WO2022268016A1 - 天线单元和电子设备 - Google Patents

天线单元和电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022268016A1
WO2022268016A1 PCT/CN2022/099742 CN2022099742W WO2022268016A1 WO 2022268016 A1 WO2022268016 A1 WO 2022268016A1 CN 2022099742 W CN2022099742 W CN 2022099742W WO 2022268016 A1 WO2022268016 A1 WO 2022268016A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antenna
antenna unit
dielectric material
unit according
board
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2022/099742
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
简宪静
王义金
邾志民
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Vivo Mobile Communication Co Ltd
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Vivo Mobile Communication Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vivo Mobile Communication Co Ltd filed Critical Vivo Mobile Communication Co Ltd
Publication of WO2022268016A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022268016A1/zh
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/30—Combinations of separate antenna units operating in different wavebands and connected to a common feeder system
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/10—Resonant antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
    • H01Q5/28—Arrangements for establishing polarisation or beam width over two or more different wavebands
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way

Definitions

  • the present application belongs to the technical field of communication equipment, and in particular relates to an antenna unit and electronic equipment.
  • the currently planned 5G millimeter wave frequency bands include n258 (24.25GHz-27.5GHz), n257 (26.5GHz-29.5GHz), n261 (27.5GHz-28.35GHz), n260 (37.0GHz-40.0GHz), and n259 (39.5GHz -43.5GHz) band.
  • 3GPP 3rd Generation Partnership Project
  • the millimeter-wave antenna solution in the related art generally adopts an array antenna (Antenna in Package, AiP). As shown in FIG. IC, PMIC) 30 are packaged in a module, and the existing AiP antenna generally adopts a stacked structure to achieve dual-frequency or multi-frequency, and realizes dual-frequency or multi-frequency design through stacked coupling, as shown in Figure 2 Show.
  • AiP array antenna
  • the existing technology adopts a stacked structure for realizing dual-frequency or multi-frequency, and realizes dual-frequency or multi-frequency design through stacked coupling.
  • the main disadvantage of this design method is that the thickness of the antenna is relatively thick. As a result, the thickness of mobile terminals such as mobile phones increases.
  • the purpose of the present application is to provide an antenna unit and an electronic device, which at least solve one of the problems that the thickness of the antenna is relatively thick, resulting in an increase in the thickness of mobile terminals such as mobile phones.
  • the embodiment of the present application proposes an antenna unit, including: a floor, a first antenna unit corresponding to the first frequency band and a second frequency band, and a second antenna unit corresponding to the third frequency band, the first
  • the antenna unit includes an antenna radiation piece and at least one first feeding probe, the first dielectric material is filled between the antenna radiation piece and the floor, and the first feeding probe is arranged on the first In the dielectric material, slots are formed at symmetrical positions close to the edges of the antenna radiation sheet, holes are formed in the central area of the antenna radiation sheet, and the second antenna unit is arranged at a position corresponding to the opening.
  • an electronic device including:
  • phased array module and a main board, the phased array module is connected to the main board through a board-to-board connector, the phased array module includes: an array antenna and a flexible circuit board, one end of the flexible circuit board is connected to the The array antennas are connected, and a board-to-board connector is provided at the other end.
  • the array antenna includes a first number of antennas and a dielectric carrier carrying the antenna unit.
  • the antenna unit is the antenna as described in the first aspect.
  • U-shaped slots are opened at symmetrical positions near the edge of the antenna radiation sheet to form dual-frequency, and a hole is opened in the central area to set the second antenna unit, so as not to increase the thickness and antenna
  • a three-band common-aperture antenna unit is formed to meet the appearance requirements of mobile terminals such as mobile phones, and meet the roaming requirements of millimeter-wave multi-bands or the requirements of perception integration.
  • Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the phased array module of related art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna unit in the related art
  • Fig. 3 is a top view of an antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is a top view of another antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a side view of an antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a top view of a second antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is a side view of another antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 8 is a top view of another antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 9 is a side view of another antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an array antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a phased array module according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • 300-phased array module 310-flexible circuit board; 311-board-to-board connector;
  • the terms “installation”, “installation” and “connection” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. Connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application in specific situations.
