WO2022260622A2 - A waste heat energy production and control system - Google Patents

A waste heat energy production and control system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022260622A2
WO2022260622A2 PCT/TR2022/050338 TR2022050338W WO2022260622A2 WO 2022260622 A2 WO2022260622 A2 WO 2022260622A2 TR 2022050338 W TR2022050338 W TR 2022050338W WO 2022260622 A2 WO2022260622 A2 WO 2022260622A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
providing
pump
waste heat
value
turbine
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/TR2022/050338
Other languages
French (fr)
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WO2022260622A3 (en
Inventor
Hasan Ayarturk
Original Assignee
Repg Enerji Sistemleri Sanayi Ve Ticaret Anonim Sirketi
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Application filed by Repg Enerji Sistemleri Sanayi Ve Ticaret Anonim Sirketi filed Critical Repg Enerji Sistemleri Sanayi Ve Ticaret Anonim Sirketi
Publication of WO2022260622A2 publication Critical patent/WO2022260622A2/en
Publication of WO2022260622A3 publication Critical patent/WO2022260622A3/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
    • F01K13/02—Controlling, e.g. stopping or starting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D21/00—Shutting-down of machines or engines, e.g. in emergency; Regulating, controlling, or safety means not otherwise provided for
    • F01D21/12—Shutting-down of machines or engines, e.g. in emergency; Regulating, controlling, or safety means not otherwise provided for responsive to temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/16—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type
    • F01K7/165—Controlling means specially adapted therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
    • F22D5/00—Controlling water feed or water level; Automatic water feeding or water-level regulators
    • F22D5/26—Automatic feed-control systems
    • F22D5/32—Automatic feed-control systems influencing the speed or delivery pressure of the feed pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
    • F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2270/00—Control
    • F05D2270/80—Devices generating input signals, e.g. transducers, sensors, cameras or strain gauges

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a waste heat energy production system which provides production of electrical energy in the most efficient manner from the heat energy obtained from a source and which provides protection of the continuity of said efficient energy production and which provides sharing of the efficient energy production conditions in order to be used in other units.
  • Organic Rankine Cycle system provides transformation of the heat energy, obtained from various sources, into electrical energy and provides production of energy from the waste heat.
  • organic compounds are used as the fluid which realizes work in organic rankine cycles.
  • the operation liquid in other words, the fluid liquid is pumped from low pressure to high pressure. Small amount of energy is input to the system primarily for the operation of the pump.
  • the high pressure liquid is heated by a heat source, and is turned into dry vapor form, and waste heat is removed by means of heat exchangers.
  • the liquid, turned into vapor form, is expanded along a turbine. Electrical energy is produced from the mechanical energy formed by hitting of the liquid to the vanes of the turbine.
  • the fluid, which passes through the turbine, passes through a condenser and is condensed.
  • the condensed fluid enters a cycle by means of the pump again. While the pump is operated by means of a part of the energy produced in the turbine, the remaining part is given to the grid.
  • the present invention relates to a waste heat energy production system, for eliminating the abovementioned disadvantages and for bringing new advantages to the related technical field.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a waste heat energy production system which provides production of electrical energy from heat energy, obtained from a source, in an efficient manner and which provides continuity of said electrical energy.
  • the present invention is a waste heat energy production system
  • a waste heat source for providing transfer of the waste heat to a fluid
  • a pump for providing adjustment of the pressure value of the fluid which exits said waste heat source
  • a heat transfer unit for providing change of heat of the fluid which exits said pump
  • a turbine for providing production of energy from the fluid coming from said heat transfer unit
  • said waste heat energy production system is for providing operation of said turbine and said pump at efficient frequency values and for providing production of efficient energy.
  • the subject matter waste heat energy production system comprises a first temperature sensor for providing measurement of the temperature of the fluid which comes to the waste heat source; a second temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the fluid which exits the waste heat source and which is actuated by means of the pump; a first control module for controlling operation of the pump; a second control module for controlling operation of the turbine; a main control unit configured to realize data exchange with said first control module, said second control module, said first temperature sensor and said second temperature sensor; a communication unit for providing transfer of the data, taken from the main control unit, to a far server; the main control unit is configured to:
  • - provide beginning of the operation of the turbine and the pump at reference frequency values; - provide taking of measurements continuously from the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor;
  • the most efficient frequency values are continuously detected for the pump and for the turbine, and the detected values are shared with the other machines.
  • a regenerative braking module is provided which is connected to the first control module and the second control module.
  • a power supply is provided which is connected to said regenerative braking module.
  • the produced energy is transferred to the power supply.
