WO2022262103A1 - Microcapsule having both infrared and radar stealth, preparation method therefor and application thereof - Google Patents

Microcapsule having both infrared and radar stealth, preparation method therefor and application thereof Download PDF

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WO2022262103A1
WO2022262103A1 PCT/CN2021/112680 CN2021112680W WO2022262103A1 WO 2022262103 A1 WO2022262103 A1 WO 2022262103A1 CN 2021112680 W CN2021112680 W CN 2021112680W WO 2022262103 A1 WO2022262103 A1 WO 2022262103A1
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infrared
parts
solution
microcapsule
radar stealth
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PCT/CN2021/112680
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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叶伟
张杏
孙启龙
龙啸云
高强
季涛
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南通大学
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J13/00—Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
    • B01J13/02—Making microcapsules or microballoons

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  • the invention belongs to the technical field of material engineering, and in particular relates to a microcapsule with both infrared and radar stealth and its preparation method and application.
  • Nano-ferric oxide, graphene oxide and ferric oxide-intercalated graphene oxide have a strong electromagnetic wave absorption effect, but when used with infrared stealth materials such as copper and aluminum, there are defects in the performance of mutual influence, which limits It has promoted the development of infrared and radar stealth integrated materials.
  • Some polymer phase change materials can effectively solve this problem.
  • Paraffin wax is a phase change material with low cost, good wave permeability, large phase change latent heat, and wide phase change temperature range.
  • carbon black, graphene, etc. have good compatibility, and infrared and radar stealth materials with excellent performance can be prepared through suitable processes, but there is obviously a lack of corresponding technologies in the prior art.
  • Patent application CN106147720A discloses a low-emissivity, multi-phase-change point infrared phase-change microcapsule and its preparation method. Although the patent application also uses paraffin to prepare infrared phase-change microcapsule material, the material prepared by the present invention has both The electromagnetic wave absorption function and the final microcapsule molding method are very different.
  • Patent application CN101870861A discloses an infrared magnetic phase change material and its preparation method, which describes a method for preparing an infrared magnetic phase change material using paraffin, ferrite, polyaniline and other materials, but its preparation process is complicated and the final The disadvantage of a single product molding method.
  • the present invention provides a microcapsule with both infrared and radar stealth and its preparation method and application.
  • Microcapsule technology is used to coat paraffin and nano wave absorbing agent to prepare infrared and radar stealth microcapsules.
  • Functional materials are then sprayed on the surface of military targets that need to be camouflaged, such as construction fortifications and tanks, to achieve the purpose of stealth.
  • the product has broad application prospects.
  • a microcapsule with both infrared and radar stealth comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-10 parts of polyacrylonitrile, polyurethane or a mixture of both, 27 parts of dimethylformamide, 3-6 parts of paraffin, 0.5-2.5 Parts of electromagnetic wave absorber, 0.1 part of hydroxycellulose, 10 parts of deionized water.
  • the electromagnetic wave absorber is one or more of nanoscale few-layer graphene oxide, ferric oxide, and ferric oxide intercalated graphene.
  • a method for preparing microcapsules with both infrared and radar stealth comprising the following steps:
  • Step 1) Dissolve 8-10 parts of polyacrylonitrile, polyurethane or a mixture of the two into 15 parts of dimethylformamide solvent to prepare solution S1;
  • Step 2 Add 3-6 parts of paraffin, 0.5-2.5 parts of electromagnetic wave absorber, and 0.1 part of hydroxycellulose into 10 parts of dimethylformamide solvent, fully stir and emulsify, and prepare solution S2;
  • Step 3 adding the S2 solution into the S1 solution, wherein the volume ratio of the S1 solution to the S2 solution is 1:1, and fully stirring to obtain a mixed solution S3;
  • Step 4) dissolving 2 parts of dimethylformamide into 10 parts of deionized water to prepare solution S4;
  • Step 5 Spray S3 into the S4 solution through a high-pressure, high-temperature sprayer to prepare the microcapsules with both infrared and radar stealth.
  • the stirring temperature in step 2) is 50-70°C.
  • the stirring temperature in step 3) is 70°C.
  • the spraying temperature in step 5) is 80°C.
  • the temperature of the S4 solution in step 5) is 30°C.