  • the antenna unit 100 includes: a floor 110, a first antenna unit 120 corresponding to the first frequency band and a second frequency band, and a first antenna unit 120 corresponding to the third frequency band.
  • Two antenna units 130, the first antenna unit 120 includes an antenna radiation piece 121 and at least one first feeding probe 122, a first dielectric material 140 is filled between the antenna radiation piece 121 and the floor 110, and the first dielectric material 140 is filled between the antenna radiation piece 121 and the floor 110.
  • a feeding probe 122 is arranged in the first dielectric material 140 under the antenna radiation piece 121, the antenna radiation piece 121 is provided with a slot 123 at a symmetrical position close to the edge, and the central area of the antenna radiation piece 121 is provided with a The opening 124 , the second antenna unit 130 is disposed at a position corresponding to the opening 124 .
  • the antenna radiation piece 121 can be arranged in various symmetrical shapes as required.
  • the antenna radiation piece is a square or a circle.
  • a square is taken as an example for illustration.
  • the antenna radiation piece when the antenna radiation piece is a square, four corners of the antenna radiation piece are provided with cut corners 150 .
  • the cut angle can make the impedance matching of the antenna element better and increase the bandwidth.
  • the shape of the slot can be set according to actual needs.
  • the slot is a U-shaped slot.
  • the opening of the U-shaped slot can be inward or outward, which is not limited here.
  • the first feeding probe 122 is arranged in an area other than the central position, and generates different polarizations for the antenna according to different positions.
  • the first antenna unit 120 generates three resonances in total, and the frequencies from low to high are: the first resonance, the second resonance and the third resonance, wherein the first resonance and the resonance are The useful resonance produces the same pattern as the antenna unit, and the second resonance is clutter, which is an unusable vibration, and its antenna efficiency is very low. Due to the symmetrical structure of the antenna radiation piece 121 and the four U-shaped slots 123 , dual polarization can be generated.
  • the number and position of the first feeding probes 122 in the first antenna unit 120 can be set according to actual needs. In one embodiment, in order to generate dual polarization as described below, as shown in FIG. They are respectively located at positions corresponding to two mutually perpendicular symmetry lines of the antenna radiation sheet, and the two first feeding probes are respectively used for horizontal polarization and vertical polarization.
  • the line of symmetry may be embodied as two dashed lines as shown in FIG. 4 , and the two first feeding probes 122 are respectively located on the two dashed lines.
  • the first feeding probe 122 located on the horizontal symmetrical line can generate horizontal polarization
  • the first feeding probe 122 located on the vertical symmetrical line can generate vertical polarization.
  • the impedance of the corresponding position in the central area of the antenna radiation piece 121 is small, it may not meet the impedance requirement, for example, 50 ohms. Therefore, when setting the first feeding probe 122, it is necessary to remove the Central region.
  • the first frequency band and the second frequency band can cover dual frequencies in the millimeter wave frequency band defined by 3GPP, including: n258 (24.25GHz-27.5GHz)/n261 (27.5GHz-28.35GHz)/n257 (26.5GHz-29.5GHz) and n259(39.5GHz-43.5GHz)/n260(37GHz-40GHz), or other frequency band combinations, which are not limited here.
  • the length of the U-shaped slot 123 mainly controls the frequency deviation of the third resonance, that is, the longer the length, the lower the third resonance shifts, and the shorter the length, the higher the third resonance shifts.
  • the width of the U-shaped slot 123 can be used to adjust the impedance matching of the third resonance, that is, adjusting the width of the U-shaped slot 123 can optimize the S-parameter of the third resonance.
  • the side length of the antenna radiation piece 121 can control the frequency deviation of the first resonance, that is, the longer the side length of the antenna radiation piece 121, the lower the first resonance shifts, and the side length of the antenna radiation piece 121 is reduced.
  • the first resonance shifts toward higher frequencies.
  • the shape of the opening 124 dug in the center of the antenna radiation piece 121 can be set according to actual needs, for example, it can be a positive direction or a circle.
  • the central point of the opening 124 is the same as the central point of the antenna radiation piece 121 .
