WO2022257215A1 - 一种关断器的控制方法、装置及关断器 - Google Patents

一种关断器的控制方法、装置及关断器 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2022257215A1
WO2022257215A1 PCT/CN2021/105164 CN2021105164W WO2022257215A1 WO 2022257215 A1 WO2022257215 A1 WO 2022257215A1 CN 2021105164 W CN2021105164 W CN 2021105164W WO 2022257215 A1 WO2022257215 A1 WO 2022257215A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
switch
terminal
bypass
processor
power supply
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/105164
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周懂明
罗宇浩
卢啸
沈飞
朱璇
Original Assignee
浙江英达威芯电子有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 浙江英达威芯电子有限公司 filed Critical 浙江英达威芯电子有限公司
Publication of WO2022257215A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022257215A1/zh

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
    • H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of safety protection of photovoltaic power generation systems, in particular to a control method and device for a switch and a switch.
  • a common photovoltaic system includes multiple series-connected photovoltaic module groups, and the series-connected photovoltaic module groups are connected to the inverter through a DC cable.
  • the inverter converts the DC high-voltage power output by multiple photovoltaic module groups into AC high-voltage power for integration into the grid.
  • each photovoltaic module group includes N photovoltaic modules, N is a positive integer, and the N photovoltaic modules are connected in series.
  • the inverter in order to ensure the safety of the power supply of the photovoltaic system, the inverter is usually equipped with anti-arc protection. Specifically, when the arc is detected, the inverter is controlled to stop working, but after the inverter stops working, many The DC cables connected to the output terminals of each PV module group will still output DC high voltage, which may cause personal danger or fire accidents.
  • a switch is installed at the output end of each photovoltaic module group, and the output terminals of the switch are connected in series to the inverter, and when an arc occurs, the switch is controlled to turn off , to reduce the DC voltage on the DC cable to avoid personal danger and safety accidents.
  • each photovoltaic module group cannot output DC power to the DC cable, resulting in the inability of the inverter to integrate AC power into the grid, resulting in photovoltaic The system is not working properly.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a control method and device for a circuit breaker, and a circuit breaker.
  • the power supply voltage of the processor in the circuit breaker is lower than its own first undervoltage protection voltage, it controls the conduction of N bypass switches. turn on, and control the N main switching tubes to be turned off, so as to separate the N photovoltaic components and N main switching tubes corresponding to the switch from the multiple series connected photovoltaic component groups connected to the inverter, so that
  • the photovoltaic module groups corresponding to other disconnectors can normally output DC voltage to the inverter, so that the inverter can normally output alternating current to be connected to the grid, so that the photovoltaic system can work normally and improve the reliability of the photovoltaic system.
  • the present invention provides a control method of a switch, which is applied to a processor in the switch, and the switch includes N main switch tubes corresponding to N photovoltaic modules one-to-one and N bypass switch tubes corresponding to the N photovoltaic modules one by one;
  • the positive terminal of the power supply of the processor is connected to the positive output terminal of the first photovoltaic module
  • the negative terminal of the power supply of the processor is connected to the negative output terminal of the ith photovoltaic module
  • the first terminal of the first main switching tube is The output positive terminal of the switch
  • the second terminal of the i-th main switch tube is connected to the output positive terminal of the i-th photovoltaic module
  • the first terminal of the i+1-th main switch tube is connected to the output terminal of the i-th photovoltaic component connected to the negative terminal
  • the output negative terminal of the Nth photovoltaic module is the output negative terminal of the switch
  • the first end of the bypass switch is connected to the first end of the corresponding main switch
  • the bypass The second end of the switch tube is connected to the output negative end of the corresponding photovoltaic module, N ⁇ i ⁇ 1, and both N and i are integers;
  • control methods include:
  • the processor itself before judging whether the power supply voltage of the processor itself is lower than the first undervoltage protection voltage, it also includes:
  • the bypass switch is a MOS transistor, and the MOS transistor includes a body diode;
  • judging whether the bypass current is greater than a preset current includes:
  • bypass current is continuously greater than the preset current within the first preset time, enter into the step of controlling N bypass switches to be closed.
  • the method further includes:
  • controlling the conduction of the N main switch tubes includes:
  • Controlling the opening of the N bypass switch tubes includes:
  • the sequence of controlling the disconnection of the N bypass switches is the same as the sequence of the peak-staggered conduction of the corresponding N main switches.
  • the method further includes:
  • the main switching tube corresponding to the photovoltaic component with abnormal operation is controlled to be turned off and the corresponding bypass switch is turned on.
  • control device for a circuit breaker including:
  • the processor is configured to realize the above-mentioned control method of the circuit breaker when executing the computer program.
  • the present application also provides a switch, including the control device of the switch described above, N main switching tubes corresponding to the N photovoltaic modules one by one, and the N photovoltaic modules.
  • N bypass switch tubes corresponding to each component;
  • the positive terminal of the power supply of the processor is connected to the positive output terminal of the first photovoltaic module
  • the negative terminal of the power supply of the processor is connected to the negative output terminal of the ith photovoltaic module
  • the first terminal of the first main switching tube is The output positive terminal of the switch
  • the second terminal of the i-th main switch tube is connected to the output positive terminal of the i-th photovoltaic module
  • the first terminal of the i+1-th main switch is connected to the output negative terminal of the i-th photovoltaic module.
  • the output negative terminal of the Nth photovoltaic module is the output negative terminal of the switch, the first end of the bypass switch is connected to the first end of the corresponding main switch, and the bypass
  • the second terminal of the switch tube is connected to the corresponding negative output terminal of the photovoltaic module, N ⁇ i ⁇ 1, and both N and i are integers.
  • a diode, a first capacitor and a second capacitor are also included;
  • the anode of the diode is connected to the positive output terminal of the first photovoltaic module
  • the cathode of the diode is respectively connected to the first terminal of the first capacitor and the positive terminal of the power supply of the processor
  • the first terminal of the first capacitor is The two terminals are respectively connected to the output negative terminal of the first photovoltaic module and the first terminal of the second capacitor, and the first terminal of the second capacitor is respectively connected to the power output terminal of the processor and the shutdown The power terminal connection of the electrical equipment in the device;
  • the processor is also used to convert the voltage of its positive power supply terminal to supply power for the electrical equipment in the switch.
  • the present application provides a control method and device for a switch, and a switch.
  • N main switching tubes After receiving a heartbeat signal, N main switching tubes are turned on, so that N photovoltaic modules can output direct current through N corresponding main switching tubes; If the power supply voltage of the processor is abnormal after the N main switch tubes are turned on, that is, when the power supply voltage of the processor in the switch is lower than its own first undervoltage protection voltage, the N bypass switch tubes are controlled to be turned on, And control N main switching tubes to turn off, so as to separate the N photovoltaic components and N main switching tubes corresponding to the switch from the multiple series connected photovoltaic component groups connected to the inverter, so that other The photovoltaic module group corresponding to the switch can normally output DC voltage to the inverter, so that the inverter can normally output alternating current to be connected to the grid, so that the photovoltaic system can work normally and improve the reliability of the photovoltaic system.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a control method of a circuit breaker provided by the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a specific implementation circuit diagram of a switch provided by the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is the control sequence diagram of the first kind of breaker provided by the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a control sequence diagram of the corresponding shut-off device when the processor provided by the present invention is not powered off;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the control flow of the bypass switch tube when the processor is not powered off according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a control sequence diagram of the corresponding switch when the processor is powered off according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the control flow of the bypass switch tube when the processor is powered off according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a structural block diagram of a control device for a circuit breaker provided by the present invention.
  • the core of the present invention is to provide a control method and device for a circuit breaker, and a circuit breaker.
  • the power supply voltage of the processor in the circuit breaker is lower than its own first undervoltage protection voltage, it controls the conduction of N bypass switches. turn on, and control the N main switching tubes to be turned off, so as to separate the N photovoltaic components and N main switching tubes corresponding to the switch from the multiple series connected photovoltaic component groups connected to the inverter, so that