  • a microcapsule with both infrared and radar stealth is applied to the infrared and radar stealth of military targets.
  • the microcapsule material is sprayed onto the target.
  • the present invention can control the size of the capsule, reduce the preparation process, and increase the coating rate by means of high-pressure and high-temperature spraying.
  • the present invention uses a graphene material with better electromagnetic wave absorption performance, and at the same time uses high-pressure and high-temperature spraying to control the size of the capsule, reduce the preparation process, and increase the coating rate of the product.
  • the present invention uses microcapsule technology to combine phase change materials and electromagnetic wave absorbing materials, and solves the disadvantages of stealth materials that only have a single infrared stealth or radar stealth.
  • the prepared microcapsule material has both infrared and radar stealth functions, is easy to use, and can be directly sprayed on military targets to achieve good stealth effects.
  • Paraffin is a commonly used phase change material with a melting point in the range of 47-64°C and a large specific heat capacity.
  • Nano-graphene, nano-ferric oxide, nano-carbon black and other nano-materials are good electromagnetic wave absorbing materials, especially in the range of 8-18 GHz, they can achieve good electromagnetic wave loss effects.
  • the microcapsule material of the present invention has far-infrared absorption and good electromagnetic wave absorption performance in the 8-18 GHz radar band, which makes up for the single-function defect of current market products.
  • Fig. 1 is the SEM figure of the microcapsule that embodiment 1 makes;
  • Fig. 2 is the thermal infrared imaging of the human hand of the microcapsule sprayed fabric that embodiment 1 makes;
  • Fig. 3 is the 3D curved surface figure of the electromagnetic wave loss test of the microcapsule sprayed fabric that embodiment 1 makes;
  • Fig. 4 is the thermal infrared imaging of the human hand of the microcapsule sprayed fabric that embodiment 2 makes;
  • Fig. 5 is the 3D curved surface figure of the electromagnetic wave loss test of the microcapsule sprayed fabric that embodiment 2 makes;
  • Fig. 6 is the thermal infrared imaging of the human hand of the microcapsule sprayed fabric that embodiment 3 makes;
  • Figure 7 is a 3D curved surface diagram of the electromagnetic wave loss test of the microcapsule sprayed fabric prepared in Example 3.
  • a microcapsule with both infrared and radar stealth comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-10 parts of polyacrylonitrile, polyurethane or a mixture of both, 27 parts of dimethylformamide, 3-6 parts of paraffin, 0.5-2.5 Parts of electromagnetic wave absorber, 0.1 part of hydroxycellulose, 10 parts of deionized water.
  • the above-mentioned electromagnetic wave absorber is one or more of nanoscale few-layer graphene oxide, ferric oxide, and ferric oxide intercalated graphene.
  • a method for preparing microcapsules with both infrared and radar stealth the specific steps are as follows:
  • the microcapsule material prepared in this example has a phase change enthalpy as high as 85.1J/g, and has ultra-low infrared transmittance in the 3-15 ⁇ m infrared band.
  • the thermal infrared imaging test of the sprayed fabric has a good protective effect, as shown in the figure 2 shown.
  • the absorption efficiency below -5dB can be achieved by adjusting the thickness in the range of 6-18GHz, as shown in Figure 3.
  • a method for preparing microcapsules with both infrared and radar stealth the specific steps are as follows:
  • the microcapsule material prepared in this example has a phase change enthalpy as high as 102.1 J/g, and has ultra-low infrared transmittance in the infrared band of 3-15 ⁇ m.
  • the thermal infrared imaging test of the sprayed fabric has a good protective effect, as shown in the figure 4.
  • the absorption efficiency below -5dB can be achieved by adjusting the thickness in the range of 6-18GHz, as shown in Figure 5.
  • a method for preparing microcapsules with both infrared and radar stealth the specific steps are as follows:
  • the microcapsule material prepared in this example has a phase change enthalpy as high as 105.1 J/g, and has ultra-low infrared transmittance in the 3-15 ⁇ m infrared band.
  • the thermal infrared imaging test of the sprayed fabric has a good protective effect, as shown in the figure 6.