  • the main control unit is configured to realize the process steps of:
  • the present invention relates to a waste heat energy production system (10) which provides production of electrical energy in the most efficient manner from the heat energy obtained from a source and which provides protection of continuity of said efficient energy production and which provides sharing of efficient energy production conditions in order to be used in other units.
  • waste heat energy production system (10) heat is applied from the heat source, and fluids are used which have hydrocarbon compounds which have low critical temperature and low pressure and which have high molecular mass and which have low corrosion danger.
  • the waste heat energy production system (10) comprises a waste heat source (11) for providing transfer of waste heat to said fluid.
  • a pump (12) for providing adjustment of the movement of the fluid which exits the waste heat source (11).
  • a first control module (121) embodied to control the operation of said pump (12).
  • a first temperature sensor (13) for providing measurement of the temperature of the fluid which exits the pump (12).
  • a heat transfer unit (14) where the fluid, measured by means of said first temperature sensor (13), is transferred by means of the pump (12).
  • exchanger with plate is used which provides separation of two different fluids from each other with the help of plates and which provides heat transfer of said plates between said fluids.
  • a turbine (16) for providing production of electrical energy from the fluid which exits said heat transfer unit (14).
  • Said turbine (16) is embodied to provide production of electrical energy from mechanical energy formed by hitting of the fluid to the vanes.
  • a second control module (161) embodied to control operation of the turbine (16).
  • a second temperature sensor (15) which provides measurement of the temperature of the fluid which passes from the heat transfer unit (14) to the waste heat source (11).
  • There is a main control unit (17) configured to provide data exchange with said first temperature sensor (13), said second temperature sensor (15), said first control module (121) and said second control module (161).
  • There is a communication unit (20) embodied to receive data from the main control unit (17).
  • Said communication unit (20) is embodied to provide transfer of the data, received from the main control unit (17), to a far server (21).
  • the communication unit (20) is provided to communicate in a wired or wireless manner.
  • the data is sent to the other units by means of devices like other communication unit (20), etc. connected to the server (21).
  • There is a regenerative braking module (18) which provides transfer of the energy to a power supply (19) in accordance with the signals received from the first control module (121) and the second control module (161).
  • Said regenerative braking module (18) provides transfer of the excessive energy, produced in the turbine (16), to said power supply (19).
  • the power supply (19) can be a grid.
  • the required energy is given from the power supply (19) to the pump (12) for providing firstly operating of the waste heat energy production system (10).
  • the energy of the pump (12) is provided by means of the energy produced in the turbine (16), and afterwards, the remaining excessive energy is transferred to the power supply (19) by means of the regenerative braking module (18).
  • the main control unit (17) is embodied to provide operation of the turbine (16) and the pump (12) at reference beginning values.
  • a first temperature value of the fluid, activated by means of operation of the pump (12) and the turbine (16) is measured by means of the first temperature sensor (13) while the fluid is exiting the pump (12).
  • a second temperature value of the fluid, which comes from the turbine (16) to the heat transfer unit (14), is measured by means of the second temperature sensor (15) at the outlet of the heat transfer unit (14).
  • the main control unit (17) provides taking the difference of the first temperature value taken from the first temperature sensor (13) and the second temperature value taken from the second temperature sensor (15).
  • the main control unit (17) provides comparing of the difference with a predetermined reference value.
  • the main control unit (17) detects that the difference is a value which is different from the reference value, it provides transferring a first control signal to the first control module (121) for providing operation of the pump (12) at suitable frequency value.
  • the first control module (121) provides changing of the operation frequency of the pump (12) depending on the first control signal coming from the main control unit (17).
  • the main control unit (17) moreover detects that the difference is different from the reference value, it sends a second control signal to the second control module (161) for providing operation of the turbine (16) at suitable frequency value.
  • the second control unit provides changing of the operation frequency of the turbine (16) depending on the second control signal coming from the main control unit (17). Said process is continuously repeated until the frequency value where the most efficient energy is produced.
  • the operation is made stable by producing energy in the most efficient manner, and operation is continued at the determined frequency values.
  • the main control unit (17) provides transfer of data to a far server (21) by means of a communication unit (20) for providing transfer of the frequency values, where the determined efficient energy is produced, to other machines. Efficient frequency values are taken through the other machine networks connected to the server (21) and the system is operated in a stable form at the taken values.
  • the main control unit (17) provides transfer of the energy produced in the turbine (16) to the pump (12) and can provide operation of the pump (12). The remaining energy is transferred to the grid, which is the power supply (19), by means of the regenerative braking module (18).
  • the required energy is provided to the pump (12) from the power supply (19).
  • the pump (12) which firstly takes the energy, realizes cycle, operation is continued by means of the energy produced in the turbine (16).