  • the photovoltaic module groups corresponding to other disconnectors can normally output DC voltage to the inverter, so that the inverter can normally output alternating current to be connected to the grid, so that the photovoltaic system can work normally and improve the reliability of the photovoltaic system.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a control method for a switch provided by the present invention. The control method is applied to the processor in the switch. N main switch tubes and N bypass switch tubes corresponding to N photovoltaic modules one by one;
  • the positive terminal of the power supply of the processor is connected to the positive output terminal of the first photovoltaic module
  • the negative terminal of the power supply of the processor is connected to the negative output terminal of the i-th photovoltaic module
  • the first terminal of the first main switching tube is the positive output terminal of the switch.
  • the second terminal of the i-th main switching tube is connected to the output positive terminal of the i-th photovoltaic module
  • the first terminal of the i+1-th main switching tube is connected to the output negative terminal of the i-th photovoltaic module
  • the output of the N-th photovoltaic module The negative terminal is the output negative terminal of the switch
  • the first terminal of the bypass switch tube is connected to the first terminal of the corresponding main switch tube
  • the second terminal of the bypass switch tube is connected to the output negative terminal of the corresponding photovoltaic module.
  • This control method includes:
  • the design idea of this application is: to design a control method for the disconnector to ensure the normal and stable operation of the disconnector, or to switch the faulty disconnector from multiple photovoltaic modules connected in series. group, so that other photovoltaic module groups can output DC power to the DC cable through the corresponding switch, so that the inverter can still convert the DC power on the DC cable into AC power for integration into the grid, thereby realizing photovoltaic normal operation of the system.
  • the present application provides a control method, which is used to control the operation of the switch according to the power supply voltage in the processor, so as to realize the normal operation of the photovoltaic system.
  • the power supply voltage of the processor is the direct current output by several photovoltaic modules in the corresponding photovoltaic module group. After receiving the heartbeat signal sent by the system controller, the corresponding N main switch tubes are turned on. At this time, several photovoltaic modules The DC power output by the components not only supplies power to the processor, but also outputs DC power to the DC cable through the corresponding main switching tube.
  • the turn-on of the N main switch tubes may reduce the power supply voltage of the processor, which may reach the first under-voltage protection voltage of the processor, causing the processor to work abnormally, and may lead to an unreliable control switch. Therefore, in this application, when the power supply voltage of the processor is lower than its own first undervoltage protection voltage, the corresponding N switches are controlled to be turned off, and the corresponding N bypass switches are controlled to be closed, so that the N bypasses
  • the switching tube separates the photovoltaic module group composed of N photovoltaic modules from multiple series-connected photovoltaic module groups, so that other photovoltaic module groups can normally output DC to the DC cable to ensure the normal operation of the photovoltaic system.
  • the first undervoltage protection voltage in this application is a protection voltage for protecting the normal operation of the processor, and the purpose of controlling the shutdown of the N main switch tubes is to enable the power supply voltage of the processor to rise. , so that the processor can work normally.
  • FIG. 2 is a specific implementation circuit diagram of a switch provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a control timing diagram of the first switch provided by the present invention.
  • a diode D1 a first capacitor C1 and a second capacitor C2 are also included;
  • the anode of the diode D1 is connected to the positive output terminal of the first photovoltaic module, the cathode of the diode D1 is respectively connected to the first terminal of the first capacitor C1 and the positive terminal of the power supply of the processor, and the second terminal of the first capacitor C1 is respectively connected to the first
  • the output negative terminal of the photovoltaic module is connected to the first terminal of the second capacitor C2, and the first terminal of the second capacitor C2 is respectively connected to the power output terminal of the processor and the power supply terminal of the electrical equipment in the switch;
  • the processor is also used to convert the voltage of its positive power supply to power the consumers in the switch.
  • the voltage output by the photovoltaic module charges the first capacitor C1 through the diode D1, and the voltage of the first capacitor C1 is the power supply voltage of the processor.
  • the power supply at the power output terminal of the processor supplies power to the second capacitor C2, and the voltage at the first terminal of the second capacitor C2 can supply power to other electric devices.
  • the first capacitor C1 can supply power to the processor for a period of time, so that the processor is not powered on.
  • the second capacitor C2 can also ensure that the electrical equipment powered by it can work normally for a period of time.
  • the processor is used to step down its own power supply voltage to supply power to low-voltage equipment. Therefore, the corresponding first capacitor C1 is a capacitor with a large capacity and a relatively large packaging volume and cost, such as the first capacitor
  • the voltage of the first section of C1 is 100 volts
  • the capacity of the second capacitor C2 and the corresponding packaging volume and cost are relatively large and relatively small, for example, the voltage of the first terminal of the second capacitor C2 is about 20 volts.
  • the power of the second capacitor C2 mainly comes from the first capacitor C1, that is, the capacitor stored in the first capacitor C1 not only supplies power to the processor, but also provides power to the processor.
  • the electrical equipment connected to the output terminal supplies power.
  • the capacity of the second capacitor C2 slightly larger (for example, increase the voltage of the first terminal of the second capacitor C2 to 25 volts), and the capacity of the first capacitor C1 is slightly smaller (for example, make the first The voltage at the first end of the capacitor C1 is reduced to 80V), so that the second capacitor C2 stores more energy and takes less energy from the first capacitor C1, and the capacity of the first capacitor C1 can be set smaller, corresponding to The packaging volume and cost of the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 can be greatly reduced.
  • the processor in this application may be one processor, or may include two separate processors, for example, when the processor includes a first processor and a second processor, when the processor is turned off
  • the number of photovoltaic modules corresponding to the breaker is 2 (for the convenience of describing the present invention, the following embodiments are described with the number of photovoltaic modules, the number of main switch tubes and the number of bypass switch tubes being 2), as shown in Fig. 2 and FIG.
  • Vin2+ is the output voltage of the first photovoltaic module
  • VIN is the power supply voltage of the processor, specifically the power supply voltage of the first processor, that is, the capacitance of the first terminal of the first capacitor C1
  • V2 is the power supply voltage output by the processor, specifically the power supply voltage of the second processor, that is, the voltage of the first terminal of the second capacitor C2
  • IN_EN is the internal logic signal
  • Transmitter_ON is the heartbeat signal
  • Trans_SET is the second processing
  • the device sends the start signal to the first processor after receiving the heartbeat signal.
  • the first processor is specifically used to control the conduction of the N main switch tubes after receiving the start signal. signal, control N main switch tubes to turn off, and control N bypass switch tubes to close.
  • the N side switches are controlled. turn on the switching tubes, and control the N main switching tubes to turn off, so as to separate the N photovoltaic modules corresponding to the switch and the N main switching tubes from multiple series-connected photovoltaic module groups connected to the inverter out, so that the photovoltaic module groups corresponding to other disconnectors can normally output DC voltage to the inverter, so that the inverter can normally output alternating current to be connected to the grid, so that the photovoltaic system can work normally and improve the efficiency of the photovoltaic system. reliability.
  • the bypass switch tube is a MOS (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor, Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor) tube, and the MOS tube includes a body diode D1;
  • MOS Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor, Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor
  • the bypass switch in this embodiment can be, but not limited to, a MOS tube.
  • a MOS tube since the MOS tube includes a body diode D1, after the main switch tube is turned off, the body diode D1 in the MOS tube will have The bypass current passes, but when the bypass current is too large, it may cause serious heating of the body diode D1, which may damage the MOS tube.
  • the application controls the conduction of the bypass switch tube when the bypass current is greater than the preset current, so as to avoid severe heating of the MOS tube and ensure the safety of the system.
  • judging whether the bypass current is greater than the preset current includes:
  • bypass current is continuously greater than the preset current within the first preset time, enter into the step of controlling N bypass switches to be closed.