  • the absorption efficiency below -5dB can be achieved by adjusting the thickness in the range of 6-18GHz, as shown in Figure 7.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Micro-Capsules (AREA)

Abstract

A microcapsule having both infrared and radar stealth, a preparation method therefor and an application thereof. The microcapsule comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8 to 10 parts polyacrylonitrile, polyurethane or a mixture of the two, 27 parts dimethylformamide, 3 to 6 parts paraffin, 0.5 to 2.5 parts of an electromagnetic wave absorber, 0.1 parts hydroxycellulose, and 10 parts deionized water.

Description

一种兼具红外、雷达隐身的微胶囊及其制备方法和应用A microcapsule with both infrared and radar stealth and its preparation method and application 技术领域technical field
本发明属于材料工程技术领域，具体涉及一种兼具红外、雷达隐身的微胶囊及其制备方法和应用。The invention belongs to the technical field of material engineering, and in particular relates to a microcapsule with both infrared and radar stealth and its preparation method and application.
背景技术Background technique
在众多军事行动中，通常是采用雷达、红外等探测技术来提高目标识别能力，使单一的隐身技术不能满足需求，因此开发多功能隐身材料具有重要的市场前景。目前的隐身材料往往是功能单一，需要通过红外隐身材料、雷达隐身材料等组合才能达到多功能隐身的要求，制备的产品通常是厚重的。而随着微胶囊技术和纳米技术的发展，制备出一种多功能隐身材料有了可能。In many military operations, detection technologies such as radar and infrared are usually used to improve target recognition capabilities, so that a single stealth technology cannot meet the demand. Therefore, the development of multifunctional stealth materials has an important market prospect. The current stealth materials often have a single function, and the combination of infrared stealth materials and radar stealth materials is required to meet the multi-functional stealth requirements, and the prepared products are usually thick and heavy. With the development of microcapsule technology and nanotechnology, it is possible to prepare a multifunctional stealth material.
纳米四氧化三铁、氧化石墨烯和四氧化三铁插层氧化石墨烯具有很强的电磁波吸收效果，但是当与红外隐身材料铜、铝等金属材料使用时存在着性能相互影响的缺陷，限制了红外、雷达隐身一体化材料的发展。而部分高分子相变材料可以有效的解决这一问题，石蜡是一种具有低成本、透波性好、相变潜热大、相变温度范围广的相变材料，同时石蜡与四氧化三铁、炭黑、石墨烯等相容性好，通过合适的工艺可以制备出性能优异的红外和雷达隐身材料，但现有技术中明显缺乏相应的技术。Nano-ferric oxide, graphene oxide and ferric oxide-intercalated graphene oxide have a strong electromagnetic wave absorption effect, but when used with infrared stealth materials such as copper and aluminum, there are defects in the performance of mutual influence, which limits It has promoted the development of infrared and radar stealth integrated materials. Some polymer phase change materials can effectively solve this problem. Paraffin wax is a phase change material with low cost, good wave permeability, large phase change latent heat, and wide phase change temperature range. , carbon black, graphene, etc. have good compatibility, and infrared and radar stealth materials with excellent performance can be prepared through suitable processes, but there is obviously a lack of corresponding technologies in the prior art.
专利申请CN106147720A公开了一种低发射率、多相变点红外相变微胶囊及其制备方法，虽然该专利申请同样采用了石蜡来制备红外相变微胶囊材料，但本发明制备的材料兼具电磁波吸收功能，同时最终微胶囊的成型方式有很大的区别。Patent application CN106147720A discloses a low-emissivity, multi-phase-change point infrared phase-change microcapsule and its preparation method. Although the patent application also uses paraffin to prepare infrared phase-change microcapsule material, the material prepared by the present invention has both The electromagnetic wave absorption function and the final microcapsule molding method are very different.
专利申请CN101870861A公开了一种红外磁性相变材料及其制备方法，其描述了一种采用石蜡、铁氧体、聚苯胺等材料制备红外磁性相变材料的方法，但是其存在制备工序复杂、最终产品成型方式单一的缺点。Patent application CN101870861A discloses an infrared magnetic phase change material and its preparation method, which describes a method for preparing an infrared magnetic phase change material using paraffin, ferrite, polyaniline and other materials, but its preparation process is complicated and the final The disadvantage of a single product molding method.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对现有技术的不足，本发明提供一种兼具红外、雷达隐身的微胶囊及其制备方法和应用，利用微胶囊技术将石蜡和纳米吸波剂包覆起来，制备兼具红外、雷达隐身功能的材料，然后喷涂在建筑工事、坦克等需要伪装的军事目标表面，达到隐身的目的，产品具有广阔的应用前景。Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a microcapsule with both infrared and radar stealth and its preparation method and application. Microcapsule technology is used to coat paraffin and nano wave absorbing agent to prepare infrared and radar stealth microcapsules. Functional materials are then sprayed on the surface of military targets that need to be camouflaged, such as construction fortifications and tanks, to achieve the purpose of stealth. The product has broad application prospects.