  • the second antenna unit 130 provided at the position corresponding to the opening of the antenna radiation piece 121 can be used to generate another resonance, that is, corresponding to the third frequency band, and the third frequency band can be set as required , generally set higher than 43.5GHz, for example, can cover 57GHz-64GHz.
  • the second antenna unit 130 can be configured in various forms, including a coupled metal sheet antenna structure and a dielectric resonator antenna (Dielectric resonator Antenna, DRA) structure.
  • the second antenna unit 130 can be used as a gesture recognition and perception sensor (sensor), without occupying additional space, and the central area of the antenna radiation piece 121 digs a hole 124 to produce the first antenna unit 120.
  • the influence of the first frequency band and the second frequency band is very small, that is, the first antenna unit 120 and the second antenna unit 130 have a common aperture.
  • the antenna unit includes a floor 110, a first antenna unit 120 corresponding to the first frequency band and a second frequency band, and a second antenna unit 130 corresponding to the third frequency band
  • the first The antenna unit 120 includes an antenna radiation piece 121 and at least one first feeding probe 122
  • a first dielectric material 140 is filled between the antenna radiation piece 121 and the floor 110
  • the first feeding probe 122 is arranged on the In the first dielectric material 140 under the antenna radiation piece 121
  • the antenna radiation piece 121 is provided with a slot 123 at a symmetrical position close to the edge
  • the central area of the antenna radiation piece 121 is provided with an opening 124
  • the second antenna unit 130 is disposed at a position corresponding to the opening 124 .
  • the embodiment of the present application forms a three-band common-aperture antenna unit without increasing the thickness and antenna area, which meets the appearance requirements of mobile terminals such as mobile phones, and meets the roaming requirements of millimeter-wave multi-bands or the requirements of perception integration.
  • the suspension metal sheet 131 is located at the center of the opening 124 .
  • the second antenna unit 130 is a coupling metal sheet antenna structure, which can be set to dual polarization or single polarization.
  • the coupling metal sheet includes two , and vertically and orthogonally placed to form dual polarization, that is, dual polarization is formed by at least two coupled metal sheets.
  • the suspended metal sheet 131 is located at the center of the hole 124 dug in the central area of the antenna radiation sheet 1 .
  • the suspended metal sheet 131 and the antenna radiation sheet 121 may or may not be at the same horizontal plane, that is, the suspended metal sheet 131 is higher or lower than
  • the antenna radiation piece 121 is not specifically limited here.
  • the area of the suspended metal sheet is smaller than the area of the opening.
  • the second antenna unit 130 of the antenna unit 100 consists of a suspended metal sheet 131 , a coupling metal sheet 132 and a second feeding probe 133 arranged in the first dielectric material 140 .
  • the second antenna unit 130 located in the opening 124 is provided without increasing the thickness and antenna area, thereby forming a three-frequency common-aperture antenna unit, which meets the appearance requirements of mobile terminals such as mobile phones, and meets the millimeter-wave multi-band Roaming requirements or perception integration requirements.
  • the second antenna unit 130 includes a second dielectric material 141 and a third feeding probe 134, the dielectric constant of the second dielectric material 141 is higher than that of the first dielectric material 140, the second dielectric material 141 is located at the center of the opening 124 and surrounded by the first dielectric material 140, The third feeding probe 134 is located in the second dielectric material 142 .
  • the second antenna unit 130 is a dielectric resonant antenna structure, and its corresponding third frequency band can cover 57GHz-64GHz, and can be used for gesture recognition and sensing sensor functions without occupying additional space.
  • the second antenna unit 130 of the antenna unit 100 includes a second dielectric material 141 and a third feeding probe 134, and the dielectric constant of the second dielectric material 141 is higher than that of the The first dielectric material 140 , the second dielectric material 141 replaces the first dielectric material 140 at the center of the opening 124 , and the third feeding probe 134 is located in the second dielectric material 142 .
  • the second antenna unit located in the opening 124 is provided without increasing the thickness and antenna area, thereby forming a three-band common-aperture antenna unit, which meets the appearance requirements of mobile terminals such as mobile phones, and meets the requirements of millimeter wave multi-band Roaming requirements or perception integration requirements.
