • U-SIG may include a first punctured channel indication field
  • EHT-SIG may include a second punctured channel indication field .
  • the first puncturing channel indication field is used to indicate the puncturing situation within the 80 MHz sub-block bandwidth where the U-SIG is located
  • the second puncturing channel indication field is used to indicate the puncturing situation within the entire PPDU bandwidth.
  • the above-mentioned second punctured channel indication field may include at least one resource unit indication subfield, and the resource unit indication subfield is used to indicate the puncturing situation of a subchannel within the PPDU bandwidth.
  • the above-mentioned second punctured channel indication field may include a bitmap subfield, and the bitmap subfield is used to indicate the puncturing situation within the entire PPDU bandwidth.
  • the present application further provides a communication device, including a processing unit and a sending unit.
  • the processing unit is used to generate very high throughput empty data packet declaration EHT NDPA frames.
  • the EHT NDPA frame includes the third field indicating the punching situation in the whole EHT sounding NDP bandwidth
  • the EHT sounding NDP includes a field that indicates that the punching situation in the whole EHT sounding NDP bandwidth is determined by the third field.
  • the sending unit is used to send EHT NDPA frames.
  • Bfee when transmitting based on OFDMA, Bfee can obtain the third field from the EHT NDPA frame according to the indication of the fourth field in the EHT sounding NDP, and determine the punching situation in the entire EHT sounding NDP bandwidth according to the indication of the third field. Then channel estimation can be performed according to the puncturing situation and EHT sounding NDP, and channel state information can be fed back to Bfer to realize beamforming, resource scheduling and other functions for OFDMA transmission, thereby improving channel quality and throughput.
  • the communication device can be understood as Bfer.
  • the communication device may be, for example, an access point or a station. Or the communication device is deployed at an access point or a station.
  • the above-mentioned third field may include at least one first information, and the first information is used to indicate that the beamforming responder Bfee feeds back the channel state information of a subchannel within the EHT sounding NDP bandwidth, or, the first The information is used to indicate that a subchannel within the EHT sounding NDP bandwidth is not punched.
  • the above-mentioned third field may also include at least one second information, and the second information is used to indicate that a subchannel within the EHT sounding NDP bandwidth is punched.
  • the present application further provides a communication device, including a processing unit and a sending unit.
  • the processing unit is used to receive the PPDU.
  • the PPDU includes the first field indicating that the PPDU is EHT sounding NDP based on OFDMA transmission.
  • the PPDU also includes EHT-LTF and PE, and the PE is adjacent to the EHT-LTF; the sending unit is used for channel estimation through the PPDU .
  • the beamforming responder (beamformee, Bfee) can determine that the PPDU is OFDMA based NDP according to the first field in the PPDU; , Bfer) feeds back channel state information to implement beamforming, resource scheduling and other functions for OFDMA transmission, thereby improving channel quality and throughput.
  • the communication device can be understood as Bfee.
  • the communication device may be, for example, an access point or a station. Or the communication device is deployed at an access point or a station.
  • the above first field may include PPDU type and compressed mode subfields.
  • the above-mentioned first field may include a PPDU type and a compressed mode subfield and a second field, the PPDU type and compressed mode subfield are used to indicate that the PPDU is EHT sounding NDP, and the second field is used to indicate that the PPDU is based on OFDMA transmission.
  • the above-mentioned first field may include a STA ID subfield, and the STA ID subfield is used to indicate that the PPDU is EHT sounding NDP based on OFDMA transmission.
  • the above PPDU may also include EHT-SIG, EHT-SIG includes n user fields, n user fields include spatial stream number subfield, at least one of beamforming subfields, n is a positive integer .
  • the above PPDU may further include an EHT-SIG, and the EHT-SIG only includes a common field, and the common field may include at least one of the number of spatial streams subfield and the beamforming subfield.
  • the above PPDU may further include a U-SIG and an EHT-SIG
  • the U-SIG may include a first punctured channel indication field
  • the EHT-SIG may include a second punctured channel indication field.
  • the first puncturing channel indication field is used to indicate the puncturing situation within the 80 MHz sub-block bandwidth where the U-SIG is located
  • the second puncturing channel indication field is used to indicate the puncturing situation within the entire PPDU bandwidth.
  • the above-mentioned second punctured channel indication field may include at least one resource unit indication subfield, and the resource unit indication subfield is used to indicate the puncturing status of a subchannel within the PPDU bandwidth.
  • the above-mentioned second punctured channel indication field may include a bitmap subfield, and the bitmap subfield is used to indicate the puncturing situation within the entire PPDU bandwidth.
  • the present application further provides a communication device, including a receiving unit and a processing unit.
  • the receiving unit is used to receive the EHT NDPA frame, the EHT NDPA frame includes the third field indicating the punching situation in the entire EHT sounding NDP bandwidth, and the EHT sounding NDP includes indicating that the punching situation in the entire EHT sounding NDP bandwidth is determined by the third field Field;
  • the processing unit is used to parse EHT NDPA frames.
  • Bfee can obtain the third field from the EHT NDPA frame according to the indication of the fourth field in the EHT sounding NDP, and determine the punching situation in the entire EHT sounding NDP bandwidth according to the indication of the third field.
  • channel estimation can be performed according to the puncturing situation and EHT sounding NDP, and channel state information can be fed back to Bfer to realize beamforming, resource scheduling and other functions for OFDMA transmission, thereby improving channel quality and throughput.
  • the third field may include at least one first information, and the first information is used to indicate that Bfee feeds back channel state information of a subchannel within the EHT sounding NDP bandwidth, or, the first information is used to indicate EHT sounding One subchannel within the NDP bandwidth is not punctured.
  • the third field further includes at least one second information, and the second information is used to indicate that a subchannel within the EHT sounding NDP bandwidth is punched.
  • the embodiments of the present application further provide a communication device, where the communication device may include: a processor and a transceiver.
  • the communication device may include: a processor and a transceiver.
  • a memory is further included, and when the processor executes the computer programs or instructions in the memory, the method in any implementation manner of the first aspect to the fourth aspect above is executed.
  • the communication device can be understood as a Bfer.
  • the communication device may be a station or an access point.
  • the embodiments of the present application further provide a computer-readable storage medium, in which computer instructions are stored, and the computer instructions instruct the communication device to execute the method in any one of the above-mentioned first to fourth aspects.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product, the computer program product includes a computer program, and when the computer program is run on the computer, the computer is made to execute the method of any one of the above first to fourth aspects. .
  • the present application further provides a processor, configured to execute the method in any implementation manner of the first aspect to the fourth aspect.
  • the process of sending the above information and receiving the above information in the above method can be understood as the process of outputting the above information by the processor, and the process of receiving the input of the above information by the processor.
  • the processor outputs the above information to the transceiver, so as to be transmitted by the transceiver.
  • the transceiver receives the above-mentioned information and inputs it to the processor. Furthermore, after the transceiver receives the above information, the above information may need to be processed before being input to the processor.
  • the above-mentioned processor may be a processor dedicated to performing these methods, or may be a processor that executes computer instructions in a memory to perform these methods, such as a general-purpose processor.
  • the above-mentioned memory can be a non-transitory (non-transitory) memory, such as a read-only memory (read only memory, ROM), which can be integrated with the processor on the same chip, or can be respectively arranged on different chips.
  • ROM read-only memory
  • the present application provides a chip system, which includes a processor and an interface, configured to support the communication transmission device to implement the functions involved in the methods of any one of the first to fourth aspects, for example, At least one of the data and information involved in the above methods is determined or processed.
  • the chip system further includes a memory, and the memory is used to store necessary information and data of the aforementioned communication device.
  • the system-on-a-chip may consist of chips, or may include chips and other discrete devices.
  • the present application provides a functional entity, which is used to implement the method described in any one of the first aspect to the fourth aspect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a WLAN communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a chip provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an EHT channel detection process
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the EHT MU PPDU adopted by 802.11be;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the EHT sounding NDP adopted by 802.11be;
  • FIG. 7 is a first schematic flow diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of EHT-SIG provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the second structure of EHT-SIG provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of channel punching provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the third structure of the EHT-SIG provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a second schematic flow diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram one of the EHT NDPA frame provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 14 is the second structural representation of the EHT NDPA frame that the embodiment of the present application provides;
  • Fig. 15 is a structural schematic diagram three of the EHT NDPA frame provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 16 is a third schematic flow diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 17 is a first block diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 18 is a second block diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 19 is a third block diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 20 is a fourth block diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application can be applied to the scenario of a wireless local area network, and can be applied to the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, IEEE) 802.11 system standard, such as the 802.11a/b/g standard, the 802.11n standard, and the 802.11ac standard , 802.11ax standard, or its next generation, such as the 802.11be standard or a later generation standard.
  • the embodiments of the present application may also be applicable to wireless local area network systems such as an Internet of Things (Internet of Things, IoT) network or a Vehicle to X (Vehicle to X, V2X) network.
  • IoT Internet of Things
  • V2X Vehicle to X
  • the embodiment of the present application can also be applicable to other possible communication systems, for example, long term evolution (long term evolution, LTE) system, LTE frequency division duplex (frequency division duplex, FDD) system, LTE time division duplex (time division) duplex, TDD), universal mobile telecommunication system (universal mobile telecommunication system, UMTS), global interconnection microwave access (worldwide interoperability for microwave access, WiMAX) communication system, fifth generation (5th generation, 5G) communication system, and future The sixth generation (6th generation, 6G) communication system, etc.
  • LTE long term evolution
  • LTE frequency division duplex frequency division duplex
  • FDD frequency division duplex
  • time division duplex time division duplex
  • TDD time division duplex
  • TDD time division duplex
  • UMTS universal mobile telecommunication system
  • WiMAX global interconnection microwave access
  • 5th generation, 5G fifth generation
  • 6G sixth generation
  • the communication system may include: one or more access points (access point, AP), and one or more stations (station, STA).
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture of a communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • APs include AP1 and AP2, and STAs include STA1, STA2, and STA3.
  • the AP can schedule radio resources for the STA, and transmit data for the STA on the scheduled radio resources.
  • AP1 may schedule wireless resources for STA1 and STA3, and transmit data for STA1 and STA3 on the scheduled wireless resources, and the data may include uplink data information and/or downlink data information.
  • one or more APs can communicate with one or more STAs.
  • APs can communicate with each other, and STAs can communicate with each other.
  • the STA is used as a mobile phone and the AP is used as a router as an example, which does not mean that the types of APs and STAs in this document are limited. Moreover, the number of APs and STAs in FIG. 1 is only an example, and does not mean that the number of APs and STAs in the communication system herein is limited. The number of APs and STAs in the network architecture of the above-mentioned communication system can be more or less. few.
  • an AP may be a device deployed in a wireless communication network and providing wireless communication functions for its associated STAs.
  • APs can be deployed in homes, buildings, and campuses, and of course, they can also be deployed outdoors.
  • the coverage radius of an AP can be tens of meters to hundreds of meters.
  • AP is equivalent to a bridge connecting wired network and wireless network.
  • the role of the AP includes: connecting various wireless network clients together, and then connecting the wireless network to the Ethernet.
  • the AP may be a terminal device (such as a mobile phone) or a network device (such as a router) with a wireless-fidelity (wreless-fidelity, Wi-Fi) chip.
  • the AP can be a device supporting the 802.11be standard.
  • the AP may also be a device supporting multiple wireless local area networks (wireless local area networks, WLAN) standards of the 802.11 family such as 802.11ax, 802.11ac, 802.11n, 802.11g, 802.11b, and 802.11a.
  • the AP in this application can be an extremely high throughput (extramely high throughput, EHT) AP or a high efficient (high efficient, HE) AP, and can also be an access point applicable to a certain future generation of Wi-Fi standards. Wherein, the extremely high throughput rate may also be referred to as extremely high throughput.
  • the AP may include a processor and a transceiver.
  • the processor is used to control and manage actions of the AP (such as analyzing signaling information, processing communication-related data, etc.), and the transceiver is used to receive or send information.
  • a STA may be a wireless communication chip, a wireless sensor, or a wireless communication terminal, etc., and may also be called a user (or user station).
  • STA can be a mobile phone supporting Wi-Fi communication function, a tablet computer supporting Wi-Fi communication function, a set-top box supporting Wi-Fi communication function, a smart TV supporting Wi-Fi communication function, a Wi-Fi communication function Smart wearable devices, in-vehicle communication devices supporting Wi-Fi communication functions, computers supporting Wi-Fi communication functions, etc.
  • the STA can support the 802.11be standard.
  • the STA can also support multiple wireless local area network (wireless local area networks, WLAN) standards of the 802.11 family such as 802.11ax, 802.11ac, 802.11n, 802.11g, 802.11b, and 802.11a.
  • the STA in this application may be an extremely high throughput (extramely high throughput, EHT) STA or a high efficient (high efficient, HE) STA, and may also be a station applicable to a certain future generation of Wi-Fi standards.
  • the STA may include a processor and a transceiver.
  • the processor is used to control and manage actions of the STA (such as analyzing signaling information, processing communication-related data, etc.), and the transceiver is used to receive or send information.
  • the above-mentioned access points and stations may be: devices applied in the Internet of Vehicles, IoT nodes, sensors, etc. in the Internet of Things (IoT, internet of things), smart cameras in smart homes, and smart remote controllers , smart water meters, sensors in smart cities, etc., as well as communication servers, routers, switches, bridges, computers, mobile phones, etc.
  • IoT Internet of Things
  • smart cameras in smart homes
  • smart remote controllers smart water meters
  • communication servers routers, switches, bridges, computers, mobile phones, etc.
  • the APs and STAs involved in the embodiments of the present application may also be collectively referred to as WLAN communication devices.
  • the WLAN communication device may include a hardware structure and a software module.
  • the WLAN communication device may implement various communication functions (such as functions corresponding to the communication method in the embodiments herein) in the form of a hardware structure, a software module, or a hardware structure plus a software module.
  • a certain function among the various communication functions may be implemented in the form of a hardware structure, a software module, or a hardware structure plus a software module.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a WLAN communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the WLAN communication device 200 may include: a processor 201 , a transceiver 205 , and optionally a memory 202 .
  • the transceiver 205 may be called a transceiver unit, a transceiver, or a transceiver circuit, etc., and is used to realize a transceiver function, for example, communicate with other devices or other communication networks, and send and receive information.
  • the other communication networks may be Ethernet, wireless Network access (radio access network, RAN), WLAN, etc.
  • the transceiver 205 may include a receiver and a transmitter, and the receiver may be called a receiver or a receiving circuit, etc., for realizing the function of receiving information; the transmitter may be called a transmitter or a sending circuit, etc., for realizing the function of sending information .
  • Computer program or software code or instructions 204 may be stored in memory 202 , which may also be referred to as firmware.
  • the processor 201 can control the media access control (media access control, MAC) layer and the physical layer by running the computer program or software code or instruction 203 therein, or by calling the computer program or software code or instruction 204 stored in the memory 202. (physical layer, PHY) to implement the communication methods provided by the following embodiments of the present application.
  • media access control media access control, MAC
  • PHY physical layer, PHY
  • the processor 201 can be a central processing unit (central processing unit, CPU), a general-purpose processor network processor (network processor, NP), a digital signal processor (digital signal processing, DSP), a microprocessor, a microcontroller , programmable logic device (programmable logic device, PLD) or any combination thereof.
  • the processor 301 may also be other devices with processing functions, such as circuits, devices or software modules, which are not limited.
  • the memory 304 can be a read-only memory (read-only memory, ROM) or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and/or instructions, and can also be a random access memory (random access memory, RAM) or can store information and/or other types of dynamic storage devices for instructions, and can also be electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, optical disc storage (including compact discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), magnetic disc storage media or other magnetic storage devices, etc., without limitation.
  • EEPROM electrically erasable programmable read-only memory
  • CD-ROM compact disc read-only memory
  • optical disc storage including compact discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.
  • magnetic disc storage media or other magnetic storage devices etc., without limitation.
  • the processor 201 and transceiver 205 described in this application can be implemented in integrated circuit (integrated circuit, IC), analog IC, radio frequency integrated circuit RFIC, mixed signal IC, application specific integrated circuit (application specific integrated circuit, ASIC), printed circuit board (printed circuit board, PCB), electronic equipment, etc.
  • integrated circuit integrated circuit, IC
  • analog IC analog IC
  • radio frequency integrated circuit RFIC radio frequency integrated circuit
  • mixed signal IC application specific integrated circuit
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • PCB printed circuit board
  • electronic equipment etc.
  • the above-mentioned WLAN communication device 200 may further include an antenna 206 . It should be noted that each module included in the WLAN communication device 200 is only for illustration, and this application is not limited thereto.
  • the WLAN communication device 200 described in the above embodiments may be an AP or STA, but the scope of the WLAN communication device described in this application is not limited thereto, and the structure of the WLAN communication device may not be limited by FIG. 2 .
  • a WLAN communication device may be a stand-alone device or may be part of a larger device.
  • the implementation form of the WLAN communication device may be: (1) an independent integrated circuit IC, or a chip, or, a chip system or a subsystem; (2) a collection of one or more ICs, optionally, the IC collection It can also include storage components for storing data and instructions; (3) modules that can be embedded in other devices; (4) receivers, smart terminals, wireless devices, handhelds, mobile units, vehicle-mounted devices, cloud devices, artificial smart devices, etc.; (5) others, etc.
  • the implementation form of the WLAN communication device is a chip or a chip system
  • the chip or chip system shown in FIG. 3 includes a processor 301 and an interface 302 .
  • the number of processors 301 may be one or more, and the number of interfaces 302 may be more than one.
  • the chip or chip system may include a memory 303 .
  • channel detection can usually be performed between the AP and the STA using a null data packet announcement (NDPA) frame and a null data packet (NDP).
  • NDPA null data packet announcement
  • NDP null data packet
  • the physical layer protocol data unit physical layer protocol data unit, PPDU.
  • Channel detection in this application may also be referred to as channel measurement or channel estimation.
  • the AP first sends an NDPA frame, and the NDPA frame is used to notify STAs that need to perform channel detection. Then, after a short inter-frame space (SIFS), the AP sends the NDP without the data field part. STA uses NDP to perform channel estimation, and then feeds back channel state information (channel state information, CSI) through beamforming report (beamforming report, BF Report) frame. Finally, the AP obtains channel state information according to the BF Report frame fed back by the STA to implement functions such as beamforming (BF) and resource scheduling.
  • CSI channel state information
  • BF Report beamforming report
  • the EHT channel detection process includes: a non-trigger based (Non-TB) EHT channel detection process, and a trigger based (TB) EHT channel detection process.
  • Non-TB non-trigger based
  • TB trigger based
  • the non-trigger-based EHT channel detection process is applicable to channel detection between a single AP and a single STA, and also between a single AP and a single AP, and between a single STA and a single STA.
  • the non-trigger-based EHT channel detection process is as follows:
  • the AP first sends an EHT empty data packet statement to STA1 ( EHT null data packet announcement, EHT NDPA) frame (frame), indicating the parameters of channel detection related to STA1. Then, after a short inter-frame space (SIFS), the AP sends an EHT sounding NDP to STA1. STA1 performs channel estimation through EHT sounding NDP, and then feeds back EHT compressed beamforming (EHT compressed beamforming)/channel quality indication (channel quality indication, CQI) frame. Wherein, the EHT compressed beamforming/channel quality indication frame may also be called a beamforming report.
  • EHT compressed beamforming/channel quality indication frame may also be called a beamforming report.
  • the trigger-based EHT channel detection process can trigger multiple Bfees to perform channel detection, thereby further improving the efficiency of channel detection.
  • the difference between the trigger-based EHT channel detection process and the above-mentioned non-trigger-based EHT channel detection process is that in the trigger-based EHT channel detection process, the AP sends the EHT sounding After NDP, after 1 SIFS, a beamforming report poll trigger frame (beamforming report poll trigger frame, BFRP TF) can also be sent to the STA to trigger multiple Bfees to perform channel detection.
  • the AP can send EHT NDPA frames, EHT sounding NDP, and BFRP TF to multiple STAs (including STA1, STA2, and STA3).
  • a device that sends NDPA frames and NDP can be understood as Bfer; a device that receives NDPA frames and NDP and feeds back a beamforming report according to the NDPA frame and NDP can be understood as Bfee, and the beamforming report can include channel state information.
  • Bfer may be an AP or an STA.
  • Bfee can be STA or AP.
  • EHT MU PPDU Extreme high throughput multiple user physical layer protocol data unit
  • WLAN starts from 802.11a/b/g, goes through 802.11n, 802.11ac, 802.11ax to 802.11be under discussion.
  • the name of the 802.11ax standard is high efficient (HE)
  • the name of the 802.11be standard is extremely high throughput (EHT).
  • EHT PPDU physical layer protocol data unit
  • PPDU physical layer protocol data unit
  • EHT MU PPDU a format of EHT PPDU is defined as EHT MU PPDU.
  • EHT MU PPDU can support single-user data transmission (including uplink or downlink), and support downlink multi-user data transmission.
  • FIG. 5 shows a structure of an EHT MU PPDU that may be adopted by 802.11be.
  • the EHT MU PPDU includes a preamble part, a data (data) field, and a packet extension (PE) field.
  • PE packet extension
  • the preamble part includes: traditional-short training field (legacy short training field, L-STF), traditional-long training field (legacy long training field, L-LTF), traditional-signaling field (legacy signal field, L-STF) -SIG), repeated traditional signaling field (repeated L-SIG, RL-SIG) and universal signaling field (universal SIG, U-SIG), very high throughput signaling field (EHT-SIG), very high throughput Short training field (extremely high throughput short training field, EHT-STF), extremely high throughput long training field (extremely high throughput long training field, EHT-LTF).
  • each field in the EHT MU PPDU can be referred to in Table 1 below.
  • the above-mentioned U-SIG may exist in the PPDU in the 802.11be standard and several subsequent generations of standards.
  • the subfield in the U-SIG can indicate that the PPDU carrying the U-SIG is an EHT PPDU, and indicate which generation standard the EHT PPDU is, that is, is the standard that indicates the EHT PPDU corresponds to.
  • EHT sounding NDP is a transmission mode of EHT MU PPDU, or it can be said that EHT sounding NDP is an EHT MU PPDU without a data field part.
  • EHT sounding NDP can also be understood as a kind of NDP, or PPDU without data field.
  • FIG. 6 shows a structure of EHT sounding NDP that may be adopted by 802.11be.
  • the description of each field in the EHT sounding NDP can refer to the above Table 1, and will not be repeated here. It can be seen that the difference between EHT sounding NDP and EHT MU PPDU is that there is no data field in EHT sounding NDP, that is, the number of symbols in the data field in EHT sounding NDP is 0.
  • EHT sounding NDP can be used for channel detection between Bfer and Bfee during non-(non)-OFDMA transmission, and can help the device (such as AP) that sends EHT sounding NDP to obtain the information between the sending and receiving ends (including Bfer and Bfee). channel state information, and then perform beamforming and resource scheduling.
  • the current EHT sounding NDP in 802.11be is only applicable to non-OFDMA transmission, not OFDMA transmission.
  • an AP or STA uses EHT sounding NDP for channel detection
  • the current EHT sounding NDP is designed based on non-OFDMA transmission, it is only suitable for channel detection during non-OFDMA transmission.
  • the AP or STA cannot perform channel detection for OFDMA transmission, or the current EHT sounding NDP cannot accurately perform channel detection for OFDMA transmission, that is, the design of the current EHT sounding NDP is flawed.
  • OFDMA-based NDP for channel detection is not designed in 802.11be, which makes AP or STA unable to perform channel detection when transmitting based on OFDMA, resulting in AP or STA unable to obtain channel state information to realize beam Forming, resource scheduling and other functions, resulting in poor channel quality and low throughput.
  • EHT sounding NDP based on non-OFDMA transmission can be understood as non-OFDMA based EHT sounding NDP (or non-OFDMA based NDP), so EHT sounding NDP based on non-OFDMA transmission can be called non-OFDMA based NDP .
  • the 802.11be standard under discussion includes two versions: the first version (Release 1, R1) and the second version (Release 2, R2).
  • the difference between R1 and R2 mainly lies in the different characteristics.
  • R1 only involves some basic characteristics, and R2 will further involve some other characteristics to be determined.
  • the equipment of the first version can be called the equipment that implements the basic features of EHT.
  • the attribute value dot11EHTBaseLineFeaturesImplementedOnly in a management information base can be used to indicate that it is 1.
  • the device of the second version can be called a device that does not implement the basic features of EHT, or a device that implements advanced features of EHT, which can be indicated by using dot11EHTBaseLineFeaturesImplementedOnly as 0, which is not limited by the solution of the present invention.
  • the device of the first version may be referred to as the R1 device for short
  • the device of the second version may be referred to as the R2 device for short.
  • the signaling field in the physical layer preamble includes: reserved/unused bits (reserved bits), and the reserved/unused bits can be divided into ignore bits and confirmation bits.
  • the value of a certain (sub)field can be set as a reserved/unused state (entry), and the reserved/unused state (entry) can be divided into a ignore state and a confirmed state.
  • the R1 device finds that the confirmation bit in a PPDU is not set to the default value (or default value) specified in the standard or the value of some subfields is set to the confirmed state, it needs to wait until the end of the PPDU (defer for the duration of the PPDU), transfer the relevant information in the version-independent to the medium access control (medium access control, MAC) layer, which is used to ensure the coexistence of the new device and the traditional device, and terminate the reception of the PPDU.
  • medium access control medium access control
  • ignore bits or subfields that are set to ignore status
  • the confirmation bit is not set to the default value (or default value) specified in the standard or the value of some subfields If it is set to the confirmed state, the device will ignore the ignore bit, or ignore a subfield that is set to ignore, and continue to read other fields.
  • the reception is terminated; the value of the ignore bit is regardless of the value or a certain subfield is set to the ignored state, it can be ignored.
  • the U-SIG Overflow (U-SIG Overflow) part of the EHT-SIG field of the EHT sounding NDP includes 2 ignore bits.
  • the U-SIG field of EHT sounding NDP there is a confirmed state in the joint indication of the uplink and downlink subfields and the PPDU type and compression mode subfields.
  • the current device when the value is set to a non-default value of 0, then the current device (the old device already on the market) will wait until the end of the PPDU and update the version The relevant information in Don't Care is passed to the MAC layer to ensure coexistence and terminate the reception of the PPDU.
  • the joint indication of the uplink and downlink subfields and the PPDU type and compressed mode subfields is a confirmation state that is not yet used in the current standard
  • the current device will also wait until the end of the PPDU, and pass the relevant information in the version independent to the The MAC layer is used to ensure coexistence and terminate the reception of the PPDU.
  • the ignore bit is given a new function in the subsequent standard, no matter what value it is set to, if there is no non-default confirmation bit and confirmation status in the PPDU, the current device will ignore this bit or this subfield, Continue to receive other fields.
  • the sending end (such as the AP) may transmit data to the receiving end (such as the STA) on one or more channels that are not busy.
  • the sending end also needs to send an indication message to the receiving end when transmitting data to the receiving end, which is used to indicate continuous Among the multiple channels, the channel that is busy and the channel that carries data, the indication information indicates the puncturing mode.
  • a busy channel may also be called a puncturing channel, and a channel carrying data may be called a non-puncturing channel. In this way, the utilization rate of the channel can be improved, thereby improving the throughput (throughput).
  • 802.11be does not design NDP for channel detection based on OFDMA, which makes it impossible for AP or STA to perform channel detection when transmitting based on OFDMA.
  • the punching mode defined in the 802.11be standard discussed at this stage is not flexible enough.
  • EHT PPDU includes two types, one is EHT PPDU including data field, and the other is EHT PPDU not including data field. In other words, one is an EHT PPDU for data transmission and the other is an EHT PPDU for channel estimation.
  • the EHT PPDU used for channel estimation includes an extremely high throughput-long training field (EHT-LTF) and a packet extension field (PE).
  • EHT-LTF extremely high throughput-long training field
  • PE packet extension field
  • PE is adjacent to EHT-LTF, that is, there is no data field between PE and EHT-LTF .
  • the EHT-LTF does not include the data field, or the number of symbols in the PPDU data field is 0.
  • the EHT PPDU that does not include the data field is EHT sonding NDP.
  • the EHT+PPDU may include EHT+-LTF and PE.
  • EHT sonding NDP When the PPDU used for channel estimation provided by this application is EHT sonding NDP, and it is an NDP based on OFDMA transmission, it includes: indicating that the PPDU is a first field of EHT sounding NDP based on OFDMA transmission.
  • EHT sounding NDP based on OFDMA transmission can be called OFDMA based NDP, or OFDMA based EHT sounding NDP.
  • Bfee can determine that the PPDU provided by this application is OFDMA based NDP according to the first field in the PPDU provided by this application, so that it can be based on During OFDMA transmission, channel estimation is performed through the PPDU provided by this application to feed back channel state information to Bfer, so as to realize functions such as beamforming and resource scheduling for OFDMA transmission, thereby improving channel quality and throughput.
  • 802.11ax such as 802.11be
  • FIG. 7 is a first schematic flowchart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application. The method may include the steps of:
  • Bfer generates a PPDU.
  • the PPDU can be the aforementioned EHT sounding NDP, and is based on OFDMA based NDP.
  • the PPDU for channel estimation proposed by the method embodiment of the present application can be applied to OFDMA transmission, and the first field is included in the PPDU to indicate that it is an EHT sounding PPDU, and it is based on OFDMA based NDP, so that the PPDU can be used for Bfee performs channel detection based on OFDMA transmission.
  • the PPDU provided by this application can support more flexible puncturing methods, and can be used for beamforming, resource scheduling and other functions of OFDMA transmission, thereby improving channel quality and throughput.
  • the PPDU for channel estimation proposed in this embodiment of the present application may be any one of the four types of PPDUs for channel estimation provided in the following embodiments, or any combination of these four types of PPDUs for channel estimation. Wherein, these structures can be applied to standard PPDUs after 802.11ax.
  • the first type of PPDU used for channel estimation provided in the embodiment of the present application may include a first field indicating that the PPDU is OFDMA based NDP.
  • the first field in the PPDU used for channel estimation provided in this application is used to indicate that the PPDU is OFDMA based NDP.
  • OFDMA based NDP itself supports a more flexible punching method than non-OFDMA based NDP
  • Bfee can determine that the PPDU is OFDMA based NDP according to the first field in the PPDU; then use the PPDU to perform channel estimation during OFDMA-based transmission , and feed back channel state information to Bfer to implement beamforming, resource scheduling and other functions for OFDMA transmission supporting more flexible puncturing methods, thereby improving channel quality and throughput.
  • the second type of PPDU used for channel estimation provided by the embodiment of the present application may include an extremely high throughput signaling field (EHT-SIG).
  • the EHT-SIG may include n user fields, and the n user fields may include at least one of the number of spatial streams subfield and the beamforming subfield, and n may be a positive integer.
  • the PPDU used for channel estimation and the PPDU used for data transmission based on OFDMA provided by the embodiment of the present application can use the user field with the same structure, and the process of the receiver parsing the EHT-SIG in the two can be the same, thereby reducing the Receiver implementation complexity.
  • the third type of PPDU used for channel estimation provided by the embodiment of the present application may include EHT-SIG, and the EHT-SIG may only include common fields, and the common fields may include at least one of the number of spatial streams subfield and the beamforming subfield. In this way, the common field can be used to carry the subfield of the number of spatial streams and the subfield of beamforming, thereby reducing the overhead of the EHT-SIG.
