WO2022261316A1

WO2022261316A1 - A blink reflex monitoring device

Info

Publication number: WO2022261316A1
Application number: PCT/US2022/032828
Authority: WO
Inventors: Ryan Nicholas FIORINI; Eric Fouad ABBOUD; Jaclyn Paige MCKELVEY; Logan Sean TEDER; Timothy John Payne; Samuel Joseph MARANO; Kevin Lee CHRISTOPHER; Bradley Joseph SARGENT
Original assignee: Blinktbi, Inc.
Priority date: 2021-06-10
Filing date: 2022-06-09
Publication date: 2022-12-15

Abstract

A blink reflex monitoring device having a blink reflex headset. The blink reflex headset includes a front and back end, a first plane extending through the front end and the back end, and a second plane intersecting the first plane between the front end and the back end, the back end configured to receive a portion of a face of a user and disposed opposite the front end. A strap is coupled to the blink reflex monitoring device and has a first and second position. In the first position the strap extends away from the blink reflex monitoring device along the first plane and is configured to secure the blink reflex monitoring device to a head of a user. In the second position the strap extends below the blink reflex monitoring device along the second plane and is configured to support the blink reflex monitoring device above a surface.

Description

TITLE

[0001] A Blink Reflex Monitoring Device CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No.

63/209,112 filed June 10, 2021, entitled “A Blink Reflex Monitoring Device”, which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] The present disclosure generally relates to a blink reflex monitoring device, and in some embodiments, a portable and/or wearable blink reflex monitoring device.

SUMMARY

[0004] One embodiment of the present disclosure provides a blink reflex monitoring device having a blink reflex headset including a front end, a back end, a first plane extending through the front end and the back end, and a second plane intersecting the first plane between the front end and the back end, the back end configured to receive a portion of a face of a user and disposed opposite the front end and a strap coupled to the blink reflex monitoring device and having a first position and a second position, wherein in the first position the strap extends away from the blink reflex monitoring device along the first plane and is configured to secure the blink reflex monitoring device to a head of a user and in the second position the strap extends below the blink reflex monitoring device along the second plane and is configured to support the blink reflex monitoring device above a surface.

[0005] In some embodiments, the blink reflex monitoring device further includes a tripod adapter removably coupled to the strap and configured to couple the blink reflex monitoring device to a tripod when the strap is in the second position. The tripod adapter may include U-shaped receiving portion that couples to the strap. The tripod adapter may also include a coupling member that extends outwardly from the U-shaped receiving portion. The tripod adapter may be removably coupled to the strap.

[0006] In some embodiments, the strap is pivotally coupled to the blink reflex monitoring device at a pivot point, the pivot point being disposed proximate the back end. When the strap moves from the first position to the second position, the strap may pivot about the pivot point relative to the blink reflex monitoring device. [0007] In some embodiments, the strap is a loop and in the first position the strap is disposed around the head of the user. The strap may be releasably locked in place relative to the blink reflex monitoring device in at least the second position via a locking mechanism to prevent movement of the strap relative to the blink reflex monitoring device.

[0008] In some embodiments, the blink reflex monitoring device includes a display screen disposed on an external surface of the front end, the display screen facing away from the user when in use.

[0009] In some embodiments, the strap includes a first end and a second end each coupled to a portion of the blink reflex monitoring device proximate the back end.

[0010] In some embodiments, the blink reflex monitoring device further includes a pin assembly disposed within the blink reflex monitoring device proximate the back end, the pin assembly having a plunger coupled to the strap to secure the strap to the blink reflex monitoring device, a biasing element biasing the plunger outwardly relative to the first plane, and a base having a receptable to receive the biasing element and the plunger.

[0011] In some embodiments, the blink reflex monitoring device includes a camera and a stimulation device, stimulation device including one or more of an air compression module, a light source, and a speaker and the camera configured to monitor an eye blink of the user in response to a stimulation delivered by the stimulation device.

[0012] In some embodiments, an angle is formed between the strap being in the first position and the strap being in the second position, the angle being approximately 75° to approximately 135°. [0013] Another embodiment of the present disclosure provides a blink reflex monitoring device having a blink reflex headset including a front end, a back end, and a plane extending through the front end and the back end, the back end configured to receive a portion of a face of a user and disposed opposite the front end and a first strap and a second strap, each coupled to the blink reflex headset, the first strap configured to be secured around a head of the user and the second strap being disposed on the head of the user, the first strap being proximate the plane compared to the second strap and the second strap being generally perpendicular to the plane.

[0014] In some embodiments, the blink reflex headset includes a rigid body, a substrate coupled to the rigid body, and a comfort layer coupled to the substrate, the substrate being disposed between the rigid body and the comfort layer. The blink reflex headset may include a camera and a stimulation device including one or more of an air compression module, a light source, and a speaker. [0015] In some embodiments, the first strap is fixedly coupled to the second strap such that movement of the first strap causes movement of the second strap.

[0016] Another embodiment of the present disclosure provides a blink reflex monitoring device having a blink reflex headset including a front end and a back end, the back end configured to receive a portion of a face of a user and disposed opposite the front end, at least one strap coupled to the blink reflex headset proximate the back end, the at least one strap configured to be secured around a head of a user and an air compression module including a source of compressed air and a valve, the air compression module disposed within the blink reflex monitoring device and the valve configured to output compressed air from the back end at a pressure of approximately 30 PSI to approximately 50 PSI.

[0017] Another embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for measuring a blink reflex including providing a blink reflex headset to a user, the blink reflex headset having an air compression module including a compressed air source and a valve, outputting a first burst of compressed air from the compressed air source through the valve at a first a pressure, detecting a presence or an absence of a blink in response to the first burst of compressed air at the first pressure; [0018] if the blink is present, then measuring a duration between the output of the first burst of compressed air at the first pressure and the blink to determine the blink reflex, and if the blink is absent, then outputting a second burst of compressed air from the compressed air source at a second pressure, the second pressure being greater than the first pressure and measuring a duration between the output of the second burst of compressed air at the second pressure and the blink to determine the blink reflex.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The following detailed description of embodiments of the blink reflex monitoring device, will be better understood when read in conjunction with the appended drawings of exemplary embodiments. It should be understood, however, that the disclosure is not limited to the precise arrangements and instrumentalities shown.

[0020] Fig. l is a front perspective view of a blink reflex monitoring device in accordance with a first exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure shown being worn by a user;

[0021] Fig. 2 is an exploded view of a housing of the blink reflex monitoring device of Fig. 1;

[0022] Fig. 3 is a side view of the blink reflex monitoring device of Fig. 1;

[0023] Fig. 4 is a partial cross-sectional side view of the blink reflex monitoring device of Fig. 1 with an overlay illustrating the strap pivot; [0024] Fig. 5 is a partial cross-sectional side view of the blink reflex monitoring device of Fig. 1 with an overlay illustrating an embodiment of the blink reflex monitoring device without a strap pivot;

[0025] Fig. 6 is a partially exploded side perspective view of a blink reflex monitoring device in accordance with a second exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0026] Fig. 7 A is a front perspective view of the blink reflex monitoring device of Fig. 6 with a surface mount adapter;

[0027] Fig. 7B is a side perspective view of the blink reflex monitoring device of Fig. 6 with the adapter coupled to the blink reflex monitoring device; [0028] Fig. 8 is a side perspective view of the blink reflex monitoring device of Fig. 6 showing a strap movable between a first position (X) and a second position (Y);

[0029] Fig. 9 is a side perspective view of the blink reflex monitoring device of Fig. 6 with the blink reflex monitoring device coupled to a tripod via the surface mount adapter;