  • an electronic device in an embodiment of the present application includes:
  • Phased array module 300 and mainboard 400, described phased array module 300 is connected with mainboard 300 through board-to-board connector 311, described phased array module 300 comprises array antenna 200 and flexible circuit board (Flexible Printed Circuits , FPC) 310, one end of the flexible circuit board 310 is connected to the array antenna 200, and the other end is provided with a board-to-board connector (Board to Board, BTB) 311; wherein, the array antenna 200 includes a first number of antenna elements 100 and a dielectric carrier 210 carrying the antenna unit 100, the antenna unit 100 is the antenna unit 100 as described above.
  • FPC Flexible Printed Circuits
  • the first quantity may be 4, or other quantities, which are not specifically limited here.
  • antenna units 100 in the array antenna 200 may be 1 ⁇ 4 as shown in FIG. 10 , or 2 ⁇ 2 as shown in FIG. 11 .
  • the material of the FPC can be liquid crystal polymer (Liquid Crystal Polymer, LCP) or modified polyimide film (Modified Polyimide Film, MPI) or other low-loss materials.
  • LCP liquid Crystal Polymer
  • MPI Modified Polyimide Film
  • One end of the FPC is connected to the array antenna, and the other end is provided with a BTB connector 311 .
  • the BTB connector 311 can be installed on the FPC by surface mount technology (Surface Mount Technology, SMT).
  • the array antenna, the RFIC and the PMIC are packaged in one module.
  • the phased array module 300 in the embodiment of the present application does not include RFIC and PMIC.
  • the BTB connector 311 on the phased array module 300 is connected to the BTB on the main board, and a millimeter wave RFIC is arranged on the main board.
  • the electronic device can be a mobile terminal.
  • the BTB connector 311 on the phased array module 300 is connected to the BTB on the main board, and the main board is set mmWave RFICs.
  • the RFIC is placed close to the BTB on the main board to reduce path loss.
  • the remaining components 402 are arranged on the main board, and other components such as a battery 403 are placed inside the whole machine.
  • the electronic device may also include: a glass cover 404 ; display screen 405; metal frame 406; glass back cover 407. The millimeter-wave signal is radiated outward through the glass back cover 407.