  • the purpose of setting the first preset time in the control method of the present application is to ensure the stability of the judged bypass circuit being greater than the preset current, that is, the bypass current is stably greater than the preset current within the first preset time , the N bypass switches are controlled to be closed.
  • the bypass current may only exist greater than the preset current in a short period of time, if the bypass current is greater than the preset current, directly control the actions of the N bypass switches , may cause malfunction, or cause the bypass switch tube to operate frequently, which may cause damage to the switch.
  • the first preset time is set in this application to ensure the stability of judging the bypass current, to ensure the reliability of the system operation, and to avoid damage to the switching tubes in the system.
  • N main switch tubes to be disconnected and controlling N bypass switch tubes to be closed it also includes:
  • the method of this embodiment is: when entering the bypass mode (when N bypass switches are turned on and N main switches are turned off) the first 2. After the preset time, exit the bypass mode, and then control the main switch to turn on, and the bypass switch to turn off. If the power supply voltage of the processor is normal at this time, the whole switch will enter the normal working mode, otherwise it will re-enter the bypass mode. road mode. That is, in this embodiment, it is determined whether to control the breaker to exit the bypass mode in an intermittent manner.
  • controlling the conduction of N main switch tubes includes:
  • the sequence of controlling the disconnection of the N bypass switches is the same as the sequence of the peak-staggered conduction of the corresponding N main switches.
  • the present application controls the conduction of the N main switch tubes at peak shifts, so that the voltage or current gradually increases and avoids damage to the photovoltaic system.
  • the application does not specifically limit the peak-staggered turn-on time of the main switch.
  • bypass_C in Figure 3 is the bypass current
  • Ith_1 is the preset current
  • IN3 is the internal logic signal
  • g1, g2, g3 and g4 are M1, M2, M3 and M4 respectively control signal, wherein M1, M2, M3 and M4 are turned on when the control signal is at a high level.
  • the turn-off time of the bypass switch tube is Td2 hours earlier than the time of the corresponding main switch tube that is turned on next time, which is also It can be other times, and this application does not make any special limitation here.
  • the method of this embodiment can detect whether the processor resumes normal operation, and when it is working normally, control the photovoltaic module group corresponding to the switch to output DC normally, and control it to enter the bypass mode when it is still abnormal.
  • the processor itself before judging whether the power supply voltage of the processor itself is lower than the first undervoltage protection voltage, it also includes:
  • control the processor If the power supply voltage is less than the second undervoltage protection voltage, control the processor to power off itself, and control itself to power on after receiving the power-on command again, and enter the process of judging whether the power supply voltage of the processor itself is less than the second undervoltage protection voltage step.
  • the first undervoltage protection voltage is only to make the power supply voltage of the processor recover, and the first undervoltage protection voltage is a voltage that will not cause the processor to be powered off. After reaching the second undervoltage protection voltage, it will control When the processor is powered off, the power-off time of the processor will be reduced as much as possible after power-off, so that the processor can be powered on as soon as possible.
  • the first undervoltage protection voltage is a voltage that prevents the first processor from being powered off. At this time, the first processor U1 can always be charged, so as to realize System control.
  • FIG. 4 is a control sequence diagram of the corresponding switch when the processor is not powered off according to the present invention.
  • the processor (specifically, the first processor) is not powered off by the first undervoltage protection voltage.
  • the logic for controlling the power supply of the first terminal of the second capacitor C2 makes the bypass work always work when the first processor is continuously powered on.
  • the delay of T8 time is to consider that the VIN voltage drops when M1 is turned on, and when it drops to the undervoltage protection voltage of U1, control g1 to be low
  • the level turns off M1, so that the input voltage Vin 2+ rises, restarts the opening process, and turns on the bypass switch.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the control flow of the bypass switch tube when the processor is not powered off according to the present invention.
  • the switch starts after power-on, detects the bypass current Bypass_C, detects the control signal level of the bypass switch tube, if it is low level, exits the bypass mode, and continues to detect the bypass current; if it is high level , which means that the bypass switch tube is turned on at this time. At this time, the work of the bypass switch tube is controlled. When the set time t7 is not reached, the above work is repeated. After reaching t7, the bypass switch tube M2 and the bypass switch tube are turned off. M4, turn on the main switch tubes M1 and M3, if the power supply VIN of the main control chip U1 drops to the undervoltage protection value, U1 restarts the control mode. If the power supply VIN of the main control chip U1 remains stable and does not drop to undervoltage protection, the bypass control mode will be exited.
  • Fig. 6 is the control timing diagram of the corresponding switch when the processor is powered off according to the present invention
  • Fig. 7 is the bypass switch tube when the processor is powered off according to the present invention Schematic diagram of the control flow. The whole is similar to the above-mentioned Figure 4 and Figure 5, except that in the last step, if the power supply VIN of the main control chip U1 drops to the second undervoltage protection voltage, the first processor will be powered off, and the first processor will be controlled to be powered on again. And restart the bypass control mode. If the power supply VIN of the main control chip U1 remains stable, the bypass control mode is exited.
  • the processor itself after judging whether the power supply voltage of the processor itself is lower than the first undervoltage protection voltage, it also includes:
  • the main switching tube corresponding to the photovoltaic component working abnormally is controlled to be disconnected and the corresponding bypass switching tube is turned on.
  • the photovoltaic modules when the photovoltaic modules output direct current to the bus through the corresponding main switching tube, the working information of each photovoltaic module is also obtained, and it is judged whether the corresponding photovoltaic modules are abnormal, and if abnormal, control
  • the corresponding bypass switch tube is turned on to short-circuit the abnormal photovoltaic module and the main switch tube, and then separated from the photovoltaic module group corresponding to the switch, so that other photovoltaic modules in the photovoltaic module group can pass through the conductive
  • the bypass switch tube outputs direct current normally.
  • obtaining the working information of the photovoltaic module may include but is not limited to obtaining the output voltage and/or operating current of the photovoltaic module, when the output voltage is within a preset voltage range and/or the output current is within a preset current range , indicating that the corresponding photovoltaic module is working normally, and when it is no longer in the corresponding range, it indicates that the corresponding photovoltaic module is working abnormally.
  • the abnormally working photovoltaic module can be separated from the photovoltaic module group corresponding to the switch, so that other photovoltaic modules in the photovoltaic module group can output voltage to the DC bus normally, so as to ensure the photovoltaic system normal work.
  • Figure 8 is a structural block diagram of a control device for a switch provided by the present invention, the device includes:
  • Memory 81 used to store computer programs
  • the processor 82 is configured to realize the above-mentioned control method of the circuit breaker when executing the computer program.
  • the present application also provides a control device for a circuit breaker.
  • a control device for a circuit breaker provided in the present application, please refer to the above-mentioned embodiments, and the present application will not repeat it here.
  • a switch comprising the control device of the above switch, N main switch tubes corresponding to the N photovoltaic modules one-to-one, and N bypass switch tubes corresponding to the N photovoltaic components one-to-one;
  • the positive terminal of the power supply of the processor is connected to the positive output terminal of the first photovoltaic module
  • the negative terminal of the power supply of the processor is connected to the negative output terminal of the i-th photovoltaic module
  • the first terminal of the first main switching tube is the positive output terminal of the switch.
  • the second terminal of the i-th main switching tube is connected to the output positive terminal of the i-th photovoltaic module
  • the first terminal of the i+1th main switch is connected to the output negative terminal of the i-th photovoltaic module
  • the output negative terminal of the N-th photovoltaic module end is the output negative terminal of the switch
  • the first end of the bypass switch tube is connected to the first end of the corresponding main switch tube
  • the second end of the bypass switch tube is connected to the output negative terminal of the corresponding photovoltaic module
  • N ⁇ i ⁇ 1 both N and i are integers.
  • the present application also provides a disconnector.
  • a disconnector for the introduction of the disconnector provided in the present application, please refer to the above-mentioned embodiments, and the present application will not repeat it here.
  • each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on the difference from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts of each embodiment can be referred to each other.
  • the description is relatively simple, and for the related information, please refer to the description of the method part.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
  • Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)

