WO2022257442A1

WO2022257442A1 - Energy storage and power generation apparatus for novel source power system having high proportion of new energy sources

Info

Publication number: WO2022257442A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/000080
Authority: WO
Inventors: 张培榕
Original assignee: 张培榕
Priority date: 2021-06-10
Filing date: 2022-05-05
Publication date: 2022-12-15
Also published as: CN113824140A

Abstract

Provided is an energy storage and power generation apparatus for a novel power system having a high proportion of new energy sources, which overcomes the limitations of existing energy storage technologies and turns uncontrollable energy sources such as wind power and photovoltaic power into controllable energy sources. Provided is a rotating wheel potential energy storage power station which: uses high energy density particles as working medium carriers, generates power by decreasing potential energy, stores energy by consuming power, recycling the working medium and increasing potential energy, has a large moment of inertia, has sufficient reactive storage and operates with constant-rate load characteristics; comprises a rotating wheel device (111), an upper-level repository and a lower-level repository (108, 114) which store the working medium, an energy storage and material flow system which consumes power and conveys and recycles the working medium, a constant-rate working medium flow control device (109), a generator (105), and a substation (117); and is serially matched with a wind or photovoltaic power station (1304) by means of motors (903) to form a wind-photovoltaic rotating wheel potential energy storage power station of an independent power station. Thus, the wind or photovoltaic power station (1304) is turned into a novel power supply side which has no limitation in respect of the proportion of power from any single energy source, adapts power generation capacity to a varying load, is green and safe, and operates efficiently.

Description

An energy storage power generation device for a new source power system with a high proportion of new energy

Technical Field This application relates to the field of power systems, especially to an energy storage power generation device for new power systems with a high proportion of new energy

Background technique

Guo Jianbo, an expert in power system analysis and control in China, gave a report entitled "Challenges and Key Technologies of High-Proportion New Energy Power System" on September 2, 2020, analyzing the challenges faced by the power system. The random fluctuation characteristics of new energy resources bring about the following challenges: (1) large intraday power fluctuations, conventional power supply regulation capabilities are difficult to cope with new energy power fluctuations; (2) high output lasts for a long time, and the demand for long-term energy storage with large capacity is large , the output is extremely low in some periods of time, and it needs to achieve power balance with other power sources; (3) Intermittent is strong, and the annual/monthly power uncertainty is large, which affects system planning; (4) The peak output power is large and the power is small, and the full consumption (5) The absolute error of day-ahead power prediction is large, making it difficult to make power generation plans. The safety challenges brought by new energy are as follows: (1) The inertia of the system is reduced, the frequency regulation capability is reduced, and the risk of frequency violation increases; (2) The participation of new energy in primary frequency regulation can reduce the steady-state frequency deviation and the transient maximum frequency deviation, but it does not improve System inertia and frequency changes have not been improved, and the risk of low inertia system overrun still exists. By adopting virtual inertia control, new energy can provide a certain inertia support, but due to poor controllability of one-time energy input, it may lead to secondary drop in frequency, etc. Secondary accidents; (3) Insufficient reactive power support and prominent voltage stability problems; (4) Serious transient overvoltage in areas with a high proportion of new energy; (5) Complex power angle stability and increased uncertainty; (6) Broadband Oscillation phenomenon appears; (7) The capacity of the single unit is small, the quantity is large, and the regulation and operation are complicated; (8) Some countries restrict the proportion of new energy power generation.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to change uncontrollable wind power and photovoltaic new energy into controllable energy according to the report of "Challenges and Key Technologies of High-Proportion New Energy Power System".

The power supply side of the new power system with a high proportion of new energy mainly includes wind power, photovoltaic power stations, thermal power stations, hydropower stations and nuclear power stations, and the energy storage power generation devices on the energy storage side mainly include pumped storage power stations, compressed air energy storage power Hydrogen energy storage power generation device, flywheel energy storage power generation device, gravity energy storage power generation device, battery. In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems to be solved, the present invention is based on the first principle of the new power system with a high proportion of new energy: the functional principle of the law of energy conservation, the theory of instantaneous balance of power and electricity of "source follows the load", wind power and photovoltaic Natural characteristics, technical characteristics of wind power and photovoltaic power plants, assuming that the working fluid carrier has "no pollution, good fluidity, high energy density, no carbon emissions, no damage to the ecological environment, no risk to human beings, and can be reused" Inexhaustible characteristics", after the deduction of "adapting to nature", the existing energy storage technology solutions are eliminated one by one, and the perfect energy storage technology solution is proposed, which is a kind of granular objects with non-polluting high energy density as the work Mass carrier, by consuming electric energy and other energy to increase the potential energy of the working medium to store energy, to reduce the kinetic energy and potential energy of the working medium to generate electricity, large moment of inertia, "runner potential energy storage and power generation" operating according to the characteristics of constant speed load Station", and by including motors, it is matched in series with wind power and photovoltaic power stations to form an independent power station "wind-solar runner potential energy storage power station".

The above-mentioned "rotary potential energy storage power station" includes a rotary potential energy storage generator and a matching substation. "Wheel potential energy storage generator" is a kind of electric power generation equipment with output voltage type power supply with large moment of inertia, mainly including a turning wheel potential energy storage engine and a generator at the output end; A fixed-speed governor is installed on the top, which is used to control the constant-speed working medium flow control device and the loading and starting device, so as to ensure that the runner potential energy storage generator operates according to the constant-speed load characteristics, easy to start and has good acceleration performance; the generator mainly includes AC synchronous generators dominated by traditional power systems, AC generators or DC generators with special requirements. "Runner potential energy storage engine" mainly includes a runner potential energy engine, a working medium that absorbs electric energy or other energy and recovers work, and increases the potential energy of the working medium, and "energy storage" working medium is transported, recovered and stored Energy logistics system; working fluid transportation and recovery energy storage logistics system, mainly including working medium upper warehouse, upper working medium conveying device, working medium lower warehouse, working medium recovery channel, working medium recovery device, substation; large enough storage capacity The working fluid upper warehouse is used to store the upper working fluid to meet the needs of sufficient reactive power reserves and strong support capabilities; the working medium lower warehouse with a large enough storage capacity is used to store the lower working fluid that is unloaded at the bottom dead center of the bucket device to meet the requirements of To meet the needs of energy storage. "Runner potential energy engine" is an engine that uses non-polluting artificial pellets, natural sand, gravel, and soil with high energy density as the working medium, and has no emissions and no environmental pollution; the working medium is The kinetic energy and potential energy of the bucket device in the wheel device with a large moment of inertia are reduced to do work, and to drive the rotating shaft to rotate and output power. The runner potential energy power station mainly includes a runner potential energy engine equipped with a constant speed governor and controlled by it to operate according to the constant speed load characteristics and a runner potential energy engine with a loading and starting device. There are matching generators and substations installed outside the machine. A low-speed generator is directly installed on the shaft at the output end of the rotary potential energy storage engine through an elastic coupling, or a speed-increasing gearbox, a clutch, and a high-speed generator are installed through an elastic coupling, or at the free end of the shaft. Or the free end of the generator is equipped with a crank locking device that is convenient for installation, adjustment, maintenance and safety, or an oil supply device that provides lubricating oil to the internal movement mechanism of the runner, and supplies oil stations and electrical equipment inside the runner. A circuit device that supplies power. There are multiple runner devices in series on the shaft of the runner potential energy storage engine to form a single-shaft multi-rotor runner potential energy storage generator; multiple single-shaft multi-runner runner potential energy storage generators Parallel multi-axis and multi-rotor rotor potential energy storage generator sets, or multi-axis multi-rotor rotor potential energy storage generators in series; obtain reactive power reserve capacity support that matches wind power and photovoltaic power stations .