  • the fourth type of PPDU used for channel estimation may include a universal signaling field (U-SIG) and an EHT-SIG.
  • the U-SIG may include a first punctured channel indication field
  • the EHT-SIG may include a second punctured channel indication field.
  • the first punctured channel indication field is used to indicate the puncturing situation within the 80 MHz sub-block bandwidth where the U-SIG is located.
  • the second puncturing channel indication field is used to indicate the puncturing situation within the entire PPDU bandwidth.
  • the first punctured channel indication field and the second punctured channel indication field are used to indicate the puncturing mode of the PPDU, so that more puncturing modes can be indicated, so that this
  • the PPDU provided by the application supports more flexible hole punching modes.
  • any of the above four kinds of PPDUs for channel estimation provided in the embodiment of the present application can be combined with each other on a non-mutually exclusive basis, and the combined PPDU can have the effect of several combined PPDUs.
  • the implementation of the first PPDU for channel estimation and the fourth PPDU for channel estimation can be combined.
  • the combined PPDU not only includes the first field indicating that the PPDU is OFDMA based NDP, but also includes A first punctured channel indication field and a second punctured channel indication field that support a more flexible puncturing mode.
  • Bfee uses the combined PPDU for channel estimation, it can not only use the combined PPDU to implement beamforming and resource scheduling for OFDMA transmission, improve channel quality and throughput, but also support more flexible puncturing modes.
  • the first type of PPDU used for channel estimation and the fourth type of PPDU used for channel estimation may be combined.
  • the combined PPDU includes the fields described in Type 1 PPDU-Type 4 PPDU.
  • the combined PPDU can have the effects of all PPDUs in the first type PPDU-the fourth type PPDU.
  • the names of various fields/subfields included in several PPDUs used for channel estimation provided in the embodiments of this application are determined according to the 802.11be standard after 802.11ax, such as EHT-LTF, STA ID, PPDU type and compression mode (PPDU type&compression mode) subfield, number of spatial streams subfield, beamforming subfield, perforated channel indication field, EHT-SIG, etc.
  • EHT-LTF EHT-LTF
  • STA ID PPDU type and compression mode (PPDU type&compression mode) subfield
  • number of spatial streams subfield e.g., beamforming subfield
  • perforated channel indication field e.g., perforated channel indication field
  • EHT-SIG e.g., PPDU type&compression mode
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the naming of these fields/subfields, and in other embodiments, other names may also be replaced.
  • the named names of these fields/subfields may also be replaced with names of fields corresponding
  • Bfer sends a PPDU for channel estimation to Bfee.
  • Bfee receives the PPDU from Bfer.
  • Bfee can obtain the puncturing situation of the PPDU based on the PPDU provided by this application for channel estimation, and then perform channel estimation according to the obtained puncturing situation and the PPDU provided by this application to obtain channel state information.
  • the communication method shown in FIG. 7 may further include: Bfee sends a beamforming report including the channel state information to Bfer.
  • Bfee can perform channel estimation through the PPDU indicated by the first field as OFDMA based NDP, obtain channel state information, and feed back beamforming to Bfer report to implement beamforming, resource scheduling and other functions for OFDMA transmission, thereby improving channel quality and throughput.
  • 802.11ax such as 802.11be
  • the Bfer may be an AP or an STA.
  • Bfee can be STA or AP.
  • the PPDU transmitted in the communication method of the embodiment of the present application may adopt the first structure of the PPDU used for channel estimation provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the first type of PPDU used for channel estimation includes a first field, and the first field is used to indicate that the PPDU is OFDMA based NDP.
  • Bfee can perform channel estimation according to the PPDU indicated as OFDMA based NDP by the first field, and feed back channel state information to Bfer, so as to realize functions such as beamforming and resource scheduling in OFDMA transmission, and then Improve channel quality and throughput.
  • the first type of PPDU used for channel estimation may include at least one of U-SIG and EHT-SIG.
  • the first field may be realized by using subfields included in at least one of U-SIG and EHT-SIG (such as reserved/unused bits, PPDU type, and compressed mode subfields, etc.). Or in other words, the first field may be located in at least one field of U-SIG and EHT-SIG.
  • the implementation of the first field will be specifically described below in conjunction with the U-SIG field (refer to Table 2 below) and the EHT-SIG field.
  • U-SIG is a possible structure table of U-SIG in the PPDU used for channel estimation provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • U-SIG may include the following multiple fields: physical layer version indication (version identifier) field, bandwidth field, uplink/downlink (UL/DL) field, basic service set color (basic service set color, BSS color) field, transmission opportunity (transmit opportunity, TXOP) field, ignore bits, confirmation bits, PPDU type and compressed mode subfields, confirmation bits, punched channel indication field, confirmation bits, EHT-SIG coding and modulation Policy (modulation and coding scheme, MCS) field, EHT-SIG symbol number (number of EHT-SIG symbols) field, cyclic redundancy code (cyclic redundancy code, CRC) and tail bit (tail).
  • MCS modulation and coding scheme
  • EHT-SIG symbol number number of EHT-SIG symbols
  • CRC cyclic redundancy code
  • tail bit tail bit
  • the PPDU used for channel estimation provided by the embodiment of the present application may include EHT-SIG, and the EHT-SIG may include public fields and user specific fields (user specific field), where the description of the public field part and the user specific field part may be Refer to the relevant descriptions in FIG. 8 and Table 4 below, and details are not repeated here.
  • Bx-By is used to represent the xth bit to the yth bit
  • x and y are integers
  • x ⁇ 0, y ⁇ 0, y ⁇ x are integers
  • B3-B7 represents bit 3-bit 7.
  • the first field in the PPDU used for channel estimation includes a PPDU type and a compressed mode subfield.
  • the PPDU type and compressed mode subfields are used to indicate that the PPDU is OFDMA based NDP.
  • the relevant description of the PPDU type and compressed mode subfield can refer to the above Table 2, and the bit positions of the PPDU type and compressed mode subfield in the U-SIG are located in B0-B1 of the second symbol of the U-SIG.
  • the first field above can be realized by using the PPDU type and compressed mode subfields in the U-SIG.
  • Mode 1 based on the PPDU type and compression mode subfield indicated as 3, indicating that the PPDU is OFDMA based NDP.
  • relevant signaling can be reused as much as possible, and the receiving process of Bfee under other EHT PPDU types and compression modes (such as OFDMA type data transmission) should not be changed as far as possible, reducing the complexity of implementation.
  • PPDU1 may be an uplink PPDU or a downlink PPDU, that is, the uplink/downlink field of PPDU1 may be indicated as 0 or 1.
  • the purpose of the indication can be designed according to actual needs, for example, it can be designed as shown in Table 3-1 or Table 3-2
  • the PPDU type and compression mode subfields of the PPDU are not limited in this application.
  • Mode 2 based on the PPDU type and compression mode subfield indication being 0 and the number of symbols in the PPDU data field being 0, indicating that the PPDU is OFDMA based NDP.
  • Bfee receives the PPDU whose PPDU type and compressed mode subfield indicate 0, if it is determined that the number of symbols in the data field of the PPDU is 0, then it is determined that the PPDU is OFDMA based NDP. Wherein, the number of symbols in the data field is 0, indicating that the PPDU does not contain a data field.
  • PPDU2 does not include a data field, and the PPDU type and compression mode subfields of PPDU2 indicate 0.
  • Bfee receives PPDU2, it can determine that PPDU2 is OFDMA based NDP according to the PPDU type and compression mode subfield indicated as 0 in PPDU2 and the calculated symbol number of PPDU2 data field as 0. Therefore, Bfee can perform channel estimation through PPDU2, and feed back channel state information to Bfer.
  • PPDU2 may only be a downlink PPDU, that is, the uplink/downlink field of PPDU2 indicates 0.
  • EHT PPDU type and compression mode subfields in Table 3-1 above are indicated as 3, which can indicate the confirmation status.
  • the purpose of the indication can be designed according to actual requirements.
  • method 1 can help Bfee to identify PPDU as OFDMA based NDP earlier, without the need to confirm that PPDU is OFDMA based NDP after calculating that the number of symbols in the data field of PPDU is 0 . This will help improve the efficiency of Bfee receiving OFDMA based NDP, reduce the requirements for Bfee processing delay, and reduce the cost of Bfee.
  • the first field in the PPDU used for channel estimation includes: PPDU type and compressed mode subfields, and a second field.
  • the second field Based on the PPDU type and compression mode subfield, the second field indicates that the PPDU is OFDMA based NDP.
  • the second field may be located in at least one of U-SIG and EHT-SIG.
  • the second field can be a confirmation bit or a ignore bit, or, referring to Table 2, the position of the second field can be one or more of the following: B20-B24 of the first symbol of U-SIG, the first symbol of U-SIG B25 for the first symbol, B2 for the second U-SIG symbol, B8 for the second U-SIG symbol, and B8 for the second U-SIG symbol.
  • the first field above can be realized by using the PPDU type and compression mode subfields and the second field.
  • the following methods can be referred to in the specific implementation (mode 3, mode 4):
  • Mode 3 based on the PPDU type and the compressed mode subfield indicating 1, indicating that the PPDU is EHT sounding NDP; on this basis, based on the second field indicating the first value, indicating that the PPDU is based on OFDMA transmission.
  • the first value may be an agreed value.
  • the second field is a confirmation bit or a ignore bit
  • the first value may be a value other than the default value 1 (that is, a non-default value), such as 0.
  • Indicating that the PPDU is EHT sounding NDP includes: indicating that the PPDU is EHT sounding NDP based on OFDMA, or EHT sounding NDP based on non-OFDMA. If the PPDU type and compressed mode subfields indicate that the PPDU is EHT sounding NDP, and the second field indicates that the PPDU is based on OFDMA transmission, then the PPDU is OFDMA based NDP.
  • the second field is the 25th bit (hereinafter referred to as the B25 bit) of the first symbol of the U-SIG field in Table 2, and the PPDU is PPDU3 as an example.
  • the PPDU type and compression of PPDU3 The mode subfield indicates 1, and the B25 bit of PPDU3 indicates 0.
  • Bfee receives PPDU3
  • Bfee can determine that PPDU3 is EHT sounding NDP according to the PPDU type and compression mode subfield indicated as 1 in PPDU3; and determine that PPDU3 is based on OFDMA transmission according to the B25 bit indicated as 0.
  • Bfee can determine that PPDU3 is OFDMA based NDP. In this way, Bfee can perform channel estimation through PPDU3, and feed back channel state information to Bfer.
  • PPDU3 may be an uplink PPDU or a downlink PPDU, that is, the uplink/downlink field of PPDU3 may indicate 0 or 1.
  • mode 3 when the PPDU type and the compression mode subfield are not indicated as 1, it means that the PPDU is not OFDMA based NDP, so based on the PPDU type and the compression mode subfield are not indicated as 1, it can be determined that the PPDU is not OFDMA based NDP, no need to judge the value indicated by the second field.
  • Bfee Bfee can further judge the value indicated by the second field when it is determined that the PPDU type and the compression mode subfield are indicated as 1, and if the second field indicates the first value, then determine that the PPDU is OFDMA based NDP.
  • mode 3 can also be expressed as: based on the PPDU type and the compression mode subfield indication as 1, indicating that the PPDU is EHT sounding NDP; based on the second field indication as the first value and the PPDU type and compression mode subfield indication as 1, Indicates that the PPDU is OFDMA based NDP.
  • EHT PPDU type and compression mode subfields in Table 3-2 above are indicated as 3, which can indicate the confirmation status.
  • the purpose of the indication can be designed according to actual requirements.
  • the PPDU is EHT sounding NDP or SU transmission.
  • the compression mode subfield indication is 1, indicating that the PPDU is SU transmission or EHT sounding NDP; based on the second field indication as the first value and the PPDU type and compression The mode subfield indicates 1, indicating that the PPDU is OFDMA based NDP.
  • the EHT-SIG MCS indication is 0, and the EHT-SIG symbol number indication is 0 (indicating 1 symbol) , indicating that the PPDU is non-OFDMA based NDP.
  • the EHT-SIG MCS indicates 0, and the number of EHT-SIG symbols indicates 0 (indicating 1 symbol), indicating PPDU It is non-OFDMA based NDP. That is to say, this manner may or may not be related to the second field.
  • the fourth value may be a non-default value or a default value, that is, the fourth value may be 0 or 1.
  • the fifth value may be the inverse value of the first value, that is to say, the fifth value may be a default value, that is, the fifth value may be 1.
  • Mode 4 based on the PPDU type and the compressed mode subfield indicating 0, indicating that the PPDU is based on OFDMA transmission; based on the second field indicating the first value, indicating that the PPDU is EHT sounding NDP.
  • the PPDU type and compressed mode subfields indicate that the PPDU is based on OFDMA transmission, and the second field indicates that the PPDU is EHT sounding NDP, then the PPDU is OFDMA based NDP.
  • the second field is the 25th bit (hereinafter referred to as the B25 bit) of the first symbol of the U-SIG field in Table 2, and the PPDU is PPDU4 as an example.
  • the PPDU type and compression of PPDU4 The mode subfield indicates 1, and the B25 bit of PPDU4 indicates 0.
  • Bfee receives PPDU4, Bfee can determine that PPDU4 is based on OFDMA transmission according to the PPDU type and compression mode subfield indicated as 1 in PPDU4; and determine that PPDU4 is EHT sounding NDP according to the B25 bit indicated as 0.
  • Bfee can determine that PPDU4 is OFDMA based NDP. In this way, Bfee can perform channel estimation through PPDU4, and feed back channel state information to Bfer.
  • the PPDU4 can be an uplink PPDU or a downlink PPDU, that is, the uplink/downlink field of the PPDU4 can be indicated as 0 or 1.
  • mode 4 when the PPDU type and the compressed mode subfield are not indicated as 0, the PPDU is not OFDMA based NDP, so based on the PPDU type and the compressed mode subfield are not indicated as 0, it can be determined that the PPDU is not OFDMA based NDP , it is not necessary to judge the value indicated by the second field.
  • Bfee Bfee can further judge the value indicated by the second field when determining that the PPDU type and the compressed mode subfield are indicated as 0, and if the second field indicates the first value, then determine that the PPDU is OFDMA based NDP.
  • method 4 can also be expressed as: based on the PPDU type and compressed mode subfield indicating 0, indicating that the PPDU is based on OFDMA transmission; based on the second field indicating the first value and the PPDU type and compressed mode subfield indicating 0, indicating PPDU is OFDMA based NDP.
  • EHT PPDU type and compression mode subfields in Table 3-2 above are indicated as 3, which can indicate the confirmation status.
  • the purpose of the indication can be designed according to actual requirements.
  • the receiving end can use the same process to process OFDMA based NDP and non-OFDMA based NDP, thereby reducing the complexity of implementation.
  • the receiving end can use the same process to process OFDMA based NDP and PPDU for data transmission based on OFDMA, thereby reducing the complexity of implementation.
  • the first field in the PPDU used for channel estimation includes a second field, based on which the second field indicates that the PPDU is OFDMA based NDP.
  • the above-mentioned first field can be realized by using only the second field.
  • the second value is similar to the first value, and the second value may be an agreed value. Referring to Table 2 above, if the second field is a confirmation bit or a ignore bit, then the second value can be a value other than the default value 1, such as 0.
  • the second field is the second bit (hereinafter referred to as the B2 bit) of the second symbol of the U-SIG field in Table 2, and the PPDU is PPDU5 as an example, and the B2 bit of PPDU5 indicates 0.
  • Bfee receives PPDU5
  • Bfee can determine that PPDU5 is OFDMA based NDP according to the B2 bit indicated as 0.
  • Bfee can perform channel estimation through PPDU5, and feed back channel state information to Bfer.
  • PPDU5 may be an uplink PPDU or a downlink PPDU, that is, the uplink/downlink field of PPDU5 may be indicated as 0 or 1.
  • the first field in the PPDU used for channel estimation includes a station identification (STA ID) subfield, and the STA ID subfield is used to indicate that the PPDU is OFDMA based NDP.
  • STA ID subfield is located in the user field of EHT-SIG.
  • the STA ID subfield in the EHT-SIG can be used to implement the above first field.
  • the third value may be an agreed value, such as 2046, 2045 and so on.
  • the STA ID is set to 2046, indicating that the PPDU is OFDMA based NDP. Since the field indicating the target station already exists in the EHT null data packet announcement (EHT NDPA) frame (frame), by using the STA ID in the user field of the EHT-SIG to indicate, the EHT-SIG can be fully reused. The existing subfields of SIG do not waste other reserved fields and add additional overhead.
  • EHT NDPA EHT null data packet announcement
  • mode 6 is the mode in which the second field is replaced by the STA ID in the above mode 5. Therefore, the specific implementation process of this mode can refer to the above mode 5, and will not be repeated here.
  • the first field in the PPDU used for channel estimation includes the PPDU type and the compressed mode subfield, and the STA ID, and can indicate that the PPDU is OFDMA based based on the PPDU type, the compressed mode subfield, and the STA ID.
  • NDP For example, based on the PPDU type and the compressed mode subfield indicating 1, indicating that the PPDU is EHT sounding NDP; based on the STA ID indicating the third value, indicating that the PPDU is based on OFDMA transmission. It can be seen that this method is the method of replacing the second field with the STA ID in the above-mentioned method 3 or 4. Therefore, the specific implementation process of this method can refer to the above-mentioned method 3 or 4, and will not be repeated here.
  • the second field above can be the confirmation bit or the ignore bit, or the second field can be located at: B20-B24 of the first symbol of U-SIG, B25 of the first symbol of U-SIG , one or more of B2 of the second symbol of U-SIG, B8 of the second symbol of U-SIG, and B8 of the second symbol of U-SIG.
  • the second field above can be confirmed bit or ignore bit can be summarized as follows: the second field can be implemented by using unused fields, subfields or bits in EHT sounding NDP.
  • the unused field, subfield or bit may be changed in the standard name and description.
  • the B25 confirmation bit in the above Table 2 is used to implement the second field, in standards after 802.11ax (such as 802.11be), the name of the B25 confirmation bit may be changed to OFDMA based NDP indication field ( subfield), the description may be changed to: If the indication is 0, it means that the PPDU is OFDMA based NDP.
  • the PPDU transmitted in the communication method of the embodiment of the present application may adopt the second structure of the PPDU used for channel estimation provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the second type of PPDU used for channel estimation provided by the embodiment of the present application includes an extremely high throughput signaling field (EHT-SIG). Please refer to FIG. 8 .
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a possible structure of an EHT-SIG included in a PPDU for channel estimation according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the EHT-SIG may include common fields and user-specific fields.
  • Table 4 is a possible structure table of the common field part included in the EHT-SIG in the PPDU used for channel estimation provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the public field part may include multiple subfields as follows: spatial reuse (spatial reuse) subfield, guard interval (guard interval, GI) + long training field size subfield, number of EHT-LTF symbols (number of EHT- LTF symbols) subfield, ignore subfield, resource unit indication-1 (RU allocation subfield 1) subfield, resource unit indication-2 (RU allocation subfield 2) subfield, CRC and tail bit subfield.
  • the U-SIG overflow (overflow) subfield may include subfields such as spatial multiplexing, guard interval + long training field size, number of EHT-LTF symbols, and ignore bits, that is, the EHT-SIG shown in Table 4 Subfields in B0-B16.
  • subfields such as spatial multiplexing, guard interval + long training field size, number of EHT-LTF symbols, and ignore bits, that is, the EHT-SIG shown in Table 4 Subfields in B0-B16.
  • the following subfields may not be included in the EHT-SIG: low density parity check code (low density parity check, LDPC ) extra symbol segment (extra symbol segment) subfield, forward error control (forward error control, FEC) before filling factor (Pre-FEC Padding Factor) subfield, data packet extension disambiguation (PE Disambiguity) subfield, therefore In the above Table 4, B9-B16 of the EHT-SIG are ignore subfields.
  • the EHT-SIG may include n user fields, and the n user fields may include the number of spatial streams (NSS) subfield, beamforming At least one of the (beamformed) subfields, n can be a positive integer.
  • the PPDU provided by the present application and the PPDU for data transmission based on OFDMA can use the user field with the same structure, and the process for the receiver to parse the EHT-SIG in the two is the same, thereby reducing the implementation complexity of the receiver.
  • the number of spatial streams subfield may be used to indicate the number of spatial streams of the PPDU
  • the beamforming subfield may be used to indicate whether the PPDU performs beamforming.
  • the user-specific field part can include one or more user blocks (user block), wherein, other user blocks other than the last user block can include two user fields (user field), and the last User blocks may have one or two user fields.
  • CRC and tail bits may also be included in each user block.
  • the user field may include one or more of the following subfields: a station identifier subfield, a reserved subfield, a spatial stream number subfield, and a beamforming subfield. That is to say, the EHT-SIG may include n user fields, and n may be a positive integer.
  • each user field may include a number of spatial streams subfield and a beamforming subfield.
  • each user field since the whole PPDU needs to adopt a uniform number of spatial streams, if there are multiple user fields, the values of the subfields of the number of spatial streams in different user fields are the same.
  • the kth user field among the n user fields includes at least one of the number of spatial streams subfield and the beamforming subfield
  • k is a positive integer and k ⁇ n.
  • the PPDU used for channel estimation provided by the present application only has the kth user field for carrying at least one of the number of spatial streams subfield and the beamforming subfield, which can reduce the overhead of EHT-SIG.
  • the EHT-SIG may further include a padding part, and the padding part may be used to fill the number of bits of the EHT-SIG to a complete orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, OFDM) symbol.
  • OFDM orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
  • the user field in EHT-SIG may not need to include the following subfields: coding and modulation strategy (modulation and coding scheme, MCS) and coding (coding ) subfield, so the bits corresponding to these several subfields can be replaced by reserved subfields, such as the 4+1+1 bit reserved subfield in the user field shown in FIG. 8 .
  • MCS modulation and coding scheme
  • coding coding
  • the PPDU transmitted in the communication method of the embodiment of the present application may adopt the third structure of the PPDU used for channel estimation provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the third type of PPDU used for channel estimation provided in the embodiment of the present application includes EHT-SIG.
  • the EHT-SIG may only include common fields, and the common fields may include at least one of the number of spatial streams subfield and the beamforming subfield.
  • Fig. 9 is a second schematic diagram of a possible structure of the EHT-SIG included in the PPDU used for channel estimation provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the user field may not be included in EHT-SIG.
  • At least one of the number of spatial streams subfield and the beamforming subfield may be carried in the EHT-SIG overflow.
  • At least one of the number of spatial streams subfield and the beamforming subfield can be carried in part or all of the bits in B9-B16 of EHT-SIG.
  • the number of spatial streams subfield is carried in B9-B11 of EHT-SIG.
  • the shaping subfield is carried in B12 of EHT-SIG. In this way, the common field can be used to carry the subfield of the number of spatial streams and the subfield of beamforming, thereby reducing the overhead of the EHT-SIG.
  • the PPDU transmitted in the communication method of the embodiment of the present application may adopt the fourth structure of the PPDU used for channel estimation provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the fourth type of PPDU used for channel estimation includes U-SIG and EHT-SIG.
  • the U-SIG includes a first punctured channel indication field
  • the EHT-SIG includes a second punctured channel indication field.
  • the first punctured channel indicator field is used to indicate the punctured situation within the 80MHz sub-block bandwidth where the U-SIG is located (that is, whether it is punctured, and the punctured situation can also be called a punctured mode)
  • the second punctured channel indicator field is used for Used to indicate the puncturing situation within the entire PPDU bandwidth.
  • the puncturing situation within the 80 MHz sub-block bandwidth where the U-SIG is located is indicated.
  • all bits used to indicate the puncturing situation may be referred to as a U-SIG bitmap.
  • each bit of the U-SIG bitmap in the first punctured channel indication field is used to indicate whether a channel of 20 MHz corresponding to the 80 MHz sub-block bandwidth where the U-SIG is located is punctured . It can be understood that, for a sub-block bandwidth of 80MHz, the U-SIG bitmap may include at least 4 bits.
  • the first punctured channel indication field is the punctured channel indication field (located at B3-B7 of the second symbol of U-SIG) in the U-SIG shown in Table 2 above.
  • the punctured channel indication field of the U-SIG in Table 2 may be referred to as the B3-B7 punctured channel indication field.
  • the 4 bits in the B3-B7 punctured channel indication field (such as B3-B6 of the second symbol of U-SIG) can be used as the U-SIG bitmap of the first punctured channel indication field, that is, In other words, the 4 bits in the B3-B7 punctured channel indication field can be used to indicate the puncturing situation within the 80MHz sub-block bandwidth where the U-SIG is located.
  • the specific implementation method can be as follows:
  • the binary values of the B3-B7 bitmap correspond one-to-one to the puncturing mode within the 80 MHz sub-block bandwidth where the U-SIG is located (hereinafter referred to as the U-SIG bitmap indicating puncturing mode). Specifically, a bit of 1 in the B3-B7 bitmap indicates that the corresponding subchannel is not punctured, and a bit of 0 indicates that the corresponding subchannel is punctured, and the bits in the B3-B7 bitmap are in sequence Corresponding to multiple sub-channels with frequencies from low to high respectively.
  • the 80 MHz sub-block bandwidth where the U-SIG is located includes four 20 MHz sub-channels, which are respectively the first sub-channel, the second sub-channel, the third sub-channel, and the fourth sub-channel according to the absolute frequency from low to high.
  • the B3-B7 bitmap is 0111 (binary value) it means: the first sub-channel is punctured, and the second-fourth sub-channels are not punctured.
  • a bit of 1 may indicate that the corresponding sub-channel is punctured, and a bit of 0 may indicate that the corresponding sub-channel is not punctured, which is not limited in this application.
  • the binary values of the B3-B7 bitmap may include 1111, 0111, 1011, 1101, 1110, 0011, 1100, 1001.
  • the U-SIG bitmap is fixed at 1111, indicating that when the bandwidth of the PPDU is 20 MHz and 40 MHz, there is no punctured sub-channel in the PPDU.
  • the above-mentioned second punctured channel indication field may include m indication information used to indicate the channel puncturing situation, and each indication information may be used to indicate the puncturing situation of a corresponding subchannel within the PPDU bandwidth, and m is a positive integer .
  • one piece of indication information may be one bit, or a subfield composed of multiple bits, which is not limited in this application.
  • the second punctured channel indication field In order for the second punctured channel indication field to indicate the puncturing situation within the entire PPDU bandwidth, m needs to satisfy the following condition: m ⁇ the number of sub-channels within the PPDU bandwidth. In this way, the second punctured channel indication field can indicate whether each subchannel within the PPDU bandwidth is punctured, that is to say, the second punctured channel indication field can indicate all possible puncturing modes of the PPDU, so that The indication of punch mode is more flexible.
  • m is a variable value, that is, m is variable in length.
  • mode 7, mode 8 or mode 9 below, which will not be repeated here.
  • the indication information used to indicate channel puncturing indicates that there is no punctured channel.
  • m may be 0.
  • the first 4 indication information of the m pieces of indication information used to indicate the channel puncturing situation may be used to indicate the puncturing situation.
  • the first 8 pieces of indication information used to indicate channel puncturing conditions may be used to indicate the puncturing conditions. For specific implementation, reference may be made to mode 8 or mode 9 below, which will not be repeated here.
  • the implementation of the second punctured channel indication field may include the following methods 7-9:
  • the second punctured channel indication field may include at least one resource unit indication subfield, and the resource unit indication subfield is used to indicate the puncturing situation of a subchannel within the PPDU bandwidth.
  • the second punctured channel indication field may include: resource unit indication-1 (located at B17–B16+9N of EHT-SIG) in the EHT-SIG shown in Table 4 above, resource unit indication-2 (located at EHT-SIG's B27+9N–B26+9N+9M).
  • Both resource unit indication-1 and resource unit indication-2 can be used to indicate the puncturing situation of a certain 20MHz subchannel within the PPDU bandwidth.
  • the resource unit indication-1 subfield or the resource unit indication- 2 When the subfield indicates 26 (binary is "000011010"), it means that the preamble of a certain 20MHz subchannel is punctured.
  • the resource unit indication-1 subfield or the resource unit indication-2 subfield indicated as 26 indicates that the channel is punctured is only an example, and other values can also be used to indicate that the channel is punctured. There is no limit to this.
  • multiple channels included in a PPDU bandwidth can be divided into two types, one is content channel 1 (content channel 1), and the other is content channel 2 (content channel 2).
  • content channel 1 content channel 1
  • content channel 2 content channel 2
  • the second punctured channel indication fields of EHT-SIG in all channels included in content channel 1 are the same, and these second punctured channel indication fields are used to indicate the puncturing situation of all channels included in content channel 1; similar , the second punctured channel indication fields of the EHT-SIG in all channels included in content channel 2 are the same, and these second punctured channel indication fields are used to indicate the puncturing conditions of all channels included in content channel 1 .
  • a PPDU bandwidth includes two second punctured channel indication fields
  • the first type of second punctured channel indication field can be used to indicate the puncturing of all channels included in content channel 1
  • the second type of second punctured channel indication field The channel indication field is used to indicate the puncturing status of all channels included in the content channel 2 .
  • the following takes the PPDU bandwidth of 320MHz as an example for specific description:
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of puncturing of a 320 MHz PPDU indicated by the EHT-SIG according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the 320MHz PPDU includes 16 20MHz sub-channels, which are channel 1-channel 16 respectively.
  • Channel 1, Channel 3, ..., Channel 15 are Content Channel 1;
  • Channel 2, Channel 4, ..., Channel 16 are Content Channel 2.
  • the second punctured channel indication fields in all channels included in the content channel 1 indicate that channels 3 and 15 in the content channel 1 are punctured.
  • the second punctured channel indication field in channel 1 includes 2 resource unit indications-1 and 6 resource unit indications-2, which can be used to indicate the puncturing conditions of the 8 channels in content channel 1.
  • the second punctured channel indication field in all channels included in content channel 2 indicates that channel 14 in content channel 2 is punctured.
  • the second punctured channel indication field in channel 2 includes 2 resource unit indications-1 and 6 resource unit indications-2, which can be used to indicate the puncturing conditions of the 8 channels in content channel 2.
  • one resource unit indication subfield in manner 7 is one piece of indication information used to indicate the puncturing situation. And it can be understood that the number m of indication information in the second punctured channel indication field in mode 7 is variable, and the size of m is determined by the size of the PPDU bandwidth.
  • the above-mentioned second punctured channel indication field may include a bitmap subfield, and the bitmap subfield is used to indicate the puncturing situation within the entire PPDU bandwidth.
  • the number m of bits in the bitmap subfield is variable in length, and the size of m is determined by the bandwidth of the PPDU.
  • each bit in the bitmap subfield can be used to indicate the puncturing situation of a corresponding channel.
  • the binary value of the bitmap subfield corresponds to the puncturing mode in the PPDU bandwidth.
  • the corresponding method is similar to the method of indicating the puncturing situation by the U-SIG bitmap above, and related descriptions can refer to the method of indicating the puncturing situation by the U-SIG bitmap above, and will not be repeated here.
  • the number of bits in the bitmap subfield is m, and m is a fixed length, and each bit in the bitmap subfield can be used to indicate the opening of a corresponding channel Hole situation.
  • each bit in the bitmap subfield can be used to indicate the puncturing situation of a corresponding 20MHz subchannel.
  • the binary value of the bitmap subfield is the same as the puncturing mode in the PPDU bandwidth.