  • the millimeter-wave antenna unit does not adopt a laminated structure, the thickness of the antenna is reduced, and triple-frequency dual polarization can be achieved without additionally increasing the area of the antenna.
  • Other components of the electronic device according to the embodiment of the present application such as the main board 4 and the display screen, and operations are known to those skilled in the art, and will not be described in detail here.
  • the millimeter-wave antenna unit since the millimeter-wave antenna unit does not adopt a laminated structure, the thickness of the antenna is reduced, which meets the requirements for the appearance of mobile terminals such as mobile phones, and meets the roaming requirements of millimeter-wave multi-bands or integrated perception. need.
  • references to the terms “one embodiment,” “some embodiments,” “exemplary embodiments,” “example,” “specific examples,” or “some examples” are intended to mean that the implementation A specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described by an embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application.
  • schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.
  • the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

本申请公开了一种天线单元和电子设备，所述天线单元包括：地板、与第一频段和第二频段对应的第一天线单元、以及与第三频段对应的第二天线单元，所述第一天线单元包括天线辐射片和至少一个第一馈电探针，所述天线辐射片与地板之间填充第一介质材料，所述第一馈电探针设置在所述天线辐射片下的第一介质材料中，所述天线辐射片靠近边沿的对称位置开有槽缝，所述天线辐射片中心区域开有开孔，所述第二天线单元设置在所述开孔所对应位置。

Description

天线单元和电子设备
交叉引用
本发明要求在2021年06月22日提交中国专利局、申请号为202110692284.5、发明名称为“天线单元和电子设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本发明中。
技术领域
本申请属于通信设备技术领域，具体涉及一种天线单元和电子设备。
背景技术
随着第五代移动通信技术(5th Generation Mobile Communication Technology，5G)的商用，要真正的发挥5G的全部潜能，必须要依靠毫米波技术。在目前规划的5G毫米波频段有n258(24.25GHz-27.5GHz)，n257(26.5GHz-29.5GHz)、n261(27.5GHz-28.35GHz)，n260(37.0GHz-40.0GHz)，以及n259(39.5GHz-43.5GHz)频段。而随着毫米波技术的发展，第三代合作伙伴计划(3rd Generation Partnership Project，3GPP)会定义越来越多的毫米波频段。
相关技术的毫米波天线方案一般是采用阵列天线(Antenna in Package，AiP)，如图1所示，阵列天线10和射频集成电路(Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit，RFIC)20和电源管理集成电路(Power Management IC，PMIC)30封装在一个模组里面，而现有AiP的天线对于实现双频或者多频一般是采用叠层的结构，通过叠层耦合实现双频或者多频的设计，如图2所示。
承上所述，现有技术对于实现双频或者多频是采用叠层的结构，通过 叠层耦合实现双频或者多频的设计，这种设计方式主要的缺点就是导致天线的厚度较厚，导致手机等移动终端的厚度增加。
发明内容
本申请旨在提供一种天线单元和电子设备，至少解决天线的厚度较厚，导致手机等移动终端的厚度增加的问题之一。
第一方面，本申请实施例提出了一种天线单元，包括：地板、与第一频段和第二频段对应的第一天线单元、以及与第三频段对应的第二天线单元，所述第一天线单元包括天线辐射片和至少一个第一馈电探针，所述天线辐射片与地板之间填充第一介质材料，所述第一馈电探针设置在所述天线辐射片下的第一介质材料中，所述天线辐射片靠近边沿的对称位置开有槽缝，所述天线辐射片中心区域开有开孔，所述第二天线单元设置在所述开孔所对应位置。