Predictable effect "Wind-wind turbine potential energy storage power station" inherits the theoretical system of the traditional power system "power generation tracking load to achieve instantaneous balance of power and electricity"; the electronic current-type power supply composed of wind power and photovoltaic power stations is essentially The power electronic equipment without moment of inertia can be adaptively converted into the power voltage type power supply of the potential energy storage power station of the wheel, and the power generation equipment with continuous moment of inertia capacity support during operation; the uncontrollable wind power, photovoltaic new Transform energy into controllable energy; transform wind power and photovoltaic power stations into a "new power supply side" where the proportion of new energy is not limited; The power capacity support, and the capacity support of the working fluid carrier required for energy storage and power generation for 8,760 hours per year; the energy storage side, which is the fourth major element of the "closed loop" in the composition of the new power system with a high proportion of new energy sources; The micro or small wind turbine potential energy storage power station can form an independent power grid, or connect to the "distribution network" to supply power to the local area. UHV, or ultra-UHV power grid" provides centralized power supply to large towns or cross-regions, forming a power structure model that combines "distributed power self-balancing and centralized surplus adjustment to ensure a high proportion of new energy and new power." The system has reliable power supply, safety and stability, green and carbon-free, and economical operation.

Custom Technical Terms

"Running wheel potential energy engine": an engine that uses granular objects as the working medium, reduces the kinetic energy and potential energy of the working medium in the running wheel device with a large moment of inertia to perform work, and drives the rotating shaft to rotate to output power. The wheel position can be the engine". "Running wheel potential energy storage engine": Equipped with a working medium transport recovery energy storage logistics system, which can absorb electric energy or other energy recovery and do work, and increase the potential energy of the working medium and "energy storage" transfer The wheel position energy engine is referred to as "the wheel position energy storage engine". "Wheel potential energy storage generator": a matching generator is installed at the output end of the turning wheel potential energy storage engine, and a fixed generator set according to the specified speed range of the generator is installed in the turning wheel potential energy storage engine. The constant-speed working medium flow control device controlled by the constant-speed governor that operates according to the characteristics of the high-speed load is called a "runner potential energy storage generator". "Runner potential energy power station": a substation matching the power grid and the runner potential energy generator is installed outside the runner potential energy generator, which is called "runner potential energy power station". "Runner potential energy storage power station": a substation matching the power grid and the runner potential energy storage generator is installed outside the runner potential energy storage generator, which is called "runner potential energy storage power station". ". "Wind and wind rotor potential energy storage power station": the rotor potential energy storage power station, through the motor including the free end, is matched in series with wind power and photovoltaic power stations to form an independent power station, collectively referred to as "window and wind rotor potential energy storage power generation stand".

Description of drawings

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall layout of the potential energy storage power station of the runner. Fig. 2 is a left side view of Fig. 1 . Figure 3 is a structural sketch of the hanging bucket device. Figure 4 is a structural sketch of the buffer mechanism. Fig. 5 is a structural sketch of the convex arc member of the grab bucket. Figure 6 is a sketch of the rotating sphere structure. Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the stable operation of the hanging bucket device. Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the variation of the output torque of the rotary potential energy engine. Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a single-shaft multi-rotor runner potential energy storage generator. Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a planar parallel multi-axis multi-rotor runner potential energy storage generator set. Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a runner potential energy storage generator set with multiple shafts and multiple runners connected in series up and down. Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the balance position of the mass center of gravity of the hanging bucket device. Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the composition and working principle of the series combination of local wind power, photovoltaic power plants and runner potential energy storage power plants. Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the composition and working principle of the parallel combination of a thermal power station and a runner potential energy storage station. Figure 15 is a structural sketch of the damping bucket stabilizer. Fig. 16 is a structural sketch of the crank-connecting-rod-piston hanging bucket stabilizer. Figure 17 is a structural sketch of the oil supply device. Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of the grid connection operation of a photovoltaic power station and a runner potential energy storage power station in series matching combination. Fig. 19 is a schematic diagram of the grid-connected operation of the wind power station and the runner potential energy storage station in series matching combination. Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of wind power peak load. Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of the grid-connected combination of a wind-solar hybrid power station and a runner potential energy storage power station in series matching combination. Fig. 22 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the circuit device. Fig. 23 is a schematic diagram of the movement trajectory of the connecting rod in the connecting rod mechanical structure. Figure 24 is a sketch of the mechanical structure of connecting rods. Fig. 25 is a right side view of Fig. 24 . Fig. 26 is a schematic structure and working principle diagram of the fixed bucket device.

Specific embodiments of the invention

The power supply side of wind power and photovoltaic new energy new power systems mainly includes centralized and distributed wind power, photovoltaic power stations, thermal power stations, hydropower stations and nuclear power stations, among which wind power and photovoltaic power stations account for more than 75% of the electricity, and thermal power stations The proportion is gradually reduced to 0% accordingly; the energy storage power generation devices on the energy storage side mainly include pumped storage power stations, compressed air energy storage power generation systems, electricity-to-hydrogen energy storage power generation devices, flywheel energy storage power generation devices, and gravity energy storage power generation devices device, battery. In order to break through the energy storage technology that hinders the large-scale development of new energy, and turn uncontrollable wind power and photovoltaic new energy into controllable energy, the present invention adopts the scientific theory of "the first principle and deduction of new power systems with a high proportion of new energy" to explore. More than 2,000 years ago, the ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle described the first principle in this way: "In every systematic exploration, there is a first principle, which is the most basic proposition or hypothesis, which cannot be omitted or deleted. cannot be violated." This "most basic proposition/or assumption" is the first principle! Euclid defined the most basic propositions or assumptions as axioms and postulates, based on which he deduced the Euclidean plane geometry system. The first principle emphasizes starting from the most basic axioms and/or cornerstone assumptions, and deductively deduces the entire theoretical system and model of the system "according to nature". Transformation into a formula is: first principles (that is, axioms, postulates and/or assumptions) + deductive reasoning "in line with nature" = thinking or scientific systems and models. In the new power system with a high proportion of wind power and photovoltaic new energy, the most basic proposition or assumption that "cannot be omitted or deleted, nor violated" is: (1) the high proportion of wind power and photovoltaic new energy in the power system Law of Conservation of Energy - Function Principle:

l=m·r ² (where k,

ΔE, l, m, r are coefficients of the power system, operating maximum instability coefficient, operating minimum instability coefficient, power fluctuation value, continuous moment of inertia, mass of rotating mass, vertical distance from mass to rotary axis); (2 ) The theoretical basis for the design of the power system is: power generation follows the load, and realizes power generation-transmission-power consumption at an instantaneous power balance close to the speed of light (3·10 ⁸ m/s); (3) The natural characteristics of wind power and photovoltaics: volatility, randomness (4) Technical characteristics of wind power and photovoltaic power plants: they are current-type power sources (except wind power) ); in essence, it is a power electronic device without moment of inertia; (5) Assumption: the working medium carrier has good fluidity, high energy density, no pollution, kinetic energy and potential energy are reduced to perform work and potential energy is increased to store energy , Inexhaustible, reusable, no emission, no environmental pollution, no damage to the ecological environment, and no risk to humans. After the deduction of "conforming to nature" (following the above-mentioned basic propositions and assumptions that exist objectively, and subjectively finding a new type of energy storage power generation device that can adapt to these propositions or assumptions), it is found that the existing technology of pumped storage power stations, compressed air Energy storage power generation system, electric hydrogen energy storage power generation device, flywheel energy storage power generation device, gravity energy storage power generation device, storage battery" are all incompatible with one or more of the first principles (1)~(5), and all Excluded; it is also found that the "rotary potential energy storage power station" found is compatible with the first principles (2)-(5), but not compatible with the functional principle of the first principle (1) the law of conservation of energy , because when the "runner potential energy storage power station" acts as the power consumption side and does not generate power during the peak-shaving energy storage phase, the power system is not supported by its moment of inertia H at this time, and the operation instability coefficient