  • the first 4 bits of the 16-bit bitmap subfield in Example 1 may be used to indicate the puncturing situation.
  • the first 8 bits of the 16-bit bitmap subfield in Example 1 may be used to indicate the puncturing status.
  • the bitmap subfield is used to indicate a specific implementation manner of puncturing within the entire PPDU bandwidth, and may also be implemented in the form of a mapping table. Specifically, a one-to-one correspondence (as shown in Table 5) between the decimal value of the bitmap subfield and the puncturing pattern within the entire PPDU bandwidth can be established, and the corresponding relationship can be used to determine the value indicated by the bitmap subfield. Punch pattern.
  • Table 5 is only an example of a mapping table, and does not fully exemplify the correspondence between all possible puncturing patterns and the corresponding bitmap subfield values (in decimal).
  • the 16-bit bitmap subfield can be divided into four 4-bit field indications (hereinafter referred to as 4-bit fields), and each 4-bit field can indicate the puncturing situation in one 80MHz frequency sub-block .
  • the binary value of the 4-bit field can correspond to the puncturing mode in the 80MHz frequency sub-block one by one.
  • the corresponding method is similar to the way the U-SIG bitmap indicates the puncturing situation above.
  • the SIG bitmap indicates the manner of punching, which will not be repeated here.
  • the 4-bit field has 16 binary values that can be used for indication, which are: 0000, 0001, 0010, 0011, 0100, 0101, 0110, 0111, 1000, 1001, 1010, 1011, 1100, 1101, 1110, 1111.
  • the following nine types can be used to indicate the puncturing patterns in the 80MHz frequency sub-block: 1111, 0111, 1011, 1101, 1110, 0011, 1100, 1001, 0000.
  • the other seven modes can be reserved, and the reserved order is not limited. It should be understood that when the PPDU bandwidth is 80 MHz, the first 4 bits of the 16-bit bitmap subfield in Example 2 may be used to indicate the puncturing status. When the PPDU bandwidth is 160 MHz, the first 8 bits of the 16-bit bitmap subfield in Example 2 may be used to indicate the puncturing status.
  • the 4-bit field indicates the puncturing mode in one 80MHz frequency sub-block, and can also be used in the form of a mapping table.
  • mapping table For specific implementation methods, refer to the relevant descriptions in Table 5 above. I won't repeat them here.
  • the 12-bit bitmap subfield can be divided into four 3-bit field indications (hereinafter referred to as 3-bit fields), and each 3-bit field can indicate the puncturing situation in one 80MHz frequency sub-block .
  • the 3-bit field has 8 binary values that can be used for indication, and can indicate the following 8 types of puncturing modes in the 80MHz frequency sub-block: 1111, 0111, 1011, 1101, 1110, 0011, 1100, 1001.
  • the 3-bit field indicates the puncturing mode in the 80MHz frequency sub-block, which can be used in the form of a mapping table. For specific implementation methods, refer to the relevant description in Table 5 above, and details will not be repeated here.
  • the 3-bit field cannot be indicated.
  • the 3-bit field can be indicated as one of the other 8 types value, and then use the third field in EHT NDPA to indicate that the 80MHz frequency sub-block is all punctured to solve the problem that the 3-bit field cannot indicate 0000.
  • the relevant description of "the third field in EHT NDPA" here can refer to the following, and will not be repeated here. It should be understood that when the PPDU bandwidth is 80 MHz, the first 3 bits of the 12-bit bitmap subfield in Example 3 may be used to indicate the puncturing situation. When the PPDU bandwidth is 160 MHz, the first 6 bits of the 12-bit bitmap subfield in Example 3 may be used to indicate the puncturing status.
  • Each bit in the bitmap subfield can be used to indicate the puncturing situation of a corresponding 20MHz or 40MHz subchannel.
  • each bit in the bitmap subfield is used to indicate the puncturing situation of a corresponding 20MHz subchannel.
  • the binary value of the bitmap subfield is the same as
  • the puncturing modes within the PPDU bandwidth correspond one-to-one.
  • the corresponding method is similar to the way the U-SIG bitmap indicates the puncturing situation above. No longer.
  • each bit in the bitmap subfield is used to indicate the puncturing status of a corresponding 40MHz subchannel. For example, when the PPDU bandwidth is 320MHz, if the bitmap subfield is 01111111, then you can Indicates that among the 16 20MHz subchannels from low to high in absolute frequency in the 320MHz PPDU bandwidth: the 1st subchannel and the 2nd subchannel are punctured, and the 3rd subchannel-the 16th subchannel are not punctured. It should be understood that when the PPDU bandwidth is 80 MHz, the first 2 bits of the 8-bit bitmap subfield in Example 4 may be used to indicate the puncturing status. When the PPDU bandwidth is 160 MHz, the first 4 bits of the 8-bit bitmap subfield in Example 4 may be used to indicate the puncturing status.
  • one bit in the bitmap subfield in mode 8 or a value of the bitmap subfield is one piece of indication information used to indicate the puncturing situation.
  • mode 8 can further save the overhead of EHT-SIG.
  • the above-mentioned second punctured channel indication field may include a bitmap subfield, and the bitmap subfield is used to indicate conditions of channels that are not allowed to be transmitted within the entire PPDU bandwidth.
  • each bit in the bitmap subfield may be used to indicate whether a corresponding channel is allowed to transmit. For example, for a bit in the bitmap subfield, if the bit is 0, it means that a certain 20MHz sub-channel is not allowed to transmit, and if the bit is 1, it means that a certain 20MHz sub-channel is allowed to transmit. Of course, a bit of 0 may indicate that a certain 20MHz sub-channel is allowed to transmit, and a bit of 1 may indicate that a certain 20MHz sub-channel is not allowed to transmit, which is not limited in this application.
  • the method 9 can be obtained by replacing the punching situation in the method 8 with the channel that does not allow transmission, so the implementation mode and corresponding effects of the method 9 can refer to the method 8, and will not be repeated here.
  • the number of user fields in the user-specific field of EHT-SIG can be only one, and the user field can be used to carry the spatial stream number subfield and the beamforming subfield. field.
  • the user field can be checked and encoded as a user block.
  • the user field may be uniformly checked and coded together with the U-SIG overflow subfield and the above-mentioned second punctured channel indication field.
  • the user-specific field of EHT-SIG may include the user field, and the CRC and tail bits determined according to the user field (refer to FIG. 11 in A).
  • the user-specific field of EHT-SIG includes U-SIG overflow subfield, bitmap subfield, user field, and CRC and tail bits determined according to U-SIG overflow subfield, bitmap subfield, user field (Refer to B in FIG. 11).
  • the EHT-SIG may not include user-specific fields, and the number of spatial streams subfield and the beamforming subfield may be carried in the common field part of the EHT-SIG.
  • the number of spatial streams subfield and the beamforming subfield can be carried in the U-SIG overflow subfield of EHT-SIG, B9- Part or all of the bits in B16, for example, the number of spatial streams subfield is carried in B9-B11 of the EHT-SIG, and the beamforming subfield is carried in B12 of the EHT-SIG.
  • the common field can be used to carry the subfield of the number of spatial streams and the subfield of beamforming, thereby reducing the overhead of the EHT-SIG.
  • the EHT-SIG coding and modulation strategy field of the PPDU can be used to indicate that the EHT-SIG adopts EHT MCS0, that is, the modulation method adopted by the EHT-SIG is binary phase Shift keying (binary phase shift keying, BPSK), the modulation code rate used is 1/2 code rate modulation, which can increase the reliability of EHT-SIG transmission.
  • the modulation method adopted by the EHT-SIG is binary phase Shift keying (binary phase shift keying, BPSK)
  • the modulation code rate used is 1/2 code rate modulation, which can increase the reliability of EHT-SIG transmission.
  • the EHT-SIG number of symbols field in Table 2 is used to indicate the number of symbols of the EHT-SIG.
  • the EHT-SIG MCS field indicates 0 it means that the number of EHT-SIG symbols can be greater than 1.
  • the number of symbols of the EHT-SIG indicated by the field of the number of symbols of the EHT-SIG is variable, and can indicate an EHT-SIG with a larger number of symbols.
  • the PPDU type and the compression mode subfield are indicated as 1, indicating that the PPDU is single-user transmission or OFDMA based NDP (refer to Table 3). Therefore, in the above mode 3, taking the second field as an example of confirming bits or ignoring bits, when the second field indicates a default value, then based on the EHT-SIG MCS indication is 0 and the symbol number of EHT-SIG is 1, Indicates that the PPDU is non-OFDMA based NDP, and in other cases indicates that the PPDU is transmitted by SU. When the second field indicates a non-default value, it means that the PPDU is OFDMA based NDP.
  • any PPDU of the above four types of PPDU refer to Table 3-1 above, based on the PPDU type and compression mode subfield indicating 1, it can indicate that the PPDU is EHT sounding NDP or SU transmission.
  • any PPDU of the above four PPDUs refer to Table 3-1 above, based on the PPDU type and compression mode subfield indication is 1, indicating that the PPDU is SU transmission or EHT sounding NDP; based on the second field indication It is the first value and the PPDU type and compressed mode subfields indicate 1, indicating that the PPDU is OFDMA based NDP.
  • any of the above 4 types of PPDUs refer to Table 3-1 above, based on the PPDU type and compression mode subfield indication is 1, and the EHT-SIG MCS indication is 0, and the number of EHT-SIG symbols Indicated as 0 (indicating 1 symbol), indicating that the PPDU is non-OFDMA based NDP.
  • the EHT-SIG MCS indicates 0, and the number of EHT-SIG symbols indicates 0 (indicating 1 symbol), indicating PPDU It is non-OFDMA based NDP. That is to say, this manner may or may not be related to the second field.
  • the fourth value may be a non-default value or a default value, that is to say, the fourth value may be 0 or 1.
  • any PPDU of the above four types of PPDUs refer to Table 3-1 above, based on the PPDU type and compression mode subfield indication is 1, and the second field indication is the fifth value, and EHT-SIG MCS When it is different from the number of EHT-SIG symbols, it is indicated as 0, indicating that the PPDU is transmitted by SU.
  • the fifth value is the inverse value of the first value, that is to say, the fifth value may be a default value, that is, may be 1.
  • the uplink/downlink field of the PPDU may only indicate downlink (for example, indicate 0).
  • the current standard (such as 802.11be) only supports DL OFDMA-based transmission, and the uplink/downlink field in the PPDU only indicates downlink, which does not increase the complexity of STA transmission of EHT MU PPDU based on OFDMA.
  • the uplink/downlink field in the PPDU can also indicate 0 or 1, that is, downlink and uplink are supported.
  • the uplink/downlink field indicates 1 means that the PPDU is sent to the AP, and the uplink/downlink field indicates 0 means other situations.
  • the first puncturing channel indication field in this embodiment of the present application may also be used to indicate the puncturing situation within the entire PPDU bandwidth.
  • the first punctured channel indicator field can be realized by using the 5-bit punctured indicator field of U-SIG (located in B3-B7 of the second symbol of U-SIG, refer to Table 2 above), and the specific implementation method can be Refer to the puncturing mode based on non-OFDMA transmission in the related art.
  • the problem existing in the puncturing mode based on non-OFDMA transmission in the related art is that there are not many puncturing modes indicated, and some puncturing modes cannot be indicated.
  • the 5-bit puncturing indication field indicates only 13 puncturing modes, and many puncturing modes cannot be indicated, for example, the 11111001 puncturing mode cannot be indicated.
  • the first punctured channel indication field may be used to indicate that the puncturing situation within the entire PPDU bandwidth is determined by the second punctured channel indication field in the EHT-SIG.
  • the second puncturing channel indication field is used to indicate the puncturing situation within the entire PPDU bandwidth. It can be understood that this manner can be applied to non-OFDMA transmission or OFDMA transmission, which is not limited in this application.
  • Table 6 shows a puncturing mode of the PPDU used for channel estimation provided by the embodiment of the present application. It can be seen that for the puncturing mode that cannot be indicated based on non-OFDMA transmission in the related art (represented as a specific puncturing mode in Table 6), the 5-bit puncturing indication field in the U-SIG (That is, the first punctured channel indication field) is set to 31 to indicate that the puncturing situation within the entire PPDU bandwidth is determined by the second punctured channel indication field.
  • the first punctured channel indication field may be indicated as 31, so as to use the first punctured channel indication field to indicate:
  • the puncturing situation within the entire PPDU bandwidth is determined by the second puncturing channel indication field.
  • use the second puncturing channel indication field in EHT-SIG to indicate the puncturing mode ([11111xx1]) here the way of using the second puncturing channel indication field in EHT-SIG to indicate the puncturing mode can refer to the above Mode 7 - Mode 9.
  • the first punctured channel indication field when used to indicate the puncturing situation within the entire PPDU bandwidth, for the puncturing mode that cannot be indicated by the first punctured channel indication field, the first punctured channel indication field can be used to indicate: the entire PPDU
  • the puncturing situation within the bandwidth is determined by the second puncturing channel indication field, and the second puncturing channel indication field is used to indicate whether each sub-channel within the PPDU bandwidth is punctured, thereby increasing the flexibility of the puncturing mode.
  • a series of data segments including 1 and/or 0 are used in this paper to represent the continuous punching mode of multiple channels (such as [1 1 1 1 1 x x x] in Table 6 ).
  • a 1 in the data field represents an unpunctured channel
  • a 0 represents a punctured channel.
  • the multiple data (1 or 0) in the data segment correspond to multiple channels from low to high frequency from left to right, and the number of multiple data in the data segment is related to the number of multiple continuous channels unanimous.
  • 0 1 1 1 or [0 1 1 1] can indicate that among 4 consecutive channels from low to high in frequency, the first channel is punched, and the second to fourth channels are not punched hole.
  • 0 in the data segment may also be represented by x, which is not limited in this application.
  • any of the four PPDUs used for channel estimation provided in the embodiment of the present application may also include: L-STF, L-LTF, L-SIG, RL-SIG, EHT-STF, EHT -LTF and PE.
  • L-STF L-STF
  • L-LTF L-SIG
  • RL-SIG EHT-STF
  • bit positions in the signaling of several relevant fields in the PPDU used for channel estimation provided in the embodiment of this application are determined according to the 802.11be standard after 802.11ax, for example, PPDU type and compressed mode
  • the bit position of the field in U-SIG is located in bit 0-bit 1 (B0-B1) of the second symbol of U-SIG.
  • bit positions of the relevant fields in the signaling of several PPDUs used for channel estimation provided by the embodiments of the present application may change accordingly, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit various fields For the bit position in the signaling, in other embodiments (such as 802.11be and standards after 802.11be), these fields can also be used to adjust the position accordingly.
  • this application provides some structures of EHT NDPA frames used in standards after 802.11ax.
  • Bfee such as STA
  • Bfee can perform channel estimation according to the EHT NDPA frame provided by this application to feed back channel state information when transmitting based on OFDMA.
  • FIG. 12 is a second schematic flowchart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application. The method may include the steps of:
  • S1201 Bfer generates an EHT NDPA frame.
  • the EHT NDPA frame may be an NDPA frame used in a standard after 802.11ax (eg, 802.11be).
  • the EHT NDPA frame includes a third field indicating the puncturing situation within the entire EHT sounding NDP bandwidth.
  • the EHT sounding NDP includes a field indicating that the punching situation within the entire EHT sounding NDP bandwidth is determined by the third field.
  • the "field indicating that the punching situation within the entire EHT sounding NDP bandwidth is determined by the third field” is referred to as "the fourth field” herein.
  • the EHT NDPA frame can also include the following fields: frame control (frame control), duration (duration), reception Address (receiver address, RA), sending address (transmitter address, TA), station information (STA Info), frame check sequence (frame check sequence, FCS).
  • frame control frame control
  • duration duration
  • reception Address reception Address
  • RA reception Address
  • sending address transmission address
  • TA station information
  • STA Info frame check sequence
  • FCS frame check sequence
  • the STA Info field is used to indicate the relevant indication information required by the STA to perform channel detection
  • the STA Info can include N pieces, such as STA Info1, STA Info2, ..., STA Info N.
  • the third field may include at least one piece of first information, and the first information is used to instruct Bfee (such as STA) to feed back channel state information of a subchannel within the EHT sounding NDP bandwidth, or, the first information Used to indicate that a subchannel within the EHT sounding NDP bandwidth is not punched.
  • Bfee such as STA
  • the third field may also include at least one second information, and the second information is used to indicate that a subchannel within the EHT sounding NDP bandwidth is punched.
  • the third field may include multiple bits, and one bit may be used to represent one piece of first information or one piece of second information.
  • a bit value of 1 represents the first information
  • a bit value of 0 represents the second information.
  • a bit value of 0 may also indicate the first information
  • a bit value of 1 may indicate the second information, which is not limited in this application.
  • 1 bit in the third field may indicate whether a subchannel within the EHT sounding NDP bandwidth is punctured, or may indicate whether a subchannel within the EHT sounding NDP bandwidth needs to be measured by Bfee.
  • the third field may include 16 bits, the value of the 16 bits is 11x1111111111xx1, indicating that the puncturing mode of 320 MHz bandwidth is [11x1111111111xx1], where 1 indicates that the channel is not punctured, and x indicates that the channel is punctured, that is, It indicates that in the 320MHz bandwidth: channel 3, channel 14, and channel 15 are punctured, and channel 1, channel 2, channel 4-channel 13, and channel 16 are not punctured (see FIG. 10 ).
  • the third field can be realized by using one or more fields/subfields in the EHT NDPA frame provided by this application, or the third field can be realized by using one or more bits in the EHT NDPA frame provided by this application.
  • the third field may be located in the site information, and may be realized by using some bits (or some fields) in the site information (for specific implementation, please refer to the description below).
  • the third field can also be located in other fields of the EHT NDPA frame provided by the application, for example, a field for realizing the third field is set between the STA Info and the frame check sequence of the EHT NDPA frame provided by the application , the present application does not limit the specific implementation manner of the third field.
  • the structure of the EHT sounding NDP can also adopt several PPDU structures provided in the communication method shown in FIG. 7 above.
  • the fourth field can be realized by using one or more fields/subfields in the EHT sounding NDP, or, the fourth field can be realized by using one or more bits in the EHT sounding NDP, which is not limited in this application.
  • the fourth field can be implemented by using unused fields, subfields or bits in the EHT sounding NDP. In this way, changes to the NDP can be reduced, reducing the complexity of implementation.
  • this fourth field may be implemented using an acknowledge bit or a don't care bit in the U-SIG and/or EHT-SIG.
  • the B2 confirmation bit can be set to 0, indicating that the entire The punching situation within the EHT sounding NDP bandwidth is determined by the third field.
  • the unused field, subfield or bit such as an acknowledge bit or a don't care bit
  • the unused field, subfield or bit may be used in the standard Change the name and description.
  • the name of the B2 confirmation bit may be changed to Punch Indication by EHT NDPA Frame determination field (subfield), the description may be changed to: If the indication is 0, it means that the punching situation in the entire EHT sounding NDP bandwidth is determined by the EHT NDPA frame.
  • the fourth field may be implemented by using the punctured channel indication field in the U-SIG.
  • the punctured channel indication field in the U-SIG For this implementation, reference may be made to related descriptions below, and details will not be repeated here.
  • the name of the EHT NDPA frame provided in this application is determined according to the standard after 802.11ax.
  • the name of the EHT NDPA frame can be replaced with the corresponding name in the standard after 802.11ax, which is not limited in this application.
  • the names of various fields/subfields included in the EHT NDPA frame provided by the embodiment of the present application are determined according to the 802.11be standard after 802.11ax, such as frame control, duration, receiving address, sending address, site information, frame check sequence etc.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the names of these fields/subfields, and in other embodiments, they can also be replaced with other names.
  • the named names of these fields/subfields may also be replaced with names of fields corresponding to functions/descriptions in standards after 802.11ax.
  • EHT NDPA frame provided by the embodiment of the present application can be used for Bfee to perform channel detection based on OFDMA transmission or non-OFDMA transmission, which is not limited in this application.
  • Bfer sends an EHT NDPA frame to Bfee.
  • Bfee receives the EHT NDPA frame from the AP.
  • Bfee can obtain the punching situation of EHT sounding NDP based on the EHT NDPA frame provided by this application, and then perform channel estimation according to the obtained punching situation and EHT sounding NDP to obtain channel state information.
  • the communication method shown in FIG. 12 may further include: Bfee sends a beamforming report including the channel state information to Bfer.
  • Bfee when transmitting based on OFDMA, Bfee can obtain the third field from the EHT NDPA frame according to the indication of the fourth field in the EHT sounding NDP, and Determine the punching situation in the entire EHT sounding NDP bandwidth according to the indication of the third field, then perform channel estimation according to the punching situation and EHT sounding NDP, and feed back channel state information to Bfer to realize beamforming for OFDMA transmission , resource scheduling and other functions, thereby improving channel quality and throughput.
  • 802.11ax such as 802.11be
  • the Bfer may be an AP or an STA.
  • Bfee can be STA or AP.
  • the communication method shown in Figure 12 may also include: Bfer generates EHT sounding NDP, and sends EHT sounding NDP to Bfee.
  • Bfee receives the EHT sounding NDP from Bfer.
  • the implementation of the third field by using some bits in the site information is as follows (including at least mode 10 and mode 11):
  • the third field may be a partial bandwidth information subfield in the first site information.
  • the third field may be realized by using part of the bandwidth information subfield in the first site information.
  • the third field may be a sub-channel bitmap that does not allow transmission in the information of the second station.
  • the third field may be realized by using the sub-channel bitmap that does not allow transmission in the information of the second station.
  • the first site information and the second site information are two types of site information. That is, the two kinds of site information included in the EHT NDPA frame provided by the present application are respectively the first site information and the second site information.
  • the first site information in the embodiment of the present application may include the following subfields: association identifier 11 (association identifier 11, AID11), partial bandwidth information (partial bw info), reservation, number of columns (number of columns, Nc) index, feedback type (feedback type) and grouping (number of grouping, Ng), disambiguation, codebook size.
  • association identifier 11 association identifier 11, AID11
  • partial bandwidth information partial bw info
  • reservation number of columns (number of columns, Nc) index
  • feedback type feedback type
  • grouping number of grouping, Ng
  • disambiguation codebook size
  • the second station information in this embodiment of the present application may include the following subfields: AID11, sub-channel bitmap not allowed to be transmitted, reservation, and disambiguation.
  • the transmission disallowed subchannel bitmap is used to indicate the subchannels in the bandwidth that are not allowed to transmit.
  • the first site information and the second site information may be distinguished according to the value indicated by AID11. Specifically, if the value indicated by AID11 in a site information is a value reserved in the standard (such as 2047 or 2046 or 2045, etc.), then the site information is the second site information. Correspondingly, if the value indicated by AID11 in the site information is not a value reserved in the standard, then the site information is the first site information.
  • the partial bandwidth information subfield can be used to indicate the punching situation within the entire EHT sounding NDP bandwidth.
  • the station associated with the first station information can determine the punching situation in the entire EHT sounding NDP bandwidth according to the partial bandwidth information subfield in the first station information, and then can feed back the channel state information according to the punching situation, Implement channel probing.
  • the partial bandwidth information subfield may include a resolution subfield and a feedback bitmap.
  • Each bit in the feedback bitmap can be used to indicate: the punching situation of a channel corresponding to the EHT sounding NDP bandwidth, or, each bit in the feedback bitmap can be used to indicate: EHT sounding NDP Whether a corresponding channel within the bandwidth is allowed to transmit, or, each bit in the feedback bitmap can be used to indicate whether the channel state information of a corresponding channel within the EHT sounding NDP bandwidth needs to be fed back.
  • the resolution subfield is used to indicate the channel size corresponding to all the bits in the feedback bitmap, and the value of the resolution subfield can be determined by the EHT sounding NDP bandwidth.
  • the site information 1 in the EHT NDPA frame is the first site information, and the site information 1 includes a 9-bit partial bandwidth information subfield.
  • the partial bandwidth information subfield includes a 1-bit resolution subfield and an 8-bit feedback bitmap.
  • the resolution subfield indicates 0, indicating that the channel size corresponding to all the bits in the feedback bitmap is 20MHz; when the EHT sounding NDP bandwidth is 320MHz, The indication of the resolution subfield is 1, indicating that the channel size corresponding to all the bits in the feedback bitmap is 40MH.
  • the puncturing mode of the EHT sounding NDP bandwidth of 320MHz is [001111111111111], that is, the EHT sounding NDP bandwidth of 320MHz Middle: the first 40MHz channel is punched, the second 40MHz channel - the eighth 40MHz channel is not punched.
  • the puncturing mode of the 160MHz EHT sounding NDP bandwidth is [01111111], that is, in the 160MHz EHT sounding NDP In the bandwidth: the first 20MHz channel is punched, the second 20MHz channel-the eighth 20MHz channel is not punched.
  • the disallowed transmission subchannel bitmap can be used to indicate the punching situation within the entire EHT sounding NDP bandwidth.
  • Bfee can determine the punching situation in the entire EHT sounding NDP bandwidth according to the sub-channel bitmap that is not allowed to be transmitted in the information of the second station, and then can feed back the channel status information according to the punching situation to realize channel detection.
  • each bit in the disallowed transmission subchannel bitmap can be used to indicate: the puncturing situation of a channel corresponding to the EHT sounding NDP bandwidth, or, the disallowed transmission subchannel bitmap
  • Each bit can be used to indicate: whether a channel corresponding to the EHT sounding NDP bandwidth is allowed to transmit, or, each bit in the feedback bitmap can be used to indicate: the corresponding channel within the EHT sounding NDP bandwidth Whether channel state information needs to be fed back.
  • the size of the transmission-disallowed sub-channel bitmap is 16 bits (B0-B15).
  • the first 8 bits (B0-B7) of the disallowed transmission subchannel bitmap can be used to indicate: the punching situation of a channel corresponding to the main 160MHz channel of the EHT sounding NDP bandwidth, the disallowed transmission subchannel
  • the last 8 bits (B8-B15) of the bitmap can be used to indicate: the punching situation of a channel corresponding to the 160MHz channel of the EHT sounding NDP bandwidth. In this way, the first 8 bits of the subchannel bitmap are not allowed to indicate the main 160MHz channel.
  • the indications of the first 8 bits of the subchannel bitmap are not allowed to be transmitted.
  • the flow of Bfee parsing the two can be the same, so that the complexity of receiver implementation can be reduced.
  • the site information 1 in the EHT NDPA frame is the second site information, and the site information 1 includes a 16-bit subchannel bitmap that does not allow transmission.
  • the sub-channel bitmap that does not allow transmission is indicated as 110111111111001, it means that the puncturing mode of the 320MHz EHT sounding NDP bandwidth is [1101111111111001], that is, in the 320MHz EHT sounding NDP bandwidth: channel 3, channel 14, Channel 15 is punched, and Channel 1, Channel 2, Channel 4-Channel 13, and Channel 16 are not punched (refer to FIG. 10 ).
  • the i-th bit in the disallowed transmission sub-channel bitmap can be used to indicate: the punching situation of the i-th channel within the EHT sounding NDP bandwidth, where i is an integer, 0 ⁇ i ⁇ EHT sounding NDP bandwidth
  • i is an integer, 0 ⁇ i ⁇ EHT sounding NDP bandwidth
  • the number of internal channels, and the channels within the EHT sounding NDP bandwidth are arranged in order of frequency from low to high. In this way, the implementation logic can be simplified.
  • the puncturing mode of the EHT sounding NDP bandwidth of 320MHz is [1101111111111001], that is, the EHT at 320MHz In the sounding NDP bandwidth: Channel 3, Channel 14, and Channel 15 are punched, and Channel 1, Channel 2, Channel 4-Channel 13, and Channel 16 are not punched (see Figure 10).
  • the fourth field is realized by using the punctured channel indication field in the U-SIG as follows:
  • the fourth field may be a U-SIG puncture indication field (located at B3-B7 of the second symbol of the U-SIG).
  • An unused value in the punching indication field of the U-SIG can be used to indicate that the punching situation in the entire EHT sounding NDP bandwidth is determined by the third field. That is to say, if the punching indication field of the U-SIG indicates an unused value, it means that the punching situation within the entire EHT sounding NDP bandwidth is determined by the third field.
  • the punching indication field of the U-SIG may be set to 30, to indicate that the punching condition within the entire EHT sounding NDP bandwidth is determined by the third field. In this way, Bfee can determine to obtain the punching situation in the entire EHT sounding NDP bandwidth from the third field of the EHT NDPA frame according to the indication of the punching indication field of the U-SIG, so as to realize channel detection.
  • the above-mentioned third field can indicate whether the channel state information of a channel corresponding to the EHT sounding NDP bandwidth needs to be fed back.
  • the above-mentioned information about using the information of the first station or the information of the second station to realize the information of the second station. Description of the three fields. That is to say, according to the above third and fourth fields, Bfee does not need to obtain the punching status of EHT sounding NDP, but only needs to obtain the subchannels that need to feedback channel state information based on the third field, and then feedback the channel state based on these needs
  • the information sub-channel and EHT sounding NDP can be used for channel detection. Among them, Bfer needs to ensure that a channel that needs to be fed back channel state information is not punctured.
  • the fourth field is realized by using the punctured channel indication field of U-SIG
  • the puncturing mode that can be indicated by the punctured channel indication field of U-SIG such as the puncturing mode based on non-OFDMA transmission in the related art Hole mode
  • the U-SIG in EHT sounding NDP can still use the perforation mode based on non-OFDMA transmission in related technologies.
  • the first puncturing channel can be set to The indication field is indicated as 30, so as to use the first punched channel indication field to indicate: the punching situation in the entire EHT sounding NDP bandwidth is determined by the third field.
  • the beacon frame can also be used to instruct Bfee (such as STA) to perform channel detection, and the specific process can be shown in FIG. 16 , which is a schematic flowchart of the third communication method of the embodiment of the present application. Referring to Figure 16, the method may include the following steps:
  • Bfer generates a beacon frame.
  • the beacon frame provided by the present application may include a fifth field indicating the punching situation within the entire EHT sounding NDP bandwidth.
  • the EHT sounding NDP here includes a field indicating that the punching situation within the entire EHT sounding NDP bandwidth is determined by the fifth field.
  • the "field indicating that the punching situation within the entire EHT sounding NDP bandwidth is determined by the fifth field” is referred to as the "sixth field” herein.
  • the fifth field may be implemented by using one or more fields/subfields in the beacon frame provided in the present application.
  • the fifth field and the corresponding technical effects please refer to the above third field, and for the specific implementation of the sixth field and the corresponding technical effects, please refer to the above fourth field, which will not be repeated here.
  • Bfee receives the beacon frame from the AP.
  • Bfee can obtain the punching situation of EHT sounding NDP based on the beacon frame provided by this application, and then perform channel estimation according to the obtained punching situation and EHT sounding NDP to obtain channel state information.
  • Bfer can periodically generate and send beacon frames to Bfee. If Bfer periodically generates and sends beacon frames to Bfee, Bfee can perform channel estimation through the last received beacon frame.
  • the communication method shown in FIG. 16 may further include: Bfee sends a beamforming report including the channel state information to Bfer.
  • Bfee can perform channel estimation according to the beacon frame provided by this application when transmitting based on OFDMA, obtain channel state information, and feed back to Bfer Beamforming report to realize beamforming, resource scheduling and other functions for OFDMA transmission, thereby improving channel quality and throughput.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides some U-SIG structures used in standards after 802.11ax.