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
一种兼具红外、雷达隐身的微胶囊，按重量份包括以下原料：8～10份聚丙烯腈、聚氨酯或两者混合物，27份二甲基甲酰胺，3～6份石蜡，0.5～2.5份电磁波吸收剂，0.1份羟基纤维素，10份去离子水。A microcapsule with both infrared and radar stealth, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-10 parts of polyacrylonitrile, polyurethane or a mixture of both, 27 parts of dimethylformamide, 3-6 parts of paraffin, 0.5-2.5 Parts of electromagnetic wave absorber, 0.1 part of hydroxycellulose, 10 parts of deionized water.
优选地，所述电磁波吸收剂为纳米级别的少层氧化石墨烯、四氧化三铁、四氧化三铁插层石墨烯中的一种或以上。Preferably, the electromagnetic wave absorber is one or more of nanoscale few-layer graphene oxide, ferric oxide, and ferric oxide intercalated graphene.
一种兼具红外、雷达隐身的微胶囊的制备方法，包括以下步骤：A method for preparing microcapsules with both infrared and radar stealth, comprising the following steps:
步骤1)将8～10份聚丙烯腈、聚氨酯或两者混合物溶解到15份的二甲基甲酰胺溶 剂中，配备溶液S1；Step 1) Dissolve 8-10 parts of polyacrylonitrile, polyurethane or a mixture of the two into 15 parts of dimethylformamide solvent to prepare solution S1;
步骤2)将3～6份石蜡、0.5～2.5份电磁波吸收剂、0.1份羟基纤维素加入到10份的二甲基甲酰胺溶剂中，充分搅拌乳化，制备溶液S2；Step 2) Add 3-6 parts of paraffin, 0.5-2.5 parts of electromagnetic wave absorber, and 0.1 part of hydroxycellulose into 10 parts of dimethylformamide solvent, fully stir and emulsify, and prepare solution S2;
步骤3)将S2溶液加入到S1溶液中，其中，S1溶液与S2溶液的体积比为1:1，充分搅拌，得到混合溶液S3；Step 3) adding the S2 solution into the S1 solution, wherein the volume ratio of the S1 solution to the S2 solution is 1:1, and fully stirring to obtain a mixed solution S3;
步骤4)将2份的二甲基甲酰胺溶解到10份去离子水中，配备溶液S4；Step 4) dissolving 2 parts of dimethylformamide into 10 parts of deionized water to prepare solution S4;
步骤5)将S3通过高压高温喷雾器喷雾到S4溶液中，即制得所述兼具红外、雷达隐身的微胶囊。Step 5) Spray S3 into the S4 solution through a high-pressure, high-temperature sprayer to prepare the microcapsules with both infrared and radar stealth.
优选地，步骤2)所述搅拌的温度为50～70℃。Preferably, the stirring temperature in step 2) is 50-70°C.
优选地，步骤3)所述搅拌的温度为70℃。Preferably, the stirring temperature in step 3) is 70°C.
优选地，步骤5)所述喷雾的温度为80℃。Preferably, the spraying temperature in step 5) is 80°C.
优选地，步骤5)所述S4溶液的温度为30℃。Preferably, the temperature of the S4 solution in step 5) is 30°C.
一种兼具红外、雷达隐身的微胶囊在制备红外、雷达隐身材料中的应用。Application of a microcapsule with both infrared and radar stealth in the preparation of infrared and radar stealth materials.
一种兼具红外、雷达隐身的微胶囊应用于军事目标的红外、雷达隐身。A microcapsule with both infrared and radar stealth is applied to the infrared and radar stealth of military targets.