  • the waste heat energy production system (10) needs energy for operation of the pump (12) at the beginning, the energy need of the pump (12) is met by means of the energy produced afterwards.
  • the pump (12) draws the energy, needed for operation, from the power supply (19) by means of the first control module (121).
  • the actuation of the source which exists in the waste heat energy production system (10) begins.
  • the main control unit (17) provides operation of the pump (12) and the turbine (16) at beginning reference values.
  • the fluid, which exits the waste heat source (11), is actuated by means of the pump (12).
  • the temperature of the source, which exits the pump (12) is continuously measured by means of the first temperature sensor (13), and the measured temperature values are continuously sent to the main control unit (17).
  • the source, which passes through the pump (12), is transferred to the heat transfer unit (14).
  • the temperature of the source which exits the heat transfer unit (14) is continuously measured by means of the second temperature sensor (15), and the measured temperature values are transferred to the main control unit (17) continuously.
  • the main control unit (17) provides the difference of the temperature values, taken from the first temperature sensor (13) and from the second temperature sensor (15), to be taken with respect to each other.
  • the main control unit (17) provides comparison of the first difference with a predetermined reference value. In case the main control unit (17) detects that the difference is different from the reference value, the operation frequencies of the pump (12) and the turbine (16) are changed.
  • the main control unit (17) provides detection of the operation frequency values of the pump (12) and turbine (16) at the instant where the difference is closest to the reference value.
  • said frequency values are transferred to a server (21) by means of the communication unit (20).
  • the machines, connected to the server (21), are operated at the most efficient frequency values and energy is produced in an efficient manner. Thus, the machines are operated again one by one, and the time and energy consumption need for detecting the efficient frequency value is prevented.
  • the main control unit (17) moreover provides realization of the source stabilization control of the heat source. This condition provides evaluation of whether the heat source is a stable or a variable heat source.
  • the operation of the system is provided as mentioned above.
  • the main control unit (17) operates the system with reference frequency values. The difference of the temperature values taken from the first temperature sensor (13) and the second temperature sensor (15) with respect to each other is taken. The difference is compared with the reference value. The frequency values of the pump (12) and of the turbine (16) are increased depending on the variability of the difference when compared with the reference value.
  • the main control unit (17) provides sending of the first control signal to the first control module (121).
  • the first control module (121) provides increasing of the frequency value of the pump (12) with respect to the first control signal coming from the main control unit (17).
  • the main control unit (17) moreover provides transfer of the second control signal to the second control module (161) for providing increase of the frequency value of the turbine (16).
  • the second control module (161) provides increase of the frequency value of the turbine (16) with respect to the second control signal coming from the main control unit (17).
  • the main control unit (17) provides measurement of the temperature values of the fluid again by means of the first temperature sensor (13) and the second temperature sensor (15). The difference of the measured temperature values is taken again.
  • the main control unit (17) provides comparing of the obtained difference and the reference value again.
  • the main control unit (17) provides transfer of the first control signal to the first control module (121) for providing increase of the frequency value of the pump (12).
  • the first control module (121) provides increase of the frequency value of the pump (12) in accordance with the second control signal which comes from the main control unit (17).
  • the main control unit (17) moreover provides transfer of the second control signal to the second control module (161) for providing increase of the frequency value of the turbine (16).
  • the second control module (161) provides increase of the operation frequency of the turbine (16) in accordance with the third control signal which comes from the main control unit (17).
  • the energy, produced from the turbine (16) can be used for operation of the pump (12).
  • the remaining energy is transferred to the power supply (19) by means of the regenerative braking module (18).
  • the main control unit (17) provides continuation until it is detected that the comparison results of the same process steps are different from the prior comparison result. In case the main control unit (17) detects that the comparison result is different from the prior comparison result, the frequency values are reduced for providing operation of the pump (12) and the turbine (16) at frequency values used for the prior confirmed step. Thus, the most suitable operation frequencies of the waste heat energy production system (10) are detected and the waste heat energy production system (10) is operated continuously and in the most efficient manner.
  • the main control unit (17) provides controlling of the temperatures continuously for providing operation of the system in a faultless manner in case of probable faults or in case of changes which may occur.
  • the main control unit (17) evaluates that the heat source is stable in case it detects that the results, taken in at least two steps, are similar as a result of comparison. In this case, as described above, the frequency value is increased until the temperature difference changes. The frequency values, which exist at the first instant when change begins, are decreased to the final value, and the most efficient operation frequency value for the system is detected.
  • the main control unit (17) detects that the results taken in at least two steps are different as a result of comparison, the main control unit (17) evaluates that the heat source is variable. In this case, it provides continuous measurement of the waste heat temperature values. By means of continuously controlling the measurement results, the frequency values, where the most efficient energy production is realized for the system, are determined. As it is detected that the determined frequency values are the probably best frequency value, the pump (12) and turbine (16) are continued to be operated with the determined values.
