WO2022262207A1

WO2022262207A1 - High-frequency ultrasonic cutter handle, cutter device, and ultrasonic machine tool

Info

Publication number: WO2022262207A1
Application number: PCT/CN2021/134513
Authority: WO
Inventors: 颜炳姜; 李伟秋
Original assignee: 科益展智能装备有限公司; 汇专科技集团股份有限公司; 科益展智能装备有限公司广州分公司
Priority date: 2021-06-18
Filing date: 2021-11-30
Publication date: 2022-12-22
Also published as: CN113427286B; CN113427286A

Abstract

Disclosed in the present invention is a high-frequency ultrasonic cutter handle, comprising a collet and an amplitude-change pole used for receiving high-frequency mechanical vibration converted by a transducer, which are sequentially connected to the front end of a cutter handle body. A first accommodating cavity is formed in the front end of the cutter handle body, and the collet is detachably connected to the cutter handle body and partially inserted into the first accommodating cavity. A vibration energy blocking structure is provided at a connection part of the collet and the amplitude-change pole, and is used for reducing the high-frequency mechanical vibration transmitted by the amplitude-change pole onto the collet. According to the high-frequency ultrasonic cutter handle, a cutter device, and an ultrasonic machine tool, the structure is simplified and small, the energy loss is low, and the requirement of ultrahigh-frequency vibration can be met.

Description

High-frequency ultrasonic tool handle, tool device and ultrasonic machine tool

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of ultrasonic machining, in particular to a high-frequency ultrasonic tool handle, a tool device and an ultrasonic machine tool.

Background technique

With the development of technology, ultrasonic machining technology is more and more used by people. On the basis of the relative movement between the traditional cutting tool and the workpiece, ultrasonic vibration is applied to the cutting tool or workpiece, through mechanical cutting, high frequency Micro impact and ultrasonic cavitation are used to remove material and obtain better processing performance. Ultrasonic toolholders with ultra-high frequency (above 80-100kHz) are required for ultra-high-speed machine tools (for example, above 6000 rpm), otherwise the frequency of ultrasonic vibration cannot match its linear speed, and it is difficult to guarantee its processing quality, accuracy, efficiency and tool life .

However, the size of the existing ultrasonic toolholders capable of achieving ultra-high frequency vibration energy is large, and it is difficult to achieve ultra-high frequency (above 100kHz, the wavelength is extremely small) vibration. Transducers, cutters and collets are often set in the horn, which causes the diameter of the horn and transducer to be too large, making it difficult to achieve the ideal size. In addition, due to the complex connection and fixing structure between the existing ultrasonic tool handle and the tool and many parts, it is difficult for the ultrasonic power supply to confirm the real resonance frequency, and it will also cause large acoustic impedance, consume high-frequency mechanical vibration energy, and the tool is difficult to To achieve ultra-high frequency vibration, the processing effect is poor. In addition, the complex connection structure increases the length and weight of the entire ultrasonic tool holder, which easily causes problems such as jumping and poor inertia, making it difficult to manufacture ultra-high frequency ultrasonic tool holders in the prior art.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome at least one of the defects in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a high-frequency ultrasonic tool holder, a tool device and an ultrasonic machine tool, which have a compact and compact structure, less energy loss, and can meet the needs of ultra-high frequency vibration .

The purpose of the present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize:

A high-frequency ultrasonic tool holder, comprising: a collet sequentially connected to the front end of the tool handle body and a horn for receiving high-frequency mechanical vibration converted by a transducer; the front end of the tool handle body is provided with a first container The collet is detachably connected to the handle body and is partially inserted into the first accommodating cavity; a vibration energy blocking structure is provided at the connecting part of the collet and the horn , the vibration energy blocking structure is used to reduce the transmission of the high-frequency mechanical vibration transmitted by the horn to the collet.

Further, the vibration frequency of the high-frequency ultrasonic tool holder is 80 kHz to 120 kHz.

Further, the vibration energy blocking structure includes a second accommodating chamber arranged at the front end of the collet, the rear end of the horn is arranged in the second accommodating chamber, and the horn The front end extends out of the second accommodating cavity.

Further, the transducer is arranged at the rear end of the horn and located in the second accommodating cavity.

Further, the horn includes a horn body and a screw installed at the rear end of the horn body, and the transducer is sheathed on the outer periphery of the screw.

Further, the horn body and the screw are arranged coaxially.

Further, the outer diameter of the horn body is larger than the outer diameter of the screw and smaller than the inner diameter of the second accommodating cavity.

Further, the vibration energy blocking structure further includes a support ring, the support ring is arranged on the outer periphery of the middle part of the horn, and the horn is connected to the collet through the support ring, so that the The rear end of the horn and the transducer are suspended in the second accommodating cavity.

Further, the support ring is arranged on the outer periphery of the horn body.

Further, the minimum linear distance of the cross-section of the second accommodating cavity to accommodate the horn portion is greater than twice the amplitude of the horn at a preset high-frequency mechanical vibration frequency.