优选地，将所述微胶囊材料喷涂到目标物上。Preferably, the microcapsule material is sprayed onto the target.
本发明的有益效果如下：The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
1、相比于专利申请CN106147720A，本发明通过高压高温喷雾的方式可以控制好胶囊大小、减少制备工序，同时提高包覆率。1. Compared with the patent application CN106147720A, the present invention can control the size of the capsule, reduce the preparation process, and increase the coating rate by means of high-pressure and high-temperature spraying.
2、相比于专利申请CN101870861A，本发明采用了电磁波吸收性能更好的石墨烯材料，同时采用了高压高温喷雾的方式可以控制好胶囊大小、减少制备工序，同时提高产品的包覆率。2. Compared with the patent application CN101870861A, the present invention uses a graphene material with better electromagnetic wave absorption performance, and at the same time uses high-pressure and high-temperature spraying to control the size of the capsule, reduce the preparation process, and increase the coating rate of the product.
3、本发明利用微胶囊技术将相变材料和电磁波吸收材料结合，解决了隐身材料仅仅具有单一红外隐身或者雷达隐身的弊端。制备的微胶囊材料兼具红外和雷达隐身功能，并且使用方便，可以直接喷涂到军事目标上取得很好的隐身效果。石蜡是一种普遍应用的相变材料，熔点在47～64℃范围内，比热容较大。纳米石墨烯、纳米四氧化三铁、纳米炭黑等纳米材料是一种良好的电磁波吸收材料，特别是在8～18GHz范围内都能取得良好的电磁波损耗效果。石蜡与纳米石墨烯、纳米四氧化三铁、纳米炭黑的结合对于相互间的功能互不影响。相比较现有单一功能的隐身材料，本发明的微胶囊材料具有在远红外吸收，以及在8～18GHz雷达波段内具有良好的电磁波吸收性能，弥补了目前市场产品功能单一的缺点。3. The present invention uses microcapsule technology to combine phase change materials and electromagnetic wave absorbing materials, and solves the disadvantages of stealth materials that only have a single infrared stealth or radar stealth. The prepared microcapsule material has both infrared and radar stealth functions, is easy to use, and can be directly sprayed on military targets to achieve good stealth effects. Paraffin is a commonly used phase change material with a melting point in the range of 47-64°C and a large specific heat capacity. Nano-graphene, nano-ferric oxide, nano-carbon black and other nano-materials are good electromagnetic wave absorbing materials, especially in the range of 8-18 GHz, they can achieve good electromagnetic wave loss effects. The combination of paraffin wax, nano-graphene, nano-ferric oxide, and nano-carbon black does not affect each other's functions. Compared with the existing stealth materials with single function, the microcapsule material of the present invention has far-infrared absorption and good electromagnetic wave absorption performance in the 8-18 GHz radar band, which makes up for the single-function defect of current market products.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为实施例1制得的微胶囊的SEM图；Fig. 1 is the SEM figure of the microcapsule that embodiment 1 makes;
图2为实施例1制得的微胶囊喷涂面料的人体手部热红外成像；Fig. 2 is the thermal infrared imaging of the human hand of the microcapsule sprayed fabric that embodiment 1 makes;
图3为实施例1制得的微胶囊喷涂面料的电磁波损耗测试的3D曲面图；Fig. 3 is the 3D curved surface figure of the electromagnetic wave loss test of the microcapsule sprayed fabric that embodiment 1 makes;
图4为实施例2制得的微胶囊喷涂面料的人体手部热红外成像；Fig. 4 is the thermal infrared imaging of the human hand of the microcapsule sprayed fabric that embodiment 2 makes;
图5为实施例2制得的微胶囊喷涂面料的电磁波损耗测试的3D曲面图；Fig. 5 is the 3D curved surface figure of the electromagnetic wave loss test of the microcapsule sprayed fabric that embodiment 2 makes;
图6为实施例3制得的微胶囊喷涂面料的人体手部热红外成像；Fig. 6 is the thermal infrared imaging of the human hand of the microcapsule sprayed fabric that embodiment 3 makes;
图7为实施例3制得的微胶囊喷涂面料的电磁波损耗测试的3D曲面图。Figure 7 is a 3D curved surface diagram of the electromagnetic wave loss test of the microcapsule sprayed fabric prepared in Example 3.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图与具体实施例对本发明做进一步详细说明。The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
实施例1Example 1
一种兼具红外、雷达隐身的微胶囊，按重量份包括以下原料：8～10份聚丙烯腈、聚氨酯或两者混合物，27份二甲基甲酰胺，3～6份石蜡，0.5～2.5份电磁波吸收剂，0.1份羟基纤维素，10份去离子水。A microcapsule with both infrared and radar stealth, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-10 parts of polyacrylonitrile, polyurethane or a mixture of both, 27 parts of dimethylformamide, 3-6 parts of paraffin, 0.5-2.5 Parts of electromagnetic wave absorber, 0.1 part of hydroxycellulose, 10 parts of deionized water.