[0030] Fig. 10 is a front perspective view of the blink reflex monitoring device of Fig. 6 with the blink reflex monitoring device coupled to a tripod via the surface mount adapter;

[0031] Fig. 11 A is a top perspective view of an exemplary pin assembly used with the blink reflex monitoring device of Fig. 6;

[0032] Fig. 1 IB is a bottom perspective view of an exemplary pin assembly used with the blink reflex monitoring device of Fig. 6; [0033] Fig. 11C is a side perspective view of the pin assembly of Figs. 11 A and 1 IB used within an exemplary blink reflex monitoring device;

[0034] Fig. 12 is a top view of an air compression module of the blink reflex monitoring device shown in Fig. 6; and

[0035] Fig. 13 is a side perspective of the air compression module of Fig. 12 disposed within the blink reflex monitoring device of Fig. 6.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are common among many individuals, such as athletes and military personnel, and many TBIs go undiagnosed. Mild TBIs (mTBIs), such as concussions, mild brain injury, or minor head trauma, are the most common form of TBIs and are more difficult to detect and diagnose. Many current devices for diagnosing TBIs and mTBIs rely on subjective criteria, which vary from individual to individual. Further, the symptoms of TBIs may vary between individuals and may dissipate over time, with the damage to the brain persisting. Current devices for detecting TBIs do not objectively measure, in real-time, neurological conditions associated with brain injuries. Further, these current devices are not easily portable, do not allow a user to easily use the device on a near real-time basis, and do not easily and efficiently allow for consecutive users. [0037] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure provide a blink reflex monitoring device (“monitoring device”). Referring to Figs. 1-13, there is shown a monitoring device, generally designated 100 or 200, which may also be referred to as blink reflex monitoring device (“monitoring device”). In use, monitoring device 100 may be used to monitor the blink reflex of a user to detect various neurological disorders, conditions, or traumas. For example, monitoring device 100 may monitor the blink reflex of a user to detect a neurological condition such as a traumatic brain injury (TBI), second impact syndrome (SIS), Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, or any other neurological condition or degenerative neurological disorder. Monitoring device 100 may be a wearable device secured to a user’s head to allow monitoring device 100 to monitor the blink reflex of the user in real-time and at any location. For example, during a sporting event, monitoring device 100 may be used to assess whether an athlete has a TBI immediately after the athlete has received contact to their head or body. Monitoring device 100 may also be portable to allow for use next to a sports field or carried by a first responder and may be configured to be temporarily disposed on a mount or stand to easily allow for consecutive uses by multiple users.

[0038] In some embodiments, monitoring device 100 produces one or more stimulations and the blink reflexes in response to each stimulation are monitored. Based on the timing between the stimulation and the blinking of the user (e.g., blink reflex), the presence or absence of a neurological condition or disorder may be diagnosed. Monitoring device 100 may include one or more concepts, principles, or devices disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 10,448,825, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.

[0039] In some embodiments, monitoring device 100 is wearable and easily secured to a user’s head to prevent movement of monitoring device 100 relative to the user’s head. For example, for monitoring device 100 to accurately monitor the blink reflex of the user, monitoring device 100 must be secured in place with minimal movement relative to the user’s head during use. In some embodiments, monitoring device 100 is secured to the user’s head via one or more straps. However, monitoring device 100 may be secured in place by securing monitoring device 100 to a surface or above a surface using a tripod or stand. For example, monitoring device 100 may be secured to a tripod to allow for the use of monitoring device 100 without securing monitoring device 100 to the user’s head. Securing monitoring device 100 to a tripod or stand may allow for multiple individuals to each quickly and efficiently use monitoring device 100 without having to constantly remove monitoring device 100 from each user’s head. For example, monitoring device 100 may be secured in place by coupling monitoring device 100 to a tripod or stand such that multiple athletes of a sports team may consecutively utilize monitoring device 100 without having to constantly remove monitoring device 100 from each athlete’s head and readjust the straps.

[0040] In some embodiments, monitoring device 100 uses one or more straps (e.g., strap 204) to secure monitoring device 100 to a user’s head and also uses one or more of those straps to secure monitoring device 100 to a tripod or stand to secure monitoring device 100 above a surface. In some embodiments, monitoring device 100 is configured to quickly change from a configuration where it is secured to a user’s head to a configuration for securing it to a stand or tripod. Monitoring device 100 may be secured to a user’s head or above a surface such that monitoring device 100 is able to monitor and record the blink reflex of the user’s eyes to assess for neurological conditions or disorders. In some embodiments, monitoring device 100 includes a display screen facing away from the user for a medical professional or technician to calibrate monitoring device 100 while it is secured to the user’s head. In some embodiments, monitoring device 100 is controlled via a remote computer or mobile device. For example, monitoring device 100 may be part of a system, which may include one or more of a mobile device, monitoring device 100, data servers, or remote computers. The mobile device (e.g., mobile phone or tablet) may be communicatively coupled to monitoring device 100 to control monitoring device 100, to receive readings and calculations, or for calibration.

[0041] Monitoring device 100 may monitor the blink reflex of a user by causing a stimulation (e.g., visual, auditory, haptic) that causes the user to blink their eyes. In some embodiments, monitoring device 100 causes a stimulation to initiate a blink reflex by using a stimulation device. The stimulation device may be configured to release a puff of air, produce a flash of light, produce a noise, and/or cause a vibration. Monitoring device 100 may cause a stimulation via the stimulation device when monitoring device 100 is secured to the user’s head or when monitoring device 100 is secured in place. For example, monitoring device 100 may include an air compression module (e.g., air compression module 300) configured to deliver compressed air to the user’s eyes at a predetermined pressure. Upon delivery of the compressed air, monitoring device 100 may utilize a camera to monitor and assess when the user has blinked. However, monitoring device 100 may include a light source, a speaker, user facing display screen, and/or a vibrator. Monitoring device 100 may also include one or more LEDs (e.g., infrared LEDs) that assist the camera in detecting a blink reflex. Monitoring device 100 may include a processor, which may assess the blink reflex based on the time period or time delay between the stimulation and the blinking of the user. [0042] In some embodiments, the processor is configured to store blink reflex data associated with monitoring device 100 in a memory. The blink reflex data may include data associated with the user, the blink reflex of the user, the one or more stimulation devices, and/or monitoring device 100. In some embodiments, the processor is configured to store the blink reflex data on the cloud (e.g., remote servers). The processor may be configured to wirelessly communicate with servers disposed remote to monitoring device 100 and transmit and receive data, such as blink reflex data. For example, the processor may be configured to retrieve, analyze, and assess the blink reflex data stored on the cloud (e.g., servers in wireless communication with the processor). The processor may be configured for cloud computing such that monitoring device 100 does not need to include significant memory, and the data processed and analyzed by the processor may be accessible remote from monitoring device 100. In some embodiments, monitoring device 100 includes a wireless receiver (e.g., WiFi, BlueTooth, RFID, NFC) and the processor is coupled to the wireless receiver. For example, the processor may be configured to send and receive data through the wireless receiver. In some embodiments, the wireless receiver is in wireless communication with an electronic device, such as a mobile device, and receives data, including blink reflex data. The wireless receiver may be configured to transmit data to the processor.

[0043] Referring to Figs. 1-5, monitoring device 100 may include blink reflex headset or blink refl exometer 102, first strap 104, and second strap 106. Blink reflex headset 102 may be a non- invasive device for monitoring the blink reflex of a user. In some embodiments, first strap 104 and second strap 106 are each coupled to blink reflex headset 102. First strap 104 and second strap 106 may be substantially rigid. First strap 104 and second strap 106 may be configured to stretch outwardly but may be rigid inwardly. For example, first strap 104 and/or second strap 106 may include a plurality of rigid portions separated by one or more bands or material (e.g., elastic band, connector, elastic attachments, fabric band, fabric connector) allowing first strap 104 and/or second strap 106 to be biased to an initial configuration and configured to stretch outwardly from the initial configuration.