Further, the shape of the cross-section along the axial direction of the second accommodating cavity matches the structural shape of the horn located in the second accommodating cavity.

Further, the axial section of the screw part accommodated in the second accommodation chamber has a truncated cone shape, and the bottom of the truncated cone shape faces the front end of the horn.

Further, the section in the axial direction of the part connected to the frustum-shaped bottom in the second accommodation cavity is rectangular, and the distance perpendicular to the axis of the frustum-shaped bottom in the second accommodation cavity is greater than that of the rectangle. The distance perpendicular to the axis.

Further, the frustum-shaped part and the rectangular part in the second accommodating cavity are arranged coaxially.

Further, the outer peripheral surface of the support ring is provided with a stepped surface on which the front end surface of the collet fits, and the stepped surface and the collet are welded to each other.

Further, a first conductive part is provided in the first accommodating cavity of the handle body, a second conductive part is provided on the collet, and the first conductive part and the second conductive part are electrically contacted. connection; the second conductive part is electrically connected with the transducer by means of a conductive wire.

Further, the first conductive part is arranged inside the rear end of the first accommodating cavity, the second conductive part is arranged outside the rear end of the collet, and the first conductive part and the second conductive part The two conductive parts are in elastic contact.

Further, the collet is connected to the handle body through a thread structure.

Further, it also includes a screw sleeve with an internal thread, and an external thread matching the internal thread is provided on the outside of the handle body; the screw sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the handle body and the collet, and the internal thread Screwed with the external thread; the front end of the screw sleeve has a locking position, and the locking position is abutted against the front end of the collet, so that the collet is pressed against the first accommodating cavity middle.

Further, the outside of the rear end of the collet has a first conical surface, the outside of the front end of the collet has a second conical surface, the inner wall of the first accommodating cavity has a third conical surface, and the locking position The inner side has a fourth conical surface, the first conical surface and the third conical surface are in coaxial contact, and the second conical surface and the fourth conical surface are coaxial in contact; the first conical surface, the second conical surface The surface and the horn are coaxial.

A high-frequency ultrasonic tool device includes a tool and the high-frequency ultrasonic tool handle, the high-frequency ultrasonic tool handle includes a horn, and the front end of the horn is coaxially connected with the rear end of the tool.

Further, the maximum value of the diameter of the transducer, the diameter of the horn body and the diameter of the tool is 0.2 to 0.3 times the wavelength corresponding to the vibration frequency of the high-frequency ultrasonic tool handle, and the The length of the support ring from the front end of the tool is 0.7 to 0.8 times the wavelength corresponding to the vibration frequency of the high-frequency ultrasonic tool holder.

Further, the cutter is connected to the horn by welding.

An ultrasonic machine tool includes a machine tool body, a main shaft arranged on the main body, and the high-frequency ultrasonic tool device, and the high-frequency ultrasonic tool device is connected to the main shaft.

1. For the high-frequency ultrasonic tool holder in this application, the position of the connection between the collet and the horn is changed, and the collet is detachably connected to the body of the tool handle, so that the collet fixes the horn and forms an integral body with it , when a tool is installed at the front end of the horn and needs to be disassembled and replaced, the collet, horn and tool can be removed as a whole by using the detachable connection between the collet and the tool handle body. Since the tool does not need to be disassembled repeatedly, Therefore, the installation of the tool is more stable and the precision is higher. At the same time, the energy blocking structure connected between the collet and the horn can reduce the transmission of high-frequency vibration energy on the horn to other structures, so that the main energy of high-frequency vibration can be transmitted to the front end of the horn, thereby It enables the tool to obtain high-frequency ultrasonic vibration. The energy loss in the transmission process of high-frequency mechanical vibration is reduced.

2. In the high-frequency ultrasonic tool holder of this application, by setting the second accommodation cavity inside the collet, the rear end of the horn can be placed in the second accommodation cavity, and then the horn receives high-frequency mechanical vibration , it will not be in contact with the collet, which reduces the friction between the horn and the collet, thereby reducing the loss of high-frequency mechanical vibration energy on the horn, so that most of the energy of the high-frequency mechanical vibration on the horn can be It is transmitted to the front end of the horn, and the energy is transmitted to the tool to ensure the high-frequency vibration of the tool. Since the horn is set inside the collet, it does not need to be directly connected with the tool handle body, which greatly reduces the size of the horn, which is not easy to cause jumping and has good inertia, and also reduces the difficulty of searching for ultrasonic power. .

3. In this application, the high-frequency ultrasonic tool handle, by setting a support ring in the middle of the horn, the rear end of the horn and the transducer at the rear end of the horn can be stably suspended in the second accommodating cavity, thereby avoiding the During the transmission of high-frequency vibration by the horn, friction occurs between the horn and the collet. At the same time, the horn can use the position of the support ring as the base point of high-frequency mechanical vibration to transmit high-frequency mechanical vibration to the front end of the horn. And it can further reduce the transmission of high-frequency mechanical vibration energy transmitted by the horn to the collet and structures other than the collet, thereby reducing the energy loss of high-frequency mechanical vibration, so that most of the energy of high-frequency mechanical vibration can be transmitted to the The front end of the horn is transmitted to the cutting tool to ensure the high vibration frequency of the cutting tool. At the same time, the transducer is arranged at the rear end of the horn and accommodated in the second accommodating cavity, which reduces the complexity of the structural parts behind the transducer, further reduces the difficulty of frequency search by the ultrasonic power supply, and at the same time the acoustic impedance will not Excessive increase reduces energy consumption.