  • the waste heat energy production system (10) provides changing of the frequency values at specific periods, even though nominal values are used, against the operation, production faults and environmental effects which may occur.
  • the measured data is controlled in correspondence with the changed values.
  • the frequency values where the best energy is obtained are determined.
  • the determined frequency values are transferred to a server (21) by means of the communication unit (20).
  • the other machines connected to the server (21) network are operated in accordance with the determined frequency values, and energy is produced with the best efficiency.
  • the pump (12) is operated by 5 Hz and the turbine (16) is operated by 5 Hz.
  • Detection of whether the waste heat temperature from the second temperature sensor is 100 e C is provided.
  • the temperature of the source, which exits the waste heat source (11) is measured again by means of the first temperature sensor. It is detected that the measured second temperature value is 95 e C.
  • the temperature difference of the fluid which enters and exits the waste heat source (11) is 5 DT. If said difference is outside the reference values where the source usage is not efficient, the operation frequencies of the turbine (16) and the pump (12) are changed by one step.
  • the determined frequency values are transferred to a server (21) by means of the communication unit (20).
  • the other machines connected to the server (21) network are operated at the most efficient frequency values without making tests. Energy is produced in the most efficient manner by consuming less energy thanks to the machines which are operated at suitable frequency value.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention is a waste heat energy production system (10) comprising a waste heat source (11) for providing transfer of the waste heat to a fluid, a pump (12) for providing adjustment of the pressure value of the fluid which exits said waste heat source (11), a heat transfer unit (14) for providing change of heat of the fluid which exits said pump (12), a turbine (16) for providing production of energy from the fluid coming from said heat transfer unit (14); said waste heat energy production system (10) is for providing operation of said turbine (16) and said pump (12) at efficient frequency values and for providing production of efficient energy.

Description

A WASTE HEAT ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONTROL SYSTEM
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a waste heat energy production system which provides production of electrical energy in the most efficient manner from the heat energy obtained from a source and which provides protection of the continuity of said efficient energy production and which provides sharing of the efficient energy production conditions in order to be used in other units.
PRIOR ART
As known in the art, there are pluralities of methods which provide production of energy in different forms from waste heat or by means of change of energy. Among said methods, the method which is most frequently used in industry is Organic Rankine Cycle system. The Organic Rankine Cycle system provides transformation of the heat energy, obtained from various sources, into electrical energy and provides production of energy from the waste heat. Instead of water, organic compounds are used as the fluid which realizes work in organic rankine cycles. In said system, the operation liquid, in other words, the fluid liquid is pumped from low pressure to high pressure. Small amount of energy is input to the system primarily for the operation of the pump. The high pressure liquid is heated by a heat source, and is turned into dry vapor form, and waste heat is removed by means of heat exchangers. The liquid, turned into vapor form, is expanded along a turbine. Electrical energy is produced from the mechanical energy formed by hitting of the liquid to the vanes of the turbine. The fluid, which passes through the turbine, passes through a condenser and is condensed. The condensed fluid enters a cycle by means of the pump again. While the pump is operated by means of a part of the energy produced in the turbine, the remaining part is given to the grid.
Since the pump and the turbine, used in organic rankine cycle systems used in the present art, are not optimized to suitable conditions, waste heat or the heat of the heat sources are rapidly depleted. This condition prevents the energy production from being continuous. In the systems known in the art, the waste heat is taken to the system essentially at maximum temperatures, and energy is produced from this taken heat. This leads to rapidly depletion of the heat and non-stability of the system since the liquids are not used at precise temperature values. As a result, deficiency of the present systems is that the present systems consume the heat rapidly at low temperatures and cannot provide continuous operation medium and that they consume the waste heat at high temperatures for maximum power production and the system cannot provide the needed compliancy in other areas which are to be used in the processes.
As a result, because of the abovementioned problems, an improvement is required in the related technical field.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a waste heat energy production system, for eliminating the abovementioned disadvantages and for bringing new advantages to the related technical field.
An object of the present invention is to provide a waste heat energy production system which provides production of electrical energy from heat energy, obtained from a source, in an efficient manner and which provides continuity of said electrical energy.