It will inevitably increase, and the moment of inertia l is only provided when "filling the valley" for power generation. The intermittent moment of inertia will inevitably lead to power fluctuations, which means that the indispensable "rotor potential energy storage power station" for new energy and new power systems cannot be used as The energy storage side was removed from the main grid and set up where it should be; the first principle was discovered (3) the volatility, randomness, intermittency and abruptness of wind power and photovoltaics and (1) the functional principle of the law of energy conservation Incompatible, due to the natural characteristics of wind power and photovoltaics, the output power changes ΔE greatly, resulting in the instability of the entire power system, and wind power and photovoltaic power stations supply power during the peak-shaving energy storage period, but do not supply power during the valley-filling period, which means that wind power , Photovoltaic power plants need to "depend on". Therefore, the only way to solve this problem is: the rotor potential energy storage power station, through the motor including the free end, is matched in series with wind power and photovoltaic power stations to form an independent power station "window and wind rotor potential energy storage power station". The perfect technical solution. As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a runner potential energy storage power station using granular objects as a working medium mainly includes a runner potential energy storage generator and a matching substation 117. The runner potential energy storage generator mainly includes a runner potential energy storage engine and a matching generator 105; a constant speed working medium flow control device and a loading starting device 212 are installed on the runner potential energy storage engine to ensure The rotary potential energy storage generator is easy to start and has good acceleration performance, and operates according to the characteristics of constant speed load, which is beneficial to the stability and adjustment of voltage, frequency and power angle. The rotary potential energy storage engine mainly includes the rotary potential energy engine, the working medium that absorbs electric energy or other energy recovery and makes the working medium increase the potential energy of the working medium and "stores energy" and transports and recycles the energy storage logistics system. The runner potential energy engine is a kind of engine that uses granular objects as the working medium to perform work by reducing the kinetic energy and potential energy of the working fluid in the bucket device of the runner device 111 with a large moment of inertia, and drives the rotating shaft to rotate and output power. The bucket device of the runner device 111 is a reverse design with reference to the "pod" and "cockpit" of the sightseeing Ferris wheel and the "fixed water-lifting bamboo tube" on the ring of the ancient water pumping wheel. The bucket device mainly includes the hanging bucket device , Sitting bucket device and fixed bucket device. "The runner potential energy storage power station, through the motor 903 installed at the free end, is matched in series with the centralized and distributed wind power and photovoltaic power stations 1304 in various places to form an independent power station "window and wind runner potential energy storage power station"; The wheel-position energy storage power stations are connected in parallel with the thermal power stations 1402 in various places to connect to the grid, and respectively matched with the distribution stations of the power grid 118 in various places to form active distribution stations.

As shown in Figure 13, the runner potential energy storage power station, through the matching motor 903 at the free end, is matched in series with centralized and distributed wind power, photovoltaic power stations 1304, and substations 1305 in various places to form an independent power station "window and wind runner potential energy energy storage power station". At this time, the granular object is used as the working medium, and it has the "extra large" moment of inertia l including the motor, the large runner, and the generator, and has a constant-speed working medium regulating device that operates according to the characteristics of a constant-speed load, and also has working medium transportation, recovery and storage. The logistics system's "wind-solar runner potential energy storage power station" has fully adapted to the requirements and changes of the first principles (1), (2), (3), (4), and (5) of new energy and new power systems : Inherited the theoretical system of the traditional power system "power generation tracking load to achieve instantaneous balance of power and electricity"; the electronic current-type power supply composed of wind power and photovoltaic power stations, and the power electronic equipment with no moment of inertia in essence, respectively adaptable transformation into transformation The power voltage type power supply of the wheel position energy storage power station, and the electric power generation equipment with continuous moment of inertia capacity support during operation; transform uncontrollable wind power and photovoltaic new energy into controllable energy; transform wind power and photovoltaic power station into The "new power supply side" of "source follows the load" with an unlimited proportion of new energy; provide the power capacity support required by wind power and photovoltaic loads for the large-scale development of new energy, and about 6,760 to 7,310 hours of energy storage power generation every year The capacity support of the required working fluid carrier; the energy storage side, which is the fourth major element of the "closed loop" in the composition of new energy and new power systems, is cancelled; the distributed micro or small wind turbine potential energy storage power stations in various places can form an independent power grid , or go to the "distribution network" to supply power to the local area, and the centralized large-scale or super-large wind turbine potential energy storage power station on the "high-voltage, or ultra-high voltage, or ultra-ultra-high voltage power grid" is concentrated to large towns or across regions The power supply model constitutes a power structure model that combines distributed power self-balancing and centralized surplus adjustment to ensure reliable power supply, safety and stability, green and carbon-free, and economical operation of new energy and new power systems. "New power supply side" The specific operation process of the power grid is shown in Figures 18 to 21. As shown in Figure 14, the runner potential energy storage power station is connected in parallel with thermal power stations in various places to connect to the grid, absorbing the electric energy of the power grid or thermal power station 1402 and storing If necessary, during the daily trough period from about 23:00 to 7:00 the next day, the rotary potential energy storage power station assists the thermal power station to improve its economic operation and consume its electric energy to "fill the valley" with energy storage; during the daily peak The time period is about 7:00～1:00, 19:00～23:00. The runner potential energy storage power station continues to assist the thermal power station to improve the economic operation and jointly connect the power supply to the grid for "peak cutting"; the daily normal time period is about 11:00～ 19:00 The rotary potential energy storage power station absorbs the excess electric energy of the grid 118 and stores energy.

It can be seen from the above that the new energy new power system with "rotor potential energy storage power station and wind-solar rotor potential energy storage power station" inherits and develops the production organization mode of "source follows load" of traditional power system , make the power system more reliable power supply, more secure and stable, more economical operation and energy security, and provide stable and powerful power support for laser devices, microwave devices and electromagnetic devices of special users 1311 in various places at any time.

The above-mentioned runner potential energy storage power station, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the high-density particulate matter working medium of the runner potential energy engine, including artificial ones, has strong working ability, easy rolling, and loss of transmission potential energy. Small, or small spherical objects with outer cladding, or small spherical objects filled with heavy metals, also include local natural sand, gravel and soil with poor fluidity. On the runner outer ring 210 of the runner device 111, there are evenly distributed hanging bucket support shafts 312, which are provided with a corresponding sequence from the top dead center 205 to the bottom dead center 201, the drop H 202, It is also equipped with a hanging bucket device 113 and a hanging bucket stabilizing device 211 that are driven by the working fluid to rotate, or installed outside the outer ring 210 of the runner, and adopt a mechanical structure of a connecting rod to adjust synchronously with the position of the "seat bucket" revolving It maintains a horizontal sitting bucket device. The working medium transportation and recovery energy storage logistics system of the rotary potential energy storage engine, including the working medium upper warehouse 108, the upper working medium conveying device 120, the working medium lower warehouse 114, the working medium recovery channel 115, and the working medium recovery device 116 and substation 117; the working medium upper warehouse 108 with a large enough storage capacity is used to store the upper working medium to meet the needs of sufficient reactive power reserves and strong support capabilities; the working medium lower warehouse 114 with a large enough storage capacity is used to store grab buckets 319 The lower working fluid discharged at the bottom dead center meets the needs of energy storage. The constant-speed working medium flow control device of the rotary potential energy storage generator includes a constant-speed governor and a working medium flow control device 109 controlled by it. The generator 105 of the rotary potential energy storage generator is an AC synchronous generator dominated by a traditional power system, or an AC generator or a DC generator with special requirements. On the shaft of the output end of the rotary potential energy storage engine, a low-speed generator is directly installed through an elastic coupling 104, or a speed-increasing gear box 107, a clutch 106, a high-speed generator are installed through an elastic coupling 104, or At the free end of the generator 105 or at the free end of the rotating shaft, a cranking locking device 112 for easy installation, adjustment, maintenance and safety is installed, or an oil supply device for lubricating the inside of the running wheel and a lubricating device for the running wheel are installed on the rotating shaft. A circuit device that supplies power internally.

In order to obtain the power required to match with wind power and photovoltaic power stations and satisfy sufficient reactive power reserves and strong support capabilities, in addition to increasing the density of the working medium and the radius of gyration 203 of the runner device 111, there are other methods as shown in Figure 9, or design The runner potential energy storage generator comprising generator 105, multiple runner devices 111, motor 903 of single-axis multi-runner underground, the runner potential energy of the plane parallel multi-axis multi-runner shown in Figure 10 The energy storage generator set, as shown in Figure 11, is a multi-axis multi-rotor runner potential energy storage generator set connected in series up and down, through the working medium flow interface channel 1101, so that the working medium outlet of the upper runner device 111 directly faces the lower one The working medium inlet of the runner device 111 can also reduce the potential energy loss of the working medium and improve the efficiency.

