WO2022253115A1 - 一种空调系统和空调系统的控制方法 - Google Patents

一种空调系统和空调系统的控制方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022253115A1
WO2022253115A1 PCT/CN2022/095464 CN2022095464W WO2022253115A1 WO 2022253115 A1 WO2022253115 A1 WO 2022253115A1 CN 2022095464 W CN2022095464 W CN 2022095464W WO 2022253115 A1 WO2022253115 A1 WO 2022253115A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pipeline
conditioning system
air conditioning
refrigerant
heat exchanger
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2022/095464
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王文锋
万轩臣
姚泽
李青
亚希亚穆罕穆德
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valeo Automotive Air Conditioning Hubei Co Ltd
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Valeo Automotive Air Conditioning Hubei Co Ltd
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Application filed by Valeo Automotive Air Conditioning Hubei Co Ltd filed Critical Valeo Automotive Air Conditioning Hubei Co Ltd
Publication of WO2022253115A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022253115A1/zh
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Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
    • F24F11/63—Electronic processing
    • F24F11/64—Electronic processing using pre-stored data
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
    • F24F11/63—Electronic processing
    • F24F11/65—Electronic processing for selecting an operating mode
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
    • F24F11/83—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
    • F24F11/84—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers using valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/88—Electrical aspects, e.g. circuits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • F25B41/24—Arrangement of shut-off valves for disconnecting a part of the refrigerant cycle, e.g. an outdoor part
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
    • F25B41/31—Expansion valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/40—Fluid line arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
    • F25B43/006—Accumulators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of heat management, in particular to an air conditioning system and a control method for the air conditioning system.
  • Air-conditioning systems are widely used in buildings and vehicles to provide a comfortable hot and humid environment for people inside buildings and vehicles.
  • the air conditioning system includes a thermodynamic cycle consisting of a compressor, a condensing device, a throttling element and an evaporating device. Refrigerant flows in this thermodynamic cycle. By changing the flow direction of the refrigerant, the air conditioning system can switch between the first working mode and the second working mode, wherein the first working mode can be a working mode for heating the building environment and the environment inside the car, and the second working mode It can be a working mode for cooling the building environment and the environment inside the vehicle.
  • An air conditioning system with a heating mode is also called a heat pump air conditioning system.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an air conditioning system which has the advantage of high performance.
  • An air conditioning system for the purpose, comprising a liquid receiver drier, the inlet of which is used to receive condensed but not throttled refrigerant, said air conditioning system also comprising an intermediate heat exchanger; said intermediate exchanger
  • the heat exchanger includes a first heat exchange part and a second heat exchange part; the first heat exchange part communicates with the outlet of the liquid storage drier to receive the refrigerant flowing out of the liquid storage drier;
  • the second heat exchange part is used for receiving the throttled and evaporated refrigerant.
  • the air conditioning system further includes a reversible heat exchanger;
  • the reversible heat exchanger has a first port and a second port; one of the first port and the second port allows the refrigeration refrigerant enters the reversible heat exchanger and the other allows the refrigerant to flow out of the reversible heat exchanger;
  • the reversible heat exchanger is used to condense or evaporate the refrigerant.
  • the air conditioning system further includes a first unidirectional conduction element, a first pipeline, a second pipeline and a first junction; the first port, the first pipeline and the second Both pipelines communicate with the first connection point; the first throttling element is arranged on the second pipeline; the first one-way conducting element is arranged on the first pipeline, wherein the The inlet of the first unidirectional conduction element communicates with the first junction, so as to prevent the refrigerant from flowing into the first junction through the first pipeline.
  • the air conditioning system further includes a first throttling element; the first throttling element is arranged on the second pipeline; the outlet of the first throttling element is connected to the first connecting point connected.
  • the air conditioning system further includes a second unidirectional conduction element; the second unidirectional conduction element is arranged on the second pipeline, wherein the inlet of the second unidirectional conduction element is connected to the The outlet of the first throttling element is communicated with; the outlet of the second unidirectional conduction element is communicated with the first joint point.