In order to realize the abovementioned objects and the objects which are to be deducted from the detailed description below, the present invention is a waste heat energy production system comprising a waste heat source for providing transfer of the waste heat to a fluid, a pump for providing adjustment of the pressure value of the fluid which exits said waste heat source, a heat transfer unit for providing change of heat of the fluid which exits said pump, a turbine for providing production of energy from the fluid coming from said heat transfer unit; said waste heat energy production system is for providing operation of said turbine and said pump at efficient frequency values and for providing production of efficient energy. Accordingly, the subject matter waste heat energy production system comprises a first temperature sensor for providing measurement of the temperature of the fluid which comes to the waste heat source; a second temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the fluid which exits the waste heat source and which is actuated by means of the pump; a first control module for controlling operation of the pump; a second control module for controlling operation of the turbine; a main control unit configured to realize data exchange with said first control module, said second control module, said first temperature sensor and said second temperature sensor; a communication unit for providing transfer of the data, taken from the main control unit, to a far server; the main control unit is configured to:
- provide beginning of the operation of the turbine and the pump at reference frequency values; - provide taking of measurements continuously from the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor;
- provide taking of the temperature difference of the taken measurements;
- provide comparing of the difference with a predetermined reference value;
- provide changing of the operation frequency of the pump and the turbine depending on the difference;
- provide detecting of the operation frequencies of the turbine and the pump operated for the value where the difference is closest to the reference value;
- provide transferring of the detected frequency value to the server by means of the communication unit in order to be used in the other units.
Thus, the most efficient frequency values are continuously detected for the pump and for the turbine, and the detected values are shared with the other machines.
In a possible embodiment of the present invention, a regenerative braking module is provided which is connected to the first control module and the second control module.
In another possible embodiment of the present invention, a power supply is provided which is connected to said regenerative braking module. Thus, the produced energy is transferred to the power supply.
In another possible embodiment of the present invention, the main control unit is configured to realize the process steps of:
- providing operation of the turbine and the pump with a reference frequency value;
- providing measurement of a first temperature value of the fluid, which enters the heat source, by the first temperature sensor;
- providing measurement of a second temperature value of the fluid, which exits the pump, by the second temperature sensor;
- providing taking of the difference of said second temperature value from said first temperature value;
- providing comparing of the difference between the first temperature value and the second temperature value with respect to a reference value,
- providing transfer of a first control signal to the first control module for changing the operation frequency value of the pump in case it is detected that the difference is a value which is outside the reference value;
- providing transfer of a second control signal to the second control module for changing the operation frequency value of the turbine in case it is detected that the difference is a value which is outside the reference value; - providing determination of a new difference by changing the frequency values of the pump and the turbine;
- providing detection of the operation frequencies of the pump and the turbine for the value where the new difference is closest to the reference value;
- providing transfer of the detected operation frequency values to a server by means of the communication unit in order to be used in other units.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
In Figure 1 , a representative view of a waste heat energy production system is given.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In this detailed description, the subject matter is explained with references to examples without forming any restrictive effect only in order to make the subject more understandable.
The present invention relates to a waste heat energy production system (10) which provides production of electrical energy in the most efficient manner from the heat energy obtained from a source and which provides protection of continuity of said efficient energy production and which provides sharing of efficient energy production conditions in order to be used in other units. In said waste heat energy production system (10), heat is applied from the heat source, and fluids are used which have hydrocarbon compounds which have low critical temperature and low pressure and which have high molecular mass and which have low corrosion danger.
With reference to Figure 1 , the waste heat energy production system (10) comprises a waste heat source (11) for providing transfer of waste heat to said fluid. There is a pump (12) for providing adjustment of the movement of the fluid which exits the waste heat source (11). There is a first control module (121) embodied to control the operation of said pump (12). There is a first temperature sensor (13) for providing measurement of the temperature of the fluid which exits the pump (12). There is a heat transfer unit (14) where the fluid, measured by means of said first temperature sensor (13), is transferred by means of the pump (12). In a possible embodiment of the present invention, as the heat transfer unit (14), exchanger with plate is used which provides separation of two different fluids from each other with the help of plates and which provides heat transfer of said plates between said fluids. There is a turbine (16) for providing production of electrical energy from the fluid which exits said heat transfer unit (14). Said turbine (16) is embodied to provide production of electrical energy from mechanical energy formed by hitting of the fluid to the vanes. There is a second control module (161) embodied to control operation of the turbine (16). There is a second temperature sensor (15) which provides measurement of the temperature of the fluid which passes from the heat transfer unit (14) to the waste heat source (11). There is a main control unit (17) configured to provide data exchange with said first temperature sensor (13), said second temperature sensor (15), said first control module (121) and said second control module (161). There is a communication unit (20) embodied to receive data from the main control unit (17). Said communication unit (20) is embodied to provide transfer of the data, received from the main control unit (17), to a far server (21). The communication unit (20) is provided to communicate in a wired or wireless manner. The data is sent to the other units by means of devices like other communication unit (20), etc. connected to the server (21). There is a regenerative braking module (18) which provides transfer of the energy to a power supply (19) in accordance with the signals received from the first control module (121) and the second control module (161). Said regenerative braking module (18) provides transfer of the excessive energy, produced in the turbine (16), to said power supply (19). In a possible embodiment of the present invention, the power supply (19) can be a grid. The required energy is given from the power supply (19) to the pump (12) for providing firstly operating of the waste heat energy production system (10). First of all, the energy of the pump (12) is provided by means of the energy produced in the turbine (16), and afterwards, the remaining excessive energy is transferred to the power supply (19) by means of the regenerative braking module (18).