Above-mentioned hanging bucket device 113, as shown in Figure 3, hanging bucket device 113 mainly comprises funnel 313 components, grab bucket 319 components, rotating ball device 103, buffer mechanism 308, hanging bucket stabilizing device 211, tension spring 322,323 and grab The bucket convex arc member 304; the funnel assembly includes a funnel 313, a hanging bucket support shaft 312, and a grab pendulum shaft 315; vertical and symmetrical funnel shaft holes are respectively opened above and below the funnel 313, and the hanging bucket support shaft 312 and the grab pendulum The shafts 315 are respectively fastened in the shaft holes of the funnel; the left half 314 of the grab and the right half 309 of the grab are respectively set on the swing shaft 315 of the grab below the funnel; the hanging bucket device 113 is supported by the hanging bucket support shaft 312 above the funnel 313 In the thrust bearing 320 of the outer ring of the runner parallel to the axis of the runner; on the ball support 620, a rotating ball device 103 symmetrically arranged on the left and right is arranged, and it is arranged outside the left half 314 of the grab bucket and the right half side 309 of the grab bucket. There is a grab convex arc member 304, which forms a rolling friction pair with the rotating sphere 303, so that the grab 319 is completely opened when it reaches the bottom dead center 201 with the rotating shaft, and the working fluid is removed and stored in the lower working fluid warehouse 114; or Between the left half 314 of the grab bucket and the right half 309 of the grab bucket, a buffer mechanism 308 is arranged so that they are closed without collision and are not opened at will during operation; Between, between the right position below the funnel 313 and the lug above the right half of the grab bucket 309, tension springs 322, 323 with the same pulling force are arranged symmetrically respectively, so that the grab bucket 319 is tightly closed and does not swing freely from side to side; One or both ends of the support shaft 312 are provided with a hanging bucket stabilizing device 211, so that the funnel 313 is in a force balance position or in an almost vertical position without swinging randomly; or the hanging bucket device 113 mainly includes a funnel assembly, a grab bucket assembly, a hanging bucket assembly, The bucket stabilization device and the hydraulic devices 324 and 325 controlled by artificial intelligence enable the left half 314 of the grab and the right half 309 of the grab to rotate with the rotating shaft and reach the bottom dead center 201. When they reach the bottom dead center 201, they can be quickly opened, and can be closed in time after the working fluid is removed. Do not swing randomly; ensure that each hanging bucket device 113 does not collide with each other or with the runner member, and can quickly fill the required working fluid without leakage when it is rotated to the top dead center 205, and rotated to the bottom stop Starting from point 201, the grab bucket 319 can be quickly opened to remove the working medium without remaining. The empty-load grab bucket has been completely closed without impact before it circles to the top dead center, and the fully loaded grab bucket 319 circles to the bottom dead center. Open at will, safe and stable operation. The connecting rod mechanical structure of the above-mentioned sitting bucket device, as shown in Figure 23, Figure 24, and Figure 25, includes a connecting rod 2307, a ball bolt assembly 2406, a track 2407 and a cover 2402; the connecting rod 2307 and the hanging bucket device 113 are always in the Vertical state, while the funnel ("sitting bucket") 313 is in a horizontal state, the small head of the connecting rod 2308 is connected with the support shaft 312 of the funnel assembly through the key 2403, and is compressed with the bolt 2404; the big head of the connecting rod 2306 is connected with the ball bolt through the ball bearing 2401 The components 2406 are connected together, the ball falls in the orbital groove 2405, and moves along the orbital groove 2405 with the big head 2306 of the connecting rod; the orbital groove 2405 is symmetrical to the center track 2310, and the abscissa x 2301 of each point is equal to the radius of gyration of the support shaft 321 of the funnel assembly The product of R 203 and the sine function of the corner 2309, the ordinate y 2303 is equal to the product of the radius of gyration R 203 of the support shaft 321 of the funnel assembly and the cosine function of the corner 2309 minus the length of the connecting rod L 2305, which means that the central trajectory of the big head of the connecting rod 2306 is A circle with R203 as the radius of gyration and the length L 2305 of the connecting rod moved down along the ordinate Y as the center of the garden; thus, it can be ensured that the "sitting bucket" is kept in a horizontal state without swinging synchronously with the rotating position of the connecting rod 2307; A cover 2402 is installed on the outside of the rotary device 111, which plays the role of sealing and lubricating the mechanical structure of the connecting rod. The schematic structure and working principle of the above-mentioned fixed bucket device are shown in Figure 26. The fixed bucket device 2611 fixed on the outer ring 2614 of the rotating shaft includes two parts: a fixed funnel 2610 with an opening angle and a working medium storage chamber 2613. Each adjacent two fixed funnels 2610 forms an acute angle 2605, and the working fluid with a certain speed near the top dead center 205 flows along the inlet working fluid direction 2607 or/and the inlet loading working fluid direction 2606, and impacts the working surface 2608 of the fixed funnel 2610 to generate a moment and smoothly enters and stagnates Then, in the working medium storage chamber 2613, it rotates to the vicinity of the bottom dead center 201 with the rotating shaft, and is quickly unloaded under the drive of gravity and centrifugal force. Therefore, the rotary potential energy storage power station is a kind of electric power generation equipment that relies on the reduction of kinetic energy and potential energy of particulate objects to drive the rotating shaft to rotate and drive the generator to generate electricity; the working medium storage chamber 2613 has a working medium outflow guiding surface 2612 , bearing the effect of the resultant force 2602 of the working medium centrifugal force 2603 and the working medium gravity 2601, which has an outward inclination angle with the direction of the resultant force 2602; the axis of the working medium storage chamber 2613 has a torsion angle with the shaft axis, which can increase the working medium The load capacity of the storage chamber 2613; the smaller the inclination angle and the larger the torsion angle, the harder it is for the working fluid in the working fluid storage chamber 2613 to be thrown out, and the more unloading lag near the bottom dead center 201 may affect the loss of the unloading power of the working fluid .

The above-mentioned buffer mechanism 308, as shown in Figure 4, includes a cylinder liner 411, a connecting rod 403 and a piston 406 suspended on the same axis parallel to the axis of the hanging bucket support shaft 312 and perpendicular to the axis of the hanging bucket pendulum axis 315. The crank pin 404, cylinder liner left limiter 405, cylinder liner right limiter 409 and cylinder liner steam chamber 408 which are parallel to the grab pendulum shaft axis and are respectively installed on the left half 314 of the grab bucket and the right half side 309 of the grab bucket; The small head of the rod 403 is connected to the piston 406 through the piston pin 410 respectively, and its large head is connected to the left half 314 of the grab bucket and the right half 309 of the grab bucket through the crank pin 404 respectively; The damping orifice 401 communicates with the cylinder 407, and fills the cylinder liner air chamber 408 with an appropriate amount of lubricating oil for lubricating the piston 406 and the cylinder wall through the sealing screw 402 hole.

The above-mentioned rotating ball device 103, as shown in Figure 6, forms a pair of rolling friction pairs with the convex arc surface 502 of the grab bucket convex arc member 304 as shown in Figure 5, including pushing the convex arc surface 502 of the grab bucket convex arc member 304 and Open the lower end of the grab bucket 319 to have the rotating sphere 303 of the seal groove 602, the ball rotating shaft 621, the bottom surface ball bearing 603, the top surface ball bearing 607, the seal with the seal groove 602 fixed on the sphere support 620 by the positioning pin 601 and the bolt. Cover 608, the sphere blowing cover 615 and vent hole 617 that are pressed on the sealing cover 608 and the sphere support 620 respectively by the nut 613 with the lock washer and the bolt are used to protect and keep the surface of the rotating sphere 303 clean The blowing device, the lubricating system for lubricating the ball rotating shaft 621 and the bearing sleeve 616 composed of the oil inlet hole 619, the oil delivery hole 614 closed by the screw 612, and the oil outlet hole 618; Determined by the grab swing angle 307 at the fully open position 306 of the grab, the meshing spherical surface 605 from the initial meshing point 604 to the final meshing point 606 is surfacing or sprayed with wear-resistant ceramics or hard alloy materials.