  • the U-SIG provided by the embodiment of the present application can be applied to PPDUs (including NDP and PPDUs used for data transmission) after 802.11ax. Moreover, the U-SIG can be applied to non-OFDMA transmission and OFDMA transmission, which is not limited in this application.
  • the puncture indication field of U-SIG (located at B3-B7 of the second symbol of U-SIG) and unused fields or bits in U-SIG (such as confirmation bits or unused ignore bits), indicating more hole punching modes.
  • the puncture indication field of U-SIG (located in B3-B7 of the second symbol of U-SIG) and the B8 confirmation bit in U-SIG (located in B8 of the first symbol of U-SIG) can be used to indicate More punch patterns.
  • the length of the field used to indicate the puncturing mode is 6 bits. Under a certain bandwidth (eg, 20 MHz, 80 MHz, or 160 MHz, etc.), there are at most 64 puncturing modes that can be indicated.
  • the U-SIG puncturing indication field and the B8 confirmation bit are referred to as 6-bit puncturing indication field for short.
  • Table 8 and Table 9 show the punching modes supported by the U-SIG provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the field values listed in Table 8 and Table 9 are the values of the 6-bit punching indication field.
  • Table 8 and Table 9 can indicate the puncturing mode that cannot be indicated based on the non-OFDMA transmission in the related art.
  • the embodiment of the present application uses a 6-bit puncturing indication field to support the puncturing mode shown in Table 9, and also That is, more punching patterns can be indicated, and the flexibility of punching patterns can be improved.
  • the 6-bit puncturing indication field may indicate some of the puncturing modes or all of the puncturing modes in Table 9, and which puncturing modes are specifically indicated are determined according to actual requirements.
  • the embodiment of the present application utilizes the 6-bit puncturing indication field, and the newly supported puncturing mode is 1-hole or 2-hole, which can simplify the design of the filter.
  • more puncturing modes may be indicated by using only unused values in the puncturing indication field of the U-SIG (located in B3-B7 of the second symbol of the U-SIG).
  • the length of the field used to indicate the puncturing mode is 5 bits.
  • the puncturing indication field of the U-SIG is referred to as the 5-bit puncturing indication field for short below.
  • Table 10 or Table 11 shows the newly supported punching modes. It can be seen that, compared with the puncturing mode based on non-OFDMA transmission in the related art, the embodiment of the present application uses a 5-bit puncturing indication to support the puncturing mode shown in Table 10 or Table 11, that is, It can indicate more punching modes and improve the flexibility of punching modes. Moreover, it can be seen that the newly supported punching mode in Table 10 or Table 11 is 1 hole or 2 holes, which can simplify the design of the filter.
  • the 5-bit puncturing indication field may indicate some of the puncturing modes in Table 10, and which puncturing modes are specifically indicated are determined according to actual requirements. Wherein, when the PPDU bandwidth is 320MHz, a 5-bit puncturing indication field can be used to indicate that there are no more than 7 puncturing patterns among the multiple puncturing patterns corresponding to 320MHz in Table 10.
  • the newly supported puncturing mode in Table 11 is the case of 1 hole.
  • all the puncturing modes in Table 11 can be indicated based on the 5-bit puncturing indication field, so as to simplify the design of the filter.
  • the access point and the station may include a hardware structure and a software module, and implement the above functions in the form of a hardware structure, a software module, or a hardware structure plus a software module.
  • a certain function among the above-mentioned functions may be implemented in the form of a hardware structure, a software module, or a hardware structure plus a software module.
  • FIG. 17 is a block diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device 1700 includes a processing unit 1701 and a sending unit 1702.
  • the processing unit 1701 is used to generate a PPDU, and the PPDU includes the first field indicating that the PPDU is an extremely high throughput detection empty data packet EHT sounding NDP based on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access OFDMA transmission, and the PPDU also includes a very high throughput-long training field EHT-LTF and data packet extension field PE, PE is adjacent to EHT-LTF;
  • the sending unit 1702 is used for sending PPDUs.
  • the beamforming responder (beamformee, Bfee) can determine that the PPDU is OFDMA based NDP according to the first field in the PPDU; , Bfer) feeds back channel state information to implement beamforming, resource scheduling and other functions for OFDMA transmission, thereby improving channel quality and throughput.
  • the communication device 1700 can be understood as Bfer.
  • the communication device 1700 may be, for example, an access point or a station. Or the communication device is deployed at an access point or a station.
  • the processing unit 1701 of the communication device 1700 may be a processor, and the sending unit 1702 of the communication device 1700 may be a transceiver.
  • the above first field may include PPDU type and compressed mode subfields.
  • the above-mentioned first field may include PPDU type and compressed mode subfields and the second field.
  • the PPDU type and compressed mode subfields are used to indicate that the PPDU is EHT sounding NDP
  • the second field is used to indicate that the PPDU is based on OFDMA transmission.
  • the above-mentioned first field may include a station identification STA ID subfield, and the STA ID subfield is used to indicate that the PPDU is EHT sounding NDP based on OFDMA transmission.
  • the above-mentioned PPDU may also include an extremely high throughput signaling field EHT-SIG, and the EHT-SIG includes n user fields, and the n user fields include the number of spatial streams subfield, and the beamforming subfield At least one, n is a positive integer.
  • EHT-SIG extremely high throughput signaling field
  • the above PPDU may further include an EHT-SIG, and the EHT-SIG only includes a common field, and the common field may include at least one of the number of spatial streams subfield and the beamforming subfield.
  • the above PPDU may also include general signaling fields U-SIG and EHT-SIG, U-SIG may include a first punctured channel indication field, and EHT-SIG may include a second punctured channel indication field .
  • U-SIG may include a first punctured channel indication field
  • EHT-SIG may include a second punctured channel indication field .
  • the first puncturing channel indication field is used to indicate the puncturing situation within the 80 MHz sub-block bandwidth where the U-SIG is located
  • the second puncturing channel indication field is used to indicate the puncturing situation within the entire PPDU bandwidth.
  • the above-mentioned second punctured channel indication field may include at least one resource unit indication subfield, and the resource unit indication subfield is used to indicate the puncturing situation of a subchannel within the PPDU bandwidth.
  • the above-mentioned second punctured channel indication field may include a bitmap subfield, and the bitmap subfield is used to indicate the puncturing situation within the entire PPDU bandwidth.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of modules of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device 1800 includes a processing unit 1801 and a sending unit 1802.
  • Processing unit 1801 is used to generate very high throughput null data packet declaration EHT NDPA frames.
  • the EHT NDPA frame includes a third field indicating the punching situation in the entire EHT sounding NDP bandwidth
  • the EHT sounding NDP includes a field that indicates that the punching situation in the entire EHT sounding NDP bandwidth is determined by the third field;
  • the sending unit 1802 is used to send EHT NDPA frames.
  • Bfee when transmitting based on OFDMA, Bfee can obtain the third field from the EHT NDPA frame according to the indication of the fourth field in the EHT sounding NDP, and determine the punching situation in the entire EHT sounding NDP bandwidth according to the indication of the third field. Then channel estimation can be performed according to the puncturing situation and EHT sounding NDP, and channel state information can be fed back to Bfer to realize beamforming, resource scheduling and other functions for OFDMA transmission, thereby improving channel quality and throughput.
  • the communication device 1800 can be understood as Bfer.
  • the communication device 1800 may be, for example, an access point or a station. Or the communication device is deployed at an access point or a station.
  • the processing unit 1801 of the communication device 1800 may be a processor, and the sending unit 1802 of the communication device 1800 may be a transceiver.
  • the above-mentioned third field may include at least one first information, and the first information is used to indicate that the beamforming responder Bfee feeds back the channel state information of a subchannel within the EHT sounding NDP bandwidth, or, the first The information is used to indicate that a subchannel within the EHT sounding NDP bandwidth is not punched.
  • the above-mentioned third field may also include at least one second information, and the second information is used to indicate that a subchannel within the EHT sounding NDP bandwidth is punched.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of modules of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device 1900 includes a processing unit 1901 and a sending unit 1902.
  • the processing unit 1901 is configured to receive a PPDU, the PPDU includes a first field indicating that the PPDU is EHT sounding NDP based on OFDMA transmission, the PPDU also includes EHT-LTF and PE, and the PE is adjacent to the EHT-LTF;
  • the sending unit 1902 is used for performing channel estimation through PPDU.
  • Bfee can determine that the PPDU is OFDMA based NDP according to the first field in the PPDU; then perform channel estimation through the PPDU during OFDMA-based transmission, and feed back channel state information to Bfer to realize beamforming for OFDMA transmission , resource scheduling and other functions, thereby improving channel quality and throughput.
  • the communication device 1900 can be understood as a Bfee.
  • the communication device 1900 may be, for example, an access point or a station. Or the communication device is deployed at an access point or a station.
  • the processing unit 1901 of the communication device 1900 may be a processor, and the sending unit 1902 of the communication device 1900 may be a transceiver.
  • the above first field may include PPDU type and compressed mode subfields.
  • the above-mentioned first field may include a PPDU type and a compressed mode subfield and a second field, the PPDU type and compressed mode subfield are used to indicate that the PPDU is EHT sounding NDP, and the second field is used to indicate that the PPDU is based on OFDMA transmission.
  • the above-mentioned first field may include a STA ID subfield, and the STA ID subfield is used to indicate that the PPDU is EHT sounding NDP based on OFDMA transmission.
  • the above PPDU may also include EHT-SIG, EHT-SIG includes n user fields, n user fields include spatial stream number subfield, at least one of beamforming subfields, n is a positive integer .
  • the above PPDU may further include an EHT-SIG, and the EHT-SIG only includes a common field, and the common field may include at least one of the number of spatial streams subfield and the beamforming subfield.
  • the above PPDU may further include a U-SIG and an EHT-SIG
  • the U-SIG may include a first punctured channel indication field
  • the EHT-SIG may include a second punctured channel indication field.
  • the first puncturing channel indication field is used to indicate the puncturing situation within the 80 MHz sub-block bandwidth where the U-SIG is located
  • the second puncturing channel indication field is used to indicate the puncturing situation within the entire PPDU bandwidth.
  • the above-mentioned second punctured channel indication field may include at least one resource unit indication subfield, and the resource unit indication subfield is used to indicate the puncturing situation of a subchannel within the PPDU bandwidth.
  • the above-mentioned second punctured channel indication field may include a bitmap subfield, and the bitmap subfield is used to indicate the puncturing situation within the entire PPDU bandwidth.
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of modules of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device 2000 includes a receiving unit 2001 and a processing unit 2002.
  • the receiving unit 2001 is used to receive the EHT NDPA frame, the EHT NDPA frame includes a third field indicating the punching situation in the entire EHT sounding NDP bandwidth, and the EHT sounding NDP includes indicating that the punching situation in the entire EHT sounding NDP bandwidth is determined by the third field field;
  • the processing unit 2002 is used for parsing the EHT NDPA frame.
  • Bfee when transmitting based on OFDMA, Bfee can obtain the third field from the EHT NDPA frame according to the indication of the fourth field in the EHT sounding NDP, and determine the punching situation in the entire EHT sounding NDP bandwidth according to the indication of the third field. Then channel estimation can be performed according to the puncturing situation and EHT sounding NDP, and channel state information can be fed back to Bfer to realize beamforming, resource scheduling and other functions for OFDMA transmission, thereby improving channel quality and throughput.
  • the communication device 2000 can be understood as a Bfee.
  • the communication device 2000 may be, for example, a station or an access point, or the communication device 2000 is deployed at a station or an access point.
  • the processing unit 2002 of the communication device 2000 may be a processor, and the receiving unit 2001 of the communication device 2000 may be a transceiver.
  • the third field may include at least one first information, and the first information is used to indicate that Bfee feeds back channel state information of a subchannel within the EHT sounding NDP bandwidth, or, the first information is used to indicate EHT sounding One subchannel within the NDP bandwidth is not punctured.
  • the third field further includes at least one second information, and the second information is used to indicate that a subchannel within the EHT sounding NDP bandwidth is punched.
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 2100 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device 2100 includes a processor 2101 and a transceiver 2102 .
  • the communication device 2100 may be the first MLD or the second MLD, or a chip therein.
  • FIG. 14 shows only the main components of the communication device 2100 .
  • the communication device may further include a memory 2103 and an input and output device (not shown in the figure).
  • the processor 2101 is mainly used to process communication protocols and communication data, control the entire communication device, execute software programs, and process data of the software programs.
  • the memory 2103 is mainly used to store software programs and data.
  • the transceiver 2102 may include a radio frequency circuit and an antenna, and the radio frequency circuit is mainly used for converting a baseband signal to a radio frequency signal and processing the radio frequency signal.
  • Antennas are mainly used to send and receive radio frequency signals in the form of electromagnetic waves.
  • Input and output devices such as touch screens, display screens, and keyboards, are mainly used to receive data input by users and output data to users.
  • the processor 2101, the transceiver 2102, and the memory 2103 may be connected through a communication bus.
  • the processor 2101 can read the software program in the memory 2103, interpret and execute the instructions of the software program, and process the data of the software program.
  • the processor 2101 performs baseband processing on the data to be sent, and then outputs the baseband signal to the radio frequency circuit.
  • the radio frequency circuit receives the radio frequency signal through the antenna, converts the radio frequency signal into a baseband signal, and outputs the baseband signal to the processor 2101, and the processor 2101 converts the baseband signal into data and processes the data deal with.
  • the radio frequency circuit and the antenna can be set independently from the processor for baseband processing.
  • the radio frequency circuit and antenna can be arranged remotely from the communication device.
  • the present application also provides a chip, which can realize the functions of any one of the above method embodiments by executing computer programs or instructions.
  • a communication device may be a stand-alone device or may be part of a larger device.
  • the communication device may be:
  • a set of one or more ICs may also include storage components for storing data and instructions;
  • ASIC such as modem (Modem);
  • Receivers smart terminals, wireless devices, handsets, mobile units, vehicle-mounted devices, cloud devices, artificial intelligence devices, etc.;
  • the chip can be implemented by a processor, and the processor can be used to perform, for example but not limited to, baseband-related processing, and the chip can also include a transceiver, the transceiver Transceivers may be used to perform, for example but not limited to, radio frequency transceiving.
  • the above-mentioned devices may be respectively arranged on independent chips, or at least partly or all of them may be arranged on the same chip.
  • processors can be further divided into analog baseband processors and digital baseband processors. Wherein, the analog baseband processor can be integrated with the transceiver on the same chip, and the digital baseband processor can be set on an independent chip.
  • a digital baseband processor can be combined with a variety of application processors (such as but not limited to graphics processors, multimedia processors, etc.) integrated on the same chip.
