WO2022258283A1 - Sub-assembly of a rotary electric machine and method for forming such a sub-assembly - Google Patents

Sub-assembly of a rotary electric machine and method for forming such a sub-assembly Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022258283A1
WO2022258283A1 PCT/EP2022/062644 EP2022062644W WO2022258283A1 WO 2022258283 A1 WO2022258283 A1 WO 2022258283A1 EP 2022062644 W EP2022062644 W EP 2022062644W WO 2022258283 A1 WO2022258283 A1 WO 2022258283A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ring
assembly
stator
stator body
sub
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2022/062644
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Eric Vernay
Laurent Odin
Original Assignee
Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur filed Critical Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur
Publication of WO2022258283A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022258283A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K15/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K15/02—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines of stator or rotor bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
    • B21D26/14—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces applying magnetic forces
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/18—Means for mounting or fastening magnetic stationary parts on to, or to, the stator structures
    • H02K1/185—Means for mounting or fastening magnetic stationary parts on to, or to, the stator structures to outer stators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/20—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • H02K5/203—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium specially adapted for liquids, e.g. cooling jackets

Definitions

  • the present invention falls within the field of rotating electrical machines, and relates more particularly to a subset of such rotating electrical machines and to a method for assembling such a subset.
  • rotating electrical machines which act, for example, as a starter, an alternator or even an alternator-starter.
  • Such rotating electrical machines have the function of recovering and distributing electrical energy within the associated motor vehicle, for example to help start the engine fitted to the motor vehicle.
  • the rotating electrical machine may also include a pulley or any other means of connection to the rest of the vehicle's powertrain.
  • the rotating electrical machine is for example connected, in particular via a belt, to the crankshaft of the heat engine of the vehicle.
  • the rotating electrical machine is connected to other locations of the powertrain, for example at the input of the gearbox from the point of view of the torque transiting towards the wheels of the vehicle, at the output of the gearbox of the point of view of the torque transiting towards the wheels of the vehicle, at the level of the gearbox from the point of view of the torque transiting towards the wheels of the vehicle, or even on the front axle or the rear axle of this powertrain.
  • Such rotating electrical machines comprise at least one stator, consisting of a stack of laminations stacked on top of each other, and a rotor able to be driven in rotation about an axis of rotation, inside or outside. exterior of the stator.
  • the rotation of the rotor is generated by, or generates according to the mode of operation of the rotating electrical machine, an electromagnetic field due to an electric current capable of flowing in a coil associated with the stator and magnetic elements associated with the rotor.
  • the present invention falls within this context by proposing a method for mounting a rotating electrical machine sub-assembly in which a ring acting as an envelope for a stator body in particular formed by a stack of laminations could be mounted at cold around the stator, thus greatly reducing the assembly time of a rotating electrical machine.
  • the main object of the present invention is a method for assembling a subassembly of a rotating electrical machine implementing a magneto-crimping station comprising at least one coiled member configured to be traversed by a current and consequently generating a magnetic field, the sub-assembly of the rotating electrical machine comprising at least one stator and a ring surrounding a body of said stator, characterized in that the method of mounting the sub-assembly of the rotating electrical machine comprises: a pre-assembly step during which the ring is positioned around the stator body of the sub-assembly of the rotating electrical machine, the assembly formed by the ring and the stator body being housed inside the wound member of the magneto-crimping station; a step of power supplying the coiled member; a magneto-crimping step of the ring on the stator body by cold deformation of the ring projected against the stator under the effect of a magnetic field induced by the electrical supply step
  • the magneto-crimping step consists of cold deformation of the ring on the stator body.
  • the magnetic charges, on the one hand of the coil present in the wound member and supplied electrically and on the other hand of the ring forming an external part of the assembly arranged in the wound member, oppose each other like two magnets and the repulsion thus generated causes a strong acceleration of the ring relative to the stator body arranged in a central position.
  • Such an acceleration pushes the atoms of the materials of the ring and of the stator body against each other and a so-called cold metal assembly is thus obtained, since the materials do not reach more than 30°C and that there is therefore no heat-affected zone.
  • Such a process makes it possible to be able to position the ring against the stator body quickly and without generating heat requiring a cooling time after the performance of this process.
  • the time duration of the magneto-crimping step is of the order of 1CT 4 to 1CT 7 seconds, thus optimizing the assembly of the ring on the stator body, and on the other apart from the realization takes place cold, that is to say that the temperature of the subassembly at the outlet of the process is close to the temperature at which each of the components of said subassembly was, avoiding adding a step of process cooling.
  • Such a method thus makes it possible to improve the assembly of sub-assemblies, allowing the cycle time to be reduced.
  • the pre-assembly step makes it possible to position the stator body and the ring relative to each other in anticipation of the magneto-crimping step.
  • This pre-assembly step consists on the one hand in positioning the stator body correctly with respect to the ring participating in forming the sub-assembly as mentioned and on the other hand in positioning this assembly correctly with respect to the component reel.
  • the power supply step of the coiled member can for example be a direct power supply of the coiled member, if the power supply is sufficient to create the electromagnetic field necessary for the deformation of the ring in the magneto step - crimping.
  • the power supply step can also include a step of storing electrical energy in an accumulator.
  • the magneto-crimping step is the step during which the ring is crimped on the stator body. Thanks to the force produced by the electromagnetic field generated by the wound member, the ring is projected away from the wound member, that is to say towards the stator body. By being projected in this way by the electromagnetic field, the ring conforms to the external shape of the stator body and is advantageously secured to the stator body.
  • the step of power supplying the coiled member comprises an energy accumulation phase by an electrical energy accumulator associated with the coiled member then a phase of discharging the energy accumulated in the direction of the coiled organ.
  • the magneto-crimping station comprises, in addition to the coiled member, an electrical energy accumulator and also a switch able to allow the discharging stored electrical energy toward the coiled member when it is detected that sufficient electrical energy has been stored.
  • a characteristic of the electrical current supplied to the coiled member has a value greater than a threshold value below which the magnetic field induced in the the magneto-crimping step is not suitable for cold projecting the ring against the stator body.
  • the method comprises a step of assembling a cooling duct around the stator, during which at least one sealing element is positioned on the ring to participate in delimiting the duct which is formed at least in part by the ring, said assembly step being carried out after the magneto-crimping step.
  • the sub-assembly can participate in defining a cooling duct which extends around said sub-assembly, the sealing element being able for example to be a seal and/or glue placed between the ring and an element annular.
  • the magneto-crimping process consisting as mentioned above of cold deformation, allows targeted deformation of the zone of the ring intended to be in contact with the stator body, without modifying the shape of other parts, and in particular parts of the ring capable of receiving the sealing element.
  • the magneto-crimping process is thus particularly advantageous in the case of implementation of a cooling duct around the ring, since it makes it possible to ensure a minimum of thermal stresses and resulting mechanical deformations and therefore of to ensure a tightness in accordance with what is theoretically planned in design.
  • the present invention also relates to a sub-assembly of a rotating electrical machine obtained by a method according to any one of the preceding characteristics, said sub-assembly comprising at least one stator body comprising at least one external surface in a cylinder, the ring being configured to be flattened at least partially against the external surface of the stator body, the ring having an internal face in contact with the stator body and an external face configured to be oriented towards the exterior of the sub - assembly of the rotating electric machine. It is understood that the internal face of the ring takes at least partially the shape of the external surface of the stator body.
  • the stator body comprises a stack of successive strata and has at least one axial groove at its outer surface, the axial groove extending along a direction parallel to the axis of rotation to allow angular indexing of the successive strata, and characterized in that the ring has a deformation in line with the said axial groove of the stator. This deformation makes it possible in particular to improve a connection in rotation between the stator body and the ring.
  • a thickness measured between the outer face and the inner face of the ring along a radial direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation is constant over the entire circumference of the ring, and in which the outer face of the ring has a recessed relief in line with the axial groove of the stator.
  • the ring comprises a contact portion at which the inner face of the ring is in contact with the outer surface of the stator body and at least one end portion axially extending the portion contact, and wherein the axial dimension of the contact portion of the ring is equal to the axial dimension of the stator body.
  • the outer face of the ring participates in delimiting a cooling duct of the stator body intended to be traversed by a cooling fluid.
  • the sub-assembly comprises an annular body surrounding the ring at a distance from the latter so as to delimit the cooling duct between the ring and the annular body.
  • the ring comprises at least one groove extending annularly around the periphery of the ring, the groove being arranged at the level of an end portion of the ring and configured to receive an element sealing of the cooling duct.
  • the subject of the invention is a rotary electric machine comprising a stator and a rotor intended to be driven in rotation in the stator around an axis of rotation, the rotary electric machine comprising a subassembly according to any one of the characteristics above and a winding capable of generating an electromagnetic field to drive the rotor in rotation around the axis of rotation.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective representation of elements of a rotating electrical machine, showing in particular a sub-assembly comprising a ring surrounding a stator body;
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the elements of the subassembly shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic representation, in section, of a detail of the sub-assembly shown in Figure 1, showing a deformation of the ring coming to be housed in a groove of the stator body;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic representation, in section, of the sub-assembly shown in Figure 1, showing in particular a cooling duct formed on the periphery of this sub-assembly;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of a cold magneto-crimping station for performing the magneto-crimping of the ring on the stator body of the sub-assembly shown in Figure 1.
  • variants of the invention may be associated with each other, in various combinations, insofar as they are not incompatible or exclusive with respect to each other.
  • variants of the invention may be imagined comprising only a selection of characteristics described below in isolation from the other characteristics described, if this selection of characteristics is sufficient to confer a technical advantage and/or to differentiate the invention. compared to the prior art.
  • Figure 1 a subassembly of a rotating electrical machine comprising a stator 2 configured to house a rotor which is intended to be driven in rotation in the stator 2 about a longitudinal axis of rotation A.
  • the rotor can comprise a magnetic element capable of being attracted and/or repelled by an electromagnetic field which is generated by an electrical supply from a winding forming part of the stator 2.
  • magnetic element we mean both permanent magnets arranged on the rotor, and in particular on the periphery of the latter, and winding elements housed within the rotor. It should be noted on the other hand that without departing from the context of the invention, which aims to protect the arrangement of a ring around a stator body, one could provide rotors devoid of magnetic elements, in particular in the framework of variable reluctance machines.
  • the sub-assembly 6 is in particular formed of the stator, comprising a stator body 12 and a winding 8 associated with the stator body and capable of being powered to generate the electromagnetic field as mentioned.
  • a rotating electrical machine equipped with such a sub-assembly 6 can for example equip a motor vehicle by acting as an alternator-starter.
  • the stator body 12, configured to receive the winding 8 is made up of a stack of laminations stacked along the longitudinal direction so as to form successive strata. Each sheet participates in forming on an internal face notches for receiving the winding 8 formed by a plurality of conductive segments able to be traversed by an electric current to produce an electromagnetic field.
  • the stack of laminations constituting the stator body 12 has an external surface 14 inscribed in a first regular cylinder and an internal surface 16 in which are formed a plurality of notches for receiving the winding 8.
  • the stator body 12 has at least one axial groove 18 at its outer surface 14, the axial groove 18 extending along the longitudinal direction to allow angular indexing of successive strata. More specifically, each of the constituent laminations of the stack of constituent laminations of the stator body 12 has the same groove and the laminations are stacked on top of each other so that these grooves are aligned to form the axial groove 18. It is understood here that the grooves forming the axial groove 18 make it possible to position the laminations with respect to each other during assembly of the stator body 12 and in particular to ensure that the profile of the internal surface of the stack of laminations forms regular notches.
  • the axial groove 18 may have a rectangular section seen in a section plane perpendicular to a main longitudinal direction of extension of the axial groove 18. It is understood that the groove of each of the plates participating in forming the axial groove is delimited by two side edges and a bottom edge. Alternatively, the axial groove 18 could have a more rounded section with the groove of each sheet formed by a portion of a circle.