  • the air conditioning system further includes a first cut-off element, a second junction, a third junction, a third pipeline, a fourth pipeline and a fifth pipeline; the first cut-off element is arranged at On the fourth pipeline; the liquid storage drier and the first heat exchange part are both arranged on the third pipeline; the first pipeline, the third pipeline and the fourth pipeline The roads are all communicated with the second joint point, wherein the inlet of the liquid storage drier is communicated with the second joint point; the second pipeline, the third pipeline and the fifth pipeline Both are in communication with the third junction, wherein the first heat exchange part is in communication with the third junction; the outlet of the first unidirectional conduction element is in communication with the second junction; The inlets of the two unidirectional conducting elements communicate with the third joint.
  • the air conditioning system further includes a second cut-off element, a third cut-off element, a condenser, a fourth junction, a fifth junction, a sixth pipeline, a seventh pipeline and an exhaust pipeline;
  • the condenser is arranged on the exhaust pipeline;
  • the second cut-off element is arranged on the sixth pipeline;
  • the third cut-off element is arranged on the seventh pipeline;
  • the fourth pipeline, Both the sixth pipeline and the exhaust pipeline are in communication with the fourth junction;
  • the second port, the seventh pipeline and the sixth pipeline are all in communication with the fifth junction connected.
  • the air conditioning system further includes an evaporator, a second throttling element, a sixth junction, an eighth pipeline and a suction pipeline; the seventh pipeline, the eighth pipeline and The suction pipelines are all in communication with the sixth junction; the second throttling element and the evaporator are connected in series to the fifth pipeline and the eighth pipeline; the second heat exchange The part is set on the suction pipeline.
  • the second throttling element includes a plurality of expansion valves arranged in parallel; the evaporator includes a plurality of heat exchangers arranged in parallel.
  • the evaporator includes a cold plate; the cold plate is used to cool the battery.
  • the positive progress effect of the present invention is that: since the refrigerant flowing through the first heat exchange part and the refrigerant flowing through the second heat exchange part can perform heat exchange, the refrigerant in the first heat exchange part that is condensed but not throttled
  • the refrigerant in the second heat exchange part can transfer heat to the throttled and evaporated refrigerant in the second heat exchange part, thereby reducing the temperature of the refrigerant flowing out from the first heat exchange part, that is, increasing the temperature of the refrigerant flowing out from the first heat exchange part.
  • the subcooling degree of the refrigerant can reduce the temperature of the refrigerant after being throttled accordingly, thereby improving the performance of the air conditioning system.
  • this technical solution also increases the degree of superheat of the refrigerant flowing out of the second heat exchange part.
  • Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of air conditioning system
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the first working mode of the air conditioning system
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the second working mode of the air conditioning system, wherein the first throttling element is opened and the second throttling element is closed;
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the second working mode of the air conditioning system, wherein the first throttling element is opened and the second throttling element is opened;
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the second working mode of the air conditioning system, wherein the first throttling element is closed and the second throttling element is opened;
  • Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the air conditioning system in another embodiment
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the first working mode of the air conditioning system, wherein the fourth cut-off element is closed and the fifth cut-off element is opened;
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the first working mode of the air conditioning system, wherein the fourth cut-off element is turned on, and the fifth cut-off element is turned on;
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the second working mode of the air conditioning system, wherein the fifth cut-off element is closed, and the second throttle element is closed;
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the second working mode of the air conditioning system, wherein the fifth cut-off element is closed and the second throttle element is opened;
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the second working mode of the air conditioning system, wherein the fifth cut-off element is closed and the first throttle element is closed.
  • the distribution of the first feature in the second feature described later in the description may include an embodiment in which the first and second features are distributed through direct connection, and may also include an implementation in which additional features are formed between the first and second features. embodiment, so that there may be no direct connection between the first and second features.