The hanging bucket stabilizing device 211 includes a damping type stabilizing device and a crank connecting rod piston type stabilizing device; as shown in Figure 15, the damping type stabilizing device includes one mounted on the speed-increasing gear box 1507, and one mounted on the hanging bucket support shaft 312 respectively. The primary speed-up meshing gear 1508 of the extension shaft 1506 and the intermediate shaft 1509, the secondary speed-up meshing gear 1510 mounted on the intermediate shaft 1509 and the output shaft 1505 respectively, the rotating housing 1504 and the housing end mounted on the output shaft 1505 There is a small gap between the cover 1501 and the surrounding wall and is filled with a damping free wheel 1503 including silicone oil 1502; the gear lubrication is provided by the oil inlet pipe 1704 of the oil supply device, and the lubricating oil in the gearbox is recovered through the oil return pipe 1709; The wheel 1503 produces a damping moment of inertia that is a multiple of the speed-up ratio, preventing the hanging bucket device 113 from swinging abnormally and running stably. The crank connecting rod piston type stabilizing device is shown in Figure 16, which includes a crank 1612 fastened to the extension shaft 1621 of the hanging bucket support shaft 1611 in the sealed casing 1603, and a connecting rod big end 1610 mounted on the crank pin 1618. , the connecting rod 1609, the cross slider 1614 installed on the cross slider 1613, the small head 1608 of the connecting rod fixed on the slider pin 1619 of the cross slider 1614, the sealing ring 1607 connected with the cross slider 1614 Sealed piston rod 1606, piston 1605 sealed by piston ring 1604, cylinder liner 1620, upper oil cylinder 1602, lower oil cylinder 1616, upper oil hole 1601, lower oil hole 1615 and oil pipe 1617; the center line of connecting rod 1609 passes through the center of piston rod 1606 line or parallel to each other; the oil inlet pipe 1704 of the oil supply device provides the lubricating oil of the crank connecting rod piston type stabilizer, and returns the oil through the oil return pipe 1709; the throttling flow of the lubricating oil from the upper oil cylinder 1602 and the lower oil cylinder 1616 produces The pulling force prevents the hanging bucket device 113 from swinging abnormally and stably running.

The above-mentioned oil supply device is shown in Figure 17. Two oblique holes of about 45 degrees are drilled on the rotating shaft 1703 with the central shaft hole 1702, and a runner device 111 welded to the rotating shaft is respectively installed in the two oblique holes. Or the oil inlet pipe 1704 and the oil return pipe 1709 of other rotary devices; or two holes are drilled vertically on the rotating shaft 1703 without the shaft hole 1702, which are directly drilled in the rotating shaft 1703 in advance with the inside of the rotating wheel device 111 or other rotating devices. The good oil inlet shaft hole and the oil return shaft hole are connected to form the oil inlet channel and the oil return channel respectively; on the bearing cover 1707 and the bearing seat 1701, the inlet position of the oil inlet and the outlet position of the oil return are respectively aligned, and an inlet The oil groove groove 1705 and the oil return groove groove 1708, and the oil inlet pipe joint 1706 and the oil return pipe joint 1710 are respectively installed vertically on the bearing cover 1707; they are used for the movements inside the rotating wheel device 111 or other rotating bodies. Components provide good lubrication.

The above-mentioned circuit device is shown in Figure 22, comprises single-phase or three-phase

power transmission brush

2205,2204,2203 and neutral line brush 2202, corresponding

conductor

2216,2217,2218,2219 and the wire 2201 that passes through aperture 2210 accordingly Power transmission circuit; a loop circuit including corresponding single-phase or three-phase loop brushes 2208, 2207, 2206 and neutral line brushes 2209, corresponding

conductors

2213, 2214, 2215, 2212 and corresponding wires 2221 passing through small holes 2210; each The conductor is two semi-circular rings, with insulating material attached to the two ends and the inner surface of the garden. An interface of the two semi-circular rings is drilled with a small hole for leading out the core wire of the conductor. The lead core wire that the porcelain tube 2223 lead of small hole protrudes is extruded in the annular groove of rotating shaft 2220, and welds two joints, repairs; The device provides power support.

Performance Analysis of Rotary Potential Energy Storage Generator and Power Station

1. Wide power range

The output power We=0.0006·M·S·N·m·R·n (horse power) of the rotary potential energy storage generator set=1.36·0.0006·M·S·N·m·R·n (kW); , R, n, m, N, S, M are respectively the radius of gyration R (meters) of the outer ring of the runner, the rotational speed n (rev/min), the loading mass of each hanging bucket m (kg), and the load on each runner The number N (pieces) of hanging bucket devices with an even number, the number S (pieces) of runner devices connected in series on each rotating shaft, and the number M (units) of runner potential energy storage generator sets. The loading mass m of each hanging bucket comes from the working medium upper warehouse 108, and the granular working medium carriers stored therein have high potential energy

V in the formula,

g, H, W

are respectively the volume and density of the granular working fluid carrier stored in the upper working fluid warehouse 108, a constant of about 98N/kg somewhere on the earth, the turning diameter of the runner H=2R and the energy density of the granular working fluid carrier, W

and the potential energy height H and density of the working fluid

It is directly proportional, and the efficiency of working medium in the runner is proportional to the potential energy height H; after estimation, if the radius of gyration R=15 meters of the runner device 111, then the upper warehouse of working medium is 108 miles, and the density is 2400kg/ The energy density W at the height of potential energy of 30 meters per 1 cubic meter of cement pellets per m ³

It is equivalent to the calorific value of 24.30000 joules of 24 tons of ordinary coal, which means that there is a huge amount of "clean coal" stored in the working fluid upper warehouse 108. If the runner potential energy storage power station, the wind-solar runner potential energy storage power station and the working medium lower warehouse 114 are set on the ground, the working medium upper warehouse 108 must be set at an appropriate position on the top of the runner device 111 , the completed power station is unlikely to operate normally from the very beginning, because the working medium upper warehouse 108 is an "empty warehouse", and the electric energy of wind power, photovoltaic power plants or the power grid is first used to send the working medium from the working medium lower warehouse 114 to The working medium is stored in the upper warehouse 108 until the working medium capacity support required by the reactive capacity support; if they are arranged under the ground so that the runner device 111 has a certain height H ₀ from the ground surface, then almost no electric energy is consumed. The working fluid upper warehouse 108 obtains the "huge" working fluid capacity support with initial potential energy E ₀ , and the working medium lower warehouse 114 is also easy to generate electricity through the runner potential energy storage power station, and the working medium upper warehouse 108 Transfer the working medium to the working medium lower warehouse 114 for storage until the energy storage requirements are met; and make the runner potential energy storage power station and the wind-solar runner potential energy storage power station operate under a constant temperature underground, without being affected by the outside world. influences. Therefore, measures should be taken according to local conditions, especially large-scale rotary potential energy storage power stations and wind-solar rotary potential energy storage power stations should be installed under the surface or close to mountains or sand dunes as much as possible.

Because the resultant force of the gravity m·g of the center of gravity mass m of each hanging bucket device loaded with working fluid and its centrifugal force must pass through the funnel axis of the outer ring of the runner to meet the condition of its equilibrium state: the resultant force is about three times the centrifugal force , that is, the balance coefficient K=3. Moreover, the centrifugal force is the constraint of the product of the turning radius R of the runner and the square of the angular velocity variation and the limitation of the structural strength. Therefore, the most direct way to increase the output power W of the rotary potential energy storage generator is to increase the number S of rotary wheel devices 111 connected in series on each rotating shaft including the rotary wheel device 111 and the generator 105 as shown in FIG. 9 . The most effective way is to increase the number M of them, as shown in Figure 10, the runner potential energy storage generator set with multi-axis and multi-rotor in parallel, and the runner potential energy storage generator set with multi-axis and multi-runner in series, as shown in Figure 11. In the energy storage generator set, the outlet of the upper runner device 111 is directly facing the inlet of the lower runner device 111 through the working medium flow interface channel 1101, which can also improve its efficiency. The most direct and effective way to increase power and improve efficiency is to use small balls made of high-density materials, such as iron, lead, and concrete with a density (kg) of 7870, 11343.7, and 2400 per cubic meter, respectively.

Calculation results: K=3, the rotational speed n (r/min) is 2, 3~20 respectively, and the corresponding radius of gyration R (m) of the center of mass of the hanging bucket device is 74.496, 33.132, 18.624, 11.9, 8.295, 6.072, 4.654, 3.678, 2.98, 2.46, 2.07, 1.764, 1.520, 1.324, 1.164, 1.031, 0.919, 0.826 and 0.745; when R = 74.496 meters, n = 2 (rev/min), the number of buckets per runner N =80. When 10 runner devices are connected in series on each rotating shaft, the output power of the largest single shaft 10 runner potential energy storage generator is about 940,000 kilowatts. When R=0.745 meters, n=20 (rev/min), and the number of hanging buckets per runner N=12, the power of the smallest single-axis single-runner runner energy storage generator is about 1.396 kilowatts.