4. In the high-frequency ultrasonic cutter device in this application, the rear end face of the cutter is coaxially connected with the front face of the horn, instead of a structure in which the horn is sleeved outside the cutter, which enables the diameter of the horn to be greatly reduced. Small size, not only reduces the difficulty of ultrasonic power source frequency search, but also when the vibration is transmitted to the tool through the horn, no energy will be lost due to the friction interference between the tool and the jacket parts; the simplified structure facilitates the reduction of the transducer , the diameter of the horn and the tool, so that it can meet the small size requirements of higher frequency vibrations on the diameter, it is not easy to cause jumping and the inertia is good, and the effect of high frequency vibration can be achieved.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a high-frequency ultrasonic knife handle of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the explosion schematic diagram of a kind of high-frequency ultrasonic handle of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a high-frequency ultrasonic knife handle of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a vibration amplitude modal distribution diagram when a high-frequency ultrasonic tool holder of the present invention vibrates;

Fig. 5 is the modal distribution diagram of the vibration amplitude when the high-frequency ultrasonic tool holder vibrates in the prior art;

Among them, 1-knife handle body, 11-first accommodating cavity, 12-first conductive part, 2-collet, 21-second accommodating cavity, 22-second conductive part, 23-first conical surface, 24-second conical surface, 3-transducer, 4-horn, 41-support ring, 411-step surface, 42-screw, 43-horn body, 5-tool, 6-screw sleeve, 61 -Clamping position, 611-the fourth conical surface.

detailed description

Below, the present invention will be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. It should be noted that, under the premise of not conflicting, the various embodiments described below or the technical features can be combined arbitrarily to form new embodiments. .

In the description of this application, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", The orientations or positional relationships indicated by "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying References to devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed, and operate in a particular orientation and therefore should not be construed as limiting the application. Wherein, "front" refers to the end close to the workpiece when the high-frequency ultrasonic toolholder in this embodiment is used for processing, and "rear" refers to the end away from the workpiece.

The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being “fixed” to another element, it can be directly on the other element, or there can also be an intervening element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may be present.

Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the technical field of the invention. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only, and is not intended to limit the present invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

Figures 1 to 3 show a high-frequency ultrasonic tool holder of the present invention, including a collet 2 sequentially connected to the rear end of the tool holder body 1 and a horn 4 for receiving the high-frequency mechanical vibration converted by the transducer 3 The front end of the handle body 1 is provided with a first accommodating chamber 11, the collet 2 is detachably connected with the handle body 1 and partially inserted in the first accommodating chamber 11; in order to reduce The horn 4 transmits the vibration energy loss during the process of high-frequency mechanical vibration, and a vibration energy blocking structure is provided at the connecting part between the collet 2 and the horn 4 . Considering that the high-frequency ultrasonic tool holder in this embodiment is especially suitable for ultra-high-frequency vibration, when the vibration amplitude is larger, the diameters of the transducer 3, the horn 4 and the tool 5 need to be smaller, and the tool holder body 1 It needs to be installed and manufactured in conjunction with machine tools, etc., and its size is difficult to change. Then, when the transducer 3 and the horn 4 with a smaller diameter are installed on the tool holder body 1 of the original size, it will not match and it will be difficult to install Case. If the transducer 3 and the horn 4 are simply connected through a general thread structure, on the one hand, it is difficult to ensure the centering accuracy, which brings difficulties to the installation; on the other hand, due to the excessive energy of the high-frequency vibration, the transducer 3 If there is no suitable structure to block the energy transmission between it and the tool handle body 1, the transducer 3 and the horn 4 can be easily vibrated and separated from the tool handle body 1 during the vibration process. If the transducer 3 and the horn 4 are directly welded to the tool holder body 1 for structural stability, when the transducer 3, the horn 4 or the cutter 5 need to be replaced, the entire high-frequency ultrasonic tool holder needs to be replaced, and the cost will become extremely high.

In order to solve the above problems, the present application has exchanged the position where the collet 2 and the horn 4 are connected, and the collet 2 is detachably connected to the handle body 1, and then a cutter 5 is provided at the front end of the horn 4 and needs to be disassembled. When replacing, by utilizing the detachable connection between the collet 2 and the handle body 1, it is not necessary to disassemble the cutter 5, the horn 4 and the collet 2 in sequence, that is, the collet 2, the horn 4 and the cutter 5 can be Disassemble as a whole, avoid multiple and repeated disassembly. Since the tool does not need to be disassembled repeatedly, the installation of the tool is more stable and the precision is higher.