  • application processors such as but not limited to graphics processors, multimedia processors, etc.
  • Such a chip can be called a system chip (system on chip). Whether each device is independently arranged on different chips or integrated and arranged on one or more chips often depends on the specific needs of product design.
  • the embodiment of the present invention does not limit the specific implementation forms of the foregoing devices.
  • the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer-readable storage medium is executed by a computer, the functions of any one of the above method embodiments are realized.
  • the present application also provides a computer program product, which implements the functions of any one of the above method embodiments when executed by a computer.
  • words such as “exemplary” or “for example” are used as examples, illustrations or illustrations. Any embodiment or design scheme described as “exemplary” or “for example” in the embodiments of the present application shall not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or design schemes. Rather, the use of words such as “exemplary” or “such as” is intended to present related concepts in a concrete manner.
  • Multiple means two or more than two, and other quantifiers are similar.
  • “And/or” describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there may be three kinds of relationships, for example, A and/or B may indicate: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists independently.
  • the singular forms “a”, “an” and “the” do not mean “one or only one” but “one or more” unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. in one".
  • a device means reference to one or more such devices.
  • at least one (at least one of). «" means one or any combination of subsequent associated objects, such as "at least one of A, B and C” includes A, B, C, AB, AC, BC, or ABC.
  • the method steps in the embodiments of the present application may be implemented by means of hardware, or may be implemented by means of a processor executing software instructions.
  • Software instructions can be composed of corresponding software modules, and software modules can be stored in random access memory (random access memory, RAM), flash memory, read-only memory (read-only memory, ROM), programmable read-only memory (programmable ROM) , PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (erasable PROM, EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (electrically EPROM, EEPROM), register, hard disk, mobile hard disk, CD-ROM or known in the art any other form of storage medium.
  • An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor such the processor can read information from, and write information to, the storage medium.
  • the storage medium may also be a component of the processor.
  • the processor and storage medium can be located in the ASIC.
  • the ASIC can be located in a network device or a terminal device.
  • the processor and the storage medium may also exist in the network device or the terminal device as discrete components.
  • all or part of them may be implemented by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof.
  • software When implemented using software, it may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product.
  • the computer program product comprises one or more computer programs or instructions. When the computer program or instructions are loaded and executed on the computer, the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are executed in whole or in part.
  • the computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, network equipment, user equipment, or other programmable devices.
  • the computer program or instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer program or instructions may be downloaded from a website, computer, A server or data center transmits to another website site, computer, server or data center by wired or wireless means.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer, or a data storage device such as a server or a data center integrating one or more available media. Described usable medium can be magnetic medium, for example, floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape; It can also be optical medium, for example, digital video disc (digital video disc, DVD); It can also be semiconductor medium, for example, solid state drive (solid state drive) , SSD).
  • references to "an embodiment” throughout the specification mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic related to the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Therefore, various embodiments are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment throughout the specification. Furthermore, the particular features, structures or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. It can be understood that in various embodiments of the present application, the serial numbers of the processes do not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of the processes should be determined by their functions and internal logic, and should not be used in the embodiments of the present application. The implementation process constitutes no limitation.

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Abstract

本申请提供一种通信方法及装置，涉及通信领域。方法包括：生成物理层协议数据单元PPDU，PPDU包括指示PPDU为基于正交频分多址OFDMA传输的极高吞吐率探测空数据分组EHT sounding NDP的第一字段，PPDU还包括极高吞吐率-长训练字段EHT-LTF和数据包扩展字段PE，PE与EHT-LTF相邻；发送PPDU。这样，Bfee可以根据PPDU中的第一字段，确定该PPDU为基于OFDMA传输的EHT sounding NDP；然后通过该PPDU进行信道估计，并向Bfer反馈信道状态信息，以实现针对OFDMA传输的波束成型、资源调度等功能，进而提升信道质量和吞吐量。本申请应用于支持IEEE 802.11ax下一代WiFi协议，如802.11be，或EHT等802.11系列协议的无线局域网系统。

Description

一种通信方法及装置
本申请要求于2021年07月19日提交国家知识产权局、申请号为202110815897.3、申请名称为“一种通信方法及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种通信方法及装置。
背景技术
无线局域网(wireless local area network，WLAN)等无线系统中，接入点(access point，AP)、站点(station，STA)通常需要获取信道状态信息，并利用信道状态信息进行波束成型(beamforming，BF)、资源调度等，以提高信道质量、吞吐量。
然而，802.11be标准中，AP、STA在基于正交频分多址(orthogonal frequency division multiple access，OFDMA)传输时，无法进行信道探测，这导致AP或STA无法获取信道状态信息以实现波束成型(beamforming，BF)、资源调度等功能，进而导致信道质量较差，吞吐量(throughput)低。因此，如何使得AP、STA在基于OFDMA传输时能够进行信道探测成为目前亟需解决的问题。
发明内容
本申请提供一种通信方法及装置，能够解决AP、STA在基于OFDMA传输时不能进行信道探测的问题。
为达到上述目的，本申请采用如下技术方案：
第一方面，本申请提供一种通信方法，该方法可应用于波束成形发起者(beamformer，Bfer)，Bfer可以为AP也可以为STA。该通信方法包括：生成物理层协议数据单元PPDU，PPDU包括指示PPDU为基于正交频分多址OFDMA传输的极高吞吐率探测空数据分组EHT sounding NDP的第一字段，PPDU还包括极高吞吐率-长训练字段EHT-LTF和数据包扩展字段PE，PE与EHT-LTF相邻；发送PPDU。
可以理解，该PPDU为用于802.11ax之后的标准的OFDMA based NDP，不包含数据字段。该PPDU用于Bfee进行信道估计。
基于第一方面提供的通信方法，波束成形响应者(beamformee，Bfee)可以根据该PPDU中的第一字段，确定该PPDU为OFDMA based NDP；然后在基于OFDMA传输时通过该PPDU进行信道估计，并向波束成形发起者(beamformer，Bfer)反馈信道状态信息，以实现针对OFDMA传输的波束成型、资源调度等功能，进而提升信道质量和吞吐量。
在一些可能的设计中，上述的第一字段可以包括PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段。
在一些可能的设计中，上述的第一字段可以包括PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段以及第二字段。其中，PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段用于指示PPDU为EHT sounding NDP，第二字段用于指示PPDU基于OFDMA传输。
在一些可能的设计中，上述的第一字段可以包括站点标识STA ID子字段，STA ID子字段用于指示PPDU为基于OFDMA传输的EHT sounding NDP。
在一些可能的设计中，上述的PPDU还可以包括极高吞吐率信令字段EHT-SIG，EHT-SIG包括n个用户字段，n个用户字段中包括空间流数子字段，波束成形子字段中的至少一个，n为正整数。这样，本申请实施例提供的PPDU和基于OFDMA进行数据传输的PPDU，可以采用相同结构的用户字段，接收机解析这两者中的EHT-SIG的流程可以相同，从而能够降低接收机的实现复杂度。
在一些可能的设计中，上述的PPDU还可以包括EHT-SIG，EHT-SIG仅包括公共字段，公共字段可以包括空间流数子字段，波束成形子字段中的至少一个。这样，可以利用公共字段携带空间流数子字段、波束成形子字段，从而能够减少EHT-SIG的开销。
在一些可能的设计中，上述的PPDU还可以包括通用信令字段U-SIG和EHT-SIG，U-SIG可以包括第一打孔信道指示字段，EHT-SIG可以包括第二打孔信道指示字段。其中，第一打孔信道指示字段用于指示U-SIG所在80MHz子块带宽内的打孔情况，第二打孔信道指示字段用于指示整个PPDU带宽内的打孔情况。结合以本文中方式7-方式9中的相关说明可以看出，利用第一打孔信道指示字段和第二打孔信道指示字段指示PPDU的打孔模式，从而能够指示更多的打孔模式，使得本申请提供的PPDU支持更灵活的打孔模式。
可选的，上述的第二打孔信道指示字段可以包括至少一个资源单元指示子字段，资源单元指示子字段用于指示PPDU带宽内的一个子信道的打孔情况。
可选的，上述的第二打孔信道指示字段可以包括比特位图子字段，比特位图子字段用于指示整个PPDU带宽内的打孔情况。
第二方面，本申请提供一种通信方法，该方法可应用于Bfer，Bfer可以为AP也可以为STA。该通信方法包括：生成极高吞吐率空数据分组声明EHT NDPA帧，EHT NDPA帧包括指示整个EHT sounding NDP带宽内的打孔情况的第三字段，EHT sounding NDP包括指示整个EHT sounding NDP带宽内的打孔情况由第三字段确定的字段；发送EHT NDPA帧。
可以理解，该EHT NDPA帧为用于802.11ax之后的标准的EHT NDPA帧。该EHT NDPA帧用于Bfee进行信道估计。
基于第二方面提供的通信方法，在基于OFDMA传输时，Bfee可以根据EHT sounding NDP中第四字段的指示，从EHT NDPA帧获取第三字段，并根据第三字段的指示确定出整个EHT sounding NDP带宽内的打孔情况，然后可以根据该打孔情况和EHT sounding NDP进行信道估计，并向Bfer反馈信道状态信息，以实现针对OFDMA传输的波束成型、资源调度等功能，进而提升信道质量和吞吐量。
在一些可能的设计中，上述的第三字段可以包括至少一个第一信息，第一信息用于指示波束成形响应者Bfee反馈EHT sounding NDP带宽内的一个子信道的信道状态信息，或者，第一信息用于指示EHT sounding NDP带宽内的一个子信道未被打孔。
可选的，上述的第三字段还可以包括至少一个第二信息，第二信息用于指示EHT sounding NDP带宽内的一个子信道被打孔。
第三方面，本申请提供一种通信方法，该方法可应用于Bfee，Bfee可以为AP也可以为STA。该通信方法包括：接收PPDU，PPDU包括指示PPDU为基于OFDMA传输的EHT sounding NDP的第一字段，PPDU还包括EHT-LTF和PE，PE与EHT-LTF相邻；通过PPDU进行信道估计。
可以理解，该PPDU为用于802.11ax之后的标准的OFDMA based NDP，不包含数据字段。该PPDU用于Bfee进行信道估计。
基于第三方面提供的通信方法，波束成形响应者(beamformee，Bfee)可以根据该PPDU中的第一字段，确定该PPDU为OFDMA based NDP；然后在基于OFDMA传输时通过该PPDU进行信道估计，并向波束成形发起者(beamformer，Bfer)反馈信道状态信息，以实现针对OFDMA传输的波束成型、资源调度等功能，进而提升信道质量和吞吐量。
在一些可能的设计中，上述的第一字段可以包括PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段。
在一些可能的设计中，上述的第一字段可以包括PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段以及第二字段，PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段用于指示PPDU为EHT sounding NDP，第二字段用于指示PPDU基于OFDMA传输。
在一些可能的设计中，上述的第一字段可以包括STA ID子字段，STA ID子字段用于指示PPDU为基于OFDMA传输的EHT sounding NDP。
在一些可能的设计中，上述的PPDU还可以包括EHT-SIG，EHT-SIG包括n个用户字段，n个用户字段中包括空间流数子字段，波束成形子字段中的至少一个，n为正整数。
在一些可能的设计中，上述的PPDU还可以包括EHT-SIG，EHT-SIG仅包括公共字段，公共字段可以包括空间流数子字段，波束成形子字段中的至少一个。
在一些可能的设计中，上述的PPDU还可以包括U-SIG和EHT-SIG，U-SIG可以包括第一打孔信道指示字段，EHT-SIG可以包括第二打孔信道指示字段。第一打孔信道指示字段用于指示U-SIG所在80MHz子块带宽内的打孔情况，第二打孔信道指示字段用于指示整个PPDU带宽内的打孔情况。
可选的，上述的第二打孔信道指示字段可以包括至少一个资源单元指示子字段，资源单元指示子字段用于指示PPDU带宽内的一个子信道的打孔情况。
可选的，上述的第二打孔信道指示字段可以包括比特位图子字段，比特位图子字段用于指示整个PPDU带宽内的打孔情况。
第四方面，本申请提供一种通信方法，该方法可应用于Bfee，Bfee可以为AP也可以为STA。该通信方法包括：接收EHT NDPA帧，EHT NDPA帧包括指示整个EHT sounding NDP带宽内的打孔情况的第三字段，EHT sounding NDP包括指示整个EHT sounding NDP带宽内的打孔情况由第三字段确定的字段；解析EHT NDPA帧。
可以理解，该EHT NDPA帧为用于802.11ax之后的标准的EHT NDPA帧。该EHT NDPA帧用于Bfee进行信道估计。
基于第四方面提供的通信方法，在基于OFDMA传输时，Bfee可以根据EHT sounding NDP中第四字段的指示，从EHT NDPA帧获取第三字段，并根据第三字段的指示确定出整个EHT sounding NDP带宽内的打孔情况，然后可以根据该打孔情况 和EHT sounding NDP进行信道估计，并向Bfer反馈信道状态信息，以实现针对OFDMA传输的波束成型、资源调度等功能，进而提升信道质量和吞吐量。
在一些可能的设计中，第三字段可以包括至少一个第一信息，第一信息用于指示Bfee反馈EHT sounding NDP带宽内的一个子信道的信道状态信息，或者，第一信息用于指示EHT sounding NDP带宽内的一个子信道未被打孔。
可选的，第三字段还包括至少一个第二信息，第二信息用于指示EHT sounding NDP带宽内的一个子信道被打孔。
第五方面，本申请还提供一种通信装置，包括处理单元和发送单元。处理单元用于生成PPDU，PPDU包括指示PPDU为基于正交频分多址OFDMA传输的极高吞吐率探测空数据分组EHT sounding NDP的第一字段，PPDU还包括极高吞吐率-长训练字段EHT-LTF和数据包扩展字段PE，PE与EHT-LTF相邻。发送单元用于发送PPDU。这样，波束成形响应者(beamformee，Bfee)可以根据该PPDU中的第一字段，确定该PPDU为OFDMA based NDP；然后在基于OFDMA传输时通过该PPDU进行信道估计，并向波束成形发起者(beamformer，Bfer)反馈信道状态信息，以实现针对OFDMA传输的波束成型、资源调度等功能，进而提升信道质量和吞吐量。
该通信装置可理解为Bfer。该通信装置例如可以是接入点或站点。或者该通信装置部署在接入点或站点。
在一些可能的设计中，上述的第一字段可以包括PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段。
在一些可能的设计中，上述的第一字段可以包括PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段以及第二字段。其中，PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段用于指示PPDU为EHT sounding NDP，第二字段用于指示PPDU基于OFDMA传输。
在一些可能的设计中，上述的第一字段可以包括站点标识STA ID子字段，STA ID子字段用于指示PPDU为基于OFDMA传输的EHT sounding NDP。
在一些可能的设计中，上述的PPDU还可以包括极高吞吐率信令字段EHT-SIG，EHT-SIG包括n个用户字段，n个用户字段中包括空间流数子字段，波束成形子字段中的至少一个，n为正整数。
在一些可能的设计中，上述的PPDU还可以包括EHT-SIG，EHT-SIG仅包括公共字段，公共字段可以包括空间流数子字段，波束成形子字段中的至少一个。
在一些可能的设计中，上述的PPDU还可以包括通用信令字段U-SIG和EHT-SIG，U-SIG可以包括第一打孔信道指示字段，EHT-SIG可以包括第二打孔信道指示字段。其中，第一打孔信道指示字段用于指示U-SIG所在80MHz子块带宽内的打孔情况，第二打孔信道指示字段用于指示整个PPDU带宽内的打孔情况。
可选的，上述的第二打孔信道指示字段可以包括至少一个资源单元指示子字段，资源单元指示子字段用于指示PPDU带宽内的一个子信道的打孔情况。
可选的，上述的第二打孔信道指示字段可以包括比特位图子字段，比特位图子字段用于指示整个PPDU带宽内的打孔情况。
第六方面，本申请还提供一种通信装置，包括处理单元和发送单元。处理单元用于生成极高吞吐率空数据分组声明EHT NDPA帧。其中，EHT NDPA帧包括指示整个EHT sounding NDP带宽内的打孔情况的第三字段，EHT sounding NDP包括指示整 个EHT sounding NDP带宽内的打孔情况由第三字段确定的字段。发送单元用于发送EHT NDPA帧。这样，在基于OFDMA传输时，Bfee可以根据EHT sounding NDP中第四字段的指示，从EHT NDPA帧获取第三字段，并根据第三字段的指示确定出整个EHT sounding NDP带宽内的打孔情况，然后可以根据该打孔情况和EHT sounding NDP进行信道估计，并向Bfer反馈信道状态信息，以实现针对OFDMA传输的波束成型、资源调度等功能，进而提升信道质量和吞吐量。
该通信装置可理解为Bfer。该通信装置例如可以是接入点或站点。或者该通信装置部署在接入点或站点。
在一些可能的设计中，上述的第三字段可以包括至少一个第一信息，第一信息用于指示波束成形响应者Bfee反馈EHT sounding NDP带宽内的一个子信道的信道状态信息，或者，第一信息用于指示EHT sounding NDP带宽内的一个子信道未被打孔。
可选的，上述的第三字段还可以包括至少一个第二信息，第二信息用于指示EHT sounding NDP带宽内的一个子信道被打孔。
第七方面，本申请还提供一种通信装置，包括处理单元和发送单元。处理单元用于接收PPDU，PPDU包括指示PPDU为基于OFDMA传输的EHT sounding NDP的第一字段，PPDU还包括EHT-LTF和PE，PE与EHT-LTF相邻；发送单元用于通过PPDU进行信道估计。如此，波束成形响应者(beamformee，Bfee)可以根据该PPDU中的第一字段，确定该PPDU为OFDMA based NDP；然后在基于OFDMA传输时通过该PPDU进行信道估计，并向波束成形发起者(beamformer，Bfer)反馈信道状态信息，以实现针对OFDMA传输的波束成型、资源调度等功能，进而提升信道质量和吞吐量。
该通信装置可理解为Bfee。该通信装置例如可以是接入点或站点。或者该通信装置部署在接入点或站点。
在一些可能的设计中，上述的第一字段可以包括PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段。
在一些可能的设计中，上述的第一字段可以包括PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段以及第二字段，PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段用于指示PPDU为EHT sounding NDP，第二字段用于指示PPDU基于OFDMA传输。
在一些可能的设计中，上述的第一字段可以包括STA ID子字段，STA ID子字段用于指示PPDU为基于OFDMA传输的EHT sounding NDP。
在一些可能的设计中，上述的PPDU还可以包括EHT-SIG，EHT-SIG包括n个用户字段，n个用户字段中包括空间流数子字段，波束成形子字段中的至少一个，n为正整数。
在一些可能的设计中，上述的PPDU还可以包括EHT-SIG，EHT-SIG仅包括公共字段，公共字段可以包括空间流数子字段，波束成形子字段中的至少一个。
在一些可能的设计中，上述的PPDU还可以包括U-SIG和EHT-SIG，U-SIG可以包括第一打孔信道指示字段，EHT-SIG可以包括第二打孔信道指示字段。第一打孔信道指示字段用于指示U-SIG所在80MHz子块带宽内的打孔情况，第二打孔信道指示字段用于指示整个PPDU带宽内的打孔情况。
可选的，上述的第二打孔信道指示字段可以包括至少一个资源单元指示子字段， 资源单元指示子字段用于指示PPDU带宽内的一个子信道的打孔情况。
可选的，上述的第二打孔信道指示字段可以包括比特位图子字段，比特位图子字段用于指示整个PPDU带宽内的打孔情况。
第八方面，本申请还提供一种通信装置，包括接收单元和处理单元。接收单元用于接收EHT NDPA帧，EHT NDPA帧包括指示整个EHT sounding NDP带宽内的打孔情况的第三字段，EHT sounding NDP包括指示整个EHT sounding NDP带宽内的打孔情况由第三字段确定的字段；处理单元用于解析EHT NDPA帧。这样，在基于OFDMA传输时，Bfee可以根据EHT sounding NDP中第四字段的指示，从EHT NDPA帧获取第三字段，并根据第三字段的指示确定出整个EHT sounding NDP带宽内的打孔情况，然后可以根据该打孔情况和EHT sounding NDP进行信道估计，并向Bfer反馈信道状态信息，以实现针对OFDMA传输的波束成型、资源调度等功能，进而提升信道质量和吞吐量。
在一些可能的设计中，第三字段可以包括至少一个第一信息，第一信息用于指示Bfee反馈EHT sounding NDP带宽内的一个子信道的信道状态信息，或者，第一信息用于指示EHT sounding NDP带宽内的一个子信道未被打孔。
可选的，第三字段还包括至少一个第二信息，第二信息用于指示EHT sounding NDP带宽内的一个子信道被打孔。
第九方面，本申请实施方式还提供一种通信装置，该通信装置可包括：处理器、收发器。可选的，还包括存储器，当处理器执行存储器中的计算机程序或指令时，使得上述第一方面至第四方面任一实施方式的方法被执行。
该通信装置可理解为一种Bfer。该通信装置可以为站点，也可以为接入点。
第十方面，本申请实施方式还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机指令，计算机指令指示通信装置执行上述第一方面至第四方面任一实施方式的方法。
第十一方面，本申请实施方式还提供一种计算机程序产品，计算机程序产品包括计算机程序，当计算机程序在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面至第四方面任一实施方式的方法。
第十二方面，本申请还提供一种处理器，用于执行上述第一方面至第四方面任一实施方式的方法。在执行这些方法的过程中，上述方法中有关发送上述信息和接收上述信息的过程，可以理解为由处理器输出上述信息的过程，以及处理器接收输入的上述信息过程。具体来说，在输出上述信息时，处理器将该上述信息输出给收发器，以便由收发器进行发射。
更进一步的，该上述信息在由处理器输出之后，还可能需要进行其他的处理，然后才到达收发器。类似的，处理器接收输入的上述信息时，收发器接收该上述信息，并将其输入处理器。更进一步的，在收发器收到该上述信息之后，该上述信息可能需要进行其他的处理，然后才输入处理器。
如此一来，对于处理器所涉及的发射、发送和接收等操作，如果没有特殊说明，或者，如果未与其在相关描述中的实际作用或者内在逻辑相抵触，则均可以更加一般性的理解为处理器输出和接收、输入等操作，而不是直接由射频电路和天线所进行的 发射、发送和接收操作。
在具体实现过程中，上述处理器可以是专门用于执行这些方法的处理器，也可以是执行存储器中的计算机指令来执行这些方法的处理器，例如通用处理器。上述存储器可以为非瞬时性(non-transitory)存储器，例如只读存储器(read only memory，ROM)，其可以与处理器集成在同一块芯片上，也可以分别设置在不同的芯片上，本发明实施方式对存储器的类型以及存储器与处理器的设置方式不做限定。
第十三方面，本申请提供了一种芯片系统，该芯片系统包括处理器和接口，用于支持通信传输设备实现第一方面至第四方面任一方面的方法中所涉及的功能，例如，确定或处理上述方法中所涉及的数据和信息中的至少一种。在一种可能的设计中，芯片系统还包括存储器，存储器，用于保存前述通信装置的必要的信息和数据。该芯片系统，可以由芯片构成，也可以包括芯片和其他分立器件。
第十四方面，本申请提供了一种功能实体，该功能实体用于实现上述第一方面至第四方面任一方面所述的方法。
第三方面至第十四方面中的任一种实现方式所带来的技术效果可参见第一方面或第二方面中对应实现方式所带来的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
本申请在上述各方面提供的实现方式的基础上，还可以进行进一步组合以提供更多实现方式。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种通信系统的网络架构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种WLAN通信设备的结构示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的一种芯片的结构示意图；
图4为EHT信道探测流程的示意图；
图5为802.11be采用的EHT MU PPDU的一种结构示意图；
图6为802.11be采用的EHT sounding NDP的一种结构示意图；
图7为为本申请实施例的通信方法的流程示意图一；
图8为本申请实施例提供的EHT-SIG的结构示意图一；
图9为本申请实施例提供的EHT-SIG的结构示意图二；
图10为本申请实施例提供的信道打孔示意图；
图11为本申请实施例提供的EHT-SIG的结构示意图三；
图12为本申请实施例的通信方法的流程示意图二；
图13为本申请实施例提供的EHT NDPA帧的结构示意图一；
图14为本申请实施例提供的EHT NDPA帧的结构示意图二；
图15为本申请实施例提供的EHT NDPA帧的结构示意图三；
图16为本申请实施例的通信方法的流程示意图三；
图17为本申请实施例的通信装置的模块示意图一；
图18为本申请实施例的通信装置的模块示意图二；
图19为本申请实施例的通信装置的模块示意图三；
图20为本申请实施例的通信装置的模块示意图四；
图21为本申请实施例提供的通信装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本申请中的技术方案进行描述。
本申请实施例可以适用于无线局域网的场景，可以适用于电气及电子工程师学会(institute of electrical and electronics engineers，IEEE)802.11系统标准，例如802.11a/b/g标准、802.11n标准、802.11ac标准、802.11ax标准，或其下一代，例如802.11be标准或更下一代的标准中。或者，本申请实施例也可以适用于物联网(internet of things，IoT)网络或车联网(Vehicle to X，V2X)网络等无线局域网系统中。当然，本申请实施例还可以适用于其他可能的通信系统，例如，长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)系统、LTE频分双工(frequency division duplex，FDD)系统、LTE时分双工(time division duplex，TDD)、通用移动通信系统(universal mobile telecommunication system，UMTS)、全球互联微波接入(worldwide interoperability for microwave access，WiMAX)通信系统、第五代(5th generation，5G)通信系统、以及未来的第六代(6th generation，6G)通信系统等。
本申请实施例提供一种通信系统，本申请所述的通信方法可适用于该通信系统。该通信系统可以包括：一个或多个接入点(access point，AP)，以及一个或多个站点(station，STA)。
作为一种示例，请参见图1，图1为本申请实施例提供的一种通信系统的网络架构示意图。图1所示的通信系统中，AP包括AP1和AP2，STA包括STA1、STA2和STA3。AP可为STA调度无线资源，并在调度的无线资源上为该STA传输数据。例如，图1所示的通信系统中，AP1可以为STA1、STA3调度无线资源，并在调度的无线资源上为STA1、STA3传输数据，该数据可以包括上行数据信息和/或下行数据信息。
可以理解，一个或多个AP可以与一个或多个STA通信。当然，AP与AP之间可以通信，STA与STA之间可以通信。
需要注意的是，图1中以STA为手机、AP为路由器作为一种示例，并不表示对本文中的AP、STA类型进行限定。并且，图1中的AP和STA的数量仅是举例，并不表示对本文通信系统中的AP、STA的数量进行限定，上述通信系统的网络架构中AP、STA的数量还可以更多或者更少。
在本申请所述的通信系统中，AP可以为一种部署在无线通信网络中并为其关联的STA提供无线通信功能的装置。AP可以部署于家庭、大楼内部、园区内部，当然，也可以部署于户外。AP的覆盖半径可以为几十米至上百米。AP相当于一个连接有线网和无线网的桥梁。AP的作用包括：将各个无线网络客户端连接到一起，然后将无线网络接入以太网。具体的，AP可以是带有无线保真(wreless-fidelity，Wi-Fi)芯片的终端设备(如手机)或者网络设备(如路由器)。
AP可以为支持802.11be制式的设备。AP也可以为支持802.11ax、802.11ac、802.11n、802.11g、802.11b及802.11a等802.11家族的多种无线局域网(wireless local area networks，WLAN)制式的设备。本申请中的AP可以是极高吞吐率(extramely high  throughput，EHT)AP或高效(high efficient，HE)AP，还可以是适用未来某代Wi-Fi标准的接入点。其中，极高吞吐率也可称为极高吞吐量。
AP可包括处理器和收发器，处理器用于对AP的动作(比如解析信令信息、处理与通信相关的数据等)进行控制管理，收发器用于接收或发送信息。
在本申请所述的通信系统中，STA可以为无线通讯芯片、无线传感器或无线通信终端等，也可称为用户(或用户站点)。例如，STA可以为支持Wi-Fi通讯功能的移动电话、支持Wi-Fi通讯功能的平板电脑、支持Wi-Fi通讯功能的机顶盒、支持Wi-Fi通讯功能的智能电视、支持Wi-Fi通讯功能的智能可穿戴设备、支持Wi-Fi通讯功能的车载通信设备和支持Wi-Fi通讯功能的计算机等等。
可选的，STA可以支持802.11be制式。STA也可以支持802.11ax、802.11ac、802.11n、802.11g、802.11b及802.11a等802.11家族的多种无线局域网(wireless local area networks，WLAN)制式。本申请中的STA可以是极高吞吐率(extramely high throughput，EHT)STA或高效(high efficient，HE)STA，还可以是适用未来某代Wi-Fi标准的站点。
STA可包括处理器和收发器，处理器用于对STA的动作(比如解析信令信息、处理通信相关的数据等)进行控制管理，收发器用于接收或发送信息。
示例性的，上述的接入点和站点可以是：应用于车联网中的设备，物联网(IoT，internet of things)中的物联网节点、传感器等，智慧家居中的智能摄像头，智能遥控器，智能水表电表，智慧城市中的传感器等，以及通信服务器、路由器、交换机、网桥、计算机、手机等。
本申请实施例中的所涉及的AP和STA又可以统称为WLAN通信设备。该WLAN通信设备可以包括硬件结构、软件模块。该WLAN通信设备可以以硬件结构、软件模块、或硬件结构加软件模块的形式来实现各种通信功能(如本文实施例中的通信方法对应的功能)。该各种通信功能中的某个功能可以以硬件结构、软件模块、或者硬件结构加软件模块的方式来实现。
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种WLAN通信设备的结构示意图。如图2所示，该WLAN通信设备200可包括：处理器201、收发器205，可选的还包括存储器202。
该收发器205可以称为收发单元、收发机、或收发电路等，用于实现收发功能，例如，与其他设备或其它通信网络进行通信，收发信息，该其它通信网络可以为以太网、无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)、WLAN等。其中，收发器205可以包括接收器和发送器，接收器可以称为接收机或接收电路等，用于实现接收信息功能；发送器可以称为发送机或发送电路等，用于实现发送信息功能。
存储器202中可存储计算机程序或软件代码或指令204，该计算机程序或软件代码或指令204还可称为固件。处理器201可通过运行其中的计算机程序或软件代码或指令203，或通过调用存储器202中存储的计算机程序或软件代码或指令204，对媒体接入控制(media access control，MAC)层和物理层(physical layer，PHY)进行控制，以实现本申请下述各实施例提供的通信方法。