The main control unit (17) is embodied to provide operation of the turbine (16) and the pump (12) at reference beginning values. A first temperature value of the fluid, activated by means of operation of the pump (12) and the turbine (16), is measured by means of the first temperature sensor (13) while the fluid is exiting the pump (12). A second temperature value of the fluid, which comes from the turbine (16) to the heat transfer unit (14), is measured by means of the second temperature sensor (15) at the outlet of the heat transfer unit (14). The main control unit (17) provides taking the difference of the first temperature value taken from the first temperature sensor (13) and the second temperature value taken from the second temperature sensor (15). The main control unit (17) provides comparing of the difference with a predetermined reference value. In case the main control unit (17) detects that the difference is a value which is different from the reference value, it provides transferring a first control signal to the first control module (121) for providing operation of the pump (12) at suitable frequency value. The first control module (121) provides changing of the operation frequency of the pump (12) depending on the first control signal coming from the main control unit (17). In case the main control unit (17) moreover detects that the difference is different from the reference value, it sends a second control signal to the second control module (161) for providing operation of the turbine (16) at suitable frequency value. The second control unit provides changing of the operation frequency of the turbine (16) depending on the second control signal coming from the main control unit (17). Said process is continuously repeated until the frequency value where the most efficient energy is produced. The operation is made stable by producing energy in the most efficient manner, and operation is continued at the determined frequency values. Thus, the energy of the waste heat source is not consumed rapidly and the waste heat is evaluated in the most efficient manner as possible. The main control unit (17) provides transfer of data to a far server (21) by means of a communication unit (20) for providing transfer of the frequency values, where the determined efficient energy is produced, to other machines. Efficient frequency values are taken through the other machine networks connected to the server (21) and the system is operated in a stable form at the taken values. The main control unit (17) provides transfer of the energy produced in the turbine (16) to the pump (12) and can provide operation of the pump (12). The remaining energy is transferred to the grid, which is the power supply (19), by means of the regenerative braking module (18). In order to provide firstly operation of the waste heat (19) energy production system (10), the required energy is provided to the pump (12) from the power supply (19). As the pump (12), which firstly takes the energy, realizes cycle, operation is continued by means of the energy produced in the turbine (16). In other words, while the waste heat energy production system (10) needs energy for operation of the pump (12) at the beginning, the energy need of the pump (12) is met by means of the energy produced afterwards.
An exemplary operation scenario of the present invention is described below;
By means of operation of the waste heat energy production system (10), the pump (12) draws the energy, needed for operation, from the power supply (19) by means of the first control module (121). By means of operation of the pump (12), the actuation of the source which exists in the waste heat energy production system (10) begins. The main control unit (17) provides operation of the pump (12) and the turbine (16) at beginning reference values. The fluid, which exits the waste heat source (11), is actuated by means of the pump (12). The temperature of the source, which exits the pump (12), is continuously measured by means of the first temperature sensor (13), and the measured temperature values are continuously sent to the main control unit (17). The source, which passes through the pump (12), is transferred to the heat transfer unit (14). The source, which passes through the heat transfer unit (14), is transferred to the turbine (16). The source, which passes through the turbine (16), is transferred to the heat transfer unit (14) again. The temperature of the source which exits the heat transfer unit (14) is continuously measured by means of the second temperature sensor (15), and the measured temperature values are transferred to the main control unit (17) continuously. The main control unit (17) provides the difference of the temperature values, taken from the first temperature sensor (13) and from the second temperature sensor (15), to be taken with respect to each other. The main control unit (17) provides comparison of the first difference with a predetermined reference value. In case the main control unit (17) detects that the difference is different from the reference value, the operation frequencies of the pump (12) and the turbine (16) are changed. The main control unit (17) provides detection of the operation frequency values of the pump (12) and turbine (16) at the instant where the difference is closest to the reference value. In order to provide usage of the detected frequency values also in other machines, said frequency values are transferred to a server (21) by means of the communication unit (20). The machines, connected to the server (21), are operated at the most efficient frequency values and energy is produced in an efficient manner. Thus, the machines are operated again one by one, and the time and energy consumption need for detecting the efficient frequency value is prevented.