  • the conductive segments forming the winding 8 of the stator 2 are arranged in each of the notches formed in the internal surface 16 of the stator body 12, being connected to each other at each of the longitudinal ends of the stator body 12.
  • the sub-assembly 6 also comprises a ring 20 surrounding the stator body 12, the ring 20 being secured to the stator body 12 by a method of assembling the sub-assembly 6, by magneto-crimping , which will be described later in the description of the invention.
  • the ring 20 is configured to be pressed at least partially against the external surface 14 of the stator body 12.
  • the ring 20 has an internal face 22 in contact with the external surface 14 of the stator body 12 and a external face 24 configured to be oriented towards the outside of the sub-assembly 6 of the rotating electric machine 1.
  • the ring 20 generally takes an annular shape with the internal face 22 which takes at least partially the shape of the external surface 14 from the stator body 12.
  • the inner face 22 of the ring 20 is pressed against the outer surface 14 of the stator body 12.
  • the inner face 22 of the ring 20 is mainly inscribed in a cylinder whose radius is similar to the radius of the cylinder in which the outer surface 14 of the stator body 12 mainly fits.
  • the ring 20 once pressed against the stator body by magneto-crimping as will be described below, has a deformation 26 to the right of said axial groove 18 of the stator 2.
  • the deformation 26 of the ring 20 is such that the internal face 22 and the external face 24 of this ring 20 no longer fit into their respective cylinder at the level of the axial groove 18 of the stator 2 , and are both locally housed in the recess formed by the axial groove 18 disposed along the stator body.
  • This deformation 26 thus consists of a hollow relief formed in the ring when the latter is seen from the outside, and this relief in hollow takes a shape adapted to that of the axial groove 18.
  • the internal face 22 of the ring 20 at the level of the deformation 26 is in contact with at least the bottom edge and the thickness of the ring remaining constant, the outer face 24 of the ring 20 at the level of the deformation 26 globally takes the shape of the inner face 22 and thus globally reproduces on the outer face 24 the general shape of the axial groove 18.
  • the internal face 22 of the ring 20 at the level of the deformation 26 can be pressed against each of the edges of the axial groove 18 and the face external 24 can reproduce identically the shape of the axial groove, the thickness of the ring again remaining constant over the entire circumference of the ring and therefore at the level of the deformation 26.
  • the thickness of the ring 20, measured between the outer face 24 and the inner face 22 of the ring 20 along a radial direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation A is constant over the entire circumference of the ring 20, and that this thickness remains generally the same at the level of the deformation 26, a slight thinning being able to be observed at the level of this deformation 26.
  • the thickness of the ring 20 measured between the external face 24 and the internal face 22 is advantageously between 0.5 and 3 millimeters, preferably between 1 mm and 2 mm.
  • the ring 20 comprises a contact portion 28, at which the inner face 22 of the ring 20 is in contact with the outer surface 14 of the stator body 12, and at least one end portion 30 axially extending the contact portion 28. More particularly, the axial dimension of the contact portion 28 of the ring 20 is equal to the axial dimension of the stator body 12, and the end portion or portions do not extend facing the stator body, but facing one end of the winding 8 when the latter is arranged in the stator body. In other words, the ring 20 has end portions 30 projecting axially on either side of the stator body 12, the end portions 30 not being pressed against the outer surface 14 of the stator body. stator 12 unlike the contact portion 28. Thus, only the contact portion 28 of the ring 20 is magneto-crimped on the stator body 12, during the process which will be described later.
  • the outer face 24 of the ring 20 participates in delimiting a cooling conduit 21 of the stator body 12 intended to be traversed by a cooling fluid.
  • the outer face 24 forms at least partly the interior of the duct, the cooling fluid circulating at least partly around the stator body 12.
  • the cooling fluid is for example intended to cool components of the sub-assembly 6 such as the stator body 12, and this cooling fluid can for example be water in liquid form or any other fluid participating in thermal regulation. of one of the components.
  • annular body 23 is configured to surround the ring 20 at a distance from the latter so as to delimit the cooling conduit 21 between the ring 20 and the annular body. “Remotely” means that the annular body is not in direct contact with the ring 20, the cooling fluid thus being able to circulate between the annular body and the ring 20.
  • the ring 20 comprises at least one groove 32 extending annularly around the periphery of the ring 20, and more particularly over the periphery of the outer face 24 of the ring 20.
  • the groove 32 is arranged at the level of a portion of end 30 of the ring 20 and it is configured to receive a sealing element 33 of the cooling duct.
  • the ring 20 advantageously comprises two grooves 32 extending annularly around the periphery of the ring 20, a first groove being arranged at the level of one of the end portions 30 of the ring 20 and the second groove being disposed at the level of the other end portion 30 of the ring.
  • each groove being configured to receive a sealing element, that the cooling fluid can circulate in a sealed manner around the stator body in the cooling duct.
  • the cooling duct is delimited for example by the external face 24 of the ring 20, by the annular body and by the sealing element or elements.
  • the grooves 32 and the sealing elements 33 that the grooves are intended to receive extend axially offset from the stator body, being here facing the ends of the winding 8.
  • the magneto-crimping operation as it will be described later is effective on the part of the ring 20 intended to be in contact with the external surface 14 of the stator body 12, and the shape and dimensions of the grooves 32 are thus not impacted by this magneto-crimping operation.
  • the grooves 32 can be made in the annular body 23 and the sealing elements arranged in this groove rest against the external face 24 of the ring to form the sealing of the cooling duct.
  • the sealing element can for example be an annular rubber seal or else consist of a bead of glue placed in the groove 32 and securing the annular body to the ring 20.
  • the method of mounting a sub-assembly 6 of a rotating electrical machine implements a magneto-crimping station 34 comprising at least one coiled member 36 configured to be traversed by a current and consequently generate a magnetic field. More particularly, the coiled member 36 is connected to an electric power supplier 38 capable of supplying the coiled member 36 with an electric current sufficient to generate an electromagnetic field.
  • the ring 20 and the stator body 12 are arranged in the center of the coiled member 36, with the ring surrounding the stator body, and the electromagnetic field generated by the coiled member is capable of pushing the ring away from the wound member to press it against the stator body.
  • the magneto-crimping station 34 may comprise an electrical energy accumulator 40 interposed between the electrical energy supplier 38 and the coil member 36.
  • the electrical energy accumulator 40 is supplied with electrical energy by the supplier 38 of electrical energy and stores said electrical energy. Once enough electrical energy has been stored, a switch 41 is activated so that the accumulated electrical energy is discharged by the electrical energy accumulator 40 in the direction of the coiled member 36.
  • the method for assembling the sub-assembly 6 includes at least one pre-assembly step during which the ring 20 and the stator body 12 are placed inside the coiled member. More particularly, the ring 20 is positioned around the stator body 12, with the internal face 22 of the ring 20 which faces the surface outer face 14 of the stator body 12 and the outer face 24 of the ring 20 which faces the coiled member 36.
  • the ring and the stator body are positioned such that the contact portion 28 faces the stator body 12 and such that the end portions 30 project axially on either side of this stator body.
  • the magneto-crimping station may in particular comprise positioning means which make it possible to ensure, in this pre-assembly step, a coaxial position of the ring and of the stator body with respect to each other and a coaxial position of this assembly with respect to the wound member.
  • positioning means can also be configured to make it possible to ensure that the end portions 30 of the ring are correctly offset axially with respect to the stator body 12.
  • the positioning means are also configured to position the stator body in a centered manner, considering the longitudinal direction, with respect to the wound member. It may in fact be interesting that, as illustrated schematically in FIG. 5, the coiled member has a longitudinal dimension DL equivalent to that of the stator body, and that the stator body is centered axially with respect to the coiled member so that the end portions 30 of the ring protrude axially from the coiled member. In this way, cold deformation of the end portions 30 is avoided, which retain a straight cylindrical shape by following the approaching movement of the contact portion 28 of the ring in the direction of the stator body, which makes it possible to avoid a deformation of the original shape of the grooves, which can be obtained by any material deformation means, by rolling for example.
  • the method also includes a step of power supplying the coiled member 36, if necessary by a preliminary power supply of the electrical energy accumulator 40.
  • the coiled member 36 receives the current once the assembly formed by the ring and the stator body housed inside the wound member.
  • the method then comprises a step of magneto-crimping the ring 20 on the stator body 12 by cold deformation 26 of the ring 20 projected against the stator 2 under the effect of a magnetic field induced by the step of power supply to the coiled member 36.
  • the pre-assembly step makes it possible to position the stator body 12 and the ring 20 relative to each other in anticipation of the magneto-crimping step. More particularly, the ring 20 is positioned in a regular manner around the stator body 12 and inside the coiled member 36 of the magneto-crimping station 34 so that an emission of an electromagnetic field by the coiled member 36 can project the ring 20 in a homogeneous manner, i.e. i.e. with a regular thrust force all around the ring, against the outer surface 14 of the stator body 12.
  • sub-assembly 6 positioned in the coiled member here comprises only the stator body 12 and the ring 20, but that this representation does not limit the invention, the coil possibly being present in the notches formed in the stator body during the magneto-crimping operation.
  • the electrical supply step of the coiled member 36 comprises an energy accumulation phase by the electrical energy accumulator 40 then an energy discharge phase. accumulated by the electrical energy accumulator 40 in the direction of the coiled member 36.
  • the electrical energy accumulator 40 receives electrical energy directly from the supplier 38 of electrical energy, and after having stored enough electrical energy so that the wound member can produce an electromagnetic field sufficient to project the ring 20 against the stator body 12, a switch 41 is controlled so that the electrical energy accumulator 40 discharges the electrical energy stored in the direction of the coiled member 36 during the discharge phase.
  • a characteristic of the electrical current supplied to the winding 8 has a value greater than a threshold value below which the magnetic field induced in the magneto-crimping step is not capable of projecting the ring 20 cold against the stator body 12.
  • the characteristic of the electric current controlled to generate an appropriate electromagnetic field is a voltage value of the current and the switch 41 is closed to allow passage to the electric current from the accumulator 40 to the coiled member 36 when the current voltage value measured at the terminals of the switch is greater than a voltage threshold value.
  • This voltage threshold value can for example be of the order of 7 kV, to generate an energy used for crimping of the order of 4 to 5 kj.
  • the fact that the ring 20 matches the external shape of the stator body 12 does not exclude an absence of local contact between the ring 20 and the external shape of the stator 12. For example, such an absence of local contact can be observed between the ring 20 and angular portions of the axial groove 18 as seen in Figure 3.
  • the magneto-crimping step is then complete and it can advantageously be immediately followed by other steps of mounting the rotating electrical machine, for example a step of winding or a step of assembling a cooling duct around the stator 2.
  • a sealing element is positioned on the ring 20 to participate in delimiting the duct which is formed at least in part by the ring 20, said assembly step being carried out after the magneto-crimping step.
  • the sealing element is positioned at the level of the groove 32 disposed on one or the other of the end portions 30 of the ring 20 and it is necessary to note that the grooves 32 are not deformed during the magneto-crimping step, this cold deformation step being targeted on the stator body due to the dimensioning of the coiled member 36 inside which is positioned the stator body.
  • the invention makes it possible to achieve the goal it had set itself, namely to allow the assembly of a rotating electrical machine subassembly comprising a step of plating a ring on a stator body implementing cold deformation means targeted on a portion of this ring surrounding the stator body, the use of cold deformation means as defined above, namely magneto means - crimping, allowing the rapid sequence of other assembly operations without the need for a cooling time penalizing the productivity of the assembly and also allowing effective and homogeneous fastening all around the stator body.