第二方面，本申请实施例提出了一种电子设备，包括：
相控阵模组和主板，所述相控阵模组通过板对板连接器与主板相连，所述相控阵模组包括：阵列天线和柔性电路板，所述柔性电路板一端与所述阵列天线相连，另一端设置板对板连接器，所述阵列天线包括第一数量天线和承载所述天线单元的介质载板，所述天线单元为如第一方面所述的天线。
在本申请的实施例中，通过在天线辐射片靠近边沿的对称位置分别开有U型槽缝，形成双频，并在中心区域开孔，设置第二天线单元，从而在不增加厚度及天线面积的情况下，形成三频共口径天线单元，满足手机等移动终端外观的需求，且满足毫米波多频段的漫游需求或者感知一体化的需求。
本申请的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本申请的实践了解到。
附图说明
本申请的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1是相关技术的相控阵模组的结构示意图；
图2是相关技术的天线单元的结构示意图；
图3是根据本申请实施例的一种天线单元的俯视图；
图4是根据本申请实施例的另一种天线单元的俯视图；
图5是根据本申请实施例的一种天线单元的侧视图；
图6是根据本申请实施例的第二天线单元的俯视图；
图7是根据本申请实施例的另一种天线单元的侧视图；
图8是根据本申请实施例的另一种天线单元的俯视图；
图9是根据本申请实施例的另一种天线单元的侧视图；
图10是根据本申请实施例的一种阵列天线的示意图；
图11是根据本申请实施例的一种相控阵模组的示意图；
图12是根据本申请实施例的一种电子设备的示意图。
附图标记：
100-天线单元；110-地板；120-第一天线单元；121-天线辐射片；122-第一馈电探针；123-U型槽缝；124-开孔；130-第二天线单元；131-悬浮金属片；132-耦合金属片；133-第二馈电探针；134-第三馈电探针；140-第一介质材料；141-第二介质材料；150-切角；
200-阵列天线；210-介质载板；
300-相控阵模组；310-柔性电路板；311-板对板连接器；
400-主板；401-射频集成电路；402-其余器件；403-电池；404-玻璃盖板；405-显示屏；406-金属中框；407-玻璃后盖。
具体实施方式
下面将详细描述本申请的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本申请，而不能理解为对本申请的限制。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
本申请的说明书和权利要求书中的术语“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本申请的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。此外，说明书以及权利要求中“和/或”表示所连接对象的至少其中之一，字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“垂直”、“水平”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“设置”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
下面结合图3-图9描述根据本申请实施例的天线单元。
如图3所示，根据本申请一些实施例的天线单元100，该天线单元100包括：地板110、与第一频段和第二频段对应的第一天线单元120、以及与第三频段对应的第二天线单元130，所述第一天线单元120包括的天线 辐射片121和至少一个第一馈电探针122，所述天线辐射片121与地板110之间填充第一介质材料140，所述第一馈电探针122设置在所述天线辐射片121下的第一介质材料140中，所述天线辐射片121靠近边沿的对称位置开有槽缝123，所述天线辐射片121中心区域开有开孔124，所述第二天线单元130设置在所述开孔124所对应位置。
所述天线辐射片121可根据需要设置成各种对称的形状，在一种实施方式中，所述天线辐射片为正方形或圆形。为了简便起见在下面的实施例中，均以正方形为例进行举例说明。
在一种实施方式中，在所述天线辐射片为正方形的情况下，在所述天线辐射片的四个角开有切角150。所述切角可以使天线单元的阻抗匹配更好，并且增加带宽。
对于正方形的天线辐射片121，可以在天线辐射片121四边靠近边沿的位置开设四条相互对称的槽缝。
所述槽缝的形状可以根据实际的需要进行设定，在一种实施方式中，所述槽缝为U型槽缝。所述U型槽缝的开口可以向内也可以向外，此处不作限定。
所述第一馈电探针122设置在除中心位置外的区域，并根据位置的不同，对天线产生不同的极化。
根据所述天线单元的S参数仿真图，第一天线单元120共产生三个谐振，频率由低到高分别为：第一谐振、第二谐振和第三谐振，其中，第一谐振和谐振为有用谐振，产生与天线单元相同的方向图，第二谐振为杂波，为不可用的揩振，其天线效率很低。由于天线辐射片121以及四条U型槽缝123为对称的结构，可以产生双极化。
所述第一天线单元120中的第一馈电探针122的数量和位置可根据实际的需要进行设定。在一种实施方式中，为了产生如下所述的双极化，如图4所示，所述第一天线单元120包括两个第一馈电探针122，两个第一 馈电探针122分别位于所述天线辐射片的两条相互垂直的对称线所对应的位置，所述两个第一馈电探针分别用于水平极化和垂直极化。