The main control unit (17) moreover provides realization of the source stabilization control of the heat source. This condition provides evaluation of whether the heat source is a stable or a variable heat source. In order to be able to realize said control, the operation of the system is provided as mentioned above. First of all, the main control unit (17) operates the system with reference frequency values. The difference of the temperature values taken from the first temperature sensor (13) and the second temperature sensor (15) with respect to each other is taken. The difference is compared with the reference value. The frequency values of the pump (12) and of the turbine (16) are increased depending on the variability of the difference when compared with the reference value. In order to provide increasing of the frequency value of the pump (12), the main control unit (17) provides sending of the first control signal to the first control module (121). The first control module (121) provides increasing of the frequency value of the pump (12) with respect to the first control signal coming from the main control unit (17). The main control unit (17) moreover provides transfer of the second control signal to the second control module (161) for providing increase of the frequency value of the turbine (16). The second control module (161) provides increase of the frequency value of the turbine (16) with respect to the second control signal coming from the main control unit (17). As the frequencies are increased, the main control unit (17) provides measurement of the temperature values of the fluid again by means of the first temperature sensor (13) and the second temperature sensor (15). The difference of the measured temperature values is taken again. The main control unit (17) provides comparing of the obtained difference and the reference value again. The main control unit (17) provides transfer of the first control signal to the first control module (121) for providing increase of the frequency value of the pump (12). The first control module (121) provides increase of the frequency value of the pump (12) in accordance with the second control signal which comes from the main control unit (17). The main control unit (17) moreover provides transfer of the second control signal to the second control module (161) for providing increase of the frequency value of the turbine (16). The second control module (161) provides increase of the operation frequency of the turbine (16) in accordance with the third control signal which comes from the main control unit (17). Thus, the amount of energy produced from the turbine (16) is increased. The energy, produced from the turbine (16), can be used for operation of the pump (12). The remaining energy is transferred to the power supply (19) by means of the regenerative braking module (18). The main control unit (17) provides continuation until it is detected that the comparison results of the same process steps are different from the prior comparison result. In case the main control unit (17) detects that the comparison result is different from the prior comparison result, the frequency values are reduced for providing operation of the pump (12) and the turbine (16) at frequency values used for the prior confirmed step. Thus, the most suitable operation frequencies of the waste heat energy production system (10) are detected and the waste heat energy production system (10) is operated continuously and in the most efficient manner. The main control unit (17) provides controlling of the temperatures continuously for providing operation of the system in a faultless manner in case of probable faults or in case of changes which may occur. The main control unit (17) evaluates that the heat source is stable in case it detects that the results, taken in at least two steps, are similar as a result of comparison. In this case, as described above, the frequency value is increased until the temperature difference changes. The frequency values, which exist at the first instant when change begins, are decreased to the final value, and the most efficient operation frequency value for the system is detected.
In case the main control unit (17) detects that the results taken in at least two steps are different as a result of comparison, the main control unit (17) evaluates that the heat source is variable. In this case, it provides continuous measurement of the waste heat temperature values. By means of continuously controlling the measurement results, the frequency values, where the most efficient energy production is realized for the system, are determined. As it is detected that the determined frequency values are the probably best frequency value, the pump (12) and turbine (16) are continued to be operated with the determined values.
The waste heat energy production system (10) provides changing of the frequency values at specific periods, even though nominal values are used, against the operation, production faults and environmental effects which may occur. The measured data is controlled in correspondence with the changed values. As a result of the control, the frequency values where the best energy is obtained are determined. The determined frequency values are transferred to a server (21) by means of the communication unit (20). The other machines connected to the server (21) network are operated in accordance with the determined frequency values, and energy is produced with the best efficiency.
In an exemplary operation scenario of the present invention, by means of a waste heat energy production system (10), the pump (12) is operated by 5 Hz and the turbine (16) is operated by 5 Hz. Detection of whether the waste heat temperature from the second temperature sensor is 100eC is provided. The temperature of the source, which exits the waste heat source (11), is measured again by means of the first temperature sensor. It is detected that the measured second temperature value is 95eC. It is detected that the temperature difference of the fluid which enters and exits the waste heat source (11) is 5 DT. If said difference is outside the reference values where the source usage is not efficient, the operation frequencies of the turbine (16) and the pump (12) are changed by one step. As the data, obtained as a result of frequency change, is detected to be efficient and is in the reference limit, the determined frequency values are transferred to a server (21) by means of the communication unit (20). The other machines connected to the server (21) network are operated at the most efficient frequency values without making tests. Energy is produced in the most efficient manner by consuming less energy thanks to the machines which are operated at suitable frequency value.