  • the present invention cannot however be limited to the means and configurations described and illustrated here and it also extends to any equivalent means and configuration as well as to any technically effective combination of such means.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)

Abstract

Method for forming a sub-assembly (6) of a rotary electric machine employing a magnetic-pulse-crimping station (34) comprising at least one wound member (36) configured to be passed through by a current and to generate as a result a magnetic field, the sub-assembly (6) of the rotary electric machine comprising at least a stator and a ring (20) encircling a body (12) of said stator, the method comprising: - a pre-assembly step during which the ring (20) is positioned around the stator body (12), the assembly formed by the ring and the stator body being housed inside the wound member (36) of the magnetic-pulse-crimping station; - a step of energizing the wound member (36) electrically; - a step of magnetic-pulse crimping in which the ring (20) is crimped to the stator body (12) via cold deformation of the ring (20) under the effect of a magnetic field.

Description

Sous-ensemble d’une machine électrique tournante et procédé de montage d’un tel sous -ensemble Sub-assembly of a rotating electrical machine and method of mounting such a sub-assembly
La présente invention s’inscrit dans le domaine des machines électriques tournantes, et concerne plus particulièrement un sous-ensemble de telles machines électriques tournantes et un procédé d’assemblage d’un tel sous-ensemble. The present invention falls within the field of rotating electrical machines, and relates more particularly to a subset of such rotating electrical machines and to a method for assembling such a subset.
De nos jours, il est connu d’équiper un groupe motopropulseur d’un véhicule automobile de machines électriques tournantes, qui font office, par exemple, de démarreur, d’alternateur voire d’altemo-démarreur. De telles machines électriques tournantes ont pour fonction de récupérer et distribuer de l’énergie électrique au sein du véhicule automobile associé, par exemple pour aider au démarrage du moteur équipant le véhicule automobile.Nowadays, it is known to equip a powertrain of a motor vehicle with rotating electrical machines, which act, for example, as a starter, an alternator or even an alternator-starter. Such rotating electrical machines have the function of recovering and distributing electrical energy within the associated motor vehicle, for example to help start the engine fitted to the motor vehicle.
La machine électrique tournante peut encore comprendre une poulie ou tout autre moyen de liaison vers le reste du groupe motopropulseur du véhicule. La machine électrique tournante est par exemple reliée, notamment via une courroie, au vilebrequin du moteur thermique du véhicule. En variante, la machine électrique tournante est reliée à d’autres emplacement du groupe motopropulseur, par exemple à l’entrée de la boîte de vitesses du point de vue du couple transitant vers les roues du véhicule, en sortie de la boîte de vitesses du point de vue du couple transitant vers les roues du véhicule, au niveau de la boîte de vitesses du point de vue du couple transitant vers les roues du véhicule, ou encore sur le train avant ou le train arrière de ce groupe motopropulseur. The rotating electrical machine may also include a pulley or any other means of connection to the rest of the vehicle's powertrain. The rotating electrical machine is for example connected, in particular via a belt, to the crankshaft of the heat engine of the vehicle. As a variant, the rotating electrical machine is connected to other locations of the powertrain, for example at the input of the gearbox from the point of view of the torque transiting towards the wheels of the vehicle, at the output of the gearbox of the point of view of the torque transiting towards the wheels of the vehicle, at the level of the gearbox from the point of view of the torque transiting towards the wheels of the vehicle, or even on the front axle or the rear axle of this powertrain.
De telles machines électriques tournantes comprennent au moins un stator, composé d’un paquet de tôles empilées les uns sur les autres, et un rotor apte à être entraîné en rotation autour d’un axe de rotation, à l’intérieur ou à l’extérieur du stator. La rotation du rotor est générée par, ou bien génère selon le mode de fonctionnement de la machine électrique tournante, un champ électromagnétique du fait d’un courant électrique apte à circuler dans une bobine associée au stator et d’éléments magnétiques associés au rotor. Such rotating electrical machines comprise at least one stator, consisting of a stack of laminations stacked on top of each other, and a rotor able to be driven in rotation about an axis of rotation, inside or outside. exterior of the stator. The rotation of the rotor is generated by, or generates according to the mode of operation of the rotating electrical machine, an electromagnetic field due to an electric current capable of flowing in a coil associated with the stator and magnetic elements associated with the rotor.
Afin de tenir ensemble les tôles les unes par rapport aux autres, et notamment s’assurer qu’elles soient toutes bien disposées coaxialement, il est connu d’agencer une bague autour du corps de stator, ou paquet de tôles, préalablement équipé d’un bobinage, le corps de stator et la bague formant un sous-ensemble qui est ensuite assemblé avec un rotor pour finaliser le montage de la machine électrique tournante. La bague est classiquement rendue solidaire du corps de stator par frettage, c’est-à-dire par chauffage de la bague et emmanchement de cette dernière sur le corps de stator, et cette fixation par frettage génère une élévation de la température des pièces au moins au niveau de la zone d’emmanchement. En plus du temps pris pour fretter la bague sur le corps de stator, cette augmentation de la température impose un temps de refroidissement aux pièces avant de pouvoir être manipulées et utilisées pour la suite de l’opération d’assemblage de la machine électrique tournante, ce temps pouvant aller parfois jusqu’à plusieurs minutes. In order to hold the laminations together relative to each other, and in particular to ensure that they are all well arranged coaxially, it is known to arrange a ring around the stator body, or stack of laminations, previously equipped with a winding, the stator body and the ring forming a sub-assembly which is then assembled with a rotor to finalize the assembly of the rotating electrical machine. The ring is conventionally secured to the stator body by shrinking, that is to say by heating the ring and fitting the latter onto the stator body, and this fastening by shrinking generates an increase in the temperature of the parts at least at the fitting zone. In addition to the time taken to shrink the ring on the stator body, this increase in temperature imposes a cooling time on the parts before they can be handled and used for the rest of the assembly operation of the rotating electrical machine, this time can sometimes go up to several minutes.
La présente invention s’inscrit dans ce contexte en proposant un procédé de montage d’un sous-ensemble de machine électrique tournante dans lequel une bague faisant office d’enveloppe à un corps de stator notamment formé par un paquet de tôles pourrait être montée à froid autour du stator, permettant ainsi de diminuer très fortement le temps de montage d’une machine électrique tournante. The present invention falls within this context by proposing a method for mounting a rotating electrical machine sub-assembly in which a ring acting as an envelope for a stator body in particular formed by a stack of laminations could be mounted at cold around the stator, thus greatly reducing the assembly time of a rotating electrical machine.
Dans ce contexte, la présente invention a pour principal objet un procédé de montage d’un sous-ensemble d’une machine électrique tournante mettant en œuvre un poste de magnéto- sertissage comprenant au moins un organe bobiné configuré pour être traversé par un courant et générer en conséquence un champ magnétique, le sous-ensemble de la machine électrique tournante comprenant au moins un stator et une bague entourant un corps dudit stator, caractérisé en ce que le procédé de montage du sous-ensemble de la machine électrique tournante comporte : une étape de pré-assemblage durant laquelle la bague est positionnée autour du corps de stator du sous-ensemble de la machine électrique tournante, l’ensemble formé par la bague et le corps de stator étant logé à l’intérieur de l’organe bobiné du poste de magnéto-sertissage ; une étape d’alimentation électrique de l’organe bobiné ; une étape de magnéto-sertissage de la bague sur le corps de stator par déformation à froid de la bague projetée contre le stator sous l’effet d’un champ magnétique induit par l’étape d’alimentation électrique de l’organe bobiné. In this context, the main object of the present invention is a method for assembling a subassembly of a rotating electrical machine implementing a magneto-crimping station comprising at least one coiled member configured to be traversed by a current and consequently generating a magnetic field, the sub-assembly of the rotating electrical machine comprising at least one stator and a ring surrounding a body of said stator, characterized in that the method of mounting the sub-assembly of the rotating electrical machine comprises: a pre-assembly step during which the ring is positioned around the stator body of the sub-assembly of the rotating electrical machine, the assembly formed by the ring and the stator body being housed inside the wound member of the magneto-crimping station; a step of power supplying the coiled member; a magneto-crimping step of the ring on the stator body by cold deformation of the ring projected against the stator under the effect of a magnetic field induced by the electrical supply step of the wound member.
L’étape de magnéto-sertissage consiste en une déformation à froid de la bague sur le corps de stator. Les charges magnétiques, d’une part de la bobine présente dans l’organe bobiné et alimentée électriquement et d’autre part de la bague formant une pièce externe de l’ensemble disposé dans l’organe bobiné, s’opposent comme deux aimants et la répulsion ainsi générée provoque une forte accélération de la bague par rapport au corps de stator disposé dans une position centrale. Une telle accélération pousse les atomes des matériaux de la bague et du corps de stator les uns contre les autres et l’on obtient ainsi un assemblage métallique dit à froid, du fait que les matériaux n’atteignent pas plus de 30°C et qu’il n’y a donc pas de zone affectée thermiquement. The magneto-crimping step consists of cold deformation of the ring on the stator body. The magnetic charges, on the one hand of the coil present in the wound member and supplied electrically and on the other hand of the ring forming an external part of the assembly arranged in the wound member, oppose each other like two magnets and the repulsion thus generated causes a strong acceleration of the ring relative to the stator body arranged in a central position. Such an acceleration pushes the atoms of the materials of the ring and of the stator body against each other and a so-called cold metal assembly is thus obtained, since the materials do not reach more than 30°C and that there is therefore no heat-affected zone.
Un tel procédé permet de pouvoir positionner la bague contre le corps de stator rapidement et sans dégager une chaleur nécessitant un temps de refroidissement après la réalisation de ce procédé. En effet, d’une part la durée du temps de l’étape de magnéto- sertissage est de l’ordre de 1CT4 à 1CT7 secondes, optimisant ainsi l’assemblage de la bague sur le corps de stator, et d’autre part la réalisation se déroule à froid, c’est-à-dire que la température du sous-ensemble à la sortie du procédé est proche de la température à laquelle était chacun des composants dudit sous-ensemble, évitant d’ajouter une étape de refroidissement au procédé. Un tel procédé permet ainsi d’améliorer l’assemblage de sous- ensembles, permettant la réduction du temps de cycle. Such a process makes it possible to be able to position the ring against the stator body quickly and without generating heat requiring a cooling time after the performance of this process. Indeed, on the one hand the time duration of the magneto-crimping step is of the order of 1CT 4 to 1CT 7 seconds, thus optimizing the assembly of the ring on the stator body, and on the other apart from the realization takes place cold, that is to say that the temperature of the subassembly at the outlet of the process is close to the temperature at which each of the components of said subassembly was, avoiding adding a step of process cooling. Such a method thus makes it possible to improve the assembly of sub-assemblies, allowing the cycle time to be reduced.
On comprend que l’étape de pré-assemblage permet de positionner le corps de stator et la bague l’un par rapport à l’autre en prévision de l’étape de magnéto-sertissage. Cette étape de pré-assemblage consiste d’une part à positionner correctement le corps de stator par rapport à la bague participant à former le sous-ensemble tel qu’évoqué et d’autre part à positionner correctement cet ensemble par rapport à l’organe bobiné. It is understood that the pre-assembly step makes it possible to position the stator body and the ring relative to each other in anticipation of the magneto-crimping step. This pre-assembly step consists on the one hand in positioning the stator body correctly with respect to the ring participating in forming the sub-assembly as mentioned and on the other hand in positioning this assembly correctly with respect to the component reel.
L’étape d’alimentation électrique de l’organe bobiné peut être par exemple une alimentation directe de l’organe bobiné, si l’alimentation électrique est suffisante pour créer le champ électromagnétique nécessaire à la déformation de la bague dans l’étape de magnéto- sertissage. L’étape d’alimentation peut également comporter une étape de stockage d’énergie électrique dans un accumulateur. The power supply step of the coiled member can for example be a direct power supply of the coiled member, if the power supply is sufficient to create the electromagnetic field necessary for the deformation of the ring in the magneto step - crimping. The power supply step can also include a step of storing electrical energy in an accumulator.