[0044] First strap 104 and second strap 106 may be comprised of a rigid polymer, such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS), polycarbonate (PC), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), or any combinates thereof. In some embodiments, first strap 104 and second strap 106 are comprised of a combination of PC and ABS. However, first strap 104 and second strap 106 may be comprised of a strong elastic strap such as a strap comprised of woven elastic fibers, or a composite or rubber band with a Shore A or D hardness scale capable of securing monitoring device 100 to a user’s head. First strap 104 and/or second strap 106 may be comprised of multiple materials such as fabric and one or more polymers. For example, first strap 104 and/or second strap 106 may be comprised of one or more polymers and may include a fabric outer shell, which may include padding, to provide comfort to a user’s head during use.

[0045] In some embodiments, first strap 104 and second strap 106 are removably coupled to blink reflex headset 102. However, first strap 104 and second strap 106 may be fixedly coupled to blink reflex headset 102. First strap 104 and second strap 106 may be configured to secure blink reflex headset 102 to a user’s head. For example, first strap 104 may be a loop configured to be disposed around the user’s head adjacent the user’s occipital bone and second strap 106 may be a loop configured to be disposed on top of the user’s head and extend from ear to ear over the user’s head. First strap 104 may be configured to go around the user’s head such that a majority of first strap 104 is disposed around the occipital bone of the user. Second strap 106 may be configured to extend along the top of the user’s head such that a majority of second strap 106 is disposed on top of the user’s head.

[0046] In some embodiments, first strap 104 is coupled to second strap 106. First strap 104 may be coupled to second strap 106 such that first strap 104 is fixed relative to seconds strap 106. In some embodiments, first strap 104 is movable relative to second strap 106. First strap 104 may be fixedly coupled to second strap 106 such that movement of first strap 104 results in movement of second strap 106. First strap 104 may be coupled to second strap 106 at the same location where first strap 104 and second strap 106 couple to blink reflex headset 102. First strap 104 may be coupled to second strap 106 at any location along second strap 106. In some embodiments, first strap 104 and second strap 106 are separate pieces that are coupled together such that first strap 104 can be moved relative to second strap 106. First strap 104 and second strap 106 may be a unitary piece such that first strap 104 cannot be moved relative to second strap 106 and movement of first strap 104 causes movement of second strap 106.

[0047] In some embodiments, first strap 104 is removably coupled to second strap 106.

However, first strap 104 may be fixedly coupled to second strap 106. In some embodiments, first strap 104 and second strap 106 are coupled to the same point on blink reflex headset 102. However, first strap 104 and second strap 106 may be coupled to different points on blink reflex headset 102.

In some embodiments, a counterweight is coupled to first strap 104 and/or second strap 106 to counterbalance the weight of blink reflex headset 102. For example, due to the weight of blink reflex headset 102, monitoring device 100 may have a tendency to shift downwards along the user’s face towards their nose, thereby apply more pressure on their nose and cheeks. In some embodiments, monitoring device 100 includes a counterweight releasably coupled to first strap 104 and/or second strap 106 configured to counterbalance the weight of blink reflex headset 102. The counterweight may reduce the pressure felt on the user’s face and prevent downward shifting of blink reflex headset 102.

[0048] Referring to Figs. 1-2, blink reflex headset 102 may be comprised of one or more components coupled together. The one or more components may be fixedly attached to one another, integrally formed within two or more components, and/or removably coupled to one another to allow for easy replacement or customization of a component. In some embodiments, blink reflex headset 102 is comprised of housing 120, substrate 108, and comfort layer 122. Comfort layer 122 may be comprised of a softer material compared to substrate 108 and housing 120. For example, comfort layer 122 may be comprised of a soft elastomeric material and substrate 108 and/or housing 120 may be comprised of a rigid polymer, such as a combination of polycarbonate and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene or a sheet of metal. Comfort layer 122 may be the portion of blink reflex headset 102 that contacts and/or abuts the face of the user. In some embodiments, comfort layer 122 is comprised of a softer material such as a rubber overmold having a Shore A or D hardness scale. Comfort layer 122

[0049] In some embodiments, substrate 108 is disposed between housing 120 and comfort layer 122. Housing 120 may be configured to house the main electrical components of blink reflex headset 102. For example, housing 120 may house a camera, one or more stimulation devices (e.g., an air compression module, a light source, a speaker, headphone jack, a vibrator), a processor, a memory, and any other components desired. In use, the camera and the one or more stimulation devices may be disposed proximate to the user’s face and eyes when during use of monitoring device 100. In some embodiments, one or more light sources are disposed adjacent the camera within housing 120. The one or more light sources (e.g., LEDs) may form a ring around the camera such that the camera lens is disposed within or close to the center of the ring. The one or more light sources may be infrared LEDs. In some embodiments, the one or more light sources are disposed on the sidewalls of housing 120 adjacent the user’s eyes when the user is using blink reflex headset 102. The one or more light sources may be disposed proximate one or more stimulation device. For example, the one or more light sources may be disposed proximate air compression module 300. In some embodiments, blink reflex headset 102 includes a headphone jack to allow the user to listen to sounds via headphones. The sounds may be configured to initiate a blink reflex. For example, a user utilizing blink reflex headset 102 may connect headphones to a headphone jack disposed on housing 120 of blink reflex headset 102 and blink reflex headset 102 may be configured to output a noise to the user via the headphone jack and headphones to initiate a blink reflex in the user. [0050] In some embodiments, housing 120 includes display screen 110. Display screen 110 may be disposed on housing 120 such that display screen 110 faces outward and away from the user. For example, display screen 110 may be disposed on an exterior surface of blink reflex headset 102. Display screen 110 may be sized to fit within the perimeter of housing 120. For example, display screen 110 may have a screen size of approximately 3 inches to approximately 10 inches, approximately 5 inches to approximately 8 inches, greater than 10 inches, or less than 3 inches. In some embodiments, display screen 110 is removably disposed in or on housing 120 or removably coupled to housing 120. For example, housing 120 may be configured to receive display screen 110 and display screen 110 may be decoupled from housing 120. In some embodiments, display screen 110 is a mobile device that is removably coupled to housing 120. For example, a user may couple a mobile device having a display screen to housing 120 to calibrate blink reflex headset 102 and may remove the mobile device to control blink reflex headset 102 remotely or proximate the user using monitoring device 100.

[0051] In practice, a medical professional or technician may interact with display screen 110 while monitoring device 100 is being used by a user. For example, display screen 110 may be a touch screen and a medical professional or technician may use display screen 110 to interact with blink reflex headset 102, adjust settings of blink reflex headset 102, calibrate blink reflex headset 102 and/or receive readings from blink reflex headset 102 while blink reflex headset 102 is being used by a user. Display screen 110 may be used to provide information about monitoring device 100. For example, display screen 110 may display data and/or visual representations of data associated with a blink reflex detected by monitoring device 100. In some embodiments, display screen 110 is used to help align the camera with the eyes of the user when blink reflex headset 102 is in use. For example, different users may have different distances between their eyes, and the camera and the one or more stimulation devices may need to be calibrated and adjusted to align with each user’s eyes.