It can be seen from the above that the power range of the rotary potential energy storage power station is large, and the reactive power reserve is sufficient, which fully meets the requirements of matching and combining with wind power and photovoltaic power stations in various places, matching and combining with thermal power stations in various places, and connecting with local power grids. The distribution substation matches the needs of combined Internet access.

2. The efficiency of the rotary potential energy storage generator is high

The indication efficiency of the runner potential energy storage generator is mgH/mg(H+H ₁ +H ₂ )=H/(H+H ₁ +H ₂ )<1 where m is the working load of each hanging bucket Mass mass (kilograms), H is the stroke H 202 (meters) of each hanging bucket from top dead center 205 to bottom dead center 201, g is the gravitational constant of the earth (9.8N/Kg), H ₁ is the work done by the upper working medium H ₂ is the height of potential energy loss after the work of the lower working medium.

It can be seen from the above _formula that the indication efficiency has nothing to do with the mass m, which means that the indication efficiency of the lowest load and the highest load of the constant speed load characteristics are the same _; It is related to the energy storage logistics system; the potential energy loss (H ₁ +H ₂ ) of the small ball working medium is the smallest; the larger the radius of gyration R 203 of the outer ring of the runner indicates the higher the efficiency.

If the working fluid is small ball particles, H ₁ = H ₂ = 2 meters, and the diameter of the outer ring of the runner = H = 2·R is 100 meters, 50 meters and 30 meters respectively, then the indicating efficiency is 96% and 92.6% respectively and 90%. If the working medium is sand or gravel, the loss of potential energy is relatively large. Take H ₁ =H ₂ =10 meters. Under the above conditions, the indicating efficiencies are 83%, 70% and 60% respectively. It is known that the efficiency of large generators is generally 96% to 98%, the efficiency of commonly used 8-stage cylindrical spur gear transmission is 97%, and the indicated efficiency of large water turbines is 88% to 92%, so the comprehensive efficiency of large hydropower stations is 83% to 88%. %, for small hydropower stations, plus the loss of water head in the diversion channel, the comprehensive efficiency is 75% to 82%; the effective efficiency of the four-stroke supercharged engine is 35% to 45%, and the comprehensive efficiency of the generator set is 32% to 42% %. Compared with hydropower stations and four-stroke pressure-increased diesel generator sets, the comprehensive efficiency of the rotary potential energy storage generator is 54.6% to 78% for the working medium of sand or gravel, and for the working medium of small ball objects. The comprehensive efficiency is 84.6%-88.4%.

It can be seen from the above that the rotary potential energy storage generator has a high comprehensive efficiency comparable to that of a hydroelectric power station, and is much higher than that of a four-stroke supercharged diesel generator.

3. The running stability of the rotary potential energy storage generator is good

Because each runner device is equipped with many even-numbered evenly distributed hanging bucket devices, and each rotating shaft is connected in series with runner devices with equal phase angle differences. When the rotating shaft rotates during operation, these hanging bucket devices equipped with a certain amount of working fluid The bucket device moves down from the top dead center to the bottom dead center with the runner in turn, and evenly works and outputs power for the generator, and the output torque 802 of the output shaft is almost a horizontal line, as shown in Figure 8; and because the runner position energy storage The energy generator has a "large" mechanical moment of inertia, and the running speed unevenness of the rotary potential energy storage generator is inversely proportional to the mechanical moment of inertia; and the rotary potential energy storage generator is equipped with a constant speed load characteristic The working medium flow control device is operated at a constant speed, so the rotation unevenness of the runner potential energy storage generator is extremely small, which can fully meet the requirements of the generator speed unevenness of 1/200-1/300 and the power grid.

4. The hanging bucket device of the rotary potential energy storage engine has good working stability

It can be seen from Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 that each hanging bucket device 111 is installed on the outer ring thrust bearing 320 evenly distributed on the outer ring of the runner through the hanging bucket support shaft 312, and the mass at the net stop position 706 of the center of gravity is supported by the hanging bucket. The shaft 710 rotates along with the rotation direction 723 of the rotating shaft 724 and simultaneously swings. When the rotating shaft 724 runs smoothly, under the action of its centrifugal force 1207 , the mass center of gravity swings outward until the center of gravity balance position 705 , as shown in FIG. 12 . Through the parallelogram analysis of force, it is found that when the gravity 1213 is equal to the centrifugal force 1207, the gravity 1214 is 2 times the centrifugal force, 1215 is 3 times the centrifugal force, and 1216 is 4 times the centrifugal force, the corresponding

resultant forces

1206, 1205, 1204, 1201 all generate

external turning moments

1212, 1211, 1210, 1209, so that the hanging bucket device 113 swings outward. Only when the hanging bucket mass gravity 1202 is approximately equal to three times the centrifugal force 1208 can the required equilibrium position 705 be reached. , its resultant force 1203 passes through the hanging bucket support shaft 710 axis.

The working principle of each hanging bucket device 113 running stably at each position is shown in FIG. 7 . When the hanging bucket support shaft 710 falls in the first quadrant, the positive horizontal position, and the second quadrant respectively with the rotation direction 723 of the rotating shaft, the mass center of gravity will swing from the center of gravity net stop position 706 to the center of gravity balance position 705, and the respective gravity 702 and the respective The resultant force 701 produced by the centrifugal force 703 all passes through the axis of the hanging bucket support shaft 710 . When the rotation speed of the rotating shaft increases suddenly, the mass center of gravity swings to the left due to the inertial lag, but the respective resultant forces 701 generate a restoring moment 709, so that the mass center of gravity returns to the stable state of the center of gravity balance position 705. When the rotational speed of the rotating shaft suddenly decreases, the mass center of gravity swings outward due to inertial lag, but the respective resultant forces 701 generate a restoring moment 708, so that the mass center of gravity returns to the balance state of the center of gravity balance position 705.

When the hanging bucket support shaft 710 rotates to the bottom dead center 722, the hanging bucket is not unloaded, and the center of gravity balance position 705 of the mass center of gravity is almost close to the center of gravity net stop position 706 of the bottom dead center. When the rotating shaft suddenly accelerates or decelerates, the position of the center of gravity of the mass center of gravity is correspondingly at the right swing position 704 or at the left swing position 707 of the center of gravity, the corresponding centrifugal force 703 and the gravity force 702 are almost coincident, and the corresponding resultant force 701 generates restoring

moments

708, 709, Make the center of mass return to the balance state of the center of gravity balance position 705 respectively.

When the hanging bucket support shaft 710 falls in the third quadrant, the reverse horizontal position, and the fourth quadrant respectively with the rotation direction 723 of the rotating shaft, the center of gravity of the mass after unloading will swing outward from the net stop position 716 of the center of gravity to the balance position of the center of gravity 715, and the respective gravity is 712 The resultant force 711 produced by each centrifugal force 713 passes through the axis of the hanging bucket support shaft 710 . When the rotation speed of the rotating shaft increases suddenly, the mass center of gravity will swing 717 due to inertial lag, but the resultant force 711 of each will generate a restoring moment 719, so that the mass center of gravity returns to the stable state of the center of gravity balance position 715. When the rotating speed suddenly decreases, the mass center of gravity will swing out 714 due to inertial lag, but the respective resultant forces 711 will generate a restoring moment 718, so that the mass center of gravity will return to the balance state of the center of gravity balance position 715.

When the hanging bucket support shaft 710 revolves to the top dead center 721 , the center of gravity balance position 715 of the mass center of gravity of the unloaded hanging bucket almost coincides with the net dead center position 716 of the top dead center. When the rotating shaft suddenly accelerates or decelerates, the position of the center of gravity of the mass center of gravity is correspondingly at the left swing position 720 or at the right swing position 725 of the center of gravity, and the corresponding centrifugal force 713 and gravity force 712 are almost coincident but in opposite directions, and the corresponding resultant force 711 produces a corresponding restoring moment Steps 718 and 719 respectively return the center of mass to the balance state of the balance position 715 of the center of gravity.

In addition to the above, the hanging bucket device is also equipped with a buffer mechanism as shown in Figure 4, a damping hanging bucket stabilization device as shown in Figure 15, or a crank connecting rod piston type stabilization device as shown in Figure 16. The device, as shown in Figure 23 to Figure 25, adopts "connecting rod mechanical structure to adjust the position of the "sitting bucket" to keep the level of the "sitting bucket" synchronously", and the funnel 313 shown in Figure 3 does not swing randomly. Tension springs 322, 323, or

hydraulic devices

324, 325 controlled by artificial intelligence as shown in FIG. 3 . Therefore, the working stability of the hanging bucket device is good.