上述的电磁波吸收剂为纳米级别的少层氧化石墨烯、四氧化三铁、四氧化三铁插层石墨烯中的一种或以上。The above-mentioned electromagnetic wave absorber is one or more of nanoscale few-layer graphene oxide, ferric oxide, and ferric oxide intercalated graphene.
一种兼具红外、雷达隐身的微胶囊的制备方法，具体步骤如下：A method for preparing microcapsules with both infrared and radar stealth, the specific steps are as follows:
(1)将10g聚氨酯溶解到15g的二甲基甲酰胺溶剂中，配备溶液S1。(1) Dissolve 10 g of polyurethane into 15 g of dimethylformamide solvent to prepare solution S1.
(2)将3g石蜡、0.5g少层氧化石墨烯、2g四氧化三铁、0.1g羟基纤维素加入到10g的二甲基甲酰胺溶剂中，在50℃下充分搅拌乳化，制备溶液S2。(2) Add 3 g of paraffin, 0.5 g of few-layer graphene oxide, 2 g of ferric oxide, and 0.1 g of hydroxycellulose into 10 g of dimethylformamide solvent, stir and emulsify fully at 50° C. to prepare solution S2.
(3)将5mL的S2溶液加入到5mL的S1溶液中，在70℃下充分搅拌，得到混合溶液S3。(3) Add 5 mL of S2 solution into 5 mL of S1 solution, and stir thoroughly at 70° C. to obtain a mixed solution S3.
(4)将2g的二甲基甲酰胺溶解到10g去离子水中，配备溶液S4。(4) Dissolve 2 g of dimethylformamide into 10 g of deionized water to prepare solution S4.
(5)将S3通过高压高温喷雾器在80℃下喷雾到30℃的S4溶液中，得到微胶囊颗粒，其结构如图1所示。(5) Spray S3 into the S4 solution at 30° C. through a high-pressure, high-temperature sprayer at 80° C. to obtain microcapsule particles, the structure of which is shown in FIG. 1 .
经测试，本实施例制得的微胶囊材料，相变焓高达85.1J/g，在3～15μm红外波段具有超低红外透过率，喷涂面料的热红外成像测试，防护效果良好，如图2所示。通过介电常数测试及模拟，通过厚度的调整在6～18GHz范围内都能达到-5dB以下的吸收效率，如图3所示。After testing, the microcapsule material prepared in this example has a phase change enthalpy as high as 85.1J/g, and has ultra-low infrared transmittance in the 3-15μm infrared band. The thermal infrared imaging test of the sprayed fabric has a good protective effect, as shown in the figure 2 shown. Through the dielectric constant test and simulation, the absorption efficiency below -5dB can be achieved by adjusting the thickness in the range of 6-18GHz, as shown in Figure 3.
实施例2Example 2
一种兼具红外、雷达隐身的微胶囊的制备方法，具体步骤如下：A method for preparing microcapsules with both infrared and radar stealth, the specific steps are as follows:
(1)将8g聚丙烯腈溶解到15g的二甲基甲酰胺溶剂中，配备溶液S1。(1) Dissolve 8g of polyacrylonitrile into 15g of dimethylformamide solvent to prepare solution S1.
(2)将5g石蜡、0.5g四氧化三铁插层氧化石墨烯、0.1g羟基纤维素加入到10g的二甲基甲酰胺溶剂中，在60℃下充分搅拌乳化，制备溶液S2。(2) 5 g of paraffin, 0.5 g of ferric oxide intercalated graphene oxide, and 0.1 g of hydroxycellulose were added to 10 g of dimethylformamide solvent, and fully stirred and emulsified at 60° C. to prepare solution S2.