[0052] In some embodiments, housing 120 is configured to receive and couple to substrate 108. Substrate 108 may be removably coupled to housing 120. Substrate 108 may be fixedly coupled to housing 120 or substrate 108 may be integrally formed with housing 120. In some embodiments, substrate 108 is secured to housing 120 via one or more fasteners. Substrate 108 may be secured to housing 120 via magnets, friction fitting, snap fasteners, hook and loop fasters, or any other fastening mechanism. Substrate 108 may be configured to protect the internal components of housing 120 and add structural support for blink reflex headset 102. In some embodiments, substrate 108 includes opening 127. Opening 127 may be configured to allow the camera, one or more stimulation devices (e.g., air compression module 300, light source, speaker), or any other component within housing 120 to have a pathway and access to the user’s eyes during use of monitoring device 100. For example, opening 127 may allow a camera disposed within housing 120 to have a line of sight to the user’s eyes to monitor their blink reflex during use of blink reflex headset 102.

[0053] In some embodiments, substrate 108 includes one or more extending members 124, which each may include pivot point 130. Substrate 108 may include two extending members 124, which each may include pivot point 130. In some embodiments, substrate 108 of blink reflex headset 102 includes two pivot points 130 each disposed on extending member 124. One pivot point 130 may be disposed opposite the other pivot point 130 along axis A-A. In some embodiments, first strap 104 and/or second strap 106 are coupled to extending member 124 at pivot points 130. Pivot points 130 may be disposed anywhere on blink reflex headset 102. In some embodiments, first strap 104 and/or second strap 106 are removably coupled to blink reflex headset 102 at pivot points 130. For example, first strap 104 and second strap 106 may be decoupled from blink reflex headset 102 at pivot points 130. First strap 104 and/or second strap 106 may be configured to pivot about pivot points 130 and axis A-A.

[0054] Blink reflex headset 102 may include comfort layer 122. Comfort layer 122 may be coupled to substrate 108 and may be configured to be in contact with the user’s face during use of monitoring device 100. Comfort layer 122 may include opening 128, which may align with opening 127 of substrate 108 to allow a pathway from the internal components within housing 120 (e.g., camera, infrared (IR) LEDs, light source, speaker, air compression module 300) to the user’s eyes.

In some embodiments, comfort layer 122 is comprised of soft and flexible material such that when comfort layer 122 is in contact with the user’s face, comfort layer 122 conforms to the shape of the user’s face allowing for a comfortable and tight seal of blink reflex headset 102 against the user’s face. Comfort layer 122 may be comprised of a softer (e.g., lower durometer) material than the material comprising housing 120 and/or substrate 108. For example, housing 120 and substrate 108 may be comprised of a rigid material to provide structure to blink reflex headset 102 and to provide protection to the internal components within housing 120. Comfort layer 122 may be comprised of softer material, such as a soft foam or rubber, for comfortably abutting and engaging with the user’s face. Comfort layer 122 may be configured to mold to different shapes. For example, comfort layer 122 may abut the user’s face and forehead during use of blink reflex headset 102, and comfort layer 122 may be configured to mold to different user anatomies (e.g., different face and forehead shapes) to create a tight and comfortable seal between blink reflex headset 102 and the user’s face. In some embodiments, comfort layer 122 is configured to provide a seal around the user’s face to help block or reduce external stimuli. For example, comfort layer 122 may prevent lights, noises, or air from entering the user’s eyesight or interfering with the output of one or more stimulation devices during use with monitoring device 100. In some embodiments, comfort layer 122 prevents stimuli (e.g., lights, noises, air) provided by the one or more stimulation devices from exiting or escaping blink reflex headset 102 when blink reflex headset 102 is coupled to a user’s face.

[0055] In some embodiments, comfort layer 122 is removably coupled to substrate 108. For example, comfort layer 122 may be coupled to substrate 108 without the need for fasteners to provide a clean and smooth surface to comfort layer 122. Comfort layer 122 may be coupled to substrate 108 via an adhesive, magnets, snap fasteners, hook and loop fasteners, or any other mechanism that allows for coupling of comfort layer 122 to substrate 108. In some embodiments, comfort layer 122 is coupled directly to housing 120 without the need for substrate 108. Comfort layer 122 may be easily removed from substrate 108 to allow for cleaning and/or replacing of comfort layer 122. In some embodiments, comfort layer 122 is easily replaceable or configured to be for single use only, such as being disposable. For example, comfort layer 122 may be replaced entirely or have layers of film that are removeable after each use to reduce the spread of germs and bacteria when multiple individuals are using blink reflex headset 102. Comfort layer 122 may also be easily cleaned or may be comprised of a bacteria resistant material.

[0056] In some embodiments, extending members 124 of substrate 108 extend past comfort layer 122 when comfort layer 122 is coupled to substrate 108. Comfort layer 122 may include grooves 129 that extending members 124 may extend through. However, extending members 124 may extend to grooves 129 or may extend such that they are disposed within grooves 129. In some embodiments, when blink reflex headset 102 is worn by a user and comfort layer 122 is coupled to substrate 108, extending member 124 extends through grooves 129 to an area of the user’s head proximate the user’s temples or ears. Extending members 124 may extend past comfort layer 122 to allow first strap 104 and/or second strap 106 to couple to pivot points 130 adjacent the user’s temples or ears. In use, when blink reflex headset 102 is placed on the user’s face, extending members 124 may extend proximate the user’s temples or ears such that the user’s eyes are disposed below extending members 124 and pivot points 130. In some embodiments, when blink reflex headset 102 is placed on the user’s face, the user’s eyes are closer to a bottom of blink reflex headset 102.

[0057] Referring to Fig. 1, first strap 104 may include first adjustment mechanism 116 and second strap 106 may include second adjustment mechanism 118. First adjustment mechanism 116 may be configured to shorten or lengthen a length of first strap 104 based on the shape of the user’s head. For example, first adjustment mechanism 116 may be adjusted to shorten the length of first strap 104 to better secure first strap 104 around the user’s head. In some embodiments, first strap

104 includes middle portion 105 and second strap 106 includes middle portion 107. Middle portion

105 may be a portion of first strap 104 located in the middle of first strap 104 and middle portion 107 may be a portion of second strap 106 located in the middle of second strap 106.

[0058] In practice, first adjustment mechanism 116 may be used to shorten the length of first strap 104 such that middle portion 105 moves closer to blink reflex headset 102 and pivot points 130. First adjustment mechanism 116 may also be used to lengthen the length of first strap 104 such that middle portion 105 moves away from blink reflex headset 102, pivot points 130, and axis A-A. Similarly, second adjustment mechanism 118 may be used to shorten the length of second strap 106 such that middle portion 107 moves closer to blink reflex headset 102 and pivot points 130. Second adjustment mechanism 118 may be used to lengthen the length of second strap 106 such that middle portion 107 moves away from blink reflex headset 102, pivot points 130, and axis A-A. In some embodiments, first adjustment mechanism 116 and second adjustment mechanism 118 are knob adjustment mechanisms. First adjustment mechanism 116 and second adjustment mechanism 118 may be magnets, snap fasteners, hook and loop fasteners, or any other type of adjusting mechanism. A user may use first adjustment mechanism 116 and/or second adjustment mechanism 118 to better secure and/or fit monitoring device 100 around their head.

[0059] Referring to Figs. 3-5, blink reflex headset 102 may include front end 112 and back end 114. Housing 120 may be disposed proximate front end 112 and comfort layer 122 may be disposed proximate back end 114. In some embodiments, back end 114 is disposed proximate the user’s face when monitoring device 100 is worn by the user. Back end 114 may be disposed opposite front end 112 and may be configured to receive the face of the user. Back end 114 may be proximate extending members 124 and pivot points 130. Front end 112 may include display screen 110. For example, display screen 110 may be disposed on an external surface of front end 112. In some embodiments, front end 112 includes a receptable configured to receive a display device, such as a mobile device having a display.