其中，处理器201可以为中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)、通用处理器网络处理器(network processor，NP)、数字信号处理器(digital signal processing， DSP)、微处理器、微控制器、可编程逻辑器件(programmable logic device，PLD)或它们的任意组合。处理器301还可以是其它具有处理功能的装置，例如电路、器件或软件模块，不予限制。
存储器304可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)或可存储静态信息和/或指令的其他类型的静态存储设备，也可以是随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)或可存储信息和/或指令的其他类型的动态存储设备，还可以是电可擦可编程只读存储器(electrically erasable programmable read-only memory，EEPROM)、只读光盘(compact disc read-only memory，CD-ROM)或其他光盘存储、光碟存储(包括压缩光碟、激光碟、光碟、数字通用光碟、蓝光光碟等)、磁盘存储介质或其他磁存储设备等，不予限制。
本申请中描述的处理器201和收发器205可实现在集成电路(integrated circuit，IC)、模拟IC、射频集成电路RFIC、混合信号IC、专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、印刷电路板(printed circuit board，PCB)、电子设备等上。
上述WLAN通信设备200还可以包括天线206。需要注意的是，该WLAN通信设备200所包括的各模块仅为示例说明，本申请不对此进行限制。
如前所述，以上实施例描述中的WLAN通信设备200可以是AP或者STA，但本申请中描述的WLAN通信设备的范围并不限于此，而且WLAN通信设备的结构可以不受图2的限制。WLAN通信设备可以是独立的设备或者可以是较大设备的一部分。例如该WLAN通信设备的实现形式可以是：(1)独立的集成电路IC，或芯片，或，芯片系统或子系统；(2)具有一个或多个IC的集合，可选的，该IC集合也可以包括用于存储数据，指令的存储部件；(3)可嵌入在其他设备内的模块；(4)接收机、智能终端、无线设备、手持机、移动单元、车载设备、云设备、人工智能设备等等；(5)其他等等。
对于WLAN通信设备的实现形式是芯片或芯片系统的情况，可参见图3所示的芯片或芯片系统的结构示意图。图3所示的芯片或芯片系统包括处理器301和接口302。其中，处理器301的数量可以是一个或多个，接口302的数量可以是多个。可选的，该芯片或芯片系统可以包括存储器303。
本申请实施例不限制权利要求书的保护范围和适用性。本领域技术人员可以在不脱离本申请实施例范围的情况下对本申请涉及的元件的功能和部署进行适应性更改，或酌情省略、替代或添加各种过程或组件。
以上对本申请提供的通信系统和WLAN通信设备进行了介绍，下面为了方便理解本申请实施例的技术方案，给出本申请相关技术的简要介绍如下。
1、信道探测(channel sounding)
目前，AP与STA之间通常可以利用空数据分组声明(null data packet announcement，NDPA)帧和空数据分组(null data packet，NDP)进行信道探测，其中，NDP可以理解为一种没有数据字段部分的物理层协议数据单元(physical layer protocol data unit，PPDU)。本申请中的信道探测又可以称为信道测量或信道估计。
具体的，在进行信道探测的过程中，AP先发送NDPA帧，该NDPA帧用于通知需要进行信道探测的STA。然后，在隔短帧间距(short inter-frame space，SIFS)之后， AP发送没有数据字段部分的NDP。STA利用NDP进行信道估计，然后通过波束成型报告(beamforming report，BF Report)帧反馈信道状态信息(channel state information，CSI)。最后，AP根据STA反馈的BF Report帧获取信道状态信息，以实现波束成型(beamforming，BF)、资源调度等功能。下面结合EHT信道探测流程对上述的信道探测过程进行具体说明：
EHT信道探测流程包括：非基于触发(non-trigger based，Non-TB)的EHT信道探测流程，基于触发(trigger based，TB)的EHT信道探测流程。
非基于触发的EHT信道探测流程适用于单个AP同单个STA之间进行信道探测，也适用于单个AP同单个AP，单个STA同单个STA之间。非基于触发的EHT信道探测流程如下：
以AP为波束成形(信道探测)发起者(beamformer，Bfer)，STA为波束成形响应者(beamformee，Bfee)举例，如图4中的A所示，AP首先向STA1发送EHT空数据分组声明(EHT null data packet announcement，EHT NDPA)帧(frame)，指示STA1相关的信道探测的参数。然后，在短帧间距(short inter-frame space，SIFS)之后，AP向STA1发送EHT探测(sounding)NDP。STA1通过EHT sounding NDP进行信道估计，然后反馈EHT压缩波束成形(EHT compressed beamforming)/信道质量指示(channel quality indication，CQI)帧。其中，EHT压缩波束成形/信道质量指示帧也可以称为波束成形报告。
如图4中的B所示，基于触发的EHT信道探测流程能够触发多个Bfee进行信道探测，从而进一步提高信道探测的效率。结合图4中的A和B，可以看出，基于触发的EHT信道探测流程与上述非基于触发的EHT信道探测流程的区别在于：基于触发的EHT信道探测流程中，AP在向STA发送EHT sounding NDP之后，经过1个SIFS，还可以向STA发送波束成形报告轮询触发帧(beamforming report poll trigger frame，BFRP TF)，以触发多个Bfee进行信道探测。并且，AP可以向多个STA(包括STA1、STA2、STA3)发送EHT NDPA帧、EHT sounding NDP以及BFRP TF。
相关技术中，发送NDPA帧和NDP的设备可以理解为Bfer；接收NDPA帧和NDP，并根据NDPA帧和NDP反馈波束成形报告的设备可理解为Bfee，波束成形报告可包含有信道状态信息。其中，Bfer可以为AP，也可以为STA。Bfee可以为STA，也可以为AP。
2、极高吞吐率多用户物理层协议数据单元(extreme high throughput multiple user physical layer protocol data unit，EHT MU PPDU)
WLAN从802.11a/b/g开始，历经802.11n，802.11ac，802.11ax到正在讨论的802.11be。其中，802.11ax标准的名称为高效(high efficient，HE)，802.11be标准的名称为极高吞吐率(extremely high throughput，EHT)。
802.11be标准中，物理层协议数据单元(physical layer protocol data unit，PPDU)的名称为EHT PPDU。在802.11be标准中，针对多用户(multiple user，MU)传输，定义了EHT PPDU的一种格式为EHT MU PPDU。其中，EHT MU PPDU可以支持单用户的数据传输(包括上行或下行)，以及支持下行多用户的数据传输。
请参照图5，图5示出了802.11be可能采用的EHT MU PPDU的一种结构。该 EHT MU PPDU包括前导码部分、数据(data)字段以及数据包扩展(packet extension，PE)字段。其中，前导码部分包括：传统-短训练字段(legacy short training field，L-STF)、传统-长训练字段(legacy long training field，L-LTF)、传统-信令字段(legacy signal field，L-SIG)、重复传统信令字段(repeated L-SIG，RL-SIG)和通用信令字段(universal SIG，U-SIG)、极高吞吐率信令字段(EHT-SIG)、极高吞吐率短训练字段(extremely high throughput short training field，EHT-STF)、极高吞吐率长训练字段(extremely high throughput long training field，EHT-LTF)。
其中，EHT MU PPDU中各字段的描述(或含义)可以参看下表1中所示。
表1
Figure PCTCN2022086811-appb-000001
需要注意的是，上述U-SIG可存在于802.11be标准及以后若干代标准中的PPDU中。并且，在802.11be标准及以后若干代标准中的PPDU中，U-SIG中的子字段可以指示携带该U-SIG的PPDU为EHT PPDU，以及指示该EHT PPDU是哪一代标准的PPDU，也即是指示该EHT PPDU对应的标准。
3、EHT探测(sounding)NDP
在802.11be标准中，EHT sounding NDP是EHT MU PPDU的一种传输模式，或者可以说，EHT sounding NDP是一种没有数据字段部分的EHT MU PPDU。当然，EHT sounding NDP也可以理解为一种NDP，或者没有数据字段部分的PPDU。
请参照图6，图6示出了802.11be可能采用的EHT sounding NDP的一种结构。其中，EHT sounding NDP中各个字段的描述说明可以参照上述表1，在此不再赘述。可以看出，EHT sounding NDP与EHT MU PPDU的区别主要在于：EHT sounding NDP不 存在数据字段，即EHT sounding NDP中的data字段的符号数为0。
EHT sounding NDP可以用于Bfer与Bfee之间在非(non)-OFDMA传输过程中的信道探测，可以帮助发送EHT sounding NDP的设备(比如AP)去获取收发两端(包括Bfer和Bfee)之间的信道状态信息，进而进行波束成形和资源调度。
然而，关于正在讨论中的802.11be，目前802.11be中的EHT sounding NDP仅适用于non-OFDMA传输，并不适用于OFDMA传输。具体来说，AP或STA在利用EHT sounding NDP进行信道探测时，由于目前的EHT sounding NDP是基于non-OFDMA传输进行设计的，所以只适用于non-OFDMA传输时进行信道探测。而在基于OFDMA传输时，AP或STA无法进行OFDMA传输的信道探测或者基于目前的EHT sounding NDP无法准确进行OFDMA传输的信道探测，也即当前EHT sounding NDP的设计存在缺陷。或者换句话说，802.11be中并未设计基于OFDMA的用于信道探测的NDP，这导致AP或STA在基于OFDMA传输时，无法进行信道探测，从而导致AP或STA无法获取信道状态信息以实现波束成型、资源调度等功能，进而导致信道质量较差，吞吐量低。
其中，基于non-OFDMA传输的EHT sounding NDP可以理解为non-OFDMA based EHT sounding NDP(或者为non-OFDMA based NDP)，从而基于non-OFDMA传输的EHT sounding NDP可以被称为non-OFDMA based NDP。
4、实现了EHT基本特性的设备与非实现了EHT基本特性的设备
正在讨论中的802.11be标准包括两个版本，分别为：第一个版本(Release 1，R1)、第二个版本(Release 2，R2)。R1与R2的区别主要在于特性不同。R1只涉及一些基本特性，R2会进一步涉及一些其他待定的特性。为了区分两个版本的设备，可以将第一个版本的设备称之为实现了EHT基本特性的设备，在标准中可以利用一个管理信息库中的属性值dot11EHTBaseLineFeaturesImplementedOnly为1表示。可以将第二个版本的设备称之为非实现了EHT基本特性的设备，也可以称作实现了EHT进阶特性的设备，可以利用dot11EHTBaseLineFeaturesImplementedOnly为0表示，本发明方案对此不作限制。
在本文中，为了便于理解，第一个版本的设备可以被简称为R1设备，第二个版本的设备可以被简称为R2设备。
5、信令字段中的证实(validate)与不理会(disregard)
目前的各个标准中，为了给后续标准的修改留下空间，在信令字段中通常存在证实比特或证实状态、不理会比特或不理会状态。
例如，在现阶段正在讨论的802.11be标准中，物理层前导码中信令字段包括：保留/未用比特(reserved bits)，保留/未用比特可以分为不理会比特和证实比特。某个(子)字段的值可以被设置为保留/未用的状态(条目)，保留/未用的状态(条目)可以分为不理会状态和证实状态。
如果R1设备发现一个PPDU内的证实比特没有设置成标准中规定的默认值(或缺省值)或者某些子字段的值被设置成证实状态，则需要一直等到该PPDU结束(defer for the duration of the PPDU)，把版本无关中的相关信息传递给介质介入控制(medium access control，MAC)层，用来保证新设备同传统设备的共存，并终止该PPDU的接 收。在本文中，为了便于理解，上述“保证新设备同传统设备的共存”可以被称为“保证共存”，“证实比特没有设置成标准中规定的默认值(或缺省值)”可以被称为“非缺省的证实比特”。
对于不理会比特，或者被设置成不理会状态的子字段，如果一个R1设备没有发现以上条件，即证实比特没有设置成标准中规定的默认值(或缺省值)或者某些子字段的值被设置成证实状态，则该设备会忽略不理会比特，或者忽略某个被设置成不理会状态的子字段，继续读取其他字段。
简而言之：证实比特和缺省值不一样或者某个子字段被设置成证实状态，则终止接收；不理会比特的值无论如何或者某个子字段被设置成不理会状态，都可以忽略。
举例来讲，EHT sounding NDP的U-SIG字段中，存在5比特不理会比特，3比特证实比特。另外在EHT sounding NDP的EHT-SIG字段的U-SIG溢出(U-SIG Overflow)部分，包括2个不理会比特。EHT sounding NDP的U-SIG字段中，上下行子字段和PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段的联合指示中，存在证实状态。假设PPDU中任意1个证实比特在后续标准中被赋予新的功能，当该值被设置成非缺省值0时，那么当前的设备(已经上市的老设备)会等到该PPDU结束，把版本无关中的相关信息传递给MAC层，用来保证共存，并终止该PPDU的接收。同样，当上下行子字段和PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段的联合指示为目前标准尚未用到的证实状态时，则当前的设备则同样会等到该PPDU结束，把版本无关中的相关信息传递给MAC层，用来保证共存，并终止该PPDU的接收。而不理会比特在后续标准中被赋予新的功能时，无论设置成什么值，如果该PPDU中不存在非缺省的证实比特以及证实状态，则当前的设备会忽略该比特或者该子字段，继续接收其他字段。
6、打孔模式(puncturing pattern)
在Wi-Fi中，连续的多个信道中可能存在一个或多个信道处于忙碌状态(也可称为忙碌信道)，忙碌信道不能为用户提供数据传输服务。为了提高连续的多个信道中不忙碌的信道的利用率，发送端(比如AP)可以在不忙碌的一个或多个信道上向接收端(比如STA)传输数据。并且，为了使得接收端能够正确地在这不忙碌的一个或多个信道上接收数据，发送端在向接收端传输数据时，还需要向接收端发送一个指示信息，该指示信息用于指示连续的多个信道中忙碌的信道和承载数据的信道，这个指示信息所指示的即为打孔模式。其中，忙碌的信道也可以被称为被打孔(puncturing)的信道，承载数据的信道可以被称为未被打孔的信道。这样，可以提高信道的利用率，从而提高吞吐量(throughput)。
简而言之，上述相关技术中存在如下问题：802.11be中并未设计基于OFDMA的用于信道探测的NDP，这导致AP或STA在基于OFDMA传输时，无法进行信道探测。另外，现阶段讨论的802.11be标准中所定义的打孔模式不够灵活。
基于上文中的相关技术，本申请提供一些用于802.11ax之后标准的PPDU，比如EHT PPDU(包括EHT MU PPDU)或者EHT之后的PPDU(简称为EHT+PPDU)。以EHT PPDU为例，EHT PPDU包括两种类型，一种是包括数据字段的EHT PPDU，另一种是不包括数据字段的EHT PPDU。换句话说，一种是用于数据传输的EHT PPDU，另一种是用于信道估计的EHT PPDU。用于信道估计的EHT PPDU包括极高吞吐率-长 训练字段(EHT-LTF)和数据包扩展字段(PE)，PE与EHT-LTF相邻，即PE与EHT-LTF之间不存在数据字段。换句话说，该EHT-LTF后不包括数据字段，或者说PPDU数据字段的符号数为0这种不包括数据字段的EHT PPDU为EHT sonding NDP。同理，其中，对于EHT+PPDU，EHT+PPDU可以包括EHT+-LTF和PE。
本申请提供的用于信道估计的PPDU为EHT sonding NDP，且是基于OFDMA传输的NDP时，其包括：指示该PPDU为基于OFDMA传输的EHT sounding NDP的第一字段。为了便于描述，基于OFDMA传输的EHT sounding NDP可以被称为OFDMA based NDP，或OFDMA based EHT sounding NDP。这样，在使用802.11ax之后的标准(例如802.11be)进行无线通信的场景下，Bfee可以根据本申请提供的PPDU中的第一字段，确定本申请提供的PPDU为OFDMA based NDP，从而能够在基于OFDMA传输时通过本申请提供的PPDU进行信道估计，以向Bfer反馈信道状态信息，实现针对OFDMA传输的波束成型、资源调度等功能，进而提升信道质量和吞吐量。
下面结合本申请实施例提供的通信方法，阐述本申请的技术方案提供的PPDU的结构。
请参照图7，图7为本申请实施例的通信方法的流程示意图一。该方法可包括以下步骤：
S701，Bfer生成PPDU。
该PPDU可以前述的EHT sounding NDP，且是基于OFDMA based NDP。
本申请方法实施例所提出的用于信道估计的PPDU可以适用于OFDMA传输，并且在PPDU中包括第一字段用于指示其为EHT sounding PPDU，且是基于OFDMA based NDP，如此该PPDU可以用于Bfee在基于OFDMA传输时进行信道探测。相比于non-OFDMA based NDP，本申请提供的PPDU能够支持更加灵活的打孔方式，能够针对OFDMA传输的波束成型、资源调度等功能，进而提升信道质量和吞吐量。
本申请实施例提出的用于信道估计的PPDU可以为以下实施例提供的4种用于信道估计的PPDU中的任意一种，或者这4种用于信道估计的PPDU中任意多种的结合。其中，这些结构可以应用于802.11ax之后的标准的PPDU中。
本申请实施例提供的第1种用于信道估计的PPDU，可以包括指示PPDU为OFDMA based NDP的第一字段。或者换言之，本申请提供的用于信道估计的PPDU中的第一字段用于指示该PPDU为OFDMA based NDP。因为OFDMA based NDP本身比non-OFDMA based NDP支持更灵活的打孔方式，Bfee可以根据该PPDU中的第一字段，确定该PPDU为OFDMA based NDP；然后在基于OFDMA传输时通过该PPDU进行信道估计，并向Bfer反馈信道状态信息，以实现针对支持更加灵活的打孔方式的OFDMA传输的波束成型、资源调度等功能，进而提升信道质量和吞吐量。
本申请实施例提供的第2种用于信道估计的PPDU，可以包括极高吞吐率信令字段(EHT-SIG)。其中，该EHT-SIG可以包括n个用户字段，n个用户字段中可以包括空间流数子字段、波束成形子字段中的至少一个，n可以为正整数。这样，本申请实施例提供的用于信道估计的PPDU和基于OFDMA进行数据传输的PPDU，可以采用相同结构的用户字段，接收机解析这两者中的EHT-SIG的流程可以相同，从而能够降低接收机的实现复杂度。
本申请实施例提供的第3种用于信道估计的PPDU，可以包括EHT-SIG，EHT-SIG可以仅包括公共字段，公共字段可以包括空间流数子字段、波束成形子字段中的至少一个。这样，可以利用公共字段携带空间流数子字段、波束成形子字段，从而能够减少EHT-SIG的开销。
本申请实施例提供的第4种用于信道估计的PPDU，可以包括通用信令字段(U-SIG)和EHT-SIG。其中，U-SIG可以包括第一打孔信道指示字段，EHT-SIG可以包括第二打孔信道指示字段。第一打孔信道指示字段用于指示U-SIG所在80MHz子块带宽内的打孔情况。第二打孔信道指示字段用于指示整个PPDU带宽内的打孔情况。结合以下方式7-方式9中的相关说明可以看出，利用第一打孔信道指示字段和第二打孔信道指示字段指示PPDU的打孔模式，从而能够指示更多的打孔模式，使得本申请提供的PPDU支持更灵活的打孔模式。
可以理解，本申请实施例提供的上述4种用于信道估计的PPDU在非互斥的基础上，任意多种可以相互结合，结合后的PPDU能够具有被结合起来的几种PPDU的效果。比如，可以将上述第1种用于信道估计的PPDU和第4种用于信道估计的PPDU的实现方式相结合，结合后的PPDU中不仅包括指示PPDU为OFDMA based NDP的第一字段，还包括支持更加灵活打孔模式的第一打孔信道指示字段和第二打孔信道指示字段。如此，Bfee通过结合后的PPDU进行信道估计时，不仅能够利用结合后的PPDU实现针对OFDMA传输的波束成型、资源调度等功能，提升信道质量和吞吐量，还能够支持更加灵活的打孔模式。
又比如，可以将上述第1种用于信道估计的PPDU-第4种用于信道估计的PPDU相结合。结合后的PPDU包括第1种PPDU-第4种PPDU中所述的各个字段。结合后的PPDU能够具备第1种PPDU-第4种PPDU中所有PPDU的效果。
关于上述4种PPDU的具体结构以及相应的技术效果，可以参照下文中的相关描述，在此不予赘述。
本申请实施例提供的几种用于信道估计的PPDU中包括的多种字段/子字段的名称是根据802.11ax之后的802.11be标准确定的，例如EHT-LTF、STA ID、PPDU类型和压缩模式(PPDU type&compression mode)子字段、空间流数子字段、波束成形子字段、打孔信道指示字段、EHT-SIG等。本申请实施例中，对于PPDU中包括的多种字段/子字段，本申请实施例并不限定这些字段/子字段的命名，在其他实施例中，也可以替换为其他名称。比如，这些字段/子字段的命名的名称，也可以替换为与802.11ax之后的标准中功能/描述相对应的字段的名称。
S702，Bfer向Bfee发送用于信道估计的PPDU。
相应的，Bfee接收来自Bfer的PPDU。
S703，Bfee通过PPDU进行信道估计。
其中，Bfee可以基于本申请提供的用于信道估计的PPDU获取PPDU的打孔情况，然后根据获取的打孔情况和本申请提供的PPDU进行信道估计，以获取信道状态信息。可选的，在获得信道状态信息之后，图7所示的通信方法还可以包括：Bfee向Bfer发送包含有信道状态信息的波束成形报告。
如此，在利用802.11ax之后的标准(例如802.11be)进行无线通信的场景下，Bfee 可以通过被第一字段指示为OFDMA based NDP的PPDU进行信道估计，获得信道状态信息，并向Bfer反馈波束成形报告，以实现针对OFDMA传输的波束成型、资源调度等功能，进而提升信道质量和吞吐量。
本申请实施例中，Bfer可以为AP也可以为STA。Bfee可以为STA也可以为AP。
下面具体阐述上述方法步骤涉及的4种用于信道估计的PPDU的具体结构以及相应的技术效果。
在一些可能的实现方式中，本申请实施例的通信方法中传输的PPDU，可以采用本申请实施例提供的第1种用于信道估计的PPDU的结构。
本申请实施例提供的第1种用于信道估计的PPDU，包括第一字段，第一字段用于指示PPDU为OFDMA based NDP。这样，在基于OFDMA传输时，Bfee可以根据被第一字段指示为OFDMA based NDP的PPDU进行信道估计，并向Bfer反馈信道状态信息，以实现针对OFDMA传输中的波束成型、资源调度等功能，进而提升信道质量和吞吐量。
本申请实施例提供的第1种用于信道估计的PPDU可以包括U-SIG与EHT-SIG中的至少一个。其中，可以利用U-SIG与EHT-SIG中的至少一个所包括的子字段(比如保留/未用的比特、PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段等)实现第一字段。或者换句话说，第一字段可以位于U-SIG与EHT-SIG中的至少一个字段中。
下面结合U-SIG字段(参照下表2)和EHT-SIG字段，对第一字段的实现方式进行具体说明。
请参照表2，表2为本申请实施例提供的用于信道估计的PPDU中U-SIG的一种可能的结构表。在表2中，U-SIG可以包括如下多个字段：物理层版本指示(version identifier)字段、带宽字段、上行/下行(uplink/downlink，UL/DL)字段、基本服务集合颜色(basic service set color，BSS color)字段、传输机会(transmit opportunity，TXOP)字段、不理会比特、证实比特、PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段、证实比特、打孔信道指示字段、证实比特、EHT-SIG编码与调制策略(modulation and coding scheme，MCS)字段、EHT-SIG符号数(number of EHT-SIG symbols)字段、循环冗余码(cyclic redundancy code，CRC)和尾部比特(tail)。其中，上述U-SIG包括的各个字段的相关说明可以参照下表2中的描述部分，在此不再赘述。
本申请实施例提供的用于信道估计的PPDU可以包括EHT-SIG，该EHT-SIG中可以包括公共字段和用户特定字段(user specific field)，其中，公共字段部分和用户特定字段部分的说明可以参照下文图8和表4的相关说明，在此不予赘述。
表2
Figure PCTCN2022086811-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2022086811-appb-000003
为了便于理解，本文中对Bx-By的解释如下：Bx-By用于表示第x比特至第y比特，x和y为整数，且x≥0，y≥0，y≥x。比如，B3-B7表示第3比特-第7比特。
表3-1
Figure PCTCN2022086811-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2022086811-appb-000005
表3-2
Figure PCTCN2022086811-appb-000006
Figure PCTCN2022086811-appb-000007
可选的，本申请实施例提供的用于信道估计的PPDU中的第一字段包括PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段。PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段用于指示PPDU为OFDMA based NDP。其中，该PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段的相关说明可以参照上述表2，该PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段在U-SIG中的比特位置位于U-SIG第二个符号的B0-B1。
换言之，可以利用U-SIG中的PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段实现上述第一字段。在具体实现时可以参照如下方式1、方式2：
方式1，基于PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段指示为3，指示PPDU为OFDMA based NDP。这样可以尽量复用相关的信令，尽量不改变其他EHT PPDU类型和压缩模式(比如OFDMA类型的数据传输)下Bfee的接收流程，减少实现复杂度。
具体的，参照上表3-2，以PPDU为PPDU1举例，PPDU1的PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段指示为3。Bfee在接收到PPDU1时，Bfee可以根据PPDU1中指示为3的PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段，确定PPDU1为OFDMA based NDP。从而Bfee可以通过PPDU1进行信道估计，并向Bfer反馈信道状态信息。其中，PPDU1可以是上行PPDU或下行PPDU，即PPDU1的上行/下行字段可以指示为0或1。
应理解，在方式1中，PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段指示为3以外的其他值时，指示的目的可以根据实际需求进行设计，比如可以设计为表3-1或表3-2中所示的PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段，本申请对此不作限定。
方式2，基于PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段指示为0以及PPDU数据字段的符号数为0，指示PPDU为OFDMA based NDP。Bfee接收到PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段指示为0的PPDU时，如果确定该PPDU的数据字段的符号数为0，则确定该PPDU是OFDMA based NDP。其中，数据字段的符号数为0表示PPDU不包含数据字段。
具体的，参照上表3-1，以PPDU为PPDU2举例，PPDU2不包含数据字段，且 PPDU2的PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段指示为0。Bfee在接收到PPDU2时，可以根据PPDU2中指示为0的PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段以及计算出的PPDU2数据字段的符号数为0，确定PPDU2为OFDMA based NDP。从而Bfee可以通过PPDU2进行信道估计，并向Bfer反馈信道状态信息。其中，PPDU2可以仅是下行PPDU，即PPDU2的上行/下行字段指示为0。这样可以尽量复用相关的信令，复用其他EHT PPDU类型和压缩模式(比如OFDMA类型的数据传输)下Bfee的接收流程，减少实现OFDMA based NDP带来的额外的复杂度。
应理解，在方式2中，上表3-1中的EHT PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段指示为3，可以指示证实状态。换言之，方式2中PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段指示为0以外的其他值时，指示的目的可以根据实际需求进行设计。
可以看出，与方式2相比，方式1可以帮助Bfee更早地识别出PPDU为OFDMA based NDP，而不需要在计算出PPDU的数据字段的符号数为0之后，再确认PPDU为OFDMA based NDP。这样有助于提升Bfee接收OFDMA based NDP的效率，降低Bfee处理时延的要求，降低Bfee的成本。
可选的，本申请实施例提供的用于信道估计的PPDU中的第一字段包括：PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段、第二字段。基于PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段、第二字段，指示PPDU为OFDMA based NDP。其中，第二字段可以位于U-SIG与EHT-SIG中的至少一个中。第二字段可以为证实比特或不理会比特，或者说，参照表2，第二字段的位置可以为如下一项或多项：U-SIG第一个符号的B20-B24，U-SIG第一个符号的B25，U-SIG第二个符号的B2，U-SIG第二个符号的B8，U-SIG第二个符号的B8。
换言之，可以利用PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段、第二字段实现上述第一字段。在具体实现时可以参照如下方式(方式3、方式4)：
方式3，基于PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段指示为1，指示PPDU为EHT sounding NDP；在此基础上，基于第二字段指示为第一值，指示PPDU基于OFDMA传输。
其中，第一值可以是约定的值。参照上表2，如果第二字段为证实比特或不理会比特，那么第一值可以为默认值1以外的值(也即是非缺省值)，比如0。指示PPDU为EHT sounding NDP包括：指示PPDU为基于OFDMA的EHT sounding NDP，或者是基于non-OFDMA的EHT sounding NDP。如果PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段指示PPDU为EHT sounding NDP，且第二字段指示PPDU基于OFDMA传输，那么所述PPDU为OFDMA based NDP。
具体的，参照上表3-2，以第二字段为表2中的U-SIG字段第一个符号的第25比特(下文称为B25比特)，PPDU为PPDU3举例，PPDU3的PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段指示为1，PPDU3的B25比特指示为0。Bfee在接收到PPDU3时，Bfee可以根据PPDU3中指示为1的PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段，确定PPDU3为EHT sounding NDP；以及根据指示为0的B25比特，确定PPDU3基于OFDMA传输。从而结合这两个字段的指示，Bfee可以确定PPDU3为OFDMA based NDP。如此，Bfee可以通过PPDU3进行信道估计，并向Bfer反馈信道状态信息。其中，PPDU3 可以是上行PPDU或下行PPDU，即PPDU3的上行/下行字段可以指示为0或1。
在方式3的具体实施中，当PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段不指示为1时，则表示PPDU不为OFDMA based NDP，从而基于PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段不指示为1，可以确定PPDU不为OFDMA based NDP，不必再判断第二字段指示的值。对于Bfee，Bfee可以在确定PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段指示为1时，进一步判断第二字段指示的值，如果第二字段指示为第一值，则确定PPDU为OFDMA based NDP。Bfee在确定PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段不指示为1时，则可以确定PPDU为non-OFDMA based NDP，不必再判断第二字段指示的值。基于此，方式3也可以表述为：基于PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段指示为1，指示PPDU为EHT sounding NDP；基于第二字段指示为第一值且PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段指示为1，指示PPDU为OFDMA based NDP。
应理解，在方式3中，上表3-2中的EHT PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段指示为3，可以指示证实状态。换言之，方式3中PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段指示为0以外的其他值时，指示的目的可以根据实际需求进行设计。
一些可能的实施例中，参照上表3-1，基于PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段指示为1，可以指示PPDU为EHT sounding NDP或SU传输。
一些可能的实施例中，参照上表3-1，基于PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段指示为1，指示PPDU为SU传输或EHT sounding NDP；基于第二字段指示为第一值且PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段指示为1，指示PPDU为OFDMA based NDP。
一些可能的实施例中，参照上表3-1，基于PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段指示为1，且EHT-SIG MCS指示为0，且EHT-SIG符号数指示为0(表示1个符号)，指示PPDU为non-OFDMA based NDP。或者，基于第二字段指示为第四值且PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段指示为1，且EHT-SIG MCS指示为0，且EHT-SIG符号数指示为0(表示1个符号)，指示PPDU为non-OFDMA based NDP。也即是说，这种方式可以与第二字段有关或者与第二字段无关。第四值可以是非默认值或默认值，即第四值可以是0或1。
一些可能的实施例中，参照上表3-1，基于PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段指示为1，且第二字段指示为第五值，且EHT-SIG MCS和EHT-SIG符号数不同时指示为0，指示PPDU为SU传输。第五值可以是第一值取反的值，也即是说，第五值可以是默认值，即第五值可以是1。
方式4，基于PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段指示为0，指示PPDU基于OFDMA传输；基于第二字段指示为第一值，指示PPDU为EHT sounding NDP。
如果PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段指示PPDU基于OFDMA传输，且第二字段指示PPDU为EHT sounding NDP，那么所述PPDU为OFDMA based NDP。
具体的，参照上表3-2，以第二字段为表2中的U-SIG字段第一个符号的第25比特(下文称为B25比特)，PPDU为PPDU4举例，PPDU4的PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段指示为1，PPDU4的B25比特指示为0。Bfee在接收到PPDU4时，Bfee可以根据PPDU4中指示为1的PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段，确定PPDU4基于OFDMA传输；以及根据指示为0的B25比特，确定PPDU4为EHT sounding NDP。 从而结合这两个字段的指示，Bfee可以确定PPDU4为OFDMA based NDP。如此，Bfee可以通过PPDU4进行信道估计，并向Bfer反馈信道状态信息。其中，PPDU4可以是上行PPDU或下行PPDU，即PPDU4的上行/下行字段可以指示为0或1。
在方式4具体实施时，当PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段不指示为0时，PPDU不为OFDMA based NDP，从而基于PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段不指示为0，可以确定PPDU不为OFDMA based NDP，不必再判断第二字段指示的值。对于Bfee，Bfee可以在确定PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段指示为0时，进一步判断第二字段指示的值，如果第二字段指示为第一值，则确定PPDU为OFDMA based NDP。Bfee在确定PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段不指示为0时，则可以确定PPDU为non-OFDMA based NDP，不必再判断第二字段指示的值。基于此，方式4也可以表述为：基于PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段指示为0，指示PPDU基于OFDMA传输；基于第二字段指示为第一值且PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段指示为0，指示PPDU为OFDMA based NDP。
应理解，在方式4中，上表3-2中的EHT PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段指示为3，可以指示证实状态。换言之，方式4中PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段指示为0以外的其他值时，指示的目的可以根据实际需求进行设计。
在方式3中，接收端可以采用同样的流程处理OFDMA based NDP和non-OFDMA based NDP，从而可以减少实现复杂度。同理，在方式4中，接收端可以采用同样的流程处理OFDMA based NDP和基于OFDMA进行数据传输的PPDU，从而可以减少实现复杂度。
可选的，本申请实施例提供的用于信道估计的PPDU中的第一字段包括第二字段，基于第二字段指示PPDU为OFDMA based NDP。换言之，可以仅利用第二字段实现上述第一字段。在具体实现时可以参照如下方式5：
方式5，基于第二字段指示为第二值，指示PPDU为OFDMA based NDP。其中，第二值与第一值类似，第二值可以是约定的值。参照上表2，如果第二字段为证实比特或不理会比特，那么第二值可以为默认值1以外的值，比如0。