Abstract

一种关断器的控制方法、装置及关断器，在接收到心跳信号后N个主开关管导通，从而N个光伏组件可以通过N个对应的主开关管输出直流电；若N个主开关管导通后，处理器出现供电电压异常，也即关断器中的处理器的供电电压小于自身的第一欠压保护电压时，控制N个旁路开关管导通，并控制N个主开关管关断，以将与关断器对应的N个光伏组件及N个主开关管从与逆变器连接的多个串联的光伏组件组中分离出去，以使其他的关断器对应的光伏组件组可以正常输出直流电压至逆变器，从而使逆变器可以正常输出交流电以并入电网，以使光伏系统正常工作，提高了光伏系统的可靠性。

Description

一种关断器的控制方法、装置及关断器
本申请要求于2021年06月11日提交至中国专利局、申请号为202110655815.3、发明名称为“一种关断器的控制方法、装置及关断器”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及光伏发电系统安全保护领域，特别是涉及一种关断器的控制方法、装置及关断器。
背景技术
由于太阳能的可再生性和清洁性，光伏并网发电技术得以迅猛发展，通常的光伏系统中包括多个串联的光伏组件组，并将串联后的光伏组件组通过直流电缆接入逆变器，以使逆变器将多个光伏组件组输出的直流高压电转换为交流高压电以并入电网。其中，每个光伏组件组包括N个光伏组件，N为正整数，且N个光伏组件之间相互串联。
现有技术中，为了保证光伏系统供电的安全性，通常逆变器会设置有防电弧保护，具体地，在检测到电弧时控制逆变器停止工作，但是在逆变器停止工作之后，多个光伏组件组的输出端连接的直流电缆上依旧会输出直流高压电，可能会导致人身危险或者火灾事故。
为解决上述技术问题，现有技术中还在每个光伏组件组的输出端设置有关断器，关断器的输出端串联后接入逆变器，在出现电弧时，控制关断器关断，以减小直流电缆上的直流电压，避免导致人身危险及安全事故。但是由于多个关断器之间串联连接，若其中某个关断器不能正常工作，则各光伏组件组均不能输出直流电至直流电缆上，导致逆变器无法将交流电并入电网，造成光伏系统工作异常。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种关断器的控制方法、装置及关断器，关断器中的处理器的供电电压小于自身的第一欠压保护电压时，控制N个旁路开 关管导通，并控制N个主开关管关断，以将与关断器对应的N个光伏组件及N个主开关管从与逆变器连接的多个串联的光伏组件组中分离出去，以使其他的关断器对应的光伏组件组可以正常输出直流电压至逆变器，从而使逆变器可以正常输出交流电以并入电网，以使光伏系统正常工作，提高了光伏系统的可靠性。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种关断器的控制方法，应用于关断器中的处理器，所述关断器包括与N个光伏组件一一对应的N个主开关管及与N个所述光伏组件一一对应的N个旁路开关管；
所述处理器的电源正端与第一光伏组件的输出正端连接，所述处理器的电源负端与所述第i光伏组件的输出负端连接，第一主开关管的第一端为所述关断器的输出正端，第i主开关管的第二端与第i光伏组件的输出正端连接，第i+1主开关管的第一端与所述第i光伏组件的输出负端连接，第N光伏组件的输出负端为所述关断器的输出负端，所述旁路开关管的第一端与对应的所述主开关管的第一端连接，所述旁路开关管的第二端与对应的所述光伏组件的输出负端连接，N≥i≥1，且N和i均为整数；
所述控制方法包括：
在接收到心跳信号后控制N个所述主开关管导通；
判断所述处理器自身的供电电压是否小于第一欠压保护电压；
若是，则控制N个所述主开关管断开，并控制N个所述旁路开关管闭合。
优选地，判断所述处理器自身的供电电压是否小于第一欠压保护电压之前，还包括：
判断所述处理器自身的所述供电电压是否小于第二欠压保护电压，所述第二欠压保护电压小于所述第一欠压保护电压；
若所述供电电压不小于所述第二欠压保护电压，则进入判断所述处理器自身的供电电压是否小于第一欠压保护电压的步骤；
若所述供电电压小于所述第二欠压保护电压，则控制所述处理器自身掉电，并在接收重新上电指令后控制自身上电，并进入判断所述处理器自身的所述供电电压是否小于第二欠压保护电压的步骤。
优选地，所述旁路开关管为晶体场效应管MOS管，所述MOS管包括体二极管；
控制N个所述主开关管断开之后，还包括：
获取通过所述旁路开关管的旁路电流；
判断所述旁路电流是否大于预设电流；
若是，则进入控制N个所述旁路开关闭合的步骤。
优选地，判断所述旁路电流是否大于预设电流，包括：
判断所述旁路电流是否在第一预设时间内持续大于所述预设电流；
若所述旁路电流在所述第一预设时间内持续大于所述预设电流，则进入控制N个所述旁路开关闭合的步骤。
优选地，控制N个所述主开关管断开，并控制N个所述旁路开关管闭合之后，还包括：
判断N个所述旁路开关管闭合的时间是否达到第二预设时间；
若是，则控制N个所述旁路开关管断开，并进入控制N个所述主开关管导通的步骤。
优选地，控制N个所述主开关管导通，包括：
控制N个所述主开关管错峰导通；
控制N个所述旁路开关管断开，包括：
控制N个旁路开关管断开的顺序与对应的N个主开关管错峰导通的顺序相同。
优选地，判断所述处理器自身的供电电压是否小于第一欠压保护电压之后，还包括：
若自身的供电电压不小于自身的第一欠压保护电压，则获取N个所述光伏组件的工作信息；
基于所述工作信息判断N个所述光伏组件是否存在工作异常的光伏组件；
若存在工作异常的光伏组件，则控制与工作异常的所述光伏组件对应的所述主开关管断开及对应的所述旁路开关管导通。
为解决上述技术问题，本申请还提供了一种关断器的控制装置，包括：
存储器，用于存储计算机程序；
处理器，用于在执行所述计算机程序时，实现上述所述的关断器的控制方法。
为解决上述技术问题，本申请还提供了一种关断器，包括上述所述的关断器的控制装置、与N个光伏组件一一对应的N个主开关管及与N个所述光伏组件一一对应的N个旁路开关管；
所述处理器的电源正端与第一光伏组件的输出正端连接，所述处理器的电源负端与所述第i光伏组件的输出负端连接，第一主开关管的第一端为所述关断器的输出正端，第i主开关管的第二端与第i光伏组件的输出正端连接，第i+1主开关的第一端与所述第i光伏组件的输出负端连接，第N光伏组件的输出负端为所述关断器的输出负端，所述旁路开关管的第一端与对应的所述主开关管的第一端连接，所述旁路开关管的第二端与对应的所述光伏组件的输出负端连接，N≥i≥1，且N和i均为整数。
优选地，还包括二极管、第一电容及第二电容；
所述二极管的阳极与第一光伏组件的输出正端连接，所述二极管的阴极分别与所述第一电容的第一端及所述处理器的电源正端连接，所述第一电容的第二端分别与所述第一光伏组件的输出负端及所述第二电容的第一端连接，所述第二电容的第一端分别与所述处理器的电源输出端及所述关断器中的用电设备的电源端连接；
所述处理器还用于将自身的电源正端的电压进行转换以为所述关断器中的用电设备供电。
本申请提供了一种关断器的控制方法、装置及关断器，在接收到心跳信号后N个主开关管导通，从而N个光伏组件可以通过N个对应的主开关管输出直流电；若N个主开关管导通后，处理器出现供电电压异常，也即关断器中的处理器的供电电压小于自身的第一欠压保护电压时，控制N个旁路开关管导通，并控制N个主开关管关断，以将与关断器对应的N个光伏组件及N个主开关管从与逆变器连接的多个串联的光伏组件组中分离出去，以使其他的关断器对应的光伏组件组可以正常输出直流电压至逆变 器，从而使逆变器可以正常输出交流电以并入电网，以使光伏系统正常工作，提高了光伏系统的可靠性。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案，下面将对现有技术和实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明提供的一种关断器的控制方法的流程示意图；