In addition, in order to allow the high-frequency mechanical vibration transmitted by the horn 4 to be transmitted to the front end of the horn 4, the energy blocking structure connected between the collet 2 and the horn 4 can reduce the high-frequency vibration on the horn 4. The vibration energy is transmitted to other structures, thereby enabling the tool 5 to obtain high-frequency ultrasonic vibration, and reducing energy loss during transmission of high-frequency mechanical vibration. Optionally, the vibration energy blocking structure is used to reduce the transmission of the high-frequency mechanical vibration transmitted by the horn 4 to the collet, so that the high-frequency mechanical vibration energy is mainly concentrated on the horn and sent to the horn 4 The transmission of the front end ensures the high-frequency ultrasonic vibration of the tool.

In an embodiment provided by the present application, the vibration frequency of the high-frequency ultrasonic tool holder is 80 kHz to 120 kHz. It is difficult for the existing general ultrasonic handle to reach this level. Due to the adoption of the above-mentioned solution in this embodiment, on the one hand, the size of the transducer and the horn can be greatly reduced, making high-frequency vibration possible; on the other hand, the same Constructing an energy blocking structure enables most of the energy of the transducer 3 to be transmitted to the tool 5 instead of being transmitted to the tool handle body 1 to cause energy waste. In addition, the connection structure between the components is more concise and the energy Lower losses make it ideal for ultra-high frequency vibrations in the 80kHz to 120kHz range, and even more so above 100kHz.

In an embodiment provided by the present application, the front end of the handle body 1 is provided with a first accommodating cavity 11 for accommodating and installing the transducer 3 and the horn 4; the collet 2 and the handle body 1 can be Detachable connection, and the collet 2 is partially inserted into the first accommodation cavity 11 to facilitate the connection between the collet 2 and the handle body 1, the front end of the collet 2 is provided with a second accommodation cavity 21, and the vibration energy The blocking structure includes a second accommodating cavity 21. The rear end of the horn 4 is set in the second accommodating cavity 21, and the front end of the horn 4 protrudes forward from the second accommodating cavity 21, thereby reducing the The structure size of the horn 4 and the rear end of the horn 4 are located in the second accommodating cavity 21 shorten the extended dimension of the horn 4 and reduce the size of the entire tool handle structure. The horn 4 in this embodiment is preferably a one-piece structure, which is processed in one-piece molding to minimize the number of parts and contact surfaces, which is convenient for reducing the diameter size, and is also beneficial for frequency search and energy loss; the transducer 3 is installed on the rear end of the horn 4 and set in the second accommodation cavity 21, so that the horn 4 can directly receive the high-frequency mechanical vibration converted by the transducer 3, and transmit the high-frequency mechanical vibration to the transducer The front end of the rod. In addition, the horn 4 may also be a structure in which a plurality of components are combined with each other. At this time, the horn 4 may be connected and fixed by various connection methods such as threaded connection and clamping. The preferred solution of the horn in this embodiment is: the front end of the horn 4 includes a horn body 43 and a screw rod 42 installed on the rear end of the horn body 43, the transducer 3 includes an annular piezoelectric vibrator, The electric vibrator is sleeved on the outer periphery of the screw rod 42 for directly receiving the energy provided by the transducer 3; the front end of the screw rod 42 is connected to the rear end of the horn body 43, and a support ring 41 is arranged outside the front end of the horn body 43; The outer diameter of the rod body 43 is larger than the outer diameter of the screw 42 and smaller than the inner diameter of the second accommodating cavity 21, and the outer diameter of the horn body 43 is larger than the outer diameter of the screw 42 mainly to gather energy and increase The large vibration amplitude, which is smaller than the inner diameter of the second accommodating cavity 21 , is to prevent the collet 2 from hitting the collet 2 during vibration, causing energy loss. More specifically, the horn 4 body includes a straight section with a constant diameter and a tapered section that becomes smaller from the straight section toward the support ring below, so that the diameter of the entire horn is thick in the middle and thin at both ends. And the thickest part in the middle is located in the second accommodating chamber, so that the part with the greatest vibration is in an internal suspension state.

In order to transmit the vibration of the horn 4 to the tool 5 better, the vibration energy blocking structure also includes a support ring 41, the support ring 41 is arranged on the outer periphery of the middle part of the horn 4, and the horn 4 passes through the support ring 41 It is connected with the collet 2 so that the front end of the horn 4 and the transducer 3 are suspended in the second accommodating cavity 21 . On the one hand, the support ring 41 is used to fix the horn 4 to the collet 2, and on the other hand, it suspends the front end of the horn 4 and the transducer 3 to avoid contact with the collet 2. The support ring 41 The front end of the horn supports the tool 5, and when the transducer 3 vibrates, the entire horn 4 can use the support ring 41 as the base point of the minimum vibration amplitude to transmit vibration to the tool 5 at the front end, and the internal transducer 3 will not be affected by the The impact on the collet 2 reduces the energy, and the utilization of the vibration energy is maximized, which is beneficial to realize high-frequency vibration.

