WO2022254392A1 - Method of determining the state of safety (sos) of a rechargeable battery - Google Patents
Method of determining the state of safety (sos) of a rechargeable battery Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022254392A1 WO2022254392A1 PCT/IB2022/055189 IB2022055189W WO2022254392A1 WO 2022254392 A1 WO2022254392 A1 WO 2022254392A1 IB 2022055189 W IB2022055189 W IB 2022055189W WO 2022254392 A1 WO2022254392 A1 WO 2022254392A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- battery
- safety
- state
- value
- calculated
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/12—Measuring rate of change
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/3644—Constructional arrangements
- G01R31/3648—Constructional arrangements comprising digital calculation means, e.g. for performing an algorithm
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/389—Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
- G08B21/18—Status alarms
- G08B21/185—Electrical failure alarms
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/60—Thermal-PV hybrids
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of determining the state of safety (SOS) of a rechargeable battery.
- SOS state of safety
- SOS state of safety
- CN110696624A discloses a safety monitoring and early warning method comprising the steps of monitoring the environment temperature in a battery box for battery energy storage, and determining the safety state level of the battery box based on the environment temperature; if the environment temperature is smaller than a first pre-set temperature value, determining that the safety state level is a first-level state; if the environment temperature is equal to or greater than a first pre-set temperature value and less than a second pre-set temperature value, determining that the safety state level is a secondary state, and blocking a heat production chemical reaction of a defective battery in the battery box; if the environment temperature is equal to or greater than the second pre-set temperature value, determining that the safety state level is the pre- set dangerous state level according to the parameter values measured by the multiple sensors arranged in the battery box, so that the safety state of the battery is divided into multiple levels according to the environment temperature and other parameter values, and a manager can take
- CN106842043A provides a test method for safety grade evaluation of a lithium ion battery.
- the test method comprises three of the following six types of test methods: short circuit, overcharging, over discharging, heating, extruding, and needling.
- An aim of the present invention is to satisfy the above mentioned needs.
- Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a battery whose state is determined by the method of the present invention.
- ⁇ Figure 2 is a flow chart describing the steps of the method of the present invention.
- numeral 1 indicates a battery (or a number of batteries) that are designed to supply power to an electric appliance 3 such as an inverter providing power supply to one (or more) electric motors M of an electric vehicle (not shown).
- An electronic unit 4 is connected through a can network
- SOS state of safety
- the method comprises the following steps.
- Measuring (block 100) a group of different k variables Vi(t), V2(t), .. V k (t) that are used for characterizing the state of safety of the battery 1.
- Examples of measured variables Vi(t), V2(t),... V k( t) belonging to the group are one or more of the following:
- Direct current internal resistance whose measuring unit is Ohm.
- Direct current internal resistance represents the resistance of current flowing through the battery 1.
- the value of DCIR is not fixed, and varies depending on multiple factors, such as battery materials, electrolyte concentration, temperature, and depth of discharge.
- the measuring unit is °C.
- Average battery 1 temperature, the measuring unit is °C.
- Open-circuit voltage is the difference of electrical potential between two terminals of the battery 1 when disconnected from appliance 3 that is supplied by the battery.
- State of health SOH of the battery 1 that is represented by a percentage %.
- the state of health SOH represents the working condition of a battery compared to its ideal working condition (100%).
- Insulation resistance measured in Ohm The insulation resistance is the parallel equivalent resistance of the insulation resistances of the positive and negative terminals with respect to the ground reference .
- Block 100 also provides the measured variables Vi(t), V2(t), .. V k (t) sampled in times (t2 and ti) and calculates the k variable variations h(x) as the mean (or average) value of the derivative of the k th variable over the time interval [t2, 11] (i.e. difference quotients) the k variable variations h(x) are calculated as [Vi(t2) ⁇ Vi(ti)]/(t2-ti), [V 2 (t2)- v 2 (ti)]/(t2-ti), ... [V k (12) — Vk(ti)]/(t2-ti).
- Sampling times may be, for instance, few milliseconds.
- Variable variations h(x) may be calculated by using a moving average time window to calculate every variable value over a longer period of time. Derivative may be calculated between average values of different windows (t m -t m-i ) ⁇
- the method further comprises (block 110) calculating - for each k variable variation h(x) - the numerical value of a respective safety function f (x) representing the State of Safety (SOS) of the battery.
- m is a setting parameter that allows to control the rate of the decrease of the safety function
- m may be set to 1; namely mrepresents the steepness of the safety function f (x) curve. A greater value of m makes the curve steeper and hence giving less values of the safety function f (x).
- This parameter is also a function of the state of health of the battery pack and
- • d represents a target value of the variable variation h(x) that is function of the state of health of the battery.
- Figure 3 shows how the safety function f (x) depends on the parameter m and d. In the same figure, the safe, warning and unsafe ranges are shown. In fact, when the variable variation h(x) corresponds to the target value d, the safety function is 1.
- the safety function f(x) decreases significantly, and even more when m increases. In other words, the value of the safety function varies between 0, completely unsafe, and 1, completely safe.
- the ideal value d of the variation of the temperature with time is 0.8 degree/min for a new battery pack and, as the battery gets older, the best variation of the temperature with time will increase to 1.5 degree/min.
- d may vary between 0.8 and 1.5 based on the state of the health of the battery.