具体的，以第二字段为表2中的U-SIG字段第二个符号的第2比特(下文称为B2比特)，PPDU为PPDU5举例，PPDU5的B2比特指示为0。Bfee在接收到PPDU5时，Bfee可以根据指示为0的B2比特，确定PPDU5为OFDMA based NDP。如此，Bfee可以通过PPDU5进行信道估计，并向Bfer反馈信道状态信息。其中，PPDU5可以是上行PPDU或下行PPDU，即PPDU5的上行/下行字段可以指示为0或1。
可选的，本申请实施例提供的用于信道估计的PPDU中的第一字段包括站点标识(STA ID)子字段，该STA ID子字段用于指示PPDU为OFDMA based NDP。其中，STA ID子字段位于EHT-SIG的用户字段。换言之，可以利用EHT-SIG中的STA ID子字段实现上述第一字段。在具体实现时可以参照如下方式6：
方式6，基于STA ID子字段为第三值，指示PPDU为OFDMA based NDP。其中，第三值可以是约定的值，比如2046，2045等。
以第三值为2046举例，基于STA ID设置为2046，指示PPDU为OFDMA based  NDP。由于EHT空数据分组声明(EHT null data packet announcement，EHT NDPA)帧(frame)中已经存在指示目标站点的字段，通过利用EHT-SIG的用户字段中的STA ID进行指示，可以充分复用EHT-SIG已有的子字段，不浪费其他预留的字段，以及增加额外的开销。
可以看出，方式6是上述方式5中将第二字段替换为STA ID的方式，因此，这种方式的具体实施过程可以参照上述方式5，在此不再赘述。
进一步的，本申请实施例提供的用于信道估计的PPDU中的第一字段包括PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段、STA ID，可以基于PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段、STA ID，指示PPDU为OFDMA based NDP。比如，基于PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段指示为1，指示PPDU为EHT sounding NDP；基于STA ID指示为第三值，指示PPDU基于OFDMA传输。可以看出，这种方式是上述方式3或方式4中将第二字段替换为STA ID的方式，因此，这种方式的具体实施过程可以参照上述方式3或方式4，在此不再赘述。
需要注意的是，上文中的第二字段可以为证实比特或不理会比特，又或者说第二字段可以位于：U-SIG第一个符号的B20-B24，U-SIG第一个符号的B25，U-SIG第二个符号的B2，U-SIG第二个符号的B8，U-SIG第二个符号的B8中的一项或多项。
上文中的第二字段可以为证实比特或不理会比特可以被概括为：第二字段可以利用EHT sounding NDP中未被使用的字段、子字段或比特实现。其中，当未被使用的字段、子字段或比特(比如证实比特或不理会比特)被用于实现该第二字段时，该未被使用的字段、子字段或比特可能会在标准中被改变名称以及描述。比如，当上述表2中的B25证实比特被用于实现第二字段时，在802.11ax之后的标准(例如802.11be)中，该B25证实比特的名称可能会被改为OFDMA based NDP指示字段(子字段)，描述可能会被改为：如果指示为0，则表示PPDU为OFDMA based NDP。
在一些可能的实现方式中，本申请实施例的通信方法中传输的PPDU可以采用本申请实施例提供的第2种用于信道估计的PPDU的结构。
本申请实施例提供的第2种用于信道估计的PPDU，包括极高吞吐率信令字段(EHT-SIG)。请参照图8，图8为本申请实施例提供的用于信道估计的PPDU包括的EHT-SIG的一种可能的结构示意图一，该EHT-SIG可以包括公共字段和用户特定字段。
请结合图8和表4，表4为本申请实施例提供的用于信道估计的PPDU中EHT-SIG包括的公共字段部分的一种可能的结构表。该公共字段部分可以包括如下多个子字段(subfield)：空间复用(spatial reuse)子字段、保护间隔(guard interval，GI)+长训练字段尺寸子字段、EHT-LTF符号数(number of EHT-LTF symbols)子字段、不理会子字段、资源单元指示-1(RU allocation subfield 1)子字段、资源单元指示-2(RU allocation subfield 2)子字段、CRC和尾部比特子字段。其中，U-SIG溢出(overflow)子字段可以包括空间复用、保护间隔+长训练字段尺寸、EHT-LTF符号数、不理会比特等子字段，也即是包括表4所示的EHT-SIG的B0-B16中的子字 段。上述EHT-SIG包括的各个字段/子字段的相关说明可以参照下表4中的描述部分，在此不再赘述。
表4
Figure PCTCN2022086811-appb-000008
需要说明的是，由于本申请实施例提供的用于信道估计的PPDU不存在数据字段，所以EHT-SIG中，可以不包括如下几个子字段：低密度奇偶校验码(low density parity check，LDPC)额外符号分片(extra symbol segment)子字段，前向差错控制 (forward error control，FEC)之前填充系数(Pre-FEC Padding Factor)子字段，数据分组扩展消歧(PE Disambiguity)子字段，因此在上述表4中，EHT-SIG的B9-B16为不理会子字段。
本申请实施例提供的第2种用于信道估计的PPDU中，EHT-SIG可以包括n个用户字段，n个用户字段中可以包括空间流数(number of spatial streams，NSS)子字段、波束成形(beamformed)子字段中的至少一个，n可以为正整数。这样，本申请提供的PPDU和基于OFDMA进行数据传输的PPDU可以采用相同结构的用户字段，接收机解析这两者中的EHT-SIG的流程相同，从而能够降低接收机的实现复杂度。其中，空间流数子字段可以用于指示PPDU的空间流数，波束成形子字段可以用于指示PPDU是否进行波束成形。
具体的，请继续参照图8，用户特定字段部分可以包括一个或多个用户块(user block)，其中，最后一个用户块以外的其他用户块可以包括两个用户字段(user field)，最后一个用户块可能会存在一个或两个用户字段。每个用户块中还可以包括CRC和尾部比特。用户字段中可以包括如下一项或多项子字段：站点标识子字段、预留子字段、空间流数子字段、波束成形子字段。也即是说，EHT-SIG中可以包括n个用户字段，n可以为正整数。
可选的，每个用户字段可以包括空间流数子字段和波束成形子字段。其中，由于整个PPDU需要采用统一的空间流数，因此如果存在多个用户字段，不同用户字段中的空间流数子字段的值相同。
可选的，n个用户字段中仅有第k个用户字段包括空间流数子字段、波束成形子字段中的至少一个，k为正整数且k≤n。这样，本申请提供的用于信道估计的PPDU仅存在第k个用户字段用于携带空间流数子字段、波束成形子字段中的至少一个，可以减少EHT-SIG的开销。进一步的，k＝1，也即是说，可以利用第1个用户字段携带空间流数子字段、波束成形子字段中的至少一个。
可选的，EHT-SIG还可以包括填充(padding)部分，填充部分可以用来填充EHT-SIG的比特数到完整的正交频分复用(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing，OFDM)符号。这样，基于OFDMA进行数据传输的PPDU和本申请提供的用于信道估计的PPDU的用户特定字段可以采用相同的结构，从而使得接收机可以使用同样的流程解析EHT-SIG，降低接收机实现的复杂度。
需要说明的是，由于本申请提供的PPDU不存在数据字段，所以EHT-SIG中的用户字段，可以不需要包括如下几个子字段：编码与调制策略(modulation and coding scheme，MCS)以及编码(coding)子字段，因此这几个子字段对应的比特位可以被替换为预留子字段，如图8所示的用户字段中的4+1+1比特的预留子字段。
在一些可能的实现方式中，本申请实施例的通信方法中传输的PPDU可以采用本申请实施例提供的第3种用于信道估计的PPDU的结构。
本申请实施例提供的第3种用于信道估计的PPDU，包括EHT-SIG。该EHT-SIG可以仅包括公共字段，该公共字段中可以包括空间流数子字段、波束成形子字段中的至少一个。
示例性的，请参照图9，图9为本申请实施例提供的用于信道估计的PPDU包括 的EHT-SIG的一种可能的结构示意图二。EHT-SIG中可以不包括用户字段。空间流数子字段、波束成形子字段中的至少一个可以承载于EHT-SIG溢出中。
具体的，空间流数子字段、波束成形子字段中的至少一个可以承载于EHT-SIG的B9-B16中的部分或者全部比特，比如空间流数子字段承载在EHT-SIG的B9-B11中，波束成形子字段承载在EHT-SIG的B12中。这样，可以利用公共字段携带空间流数子字段、波束成形子字段，从而能够减少EHT-SIG的开销。
在一些可能的实现方式中，本申请实施例的通信方法中传输的PPDU可以采用本申请实施例提供的第4种用于信道估计的PPDU的结构。
本申请实施例提供的第4种用于信道估计的PPDU，包括U-SIG和EHT-SIG。其中，U-SIG包括第一打孔信道指示字段，EHT-SIG包括第二打孔信道指示字段。第一打孔信道指示字段用于指示U-SIG所在80MHz子块带宽内的打孔情况(即是否被打孔，打孔情况也可以称为打孔模式)，第二打孔信道指示字段用于指示整个PPDU带宽内的打孔情况。
可选的，基于第一打孔信道指示字段中的部分或全部比特，指示U-SIG所在80MHz子块带宽内的打孔情况。为了便于描述，第一打孔信道指示字段中，用于指示打孔情况的所有比特可以被称为U-SIG比特位图。作为一种可能的实施方式，第一打孔信道指示字段中U-SIG比特位图的每个比特，用于指示U-SIG所在80MHz子块带宽内对应的某个20MHz的信道是否被打孔。可以理解，对于80MHz子块带宽，U-SIG比特位图最少可以包括4个比特。
示例性的，以第一打孔信道指示字段为上述表2所示U-SIG中的打孔信道指示字段(位于U-SIG第二个符号的B3-B7)举例。为了便于区分，可以将表2中的U-SIG的打孔信道指示字段称为B3-B7打孔信道指示字段。其中，可以将B3-B7打孔信道指示字段中的4比特(比如U-SIG第二个符号的B3-B6)，作为第一打孔信道指示字段的U-SIG比特位图，也即是说，可以利用B3-B7打孔信道指示字段中的4比特指示U-SIG所在80MHz子块带宽内的打孔情况，具体实施方式可以如下：
B3-B7比特位图的二进制取值与U-SIG所在80MHz子块带宽内的打孔模式一一对应(下文中简称为U-SIG比特位图指示打孔情况方式)。具体的，B3-B7比特位图中比特为1表示对应的子信道未被打孔，比特为0表示对应的子信道被打孔，并且B3-B7比特位图中的多个比特按先后顺序分别对应频率从低到高的多个子信道。例如，U-SIG所在80MHz子块带宽中包括4个20MHz子信道，按照绝对频率从低到高分别为第1子信道、第2子信道、第3子信道、第4子信道。如果B3-B7比特位图为0111(二进制值)，那么表示：第1子信道被打孔，第2子信道-第4子信道未被打孔。当然，本申请中，也可以是比特为1表示对应的子信道被打孔，比特为0表示对应的子信道未被打孔，本申请对此不作限定。
其中，该B3-B7比特位图的二进制取值可以包括1111，0111，1011，1101，1110，0011，1100，1001。并且，当PPDU的带宽为20MHz和40MHz时，该U-SIG比特位图固定为1111，表示PPDU带宽为20MHz和40MHz时，PPDU不存在被打孔的子信道。
上述的第二打孔信道指示字段中可以包括m个用于指示信道打孔情况的指示信 息，每个指示信息可以用于指示PPDU带宽内对应的一个子信道的打孔情况，m为正整数。其中，1个指示信息可以是1个比特，或者是由多个比特组成的子字段，本申请对此不做限定。
为了使得第二打孔信道指示字段可以指示整个PPDU带宽内的打孔情况，m需要满足如下条件：m≥PPDU带宽内的子信道的个数。这样，第二打孔信道指示字段可以指示出PPDU带宽内的每个子信道是否被打孔，也即是说，第二打孔信道指示字段能够指示出所有可能的PPDU的打孔模式，从而使得打孔模式的指示更加灵活。
作为一种可能的实施方式，m是可变值，也即m为变长。m的值可以由PPDU带宽大小确定。示例性的，如果每个指示信息用于指示PPDU带宽内对应的一个20MHz子信道的打孔情况，那么当PPDU带宽为40MHz时，m＝2；当PPDU带宽为80MHz时，m＝4；当PPDU带宽为160MHz时，m＝8；当PPDU带宽为320MHz时，m＝16。具体实施可以参照下文的方式7、方式8或方式9，在此不予赘述。
需要说明的是，由于PPDU带宽为20MHz或40MHz时，不存在被打孔的信道，因此，当PPDU带宽为20MHz，m＝1时，用于指示信道打孔情况的指示信息指示不存在被打孔的信道。当PPDU带宽为40MHz，m＝2时，用于指示信道打孔情况的指示信息指示不存在被打孔的信道。可以理解，在其他实施例中，当PPDU带宽为20MHz或40MHz时，m可以为0。作为另一种可能的实施方式，m是固定值，也即m为定长。比如，m＝8或者m＝16。当m＝8时，对于320MHz的带宽，1个指示信息可以指示1个40MHz的子信道的打孔情况；当m＝16时，对于320MHz的带宽，1个指示信息可以指示1个20MHz的子信道的打孔情况。其中，当PPDU带宽为80MHz时，可以采用m个用于指示信道打孔情况的指示信息的前4个指示信息指示打孔情况。当PPDU带宽为160MHz时，可以采用m个用于指示信道打孔情况的指示信息的前8个指示信息指示打孔情况。具体实施可以参照下文的方式8或方式9，在此不予赘述。
本申请实施例中，第二打孔信道指示字段的实现方式可以包括如下方式7-方式9：
方式7，第二打孔信道指示字段可以包括至少一个资源单元指示子字段，资源单元指示子字段用于指示PPDU带宽内的一个子信道的打孔情况。
作为一种示例，第二打孔信道指示字段可以包括：上述表4所示EHT-SIG中的资源单元指示-1(位于EHT-SIG的B17–B16+9N)，资源单元指示-2(位于EHT-SIG的B27+9N–B26+9N+9M)。
其中，如果PPDU带宽为20MHz或40MHz(即表4中的N＝1，M＝0)，那么某一个内容信道中的第二打孔信道指示字段包括1个资源单元指示-1。如果PPDU带宽为80MHz(即表4中的N＝2，M＝0)，那么某一个内容信道中的第二打孔信道指示字段包括2个资源单元指示-1。如果PPDU带宽为160MHz(即表4中的N＝2，M＝2)，那么某一个内容信道中的第二打孔信道指示字段包括2个资源单元指示-1和2个资源单元指示-2。如果PPDU带宽为320MHz-1或320MHz-2(即表4中的N＝2，M＝6)，那么某一个内容信道中的第二打孔信道指示字段包括2个资源单元指示-1和6个资源单元指示-2。
资源单元指示-1和资源单元指示-2均可以用于指示PPDU带宽内的某个20MHz子信道的打孔情况，比如，在上述表4中，资源单元指示-1子字段或资源单元指示-2子字段指示为26(二进制为“000011010”)时，表示某个20MHz子信道的前导码被打孔。需要指出的是，这里的资源单元指示-1子字段或资源单元指示-2子字段指示为26表示信道被打孔仅是一种示例，也可以利用其它值来指示信道被打孔，本申请对此不作限定。
具体的，一个PPDU带宽中包括的多个信道可以被分为两种，一种是内容信道1(content channel 1)，另一种是内容信道2(content channel 2)。其中，内容信道1包括的所有信道中的EHT-SIG的第二打孔信道指示字段相同，且这些第二打孔信道指示字段用于指示内容信道1包括的所有信道的打孔情况；类似的，内容信道2包括的所有信道中的EHT-SIG的第二打孔信道指示字段相同，且这些第二打孔信道指示字段用于指示内容信道1包括的所有信道的打孔情况。换言之，一个PPDU带宽中包括两种第二打孔信道指示字段，第一种第二打孔信道指示字段可以用于指示内容信道1包括的所有信道的打孔情况，第二种第二打孔信道指示字段用于指示内容信道2包括的所有信道的打孔情况。下面以PPDU带宽为320MHz为例进行具体说明：
请参照图10，图10为本申请实施例提供的利用EHT-SIG指示320MHz的PPDU的打孔情况示意图。图10中，320MHz的PPDU包括16个20MHz子信道，分别为信道1-信道16。信道1、信道3、…、信道15为内容信道1；信道2、信道4、…、信道16为内容信道2。其中，内容信道1包括的所有信道中的第二打孔信道指示字段均指示：内容信道1中的信道3、信道15被打孔。例如，信道1中的第二打孔信道指示字段包括2个资源单元指示-1和6个资源单元指示-2，可以用于指示内容信道1中的8个信道的打孔情况。内容信道2包括的所有信道中的第二打孔信道指示字段均指示：内容信道2中的信道14被打孔。例如，信道2中的第二打孔信道指示字段包括2个资源单元指示-1和6个资源单元指示-2，可以用于指示内容信道2中的8个信道的打孔情况。
这样，利用EHT-SIG中的资源单元指示-1和资源单元指示-2可以指示出PPDU的所有可能的打孔模式，从而使得打孔模式的指示更加灵活。并且，这样对EHT-SIG的公共字段的改动小，能够降低实现的复杂度。
可以理解，方式7中的1个资源单元指示子字段即为1个用于指示打孔情况的指示信息。并且可以理解，方式7中第二打孔信道指示字段的指示信息个数m为变长，m的大小由PPDU带宽大小确定。
方式8，上述的第二打孔信道指示字段可以包括比特位图子字段，该比特位图子字段用于指示整个PPDU带宽内的打孔情况。
作为一种可能的实施方式，比特位图子字段中比特的个数m为变长，m的大小由PPDU带宽大小确定。并且，比特位图子字段中的每个比特可以用于指示对应的某个信道的打孔情况，具体的，比特位图子字段的二进制取值与PPDU带宽内的打孔模式一一对应，该对应方式与上文U-SIG比特位图指示打孔情况方式类似，相关说明可以参照上文U-SIG比特位图指示打孔情况方式，在此不再赘述。
作为另一种可能的实施方式，该比特位图子字段中比特的个数为m，m为定长， 且比特位图子字段中的每个比特可以用于指示对应的某个信道的打孔情况。下面给出几个示例进行具体说明：
示例1，比特位图子字段的长度为16比特(即m＝16)，该比特位图子字段位于EHT-SIG的B17-B31(如图11中的A所示)。其中，比特位图子字段中的每个比特可以用于指示对应的某个20MHz子信道的打孔情况，具体的，该比特位图子字段的二进制取值与PPDU带宽内的打孔模式一一对应，该对应方式与上文U-SIG比特位图指示打孔情况方式类似，相关说明可以参照上文U-SIG比特位图指示打孔情况方式，在此不再赘述。
其中，当PPDU带宽为80MHz时，可以采用示例1中的16比特的比特位图子字段的前4比特指示打孔情况。当PPDU带宽为160MHz时，可以采用示例1中的16比特的比特位图子字段的前8比特指示打孔情况。
在其他可能的实施例中，比特位图子字段用于指示整个PPDU带宽内的打孔情况的具体实施方式，也可以采用映射表的形式实现。具体来说，可以建立比特位图子字段的十进制取值与整个PPDU带宽内的打孔模式的一一对应关系(如表5所示)，利用该对应关系确定比特位图子字段所指示的打孔模式。例如，参照表5，当比特位图子字段的值(十进制)为0时，指示整个PPDU带宽内的打孔模式为[0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1]，即第一个子信道被打孔，其余子信道未被打孔。
表5
Figure PCTCN2022086811-appb-000009
需要说明的是，表5只是一种映射表的示例，并未完全举例所有可能的打孔模式与对应的比特位图子字段的值(十进制)的对应关系。
示例2，该比特位图子字段的长度为16比特(即m＝16)，位于EHT-SIG的B17-B32(如图11中的A所示)。其中，该16比特的比特位图子字段可以被分为4个4比特长度的字段指示(以下简称为4比特字段)，每个4比特字段可以指示1个80MHz频率子块内的打孔情况。
其中，4比特字段的二进制取值可以与80MHz频率子块内的打孔模式一一对应，该对应方式与上文U-SIG比特位图指示打孔情况方式类似，相关说明可以参照上文U-SIG比特位图指示打孔情况方式，在此不再赘述。
本申请实施例中，4比特字段共有16种可以用于指示的二进制取值，分别为：0000、0001、0010、0011、0100、0101、0110、0111、1000、1001、1010、1011、1100、1101、1110、1111。其中，如下9种可以用于对80MHz频率子块内的打孔模式进行指示：1111、0111、1011、1101、1110、0011、1100、1001、0000。另外7种 模式可以预留，且预留的顺序不作限定。应理解，当PPDU带宽为80MHz时，可以采用示例2中的16比特的比特位图子字段的前4比特指示打孔情况。当PPDU带宽为160MHz时，可以采用示例2中的16比特的比特位图子字段的前8比特指示打孔情况。
值得注意的是，在其他可能的实施例中，4比特字段指示1个80MHz频率子块内的打孔模式，也可以采用映射表的形式利用，具体实施方式可以参照上述表5的相关说明，在此不再赘述。
示例3，该比特位图子字段的长度为12比特(即m＝12)，位于EHT-SIG的B17-B28(如图11中的A所示)。其中，该12比特的比特位图子字段可以被分为4个3比特长度的字段指示(以下简称为3比特字段)，每个3比特字段可以指示1个80MHz频率子块内的打孔情况。
本申请实施例中，3比特字段共有8种可以用于指示的二进制取值，可以对如下8种80MHz频率子块内的打孔模式进行指示：1111、0111、1011、1101、1110、0011、1100、1001。具体来说，3比特字段指示80MHz频率子块内的打孔模式，可以采用映射表的形式利用，具体实施方式可以参照上述表5的相关说明，在此不再赘述。
其中，当80MHz频率子块内的4个20MHz子信道全被打孔(即打孔模式为0000)时，3比特字段无法进行指示，此时3比特字段可以指示成其他8种的某一种值，然后通过EHT NDPA中的第三字段来指示该80MHz频率子块全被打孔，以解决3比特字段无法指示0000的问题。这里的“EHT NDPA中的第三字段”的相关说明可以参照下文，在此不予赘述。应理解，当PPDU带宽为80MHz时，可以采用示例3中的12比特的比特位图子字段的前3比特指示打孔情况。当PPDU带宽为160MHz时，可以采用示例3中的12比特的比特位图子字段的前6比特指示打孔情况。
示例4，比特位图子字段的长度为8比特(即m＝8)，该比特位图子字段可以位于EHT-SIG的B17-B24(如图11中的A所示)。比特位图子字段中的每个比特可以用于指示对应的某个20MHz或40MHz子信道的打孔情况。其中，当PPDU带宽小于或等于160MHz时，比特位图子字段中的每个比特用于指示对应的某个20MHz子信道的打孔情况，具体的，该比特位图子字段的二进制取值与PPDU带宽内的打孔模式一一对应，该对应方式与上文U-SIG比特位图指示打孔情况方式类似，相关说明可以参照上文U-SIG比特位图指示打孔情况方式，在此不再赘述。当PPDU带宽大于160MHz时，比特位图子字段中的每个比特用于指示对应的某个40MHz子信道的打孔情况，比如PPDU带宽为320MHz时，如果比特位图子字段为01111111，那么可以指示320MHz的PPDU带宽中按绝对频率从低到高的16个20MHz子信道中：第1个子信道、第2个子信道被打孔，第3个子信道-第16个子信道未被打孔。应理解，当PPDU带宽为80MHz时，可以采用示例4中的8比特的比特位图子字段的前2比特指示打孔情况。当PPDU带宽为160MHz时，可以采用示例4中的8比特的比特位图子字段的前4比特指示打孔情况。
可以理解，方式8中的比特位图子字段中的1个比特或者比特位图子字段的一种取值，即为1个用于指示打孔情况的指示信息。
在上述方式8中，利用上述的比特位图子字段可以指示出所有可能的PPDU的打孔模式，从而使得打孔模式的指示更加灵活。另外，方式7中的第二打孔信道指示字段大小为9*M+9*N个比特，方式8中的第二打孔信道指示字段大小为8、12或16比特，相较于方式7，方式8可以进一步节省EHT-SIG的开销。
方式9，上述的第二打孔信道指示字段可以包括比特位图子字段，该比特位图子字段用于指示整个PPDU带宽内的不允许传输的信道的情况。
其中，该比特位图子字段中的每个比特可以用于指示对应的某个信道的是否允许传输。例如，对于比特位图子字段中的某个比特，该比特为0表示某个20MHz子信道不允许传输，该比特为则1表示某个20MHz子信道允许传输。当然，也可以是比特为0表示某个20MHz子信道允许传输，比特为则1表示某个20MHz子信道不允许传输，本申请对此不作限定。
可以理解，将方式8中的打孔情况替换为不允许传输的信道的情况，即可得到方式9，故方式9的实施方式及相应的效果可以参照方式8，在此不再赘述。
可选的，在上述4种PPDU的任意一种PPDU中，EHT-SIG的用户特定字段中用户字段的个数可以仅为1个，该用户字段可以用于承载空间流数子字段和波束成形子字段。
其中，该用户字段可以作为一个用户块进行校验和编码。或者，该用户字段可以与U-SIG溢出子字段、上述的第二打孔信道指示字段统一进行校验和编码。
请参照图11，以第二打孔信道指示字段为比特位图子字段举例，EHT-SIG的用户特定字段中可以包括该用户字段，以及根据该用户字段确定的CRC和尾部比特(参照图11中的A)。或者，EHT-SIG的用户特定字段中包括U-SIG溢出子字段、比特位图子字段、用户字段，以及根据U-SIG溢出子字段、比特位图子字段、用户字段确定的CRC和尾部比特(参照图11中的B)。
可选的，在上述4种PPDU的任意一种PPDU中，EHT-SIG可以不包括用户特定字段，空间流数子字段和波束成形子字段可以承载于EHT-SIG的公共字段部分。
请参照图11中的C，以第二打孔信道指示字段为比特位图子字段举例，空间流数子字段和波束成形子字段可以承载于EHT-SIG的U-SIG溢出子字段中，B9-B16中的部分或者全部比特，比如空间流数子字段承载在EHT-SIG的B9-B11中，波束成形子字段承载在EHT-SIG的B12中。这样，可以利用公共字段携带空间流数子字段、波束成形子字段，从而能够减少EHT-SIG的开销。
可选的，上述4种PPDU中的任意一种PPDU中，PPDU的EHT-SIG的编码与调制策略字段，可以用于指示EHT-SIG采用EHT MCS0，即EHT-SIG采用的调制方式为二进制相移键控(binary phase shift keying，BPSK)，采用的调制码率为1/2码率调制，这样可以增加EHT-SIG传输的可靠性。
可选的，上述表2中的EHT-SIG符号数字段用于指示EHT-SIG的符号数。当EHT-SIG MCS字段指示为0时，表示EHT-SIG的符号数可以大于1个。这样，EHT-SIG符号数字段指示的EHT-SIG的符号数是可变的，能够指示更多符号数的EHT-SIG。
可选的，上述4种PPDU中的任意一种PPDU中，PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段 指示为1，表示PPDU为单用户传输或OFDMA based NDP(参照表3)。从而在上述方式3中，以第二字段为证实比特或不理会比特举例，当第二字段指示为缺省值时，则基于EHT-SIG MCS指示为0且EHT-SIG的符号数为1，表示PPDU为non-OFDMA based NDP，其他情况则表示PPDU为SU传输。当第二字段指示为非缺省值时，表示PPDU为OFDMA based NDP。
可选的，上述4种PPDU中的任意一种PPDU中，参照上表3-1，基于PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段指示为1，可以指示PPDU为EHT sounding NDP或SU传输。
可选的，上述4种PPDU中的任意一种PPDU中，参照上表3-1，基于PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段指示为1，指示PPDU为SU传输或EHT sounding NDP；基于第二字段指示为第一值且PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段指示为1，指示PPDU为OFDMA based NDP。
可选的，上述4种PPDU中的任意一种PPDU中，参照上表3-1，基于PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段指示为1，且EHT-SIG MCS指示为0，且EHT-SIG符号数指示为0(表示1个符号)，指示PPDU为non-OFDMA based NDP。或者，基于第二字段指示为第四值且PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段指示为1，且EHT-SIG MCS指示为0，且EHT-SIG符号数指示为0(表示1个符号)，指示PPDU为non-OFDMA based NDP。也即是说，这种方式可以与第二字段有关或者与第二字段无关。第四值可以是非默认值或默认值，也即是说，第四值可以是0或1。
可选的，上述4种PPDU中的任意一种PPDU中，参照上表3-1，基于PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段指示为1，且第二字段指示为第五值，且EHT-SIG MCS和EHT-SIG符号数不同时指示为0，指示PPDU为SU传输。第五值是第一值取反的值，也即是说，第五值可以是默认值，即可以是1。
可选的，上述4种PPDU中的任意一种PPDU中，PPDU的上行/下行字段可以仅指示下行(比如指示为0)。当前标准(比如802.11be)仅支持基于DL OFDMA的传输，PPDU中的上行/下行字段仅指示下行，可以不增加STA基于OFDMA传输EHT MU PPDU的复杂度。当然，PPDU中的上行/下行字段也可以指示0或1，即支持下行和上行。上行/下行字段指示1代表PPDU是发给AP的，上行/下行字段指示0代表其他情况。
可选的，本申请实施例中的第一打孔信道指示字段也可以用于指示整个PPDU带宽内的打孔情况。具体的，该第一打孔信道指示字段可以利用U-SIG的5比特的打孔指示字段实现(位于U-SIG第二个符号的B3-B7，可以参照上表2)，具体实施方式可以参照相关技术中基于non-OFDMA传输的打孔模式。其中，相关技术中基于non-OFDMA传输的打孔模式存在的问题是：指示的打孔模式不多，有些打孔模式无法指示。比如，当PPDU带宽为160MHz时，5比特的打孔指示字段指示仅指示了13种打孔模式，有许多打孔模式都无法指示，比如无法指示11111001的打孔模式。
为了解决这一问题，在本申请实施例中，可以利用第一打孔信道指示字段指示：整个PPDU带宽内的打孔情况由EHT-SIG中的第二打孔信道指示字段确定。并且，利用第二打孔信道指示字段指示整个PPDU带宽内的打孔情况。可以理解，该方式可以适用于non-OFDMA传输或OFDMA传输，本申请对此不作限定。
示例性的，表6示出了本申请实施例提供的用于信道估计的PPDU的一种打孔模式。可以看出，对于相关技术中基于non-OFDMA传输所无法指示的打孔模式(表6中表示为特定打孔模式)，在表6中可以将U-SIG中5比特的打孔指示字段(也即是第一打孔信道指示字段)设置为31，以指示整个PPDU带宽内的打孔情况由第二打孔信道指示字段确定。比如，当PPDU带宽为160MHz，且该PPDU的打孔模式为[11111xx1](或11111001)时，可以将第一打孔信道指示字段指示为31，以利用该第一打孔信道指示字段指示：整个PPDU带宽内的打孔情况由第二打孔信道指示字段确定。并且，利用EHT-SIG中的第二打孔信道指示字段指示该打孔模式([11111xx1])，这里利用EHT-SIG中的第二打孔信道指示字段指示打孔模式的方式可以参照上文方式7-方式9。
这样，当利用第一打孔信道指示字段指示整个PPDU带宽内的打孔情况时，对于第一打孔信道指示字段无法指示的打孔模式，可以利用第一打孔信道指示字段指示：整个PPDU带宽内的打孔情况由第二打孔信道指示字段确定，并利用第二打孔信道指示字段指示出PPDU带宽内的每个子信道是否被打孔，从而增加打孔模式的灵活性。
需要指出的是，表6中，将第一打孔信道指示字段指示为31只是一种示例，也可以利用其它值来指示，本申请对此不作限定。
表6
Figure PCTCN2022086811-appb-000010
Figure PCTCN2022086811-appb-000011
Figure PCTCN2022086811-appb-000012
需要指出的是，为了便于理解，本文中利用一串包括1和/或0的数据段来表示连续的多个信道的打孔模式(如表6中的[1 1 1 1 1 x x x])。数据段中的1表示1个未被打孔的信道，0表述1个被打孔的信道。其中，该数据段中的多个数据(1或0)从左到右分别对应按频率从低到高的多个信道，且数据段中多个数据的个数与多个连续的信道的数量一致。例如，0 1 1 1或[0 1 1 1]，可以表示按频率从低到高的4个连续的信道中，第1个信道被打孔，第2个信道至第4个信道未被打孔。另外，该数据段中的0也可以用x表示，本申请对此不作限定。
可选的，本申请实施例提供的4种用于信道估计的PPDU中的任意一种PPDU，还可以包括：L-STF、L-LTF、L-SIG、RL-SIG、EHT-STF、EHT-LTF和PE。这些字段的说明可以参照上述图5的相关描述，在此不再赘述。
应理解，本申请实施例并不限定上述表2、表4等中各个字段或子字段的顺序以及所占的比特，在其他实施例中，也可以根据实际情况进行调整。
需要注意的是，本申请实施例提供的几种用于信道估计的PPDU中的相关字段在信令中的比特位置是根据802.11ax之后的802.11be标准确定的，例如，PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段在U-SIG中的比特位置位于U-SIG第二个符号的第0比特-第1比特(B0-B1)。应理解，随着标准的发展，本申请实施例提供的几种用于信道估计的PPDU中的相关字段在信令中的比特位置可能会随之变化，本申请实施例并不限定各种字段在信令中的比特位置，在其他实施例(比如802.11be及802.11be以后的标准)中，也可以这些字段对位置作相应调整。
基于上文中的相关技术，本申请提供一些用于802.11ax之后标准的EHT NDPA帧的结构。这样，在使用802.11ax之后的标准(例如802.11be)进行无线通信的场景下，Bfee(比如STA)在基于OFDMA传输时，能够根据本申请提供的EHT NDPA帧进行信道估计以反馈信道状态信息。
下面结合本申请实施例提供的通信方法，阐述本申请的技术方案提供的EHT NDPA帧的结构。
请参照图12，图12为本申请实施例的通信方法的流程示意图二。该方法可包括以下步骤：
S1201，Bfer生成EHT NDPA帧。
该EHT NDPA帧可以为用于802.11ax之后的标准(例如802.11be)中的NDPA 帧。该EHT NDPA帧包括指示整个EHT sounding NDP带宽内的打孔情况的第三字段。并且，该EHT sounding NDP包括指示整个EHT sounding NDP带宽内的打孔情况由第三字段确定的字段。为了便于描述，本文中将“指示整个EHT sounding NDP带宽内的打孔情况由第三字段确定的字段”称为“第四字段”。
在一些可能的实施例中，本申请实施例提供的EHT NDPA帧的一种结构如图13所示，该EHT NDPA帧还可以包括如下字段：帧控制(frame control)、时长(duration)、接收地址(receiver address，RA)、发送地址(transmitter address，TA)、站点信息(STA Info)、帧校验序列(frame check sequence，FCS)。其中，STA Info字段用于指示STA进行信道探测所需要的相关指示信息，STA Info可以包括N个，比如分别为STA Info1、STA Info2、…、STA Info N。
在一些可能的实施例中，第三字段可以包括至少一个第一信息，第一信息用于指示Bfee(如STA)反馈EHT sounding NDP带宽内的一个子信道的信道状态信息，或者，第一信息用于指示EHT sounding NDP带宽内的一个子信道未被打孔。
进一步的，第三字段还可以包括至少一个第二信息，第二信息用于指示EHT sounding NDP带宽内的一个子信道被打孔。
具体的，第三字段中可以包括多个比特，可以利用1个比特表示1个第一信息或1个第二信息。比如，比特的值为1表示第一信息，比特的值为0表示第二信息。当然，也可以是比特的值为0表示第一信息，比特的值为1表示第二信息，本申请对此不作限定。
换句话说，第三字段中的1个比特可以指示EHT sounding NDP带宽内的一个子信道是否被打孔，或者可以指示EHT sounding NDP带宽内的一个子信道是否需要被Bfee测量。例如，该第三字段可以包括16个比特，该16比特的值为11x1111111111xx1，指示320MHz带宽的打孔模式为[11x1111111111xx1]，其中1表示信道未被打孔，x表示信道被打孔，也即是指示在320MHz带宽中：信道3、信道14、信道15被打孔，信道1、信道2、信道4-信道13、信道16未被打孔(可以参照图10)。
第三字段可以利用本申请提供的EHT NDPA帧中的一个或多个字段/子字段实现，或者，第三字段可以利用本申请提供的EHT NDPA帧中的一个或多个比特实现，本申请对此不做限定。例如，第三字段可以位于站点信息中，可以利用站点信息中的部分比特(或部分字段)实现(具体实施方式可以参照下文中的说明)。当然，第三字段也可以位于本申请提供的EHT NDPA帧的其他字段中，比如，在本申请提供的EHT NDPA帧的STA Info与帧校验序列之间设置一个用于实现第三字段的字段，本申请对于第三字段的具体实现方式不作限定。
该EHT sounding NDP的结构也可以采用上述图7所示通信方法中提供的几种PPDU的结构。
第四字段可以利用EHT sounding NDP中的一个或多个字段/子字段实现，或者，第四字段可以利用EHT sounding NDP中的一个或多个比特实现，本申请对此不做限定。可选的，第四字段可以利用EHT sounding NDP中未被使用的字段、子字段或比特实现。这样，可以减少对NDP的改动，降低实现的复杂度。
例如，可以利用U-SIG和/或EHT-SIG中的证实比特或不理会比特实现该第四字段。具体的，当上述表2中位于U-SIG第二个符号的B2的证实比特(下文称为B2证实比特)被用于实现第四字段时，可以设置该B2证实比特为0时，指示整个EHT sounding NDP带宽内的打孔情况由第三字段确定。应理解，当未被使用的字段、子字段或比特(比如证实比特或不理会比特)被用于实现该第四字段时，该未被使用的字段、子字段或比特可能会在标准中被改变名称以及描述。比如，当上述表2中的B2证实比特被用于实现第四字段时，在802.11ax之后的标准(例如802.11be)中，该B2证实比特的名称可能会被改为打孔指示由EHT NDPA帧确定字段(子字段)，描述可能会被改为：如果指示为0，则表示整个EHT sounding NDP带宽内的打孔情况由EHT NDPA帧确定。
又例如，可以利用U-SIG中的打孔信道指示字段实现该第四字段，该实现方式可以参照下文中的相关说明，在此不予赘述。
应理解，本申请提供的EHT NDPA帧的名称是根据802.11ax之后的标准确定的。该EHT NDPA帧的名称可以替换为802.11ax之后的标准中相应的名称，本申请对此不作限定。
本申请实施例提供的EHT NDPA帧中包括的多种字段/子字段的名称是根据802.11ax之后的802.11be标准确定的，例如帧控制、时长、接收地址、发送地址、站点信息、帧校验序列等。本申请实施例中，对于EHT NDPA帧中包括的多种字段/子字段，本申请实施例并不限定这些字段/子字段的命名，在其他实施例中，也可以替换为其他名称。比如，这些字段/子字段的命名的名称，也可以替换为与802.11ax之后的标准中功能/描述相对应的字段的名称。
应理解，本申请实施例提供的EHT NDPA帧可以用于Bfee在基于OFDMA传输或基于non-OFDMA传输时进行信道探测，本申请对此不作限定。
S1202，Bfer向Bfee发送EHT NDPA帧。
相应的，Bfee接收来自AP的EHT NDPA帧。
S1203，Bfee解析EHT NDPA帧。
其中，Bfee可以基于本申请提供的EHT NDPA帧获取EHT sounding NDP的打孔情况，然后根据获取的打孔情况和EHT sounding NDP进行信道估计，以获取信道状态信息。可选的，在获得信道状态信息之后，图12所示的通信方法还可以包括：Bfee向Bfer发送包含有信道状态信息的波束成形报告。
如此，在利用802.11ax之后的标准(例如802.11be)进行无线通信的场景下，在基于OFDMA传输时，Bfee可以根据EHT sounding NDP中第四字段的指示，从EHT NDPA帧获取第三字段，并根据第三字段的指示确定出整个EHT sounding NDP带宽内的打孔情况，然后可以根据该打孔情况和EHT sounding NDP进行信道估计，并向Bfer反馈信道状态信息，以实现针对OFDMA传输的波束成型、资源调度等功能，进而提升信道质量和吞吐量。
本申请实施例中，Bfer可以为AP也可以为STA。Bfee可以为STA也可以为AP。
本申请实施例中，S1301，Bfer生成EHT NDPA帧之后，图12所示的通信方法 还可以包括：Bfer生成EHT sounding NDP，并向Bfee发送EHT sounding NDP。相应的，Bfee接收来自Bfer的EHT sounding NDP。这个过程可以参照上文相关技术中关于EHT信道探测流程的说明，在此不再赘述。
本申请实施例中，利用站点信息中的部分比特实现第三字段的实施方式如下(至少包括方式10和方式11)：
方式10，第三字段可以为第一站点信息中的部分带宽信息子字段。或者说，可以利用第一站点信息中的部分带宽信息子字段实现第三字段。
方式11，第三字段可以为第二站点信息中的不允许传输子信道比特位图。或者说，可以利用第二站点信息中的不允许传输子信道比特位图实现第三字段。
其中，第一站点信息和第二站点信息是站点信息的两种类型。即，本申请提供的EHT NDPA帧包括的两种站点信息，分别为第一站点信息和第二站点信息。
示例性的，本申请实施例中的第一站点信息可以包括如下子字段：关联标识11(association identifier 11，AID11)、部分带宽信息(partial bw info)、预留、列数(number of columns，Nc)索引、反馈类型(feedback type)和分组(number of grouping，Ng)、消歧、码本尺寸。以上第一站点信息中的各个子字段的描述可以参照下表7中的描述。
表7
Figure PCTCN2022086811-appb-000013
示例性的，本申请实施例中的第二站点信息可以包括如下子字段：AID11、不允许传输子信道比特位图、预留、消歧。不允许传输子信道比特位图用于指示带宽中不允许传输的子信道。