Tel qu’évoqué, l’étape de magnéto-sertissage quant à elle est l’étape durant laquelle la bague est sertie sur le corps de stator. Grâce à la force produite par le champ électromagnétique générée par l’organe bobiné, la bague est projetée à l’opposé de l’organe bobiné, c’est-à-dire vers le corps de stator. En étant projetée ainsi par le champ électromagnétique, la bague épouse la forme externe du corps de stator et est avantageusement rendue solidaire du corps de stator. As mentioned, the magneto-crimping step is the step during which the ring is crimped on the stator body. Thanks to the force produced by the electromagnetic field generated by the wound member, the ring is projected away from the wound member, that is to say towards the stator body. By being projected in this way by the electromagnetic field, the ring conforms to the external shape of the stator body and is advantageously secured to the stator body.
Selon une caractéristique optionnelle de l’invention, l’étape d’alimentation électrique de l’organe bobiné comporte une phase d’accumulation d’énergie par un accumulateur d’énergie électrique associé à l’organe bobiné puis une phase de décharge de l’énergie accumulée en direction de l’organe bobiné. According to an optional feature of the invention, the step of power supplying the coiled member comprises an energy accumulation phase by an electrical energy accumulator associated with the coiled member then a phase of discharging the energy accumulated in the direction of the coiled organ.
On comprend que le poste de magnéto-sertissage comprend, en plus de l’organe bobiné, un accumulateur d’énergie électrique et par ailleurs un interrupteur apte à permettre la décharge de l’énergie électrique stockée à direction de l’organe bobiné lorsqu’il est détecté que suffisamment d’énergie électrique a été stockée. It is understood that the magneto-crimping station comprises, in addition to the coiled member, an electrical energy accumulator and also a switch able to allow the discharging stored electrical energy toward the coiled member when it is detected that sufficient electrical energy has been stored.
Selon une autre caractéristique optionnelle de l’invention, au cours de l’étape d’alimentation électrique, une caractéristique du courant électrique fourni à l’organe bobiné présente une valeur supérieure à une valeur seuil en deçà de laquelle le champ magnétique induit dans l’étape de magnéto-sertissage n’est pas apte à projeter à froid la bague contre le corps de stator. According to another optional characteristic of the invention, during the electrical supply step, a characteristic of the electrical current supplied to the coiled member has a value greater than a threshold value below which the magnetic field induced in the the magneto-crimping step is not suitable for cold projecting the ring against the stator body.
Selon une autre caractéristique optionnelle de l’invention, le procédé comprend une étape d’assemblage d’un conduit de refroidissement autour du stator, au cours de laquelle au moins un élément d’étanchéité est positionné sur la bague pour participer à délimiter le conduit qui est formé au moins en partie par la bague, ladite étape d’assemblage étant réalisée après l’étape de magnéto-sertissage. According to another optional characteristic of the invention, the method comprises a step of assembling a cooling duct around the stator, during which at least one sealing element is positioned on the ring to participate in delimiting the duct which is formed at least in part by the ring, said assembly step being carried out after the magneto-crimping step.
Le sous-ensemble peut participer à définir un conduit de refroidissement qui s’étend autour dudit sous-ensemble, l’élément d’étanchéité pouvant par exemple être un joint d’étanchéité et/ ou de la colle disposés entre la bague et un élément annulaire. Le procédé de magnéto- sertissage, consistant tel qu’évoqué précédemment en une déformation à froid, permet une déformation ciblée de la zone de la bague destinée à être au contact du corps de stator, sans modifier la forme d’autres parties, et notamment des parties de la bague apte à recevoir l’élément d’étanchéité. Le procédé de magnéto-sertissage est ainsi particulièrement avantageux dans le cas d’une mise en œuvre d’un conduit de refroidissement autour de la bague, puisqu’il permet d’assurer un minimum de contraintes thermiques et de déformations mécaniques résultantes et donc d’assurer une étanchéité conforme à ce qui est théoriquement prévu en conception. The sub-assembly can participate in defining a cooling duct which extends around said sub-assembly, the sealing element being able for example to be a seal and/or glue placed between the ring and an element annular. The magneto-crimping process, consisting as mentioned above of cold deformation, allows targeted deformation of the zone of the ring intended to be in contact with the stator body, without modifying the shape of other parts, and in particular parts of the ring capable of receiving the sealing element. The magneto-crimping process is thus particularly advantageous in the case of implementation of a cooling duct around the ring, since it makes it possible to ensure a minimum of thermal stresses and resulting mechanical deformations and therefore of to ensure a tightness in accordance with what is theoretically planned in design.
La présente invention a également pour objet un sous-ensemble d’une machine électrique tournante obtenu par un procédé selon l’une quelconque des caractéristiques précédentes, ledit sous-ensemble comprenant au moins un corps de stator comportant au moins une surface externe s’inscrivant dans un cylindre, la bague étant configurée pour être plaquée au moins partiellement contre la surface externe du corps de stator, la bague présentant une face interne en contact avec le corps de stator et une face externe configurée pour être orientée vers l’extérieur du sous-ensemble de la machine électrique tournante. On comprend que la face interne de la bague prend au moins partiellement la forme de la surface externe du corps de stator. Selon une autre caractéristique optionnelle de l’invention, le corps de stator comprend un empilement de strates successives et présente au moins une rainure axiale au niveau de sa surface externe, la rainure axiale s’étendant le long d’une direction parallèle à l’axe de rotation pour permettre une indexation angulaire des strates successives, et caractérisée en ce que la bague présente une déformation au droit de ladite rainure axiale du stator. Cette déformation permet notamment d’améliorer une liaison en rotation entre le corps de stator et la bague. The present invention also relates to a sub-assembly of a rotating electrical machine obtained by a method according to any one of the preceding characteristics, said sub-assembly comprising at least one stator body comprising at least one external surface in a cylinder, the ring being configured to be flattened at least partially against the external surface of the stator body, the ring having an internal face in contact with the stator body and an external face configured to be oriented towards the exterior of the sub - assembly of the rotating electric machine. It is understood that the internal face of the ring takes at least partially the shape of the external surface of the stator body. According to another optional feature of the invention, the stator body comprises a stack of successive strata and has at least one axial groove at its outer surface, the axial groove extending along a direction parallel to the axis of rotation to allow angular indexing of the successive strata, and characterized in that the ring has a deformation in line with the said axial groove of the stator. This deformation makes it possible in particular to improve a connection in rotation between the stator body and the ring.
Selon une autre caractéristique optionnelle de l’invention, une épaisseur mesurée entre la face externe et la face interne de la bague le long d’une direction radiale perpendiculaire à l’axe de rotation est constante sur tout le pourtour de la bague, et dans laquelle la face externe de la bague présente un relief en creux au droit de la rainure axiale du stator. According to another optional characteristic of the invention, a thickness measured between the outer face and the inner face of the ring along a radial direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation is constant over the entire circumference of the ring, and in which the outer face of the ring has a recessed relief in line with the axial groove of the stator.
Selon une autre caractéristique optionnelle de l’invention, la bague comprend une portion de contact au niveau de laquelle la face interne de la bague est en contact de la surface externe du corps de stator et au moins une portion d’extrémité prolongeant axialement la portion de contact, et dans laquelle la dimension axiale de la portion de contact de la bague est égale à la dimension axiale du corps de stator. According to another optional feature of the invention, the ring comprises a contact portion at which the inner face of the ring is in contact with the outer surface of the stator body and at least one end portion axially extending the portion contact, and wherein the axial dimension of the contact portion of the ring is equal to the axial dimension of the stator body.
Selon une autre caractéristique optionnelle de l’invention, la face externe de la bague participe à délimiter un conduit de refroidissement du corps de stator destiné à être traversé par un fluide de refroidissement. According to another optional feature of the invention, the outer face of the ring participates in delimiting a cooling duct of the stator body intended to be traversed by a cooling fluid.
Selon une autre caractéristique optionnelle de l’invention, le sous-ensemble comprend un corps annulaire entourant la bague à distance de cette dernière de manière à délimiter le conduit de refroidissement entre la bague et le corps annulaire. According to another optional characteristic of the invention, the sub-assembly comprises an annular body surrounding the ring at a distance from the latter so as to delimit the cooling duct between the ring and the annular body.
Selon une autre caractéristique optionnelle de l’invention, la bague comprend au moins une gorge s’étendant annulairement sur le pourtour de la bague, la gorge étant disposée au niveau d’une portion d’extrémité de la bague et configurée pour recevoir un élément d’étanchéité du conduit de refroidissement. According to another optional characteristic of the invention, the ring comprises at least one groove extending annularly around the periphery of the ring, the groove being arranged at the level of an end portion of the ring and configured to receive an element sealing of the cooling duct.
L’invention a enfin pour objet une machine électrique tournante comprenant un stator et un rotor destiné à être entraîné en rotation dans le stator autour d’un axe de rotation, la machine électrique tournante comprenant un sous-ensemble selon l’une quelconque des caractéristiques précédentes et un bobinage apte à générer un champ électromagnétique pour entraîner en rotation le rotor autour de l’axe de rotation. D’autres caractéristiques, détails et avantages de l’invention ressortiront plus clairement à la lecture de la description qui suit d’une part, et de plusieurs exemples de réalisation donnés à titre indicatif et non limitatif en référence aux dessins schématiques annexés d’autre part, sur lesquels : Finally, the subject of the invention is a rotary electric machine comprising a stator and a rotor intended to be driven in rotation in the stator around an axis of rotation, the rotary electric machine comprising a subassembly according to any one of the characteristics above and a winding capable of generating an electromagnetic field to drive the rotor in rotation around the axis of rotation. Other characteristics, details and advantages of the invention will emerge more clearly on reading the description which follows on the one hand, and several examples of embodiment given by way of indication and not limitation with reference to the appended schematic drawings on the other. part, on which:
- la figure 1 est une représentation en perspective d’éléments d’une machine électrique tournante, rendant notamment visible un sous-ensemble comprenant une bague entourant un corps de stator ; - Figure 1 is a perspective representation of elements of a rotating electrical machine, showing in particular a sub-assembly comprising a ring surrounding a stator body;
-la figure 2 est une vue éclatée des éléments du sous-ensemble représenté sur la figure 1 ;FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the elements of the subassembly shown in FIG. 1;
- la figure 3 est une représentation schématique, en coupe, d’un détail du sous-ensemble représenté sur la figure 1, rendant visible une déformation de la bague venant se loger dans une rainure du corps de stator ; - Figure 3 is a schematic representation, in section, of a detail of the sub-assembly shown in Figure 1, showing a deformation of the ring coming to be housed in a groove of the stator body;
- la figure 4 est une représentation schématique, en coupe, du sous-ensemble représenté sur la figure 1, rendant notamment visible un conduit de refroidissement formé sur le pourtour de ce sous-ensemble ; - Figure 4 is a schematic representation, in section, of the sub-assembly shown in Figure 1, showing in particular a cooling duct formed on the periphery of this sub-assembly;
- la figure 5est une représentation schématique d’un poste de magnéto-sertissage à froid permettant de réaliser le magnéto-sertissage de la bague sur le corps de stator du sous- ensemble représenté sur la figure 1. - Figure 5 is a schematic representation of a cold magneto-crimping station for performing the magneto-crimping of the ring on the stator body of the sub-assembly shown in Figure 1.
Les caractéristiques, variantes et les différentes formes de réalisation de l’invention peuvent être associées les unes avec les autres, selon diverses combinaisons, dans la mesure où elles ne sont pas incompatibles ou exclusives les unes par rapport aux autres. On pourra notamment imaginer des variantes de l’invention ne comprenant qu’une sélection de caractéristiques décrites par la suite de manière isolée des autres caractéristiques décrites, si cette sélection de caractéristiques est suffisante pour conférer un avantage technique et/ ou pour différencier l’invention par rapport à l’état de la technique antérieur. The features, variants and different embodiments of the invention may be associated with each other, in various combinations, insofar as they are not incompatible or exclusive with respect to each other. In particular, variants of the invention may be imagined comprising only a selection of characteristics described below in isolation from the other characteristics described, if this selection of characteristics is sufficient to confer a technical advantage and/or to differentiate the invention. compared to the prior art.