- the calibration parameters d and m may be set appropriately in accordance to the health of the battery pack.
- Block 110 is followed by both block 120 and block 130.
- Block 130 calculates a single value of a total safety function taking into the contribution of the already calculated (in block 110) k values of the respective safety functions corresponding to k different variables.
- Different ways of calculating the single value of a total safety function may be taken into considerations, preferably by selecting from the calculated safety functions the worst one, i.e. the smallest value.
- Alternative ways of calculating the single value of a total safety function comprise determining weighted average of the calculated values or determining a product of the calculated values.
- Block 130 is followed by block 140 that checks if the calculated value of the total safety function falls within a safety range.
- block 140 is followed by the block 150 that identifies a safe state of the battery.
- the safe state is memorized and is also notified to a user of the battery 1.
- the method then returns to the initial point "start" for continuous monitoring the health of the battery pack.
- the block 140 If the check of block 140 is negative, namely the total safety function falls outside of the safety range, the block 140 is followed by the block 160 that identifies an unsafe state of the battery.
- the unsafe state is memorized and is also notified to a user of the battery. Automatic actions may also be performed such as interrupting connection between battery 1 and appliance 3 supplied by the battery 1. Similar to the previous case, the method then returns to the initial point start for continuous monitoring the health of the battery pack.
- block 120 checks if the values of the calculated safety functions f(x) fall within respective safety ranges of Fig. 3.
- block 120 is followed by the block 170 that increments of one unit (+1) a counter that accumulates the number of violations of the safety function, at the same moment a timer is started, thus said timer is started from the time in which a first accumulated violation has been detected.
- a warning state for the battery is set (block 190) otherwise, if the timer is outside the time limit T_warning and the counter is less than the limit value (C_limit), counter and timer are reset (block 200). In both the cases the method returns to the initial point start.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202280039613.9A CN117460965A (en) | 2021-06-03 | 2022-06-03 | Method for determining the safety state (SOS) of a rechargeable battery |
EP22730618.0A EP4348280A1 (en) | 2021-06-03 | 2022-06-03 | Method of determining the state of safety (sos) of a rechargeable battery |
KR1020237043747A KR20240017360A (en) | 2021-06-03 | 2022-06-03 | How to Determine the Safe State (SOS) of a Rechargeable Battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IT102021000014435A IT202100014435A1 (en) | 2021-06-03 | 2021-06-03 | METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE SAFETY STATUS (SOS) OF A RECHARGEABLE BATTERY |
IT102021000014435 | 2021-06-03 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2022254392A1 true WO2022254392A1 (en) | 2022-12-08 |
Family
ID=77412236
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/IB2022/055189 WO2022254392A1 (en) | 2021-06-03 | 2022-06-03 | Method of determining the state of safety (sos) of a rechargeable battery |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP4348280A1 (en) |
KR (1) | KR20240017360A (en) |
CN (1) | CN117460965A (en) |
IT (1) | IT202100014435A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2022254392A1 (en) |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20150147614A1 (en) * | 2013-11-23 | 2015-05-28 | Hrl Laboratories, Llc | Voltage protection and health monitoring of batteries with reference electrodes |
CN106842043A (en) | 2016-12-28 | 2017-06-13 | 国联汽车动力电池研究院有限责任公司 | For the method for testing that lithium ion battery safe class is evaluated |
CN110696624A (en) | 2019-11-14 | 2020-01-17 | 浙江华云信息科技有限公司 | Safety monitoring and early warning method, device, equipment and medium based on battery energy storage |
DE102018216356A1 (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2020-03-26 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Detection of abnormal self-discharge from lithium ion cells and battery system |
-
2021
- 2021-06-03 IT IT102021000014435A patent/IT202100014435A1/en unknown
-
2022
- 2022-06-03 KR KR1020237043747A patent/KR20240017360A/en unknown
- 2022-06-03 CN CN202280039613.9A patent/CN117460965A/en active Pending
- 2022-06-03 WO PCT/IB2022/055189 patent/WO2022254392A1/en active Application Filing
- 2022-06-03 EP EP22730618.0A patent/EP4348280A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20150147614A1 (en) * | 2013-11-23 | 2015-05-28 | Hrl Laboratories, Llc | Voltage protection and health monitoring of batteries with reference electrodes |
CN106842043A (en) | 2016-12-28 | 2017-06-13 | 国联汽车动力电池研究院有限责任公司 | For the method for testing that lithium ion battery safe class is evaluated |
DE102018216356A1 (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2020-03-26 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Detection of abnormal self-discharge from lithium ion cells and battery system |
CN110696624A (en) | 2019-11-14 | 2020-01-17 | 浙江华云信息科技有限公司 | Safety monitoring and early warning method, device, equipment and medium based on battery energy storage |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
CABRERA-CASTILLO ELIUD ET AL: "Calculation of the state of safety (SOS) for lithium ion batteries", JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES, ELSEVIER, AMSTERDAM, NL, vol. 324, 1 June 2016 (2016-06-01), pages 509 - 520, XP029624601, ISSN: 0378-7753, DOI: 10.1016/J.JPOWSOUR.2016.05.068 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
IT202100014435A1 (en) | 2022-12-03 |
CN117460965A (en) | 2024-01-26 |
KR20240017360A (en) | 2024-02-07 |
EP4348280A1 (en) | 2024-04-10 |
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