In addition to the above structure, the present application also provides an embodiment, in which the elastic buffer material is filled in the second accommodation cavity 21 of the collet 2, when the transducer 3 and the horn 4 are supported by the support ring 41 on the second When it is accommodated in the cavity 21 , it is not in a suspended state, but is wrapped by an elastic buffer material, so as to buffer and block vibration energy from being transmitted to the handle body 1 . Compared with a completely suspended structure, this structure can elastically push back the transducer 3 and the horn 4, which is beneficial to further increase the vibration frequency.

In an embodiment provided by the present application, the minimum linear distance of the cross section of the second accommodating cavity 21 to accommodate the part of the horn 4 is greater than that of the horn 4 at a preset high-frequency mechanical vibration frequency 2 times the amplitude, so that the rear end of the horn 4 will not rub against the second accommodation cavity 21 of the collet 2 during the vibration transmission process, and will not generate heat due to friction, thereby reducing energy loss. In order to reduce the energy loss to the greatest extent, when the transducer 3 is arranged at the rear end of the horn 4, the transducer 3 will also vibrate at the same time when the horn 4 receives high-frequency mechanical vibration. The minimum linear distance of the cross-section of the second accommodation cavity 21 to accommodate the horn part is greater than twice the amplitude of the transducer 3 at the preset high-frequency mechanical vibration frequency, so as to avoid contact with the second accommodation cavity when the transducer 3 vibrates 21 inner walls generate friction. It should be noted that the vibration amplitude is the vibration amplitude above and below the axis of the horn 4 .

In order to ensure that the inner wall of the second accommodating cavity 21 does not rub against the inner wall of the transducer 3 when the horn 4 vibrates, the shape of the cross section of the second accommodating cavity 21 along the axial direction is the same as that of the horn 4. The structural shape of the second accommodating cavity 21 is matched, and at the same time, it is also possible to avoid setting up an oversized second accommodating cavity 21 inside the collet 2 to ensure the stability, rigidity and strength of the collet 2 structure.

In one embodiment, in order to further avoid the internal size of the second accommodation chamber 21 from being too large, the rear end of the horn 4 is provided with a screw 42 with a diameter smaller than that of the horn body 43, and the second accommodation chamber 21 accommodates The section of the screw 42 along the axial direction is a truncated cone, and the bottom of the truncated cone faces the front end of the horn 4, so that the inner shape of the second accommodating cavity can match the outer shape of the collet, ensuring that the collet clamp the stability of each structure, and at the same time enable the horn 4 and the transducer 3 to be suspended in the second accommodation cavity 21, and the second accommodation cavity 21 also has the vibration of the horn 4 and the transducer 3 space.

In an optional embodiment, the section of the second accommodating cavity 21 connected to the frustum-shaped bottom is rectangular in axial cross-section, and the portion of the second accommodating cavity 21 that is connected to the truncated The distance perpendicular to the axis is greater than the distance of the rectangle perpendicular to the axis, which simplifies the operation of opening the second accommodation cavity 21 of the collet 2 and facilitates the lamination or interference fit of this part with the outer peripheral surface of the support ring 41 . The frustum-shaped part and the rectangular part in the second accommodating cavity 21 are arranged coaxially. Since the structures of the horn 4 are arranged coaxially, the horn is more convenient to be installed in the second accommodation cavity 21, and the parts suspended in the air from the horn 4 will not contact the inner wall of the second accommodation cavity 21 , and ensure the vibration space of each part of the horn 4, and also facilitate the processing of the second accommodating cavity 21.

In order to further simplify the connection structure between the horn 4 and the collet 2 and reduce the relatively movable contact surface, the outer side of the support ring 41 has a stepped surface 411, which is engaged with the front edge of the collet 2, and the stepped surface 411 and the collet 2 are welded to each other, wherein the stepped surface 411 makes the supporting force position closer to the inner area, which can better maintain the stability of the supporting ring 41 during vibration and reduce the vibration amplitude; the integral connection is preferably welding.

Since this embodiment adopts the overall detachable structure of the collet 2, the transducer 3, the horn 4 and the tool 5, and the transducer 3 needs power supply, in the circuit connection structure, the first capacity of the tool handle body 1 The rear end of the cavity 11 is provided with a first conductive part 12, and the rear end of the collet 2 is provided with a second conductive part 22, and the first conductive part 12 is electrically connected with the second conductive part 22; The transducers 3 are electrically connected by conductive wires, and the two ends of the conductors are respectively welded on the second conductive part 22 and the transducers 3 (not shown in the figure), so that the connection between the handle body 1 and the transducers 3 The circuit is conducted, and the detachable contact-type electrical connection structure between the handle body 1 and the collet 2 is convenient for repeated replacement and installation; the deformation of the wire between the second conductive part 22 and the transducer 3 can avoid Vibration of the transducer 3 is limited, and the transducer 3 can maintain electrical connection with the second conductive part 22 even when vibrating.