Dans la description détaillée qui va suivre, les dénominations « longitudinale » et « axiale » se réfèrent à la direction parallèle à l’axe de rotation du rotor au sein de la machine électrique tournante équipé du sous-ensemble selon l’invention. Et dans cette description, les éléments communs à plusieurs figures conservent la même référence. In the detailed description that follows, the terms "longitudinal" and "axial" refer to the direction parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotor within the rotating electrical machine equipped with the subassembly according to the invention. And in this description, the elements common to several figures retain the same reference.
Sur la figure 1 est illustré un sous-ensemble d’une machine électrique tournante comprenant un stator 2 configuré pour loger un rotor qui est destiné à être entraîné en rotation dans le stator 2 autour d’un axe de rotation longitudinal A. Le rotor peut comporter un élément magnétique apte à être attiré et/ ou repoussé par un champ électromagnétique qui est généré par une alimentation électrique d’un bobinage formant partie du stator 2. In Figure 1 is illustrated a subassembly of a rotating electrical machine comprising a stator 2 configured to house a rotor which is intended to be driven in rotation in the stator 2 about a longitudinal axis of rotation A. The rotor can comprise a magnetic element capable of being attracted and/or repelled by an electromagnetic field which is generated by an electrical supply from a winding forming part of the stator 2.
Il convient de noter d’une part que par élément magnétique, on entend aussi bien des aimants permanents disposés sur le rotor, et notamment en périphérie de celui-ci, que des éléments de bobinage logé au sein du rotor. Il convient de noter d’autre part que sans sortir du contexte de l’invention, qui vise à protéger l’agencement d’une bague autour d’un corps de stator, on pourrait prévoir des rotors dépourvus d’éléments magnétiques, notamment dans le cadre de machines à réluctance variable. It should be noted on the one hand that by magnetic element, we mean both permanent magnets arranged on the rotor, and in particular on the periphery of the latter, and winding elements housed within the rotor. It should be noted on the other hand that without departing from the context of the invention, which aims to protect the arrangement of a ring around a stator body, one could provide rotors devoid of magnetic elements, in particular in the framework of variable reluctance machines.
Le sous-ensemble 6 est notamment formé du stator, comportant un corps de stator 12 et un bobinage 8 associé au corps de stator et apte à être alimenté pour générer le champ électromagnétique tel qu’évoqué. The sub-assembly 6 is in particular formed of the stator, comprising a stator body 12 and a winding 8 associated with the stator body and capable of being powered to generate the electromagnetic field as mentioned.
Une machine électrique tournante équipée d’un tel sous-ensemble 6 peut par exemple équiper un véhicule automobile en faisant office d’alterno-démarreur. A rotating electrical machine equipped with such a sub-assembly 6 can for example equip a motor vehicle by acting as an alternator-starter.
Le corps de stator 12, configuré pour recevoir le bobinage 8, est composé par un paquet de tôles empilées le long de la direction longitudinale de manière à former des strates successives. Chaque tôle participe à former sur une face interne des encoches de réception du bobinage 8 formé par une pluralité de segments conducteurs apte à être traversé par un courant électrique pour produire un champ électromagnétique. The stator body 12, configured to receive the winding 8, is made up of a stack of laminations stacked along the longitudinal direction so as to form successive strata. Each sheet participates in forming on an internal face notches for receiving the winding 8 formed by a plurality of conductive segments able to be traversed by an electric current to produce an electromagnetic field.
Comme plus particulièrement visible sur la figure 2, le paquet de tôles constitutif du corps de stator 12 présente une surface externe 14 s’inscrivant dans un premier cylindre régulier et une surface interne 16 dans laquelle sont formées une pluralité d’encoches pour la réception du bobinage 8. As more particularly visible in FIG. 2, the stack of laminations constituting the stator body 12 has an external surface 14 inscribed in a first regular cylinder and an internal surface 16 in which are formed a plurality of notches for receiving the winding 8.
Le corps de stator 12 présente au moins une rainure axiale 18 au niveau de sa surface externe 14, la rainure axiale 18 s’étendant le long de la direction longitudinale pour permettre une indexation angulaire des strates successives. Plus précisément, chacune des tôles constitutives du paquet de tôles constitutives du corps de stator 12 présente une même gorge et les tôles sont empilées les unes sur les autres de sorte que ces gorges sont alignées pour former la rainure axiale 18. On comprend ici que les gorges formant la rainure axiale 18 permettent de positionner les tôles les unes par rapport aux autres lors du montage du corps de stator 12 et notamment de s’assurer que le profil de la surface interne du paquet de tôles forme des encoches régulières. Tel que cela est visible sur la figure 3, la rainure axiale 18 peut présenter une section rectangulaire vue dans un plan de coupe perpendiculaire par rapport à une direction d’extension principale longitudinale de la rainure axiale 18. On comprend que la gorge de chacune des tôles participant à former la rainure axiale est délimitée par deux bords latéraux et un bord de fond. De manière alternative, la rainure axiale 18 pourrait présenter une section plus arrondie avec la gorge de chaque tôle formée par une portion de cercle. The stator body 12 has at least one axial groove 18 at its outer surface 14, the axial groove 18 extending along the longitudinal direction to allow angular indexing of successive strata. More specifically, each of the constituent laminations of the stack of constituent laminations of the stator body 12 has the same groove and the laminations are stacked on top of each other so that these grooves are aligned to form the axial groove 18. It is understood here that the grooves forming the axial groove 18 make it possible to position the laminations with respect to each other during assembly of the stator body 12 and in particular to ensure that the profile of the internal surface of the stack of laminations forms regular notches. As seen in Figure 3, the axial groove 18 may have a rectangular section seen in a section plane perpendicular to a main longitudinal direction of extension of the axial groove 18. It is understood that the groove of each of the plates participating in forming the axial groove is delimited by two side edges and a bottom edge. Alternatively, the axial groove 18 could have a more rounded section with the groove of each sheet formed by a portion of a circle.
Les segments conducteurs formant le bobinage 8 du stator 2 sont disposés dans chacune des encoches formées dans la surface interne 16 du corps de stator 12, en étant reliés entre eux à chacune des extrémités longitudinales du corps de stator 12. The conductive segments forming the winding 8 of the stator 2 are arranged in each of the notches formed in the internal surface 16 of the stator body 12, being connected to each other at each of the longitudinal ends of the stator body 12.
Selon l’invention, le sous-ensemble 6 comporte par ailleurs une bague 20 entourant le corps de stator 12, la bague 20 étant rendue solidaire du corps de stator 12 par un procédé d’assemblage du sous-ensemble 6, par magnéto-sertissage, qui sera décrit plus tard dans la description de l’invention. According to the invention, the sub-assembly 6 also comprises a ring 20 surrounding the stator body 12, the ring 20 being secured to the stator body 12 by a method of assembling the sub-assembly 6, by magneto-crimping , which will be described later in the description of the invention.
La bague 20 est configurée pour être plaquée au moins partiellement contre la surface externe 14 du corps de stator 12. En d’autres termes, la bague 20 présente une face interne 22 en contact avec la surface externe 14 du corps de stator 12 et une face externe 24 configurée pour être orientée vers l’extérieur du sous-ensemble 6 de la machine électrique tournante 1. Pour cela, la bague 20 prend globalement une forme annulaire avec la face interne 22 qui prend au moins partiellement la forme de la surface externe 14 du corps de stator 12. The ring 20 is configured to be pressed at least partially against the external surface 14 of the stator body 12. In other words, the ring 20 has an internal face 22 in contact with the external surface 14 of the stator body 12 and a external face 24 configured to be oriented towards the outside of the sub-assembly 6 of the rotating electric machine 1. For this, the ring 20 generally takes an annular shape with the internal face 22 which takes at least partially the shape of the external surface 14 from the stator body 12.
Plus particulièrement, tout ou partie de la face interne 22 de la bague 20 est plaquée contre la surface externe 14 du corps de stator 12. La face interne 22 de la bague 20 s’inscrit principalement dans un cylindre dont le rayon est similaire au rayon du cylindre dans lequel s’inscrit principalement la surface externe 14 du corps de stator 12. More particularly, all or part of the inner face 22 of the ring 20 is pressed against the outer surface 14 of the stator body 12. The inner face 22 of the ring 20 is mainly inscribed in a cylinder whose radius is similar to the radius of the cylinder in which the outer surface 14 of the stator body 12 mainly fits.
Par ailleurs et tel que cela est plus particulièrement visible sur les figures 1 à 3, la bague 20, une fois plaquée contre le corps de stator par magnéto-sertissage tel que cela va être décrit ci-après, présente une déformation 26 au droit de ladite rainure axiale 18 du stator 2. La déformation 26 de la bague 20 est telle que la face interne 22 et la face externe 24 de cette bague 20 ne s’inscrivent plus dans leur cylindre respectif au niveau de la rainure axiale 18 du stator 2, et sont toutes les deux localement logées dans le dégagement formé par la rainure axiale 18 disposée le long du corps de stator. Cette déformation 26 consiste ainsi en un relief en creux formé dans la bague lorsque celle-ci est vue de l’extérieur, et ce relief en creux prend une forme adaptée à celle de la rainure axiale 18. Furthermore and as is more particularly visible in Figures 1 to 3, the ring 20, once pressed against the stator body by magneto-crimping as will be described below, has a deformation 26 to the right of said axial groove 18 of the stator 2. The deformation 26 of the ring 20 is such that the internal face 22 and the external face 24 of this ring 20 no longer fit into their respective cylinder at the level of the axial groove 18 of the stator 2 , and are both locally housed in the recess formed by the axial groove 18 disposed along the stator body. This deformation 26 thus consists of a hollow relief formed in the ring when the latter is seen from the outside, and this relief in hollow takes a shape adapted to that of the axial groove 18.
Dans l’exemple illustré sur la figure 3, où la rainure axiale 18 présente une section rectangulaire, la face interne 22 de la bague 20 au niveau de la déformation 26 est en contact avec au moins le bord de fond et l’épaisseur de la bague restant constante, la face externe 24 de la bague 20 au niveau de la déformation 26 prend globalement la forme de la face interne 22 et reproduit ainsi globalement sur la face externe 24 la forme générale de la rainure axiale 18. In the example illustrated in FIG. 3, where the axial groove 18 has a rectangular section, the internal face 22 of the ring 20 at the level of the deformation 26 is in contact with at least the bottom edge and the thickness of the ring remaining constant, the outer face 24 of the ring 20 at the level of the deformation 26 globally takes the shape of the inner face 22 and thus globally reproduces on the outer face 24 the general shape of the axial groove 18.
Dans l’alternative évoquée précédemment où la rainure axiale 18 présente une section en forme de portion de cercle, la face interne 22 de la bague 20 au niveau de la déformation 26 peut être plaquée contre chacun des bords de la rainure axiale 18 et la face externe 24 peut reproduire à l’identique la forme de la rainure axiale, l’épaisseur de la bague restant là encore constante sur tout le pourtour de la bague et donc au niveau de la déformation 26.In the alternative mentioned above where the axial groove 18 has a section in the shape of a portion of a circle, the internal face 22 of the ring 20 at the level of the deformation 26 can be pressed against each of the edges of the axial groove 18 and the face external 24 can reproduce identically the shape of the axial groove, the thickness of the ring again remaining constant over the entire circumference of the ring and therefore at the level of the deformation 26.