所述对称线可以具体表现为如图4所示的两条虚线，两个第一馈电探针122分别位于两条虚线上。其中，位于水平对称线上的第一馈电探针122可产生水平极化，位于垂直对称线上的第一馈电探针122可以产生垂直极化。另外，由于天线辐射片121的中心区域对应位置的阻抗较小，可能不满足阻抗需求，例如50欧姆，因此，在设置所述第一馈电探针122时需要除去所述天线辐射片121的中心区域。
由于在正方形的天线辐射片121上开槽，产生双频，分别为第一频段和第二频段。所述第一频段和第二频段可以覆盖3GPP定义的毫米波频段中的双频，包括：n258(24.25GHz-27.5GHz)/n261(27.5GHz-28.35GHz)/n257(26.5GHz-29.5GHz)和n259(39.5GHz-43.5GHz)/n260(37GHz-40GHz)，也可以是其它频段组合，此处不做限制。
应理解的是，U型槽缝123的长度主要控制第三谐振的频偏，即长度越长，第三谐振越往低频偏移，长度越短，第三谐振越往高频偏移。U型槽缝123的宽度可用于调整第三谐振的阻抗匹配，即调整U型槽缝123的宽度可以优化第三谐振的S参数。
应理解的是，天线辐射片121的边长可控制第一谐振的频偏，即天线辐射片121的边长越长，第一谐振越往低频偏移，减少天线辐射片121的边长，第一谐振越往高频偏移。
应理解的是，在天线辐射片121的中心位置挖的开孔124的形状可以根据实际的需要设定，例如，可以为正方向形或圆形。开孔124的中心点与天线辐射片121的中心点相同。
应理解的是，在所述天线辐射片121开孔所对应的位置设置的第二天线单元130，可用于产生另一个谐振，即对应第三频段，所述第三频段可根据需要进行设定，一般设定为高于43.5GHz，例如，可以覆盖57 GHz-64GHz。所述第二天线单元130可以设置为多种形式，包括耦合金属片天线结构和介质谐振天线(Dielectric resonator Antenna，DRA)结构。所述第二天线单元130可以用做手势识别以及感知传感器(sensor)的功能，而不需要占据额外的空间，且天线辐射片121的中心区域挖开孔124对第一天线单元120产生的第一频段和第二频段的影响很小，即第一天线单元120和第二天线单元130共口径。
根据本申请实施例的天线单元，所述天线单元包括地板110、与第一频段和第二频段对应的第一天线单元120、以及与第三频段对应的第二天线单元130，所述第一天线单元120包括天线辐射片121和至少一个第一馈电探针122，所述天线辐射片121与地板110之间填充第一介质材料140，所述第一馈电探针122设置在所述天线辐射片121下的第一介质材料140中，所述天线辐射片121靠近边沿的对称位置开有槽缝123，所述天线辐射片121中心区域开有开孔124，所述第二天线单元130设置在所述开孔124所对应位置。本申请实施例在不增加厚度及天线面积的情况下，形成三频共口径天线单元，满足手机等移动终端外观的需求，且满足毫米波多频段的漫游需求或者感知一体化的需求。
基于上述实施例，所述天线单元100中的第二天线单元130有很多种，在一种实施方式中，如图5所示，所述第二天线单元130由上到下依次包括设置在所述开孔124所对应位置的第一介质材料140中的悬浮金属片131、耦合金属片132和第二馈电探针133，所述悬浮金属片131位于所述开孔124中心位置。
所述第二天线单元130为耦合金属片天线结构，可以设置成双极化，也可以设置成单极化，在一种实施方式中，如图6所示，所述耦合金属片包括两片，且垂直正交放置以形成双极化，即由至少两块耦合金属片形成双极化。
所述悬浮金属片131位于所述天线辐射片1在中心区域挖出的开孔 124的中心位置。在一种实施方式中，如图7所示，所述悬浮金属片131与所述天线辐射片121可以处于同一水平面，也可以不处于同一水平面，即所述悬浮金属片131高于或低于所述天线辐射片121，处此不作具体地限定。
进一步地，所述悬浮金属片的面积小于所述开孔的面积。
根据本申请实施例的天线单元，所述天线单元100的第二天线单元130由包括设置在所述第一介质材料140中的悬浮金属片131、耦合金属片132和第二馈电探针133。本申请实施例在不增加厚度及天线面积的情况下，设置位于开孔124的第二天线单元130，从而形成三频共口径天线单元，满足手机等移动终端外观的需求，且满足毫米波多频段的漫游需求或者感知一体化的需求。
基于上述实施例，如图8和图9所示，在所述第二天线单元130的另一种实施方式中，所述第二天线单元130包括第二介质材料141和第三馈电探针134，所述第二介质材料141的介电常数高于所述第一介质材料140，所述第二介质材料141位于所述开孔124中心位置，并被所述第一介质材料140围绕，所述第三馈电探针134位于所述第二介质材料142内。
所述第二天线单元130为介质谐振天线结构，其对应的第三频段，可覆盖57GHz-64GHz，可用于做手势识别以及感知sensor的功能，而不需要占据额外的空间。
根据本申请实施例的天线单元，所述天线单元100的第二天线单元130包括第二介质材料141和第三馈电探针134，所述第二介质材料141的介电常数高于所述第一介质材料140，所述第二介质材料141替换所述开孔124中心位置的第一介质材料140，所述第三馈电探针134位于所述第二介质材料142内。本申请实施例在不增加厚度及天线面积的情况下，设置位于开孔124的第二天线单元，从而形成三频共口径天线单元，满足手机等移动终端外观的需求，且满足毫米波多频段的漫游需求或者感知一 体化的需求。
基于上述实施例，进一步地，如图10-11所示，本申请实施例的一种电子设备包括：