5. High strength, high rigidity, low speed, small vibration, small wear and long service life.

As shown in Figure 7, in a stable operation, the centrifugal force generated by each empty hanging bucket device of the runner device changes slightly up and down symmetrically, and the resultant force of the centrifugal force and the gravity of the hanging bucket device fall vertically and vertically. On the bearing seats at both ends of the rotating shaft; for each hanging bucket device equipped with a load, when the load moves from the top dead center to the bottom dead center while doing work, the centrifugal force generated deviates from the rotation center of the rotating shaft, and the resultant force deflects below the horizontal line and falls on the On the bearing seats at both ends; the resultant force of the gravity of the runner device and the centrifugal resultant force of the continuous and stable load falls on the bearing seats at both ends of the second quadrant slightly deflected from the longitudinal vertical line. Because there is no axial external force on the runner, there is no asymmetric unbalanced mass, and the speed is extremely low, so no axial thrust, longitudinal and lateral vibrations are generated. At the same time, the runner device is equipped with an oil supply lubrication device as shown in Figure 17; there is sufficient axial space to increase the diameter of the shaft journal and the journal length proportional to it, and high-pressure lubrication is used The device provides high-pressure lubricating oil, so that the bearing can obtain good oil desert lubrication, so the journal wears less, the service life is long, and the strength and rigidity of the shaft are increased.

6. It has the characteristics of "quick start, difficult stop". A loading start device 212 is provided in the working fluid flow control device 109 as shown in FIG. 2 . When starting, the working medium flow control device 109 and the loading starting device 212 of each wheel device 111 on the rotating shaft simultaneously load the working medium with a full load to the empty bucket device 113 at the top dead center 205 and after the top dead center, In the range of the moment arm L 207 of the corner 206, a relatively large initial starting rotational moment is generated, and the heavy running wheel device 111 is promoted to start to rotate rapidly, and quickly enters the running state. But it is very difficult to make the rotary potential energy storage engine with a "huge amount" of mechanical moment of inertia stop running quickly, and only wait for its own no-load output power until it stops, unless a brake is set on the wheel drum of the rotary device 111 mechanism. To sum up, among the bucket devices of the wheel device 111, the fixed bucket device 2608 has more advantages compared with the hanging bucket device 113 and the sitting bucket device, such as simple structure, high speed adaptability, easy manufacture, installation and maintenance. Adjustment, more stable and reliable operation, etc.

Operation and analysis of "new power supply side" in power grid

For the convenience of description, the rotary potential energy storage power station, centralized and distributed photovoltaic power station, centralized and distributed wind energy 2", "the latter 3".

1. "The former" and "the latter 1" are connected in series and combined to connect to the Internet. The change curve 1802 of daily actual power consumption and the change curve 1806 of photovoltaic power are shown in Figure 18. Operation conditions: (1) About 11:00 in normal time ~17:00, with plenty of sunshine, "the latter 1" generates electricity and goes online, and "the former" stores energy to consume all the peak-shaving power of "the latter 1" 1803; (2) During the low valley period, it is about 22:00 to 6:00 the next day , without sunlight, the former independently supplies power to the Internet to fill the valley 1805 and 1801; (3) peak hours are about 6:00-11:00, of which 6:00-7:00 is jointly powered by the "former" and "the latter 1" , 7:00-11:00 is sunny, the "latter 1" is powered online, and the "former" energy storage consumes all the peak-shaving power 1804 of "the latter 1"; peak hours are about 17:00-23:00, Among them, from 17:00 to 19"00, the "former" and "the latter 1" will be connected to the Internet for power supply, and from 19:00 to 23:00, the "former" will be powered on the Internet independently; (4) when "the latter 1" intermittently During the entire power supply period of the power outage, the "former" independently supplies power to the Internet, and maintains a balance between power supply and power consumption at any time. (5) If wind power and photovoltaic power stations with a high proportion of new energy sources in the new power system develop on a large scale, their power When the proportion is as high as 75%, the change curves 180, 1901, and 2101 of the actual electricity consumption of photovoltaic and wind power will move down to about 1/4.5-1/5, and most of the wind power and photovoltaic power will be stored, so that New energy is used for 8760 hours every year.

2. "The former" and "the latter 2" are connected in series and combined to connect to the Internet. The change curve 1901 of the actual daily power consumption and the change curve 1903 of wind energy power are shown in Figure 19. The operation situation: (1) about 21:00 ~ times At 9:00 a.m., "the latter 2" will be independently powered online, and the "former" will store and consume the peak-shaving power 1902 of "the latter 2"; (2) From about 9:00 to 20:00, the "former" and " The latter 2” share the power supply to the Internet; (3) about 20:00~21:00, the “latter 2” independently supplies power to the Internet; (4) In all time periods of the year, there may be large output power but low power consumption as shown in Figure 20 The peak power shown is 2001, but the series combination power station of "the former" and "the latter 2" can store and absorb energy smoothly: it has a huge amount of mechanical moment of inertia composed of the motor 903, the generator 105 and the runner device 111 , sufficient reactive power reserves and strong support capabilities, a complete working medium transportation and recycling energy storage logistics system, and matching working medium upper warehouses and working medium lower warehouses with sufficient working fluids, which can be consumed at any time and release the peak power; or adopt the design scheme of shunting the peak power to each generating set; or adopt the constant-speed load characteristic operation of the series power station in advance according to the lower limit speed range within the range of 1/200-1/300 of the speed change specified by the power grid , when the peak power is encountered, the energy storage can be automatically absorbed and the speed can be raised to the upper limit speed range, and the balance between power supply and power consumption can be maintained at any time.

3. "The former" and "the latter 3" are combined in series to connect to the Internet, the daily actual power consumption change curve 2101, the photovoltaic power change curve 2106, and the superimposed wind energy power change curve 2105, as shown in Figure 21. Operation status: From about 0:00 to 15:00, "the latter 3" will be independently powered on the Internet, and the "former" will store energy to consume the peak-shaving power of "the latter 3"; from about 15:00 to 0:00, the The "former" and "the latter 3" are connected to the grid for power supply, and the balance between the power supply and power consumption of the power station is maintained at any time.

4. In the operation of the national power grid, the "new power supply principle" with a high proportion of new energy can keep the balance between power supply and power consumption at any time.

5. It can be connected to special user 1311 at any time to provide stable and powerful power support for its laser devices, microwave devices and electromagnetic devices.

Industrial Applicability

The rotary potential energy storage power station, the wind and solar rotary potential energy storage power station, and the rotary potential energy power station are widely used in new power systems with a high proportion of new energy. The new power supply side of the system mainly includes: the runner potential energy storage power station, which can be matched with the thermal power stations distributed in various places in parallel and combined with the high-voltage power grid according to the needs, and is used to absorb and store the wind turbine position from the high-voltage power grid Energy storage power station or thermal power station's electric energy, in response to extreme weather in the region or sudden power outages in the power grid, provide safe and reliable power supply for a long time, and improve the economy of thermal power stations by "shaving peaks" and "filling valleys" for thermal power stations when necessary and reduce carbon emissions, and provide stable and powerful power support for local laser devices, microwave devices and electromagnetic devices at any time when necessary; the potential energy storage power station of the wheel can be distributed in urban communities, hospitals, schools, and certain places as needed. Some factories and mines respond to emergency power outages and provide long-term power capacity support. If necessary, set up a rotary potential energy storage power station and a distribution station to match an active distribution station for large electricity consumers to avoid huge loads in production. The impact of sudden changes on the power grid; the potential energy storage power station of the wheel can be distributed in a special location according to the needs, and can provide the required power support for the laser device, microwave device and electromagnetic device at any time; the potential energy power station of the wheel It needs to be installed in a suitable position on the mountainside to "create land" and generate electricity for mountainous areas lacking cultivated land, and use the one-time power generation of potential energy stored in the upper half of the mountain, including gravel, sand, and soil particles, to generate electricity for splitting mountains. Electric power is provided by electric excavators for land reclamation, and electric bulldozers for land reclamation in the lower half of the mountain valley; rotary potential energy power station, rotary potential energy storage power station, and wind-solar rotary potential energy storage The power station can cooperate to establish a "ground-air power grid" as needed, based on the ground "new energy high-proportion new power system", in the rotary potential energy power station, the rotary potential energy storage power On the energy storage power station, ground-to-air directional microwave transmitting devices are installed in a distributed manner as needed, and microwave transfer devices including electric aircraft, electric unmanned aerial vehicles, satellites, and aerial microwaves are equipped with microwave receiving devices and "microwave transfer stations". The air-powered aircraft at the station provides power support, and also provides power support to electric aircraft, electric surface ships, and electric vehicles equipped with microwave receiving devices in the water through the "microwave transfer station".