The protection scope of the present invention is set forth in the annexed claims and cannot be restricted to the illustrative disclosures given above, under the detailed description. It is because a person skilled in the relevant art can obviously produce similar embodiments under the light of the foregoing disclosures, without departing from the main principles of the present invention.
REFERENCE NUMBERS
10 Waste heat energy production system
11 Waste heat source 12 Pump
121 First control module
13 First temperature sensor
14 Heat transfer unit
15 Second temperature sensor 16 Turbine
161 Second control module
17 Main control unit
18 Regenerative braking module
19 Power supply 20 Communication unit
21 Server

Claims

1. A waste heat energy production system (10) comprising a waste heat source (11) for providing transfer of the waste heat to a fluid, a pump (12) for providing adjustment of the pressure value of the fluid which exits said waste heat source (11 ), a heat transfer unit (14) for providing change of heat of the fluid which exits said pump (12), a turbine (16) for providing production of energy from the fluid coming from said heat transfer unit (14); said waste heat energy production system (10) is for providing operation of said turbine (16) and said pump (12) at efficient frequency values and for providing production of efficient energy, wherein the subject matter waste heat energy production system (10) comprises a first temperature sensor (13) for providing measurement of the temperature of the fluid which comes to the waste heat source (11); a second temperature sensor (15) for measuring the temperature of the fluid which exits the pump (12); a first control module (121) for controlling operation of the pump (12); a second control module (161 ) for controlling operation of the turbine (16); a main control unit (17) configured to realize data exchange with said first control module (121), said second control module (161), said first temperature sensor (13) and said second temperature sensor (15); a communication unit (20) for providing transfer of the data, taken from the main control unit (17), to a far server (21); the main control unit (17) is configured to:
- provide beginning of the operation of the turbine (16) and the pump (12) at reference frequency values;
- provide taking of measurements continuously from the first temperature sensor (13) and the second temperature sensor (15);
- provide taking of the temperature difference of the taken measurements;
- provide comparing of the difference with a predetermined reference value;
- provide changing of the operation frequency of the pump (12) and the turbine (16) depending on the difference;
- provide detecting of the operation frequencies of the turbine (16) and the pump (12) operated for the value where the difference is closest to the reference value;
- provide transferring of the detected frequency value to the server (21) by means of the communication unit (20) in order to be used in the other units.
2. The waste heat energy production system (10) according to claim 1 , wherein a regenerative braking module (18) is provided which is connected to the first control module (121) and the second control module (161).
3. The waste heat energy production system (10) according to claim 1 , wherein a power supply (19) is provided which is connected to said regenerative braking module (18).
4. A waste heat energy production system (10) comprising a waste heat source (11) for providing transfer of the waste heat to a fluid, a pump (12) for providing adjustment of the pressure value of the fluid which exits said waste heat source (11), a heat transfer unit (14) for providing change of heat of the fluid which exits said pump (12), a turbine (16) for providing production of energy from the fluid coming from said heat transfer unit (14); said waste heat energy production system (10) is for providing operation of said turbine (16) and said pump (12) at efficient frequency values and for providing production of efficient energy, wherein the main control unit (17) is configured to realize the process steps of:
- providing operation of the turbine (16) and the pump (12) with a reference frequency value;
- providing measurement of a first temperature value of the fluid, which enters the heat source, by the first temperature sensor (13);
- providing measurement of a second temperature value of the fluid, which exits the pump (12), by the second temperature sensor (15);
- providing taking of the difference of said second temperature value from said first temperature value;
- providing comparing of the difference between the first temperature value and the second temperature value with respect to a reference value,
- providing transfer of a first control signal to the first control module (121) for changing the operation frequency value of the pump (12) in case it is detected that the difference is a value which is outside the reference value;
- providing transfer of a second control signal to the second control module (161 ) for changing the operation frequency value of the turbine (16) in case it is detected that the difference is a value which is outside the reference value;
- providing determination of a new difference by changing the frequency values of the pump (12) and the turbine (16);
- providing detection of the operation frequencies of the pump (12) and the turbine (16) for the value where the new difference is closest to the reference value;
- providing transfer of the detected operation frequency values to a server (21) by means of the communication unit (20) in order to be used in other units.
PCT/TR2022/050338 2021-06-11 2022-04-15 A waste heat energy production and control system WO2022260622A2 (en)

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TR2021/009618 2021-06-11

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DE4342002A1 (en) * 1993-12-09 1995-06-14 Abb Patent Gmbh Starting a waste heat boiler with at least two separate pressure systems
US8186142B2 (en) * 2008-08-05 2012-05-29 General Electric Company Systems and method for controlling stack temperature
EP2224164A1 (en) * 2008-11-13 2010-09-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method of operating a waste heat steam generator
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