(3)将5mL的S2溶液加入到5mL的S1溶液中，在70℃下充分搅拌，得到混合溶液S3。(3) Add 5 mL of S2 solution into 5 mL of S1 solution, and stir thoroughly at 70° C. to obtain a mixed solution S3.
(4)将2g的二甲基甲酰胺溶解到10g去离子水中，配备溶液S4。(4) Dissolve 2 g of dimethylformamide into 10 g of deionized water to prepare solution S4.
(5)将S3通过高压高温喷雾器在80℃下喷雾到30℃的S4溶液中，得到微胶囊颗粒。(5) Spray S3 into the S4 solution at 30° C. through a high-pressure, high-temperature sprayer at 80° C. to obtain microcapsule particles.
经测试，本实施例制得的微胶囊材料，相变焓高达102.1J/g，在3～15μm红外波段具有超低红外透过率，喷涂面料的热红外成像测试，防护效果好，如图4所示。通过介电常数测试及模拟，通过厚度的调整在6～18GHz范围内都能达到-5dB以下的吸收效率，如图5所示。After testing, the microcapsule material prepared in this example has a phase change enthalpy as high as 102.1 J/g, and has ultra-low infrared transmittance in the infrared band of 3-15 μm. The thermal infrared imaging test of the sprayed fabric has a good protective effect, as shown in the figure 4. Through the dielectric constant test and simulation, the absorption efficiency below -5dB can be achieved by adjusting the thickness in the range of 6-18GHz, as shown in Figure 5.
实施例3Example 3
一种兼具红外、雷达隐身的微胶囊的制备方法，具体步骤如下：A method for preparing microcapsules with both infrared and radar stealth, the specific steps are as follows:
(1)将10g聚氨酯溶解到15g的二甲基甲酰胺溶剂中，配备溶液S1。(1) Dissolve 10 g of polyurethane into 15 g of dimethylformamide solvent to prepare solution S1.
(2)将6g石蜡、1g四氧化三铁插层氧化石墨烯、0.1g羟基纤维素加入到10g的二甲基甲酰胺溶剂中，在70℃下充分搅拌乳化，制备溶液S2。(2) Add 6 g of paraffin, 1 g of ferric oxide intercalated graphene oxide, and 0.1 g of hydroxycellulose into 10 g of dimethylformamide solvent, and fully stir and emulsify at 70° C. to prepare solution S2.
(3)将5mL的S2溶液加入到5mL的S1溶液中，在70℃下充分搅拌，得到混合溶液S3。(3) Add 5 mL of S2 solution into 5 mL of S1 solution, and stir thoroughly at 70° C. to obtain a mixed solution S3.
(4)将2g的二甲基甲酰胺溶解到10g去离子水中，配备溶液S4。(4) Dissolve 2 g of dimethylformamide into 10 g of deionized water to prepare solution S4.
(5)将S3通过高压高温喷雾器在80℃下喷雾到30℃的S4溶液中，得到微胶囊颗粒。(5) Spray S3 into the S4 solution at 30° C. through a high-pressure, high-temperature sprayer at 80° C. to obtain microcapsule particles.
经测试，本实施例制得的微胶囊材料，相变焓高达105.1J/g，在3～15μm红外波段具有超低红外透过率，喷涂面料的热红外成像测试，防护效果好，如图6所示。通过介电常数测试及模拟，通过厚度的调整在6～18GHz范围内都能达到-5dB以下的吸收效率，如图7所示。After testing, the microcapsule material prepared in this example has a phase change enthalpy as high as 105.1 J/g, and has ultra-low infrared transmittance in the 3-15 μm infrared band. The thermal infrared imaging test of the sprayed fabric has a good protective effect, as shown in the figure 6. Through the dielectric constant test and simulation, the absorption efficiency below -5dB can be achieved by adjusting the thickness in the range of 6-18GHz, as shown in Figure 7.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种兼具红外、雷达隐身的微胶囊，其特征在于，按重量份包括以下原料：8～10份聚丙烯腈、聚氨酯或两者混合物，27份二甲基甲酰胺，3～6份石蜡，0.5～2.5份电磁波吸收剂，0.1份羟基纤维素，10份去离子水。A microcapsule with both infrared and radar stealth, characterized in that it comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-10 parts of polyacrylonitrile, polyurethane or a mixture of the two, 27 parts of dimethylformamide, 3-6 parts of paraffin , 0.5-2.5 parts of electromagnetic wave absorber, 0.1 part of hydroxycellulose, 10 parts of deionized water.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种兼具红外、雷达隐身的微胶囊，其特征在于，所述电磁波吸收剂为纳米级别的少层氧化石墨烯、四氧化三铁、四氧化三铁插层石墨烯中的一种或以上。A kind of microcapsule with infrared and radar stealth according to claim 1, characterized in that, the electromagnetic wave absorber is nano-scale few-layer graphene oxide, ferroferric oxide, ferroferric oxide intercalated graphite One or more of alkenes.