[0060] In some embodiments, monitoring device 100 includes imaginary plane 111 that extends through front end 112 and back end 114. Plane 111 may extend through extending members 124 and pivot points 130. In some embodiments, plane 111 extends through pivot points 130 and axis A-A, where first strap 104 and/or second strap 106 couple to blink reflex headset 102. Second strap

106 may be generally perpendicular to plane 111. For example, second strap 106 may extend around the top of the user’s head form ear-to-ear such that it is generally perpendicular to plane 111. In other words, second strap 106 may be disposed on a plane that is generally perpendicular to plane 111. For example, an imaginary plane may extend through the entirety of second strap 106 and the imaginary plane may be generally perpendicular to plane 111. In some embodiments, the imaginary plane of second strap 106 is at an angle from 45° to 135° to plane 111.

[0061] In some embodiments, first strap 104 is proximate to plane 111 compared to second strap 106. Monitoring device 100 may include angle a, which may be the angle between first strap 104 and plane 111. Angle a may be from approximately 10° to approximately 60°, approximately 15° to approximately 50°, or approximately 25° to approximately 45°, greater than 60° or less than 10°. In some embodiments, angle a is from approximately 15° to approximately 30°. Raising and lowering of first strap 104 along the user’s head (e.g., the user’s occipital bone) may result in an increase or decrease of angle a. For example, lowering first strap 104 down the user’s head towards their neck may cause first strap 104 to pivot downward about pivot point 130 and may result in an increase in angle a as first strap 104 moves away from plane 111. Raising of first strap 104 up the user’s head away from their neck may cause first strap 104 to pivot upward about pivot point 130 and may result in a decrease in angle a as first strap 104 approaches plane 111.

[0062] In some embodiments, first strap 104 and second strap 106 are coupled to blink reflex headset 102 at pivot points 130 and are configured to pivot about pivot points 130 relative to blink reflex headset 102. First strap 104 and second strap 106 may be configured to pivot about axis A-A when coupled to pivot points 130. First strap 104 and second strap 106 may be configured to pivot together relative to blink reflex headset 102, such that movement of first strap 104 causes movement of second strap 106. In some embodiments, pivoting of first strap 104 a certain amount results in pivoting of second strap 106 an equivalent amount. First strap 104 and second strap 106 may be pivoted relative to blink reflex headset 102 to adjust the position and securement of monitoring device 100 to the user’s head.

[0063] In practice, blink reflex headset 102 may be placed on the user’s face such that back end 114 receives the user’s face and the user’s face (e.g., eyes) are disposed at least partially within opening 128 of comfort layer 122. First strap 104 and second strap 106 may be adjusted and pivoted to secure blink reflex headset 102 in place and prevent further movement of blink reflex headset 102 relative to the user’s face. First strap 104 and second strap 106 may be pivoted about pivot points 130 relative to blink reflex headset 102 such that second strap 106 moves away from blink reflex headset 102 and towards the back of the user’s head in the rearward direction. Moving second strap

106 rearward results in first strap 104 moving further down the back of the user’s head towards their neck and results in an increase in angle a. In some embodiments, moving second strap 106 rearward towards the back of the user’s head allows first strap 104 to move lower under the occipital bone of the user and increases angle a thereby improving retention of blink reflex headset 102 to the user’s face while avoiding interference with the user’s ears. In some embodiments, pivoting second strap 106 rearward relative to blink reflex headset 102 causes first strap 104 to pivot rearward relative to blink reflex headset 102, which results in angle a increasing due to first strap 104 moving away from plane 111.

[0064] Referring to Figs. 4 and 5, pivoting of first strap 104 and second strap 106 allows for a better securement of blink reflex headset 102 to the user’s face when, for example, the length of first strap 104 and/or second strap 106 are adjusted. Further, pivoting of first strap 104 and second strap 106 allows for comfort layer 122 to be pressed against the user’s face to create a tighter seal of blink reflex headset 102 against the user’s face to assist in securement of blink reflex headset 102 against the user’s face and minimizing movement of blink reflex headset 102 relative to the user’s face and head. As indicated above, limiting movement of blink reflex headset 102 relative to the user’s face is imperative to ensure accurate measurements of the user’s blink reflex for diagnosis of neurological conditions or disorders. If first strap 104 and second strap 106 were not configured to pivot, then adjusting of the length of first strap 104, such as shortening, would result in blink reflex headset 102 and comfort layer 122 being lifted away from the user’s face. This can be seen in comparing the overlays of Figs. 4 and 5. The overlay of Fig. 4 illustrates that pivoting of first strap 104 and/or second strap 106 results in blink reflex headset 102 maintaining its position relative to the user’s face such as when first strap 104 and/or second strap 106 are moved or adjusted, whereas the overlay of Fig. 5 illustrates that not allowing first strap 104 and/or second strap 106 to pivot results in blink reflex headset 102 being moved relative to the user’s face (e.g., blink reflex headset 102 lifting away from the user’s face) when first strap 104 and/or second strap 106 are moved or adjusted.

[0065] In use, when monitoring device 100 is secured to the user’s head, the user’s head may be disposed between first strap 104 and second strap 106, and blink reflex headset 102. First strap 104 and second strap 106 may be configured to tightly secure blink reflex headset 102 to the user’s head. As a result, a clamping force may be felt by the user on their head due the user’s head being disposed and secured between blink reflex headset 102, and first strap 102 and second strap 106. In some embodiments, the softness and flexibility of comfort layer 122 along with the pivoting of first strap 104 and/or second strap 106 results in a distribution of the clamping force about the user’s forehead and head, thereby optimizing comfort, while ensuring securement of blink reflex headset 102 to the user’s head. For example, to better secure blink reflex headset 102 to the user’s head, first strap 104 may be shortened and disposed lower on the user’s occipital bone. Due to first strap 104 pivoting about pivot points 130 and axis A-A relative to blink reflex headset 102, when first strap 104 is shortened and disposed lower on the user’s occipital bone (e.g., towards their neck), blink reflex headset 102 may be pulled towards the user’s face such that blink reflex headset 102 becomes pressed against the user’s face. The force applied by blink reflex headset 102 to the user’s head and against the user’s face may be distributed around the user’s frontal bone and occipital bone via first strap 104 and/or second strap 106, along with being absorbed by comfort layer 122, thereby increasing comfort to the user. The ability of first strap 104 and second strap 106 to pivot may also assist in monitoring device 100 accommodating different head and forehead shapes to ensure a secure fit of blink reflex headset 102 against many different head and forehead shapes.

[0066] In some embodiments, monitoring device 100 includes one or more stimulation devices. For example, monitoring device 100 may include light sources, air compression modules (e.g., air compression module 300), speakers, vibrators, or any other devices configured to provide stimulation to a user. The stimulation produced by monitoring device 100 may cause a blink reflex, which may be monitored by blink reflex headset 102. In some embodiments, the one or more stimulation devices are configured to produce a stimulation for a predetermined amount of time and at a predetermined frequency. In some embodiment, monitoring device 100 is configured to provide a combination of different stimulations via the one or more stimulation devices to initiate a blink reflex. For example, monitoring device 100 may produce a puff of air to cause a blink reflex and then subsequent to the blink, produce a flash of light to cause another blink reflex. The timing between the stimulation and the responsive blink may be monitored to determine a blink reflex of the user to detect the presence or absence of a neurological condition or disorder. In some embodiments, monitoring device 100 provides a different stimulation for each user. For example, monitoring device 100 may produce a puff of air to initiate a blink reflex in a first user, but then generate a flash of light to initiate a blink reflex in a second user different from the first user. Monitoring device 100 may use multiple stimulation devices with the same user. For example, monitoring device 100 may use a flash of light produced by a light source for a user to initiate a blink reflex, then use a speaker to produce noise to initiate another blink reflex.