Quelle que soit la forme de la rainure, il convient ici de noter que l’épaisseur de la bague 20, mesurée entre la face externe 24 et la face interne 22 de la bague 20 le long d’une direction radiale perpendiculaire à l’axe de rotation A, est constante sur tout le pourtour de la bague 20, et que cette épaisseur reste globalement la même au niveau de la déformation 26, un léger amincissement pouvant être constaté au niveau de cette déformation 26. A titre d’exemple, l’épaisseur de la bague 20 mesurée entre la face externe 24 et la face interne 22 est avantageusement comprise entre 0,5 et 3 millimètres, de préférence entre 1mm et 2mm.Whatever the shape of the groove, it should be noted here that the thickness of the ring 20, measured between the outer face 24 and the inner face 22 of the ring 20 along a radial direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation A, is constant over the entire circumference of the ring 20, and that this thickness remains generally the same at the level of the deformation 26, a slight thinning being able to be observed at the level of this deformation 26. By way of example, the the thickness of the ring 20 measured between the external face 24 and the internal face 22 is advantageously between 0.5 and 3 millimeters, preferably between 1 mm and 2 mm.
Selon l’invention, la bague 20 comprend une portion de contact 28, au niveau de laquelle la face interne 22 de la bague 20 est en contact de la surface externe 14 du corps de stator 12, et au moins une portion d’extrémité 30 prolongeant axialement la portion de contact 28. Plus particulièrement, la dimension axiale de la portion de contact 28 de la bague 20 est égale à la dimension axiale du corps de stator 12, et la ou les portions d’extrémité ne s’étendent pas en regard du corps de stator, mais en regard d’une extrémité du bobinage 8 lorsque celui-ci est agencé dans le corps de stator. En d’autres termes, la bague 20 présente des portions d’extrémité 30 faisant saillie axialement de part et d’autre du corps de stator 12, les portions d’extrémité 30 n’étant pas plaquées contre la surface externe 14 du corps de stator 12 à la différence de la portion de contact 28. Ainsi, seule la portion de contact 28 de la bague 20 est magnéto-sertie sur le corps de stator 12, au cours du procédé qui va être décrit par la suite. According to the invention, the ring 20 comprises a contact portion 28, at which the inner face 22 of the ring 20 is in contact with the outer surface 14 of the stator body 12, and at least one end portion 30 axially extending the contact portion 28. More particularly, the axial dimension of the contact portion 28 of the ring 20 is equal to the axial dimension of the stator body 12, and the end portion or portions do not extend facing the stator body, but facing one end of the winding 8 when the latter is arranged in the stator body. In other words, the ring 20 has end portions 30 projecting axially on either side of the stator body 12, the end portions 30 not being pressed against the outer surface 14 of the stator body. stator 12 unlike the contact portion 28. Thus, only the contact portion 28 of the ring 20 is magneto-crimped on the stator body 12, during the process which will be described later.
Tel qu’illustré sur la figure 4, la face externe 24 de la bague 20 participe à délimiter un conduit de refroidissement 21 du corps de stator 12 destiné à être traversé par un fluide de refroidissement. La face externe 24 forme au moins en partie l’intérieur du conduit, le fluide de refroidissement circulant au moins en partie autour du corps de stator 12. As illustrated in Figure 4, the outer face 24 of the ring 20 participates in delimiting a cooling conduit 21 of the stator body 12 intended to be traversed by a cooling fluid. The outer face 24 forms at least partly the interior of the duct, the cooling fluid circulating at least partly around the stator body 12.
Le fluide de refroidissement est par exemple destiné à refroidir des composants du sous- ensemble 6 tel que le corps de stator 12, et ce fluide de refroidissement peut par exemple être de l’eau sous forme liquide ou tout autre fluide participant à la régulation thermique d’un des composants. The cooling fluid is for example intended to cool components of the sub-assembly 6 such as the stator body 12, and this cooling fluid can for example be water in liquid form or any other fluid participating in thermal regulation. of one of the components.
Pour cela, un corps annulaire 23 est configuré pour entourer la bague 20 à distance de cette dernière de manière à délimiter le conduit de refroidissement 21 entre la bague 20 et le corps annulaire. On comprend par « à distance » que le corps annulaire n’est pas en contact direct avec la bague 20, le fluide de refroidissement pouvant ainsi circuler entre le corps annulaire et la bague 20. For this, an annular body 23 is configured to surround the ring 20 at a distance from the latter so as to delimit the cooling conduit 21 between the ring 20 and the annular body. “Remotely” means that the annular body is not in direct contact with the ring 20, the cooling fluid thus being able to circulate between the annular body and the ring 20.
La bague 20 comprend au moins une gorge 32 s’étendant annulairement sur le pourtour de la bague 20, et plus particulièrement sur le pourtour de la face externe 24 de la bague 20. La gorge 32 est disposée au niveau d’une portion d’extrémité 30 de la bague 20 et elle est configurée pour recevoir un élément d’étanchéité 33 du conduit de refroidissement. Dans ce contexte, avantageusement, la bague 20 comprend deux gorges 32 s’étendant annulairement sur le pourtour de la bague 20, une première gorge étant disposée au niveau de l’une de portions d’extrémité 30 de la bague 20 et la deuxième gorge étant disposée au niveau de l’autre portion d’extrémité 30 de la bague. Il résulte de cet agencement, chaque gorge étant configurée pour recevoir un élément d’étanchéité, que le fluide de refroidissement peut circuler de façon étanche autour du corps de stator dans le conduit de refroidissement. En d’autres termes, le conduit de refroidissement est délimité par exemple par la face externe 24 de la bague 20, par le corps annulaire et par le ou les éléments d’étanchéité. The ring 20 comprises at least one groove 32 extending annularly around the periphery of the ring 20, and more particularly over the periphery of the outer face 24 of the ring 20. The groove 32 is arranged at the level of a portion of end 30 of the ring 20 and it is configured to receive a sealing element 33 of the cooling duct. In this context, the ring 20 advantageously comprises two grooves 32 extending annularly around the periphery of the ring 20, a first groove being arranged at the level of one of the end portions 30 of the ring 20 and the second groove being disposed at the level of the other end portion 30 of the ring. It follows from this arrangement, each groove being configured to receive a sealing element, that the cooling fluid can circulate in a sealed manner around the stator body in the cooling duct. In other words, the cooling duct is delimited for example by the external face 24 of the ring 20, by the annular body and by the sealing element or elements.
Il résulte de ce qui précède que, tel qu’illustré sur la figure 4, les gorges 32 et les éléments d’étanchéité 33 que les gorges sont destinées à recevoir s’étendent axialement en décalage par rapport au corps de stator, en étant ici en regard des extrémités du bobinage 8. Ceci est particulièrement avantageux en ce que l’opération de magnéto-sertissage telle qu’elle va être décrite par la suite est effective sur la partie de la bague 20 destinée à être en contact avec la surface externe 14 du corps de stator 12, et la forme et les dimensions des gorges 32 ne sont ainsi pas impactées par cette opération de magnéto-sertissage. Dans une variante de réalisation non représentée, les gorges 32 peuvent être réalisées dans le corps annulaire 23 et les éléments d’étanchéité disposés dans cette gorge reposent contre la face externe 24 de la bague pour former l’étanchéité du conduit de refroidissement. Là encore, il est avantageux d’avoir les gorges qui sont décalées axialement par rapport au corps de stator, de sorte que les portées de joint formées sur la bague et contre lesquelles doivent reposer les éléments d’étanchéité ne soient pas impactées par l’opération de magnéto-sertissage. It follows from the foregoing that, as illustrated in Figure 4, the grooves 32 and the sealing elements 33 that the grooves are intended to receive extend axially offset from the stator body, being here facing the ends of the winding 8. This is particularly advantageous in that the magneto-crimping operation as it will be described later is effective on the part of the ring 20 intended to be in contact with the external surface 14 of the stator body 12, and the shape and dimensions of the grooves 32 are thus not impacted by this magneto-crimping operation. In a variant embodiment not shown, the grooves 32 can be made in the annular body 23 and the sealing elements arranged in this groove rest against the external face 24 of the ring to form the sealing of the cooling duct. Here again, it is advantageous to have the grooves which are axially offset with respect to the stator body, so that the seal surfaces formed on the ring and against which the sealing elements must rest are not impacted by the magneto-crimping operation.
L’élément d’étanchéité peut par exemple être un joint d’étanchéité annulaire en caoutchouc ou bien consister en un cordon de colle disposé dans la gorge 32 et solidarisant le corps annulaire à la bague 20. The sealing element can for example be an annular rubber seal or else consist of a bead of glue placed in the groove 32 and securing the annular body to the ring 20.
On va maintenant décrire plus en détails le procédé de montage d’un sous-ensemble 6 tel qui vient d’être décrit, notamment en référence à la figure 5. We will now describe in more detail the method of mounting a sub-assembly 6 as just described, in particular with reference to Figure 5.
Le procédé de montage d’un sous-ensemble 6 d’une machine électrique tournante met en œuvre un poste de magnéto-sertissage 34 comprenant au moins un organe bobiné 36 configuré pour être traversé par un courant et générer en conséquence un champ magnétique. Plus particulièrement, l’organe bobiné 36 est relié à un fournisseur 38 d’énergie électrique apte à fournir à l’organe bobiné 36 un courant électrique suffisant pour générer un champ électromagnétique. La bague 20 et le corps de stator 12 sont disposés au centre de l’organe bobiné 36, avec la bague entourant le corps de stator, et le champ électromagnétique généré par l’organe bobiné est apte à repousser la bague à distance de l’organe bobiné pour la plaquer contre le corps de stator. The method of mounting a sub-assembly 6 of a rotating electrical machine implements a magneto-crimping station 34 comprising at least one coiled member 36 configured to be traversed by a current and consequently generate a magnetic field. More particularly, the coiled member 36 is connected to an electric power supplier 38 capable of supplying the coiled member 36 with an electric current sufficient to generate an electromagnetic field. The ring 20 and the stator body 12 are arranged in the center of the coiled member 36, with the ring surrounding the stator body, and the electromagnetic field generated by the coiled member is capable of pushing the ring away from the wound member to press it against the stator body.
Tel qu’illustré, le poste de magnéto-sertissage 34 peut comprendre un accumulateur d’énergie électrique 40 interposé entre le fournisseur 38 d’énergie électrique et l’organe bobiné 36. Dans cette configuration, l’accumulateur d’énergie électrique 40 est alimenté en énergie électrique par le fournisseur 38 d’énergie électrique et stocke ladite énergie électrique. Une fois suffisamment d’énergie électrique stockée, un interrupteur 41 est piloté pour que l’énergie électrique accumulée soit déchargée par l’accumulateur d’énergie électrique 40 en direction de l’organe bobiné 36. As illustrated, the magneto-crimping station 34 may comprise an electrical energy accumulator 40 interposed between the electrical energy supplier 38 and the coil member 36. In this configuration, the electrical energy accumulator 40 is supplied with electrical energy by the supplier 38 of electrical energy and stores said electrical energy. Once enough electrical energy has been stored, a switch 41 is activated so that the accumulated electrical energy is discharged by the electrical energy accumulator 40 in the direction of the coiled member 36.
Selon l’invention, le procédé de montage du sous-ensemble 6 comporte au moins une étape de pré-assemblage au cours de laquelle la bague 20 et le corps de stator 12 sont disposés à l’intérieur de l’organe bobiné. Plus particulièrement, la bague 20 est positionnée autour du corps de stator 12, avec la face interne 22 de la bague 20 qui est en regard de la surface externe 14 du corps de stator 12 et la face externe 24 de la bague 20 qui est en regard de l’organe bobiné 36. According to the invention, the method for assembling the sub-assembly 6 includes at least one pre-assembly step during which the ring 20 and the stator body 12 are placed inside the coiled member. More particularly, the ring 20 is positioned around the stator body 12, with the internal face 22 of the ring 20 which faces the surface outer face 14 of the stator body 12 and the outer face 24 of the ring 20 which faces the coiled member 36.