  3. 权利要求1所述的一种兼具红外、雷达隐身的微胶囊的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：The preparation method of a kind of microcapsules with both infrared and radar stealth according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
    步骤1)将8～10份聚丙烯腈、聚氨酯或两者混合物溶解到15份的二甲基甲酰胺溶剂中，配备溶液S1；Step 1) Dissolving 8-10 parts of polyacrylonitrile, polyurethane or their mixture into 15 parts of dimethylformamide solvent to prepare solution S1;
    步骤2)将3～6份石蜡、0.5～2.5份电磁波吸收剂、0.1份羟基纤维素加入到10份的二甲基甲酰胺溶剂中，充分搅拌乳化，制备溶液S2；Step 2) Add 3-6 parts of paraffin, 0.5-2.5 parts of electromagnetic wave absorber, and 0.1 part of hydroxycellulose into 10 parts of dimethylformamide solvent, fully stir and emulsify, and prepare solution S2;
    步骤3)将S2溶液加入到S1溶液中，其中，S1溶液与S2溶液的体积比为1:1，充分搅拌，得到混合溶液S3；Step 3) adding the S2 solution into the S1 solution, wherein the volume ratio of the S1 solution to the S2 solution is 1:1, and fully stirring to obtain a mixed solution S3;
    步骤4)将2份的二甲基甲酰胺溶解到10份去离子水中，配备溶液S4；Step 4) dissolving 2 parts of dimethylformamide into 10 parts of deionized water to prepare solution S4;
    步骤5)将S3通过高压高温喷雾器喷雾到S4溶液中，即制得所述兼具红外、雷达隐身的微胶囊。Step 5) Spray S3 into the S4 solution through a high-pressure, high-temperature sprayer to prepare the microcapsules with both infrared and radar stealth.
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种兼具红外、雷达隐身的微胶囊的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤2)所述搅拌的温度为50～70℃。A method for preparing microcapsules with both infrared and radar stealth according to claim 3, characterized in that the stirring temperature in step 2) is 50-70°C.
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的一种兼具红外、雷达隐身的微胶囊的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤3)所述搅拌的温度为70℃。A method for preparing microcapsules with both infrared and radar stealth according to claim 3, characterized in that the stirring temperature in step 3) is 70°C.
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的一种兼具红外、雷达隐身的微胶囊的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤5)所述喷雾的温度为80℃。A method for preparing microcapsules with both infrared and radar stealth according to claim 3, characterized in that the temperature of the spray in step 5) is 80°C.
  7. 根据权利要求3所述的一种兼具红外、雷达隐身的微胶囊的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤5)所述S4溶液的温度为30℃。A method for preparing microcapsules with both infrared and radar stealth according to claim 3, characterized in that the temperature of the S4 solution in step 5) is 30°C.
  8. 权利要求1所述的一种兼具红外、雷达隐身的微胶囊在制备红外、雷达隐身材料中的应用。The application of a microcapsule with both infrared and radar stealth described in claim 1 in the preparation of infrared and radar stealth materials.
  9. 权利要求1所述的一种兼具红外、雷达隐身的微胶囊应用于军事目标的红外、雷达隐身。The microcapsule with both infrared and radar stealth described in claim 1 is applied to infrared and radar stealth of military targets.
  10. 根据权利要求8或9所述的应用，其特征在于，将所述微胶囊材料喷涂到目标物上。Use according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the microcapsule material is sprayed onto the object.
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