[0067] Referring to Figs. 6-11, there is shown a second exemplary embodiment. Monitoring device 200 is similar to monitoring device 100 shown in Figs. 1-5, and as discussed herein, but includes a single strap, such as strap 204. In some embodiments, strap 204 is substantially similar to first strap 104 of Figs. 1-5. Strap 204 may be pivotally coupled to blink reflex headset 202. For example, strap 204 may be coupled to blink reflex headset 202 at pivot points 230. Similar to monitoring device 100 and blink reflex headset 102, blink reflex headset 202 may include front end 212 and back end 214. Blink reflex headset 202 may be substantially similar to blink reflex headset 102 of Figs. 1-5. In some embodiments, blink reflex headset 202 includes two pivot points 230 disposed on opposite sides of blink reflex headset 202 proximate back end 214. Blink reflex headset 202 may include axis B-B extending through pivot points 230 and strap 204 may be configured to pivot about pivot points 230 and axis B-B. Blink reflex headset 202 may include display screen 210 disposed on exterior surface 215 of front end 212. Back end 214 may be disposed opposite front end 212 and proximate the user’s face compared to front end 212 when monitoring device 200 is secured to the user’s head.

[0068] Referring to Figs. 6-7B, monitoring device 200 may include imaginary first plane 211 and imaginary second plane 209. First plane 211 may extend through front end 212 and back end 214 and second plane 209 may extend between front end 212 and back end 214 such that second plane 209 is disposed between front end 212 and back end 214. In some embodiments, first plane 211 is generally perpendicular to second plane 209. However, first plane 211 may be disposed at an angle from approximately 45° to approximately 135° to second plane 209. For example, first plane 211 may be disposed at an angle of approximately 45°, approximately 60°, approximately 90°, approximately 120°, approximately 135°, greater than 90° or less than 90° to second plane 209.

First plane 211 may extend through pivot points 230, axis B-B, and display screen 210. In some embodiments, second plane 209 is equidistant from front end 212 and back end 214. However, second plane 209 may be disposed proximate front end 212 or proximate back end 214. In some embodiments, first plane 211 intersects second plane 209 between front end 212 and back end 214. For example, the intersection of first plane 211 and second plane 209 may be a line disposed between front end 212 and back end 214. In some embodiments, the line at the intersection of first plane 211 and second plane 209 is substantially parallel to axis B-B. The line at the intersection of first plane 211 and second plane 209 may be proximate to axis B-B or may coincide with axis B-B. [0069] In some embodiments, strap 204 is configured to be in a first position or a second position. Strap 204 may be configured to be releasably locked in the first position and/or the second position. When strap 204 is in the first position, strap 204 may be proximate first plane 211 compared to when strap 204 is in the second position. In the first position, strap 204 may be configured to secure blink reflex headset 202 to the user’s head. For example, in the first position, strap 204 may extend away from blink reflex headset 202 along first plane 211 and strap 204 may be a loop disposed around the user’s head to secure blink reflex headset 202 to the user’s head. Strap 204 may be configured to pivot about pivot points 230 and axis A-A relative to blink reflex headset 202 to move from the first position to the second position. Pivot points 230 may be disposed proximate back end 214. In some embodiments, blink reflex headset 202 includes two pivot points 230 disposed on opposite sides of back end 214. Strap 204 may include first end 204a coupled to one pivot point and second end 204b coupled to a different pivot point, each pivot point may be disposed proximate back end 214.

[0070] In the second position, strap 204 may be positioned below blink reflex headset 202 and along second plane 209. Strap 204 may be secured and locked in the second position such that strap 204 cannot be moved relative to blink reflex headset 202. In some embodiments, when strap 204 is in the second position, strap 204 is configured to support blink reflex headset 202 above a surface or to a surface. For example, when strap 204 is in the second position, strap 204 may be coupled to a mount, stand, or tripod to support blink reflex headset 202 above a surface. In some embodiments, strap 204 is locked in the second position via a locking mechanism (e.g., pin assembly 250 in Figs.

11 A-l IB), and secured to a mount, stand, or tripod such that strap 204 is prevented from moving relative to blink reflex headset 202.

[0071] Referring to Fig 8, strap 204 may be configured to be in the first position (X) or the second position (Y). Strap 204 may be moved from the first position (X) to the second position (Y) based on the configuration desired by the user. In some embodiments, monitoring device 200 includes angle B formed between strap 204 being in the first position (X) and strap 204 being in the second position (Y). For example, moving strap 204 from the first position (X) to the second position (Y) may result in pivoting or rotating strap 204 may angle b. Angle B may be from approximately 10° to approximately 135°, approximately 45° to approximately 120°, or approximately 75° to approximately 90°, greater than 90° or less than 120°. In some embodiments, angle a is from approximately 60° to approximately 120°.

[0072] Referring to Figs. 7A-8, monitoring device 200 may include surface mount adapter or adapter 231. Adapter 231 may be a tripod adapter 231 configured to couple monitoring device 200 to a tripod. Adapter 231 may be removably coupled to strap 204 and may assist strap 204 in coupling blink reflex headset 202 to a mount, stand, or tripod. Adapter 231 may include receiving portion 232, which may be configured to receive and couple to strap 204. For example, receiving portion 232 may be a groove sized and shaped to receive and secure strap 204 such that strap 204 is secured to and within receiving portion 232 of adapter 231. Strap 204 may be secured to receiving portion 232 via friction fitting strap 204 within receiving portion 232. In some embodiments, strap

204 is secured to receiving portion 232 via one or more of magnets, hook and loop fasteners, snap fasteners, or any other type of securing mechanism. In some embodiments, receiving portion 232 is configured to releasably couple to and secure strap 204. Receiving portion 232 may be U-shaped to match the shape profile of strap 204. Receiving portion 232 may be circular, rectangular, triangular, or any other shape to match the shape profile of strap 204. Adapter 231 may include extending member 234, which may include coupling member 236. Extending member 234 may extend outwardly from receiving portion 232 and may be perpendicular to receiving portion 232. Coupling member 236 may be disposed on extending member 234 and may couple adapter 231 to a mount, stand, or tripod. In some embodiments, when adapter 231 is coupled to blink reflex headset 202, extending member 234 may extend away from blink reflex headset 202 towards front end 212.

[0073] Referring to Figs. 9 and 10, adapter 231 is configured to couple monitoring device 200 to stand 240 to prevent unnecessary movement of monitoring device 200 and blink reflex headset 202 during use. Stand 240 may be a mount, a tripod, or any other device capable of supporting blink reflex headset 202 on a surface or coupling blink reflex headset 202 to a surface. In some embodiments, strap 204 is configured to coupled directly to stand 240. For example, strap 204 may be moved to the second position and coupled directly to stand 240 without the need for adapter 231. In some embodiments, strap 204 being in the second position does not prevent access to any ports, components, or compartments of blink reflex headset 202. In use, strap 204 being in the second position may not interfere with use of blink reflex headset 202. For example, strap 204 being in the second position may provide clearance for the user’s chin and mouth when the user is using blink reflex headset 202.