Claims

An energy storage power generation device for a new power system with a high proportion of new energy. The power supply side of the new power system with a high proportion of new energy mainly includes wind power, photovoltaic power plants, thermal power plants, hydropower plants and nuclear power plants. The energy storage power generation on the energy storage side The device mainly includes a pumped storage power station, a compressed air energy storage power generation system, an electric hydrogen production energy storage power generation device, a flywheel energy storage power generation device, a gravity energy storage power generation device, and a storage battery. It is characterized in that the energy storage power generation device also includes a It has the characteristics of using non-polluting high-energy-density granular objects as the carrier of the working medium, increasing the potential energy of the working medium by consuming electric energy and other energy to store energy, reducing the potential energy of the working medium to generate electricity, large moment of inertia, and constant-speed load characteristics The running "runner potential energy storage power station" is matched with wind power and photovoltaic power stations in series to form an independent power station "window and wind runner potential energy storage power station" by including motors;

"Runner potential energy storage power station" mainly includes runner potential energy storage generators and matching substations;

The rotary potential energy storage generator is a kind of power generation equipment with output voltage type power supply with large moment of inertia, mainly including the rotary potential energy storage engine and the generator at the output end; the rotary potential energy storage engine is equipped with The fixed speed governor is used to control the fixed speed working medium flow control device and the loading and starting device to ensure that the runner potential energy storage generator operates according to the constant speed load characteristics, starts quickly, and has good loading performance; the generator mainly includes traditional electric power System-oriented AC synchronous generators, AC generators or DC generators with special requirements;

The rotary potential energy storage engine mainly includes the rotary potential energy engine, the working medium that absorbs electric energy or other energy recovery and makes the working medium increase the potential energy of the working medium and "stores energy" and transports and recycles the energy storage logistics System; working fluid transportation and recovery energy storage logistics system, mainly including working medium upper warehouse, upper working medium conveying device, working medium lower warehouse, working medium recovery channel, working medium recovery device, substation; working medium with sufficient storage capacity The upper warehouse is used to store the upper working fluid to meet the needs of sufficient reactive power reserve and strong supporting capacity; the lower warehouse with sufficient storage capacity is used to store the lower working fluid that is unloaded by the middle bucket device of the runner device at the bottom dead center. Meet the needs of energy storage;

The rotary potential energy engine is an engine that uses non-polluting artificial pellets, natural sand, gravel, and soil particles with high energy density as the working medium, which has no emissions and no environmental pollution; The potential energy of the bucket device in the inertial wheel device is reduced to do work, and to drive the rotating shaft to rotate and output power;

The runner potential energy power station mainly includes a runner potential energy engine equipped with a constant speed governor and controlled by it to operate according to the constant speed load characteristics and a runner potential energy engine with a loading and starting device. There are matching generators and matching substations installed outside the machine;

The shaft at the output end of the rotary potential energy storage engine is directly equipped with a low-speed generator through an elastic coupling, or is equipped with a speed-increasing gearbox, a clutch, and a high-speed generator through an elastic coupling, and the free end of the shaft or The free end of the generator is equipped with a crank locking device that is convenient for installation, adjustment, maintenance and safety, and an oil supply device that provides lubricating oil to the internal movement mechanism of the runner as required, and supplies oil stations and electrical appliances inside the runner as required. The electrical circuit arrangement for supplying power to the equipment;

Including multiple runner devices connected in series on the rotating shaft of the underground runner potential energy storage engine to form a single-shaft multi-rotor runner potential energy storage generator; multiple single-shaft multi-runner runners The potential energy storage generator constitutes a planar parallel multi-axis multi-rotor rotor potential energy storage generator set, or a multi-axis multi-rotor rotor potential energy storage generator set connected in series up and down, and obtains the same level as wind power and photovoltaic power plants. Matching reactive power reserve capacity support;

"The rotary potential energy storage power station, through the free end including the motor, is matched in series with wind power and photovoltaic power stations to form an independent power station wind turbine potential energy storage power station", and its functions include: Inheriting the traditional power system "power generation tracking load realization The theoretical system of "instantaneous balance of power and electricity"; the electronic current-type power supply composed of wind power and photovoltaics, and the power electronic equipment with no moment of inertia in essence, are transformed into the power voltage-type power supply of the rotary potential energy storage generator and the power supply with operation Electric power generation equipment with medium and large moment of inertia is conducive to the stable control of voltage, frequency and power angle; transforming uncontrollable wind power and photovoltaic new energy into controllable energy; transforming wind power and photovoltaic power stations into new energy with unlimited proportion The "new power supply side" of "source follows the load"; provides power capacity support compatible with wind power and photovoltaic loads for the large-scale development of new energy, and supports the capacity of working fluid carriers required for 8,760 hours of energy storage and power generation per year; cancels The energy storage side, which is the fourth element of the "closed loop" in the new power system with a high proportion of new energy; the distributed micro and small wind turbine potential energy storage power stations in various places can form an independent power grid, or be connected to the "power distribution The "high-voltage, or ultra-high voltage, or ultra-ultra-high voltage power grid" on the centralized large-scale and ultra-large wind turbine potential energy storage power stations in various places supplies power to large towns or cross-regional centralized power supply. "A power structure model that combines distributed power self-balancing and centralized surplus regulation to ensure reliable power supply, safety and stability, green and carbon-free, and economical operation of the power system;

Including "window potential energy storage power station", "rotary potential energy storage power station", "rotary potential energy power station", which are widely used in new power systems with a high proportion of new energy. The new power supply side of the new power system with a high proportion of energy mainly includes: the rotary potential energy storage power station is matched with the thermal power stations distributed in various places in parallel and combined with the high-voltage power grid, which is mainly used to absorb and store the wind and light from the high-voltage power grid The electric energy of the rotary potential energy storage power station or thermal power station can be used to deal with extreme weather in the region or sudden power outages in the power grid, so as to ensure a safe and reliable power supply for a long time. For the economy of the power station and the reduction of carbon emissions, it is necessary to provide stable and powerful power support for local laser devices, microwave devices and electromagnetic devices at any time; the rotary potential energy storage power station can be distributed in urban communities, hospitals, and schools as needed. Some factories and mines are mainly used to deal with emergency power outages of the power grid and provide long-term power capacity support; the rotary potential energy storage power station is matched with the distribution station to form an active distribution station, so as to avoid large power consumers from generating electricity during production. The impact of huge sudden load on the power grid; the potential energy storage power station of the runner can be distributed in a special location according to the needs, and provide the required power support for the laser device, microwave device and electromagnetic device at any time; the potential energy power station of the runner, It can be installed in an appropriate position on the mountainside as needed, mainly used to provide power for the power system, and to "create land" for mountainous areas lacking cultivated land, and to use working fluids stored in the upper half of the mountain, including gravel, sand, and soil particles, which have potential energy. The potential energy of the carrier is reduced to generate electricity, which provides power for splitting mountains, including electric excavators, and for filling the lower half of the valley, including electric bulldozers; rotary potential energy power station, rotary potential energy storage power generation station, wind-solar rotor potential energy storage power station, and the ground-air grid can be established in coordination as required. On the rotor potential energy power station, rotor potential energy storage power station, and wind-solar rotor potential energy It is necessary to set up ground-to-air directional microwave transmitting devices in a distributed manner to provide power support to air-powered aircraft including electric aircraft, electric drones, satellites, and aerial microwave transfer stations equipped with microwave receiving devices and "microwave transfer stations". , It also provides power support through the "microwave transfer station" to the underwater electric aircraft equipped with microwave receiving devices, electric water surface ships, and ground electric transportation vehicles.