本申请实施例中，可以根据AID11指示的值区分第一站点信息和第二站点信息。具体的，如果一个站点信息中的AID11指示的值为标准中预留的值(如2047或者2046或者2045等)，那么该站点信息为第二站点信息。对应的，如果一个站点信息中的AID11指示的值不为标准中预留的值，那么该站点信息为第一站点信息。
当利用第一站点信息中的部分带宽信息子字段实现第三字段时，该部分带宽信息子字段可以用于指示整个EHT sounding NDP带宽内的打孔情况。如此，与第一站点信息关联的站点，可以根据该第一站点信息中的部分带宽信息子字段，确定整个EHT sounding NDP带宽内的打孔情况，进而可以根据该打孔情况反馈信道状态信息，实现信道探测。
具体的，该部分带宽信息子字段可以包括分辨率子字段和反馈比特位图。该反馈比特位图中的每个比特可以用于指示：EHT sounding NDP带宽内对应的某个信道的打孔情况，或者，该反馈比特位图中的每个比特可以用于指示：EHT sounding NDP带宽内对应的某个信道是否允许传输，或者，该反馈比特位图中的每个比特可以用于指示：EHT sounding NDP带宽内对应的某个信道的信道状态信息是否需要被反馈。该分辨率子字段用于指示反馈比特位图中所有比特各自对应的信道大小，该分辨率子字段的值可以由EHT sounding NDP带宽大小确定。
示例性的，如图14所示，该EHT NDPA帧中的站点信息1为第一站点信息，站点信息1中包括9比特的部分带宽信息子字段。该部分带宽信息子字段中包括1比特的分辨率子字段和8比特的反馈比特位图。当EHT sounding NDP带宽大小为20MHz、40MHz、80MHz或160MHz时，分辨率子字段指示为0，表示反馈比特位图中所有比特各自对应的信道大小为20MHz；当EHT sounding NDP带宽大小为320MHz时，分辨率子字段指示为1，表示反馈比特位图中所有比特各自对应的信道大小为40MH。
例如，当分辨率子字段指示为1，且反馈比特位图中所有比特指示为01111111时，表示320MHz的EHT sounding NDP带宽的打孔模式为[0011111111111111]，也即是在320MHz的EHT sounding NDP带宽中：第1个40MHz信道被打孔，第2个40MHz信道-第8个40MHz信道未被打孔。
又例如，当分辨率子字段指示为0，且反馈比特位图中所有比特指示为01111111时，表示160MHz的EHT sounding NDP带宽的打孔模式为[01111111]，也即是在160MHz的EHT sounding NDP带宽中：第1个20MHz信道被打孔，第2个20MHz信道-第8个20MHz信道未被打孔。
当利用第二站点信息中的不允许传输子信道比特位图实现第三字段时，该不允许传输子信道比特位图可以用于指示整个EHT sounding NDP带宽内的打孔情况。如此，Bfee可以根据该第二站点信息中的不允许传输子信道比特位图，确定整个EHT sounding NDP带宽内的打孔情况，进而可以根据该打孔情况反馈信道状态信息，实现信道探测。
具体的，该不允许传输子信道比特位图中的每个比特可以用于指示：EHT sounding NDP带宽内对应的某个信道的打孔情况，或者，该不允许传输子信道比特位图中的每个比特可以用于指示：EHT sounding NDP带宽内对应的某个信道是否允许传输，或者，该反馈比特位图中的每个比特可以用于指示：EHT sounding NDP带宽内对应的某个信道的信道状态信息是否需要被反馈。
可选的，该不允许传输子信道比特位图的大小为16比特(B0-B15)。其中，该不允许传输子信道比特位图的前8比特(B0-B7)可以用于指示：EHT sounding NDP带宽的主160MHz信道中对应的某个信道的打孔情况，该不允许传输子信道比特位图的后8比特(B8-B15)可以用于指示：EHT sounding NDP带宽的从160MHz信道中对应的某个信道的打孔情况。这样，可以使得不允许传输子信道比特位图的前8比特指示主160MHz信道，对于HE NDPA帧和EHT NDPA帧来说，如此可以使得不允许传输子信道比特位图的前8比特的指示一致，Bfee解析这两者的流程可以相同， 从而能够降低接收机实现的复杂度。
示例性的，如图15所示，该EHT NDPA帧中的站点信息1为第二站点信息，站点信息1中包括16比特的不允许传输子信道比特位图。当该不允许传输子信道比特位图指示为1101111111111001时，表示320MHz的EHT sounding NDP带宽的打孔模式为[1101111111111001]，也即是在320MHz的的EHT sounding NDP带宽中：信道3、信道14、信道15被打孔，信道1、信道2、信道4-信道13、信道16未被打孔(可以参照图10)。
可选的，该不允许传输子信道比特位图中的第i比特可以用于指示：EHT sounding NDP带宽内第i个信道的打孔情况，其中i为整数，0≤i≤EHT sounding NDP带宽内信道的个数，且EHT sounding NDP带宽内的信道按频率从低到高的顺序排列。这样，可以简化实现逻辑。
示例性的，再如图15所示，当该不允许传输子信道比特位图指示为1101111111111001时，表示320MHz的EHT sounding NDP带宽的打孔模式为[1101111111111001]，也即是在320MHz的的EHT sounding NDP带宽中：信道3、信道14、信道15被打孔，信道1、信道2、信道4-信道13、信道16未被打孔(可以参照图10)。
需要说明的是，上述方式10和方式11可以单独实施也可以结合实施，本申请对此不作限定。
本申请实施例中，利用U-SIG中的打孔信道指示字段实现第四字段的方式如下：
该第四字段可以为U-SIG的打孔指示字段(位于U-SIG第二个符号的B3-B7)。该U-SIG的打孔指示字段中某一未被使用的值可以被用于指示：整个EHT sounding NDP带宽内的打孔情况由第三字段确定。也即是说，如果该U-SIG的打孔指示字段指示为某一未被使用的值，则表示整个EHT sounding NDP带宽内的打孔情况由第三字段确定。比如，该U-SIG的打孔指示字段可以被设置为30，以指示整个EHT sounding NDP带宽内的打孔情况由第三字段确定。这样，Bfee可以根据该U-SIG的打孔指示字段的指示，确定从EHT NDPA帧的第三字段中获取整个EHT sounding NDP带宽内的打孔情况，以实现信道探测。
需要说明的是，上述的第三字段可以指示：EHT sounding NDP带宽内对应的某个信道的信道状态信息是否需要被反馈，具体可以参照上文关于利用第一站点信息或第二站点信息实现第三字段的描述。也即是说，Bfee根据上述第三字段和第四字段，可以不用获取EHT sounding NDP的打孔情况，只需基于第三字段获取需要反馈信道状态信息的子信道，然后基于这些需要反馈信道状态信息的子信道以及EHT sounding NDP进行信道探测即可。其中，Bfer需要保证需要被反馈信道状态信息的某个信道不被打孔。
需要说明的是，如果利用U-SIG的打孔信道指示字段实现第四字段，那么对于U-SIG的打孔信道指示字段能够指示的打孔模式，比如相关技术中基于non-OFDMA传输的打孔模式，EHT sounding NDP中的U-SIG可以仍采用相关技术中基于non-OFDMA传输的打孔模式。对于U-SIG的打孔信道指示字段不能指示的打孔模式，比 如，当EHT sounding NDP带宽为160MHz，且该EHT sounding NDP的打孔模式为[11111xx1]时，则可以将第一打孔信道指示字段指示为30，以利用该第一打孔信道指示字段指示：整个EHT sounding NDP带宽内的打孔情况由第三字段确定。
需要指出的是，上述将U-SIG的打孔信道指示字段指示为30只是一种示例，也可以利用其它值来指示，本申请对此不作限定。
在一些可能的实施例中，还可以利用信标帧来指示Bfee(比如STA)进行信道探测，具体流程可以图16所示，图16为本申请实施例的通信方法的流程示意图三。请参照图16，该方法可包括以下步骤：
S1601，Bfer生成信标帧。
其中，本申请提供的信标帧可以包括指示整个EHT sounding NDP带宽内的打孔情况的第五字段。可选的，这里的EHT sounding NDP包括指示整个EHT sounding NDP带宽内的打孔情况由第五字段确定的字段。为了便于描述，本文中将“指示整个EHT sounding NDP带宽内的打孔情况由第五字段确定的字段”称为为“第六字段”。
本申请实施例中，第五字段可以利用本申请提供的信标帧中的一个或多个字段/子字段实现。第五字段的具体实现方式及相应的技术效果可以参照上述第三字段，第六字段的具体实现方式及相应的技术效果与可以参照上述第四字段，在此不再赘述。
S1602，Bfer向Bfee发送信标帧。
相应的，Bfee接收来自AP的信标帧。
S1603，Bfee解析信标帧。
其中，Bfee可以基于本申请提供的信标帧获取EHT sounding NDP的打孔情况，然后根据获取的打孔情况和EHT sounding NDP进行信道估计，以获取信道状态信息。
其中，Bfer可以周期性地生成并向Bfee发送信标帧。如果Bfer周期性地生成并向Bfee发送信标帧时，Bfee可以通过最近一次接收到的信标帧进行信道估计。
可选的，在获得信道状态信息之后，图16所示的通信方法还可以包括：Bfee向Bfer发送包含有信道状态信息的波束成形报告。
如此，在利用802.11ax之后的标准(例如802.11be)进行无线通信的场景下，Bfee在基于OFDMA传输时，能够根据本申请提供的信标帧进行信道估计，获得信道状态信息，并向Bfer反馈波束成形报告，以实现针对OFDMA传输的波束成型、资源调度等功能，进而提升信道质量和吞吐量。
可以看出，图16所示的通信方法与上述图12所示的通信方法的区别在于：Bfer和Bfee之间通过信标帧和EHT sounding NDP实现信道估计。故上述S1801-S1803的具体实现方式及相应的技术效果可以参照图12中的对应步骤说明，在此不再赘述。
在上述图12以及图16所示的通信方法中，可以看出，通过利用EHT sounding NDP以外的第一帧(比如EHT NDPA帧和信标帧)携带打孔指示信息，并利用EHT sounding NDP携带指示打孔指示信息位于其他帧的字段，以实现Bfee在基于OFDMA传输时，能够根据该第一帧和EHT sounding NDP进行信道估计。并且，在这个过程中，能够减少对EHT sounding NDP的改动，降低实现的复杂度，以及在第 一帧中携带打孔指示信息能够指示更多的打孔模式，提高打孔模式的灵活度。
基于上述相关技术，本申请实施例还提供一些用于802.11ax之后标准的U-SIG的结构。
本申请实施例提供的U-SIG可以应用于802.11ax之后标准的PPDU(包括NDP和用于传输数据的PPDU)中。并且，该U-SIG可以适用于non-OFDMA传输和OFDMA传输，本申请对此不作限定。
作为一种可能的实施方式，可以利用U-SIG的打孔指示字段(位于U-SIG第二个符号的B3-B7)以及U-SIG中未被使用的字段或比特(比如证实比特或不理会比特)，指示更多的打孔模式。
具体地，可以利用U-SIG的打孔指示字段(位于U-SIG第2个符号的B3-B7)以及U-SIG中的B8证实比特(位于U-SIG第1个符号的B8)，指示更多的打孔模式。此时，用于指示打孔模式的字段长度为6比特，在某一种带宽(比如20MHz、80MHz或160MHz等)下，可以指示的打孔模式最多有64种。为了便于描述，下文将U-SIG的打孔指示字段和B8证实比特简称为6比特打孔指示字段。
示例性的，请结合参照表8和表9，表8和表9示出的是本申请实施例提供的U-SIG能够支持的打孔模式。其中，表8和表9中域值列为6比特打孔指示字段的值。
相较于相关技术中基于non-OFDMA传输的打孔模式，表8和表9中能够指示相关技术中基于non-OFDMA传输所无法指示的打孔模式。具体来说，相较于相关技术中基于non-OFDMA传输所无法指示的打孔模式，本申请实施例利用6比特打孔指示字段，可以新增支持表9中所示的打孔模式，也即能够指示更多的打孔模式，提高打孔模式的灵活度。
表8
Figure PCTCN2022086811-appb-000014
表8(续)
Figure PCTCN2022086811-appb-000015
表9
Figure PCTCN2022086811-appb-000016
需要注意的是，上述表8和表9中域值与打孔模式的对应关系仅是一种示例，具体的对应关系可以根据实际情况决定，在其他实施例中，也可以替换为其他的对应关 系。6比特打孔指示字段可以指示表9中的部分打孔模式或全部打孔模式，具体指示哪些打孔模式根据实际需求确定。
另外，参照上表9可以看出，本申请实施例利用6比特打孔指示字段，所新增支持的打孔模式是1孔或2孔的情况，这样可以简化滤波器的设计。
作为另一种可能的实施方式，可以仅利用U-SIG的打孔指示字段(位于U-SIG第二个符号的B3-B7)中未被使用的值，指示更多的打孔模式。此时，用于指示打孔模式的字段长度为5比特，在某一种带宽(比如20MHz、80MHz或160MHz等)下，可以指示的打孔模式最多有32种。为了便于描述，下文将U-SIG的打孔指示字段简称为5比特打孔指示字段。
示例性的，请参照表10或表11，表10或表11示出的是能够支持的新增打孔模式。可以看出，相较于相关技术中基于non-OFDMA传输的打孔模式，本申请实施例利用5比特打孔指示，可以新增支持表10或表11中所示的打孔模式，也即能够指示更多的打孔模式，提高打孔模式的灵活度。并且，可以看出表10或表11中所新增支持的打孔模式是1孔或2孔的情况，这样可以简化滤波器的设计。
应理解，5比特打孔指示字段可以指示表10中的部分打孔模式，具体指示哪些打孔模式根据实际需求确定。其中，当PPDU带宽为320MHz时，可以利用5比特打孔指示字段指示，表10中320MHz对应的多个打孔模式中任意不超过7个打孔模式。
可以看出，表11所新增支持的打孔模式是1孔的情况，可选的，可以基于5比特打孔指示字段指示表11中的全部打孔模式，以简化滤波器的设计。
表10
Figure PCTCN2022086811-appb-000017
Figure PCTCN2022086811-appb-000018
表11
Figure PCTCN2022086811-appb-000019
应理解，本申请实施例提供的U-SIG可以应用于上述图7所示通信方法的PPDU中。
上述本申请提供的实施例中，分别从接入点、站点的角度对本申请实施例提供的方法进行了介绍。为了实现上述本申请实施例提供的方法中的各功能，接入点、站点可以包括硬件结构、软件模块，以硬件结构、软件模块、或硬件结构加软件模块的形式来实现上述各功能。上述各功能中的某个功能可以以硬件结构、软件模块、或者硬件结构加软件模块的方式来执行。
请参阅图17，图17为本申请实施例提供的通信装置的模块示意图，通信装置1700包括处理单元1701和发送单元1702，
处理单元1701用于生成PPDU，PPDU包括指示PPDU为基于正交频分多址OFDMA传输的极高吞吐率探测空数据分组EHT sounding NDP的第一字段，PPDU还包括极高吞吐率-长训练字段EHT-LTF和数据包扩展字段PE，PE与EHT-LTF相邻；
发送单元1702用于发送PPDU。
这样，波束成形响应者(beamformee，Bfee)可以根据该PPDU中的第一字段，确定该PPDU为OFDMA based NDP；然后在基于OFDMA传输时通过该PPDU进行信道估计，并向波束成形发起者(beamformer，Bfer)反馈信道状态信息，以实现针对OFDMA传输的波束成型、资源调度等功能，进而提升信道质量和吞吐量。
该通信装置1700可理解为Bfer。该通信装置1700例如可以是接入点或站点。或者该通信装置部署在接入点或站点。该通信装置1700的处理单元1701可为处理器，该通信装置1700的发送单元1702可以为收发器。
在一些可能的设计中，上述的第一字段可以包括PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段。
在一些可能的设计中，上述的第一字段可以包括PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段以及第二字段。其中，PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段用于指示PPDU为EHT sounding  NDP，第二字段用于指示PPDU基于OFDMA传输。
在一些可能的设计中，上述的第一字段可以包括站点标识STA ID子字段，STA ID子字段用于指示PPDU为基于OFDMA传输的EHT sounding NDP。
在一些可能的设计中，上述的PPDU还可以包括极高吞吐率信令字段EHT-SIG，EHT-SIG包括n个用户字段，n个用户字段中包括空间流数子字段，波束成形子字段中的至少一个，n为正整数。
在一些可能的设计中，上述的PPDU还可以包括EHT-SIG，EHT-SIG仅包括公共字段，公共字段可以包括空间流数子字段，波束成形子字段中的至少一个。
在一些可能的设计中，上述的PPDU还可以包括通用信令字段U-SIG和EHT-SIG，U-SIG可以包括第一打孔信道指示字段，EHT-SIG可以包括第二打孔信道指示字段。其中，第一打孔信道指示字段用于指示U-SIG所在80MHz子块带宽内的打孔情况，第二打孔信道指示字段用于指示整个PPDU带宽内的打孔情况。
可选的，上述的第二打孔信道指示字段可以包括至少一个资源单元指示子字段，资源单元指示子字段用于指示PPDU带宽内的一个子信道的打孔情况。
可选的，上述的第二打孔信道指示字段可以包括比特位图子字段，比特位图子字段用于指示整个PPDU带宽内的打孔情况。
请参阅图18，图18为本申请实施例提供的通信装置的模块示意图，通信装置1800包括处理单元1801和发送单元1802，
处理单元1801用于生成极高吞吐率空数据分组声明EHT NDPA帧。其中，EHT NDPA帧包括指示整个EHT sounding NDP带宽内的打孔情况的第三字段，EHT sounding NDP包括指示整个EHT sounding NDP带宽内的打孔情况由第三字段确定的字段；
发送单元1802用于发送EHT NDPA帧。
这样，在基于OFDMA传输时，Bfee可以根据EHT sounding NDP中第四字段的指示，从EHT NDPA帧获取第三字段，并根据第三字段的指示确定出整个EHT sounding NDP带宽内的打孔情况，然后可以根据该打孔情况和EHT sounding NDP进行信道估计，并向Bfer反馈信道状态信息，以实现针对OFDMA传输的波束成型、资源调度等功能，进而提升信道质量和吞吐量。
该通信装置1800可理解为Bfer。该通信装置1800例如可以是接入点或站点。或者该通信装置部署在接入点或站点。该通信装置1800的处理单元1801可为处理器，该通信装置1800的发送单元1802可以为收发器。
在一些可能的设计中，上述的第三字段可以包括至少一个第一信息，第一信息用于指示波束成形响应者Bfee反馈EHT sounding NDP带宽内的一个子信道的信道状态信息，或者，第一信息用于指示EHT sounding NDP带宽内的一个子信道未被打孔。
可选的，上述的第三字段还可以包括至少一个第二信息，第二信息用于指示EHT sounding NDP带宽内的一个子信道被打孔。
请参阅图19，图19为本申请实施例提供的通信装置的模块示意图，通信装置1900包括处理单元1901和发送单元1902，
处理单元1901用于接收PPDU，PPDU包括指示PPDU为基于OFDMA传输的 EHT sounding NDP的第一字段，PPDU还包括EHT-LTF和PE，PE与EHT-LTF相邻；
发送单元1902用于通过PPDU进行信道估计。
如此，Bfee可以根据该PPDU中的第一字段，确定该PPDU为OFDMA based NDP；然后在基于OFDMA传输时通过该PPDU进行信道估计，并向Bfer反馈信道状态信息，以实现针对OFDMA传输的波束成型、资源调度等功能，进而提升信道质量和吞吐量。
该通信装置1900可理解为Bfee。该通信装置1900例如可以是接入点或站点。或者该通信装置部署在接入点或站点。该通信装置1900的处理单元1901可为处理器，该通信装置1900的发送单元1902可以为收发器。
在一些可能的设计中，上述的第一字段可以包括PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段。
在一些可能的设计中，上述的第一字段可以包括PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段以及第二字段，PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段用于指示PPDU为EHT sounding NDP，第二字段用于指示PPDU基于OFDMA传输。
在一些可能的设计中，上述的第一字段可以包括STA ID子字段，STA ID子字段用于指示PPDU为基于OFDMA传输的EHT sounding NDP。
在一些可能的设计中，上述的PPDU还可以包括EHT-SIG，EHT-SIG包括n个用户字段，n个用户字段中包括空间流数子字段，波束成形子字段中的至少一个，n为正整数。
在一些可能的设计中，上述的PPDU还可以包括EHT-SIG，EHT-SIG仅包括公共字段，公共字段可以包括空间流数子字段，波束成形子字段中的至少一个。
在一些可能的设计中，上述的PPDU还可以包括U-SIG和EHT-SIG，U-SIG可以包括第一打孔信道指示字段，EHT-SIG可以包括第二打孔信道指示字段。第一打孔信道指示字段用于指示U-SIG所在80MHz子块带宽内的打孔情况，第二打孔信道指示字段用于指示整个PPDU带宽内的打孔情况。
可选的，上述的第二打孔信道指示字段可以包括至少一个资源单元指示子字段，资源单元指示子字段用于指示PPDU带宽内的一个子信道的打孔情况。
可选的，上述的第二打孔信道指示字段可以包括比特位图子字段，比特位图子字段用于指示整个PPDU带宽内的打孔情况。
请参阅图20，图20为本申请实施例提供的通信装置的模块示意图，通信装置2000包括接收单元2001和处理单元2002，
接收单元2001用于接收EHT NDPA帧，EHT NDPA帧包括指示整个EHT sounding NDP带宽内的打孔情况的第三字段，EHT sounding NDP包括指示整个EHT sounding NDP带宽内的打孔情况由第三字段确定的字段；
处理单元2002用于解析EHT NDPA帧。
这样，在基于OFDMA传输时，Bfee可以根据EHT sounding NDP中第四字段的指示，从EHT NDPA帧获取第三字段，并根据第三字段的指示确定出整个EHT sounding NDP带宽内的打孔情况，然后可以根据该打孔情况和EHT sounding NDP进行信道估计，并向Bfer反馈信道状态信息，以实现针对OFDMA传输的波束成型、 资源调度等功能，进而提升信道质量和吞吐量。
该通信装置2000可理解为Bfee。该通信装置2000例如可以为站点或接入点，或者该通信装置2000部署在站点或接入点。该通信装置2000的处理单元2002可为处理器，该通信装置2000的接收单元2001可以为收发器。
在一些可能的设计中，第三字段可以包括至少一个第一信息，第一信息用于指示Bfee反馈EHT sounding NDP带宽内的一个子信道的信道状态信息，或者，第一信息用于指示EHT sounding NDP带宽内的一个子信道未被打孔。
可选的，第三字段还包括至少一个第二信息，第二信息用于指示EHT sounding NDP带宽内的一个子信道被打孔。
其中，上述各通信装置实施例的相关内容可参见上述方法实施例的相关内容。此处不再详述。
为了便于说明，参见图21，图21是本申请实施例提供的通信装置2100的结构示意图，该通信装置2100包括处理器2101和收发器2102。该通信装置2100可以为第一MLD或第二MLD，或其中的芯片。图14仅示出了通信装置2100的主要部件。除处理器2101和收发器2102之外，通信装置还可以进一步包括存储器2103、以及输入输出装置(图未示意)。
其中，处理器2101主要用于对通信协议以及通信数据进行处理，以及对整个通信装置进行控制，执行软件程序，处理软件程序的数据。存储器2103主要用于存储软件程序和数据。收发器2102可以包括射频电路和天线，射频电路主要用于基带信号与射频信号的转换以及对射频信号的处理。天线主要用于收发电磁波形式的射频信号。输入输出装置，例如触摸屏、显示屏，键盘等主要用于接收用户输入的数据以及对用户输出数据。
其中，处理器2101、收发器2102、以及存储器2103可以通过通信总线连接。
当通信装置开机后，处理器2101可以读取存储器2103中的软件程序，解释并执行软件程序的指令，处理软件程序的数据。当需要通过无线发送数据时，处理器2101对待发送的数据进行基带处理后，输出基带信号至射频电路，射频电路将基带信号进行射频处理后将射频信号通过天线以电磁波的形式向外发送。当有数据发送到通信装置时，射频电路通过天线接收到射频信号，将射频信号转换为基带信号，并将基带信号输出至处理器2101，处理器2101将基带信号转换为数据并对该数据进行处理。
在另一种实现中，所述的射频电路和天线可以独立于进行基带处理的处理器而设置，例如在分布式场景中，射频电路和天线可以与独立于通信装置，呈拉远式的布置。本申请还提供了一种芯片，其可以通过执行计程序或指令以实现上述任一方法实施例的功能。
通信装置可以是独立的设备或者可以是较大设备的一部分。例如所述通信装置可以是：
(1)独立的集成电路IC，或芯片，或，芯片系统或子系统；
(2)具有一个或多个IC的集合，可选的，该IC集合也可以包括用于存储数据，指令的存储部件；
(3)ASIC，例如调制解调器(Modem)；
(4)可嵌入在其他设备内的模块；
(5)接收机、智能终端、无线设备、手持机、移动单元、车载设备、云设备、人工智能设备等等；
(6)其他等等。
当本申请实施例的通信装置的具体实现是芯片时，该芯片可以由处理器实现，该处理器可用于进行，例如但不限于，基带相关处理，所述芯片还可以包括收发器，该收发器可用于进行，例如但不限于，射频收发。上述器件可以分别设置在彼此独立的芯片上，也可以至少部分的或者全部的设置在同一块芯片上。例如，处理器可以进一步划分为模拟基带处理器和数字基带处理器。其中，模拟基带处理器可以与收发器集成在同一块芯片上，数字基带处理器可以设置在独立的芯片上。随着集成电路技术的不断发展，可以在同一块芯片上集成的器件越来越多，例如，数字基带处理器可以与多种应用处理器(例如但不限于图形处理器，多媒体处理器等)集成在同一块芯片之上。这样的芯片可以称为系统芯片(system on chip)。将各个器件独立设置在不同的芯片上，还是整合设置在一个或者多个芯片上，往往取决于产品设计的具体需要。本发明实施例对上述器件的具体实现形式不做限定。
本申请还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，该计算机可读存储介质被计算机执行时实现上述任一方法实施例的功能。
本申请还提供了一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品被计算机执行时实现上述任一方法实施例的功能。
在本申请实施例中，为了实施例的简介、便于理解，可能会为一些词语、句子(包括名词、技术术语、说明、解释、概念等)提供一些简便称呼。例如，将“WLAN通信设备”简称为“WLAN设备”；又例如，将“保证新设备同传统设备的共存”简称为“保证共存”等等。这种称呼的改变仅为了说明的简洁，并不表示对这些词语、句子所指代(或关联)的对象、概念或含义本身进行限制。
本申请说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”和“第三”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于限定特定顺序。
在本申请实施例中，“示例性的”或者“例如”等词用于表示作例子、例证或说明。本申请实施例中被描述为“示例性的”或者“例如”的任何实施例或设计方案不应被解释为比其它实施例或设计方案更优选或更具优势。确切而言，使用“示例性的”或者“例如”等词旨在以具体方式呈现相关概念。
“多个”是指两个或两个以上，其它量词与之类似。“和/或”描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。此外，对于单数形式“a”，“an”和“the”出现的元素(element)，除非上下文另有明确规定，否则其不意味着“一个或仅一个”，而是意味着“一个或多于一个”。例如，“a device”意味着对一个或多个这样的device。再者，至少一个(at least one of).......”意味着后续关联对象中的一个或任意组合，例如“A、B和C中的至少一个”包括A，B，C，AB，AC，BC，或ABC。
本申请的实施例中的方法步骤可以通过硬件的方式来实现，也可以由处理器执行软件指令的方式来实现。软件指令可以由相应的软件模块组成，软件模块可以被存放于随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)、闪存、只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(electrically EPROM，EEPROM)、寄存器、硬盘、移动硬盘、CD-ROM或者本领域熟知的任何其它形式的存储介质中。一种示例性的存储介质耦合至处理器，从而使处理器能够从该存储介质读取信息，且可向该存储介质写入信息。当然，存储介质也可以是处理器的组成部分。处理器和存储介质可以位于ASIC中。另外，该ASIC可以位于网络设备或终端设备中。当然，处理器和存储介质也可以作为分立组件存在于网络设备或终端设备中。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机程序或指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机程序或指令时，全部或部分地执行本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、网络设备、用户设备或者其它可编程装置。所述计算机程序或指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机程序或指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线或无线方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是集成一个或多个可用介质的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质，例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带；也可以是光介质，例如，数字视频光盘(digital video disc，DVD)；还可以是半导体介质，例如，固态硬盘(solid state drive，SSD)。
可以理解的是，在本申请的实施例中涉及的各种数字编号仅为描述方便进行的区分，并不用来限制本申请的实施例的范围。上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定。
本申请中，除特殊说明外，各个实施例之间相同或相似的部分可以互相参考。在本申请中各个实施例、以及各实施例中的各个实施方式/实施方法/实现方法中，如果没有特殊说明以及逻辑冲突，不同的实施例之间、以及各实施例中的各个实施方式/实施方法/实现方法之间的术语和/或描述具有一致性、且可以相互引用，不同的实施例、以及各实施例中的各个实施方式/实施方法/实现方法中的技术特征根据其内在的逻辑关系可以组合形成新的实施例、实施方式、实施方法、或实现方法。以下所述的本申请实施方式并不构成对本申请保护范围的限定。
可以理解，说明书通篇中提到的“实施例”意味着与实施例有关的特定特征、结构或特性包括在本申请的至少一个实施例中。因此，在整个说明书各个实施例未必指相同的实施例。此外，这些特定的特征、结构或特性可以任意适合的方式结合在一个或多个实施例中。可以理解，在本申请的各种实施例中，各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定，而不应对本申 请实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。

Claims (26)

  1. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    生成物理层协议数据单元PPDU，所述PPDU包括指示所述PPDU为基于正交频分多址OFDMA传输的极高吞吐率探测空数据分组EHT sounding NDP的第一字段；
    所述PPDU还包括极高吞吐率-长训练字段EHT-LTF和数据包扩展字段PE，所述PE与所述EHT-LTF相邻；
    发送所述PPDU。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一字段包括PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一字段包括PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段以及第二字段；
    所述PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段用于指示所述PPDU为EHT sounding NDP；
    所述第二字段用于指示所述PPDU基于OFDMA传输。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一字段包括站点标识STA ID子字段，所述STA ID子字段用于指示所述PPDU为基于OFDMA传输的EHT sounding NDP。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述PPDU还包括极高吞吐率信令字段EHT-SIG，所述EHT-SIG包括n个用户字段，所述n个用户字段中包括空间流数子字段，波束成形子字段中的至少一个，n为正整数。
  6. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述PPDU还包括EHT-SIG，所述EHT-SIG仅包括公共字段，所述公共字段包括空间流数子字段，波束成形子字段中的至少一个。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述PPDU还包括通用信令字段U-SIG和EHT-SIG，所述U-SIG包括第一打孔信道指示字段，所述EHT-SIG包括第二打孔信道指示字段；
    所述第一打孔信道指示字段用于指示所述U-SIG所在80MHz子块带宽内的打孔情况；
    所述第二打孔信道指示字段用于指示整个所述PPDU带宽内的打孔情况。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二打孔信道指示字段包括至少一个资源单元指示子字段，所述资源单元指示子字段用于指示所述PPDU带宽内的一个子信道的打孔情况。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二打孔信道指示字段包括比特位图子字段，所述比特位图子字段用于指示整个所述PPDU带宽内的打孔情况。
  10. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    生成极高吞吐率空数据分组声明EHT NDPA帧；
    其中，所述EHT NDPA帧包括指示整个EHT sounding NDP带宽内的打孔情况的第三字段，所述EHT sounding NDP包括指示整个所述EHT sounding NDP带宽内的打孔情况由所述第三字段确定的字段；
    发送所述EHT NDPA帧。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第三字段包括至少一个第一信息；
    所述第一信息用于指示波束成形响应者Bfee反馈所述EHT sounding NDP带宽内的一个子信道的信道状态信息，或者，所述第一信息用于指示所述EHT sounding NDP带宽内的一个子信道未被打孔。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第三字段还包括至少一个第二信息；
    所述第二信息用于指示所述EHT sounding NDP带宽内的一个子信道被打孔。
  13. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    接收PPDU，所述PPDU包括指示所述PPDU为基于OFDMA传输的EHT sounding NDP的第一字段；
    所述PPDU还包括EHT-LTF和PE，所述PE与所述EHT-LTF相邻；
    通过所述PPDU进行信道估计。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一字段包括PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一字段包括PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段以及第二字段；
    所述PPDU类型和压缩模式子字段用于指示所述PPDU为EHT sounding NDP；
    所述第二字段用于指示所述PPDU基于OFDMA传输。
  16. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一字段包括STA ID子字段，所述STA ID子字段用于指示所述PPDU为基于OFDMA传输的EHT sounding NDP。
  17. 根据权利要求13-16中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述PPDU还包括EHT-SIG，所述EHT-SIG包括n个用户字段，所述n个用户字段中包括空间流数子字段，波束成形子字段中的至少一个，n为正整数。
  18. 根据权利要求13-15中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述PPDU还包括EHT-SIG，所述EHT-SIG仅包括公共字段，所述公共字段包括空间流数子字段，波束成形子字段中的至少一个。
  19. 根据权利要求13-18中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述PPDU还包括U-SIG和EHT-SIG，所述U-SIG包括第一打孔信道指示字段，所述EHT-SIG包括第二打孔信道指示字段；
    所述第一打孔信道指示字段用于指示所述U-SIG所在80MHz子块带宽内的打孔情况；
    所述第二打孔信道指示字段用于指示整个所述PPDU带宽内的打孔情况。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二打孔信道指示字段包括至少一个资源单元指示子字段，所述资源单元指示子字段用于指示所述PPDU带宽内的一个子信道的打孔情况。
  21. 根据权利要求19所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二打孔信道指示字段包括 比特位图子字段，所述比特位图子字段用于指示整个所述PPDU带宽内的打孔情况。
  22. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    接收EHT NDPA帧；
    其中，所述EHT NDPA帧包括指示整个EHT sounding NDP带宽内的打孔情况的第三字段，所述EHT sounding NDP包括指示整个所述EHT sounding NDP带宽内的打孔情况由所述第三字段确定的字段；
    解析所述EHT NDPA帧。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第三字段包括至少一个第一信息；
    所述第一信息用于指示Bfee反馈所述EHT sounding NDP带宽内的一个子信道的信道状态信息，或者，所述第一信息用于指示所述EHT sounding NDP带宽内的一个子信道未被打孔。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第三字段还包括至少一个第二信息；
    所述第二信息用于指示所述EHT sounding NDP带宽内的一个子信道被打孔。
  25. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：处理器和收发器，当所述处理器执行存储器中的计算机程序或指令时，使得权利要求1-12中任一项的所述方法被执行，或使得权利要求13-24中任一项的所述方法被执行。
  26. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机指令，所述计算机指令指示通信装置执行权利要求1-12中任一项所述的方法，或所述计算机指令指示通信装置执行权利要求13-24中任一项所述的方法。
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US20200177425A1 (en) * 2019-02-06 2020-06-04 Xiaogang Chen Channel width, spatial streams, and short packet signaling
CN111669204A (zh) * 2019-03-08 2020-09-15 华为技术有限公司 用于无线通信系统的信息传输方法、信息接收方法和装置
CN111713068A (zh) * 2018-02-16 2020-09-25 高通股份有限公司 用于经穿孔探测和部分带宽反馈的方法和装置
WO2021086263A1 (en) * 2019-10-31 2021-05-06 Panasonic Intellectual Property Corporation Of America Communication apparatus and communication method for channel estimation

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CN111669204A (zh) * 2019-03-08 2020-09-15 华为技术有限公司 用于无线通信系统的信息传输方法、信息接收方法和装置
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