图2为本发明提供的一种关断器的具体实现电路图；
图3为本发明提供的第一种关断器的控制时序图；
图4为本发明提供的处理器不掉电时对应的关断器的控制时序图；
图5为本发明提供的处理器不掉电时的旁路开关管的控制流程示意图；
图6为本发明提供的处理器掉电时对应的关断器的控制时序图；
图7为本发明提供的处理器掉电时的旁路开关管的控制流程示意图；
图8为本发明提供的一种关断器的控制装置的结构框图。
具体实施方式
本发明的核心是提供一种关断器的控制方法、装置及关断器，关断器中的处理器的供电电压小于自身的第一欠压保护电压时，控制N个旁路开关管导通，并控制N个主开关管关断，以将与关断器对应的N个光伏组件及N个主开关管从与逆变器连接的多个串联的光伏组件组中分离出去，以使其他的关断器对应的光伏组件组可以正常输出直流电压至逆变器，从而使逆变器可以正常输出交流电以并入电网，以使光伏系统正常工作，提高了光伏系统的可靠性。
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
请参照图1，图1为本发明提供的一种关断器的控制方法的流程示意图，该控制方法应用于关断器中的处理器，关断器包括与N个光伏组件一一对应的N个主开关管及与N个光伏组件一一对应的N个旁路开关管；
处理器的电源正端与第一光伏组件的输出正端连接，处理器的电源负端与第i光伏组件的输出负端连接，第一主开关管的第一端为关断器的输出正端，第i主开关管的第二端与第i光伏组件的输出正端连接，第i+1主开关管的第一端与第i光伏组件的输出负端连接，第N光伏组件的输出负端为关断器的输出负端，旁路开关管的第一端与对应的主开关管的第一端连接，旁路开关管的第二端与对应的光伏组件的输出负端连接，N≥i≥1，且N和i均为整数；
该控制方法包括：
S11：在接收到心跳信号后控制N个主开关管导通；
S12：判断处理器自身的供电电压是否小于第一欠压保护电压；
S13：若是，则控制N个主开关管断开，并控制N个旁路开关管闭合。
考虑到多个光伏组件组之间通过关断器串联之后输出直流电，然后逆变器将直流电转换为交流电并入电网，因此，关断器的稳定工作对整个光伏系统的稳定运行起着至关重要的作用，具体地，若其中某个关断器出现故障，则导致所有的光伏组件无法输出直流电至直流电缆上，此时导致整个光伏系统无法将交流电并入电网。
为解决上述技术问题，本申请的设计思路为：设计一种关断器的控制方法以保证关断器能够正常稳定的工作，或者是能将出现故障的关断器从多个串联的光伏组件组中隔离出来，以使其他的光伏组件组能够通过对应的关断器输出直流电至直流电缆上，以使逆变器仍然可以将直流电缆上的直流电转换为交流电以并入电网，从而实现光伏系统的正常工作。
基于此，本申请提供了一种控制方法，用于根据处理器中的供电电压的情况，控制关断器工作，以实现光伏系统的正常运行。具体地，处理器的供电电压为对应的光伏组件组中的几个光伏组件输出的直流电，在接收到系统控制器发送的心跳信号，对应的N个主开关管开通，此时，几个光 伏组件输出的直流电不仅为处理器供电，还会通过对应的主开关管将直流电输出至直流电缆上。N个主开关管的导通可能会使处理器的供电电压降低，可能会达到处理器的第一欠压保护电压，造成处理器工作不正常，则可能会导致控制关断器不可靠。因此，本申请中在处理器的供电电压小于自身的第一欠压保护电压时，控制对应的N个开关管断开，并控制对应的N个旁路开关管闭合，以使N个旁路开关管将N个光伏组件组成的光伏组件组从多个串联的光伏组件组中分离出来，以使其他的光伏组件组可以正常输出直流电至直流电缆上，以保证光伏系统的正常运行。
其中，需要说明的是，本申请中第一欠压保护电压是为了保护处理器正常工作一个保护电压，控制N个主开关管关断之后的目的是为了使处理器的供电电压能够有所回升，从而使处理器能正常工作。
请参照图2及图3，图2为本发明提供的一种关断器的具体实现电路图，图3为本发明提供的第一种关断器的控制时序图。
作为一种优选的实施例，还包括二极管D1、第一电容C1及第二电容C2；
二极管D1的阳极与第一光伏组件的输出正端连接，二极管D1的阴极分别与第一电容C1的第一端及处理器的电源正端连接，第一电容C1的第二端分别与第一光伏组件的输出负端及第二电容C2的第一端连接，第二电容C2的第一端分别与处理器的电源输出端及关断器中的用电设备的电源端连接；
处理器还用于将自身的电源正端的电压进行转换以为关断器中的用电设备供电。
具体地，光伏组件输出的电压通过二极管D1给第一电容C1充电，第一电容C1的电压为处理器的供电电压。同样的，处理器的电源输出端的电源为第二电容C2供电，第二电容C2的第一端的电压可以为其他的用电设备供电。
此外，在光伏组件不输出电压时，由于电容本身具有储能的能力，即使光伏组件不输出电压，第一电容C1在一段时间内也是可以为处理器供 电，以使处理器不断电，同样的，第二电容C2也可以保证其供电的用电设备在一段时间内可以正常工作。
一般情况下，处理器用于将自身的供电电压作降压处理以为低压设备供电，因此，对应的第一电容C1为容量较大且对应的封装体积和成本均比较大的电容，例如第一电容C1的第一段的电压为百十伏的电压，第二电容C2的容量及对应的封装体积和成本均比较大相对较小，例如第二电容C2的第一端的电压为20伏左右。此时，由于在光伏组件不输出电压时，第二电容C2的电源主要来源于第一电容C1，也即是第一电容C1中储存的电容不仅为处理器供电，还为与处理器的电源输出端连接的用电设备供电。此时，我们可以相适应的使第二电容C2的容量稍大(例如使第二电容C2的第一端的电压增大为25伏)，第一电容C1的容量稍小(例如使第一电容C1的第一端的电压减小为80V)，这样第二电容C2储存的能量较多，从第一电容C1处取的能量较少，第一电容C1的容量设置的可以小一点，对应的可以大大减小第一电容C1与第二电容C2的封装体积及成本。
此外，在上述实施例的基础上：本申请中的处理器可以是一个处理器，也可以包括两个分离的处理器，例如在处理器包括第一处理器及第二处理器时，在关断器对应的光伏组件数目为2时(为方便对本发明进行描述，接下来的实施例均以光伏组件数目、主开关管个数及旁路开关管的个数为2进行说明)，如图2及图3所示，其中，Vin2+为第一光伏组件输出的电压，VIN为处理器的供电电压，具体为第一处理器的供电电压，也即是第一电容C1的第一端的电容，V2为处理器输出的供电电压，具体为第二处理器的供电电压，也即是第二电容C2的第一端的电压，IN_EN为内部逻辑信号，Transmitter_ON为心跳信号，Trans_SET为第二处理器在接收到心跳信号后向第一处理器发送的开启信号，此时，对应的，第一处理器具体用于在接收到开启信号后控制N个主开关管导通，在未接收到开启信号时，控制N个主开关管关断，并控制N个旁路开关管闭合。
综上，本申请在N个主开关管导通后，处理器若出现供电电压异常，也即关断器中的处理器的供电电压小于自身的第一欠压保护电压时，控制N个旁路开关管导通，并控制N个主开关管关断，以将与关断器对应的N 个光伏组件及N个主开关管从与逆变器连接的多个串联的光伏组件组中分离出去，以使其他的关断器对应的光伏组件组可以正常输出直流电压至逆变器，从而使逆变器可以正常输出交流电以并入电网，以使光伏系统正常工作，提高了光伏系统的可靠性。
在上述实施例的基础上：
作为一种优选的实施例，旁路开关管为MOS(Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor，金氧半场效晶体管)管，MOS管包括体二极管D1；
控制N个主开关管断开之后，还包括：
获取通过旁路开关管的旁路电流；
判断旁路电流是否大于预设电流；
若是，则进入控制N个旁路开关闭合的步骤。