[0074] Referring to Fig. 6, strap 204 may include adjustment mechanism 218. Adjustment mechanism 218 may be substantially similar to first adjustment mechanism 116 and/or second adjustment mechanism 118 of Figs. 1-5. Adjustment mechanism 218 may be configured to shorten or lengthen a length of strap 204. For example, adjustment mechanism 218 may be adjusted to shorten the length of strap 204 to better secure strap 204 around the user’s head when strap 204 is in the first position or to raise or lower blink reflex headset 202 relative to a surface when strap 204 is in the second position. In some embodiments, adjustment mechanism 218 is a knob adjustment mechanism. Adjustment mechanism 218 may be magnets, snap fasteners, hook and loop fasteners, or any other type of adjusting mechanism.

[0075] Referring to Figs. 1 lA-11C, monitoring device 200 may include pin assembly 250. Pin assembly 250 may be configured to releasably couple to strap 204 and allow strap 204 to pivot about pivot points 230 and axis B-B relative to blink reflex headset 202. Blink reflex headset 202 may include body 220, which may house the components of blink reflex headset 202. In some embodiments, body 220 is substantially rigid to protect the components disposed within blink reflex headset 202. Body 220 may extend from front end 212 to back end 214. In some embodiments, body 220 includes display screen 210 and pivot points 230. Strap 204 may be coupled to body 220 of blink reflex headset 202 at pivot points 230.

[0076] In some embodiments, pin assembly 250 is disposed within body 220 of blink reflex headset 202. Pin assembly 250 may allow strap 204, adapter 231, stand 240, or any other component to couple to blink reflex headset 202. In some embodiments, pin assembly 250 allows for the coupling of one or more components (e.g., strap 204, adapter 231, stand 240) to blink reflex headset 202 without tools or with the minimal use of tools. For example, strap 204 may be quickly coupled and decoupled from blink reflex headset 202 using pin assembly 250, without the need for tools. Pin assembly 250 may securely couple one or more components (e.g., strap 204) to blink reflex headset 202 to such that pin assembly 250 prevent inadvertent decoupling of the one or more components from blink reflex headset 202 during movement, adjustment, or contact with monitoring device 200.

[0077] Pin assembly 250 may include base 252, plunger 254, and biasing element 256. Base 252 may be disposed within body 220 of blink reflex headset 202 proximate back end 214. Pin assembly 250 may disposed within blink reflex headset 202 such that plunger 254 is exposed through body 220. Base 252 may include recess 253 and plunger 254 may be disposed within recess 253. Biasing element 256 may be coupled to base 252 within recess 253 and also coupled to plunger 254. Biasing element 256 may be configured to bias plunger 254 outwards away from base 252 and away from first plane 211. Plunger 254 may be configured to removably coupled to one or more components, such as strap 204. For example, strap 204 may be coupled to plunger 254 to secure strap 204 to blink reflex headset 202. In some embodiments, pin assembly 250 is configured to lock strap 204 in the first position or the second position when strap 204 is coupled to blink reflex headset 202 via pin assembly 250.

[0078] In practice, strap 204 may be coupled to plunger 254 of pin assembly 250. Plunger 254 may be biased outwards away from body 220 of blink reflex headset 202. Plunger 254 may be received by a recess of strap 204 to secure strap 204 to plunger 254. In some embodiments, plunger 254 is located at pivot point 230 such that strap 204 couples to plunger 254 at pivot point 230. To release strap 204 from plunger 254, plunger 254 may be pushed inwards, towards body 220. In practice, strap 204 may include an opening to allow a user to access plunger 254 to push in plunger 254 and thus remove strap 204 from plunger 254 and pin assembly 250. [0079] Referring to Figs. 12 and 13, the one or more stimulation devices may include air compression module 300. Air compression module 300 may be disposed within blink reflex headset 102 or 202. In some embodiments, air compression module 300 is configured to deliver compressed gas towards the eyes of a user when the blink reflex headset 102 or 202 is placed on the user’s face. The compressed gas delivered by air compression module 300 may be used to initiate a blink reflex of the user using monitoring device 100 and 200. In practice, a user may place blink reflex headset 102 or 202 against their face such that their eyes and line of sight are within the perimeter of blink reflex headset 102 or 202. Air compression module 300 may be initiated to output one or more bursts of compressed air towards the user’s eyes to trigger a blink reflex of the user. Once air compression module 300 outputs one or more bursts of compressed air towards the user’s eyes, blink reflex headset 102 or 202 may determine the blink reflex of the user based on the time delay between the output of the burst of compressed air and the blinking of the user’s eyes.

[0080] Air compression module 300 may include compressed air source or gas source 352, holding tank 351, power source 356, and regulator 354. Holding tank 351 may be coupled to gas source 352 and may receive gas outputted from gas source 352. In some embodiments, regulator 354 controls gas source 352 and outputs gas from gas source 352 into holding tank 351 prior to being release to the user to initiate a blink reflex. Regulator 354 may be a valve and may be coupled to power source 356 and gas source 352. Regulator 354 may be coupled to gas source 352 or may be integrally formed with gas source 352. Regulator 354 may be configured to reduce the pressure of the gas outputted by gas source 352. For example, regulator 354 may be configured to step down the pressure outputted from gas source 352 to under 100 PSI. In some embodiments, the pressure of the gas outputted by gas source 352 is approximately 900 PSI and regulator 354 is configured to step down the pressure from gas source 352 to less than 100 PSI. Regulator 354 may be configured to step down the pressure to less than 500 PSI, less than 400 PSI, less than 200 PSI, or less than 50 PSI. In some embodiments, regulator 354 is configured to allow certain amounts of pressure into holding tank 351 that can then be released at different pressures to initiate one or more blink reflexes. Regulator 354 may be configured to allow for different outputs of pressure of gas for different users of blink reflex headset 102 or 202.

[0081] Regulator 354 may be configured to fine tune the pressure of gas outputted by blink reflex headset 102 or 202 that initiates the blink reflex of the user. Regulator 354 may be configured to output gas (via gas source 352) at the minimum pressure required to initiate a blink reflex. For example, regulator 354 may be configured to output gas at a pressure of less than 50 PSI, such as approximately 42 PSI. In some embodiments, regulator 354 is configured to received compressed gas from gas source 352 and output compressed gas from blink reflex headset 102 or 202 at a predetermined pressure for a predetermined duration. For example, regulator 354 may be configured to output compressed gas at a pressure of approximately 30 PSI to approximately 50 PSI. In some embodiments, regulator 354 is configured to output gas at a pressure of approximately 10 PSI to approximately 100 PSI, approximately 20 PSI to approximately 80 PSI, or approximately 40 PSI to approximately 60 PSI. In some embodiments, regulator 354 outputs a first puff of compressed gas at a first pressure and then a second puff of compressed air at a second pressure different than the first pressure. The first pressure may be less than or greater than the second pressure. In some embodiments, regulator 354 outputs compressed gas at the first pressure for one or more puffs and then outputs compressed gas at the second pressure for one or more puffs. In some embodiments, monitoring device 100 is configured to output a first puff of compressed gas via air compression module 300. If monitoring device 100 does not detect a blink reflex in response to the first puff of compressed gas, such as, for example, the blink reflex being absent, monitoring device 100 may be configured to output a second puff of compressed gas via air compression module 300.

[0082] Regulator 354 may be configured to determine the minimum pressure required to initiate a blink reflex. During use, regulator 354 may initially output compressed gas at a low pressure and gradually increase the pressure of compressed gas outputted until a blink reflex is detected. In some embodiments, regulator 354 increases the pressure of compressed gas by approximately 1 PSI to 3 approximately PSI. Regulator 354 may increase the pressure of compressed gas by approximately 0.5 PSI to approximately 5 PSI, approximately 1 PSI to approximately 3 PSI, less than 0.5 PSI or greater than 5 PSI.