Par ailleurs, la bague et le corps de stator sont positionnés de telle sorte que la portion de contact 28 est en regard du corps de stator 12 et de telle sorte que les portions d’extrémité 30 dépassent axialement de part et d’autre de ce corps de stator. Furthermore, the ring and the stator body are positioned such that the contact portion 28 faces the stator body 12 and such that the end portions 30 project axially on either side of this stator body.
Le poste de magnéto-sertissage peut notamment comporter des moyens de positionnement qui permettent d’assurer dans cette étape de pré-assemblage une position coaxiale de la bague et du corps de stator l’un par rapport à l’autre et une position coaxiale de cet ensemble par rapport à l’organe bobiné. Ces moyens de positionnement peuvent également être configurés pour permettre d’assurer que les portions d’extrémité 30 de la bague sont correctement décalées axialement par rapport au corps de stator 12. The magneto-crimping station may in particular comprise positioning means which make it possible to ensure, in this pre-assembly step, a coaxial position of the ring and of the stator body with respect to each other and a coaxial position of this assembly with respect to the wound member. These positioning means can also be configured to make it possible to ensure that the end portions 30 of the ring are correctly offset axially with respect to the stator body 12.
Les moyens de positionnement sont également configurés pour positionner le corps de stator de manière centrée, en considérant la direction longitudinale, par rapport à l’organe bobiné. Il peut en effet être intéressant que tel qu’illustré schématiquement sur la figure 5, l’organe bobiné présente une dimension longitudinale DL équivalente à celle du corps de stator, et que le corps de stator soit centré axialement par rapport à l’organe bobiné de sorte que les portions d’extrémité 30 de la bague dépassent axialement de l’organe bobiné. De la sorte, on évite une déformation à froid des portions d’extrémité 30 qui conservent une forme cylindrique droite en suivant le mouvement de rapprochement de la portion de contact 28 de la bague en direction du corps de stator, ce qui permet d’éviter une déformation de la forme d’origine des gorges, qui peuvent être obtenues par tout moyen de déformation de matière, par roulage par exemple. The positioning means are also configured to position the stator body in a centered manner, considering the longitudinal direction, with respect to the wound member. It may in fact be interesting that, as illustrated schematically in FIG. 5, the coiled member has a longitudinal dimension DL equivalent to that of the stator body, and that the stator body is centered axially with respect to the coiled member so that the end portions 30 of the ring protrude axially from the coiled member. In this way, cold deformation of the end portions 30 is avoided, which retain a straight cylindrical shape by following the approaching movement of the contact portion 28 of the ring in the direction of the stator body, which makes it possible to avoid a deformation of the original shape of the grooves, which can be obtained by any material deformation means, by rolling for example.
Le procédé comporte également une étape d’alimentation électrique de l’organe bobiné 36, le cas échéant par une alimentation préliminaire de l’accumulateur d’énergie électrique 40. L’organe bobiné 36 reçoit le courant une fois l’ensemble formé par la bague et le corps de stator logé à l’intérieur de l’organe bobiné. The method also includes a step of power supplying the coiled member 36, if necessary by a preliminary power supply of the electrical energy accumulator 40. The coiled member 36 receives the current once the assembly formed by the ring and the stator body housed inside the wound member.
Le procédé comporte alors une étape de magnéto-sertissage de la bague 20 sur le corps de stator 12 par déformation 26 à froid de la bague 20 projetée contre le stator 2 sous l’effet d’un champ magnétique induit par l’étape d’alimentation électrique de l’organe bobiné 36.The method then comprises a step of magneto-crimping the ring 20 on the stator body 12 by cold deformation 26 of the ring 20 projected against the stator 2 under the effect of a magnetic field induced by the step of power supply to the coiled member 36.
On comprend que l’étape de pré-assemblage permet de positionner le corps de stator 12 et la bague 20 l’un par rapport à l’autre en prévision de l’étape de magnéto-sertissage. Plus particulièrement, la bague 20 est positionnée de manière régulière autour du corps de stator 12 et à l’intérieur de l’organe bobiné 36 du poste de magnéto-sertissage 34 de sorte qu’une émission d’un champ électromagnétique par l’organe bobiné 36 puisse projeter la bague 20 de manière homogène, c’est-à-dire avec une force de poussée régulière sur tout le pourtour de la bague, contre la surface externe 14 du corps de stator 12. It is understood that the pre-assembly step makes it possible to position the stator body 12 and the ring 20 relative to each other in anticipation of the magneto-crimping step. More particularly, the ring 20 is positioned in a regular manner around the stator body 12 and inside the coiled member 36 of the magneto-crimping station 34 so that an emission of an electromagnetic field by the coiled member 36 can project the ring 20 in a homogeneous manner, i.e. i.e. with a regular thrust force all around the ring, against the outer surface 14 of the stator body 12.
Il convient de noter que le sous-ensemble 6 positionné dans l’organe bobiné comprend ici uniquement le corps de stator 12 et la bague 20, mais que cette représentation n’est pas limitative de l’invention, le bobinage pouvant être présent dans les encoches formées dans le corps de stator au moment de l’opération de magnéto-sertissage. It should be noted that the sub-assembly 6 positioned in the coiled member here comprises only the stator body 12 and the ring 20, but that this representation does not limit the invention, the coil possibly being present in the notches formed in the stator body during the magneto-crimping operation.
L’étape d’alimentation électrique de l’organe bobiné 36, conformément au dispositif illustré sur la figure 5, comporte une phase d’accumulation d’énergie par l’accumulateur d’énergie électrique 40 puis une phase de décharge de l’énergie accumulée par l’accumulateur d’énergie électrique 40 en direction de l’organe bobiné 36. Durant la phase d’accumulation, l’accumulateur d’énergie électrique 40 reçoit de l’énergie électrique directement depuis le fournisseur 38 d’énergie électrique, et après avoir stocké suffisamment d’énergie électrique pour que l’organe bobiné puisse produire un champ électromagnétique suffisant pour projeter la bague 20 contre le corps de stator 12, un interrupteur 41 est piloté pour que l’accumulateur d’énergie électrique 40 décharge l’énergie électrique stockée en direction de l’organe bobiné 36 durant la phase de décharge. The electrical supply step of the coiled member 36, in accordance with the device illustrated in FIG. 5, comprises an energy accumulation phase by the electrical energy accumulator 40 then an energy discharge phase. accumulated by the electrical energy accumulator 40 in the direction of the coiled member 36. During the accumulation phase, the electrical energy accumulator 40 receives electrical energy directly from the supplier 38 of electrical energy, and after having stored enough electrical energy so that the wound member can produce an electromagnetic field sufficient to project the ring 20 against the stator body 12, a switch 41 is controlled so that the electrical energy accumulator 40 discharges the electrical energy stored in the direction of the coiled member 36 during the discharge phase.
Au cours de l’étape d’alimentation électrique, une caractéristique du courant électrique fourni au bobinage 8 présente une valeur supérieure à une valeur seuil en deçà de laquelle le champ magnétique induit dans l’étape de magnéto-sertissage n’est pas apte à projeter à froid la bague 20 contre le corps de stator 12. A titre d’exemple non limitatif, la caractéristique du courant électrique contrôlée pour générer un champ électromagnétique approprié est une valeur de tension du courant et l’interrupteur 41 est fermé pour laisser passage au courant électrique de l’accumulateur 40 vers l’organe bobiné 36 lorsque la valeur de tension de courant mesurée aux bornes de l’interrupteur est supérieure à une valeur seuil de tension. Cette valeur seuil de tension peut par exemple être de l’ordre de 7kV, pour générer une énergie utilisée pour le sertissage de l’ordre de 4 à 5 kj. During the electrical supply step, a characteristic of the electrical current supplied to the winding 8 has a value greater than a threshold value below which the magnetic field induced in the magneto-crimping step is not capable of projecting the ring 20 cold against the stator body 12. By way of nonlimiting example, the characteristic of the electric current controlled to generate an appropriate electromagnetic field is a voltage value of the current and the switch 41 is closed to allow passage to the electric current from the accumulator 40 to the coiled member 36 when the current voltage value measured at the terminals of the switch is greater than a voltage threshold value. This voltage threshold value can for example be of the order of 7 kV, to generate an energy used for crimping of the order of 4 to 5 kj.
Le basculement de cet interrupteur 41 pour laisser passage au courant démarre l’étape de magnéto-sertissage du procédé, au cours de laquelle l’organe bobiné 36 génère un champ électromagnétique suffisamment important pour projeter la bague 20 en répulsion de l’organe bobiné 36, contre la surface externe 14 du corps de stator 12. Plus précisément, grâce à la force produite par le champ électromagnétique générée par l’organe bobiné 36, la bague 20 est projetée à l’opposé de l’organe bobiné 36, c’est-à-dire vers le corps de stator 12, de manière simultanée et homogène sur tout le pourtour du corps de stator. En étant projeté ainsi par le champ électromagnétique, la bague 20 épouse la forme externe du corps de stator 12 et est avantageusement rendue solidaire du corps de stator 12 en étant déformée à froid. Le fait que la bague 20 épouse la forme externe du corps de stator 12 n’exclut pas une absence de contact local entre la bague 20 et la forme externe du stator 12. Par exemple une telle absence de contact local peut être observé entre la bague 20 et des parties anguleuses de la rainure axiale 18 comme on le voit sur la figure 3. Tilting this switch 41 to let the current flow starts the magneto-crimping step of the process, during which the coiled member 36 generates an electromagnetic field large enough to project the ring 20 in repulsion of the coiled member 36 , against the outer surface 14 of the stator body 12. More specifically, thanks to the force produced by the electromagnetic field generated by the coil member 36, the ring 20 is projected away from the coiled member 36, that is to say towards the stator body 12, simultaneously and evenly over the entire circumference of the stator body. By being projected in this way by the electromagnetic field, the ring 20 matches the external shape of the stator body 12 and is advantageously secured to the stator body 12 by being cold deformed. The fact that the ring 20 matches the external shape of the stator body 12 does not exclude an absence of local contact between the ring 20 and the external shape of the stator 12. For example, such an absence of local contact can be observed between the ring 20 and angular portions of the axial groove 18 as seen in Figure 3.
L’étape de magnéto-sertissage est alors terminée et elle peut avantageusement immédiatement être suivi par d’autres étapes de montage de la machine électrique tournante, par exemple une étape de bobinage ou une étape d’assemblage d’un conduit de refroidissement autour du stator 2. Le fait d’avoir une déformation à froid de la bague permet de se dispenser de la période de régulation de température nécessaire lorsque la bague est, conformément à l’art antérieur, frettée sur le corps de stator. The magneto-crimping step is then complete and it can advantageously be immediately followed by other steps of mounting the rotating electrical machine, for example a step of winding or a step of assembling a cooling duct around the stator 2. The fact of having a cold deformation of the ring makes it possible to dispense with the period of temperature regulation necessary when the ring is, in accordance with the prior art, shrunk onto the stator body.
Lors de l’étape d’assemblage d’un conduit de refroidissement, un élément d’étanchéité est positionné sur la bague 20 pour participer à délimiter le conduit qui est formé au moins en partie par la bague 20, ladite étape d’assemblage étant réalisée après l’étape de magnéto- sertissage. Une fois la bague 20 sertie sur le corps de stator 12, l’élément d’étanchéité est positionné au niveau de la gorge 32 disposée sur l’une ou l’autre des portions d’extrémité 30 de la bague 20 et il convient de noter que les gorges 32 ne sont pas déformées lors de l’étape de magnéto-sertissage, cette étape de déformation à froid étant ciblée sur le corps de stator du fait du dimensionnement de l’organe bobiné 36 à l’intérieur duquel est positionné le corps de stator. During the step of assembling a cooling duct, a sealing element is positioned on the ring 20 to participate in delimiting the duct which is formed at least in part by the ring 20, said assembly step being carried out after the magneto-crimping step. Once the ring 20 has been crimped on the stator body 12, the sealing element is positioned at the level of the groove 32 disposed on one or the other of the end portions 30 of the ring 20 and it is necessary to note that the grooves 32 are not deformed during the magneto-crimping step, this cold deformation step being targeted on the stator body due to the dimensioning of the coiled member 36 inside which is positioned the stator body.