  • reference numerals and/or letters may be repeated in different instances in these contents. This repetition is for brevity and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and/or structures to be discussed.
  • first element when the first element is described as being connected or combined with the second element, the description includes the embodiment in which the first and second elements are directly connected or combined with each other, and also includes the use of one or more other intervening elements to add The first and second elements are indirectly connected or bonded to each other.
  • Fig. 1 to Fig. 11 are only examples, they are not drawn according to the same scale, and should not be taken as a limitation to the actual protection scope of the present invention.
  • the air conditioning system 100 has a first working mode M1, such as cooling mode, and a second working mode M2, such as heat pump mode.
  • the air conditioning system 100 includes a compressor 1, a suction pipeline X and a discharge pipeline P.
  • the compressor 1 has a suction port 1a and a discharge port 1b.
  • One end of the suction pipeline X communicates with the suction port 1a.
  • One end of the pipeline P communicates with the discharge port 1b; the refrigerant is sucked into the compressor 1 from the suction port 1a, and then discharged from the discharge port 1b after being compressed.
  • the air-conditioning system 100 includes a reversible heat exchanger 2, and the reversible heat exchanger 2 has a first port 2a and a second port 2b One of the first port 2a and the second port 2b allows the refrigerant to enter the reversible heat exchanger 2, and the other allows the refrigerant to flow out of the reversible heat exchanger 2;
  • the air conditioning system 100 also includes a first unidirectional conduction element 71, a first The pipeline a, the second pipeline b and the first junction A; the first reversible pipeline 11, the first pipeline a and the second pipeline b are all connected and communicated with the first junction A; the first one-way conduction The element 71 is arranged on the first pipeline a, wherein the inlet 71a of the first unidirectional conduction element 71 communicates with the first junction A, so as to prevent the refrigerant from flowing into the first
  • the refrigerant flows into the reversible heat exchanger 2 from the second port 2b through the second reversible pipeline 12, and flows out of the reversible heat exchanger from the first port 2a through the first reversible pipeline 11.
  • Device 2. In the first working mode M1, the function of the reversible heat exchanger 2 is to condense the compressed refrigerant to release heat.
  • the reversible heat exchanger 2 may be a finned heat exchanger, and the heat released by the refrigerant is taken away by the air flowing through the reversible heat exchanger 2 .
  • the condensed refrigerant flowing out of the first port 2a flows into the first junction A, and since the inlet 71a of the first unidirectional conduction element 71 communicates with the first junction A, the condensed refrigerant The agent can flow into the first pipeline a and flow downstream through the first unidirectional conduction element 71 .
  • the second pipeline b is cut off to prevent the condensed refrigerant from flowing downstream along the second pipeline b via the first joint point A.
  • the refrigerant flows into the reversible heat exchanger 2 from the first port 2a, and flows out of the reversible heat exchanger 2 from the second port 2b.
  • the function of the reversible heat exchanger 2 is to make the throttled refrigerant evaporate and absorb heat.
  • the reversible heat exchanger 2 may be a finned heat exchanger, and the refrigerant absorbs heat from the air flowing through the reversible heat exchanger 2 . More specifically, the second pipeline b is opened, and the throttled refrigerant flows into the reversible heat exchanger 2 through the second pipeline b and the first junction A.
  • the unidirectional conductivity of the first unidirectional conductive element 71 means that the refrigerant can only flow into the first unidirectional conductive element 71 through the inlet 71a, and can only flow out of the first unidirectional conductive element 71 through the outlet 71b, from the outlet 71b to the first unidirectional conductive element 71. Flow through inlet 71a is not permitted.
  • the above embodiment simply solves the technical problem that the first pipeline a and the second pipeline b are selectively connected to the first port 2a according to the different working modes of the air conditioning system.
  • the air conditioning system 100 also includes a first throttling element 6; the first throttling element 6 is arranged on the second pipeline b; the outlet 6b of the first throttling element 6 communicates with the first joint point A .
  • the first throttling element 6 may be an electronic expansion valve with a cut-off function.