Specifically, the first conductive part 12 is arranged inside the rear end of the first accommodating cavity 11, the second conductive part 22 is arranged outside the rear end of the collet 2, and the first conductive part 12 is in elastic contact with the second conductive part 22. When the collet 2 is installed in the first accommodating cavity 11 , the first conductive part 12 is in contact with the second conductive part 22 and electrically conducts, and the elasticity is used to maintain a good contact. In one embodiment, the rear end of the collet 2 is provided with a sleeve that communicates with the second accommodating cavity 21, the sleeve is made of non-conductive material, and the sleeve is provided with a through hole for installing the second conductive part, and the through hole is connected with the second accommodating cavity. The two accommodating cavities 21 communicate, so that when one end of the conductive wire is welded to the transducer 3 , the other end of the conductive wire can be welded to the second conductive portion 22 through the through hole. Wherein, the second conductive part 22 and the first conductive part 21 are connected to the positive pole, and the shell of the tool handle body 1 is provided with a negative pole, so as to facilitate the transmission of high-frequency electric energy signals to the transducer.

On the connecting structure of the collet 2 and the handle body 1, various detachable structures can be used, such as thread or buckle structure, etc., and the present embodiment is preferably connected by a thread structure, and the thread structure is easy to disassemble. With strong stability and other advantages, it is suitable for use in ultrasonic toolholders that require high-frequency vibration.

Specifically, the thread structure includes a threaded sleeve 6, which is ring-shaped and provided with internal threads. The front end of the threaded sleeve 6 has a snap-in position 61; Sleeved on the handle body 1 and the collet 2, the internal thread and the external thread are screwed together, and the clamping position 61 is in contact with the front end of the collet 2, and the collet 2 is pressed tightly in the first accommodating cavity, thereby realizing the collet The connection between the clip 2 and the tool handle body 1 is fixed. This connection scheme not only ensures stable installation, but also does not increase the overall size of the transducer 3, the horn 4 and the tool 5, which is conducive to obtaining a good vibration amplitude.

In order to reduce the difficulty of installation and the coaxiality error caused by installation, the outside of the rear end of the collet 2 has a first conical surface 23, the outside of the front end of the collet 2 has a second conical surface 24, and the inner wall of the first accommodating cavity 11 has a first conical surface. Three conical surfaces 13, the inner side of the clamping position 61 has a fourth conical surface 611, the first conical surface 23 and the third conical surface 13 are in coaxial contact, the second conical surface 24 and the fourth conical surface 611 are coaxial in contact, The first conical surface 23, the second conical surface 24, the horn 4 and the tool 5 are coaxial. Due to the special shape of the conical surface, when the two conical surfaces are in contact with each other and pushed inward to the point where they cannot be pushed, it can be judged to be installed in place. No interference fit is required, and disassembly is very simple. At the same time, the installation between the collet 2 and the tool handle can be ensured. The coaxiality makes the force on all angles uniform, and the vibration is more stable.

Based on the above-mentioned embodiments, the embodiment of the present application also provides a high-frequency ultrasonic tool device, including a tool 5 and a high-frequency ultrasonic tool holder according to any embodiment of the application, and the high-frequency ultrasonic tool holder includes a horn 4. The front end of the horn 4 is coaxially connected with the cutter 5 . The rear end face of the cutter 5 is coaxially connected with the front end face of the horn 4 instead of the structure in which the horn 4 is sleeved outside the cutter 5, which enables the diameter of the horn to be greatly reduced, which not only reduces the ultrasonic power The difficulty of frequency search, and when the vibration is transmitted to the tool 5 through the horn 4, the energy that should have formed the vibration will not be lost as heat due to the friction interference between the tool 5 and the jacket components. It is beneficial to the high energy output of the tool 5, but also makes the temperature of the entire ultrasonic tool handle too high, and even needs to be equipped with corresponding cooling measures, and the structure will be more complicated. Therefore, the ultrasonic tool holder in this embodiment can greatly reduce the diameters of the transducer 3, the horn 4 and the tool 5 by adopting a simplified structure and a high percentage of energy transmission, so as to meet the requirements of higher frequency vibrations for small diameters. Requirements, not easy to cause beating and good inertia, to achieve the effect of high-frequency vibration. In addition, if the tool 5 is directly welded and integrated with the horn 4 protruding from the second accommodating chamber 21 of the collet 2, the fixing of the tool 5 no longer needs to be sheathed with any parts, which further ensures efficient utilization of energy. Avoid energy loss. Other structures that can realize the connection between the two without auxiliary parts are not listed one by one.

Considering the impact of size on the working state of the ultrasonic tool holder, the maximum value of the diameter of the transducer 3, the diameter of the horn body 43 (except the diameter of the support ring) and the diameter of the tool 5 in this embodiment is preferably The vibration frequency of the high-frequency ultrasonic tool holder is 0.2 to 0.3 times the corresponding wavelength, preferably 0.25 times, that is, a quarter. The diameter of this size is a good working size of the ultrasonic machining system and can achieve a good amplitude.