具体地，本实施例中的旁路开关管可以但不限于为MOS管，在其为MOS管时，由于MOS管中包括体二极管D1，关闭主开关管后MOS管中的体二极管D1会有旁路电流通过，但是旁路电流过大时，可能会导致体二极管D1发热严重，进而可能会损坏MOS管。
为解决上述技术问题，本申请在旁路电流大于预设电流时，控制旁路开关管导通，以避免MOS管发热严重，保证系统的安全性。
作为一种优选的实施例，判断旁路电流是否大于预设电流，包括：
判断旁路电流是否在第一预设时间内持续大于预设电流；
若旁路电流在第一预设时间内持续大于预设电流，则进入控制N个旁路开关闭合的步骤。
本申请中的控制方法中的设置有第一预设时间是为了保证判断的旁路电路大于预设电流的稳定性，也即是，旁路电流在第一预设时间内稳定大于预设电流时，才控制N个旁路开关管闭合。
具体地，考虑到可能会存在由于干扰或者其他因素，导致旁路电流可能只在短时间内存在大于预设电流，若在旁路电流大于预设电流时，直接 控制N个旁路开关管动作，可能会导致误动作，或者导致旁路开关管频繁动作，可能会导致关断器的损坏。
因此，本申请中设置了第一预设时间，以保证对旁路电流判断的稳定性，以保证系统工作的可靠性，避免系统中的开关管损坏。
作为一种优选的实施例，控制N个主开关管断开，并控制N个旁路开关管闭合之后，还包括：
判断N个旁路开关管闭合的时间是否达到第二预设时间；
若是，则控制N个旁路开关管断开，并进入控制N个主开关管导通的步骤。
在控制旁路开关管导通之后，为了使处理器的供电电压回升，以达到可以使处理器正常工作的电压。且为了能够了解处理器的供电电压是否恢复至正常工作的供电电压，本实施例的方式为：在进入旁路模式(N个旁路开关管导通，N个主开关管关断时)第二预设时间后，退出旁路模式，进而控制主开关管导通，旁路开关管关断，若此时，处理器供电电压正常，则整个关断器进入正常工作模式，否则重新进入旁路模式。也即，本实施例通过间歇式的方式判定是否控制关断器退出旁路模式。
作为一种优选的实施例，控制N个主开关管导通，包括：
控制N个主开关管错峰导通；
控制N个旁路开关管断开，包括：
控制N个旁路开关管断开的顺序与对应的N个主开关管错峰导通的顺序相同。
具体地，为了避免直通损坏，若N个主开关管同时导通，在母线上的电压及各主开关管上的电流会忽然增大，此时，可能会由于电压突变或电流突变，造成对光伏系统的损害。
为解决上述技术问题，本申请在控制N个主开关管导通时，控制N个主开关管错峰导通，以使电压或电流逐渐增大，避免对光伏系统造成损害，其中对于N个主开关管错峰导通的时间本申请在此不做特别的限定。对应的控制N个旁路开关管错峰断开。
具体地，N为2时，也即，一个关断器对应两个光伏组件、两个主开关管及两个旁路开关管时，若本申请中的主开关管及旁路开关管为NMOS管时，如图2及图3所示，图3中的Bypass_C为旁路电流，Ith_1为预设电流，IN3为内部逻辑信号，g1、g2、g3和g4分别为M1、M2、M3和M4的控制信号，其中，M1、M2、M3和M4在控制信号为高电平时导通。从图3可以看出，在旁路电流大于预设电流Td3(第一预设时间)时，IN3为高电平，若对应的主开关管为关断的状态，则对应的旁路开关管导通，具体地，g4的电平状态是由IN3和g3的逻辑确定的，g2的电平状态是由IN3和g1的电平逻辑确定的。此外由图6可以看出，M3比M1早导通T4(错峰时间)，对应的旁路开关管M4比M2早关断T4时间。
在采用间歇式启动的方式时，旁路开关管中错峰关断时，关断的旁路开关管关断的时间相对比下一次导通的对应的主开关管的时间提前Td2小时，也可以是其他的时间，本申请在此不做特别的限定。
综上，本实施例的方式可以检测处理器是否恢复正常工作，并在其正常工作时，控制关断器对应的光伏组件组正常输出直流电，在其仍旧异常时，控制其进入旁路模式。
作为一种优选的实施例，判断处理器自身的供电电压是否小于第一欠压保护电压之前，还包括：
判断处理器自身的供电电压是否小于第二欠压保护电压，第二欠压保护电压小于第一欠压保护电压；
若供电电压不小于第二欠压保护电压，则进入判断处理器自身的供电电压是否小于第一欠压保护电压的步骤；
若供电电压小于第二欠压保护电压，则控制处理器自身掉电，并在接收重新上电指令后控制自身上电，并进入判断处理器自身的供电电压是否小于第二欠压保护电压的步骤。
具体地，在第一欠压保护电压只是为了使处理器的供电电压有所回升，第一欠压保护电压为一个不会是处理器掉电的电压，达到第二欠压保护电压之后会控制处理器掉电，掉电之后会尽可能减小处理器掉电的时间，从而使处理器尽快上电。
此外，在处理器包括第一处理器及第二处理器时，第一欠压保护电压为使第一处理器不掉电的电压，此时第一处理器U1可以一直带电，从而实现对整个系统的控制。
请参照图4，图4为本发明提供的处理器不掉电时对应的关断器的控制时序图，通过第一欠压保护电压使处理器(具体为第一处理器)不掉电而控制第二电容C2的第一端的供电控制的逻辑，使得旁路工作一直在第一处理器持续在电过程中工作。为了维持第一处理器的供电电压VIN，同时使得g1的控制持续T8时间，T8时间的延时是考虑M1在开通时VIN电压下降，下降到U1的欠压保护电压的时候，控制g1为低电平关断M1，使得输入电压Vin 2+上升，重新开始开启过程，进行旁路开关管的开通。请参照图5，图5为本发明提供的处理器不掉电时的旁路开关管的控制流程示意图。其中，关断器上电后启动，检测旁路电流Bypass_C，检测旁路开关管的控制信号电平，如果是低电平，退出旁路模式，并继续检测旁路电流；如果是高电平，表示这时候旁路开关管是导通的，这时候控制旁路开关管的工作，并没有到达设定时间t7的时候，重复上面的工作，到达t7之后，关断旁路开关管M2和M4，开通主开关管M1和M3，如果主控芯片U1的供电VIN降低到欠压保护值，U1重新启动控制模式。如果主控芯片U1的供电VIN保持稳定，不降低到欠压保护，就退出旁路控制模式。
请参照图6，图6为本发明提供的处理器掉电时对应的关断器的控制时序图，请参照图7，图7为本发明提供的处理器掉电时的旁路开关管的控制流程示意图。整体和上述的图4和图5类似，只是最后一步如果主控芯片U1的供电VIN降低到第二欠压保护电压时，第一处理器会掉电，就控制第一处理器重新上电，并重启旁路控制模式。如果主控芯片U1的供电VIN保持稳定，就退出旁路控制模式。
作为一种优选的实施例，判断处理器自身的供电电压是否小于第一欠压保护电压之后，还包括：
若自身的供电电压不小于自身的第一欠压保护电压，则获取N个光伏组件的工作信息；
基于工作信息判断N个光伏组件是否存在工作异常的光伏组件；
若存在工作异常的光伏组件，则控制与工作异常的光伏组件对应的主开关管断开及对应的旁路开关管导通。
考虑到关断器对应的光伏组件中可能会存在遮挡等短板问题时可能会导致该组件输出的电压及电流异常，进而影响整个光伏系统的工作。
为解决上述技术问题，本申请中在光伏组件通过对应的主开关管输出直流电至母线上时，还获取各光伏组件的工作信息，并根据其判断对应的光伏组件是否异常，若异常，则控制对应的旁路开关管导通，以将异常的光伏组件及主开关管短路，进而从关断器对应的光伏组件组中分离出来，以使光伏组件组中的其他光伏组件可以通过导通的旁路开关管正常输出直流电。
具体的，获取光伏组件的工作信息可以但不限于包括获取光伏组件的输出电压和/或工作电流，在其输出电压在预设的电压范围内和/或输出电流在预设的电流范围内时，表示对应的光伏组件工作正常，在其不再对应的范围内时，表示对应的光伏组件工作异常。
综上，通过上述实现方式可以将工作异常的光伏组件从该关断器对应的光伏组件组中分离出来，以使光伏组件组中的其他光伏组件可以正常输出电压至直流母线，以保证光伏系统的正常工作。
此外，需要说明的是，本申请中的所有的逻辑控制不仅可以使用软件算法实现，也可以通过与或门等硬件的形式实现，本申请在此不做特别的限定。
请参照图8，图8为本发明提供的一种关断器的控制装置的结构框图，该装置包括：
存储器81，用于存储计算机程序；