  • the first throttling element 6 can be in a closed state, thereby cutting off the second pipeline b.
  • the first throttling element 6 In the second working mode M2, the first throttling element 6 is in an open state, so that the second pipeline b is opened.
  • the first throttling element 6 is used for throttling the condensed refrigerant so that the refrigerant reaches a state suitable for being evaporated.
  • the air conditioning system 100 also includes a second unidirectional conduction element 72; the second unidirectional conduction element 72 is arranged on the second pipeline b, wherein the inlet 72a of the second unidirectional conduction element 72 is connected to the first The outlet 6b of a throttling element 6 is in communication; the outlet 72b of the second unidirectional conduction element 72 is in communication with the first joint A.
  • the second unidirectional conduction element 72 cuts off the second pipeline b, which eliminates the need for the first throttling element 6 to have a cut-off function, and simplifies the structure of the first throttling element 6 .
  • the process of the refrigerant flowing out of the first junction A through the second pipeline b can be prevented due to the unidirectional conduction of the second unidirectional conduction element 72 , and no additional control process is required.
  • the unidirectional conductivity of the second unidirectional conductive element 72 makes the second pipeline b open, and the refrigerant throttled by the first throttling element 6 flows into the first junction A.
  • the second one-way conducting element 72 may be a one-way valve, and may also be a check valve or other fluid one-way conducting devices with the function of preventing backflow.
  • the unidirectional conductivity of the second unidirectional conduction element 72 means that the refrigerant can only flow into the second unidirectional conduction element 72 through the inlet 72a, and flow out of the second unidirectional conduction element 72 only through the outlet 72b, from the outlet 72b to the second unidirectional conduction element 72. Flow through inlet 72a is not permitted.
  • the air conditioning system 100 also includes a first cut-off element 73, a second joint B, a third joint C, a third pipeline c, a fourth pipeline d and a fifth pipeline e; the first The cut-off element 73 is arranged on the fourth pipeline d; the first pipeline a, the third pipeline c and the fourth pipeline d are all connected and communicated with the second joint point B; the second pipeline b, the third pipeline Both c and the fifth pipeline e are connected and communicated with the third joint point C; the outlet 71b of the first unidirectional conduction element 71 is communicated with the second joint point B; the inlet 6a of the first throttling element 6 is connected with the third joint point C is connected.
  • the first cut-off element 73 may be a cut-off valve, and the second joint B and the third joint C may be three-way joints.
  • the first cut-off element 73 cuts off the fourth pipeline d, and the refrigerant condensed by the reversible heat exchanger 2 flows into the second junction B through the first pipeline a, and then flows into the second junction B through the second junction B.
  • the third line c then flows downstream through the third junction C.
  • the first cut-off element 73 is in an open state, so that the fourth pipeline d is conducted, and the condensed refrigerant flows into the second junction B through the fourth pipeline d, and then flows into the third pipeline c, then flow to the second pipeline b through the third joint point C, and be throttled by the first throttling element 6 located on the second pipeline b, and then flow into the first joint point A.
  • the pressure of the throttled refrigerant is lower than the pressure of the refrigerant before throttling, so the pressure of the refrigerant at the second joint point B is higher than the pressure at the first joint point A, but because the first one-way conducting element 71, the refrigerant at the second junction B cannot pass through the first unidirectional conduction element 71 to reach the first junction A, which makes the refrigerant at the second junction B only flow into the third pipe road c.
  • the air conditioning system 100 also includes a second cut-off element 74, a third cut-off element 75, a condenser 3, a fourth junction D, a fifth junction E, a sixth pipeline f, a seventh pipe Road g and exhaust pipeline P; condenser 3 is arranged on the exhaust pipeline P; the second cut-off element 74 is arranged on the sixth pipeline f; the third cut-off element 75 is arranged on the seventh pipeline g;
  • the fourth pipeline d, the sixth pipeline f and the exhaust pipeline P are all connected and communicated with the fourth joint point D; the second port 2b, the seventh pipeline g and the sixth pipeline f are all connected with the fifth joint point E Connect and communicate.