[0083] In some embodiments, regulator 354 is a solenoid valve or a cartridge valve. In some embodiments, gas source 352 is a cylinder of pressurized air or gas, such as carbon dioxide (CO2). Gas source 352 may include one or more of a pressure pump, a gas reservoir, and a pressure sensor. Regulator 354 may be configured to receive pressurized gas from gas source 352 and output it through blink reflex headset 102 or 202, such as via an opening disposed proximate back end 214 of body 220. Regulator 354 may include a step-down regulator configured to decrease the pressure of gas released from gas source 352 and outputted by regulator 354. In some embodiments, regulator 354 includes a manually adjustable regulator configured to decrease the pressure of gas outputted by gas source 352.

[0084] Referring to Fig. 13, air compression module 300 may be disposed within blink reflex headset 302, such as within body 320 of blink reflex headset 302. Blink reflex headset 302 may be substantially the same as blink reflex headset 102 or 202. Blink reflex headset 302 may include compartment 360, which may provide access to gas source 352 of air compression module 300. In some embodiments, compartment 360 is disposed within body 220 proximate front end 372. However, compartment 360 may be disposed proximate back end 374. Compartment 360 may be disposed on a side of blink reflex headset 302 to provide easy access by a user to compartment 360 and gas source 352. In some embodiments, blink reflex headset 302 includes port 358. Port 358 may be configured to receive gas source 352. In some embodiments, port 358 is in communication with air compression module 300. Port 358 may be disposed within compartment 360 and provide easy access to gas source 352. For example, compartment 360 may allow a user to quickly replace gas source 352 once gas source 352 becomes damaged or depleted. Gas source 352 may be easily replaced without having to disassemble blink reflex headset 302. In some embodiments, pivoting of the straps of blink reflex headset 302 does not interfere with access to compartment 360.

[0085] It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes could be made to the exemplary embodiments shown and described above without departing from the broad inventive concepts thereof. It is to be understood that the embodiments and claims disclosed herein are not limited in their application to the details of construction and arrangement of the components set forth in the description and illustrated in the drawings. Rather, the description and the drawings provide examples of the embodiments envisioned. The embodiments and claims disclosed herein are further capable of other embodiments and of being practiced and carried out in various ways.

[0086] Specific features of the exemplary embodiments may or may not be part of the claimed invention and various features of the disclosed embodiments may be combined. Unless specifically set forth herein, the terms “a”, “an” and “the” are not limited to one element but instead should be read as meaning “at least one”. Finally, unless specifically set forth herein, a disclosed or claimed method should not be limited to the performance of their steps in the order written, and one skilled in the art can readily appreciate that the steps may be performed in any practical order.

Claims

CLAIMS What is claimed is:

1. A blink reflex monitoring device comprising: a blink reflex headset having a front end, a back end, a first plane extending through the front end and the back end, and a second plane intersecting the first plane between the front end and the back end, the back end configured to receive a portion of a face of a user and disposed opposite the front end; and a strap coupled to the blink reflex monitoring device and having a first position and a second position, wherein in the first position the strap extends away from the blink reflex monitoring device along the first plane and is configured to secure the blink reflex monitoring device to a head of a user and in the second position the strap extends below the blink reflex monitoring device along the second plane and is configured to support the blink reflex monitoring device above a surface.

2. The blink reflex monitoring device of claim 1 further comprising: a tripod adapter removably coupled to the strap and configured to couple the blink reflex monitoring device to a tripod when the strap is in the second position.

3. The blink reflex monitoring device of claim 2, wherein the tripod adapter includes U-shaped receiving portion that couples to the strap.

4. The blink reflex monitoring device of claim 3, wherein the tripod adapter includes a coupling member that extends outwardly from the U-shaped receiving portion.

5. The blink reflex monitoring device of claim 2, wherein the tripod adapter is removably coupled to the strap.

6. The blink reflex monitoring device of claim 2, wherein the strap is pivotally coupled to the blink reflex monitoring device at a pivot point, the pivot point being disposed proximate the back end.

7. The blink reflex monitoring device of claim 6, wherein when the strap moves from the first position to the second position, the strap pivots about the pivot point relative to the blink reflex monitoring device.

8. The blink reflex monitoring device of claim 1, wherein the strap is a loop and in the first position the strap is disposed around the head of the user.

9. The blink reflex monitoring device of claim 1, wherein the strap is releasably locked in place relative to the blink reflex monitoring device in at least the second position via a locking mechanism to prevent movement of the strap relative to the blink reflex monitoring device.

10. The blink reflex monitoring device of claim 1, wherein the blink reflex monitoring device includes a display screen disposed on an external surface of the front end, the display screen facing away from the user when in use.

11. The blink reflex monitoring device of claim 1, wherein the strap includes a first end and a second end each coupled to a portion of the blink reflex monitoring device proximate the back end.

12. The blink reflex monitoring device of claim 1 further comprising: a pin assembly disposed within the blink reflex monitoring device proximate the back end, the pin assembly having a plunger coupled to the strap to secure the strap to the blink reflex monitoring device, a biasing element biasing the plunger outwardly relative to the first plane, and a base having a receptable to receive the biasing element and the plunger.

13. The blink reflex monitoring device of claim 1, wherein the blink reflex monitoring device includes a camera and a stimulation device, stimulation device including one or more of an air compression module, a light source, and a speaker and the camera configured to monitor an eye blink of the user in response to a stimulation delivered by the stimulation device.

14. The blink reflex monitoring device of claim 1, wherein an angle is formed between the strap being in the first position and the strap being in the second position, the angle being approximately 75° to approximately 135°.

15. A blink reflex monitoring device comprising: a blink reflex headset having a front end, a back end, and a plane extending through the front end and the back end, the back end configured to receive a portion of a face of a user and disposed opposite the front end; and a first strap and a second strap, each coupled to the blink reflex monitoring device, the first strap configured to be secured around a head of the user and the second strap being disposed on the head of the user, the first strap being proximate the plane compared to the second strap and the second strap being generally perpendicular to the plane.

16. The blink reflex monitoring device of claim 15, wherein the blink reflex headset includes a rigid body, a substrate coupled to the rigid body, and a comfort layer coupled to the substrate, the substrate being disposed between the rigid body and the comfort layer.

17. The blink reflex monitoring device of claim 15, wherein the blink reflex headset includes a camera and a stimulation device including one or more of an air compression module, a light source, and a speaker.

18. The blink reflex monitoring device of claim 15, wherein the first strap is fixedly coupled to the second strap such that movement of the first strap causes movement of the second strap.

19. A blink reflex monitoring device comprising: a blink reflex headset having a front end and a back end, the back end configured to receive a portion of a face of a user and disposed opposite the front end; at least one strap coupled to the blink reflex headset proximate the back end, the at least one strap configured to be secured around a head of a user; and an air compression module including a source of compressed air and a valve, the air compression module disposed within the blink reflex monitoring device and the valve configured to output compressed air from the back end at a pressure of approximately 30 PSI to approximately 50 PSI.

20. A method for measuring a blink reflex, the method comprising: providing a blink reflex headset to a user, the blink reflex headset having an air compression module including a compressed air source and a valve; outputting a first burst of compressed air from the compressed air source through the valve at a first a pressure; detecting a presence or an absence of a blink in response to the first burst of compressed air at the first pressure; if the blink is present, then measuring a duration between the output of the first burst of compressed air at the first pressure and the blink to determine the blink reflex; and if the blink is absent, then outputting a second burst of compressed air from the compressed air source at a second pressure, the second pressure being greater than the first pressure and measuring a duration between the output of the second burst of compressed air at the second pressure and the blink to determine the blink reflex.