处理器82，用于在执行计算机程序时，实现上述的关断器的控制方法。
为解决上述技术问题，本申请还提供了一种关断器的控制装置，对于本申请提供的关断器的控制装置的介绍请参照上述实施例，本申请在此不再赘述。
一种关断器，包括上述的关断器的控制装置、与N个光伏组件一一对应的N个主开关管及与N个光伏组件一一对应的N个旁路开关管；
处理器的电源正端与第一光伏组件的输出正端连接，处理器的电源负端与第i光伏组件的输出负端连接，第一主开关管的第一端为关断器的输出正端，第i主开关管的第二端与第i光伏组件的输出正端连接，第i+1主开关的第一端与第i光伏组件的输出负端连接，第N光伏组件的输出负端为关断器的输出负端，旁路开关管的第一端与对应的主开关管的第一端连接，旁路开关管的第二端与对应的光伏组件的输出负端连接，N≥i≥1，且N和i均为整数。
为解决上述技术问题，本申请还提供了一种关断器，对于本申请提供的关断器的介绍请参照上述实施例，本申请在此不再赘述。
本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。对于实施例公开的装置而言，由于其与实施例公开的方法相对应，所以描述的比较简单，相关之处参见方法部分说明即可。
还需要说明的是，在本说明书中，诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其他实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些 实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种关断器的控制方法，其特征在于，应用于关断器中的处理器，所述关断器包括与N个光伏组件一一对应的N个主开关管及与N个所述光伏组件一一对应的N个旁路开关管；
    所述处理器的电源正端与第一光伏组件的输出正端连接，所述处理器的电源负端与所述第i光伏组件的输出负端连接，第一主开关管的第一端为所述关断器的输出正端，第i主开关管的第二端与第i光伏组件的输出正端连接，第i+1主开关管的第一端与所述第i光伏组件的输出负端连接，第N光伏组件的输出负端为所述关断器的输出负端，所述旁路开关管的第一端与对应的所述主开关管的第一端连接，所述旁路开关管的第二端与对应的所述光伏组件的输出负端连接，N≥i≥1，且N和i均为整数；
    所述控制方法包括：
    在接收到心跳信号后控制N个所述主开关管导通；
    判断所述处理器自身的供电电压是否小于第一欠压保护电压；
    若是，则控制N个所述主开关管断开，并控制N个所述旁路开关管闭合。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的关断器的控制方法，其特征在于，判断所述处理器自身的供电电压是否小于第一欠压保护电压之前，还包括：
    判断所述处理器自身的所述供电电压是否小于第二欠压保护电压，所述第二欠压保护电压小于所述第一欠压保护电压；
    若所述供电电压不小于所述第二欠压保护电压，则进入判断所述处理器自身的供电电压是否小于第一欠压保护电压的步骤；
    若所述供电电压小于所述第二欠压保护电压，则控制所述处理器自身掉电，并在接收重新上电指令后控制自身上电，并进入判断所述处理器自身的所述供电电压是否小于第二欠压保护电压的步骤。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的关断器的控制方法，其特征在于，所述旁路开关管为晶体场效应管MOS管，所述MOS管包括体二极管；
    控制N个所述主开关管断开之后，还包括：
    获取通过所述旁路开关管的旁路电流；
    判断所述旁路电流是否大于预设电流；
    若是，则进入控制N个所述旁路开关闭合的步骤。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的关断器的控制方法，其特征在于，判断所述旁路电流是否大于预设电流，包括：
    判断所述旁路电流是否在第一预设时间内持续大于所述预设电流；
    若所述旁路电流在所述第一预设时间内持续大于所述预设电流，则进入控制N个所述旁路开关闭合的步骤。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的关断器的控制方法，其特征在于，控制N个所述主开关管断开，并控制N个所述旁路开关管闭合之后，还包括：
    判断N个所述旁路开关管闭合的时间是否达到第二预设时间；
    若是，则控制N个所述旁路开关管断开，并进入控制N个所述主开关管导通的步骤。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的关断器的控制方法，其特征在于，控制N个所述主开关管导通，包括：
    控制N个所述主开关管错峰导通；
    控制N个所述旁路开关管断开，包括：
    控制N个旁路开关管断开的顺序与对应的N个主开关管错峰导通的顺序相同。
  7. 如权利要求1-6任一项所述的关断器的控制方法，其特征在于，判断所述处理器自身的供电电压是否小于第一欠压保护电压之后，还包括：
    若自身的供电电压不小于自身的第一欠压保护电压，则获取N个所述光伏组件的工作信息；
    基于所述工作信息判断N个所述光伏组件是否存在工作异常的光伏组件；
    若存在工作异常的光伏组件，则控制与工作异常的所述光伏组件对应的所述主开关管断开及对应的所述旁路开关管导通。
  8. 一种关断器的控制装置，其特征在于，包括：
    存储器，用于存储计算机程序；
    处理器，用于在执行所述计算机程序时，实现如权利要求1-7任一项所述的关断器的控制方法。
  9. 一种关断器，其特征在于，包括如权利要求8所述的关断器的控制装置、与N个光伏组件一一对应的N个主开关管及与N个所述光伏组件一一对应的N个旁路开关管；
    所述处理器的电源正端与第一光伏组件的输出正端连接，所述处理器的电源负端与所述第i光伏组件的输出负端连接，第一主开关管的第一端为所述关断器的输出正端，第i主开关管的第二端与第i光伏组件的输出正端连接，第i+1主开关的第一端与所述第i光伏组件的输出负端连接，第N光伏组件的输出负端为所述关断器的输出负端，所述旁路开关管的第一端与对应的所述主开关管的第一端连接，所述旁路开关管的第二端与对应的所述光伏组件的输出负端连接，N≥i≥1，且N和i均为整数。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的关断器，其特征在于，还包括二极管、第一电容及第二电容；
    所述二极管的阳极与第一光伏组件的输出正端连接，所述二极管的阴极分别与所述第一电容的第一端及所述处理器的电源正端连接，所述第一电容的第二端分别与所述第一光伏组件的输出负端及所述第二电容的第一端连接，所述第二电容的第一端分别与所述处理器的电源输出端及所述关断器中的用电设备的电源端连接；
    所述处理器还用于将自身的电源正端的电压进行转换以为所述关断器中的用电设备供电。
PCT/CN2021/105164 2021-06-11 2021-07-08 一种关断器的控制方法、装置及关断器 WO2022257215A1 (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110655815.3A CN115473259A (zh) 2021-06-11 2021-06-11 一种关断器的控制方法、装置及关断器
CN202110655815.3 2021-06-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2022257215A1 true WO2022257215A1 (zh) 2022-12-15