  • the second cut-off element 74 and the third cut-off element 75 can be cut-off valves, the fourth junction D and the fifth junction E can be three-way joints, and the condenser 3 can be a finned heat exchanger that exchanges heat with air .
  • the second cut-off element 74 is opened, so that the sixth pipeline f is opened; the third cut-off element 75 is closed, so that the seventh pipeline g is cut off.
  • the refrigerant that needs to be condensed flows into the reversible heat exchanger 2 through the sixth pipeline f, the fifth junction E, the second reversible pipeline 12 and the second port 2b.
  • the refrigerant is exhausted first Condenser 3 on line P condenses and is then condensed by reversible heat exchanger 2 .
  • the second cut-off element 74 cuts off the sixth pipeline f
  • the third cut-off element 75 opens to make the seventh pipeline g conduct.
  • the refrigerant evaporated by the reversible heat exchanger 2 flows into the seventh pipe g through the fifth junction E, and flows downstream through the seventh pipe g.
  • the air conditioning system 100 also includes an evaporator 4, a second throttling element 5, a sixth joint point F, an eighth pipeline h and an air suction pipeline X; the seventh pipeline g. Both the eighth pipeline h and the suction pipeline X are connected and communicated with the sixth joint point F; the second throttling element 5 and the evaporator 4 are connected in series to the fifth pipeline e and the eighth pipeline h, that is, the first The refrigerant in the fifth pipeline e can flow through the second throttling element 5 and the evaporator 4, and then flow into the eighth pipeline h; the second throttling element 5 and the evaporator 4 are arranged in series with each other and communicate with the fifth pipe Road e and eighth pipeline h.
  • the evaporator 4 may be a fin heat exchanger that exchanges heat with air, or may be a plate heat exchanger that exchanges heat with liquid coolant.
  • the second throttling element 5 may be an electronic expansion valve with a cut-off function, and the sixth joint F may be a three-way joint. The second throttling element 5 throttles the refrigerant, and the evaporator 4 evaporates the refrigerant throttled by the second throttling element 5 to absorb heat.
  • the second throttling element 5 is opened, and the refrigerant flowing out from the third joint point C enters the fifth pipeline e, flows through the second throttling element 5 and the evaporator 4, and then flows into the eighth
  • the pipeline h flows into the suction pipeline X through the sixth junction point F; wherein, the refrigerant is throttled in the second throttling element 5 and evaporated in the evaporator 4 .
  • the first throttling element 6 is opened, the second throttling element 5 is closed, and the second throttling element 5 cuts off the connection between the fifth pipeline e and the eighth pipeline h. so that the refrigerant flowing out from the third joint point C can only flow into the second pipeline b, and flow into the reversible heat exchanger 2 after being throttled by the first throttling element 6 .
  • the reversible heat exchanger 2 is used for evaporating the refrigerant throttled by the first throttling element 6 .
  • the first throttling element 6 is opened, the second throttling element 5 is opened, and the second throttling element 5 communicates with the fifth pipeline e and the eighth pipeline h, so that Part of the refrigerant flowing out from the third joint point C enters the fifth pipeline e, and the other part enters the second pipeline b.
  • the refrigerant branched from the third joint point C is throttled and evaporated respectively, then joins the sixth joint point F, and flows into the suction line X.
  • the first throttling element 6 is closed to cut off the second pipeline b, and the second throttling element 5 is opened.
  • the second throttling element 5 communicates with the fifth pipeline e and the eighth pipeline h, so that the refrigerant flowing out from the third joint point C can only enter the fifth pipeline e, and flow through the second throttling element 5 and the eighth pipeline h.
  • Evaporator 4 then flows into the eighth pipeline h.
  • the second throttling element 5 includes a plurality of expansion valves 51 , 52 arranged in parallel; the evaporator 4 includes a plurality of heat exchangers 41 , 42 arranged in parallel.