Tel qu’elle vient d’être décrite, l’invention permet d’atteindre le but qu’elle s’était fixé, à savoir permettre le montage d’un sous-ensemble de machine électrique tournante comprenant une étape de plaquage d’une bague sur un corps de stator mettant en œuvre des moyens de déformation à froid ciblés sur une portion de cette bague entourant le corps de stator, l’utilisation de moyens de déformation à froid tels que définis ci-dessus, à savoir des moyens de magnéto-sertissage, permettant l’enchaînement rapide d’autres opérations de montage sans besoin d’un temps de refroidissement pénalisant pour la productivité du montage et permettant par ailleurs une solidarisation efficace et homogène sur tout le pourtour du corps de stator. La présente invention ne saurait toutefois se limiter aux moyens et configurations décrits et illustrés ici et elle s’étend également à tout moyen et configuration équivalents ainsi qu’à toute combinaison techniquement opérante de tels moyens. As it has just been described, the invention makes it possible to achieve the goal it had set itself, namely to allow the assembly of a rotating electrical machine subassembly comprising a step of plating a ring on a stator body implementing cold deformation means targeted on a portion of this ring surrounding the stator body, the use of cold deformation means as defined above, namely magneto means - crimping, allowing the rapid sequence of other assembly operations without the need for a cooling time penalizing the productivity of the assembly and also allowing effective and homogeneous fastening all around the stator body. The present invention cannot however be limited to the means and configurations described and illustrated here and it also extends to any equivalent means and configuration as well as to any technically effective combination of such means.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Procédé de montage d’un sous-ensemble (6) d’une machine électrique tournante ayant un axe de rotation (A) mettant en œuvre un poste de magnéto-sertissage (34) comprenant au moins un organe bobiné (36) configuré pour être traversé par un courant et générer en conséquence un champ magnétique, le sous-ensemble (6) de la machine électrique tournante comprenant au moins un stator (2) et une bague (20) entourant un corps (12) dudit stator (2), caractérisé en ce que le procédé de montage du sous-ensemble (6) de la machine électrique tournante comporte : une étape de pré-assemblage durant laquelle la bague (20) est positionnée autour du corps de stator (12) du sous-ensemble (6) de la machine électrique tournante, l’ensemble formé par la bague (20) et le corps de stator (12) étant logé à l’intérieur de l’organe bobiné (36) du poste de magnéto-sertissage (34) ; une étape d’alimentation électrique de l’organe bobiné (36) ; une étape de magnéto-sertissage de la bague (20) sur le corps de stator (12) par déformation à froid de la bague (20) projetée contre le stator (2) sous l’effet d’un champ magnétique induit par l’étape d’alimentation électrique de l’organe bobiné1. Method for mounting a sub-assembly (6) of a rotating electrical machine having an axis of rotation (A) implementing a magneto-crimping station (34) comprising at least one coiled member (36) configured to be traversed by a current and consequently generate a magnetic field, the subassembly (6) of the rotating electric machine comprising at least one stator (2) and a ring (20) surrounding a body (12) of said stator (2 ), characterized in that the method for assembling the sub-assembly (6) of the rotating electrical machine comprises: a pre-assembly step during which the ring (20) is positioned around the stator body (12) of the sub- assembly (6) of the rotating electric machine, the assembly formed by the ring (20) and the stator body (12) being housed inside the coiled member (36) of the magneto-crimping station (34 ); a step of power supplying the coiled member (36); a magneto-crimping step of the ring (20) on the stator body (12) by cold deformation of the ring (20) projected against the stator (2) under the effect of a magnetic field induced by the power supply step of the wound member
(36). (36).
2. Procédé de montage selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel l’étape d’alimentation électrique de l’organe bobiné (36) comporte une phase d’accumulation d’énergie par un accumulateur d’énergie électrique (40) associé à l’organe bobiné (36) puis une phase de décharge de l’énergie accumulée en direction de l’organe bobiné (36). 2. Assembly method according to the preceding claim, in which the step of supplying electricity to the coiled member (36) comprises an energy accumulation phase by an electric energy accumulator (40) associated with the coiled member (36) then a phase of discharging the energy accumulated in the direction of the coiled member (36).
3. Procédé de montage selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant une étape d’assemblage d’un conduit de refroidissement autour du stator (2), au cours de laquelle au moins un élément d’étanchéité est positionné sur la bague (20) pour participer à délimiter le conduit qui est formé au moins en partie par la bague (20), ladite étape d’assemblage étant réalisée après l’étape de magnéto-sertissage. 3. Assembly method according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a step of assembling a cooling duct around the stator (2), during which at least one sealing element is positioned on the ring ( 20) to participate in delimiting the conduit which is formed at least in part by the ring (20), said assembly step being carried out after the magneto-crimping step.
4. Sous-ensemble (6) d’une machine électrique tournante obtenu par un procédé selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le corps de stator (12) comporte au moins une surface externe (14) s’inscrivant dans un cylindre, la bague (20) étant configurée pour être plaquée au moins partiellement contre la surface externe (14) du corps de stator (12), la bague (20) présentant une face interne (22) en contact avec le corps de stator (12) et une face externe (24) configurée pour être orientée vers l’extérieur du sous- ensemble (6) de la machine électrique tournante. 4. Subassembly (6) of a rotating electrical machine obtained by a method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the stator body (12) comprises at least one outer surface (14) inscribed in a cylinder, the ring (20) being configured to be pressed at least partially against the outer surface (14) of the stator body (12), the ring (20) having an inner face (22) in contact with the stator body ( 12) and an outer face (24) configured to face outward from the sub-assembly (6) of the rotary electrical machine.
5. Sous-ensemble (6) selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel le corps de stator (12) comprend un empilement de strates successives et présente au moins une rainure axiale (18) au niveau de sa surface externe (14), la rainure axiale (18) s’étendant le long d’une direction parallèle à l’axe de rotation (A) pour permettre une indexation angulaire des strates successives, et caractérisé en ce que la bague (20) présente une déformation (26) au droit de ladite rainure axiale (18) du stator (2) . 5. Sub-assembly (6) according to the preceding claim, wherein the stator body (12) comprises a stack of successive strata and has at least one axial groove (18) at its outer surface (14), the groove axial (18) extending along a direction parallel to the axis of rotation (A) to allow angular indexing of the successive strata, and characterized in that the ring (20) has a deformation (26) at right of said axial groove (18) of the stator (2).
6. Sous-ensemble (6) selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel une épaisseur mesurée entre la face externe (24) et la face interne (22) de la bague (20) le long d’une direction radiale perpendiculaire à l’axe de rotation (A) est constante sur tout le pourtour de la bague (20), et dans lequel la face externe (24) de la bague (20) présente un relief en creux au droit de la rainure axiale (18) du stator (2). 6. Sub-assembly (6) according to the preceding claim, in which a thickness measured between the external face (24) and the internal face (22) of the ring (20) along a radial direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation (A) is constant over the entire circumference of the ring (20), and in which the outer face (24) of the ring (20) has a recessed relief in line with the axial groove (18) of the stator ( 2).
7. Sous-ensemble (6) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 4 à 6, dans lequel la bague (20) comprend une portion de contact (28), au niveau de laquelle la face interne (22) de la bague (20) est en contact de la surface externe (14) du corps de stator (12), et au moins une portion d’extrémité (30) prolongeant axialement la portion de contact (28), et dans lequel la dimension axiale de la portion de contact (28) de la bague (20) est égale à la dimension axiale du corps de stator (12). 7. Subassembly (6) according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the ring (20) comprises a contact portion (28), at which the inner face (22) of the ring (20 ) is in contact with the outer surface (14) of the stator body (12), and at least one end portion (30) axially extending the contact portion (28), and in which the axial dimension of the contact (28) of the ring (20) is equal to the axial dimension of the stator body (12).
8. Sous-ensemble (6) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 4 à 7, dans lequel la face externe (24) de la bague (20) participe à délimiter un conduit de refroidissement du corps de stator (12) destiné à être traversé par un fluide de refroidissement. 8. Subassembly (6) according to any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein the outer face (24) of the ring (20) helps to delimit a cooling duct of the stator body (12) intended to be traversed by a cooling fluid.
9. Sous-ensemble (6) selon la revendication précédente, comprenant un corps annulaire entourant la bague (20) à distance de cette dernière de manière à délimiter le conduit de refroidissement entre la bague (20) et le corps annulaire. 9. Subassembly (6) according to the preceding claim, comprising an annular body surrounding the ring (20) at a distance from the latter so as to delimit the cooling duct between the ring (20) and the annular body.
10. Sous-ensemble (6) selon l’une des revendications 8 ou 9, en combinaison avec la revendication 8, dans lequel la bague (20) comprend au moins une gorge (32) s’étendant annulairement sur le pourtour de la bague (20), la gorge (32) étant disposée au niveau d’une portion d’extrémité (30) de la bague (20) et configurée pour recevoir un élément d’étanchéité du conduit de refroidissement. 10. Subassembly (6) according to one of claims 8 or 9, in combination with claim 8, wherein the ring (20) comprises at least one groove (32) extending annularly around the periphery of the ring (20), the groove (32) being disposed at an end portion (30) of the ring (20) and configured to receive a cooling duct sealing element.
11. Machine électrique tournante comprenant un stator (2) et un rotor destiné à être entraîné en rotation dans le stator (2) autour d’un axe de rotation (A), la machine électrique tournante comprenant un sous-ensemble (6) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 4 à 10 et un bobinage (8) apte à générer un champ électromagnétique pour entraîner en rotation le rotor autour de l’axe de rotation (A) . 11. Rotary electric machine comprising a stator (2) and a rotor intended to be driven in rotation in the stator (2) about an axis of rotation (A), the rotary electric machine comprising a sub-assembly (6) according to any one of claims 4 to 10 and a coil (8) capable of generating an electromagnetic field to drive the rotor in rotation about the axis of rotation (A).
PCT/EP2022/062644 2021-06-08 2022-05-10 Sub-assembly of a rotary electric machine and method for forming such a sub-assembly WO2022258283A1 (en)

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FR2106026A FR3123769A1 (en) 2021-06-08 2021-06-08 Sub-assembly of a rotating electrical machine and method of mounting such a sub-assembly

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3431625A (en) * 1965-02-20 1969-03-11 Siemens Ag Method for the precise assembly of apparatus
DE3041344A1 (en) * 1979-11-01 1981-05-14 Aktiebolaget Electrolux, 10545 Stockholm ELECTRIC MOTOR AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF
WO2009098265A1 (en) * 2008-02-05 2009-08-13 Brose Fahrzeugteile Gmbh & Co. Kommanditgesellschaft, Wuerzburg Method for attachment of an end bearing to a stator laminated core, as well as a stator for an electric motor drive
US20200303983A1 (en) * 2019-03-22 2020-09-24 Fanuc Corporation Stator and rotating electrical machine

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3431625A (en) * 1965-02-20 1969-03-11 Siemens Ag Method for the precise assembly of apparatus
DE3041344A1 (en) * 1979-11-01 1981-05-14 Aktiebolaget Electrolux, 10545 Stockholm ELECTRIC MOTOR AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF
WO2009098265A1 (en) * 2008-02-05 2009-08-13 Brose Fahrzeugteile Gmbh & Co. Kommanditgesellschaft, Wuerzburg Method for attachment of an end bearing to a stator laminated core, as well as a stator for an electric motor drive
US20200303983A1 (en) * 2019-03-22 2020-09-24 Fanuc Corporation Stator and rotating electrical machine

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