In order to maximize the amplitude of the end of the tool 5, the length of the support ring 41 in the present embodiment from the end of the tool 5 is 0.7 to 0.8 times the wavelength corresponding to the vibration frequency of the high-frequency ultrasonic handle, preferably 0.75 times, that is, three-quarters. Accompanying drawing 4 is the modal distribution diagram of the vibration amplitude when the ultrasonic tool holder vibrates in this embodiment, and the different shades of colors represent different vibration amplitudes. It can be seen from the figure that the horn 4 where the support ring 41 is located is fixed by the collet 2, so the amplitude is the smallest (close to 0), which can be regarded as the origin; and the end of the tool 5 is just about four feet away from the support ring 41 Three-thirds of the wavelength is just the position with the largest amplitude (about 571), therefore, when the end of the tool 5 with the largest amplitude acts on the workpiece to be processed, the best processing effect can be obtained, with 80kHz to The ultra-high frequency of 120kHz can quickly process the workpiece to the required degree; it can also be seen from the figure that through the scheme in this embodiment, the vibration amplitude of the horn 4 and the transducer 3 suspended inside the second cavity Compared with the cutter 5, it is greatly reduced, and most of the energy has been transferred to the cutter 5, so that the mechanical vibration amplitude at the front end of the horn 4 is greater than that at the middle and rear ends of the horn 4 .

Figure 5 is a simulation diagram of the prior art where the horn is connected to the tool handle body and the collet is sleeved on the horn. It can be seen from Figure 5 that at a vibration frequency of more than 90,000 Hz close to 100,000 Hz, the same The tool handle body, collet, and nut connected by the horn all have vibration energy distribution, and the d' and a' positions where the transducer contacts the tool handle body are basically in a state of medium amplitude, which leads to the energy accumulated by the tool small, the vibration amplitude of the tool is small, and high-frequency vibration cannot be achieved; in addition, from the perspective of the energy distribution on the tool, the position b' is the position with the smallest amplitude, which is equivalent to the origin, while the long section of the end of the tool is at The position of the next largest amplitude makes the end of the tool not the area with the largest amplitude and the most concentrated energy, making it difficult to achieve the highest processing efficiency. By comparing with Fig. 4, which shows an embodiment of the present application, it can be seen that at a vibration frequency of 100,000 Hz, the accumulated energy at the front end of the horn is higher, so that the vibration amplitude at the front end of the horn is the largest , so that the vibration amplitude of the tool connected with the horn reaches the maximum. Therefore, the high-frequency ultrasonic tool device in this embodiment has a huge efficiency advantage in the high-energy transmission of high-frequency vibration; moreover, the life of the tool 5 is prolonged, and the quality and precision of the workpiece can also be improved. In Figure 4, the amplitude of the horn at a is the smallest; the b of the cutter is at the half wavelength, and the vibration amplitude is the smallest; the c is at the three-quarter wavelength, and the vibration amplitude is the largest.

The embodiment of the present application also provides an ultrasonic machine tool, including a machine tool body, a main shaft disposed on the main body, and a high-frequency ultrasonic tool device connected to the main shaft. Compared with the prior art, the ultrasonic machine tool in this application,

The position of the connection between the collet 2 and the horn 4 is exchanged, and the collet 2 is detachably connected to the handle body 1, and then when the tool 5 is provided at the front end of the horn 4 and needs to be disassembled and replaced, the collet 2 can be used to The detachable connection with the tool handle body 1 does not need to disassemble the tool 5, horn 4 and collet 2 sequentially, that is, the collet 2, horn 4 and tool 5 can be removed as a whole, avoiding multiple times and repeated disassembly. Since the tool does not need to be disassembled repeatedly, the installation of the tool is more stable and the precision is higher. In addition, in order to allow the high-frequency mechanical vibration transmitted by the horn 4 to be transmitted to the front end of the horn 4, the energy blocking structure connected between the collet 2 and the horn 4 can reduce the high-frequency vibration on the horn 4. The vibration energy is transmitted to other structures, thereby enabling the tool 5 to obtain high-frequency ultrasonic vibration, reducing the energy loss of high-frequency mechanical vibration during the transmission process, and simplifying the structure, thereby meeting the requirements of higher frequency vibration for small diameters Requirements, not easy to cause beating and good inertia, to achieve the effect of high-frequency vibration.

The above-mentioned embodiment is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any insubstantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention. Scope of protection claimed.