相控阵模组300和主板400，所述相控阵模组300通过板对板连接器311与主板300相连，所述相控阵模组300包括阵列天线200和柔性电路板(Flexible Printed Circuits，FPC)310，所述柔性电路板310一端与所述阵列天线200相连，另一端设置板对板连接器(Board to Board，BTB)311；其中，所述阵列天线200包括第一数量天线单元100和承载所述天线单元100的介质载板210，所述天线单元100为的如上所述的天线单元100。
所述第一数量可以为4个，也可以是其余数量，在此不作具体地限定。
所述阵列天线200中天线单元100存在多种排列方式，以4个天线单元100为例，可以是如图10所示的1×4，也可以是如图11所示的2×2。
所述FPC的材料可以是液晶高分子聚合物(Liquid Crystal Polymer，LCP)或者改性聚酰亚胺薄膜(Modified Polyimide Film，MPI)或者其它低损耗的材料。FPC的一端连接阵列天线，另一端设置BTB连接器311。所述BTB连接器311可通过表面贴装技术(Surface Mount Technology，SMT)安装在FPC上。
相关技术中将阵列天线、RFIC和PMIC封装在一个模组里面。而本申请实施例中的相控阵模组300则不包括RFIC和PMIC。在将该相控阵模组300置入手机等移动终端内部时，该相控阵模组300上的BTB连接器311与主板上的BTB连接，主板上设置毫米波RFIC。
所述电子设备可以为移动终端，在将该相控阵模组300置入手机等移动终端内部时，该相控阵模组300上的BTB连接器311与主板上的BTB连接，主板上设置毫米波RFIC。该RFIC靠近主板上的BTB放置，以降低路径损耗，主板上设置其余元器件402，整机内部放置电池403等其余部件，如图12所示，所述电子设备还可以包括：玻璃盖板404；显示屏 405；金属中框406；玻璃后盖407。毫米波信号透过玻璃后盖407向外辐射，由于该毫米波天线单元没有采用叠层的结构，降低了天线的厚度，且能实现三频双极化，且没有额外增加天线的面积。根据本申请实施例的电子设备的其他构成例如主板4和显示屏等以及操作对于本领域普通技术人员而言都是已知的，这里不再详细描述。
根据本申请实施例的电子设备，由于该毫米波天线单元没有采用叠层的结构，降低了天线的厚度，满足手机等移动终端外观的需求，且满足毫米波多频段的漫游需求或者感知一体化的需求。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示意性实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本申请的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
尽管已经示出和描述了本申请的实施例，本领域的普通技术人员可以理解：在不脱离本申请的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本申请的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种天线单元，包括：地板、与第一频段和第二频段对应的第一天线单元、以及与第三频段对应的第二天线单元，所述第一天线单元包括天线辐射片和至少一个第一馈电探针，所述天线辐射片与地板之间填充第一介质材料，所述第一馈电探针设置在所述天线辐射片下的第一介质材料中，所述天线辐射片靠近边沿的对称位置开有槽缝，所述天线辐射片中心区域开有开孔，所述第二天线单元设置在所述开孔所对应位置。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的天线单元，其中，所述第一天线单元包括两个第一馈电探针，两个第一馈电探针分别位于所述天线辐射片的两条相互垂直的对称线所对应的位置。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的天线单元，其中，所述第二天线单元包括设置在所述开孔所对应位置的第一介质材料中的悬浮金属片、耦合金属片和第二馈电探针，所述悬浮金属片位于所述开孔中心位置。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的天线单元，其中，所述耦合金属片包括两片，且垂直正交放置以形成双极化。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的天线单元，其中，所述悬浮金属片与所述天线辐射片处于同一水平面。
  6. 根据权利要求1或2所述的天线单元，其中，所述第二天线单元包括第二介质材料和第三馈电探针，所述第二介质材料的介电常数高于所述第一介质材料，所述第二介质材料位于所述开孔中心位置，并被所述第一介质材料围绕，所述第三馈电探针位于所述第二介质材料内。
  7. 根据权利要求1或2所述的天线单元，其中，所述槽缝为U型槽缝。
  8. 根据权利要求1或2所述的天线单元，其中，所述天线辐射片为正方形或圆形。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的天线单元，其中，在所述天线辐射片为正方形的情况下，在所述天线辐射片的四个角开有切角。
  10. 根据权利要求3所述的天线单元，其中，所述悬浮金属片的面积小于所述开孔的面积。
  11. 一种电子设备，包括：
    相控阵模组和主板，所述相控阵模组通过板对板连接器与主板相连，所述相控阵模组包括阵列天线和柔性电路板，所述柔性电路板一端与所述阵列天线相连，另一端设置板对板连接器，所述阵列天线包括第一数量天线和承载所述天线单元的介质载板，所述天线单元为如权利要求1-10任一所述的天线。
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