Family

ID=84364078

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2021/105164 WO2022257215A1 (zh) 2021-06-11 2021-07-08 一种关断器的控制方法、装置及关断器

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN115473259A (zh)
WO (1) WO2022257215A1 (zh)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20140306542A1 (en) * 2013-04-11 2014-10-16 Draker, Inc. Switch Disconnect Circuit for Solar Arrays
CN208257762U (zh) * 2018-05-23 2018-12-18 嘉兴爱索乐信息技术有限公司 一种低成本光伏关断控制器及控制系统
CN109474020A (zh) * 2019-01-09 2019-03-15 无锡硅动力微电子股份有限公司 一种光伏组件智能关断系统及其方法
CN111934352A (zh) * 2020-10-09 2020-11-13 浙江英达威芯电子有限公司 光伏系统及其关断器件的控制方法、开关控制装置
CN113489052A (zh) * 2021-06-11 2021-10-08 浙江英达威芯电子有限公司 一种关断设备的控制方法、装置及关断设备

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20140306542A1 (en) * 2013-04-11 2014-10-16 Draker, Inc. Switch Disconnect Circuit for Solar Arrays
CN208257762U (zh) * 2018-05-23 2018-12-18 嘉兴爱索乐信息技术有限公司 一种低成本光伏关断控制器及控制系统
CN109474020A (zh) * 2019-01-09 2019-03-15 无锡硅动力微电子股份有限公司 一种光伏组件智能关断系统及其方法
CN111934352A (zh) * 2020-10-09 2020-11-13 浙江英达威芯电子有限公司 光伏系统及其关断器件的控制方法、开关控制装置
CN113489052A (zh) * 2021-06-11 2021-10-08 浙江英达威芯电子有限公司 一种关断设备的控制方法、装置及关断设备

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN115473259A (zh) 2022-12-13

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2021208632A1 (zh) 一种快速关断方法、光伏组件关断器和光伏系统
US20170310239A1 (en) Cascaded h-bridge inverter and method for handling fault thereof
CN109088431B (zh) 一种光伏组件的关断设备、方法及光伏系统
CN111697809B (zh) 一种开关电源及其控制方法
EP3297117A1 (en) Distributed power system, dc-dc converter, and power conditioner
CN109787269B (zh) 光伏组件快速关断系统及关断后的重启方法
US20160094148A1 (en) Photovoltaic system and method for controlling the same
CN112868153B (zh) 一种应用于光伏发电系统的变换器、方法及系统
CN115663769B (zh) 光伏发电系统直流并联电弧保护及定位系统和方法
CN113078878A (zh) 一种pv串优化器及其短路保护方法
CN109980690B (zh) 一种组件关断器的控制方法及组件关断器
WO2023159687A1 (zh) 一种关断器控制方法、系统、装置及关断控制器
CN109245711B (zh) 一种光伏系统安全保护设备
WO2022257214A1 (zh) 一种关断设备的控制方法、装置及关断设备
WO2022257215A1 (zh) 一种关断器的控制方法、装置及关断器
US9716445B2 (en) Inverter grid-connected system and method for implementing three-phase alternating current grid-connected transition
US11784494B2 (en) Direct current power supply system, photovoltaic system, energy storage system, and optical storage system
CN109818569B (zh) 用于光伏组件的并联式关断系统及关断后重新启动的方法
WO2022199341A1 (zh) 光伏组件关断器、逆变器、光伏快速关断系统及其启动方法
EP3451522B1 (en) System including a power supply control apparatus and a switching device, distributed power supply sytem comprising the system and control method for the power supply control apparatus
CN114678843A (zh) 一种关断器及其关断方法、光伏系统
US11217993B2 (en) Conversion system with high voltage side and low voltage side
CN210640722U (zh) 一种电池开关电路以及包含该电路的供电管理系统
CN110870154A (zh) 功率调节器、电力系统以及电力系统的无效电力抑制方法
CN109818568B (zh) 用于光伏组件的串联式关断系统及关断后重新启动的方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 21944719

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 18568821

Country of ref document: US

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 21944719

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1