Claims

A high-frequency ultrasonic tool holder, characterized in that it includes: a collet connected in turn to the front end of the tool handle body and a horn for receiving high-frequency mechanical vibration converted by a transducer; the front end of the tool handle body is opened There is a first accommodating cavity, the collet is detachably connected with the handle body and partially inserted in the first accommodating cavity; a vibration device is provided at the connection part between the collet and the horn An energy blocking structure, the vibration energy blocking structure is used to reduce the transmission of the high-frequency mechanical vibration transmitted by the horn to the collet.
The high-frequency ultrasonic tool holder according to claim 1, wherein the natural vibration frequency of the high-frequency ultrasonic tool holder is 80 kHz to 120 kHz.
The high-frequency ultrasonic tool holder according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the vibration energy blocking structure includes a second accommodating cavity arranged at the front end of the collet, and the rear end of the horn Located in the second accommodating cavity, the front end of the horn extends out of the second accommodating cavity.
The high-frequency ultrasonic tool holder according to claim 3, wherein the transducer is arranged at the rear end of the horn and is located in the second accommodating cavity.
The high-frequency ultrasonic tool holder according to claim 3, wherein the horn includes a horn body and a screw rod installed at the rear end of the horn body, and the transducer is sleeved on the horn body. the periphery of the screw.
The high-frequency ultrasonic tool holder according to claim 5, wherein the horn body and the screw rod are coaxially arranged.
The high-frequency ultrasonic tool holder according to claim 5, wherein the outer diameter of the horn body is larger than the outer diameter of the screw rod and smaller than the inner diameter of the second accommodating cavity.
The high-frequency ultrasonic tool holder according to claim 3, wherein the vibration energy blocking structure further comprises a support ring, the support ring is arranged on the outer periphery of the middle part of the horn, and the horn passes through The support ring is connected with the collet, so that the rear end of the horn and the transducer are suspended in the second accommodating cavity.
The high-frequency ultrasonic tool holder according to claim 8, wherein the support ring is arranged on the outer periphery of the horn body.
The high-frequency ultrasonic tool holder according to claim 3, wherein the minimum straight-line distance of the cross-section of the second accommodating cavity for the horn part is greater than that of the horn at the preset high-frequency mechanical 2 times the amplitude at the vibration frequency.
The high-frequency ultrasonic tool holder according to claim 3, wherein the shape of the axial cross-section of the second accommodation cavity is similar to the structural shape of the horn in the second accommodation cavity. match.
The high-frequency ultrasonic tool holder according to claim 5, wherein the axial cross section of the screw rod portion accommodated in the second accommodating cavity is in the shape of a truncated cone, and the bottom of the truncated cone faces the amplitude front end of the rod.
The high-frequency ultrasonic tool holder according to claim 12, characterized in that, the section in the axial direction of the part connected to the bottom of the truncated cone in the second accommodation cavity is rectangular, and the second accommodation cavity The distance perpendicular to the axis of the frustum-shaped bottom is greater than the distance perpendicular to the axis of the rectangle.
The high-frequency ultrasonic tool holder according to claim 12, characterized in that, the frustum-shaped part and the rectangular part in the second accommodating cavity are arranged coaxially.
The high-frequency ultrasonic tool handle according to claim 8, wherein the outer peripheral surface of the support ring is provided with a stepped surface that fits with the front end surface of the collet, and the stepped surface is in contact with the collet welding.
The high-frequency ultrasonic tool holder according to claim 1, wherein a first conductive part is provided in the first accommodating cavity, a second conductive part is provided on the collet, and the first conductive part It is electrically connected in contact with the second conductive part; the second conductive part is electrically connected with the transducer using a conductive wire.
The high-frequency ultrasonic tool handle according to claim 16, wherein the first conductive part is arranged on the inner side of the rear end of the first accommodation cavity, and the second conductive part is arranged on the inner side of the collet Outside the rear end, the first conductive part is in elastic contact with the second conductive part.
The high-frequency ultrasonic tool holder according to claim 1, further comprising a screw sleeve with an internal thread, and an external thread matching the internal thread is provided on the outside of the tool handle body; the screw sleeve is sleeved on the Outside the handle body and the collet, the internal thread is screwed with the external thread; the front end of the screw sleeve has a snap-in position, and the snap-in position is abutted against the front end of the collet, so that the The collet is pressed tightly in the first accommodating chamber.
The high-frequency ultrasonic tool holder according to claim 18, wherein the outside of the rear end of the collet has a first conical surface, the outside of the front end of the collet has a second conical surface, and the first accommodating The inner wall of the cavity has a third conical surface, the inner side of the clamping position has a fourth conical surface, the first conical surface and the third conical surface are in coaxial contact, and the second conical surface and the fourth conical surface are coaxial Axis contact; the first conical surface, the second conical surface, and the horn are coaxial.
A high-frequency ultrasonic tool device, characterized in that it includes a tool and the high-frequency ultrasonic tool holder according to any one of claims 1 to 19, the high-frequency ultrasonic tool holder includes a horn, and the horn The front end is coaxially connected with the rear end of the tool.
The high-frequency ultrasonic tool device according to claim 20, wherein the maximum value among the diameter of the transducer, the diameter of the horn body and the diameter of the tool is the maximum value of the high-frequency ultrasonic tool handle 0.2 to 0.3 times the wavelength corresponding to the vibration frequency of the tool holder, and the distance between the support ring and the front end of the tool is 0.7 to 0.8 times the wavelength corresponding to the vibration frequency of the high frequency ultrasonic tool handle.
The high-frequency ultrasonic cutter device according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that the cutter and the horn are connected by welding.
An ultrasonic machine tool, characterized in that it comprises a machine tool body, a main shaft arranged on the main body, and the high-frequency ultrasonic tool device according to any one of claims 20 to 22, the high-frequency ultrasonic tool device and the main shaft connect.