  • the expansion valves 51 , 52 are connected in parallel to the heat exchangers 41 , 42 .
  • the heat exchangers 41 and 42 may be finned heat exchangers for cooling air, refrigeration plates for cooling batteries, or heat exchangers for cooling brine.
  • the expansion valves 51 and 52 can be opened simultaneously or only one of them can be opened as required.
  • the expansion valves 51, 52 may be electronic expansion valves.
  • the air conditioning system 100 has a dehumidification function.
  • a device for heating the air can be arranged downstream of the evaporator 4, such as a PTC heater, to heat the air to a normal temperature.
  • the heat released by the condenser 3 can also be used to heat the air.
  • the air conditioning system 100 also includes a liquid storage drier 9 and an intermediate heat exchanger 8, the inlet 9a of the liquid storage drier 9 is used to receive condensed but not throttled refrigerant; the intermediate heat exchange The device 8 includes a first heat exchange part 81 and a second heat exchange part 82; the first heat exchange part 81 communicates with the outlet 9b of the liquid storage drier 9 to receive the refrigerant flowing out from the liquid storage drier 9; The heat portion 82 is used to receive the throttled and evaporated refrigerant.
  • the liquid storage drier 9 is also called a drying bottle.
  • the condensed but unrestricted refrigerant flowing into the inlet 9a of the liquid receiver drier 9 may be in a gas-liquid mixed state, and the refrigerant flowing out of the outlet 9b is in a liquid state. Therefore, the liquid receiver drier 9 can play a role of separating liquid refrigerant and solid refrigerant. Therefore, the refrigerant flowing into the first heat exchange portion 81 is in a liquid state and is condensed but not evaporated.
  • liquid receiver drier 9 can store a part of the liquid refrigerant to store excess refrigerant in different working modes.
  • the first heat exchange part 81 is arranged on the third pipeline c, and the second heat exchange part 82 is arranged on the suction pipeline X.
  • the liquid storage drier 9 is arranged on the third pipeline c, and the inlet 9a of the liquid storage drier 9 communicates with the second joint B.
  • the outlet 9 b of the accumulator drier 9 communicates with the first heat exchange unit 81 .
  • the first heat exchange portion 81 communicates with the third joint C.
  • the condensed but unthrottled refrigerant in the first heat exchange part 81 can Heat transfer to the throttled and evaporated refrigerant in the second heat exchange part 82, thereby reducing the temperature of the refrigerant flowing out of the first heat exchange part 81, so that the temperature of the refrigerant after being throttled can also be corresponding Reduced, thereby improving the performance of the air conditioning system.
  • this technical solution also increases the degree of superheat of the refrigerant flowing out of the second heat exchange portion 82 , reducing the probability of liquid refrigerant being sucked into the compressor.
  • the discharge pipeline P of the compressor 1 includes a first discharge pipeline P1 , a second discharge pipeline P2 and a third discharge pipeline P3 .
  • the first exhaust line P1, the second exhaust line P2, and the third exhaust line P3 are connected to and communicate with the seventh joint G.
  • the third exhaust pipe P3 communicates with the exhaust port 1b of the compressor 1 .
  • the second reversible pipeline 12 , the seventh pipeline g and the second exhaust pipeline P2 are all connected to and communicated with the fifth joint E.
  • the first pipeline a, the third pipeline c and the first exhaust pipeline P1 are all connected to and communicated with the second joint B.
  • the condenser 3 is arranged on the first exhaust pipeline P1, the fourth cut-off element 76 is arranged on the first exhaust pipeline P1 and connected in series with the condenser 3; the fifth cut-off element 77 is arranged on the second exhaust pipeline P2 superior.
  • the reversible heat exchanger 2 and the condenser 3 are connected in parallel between the second junction B and the seventh junction G, and the reversible heat exchanger 2 and the condenser 3 Can work selectively according to demand to condense refrigerant.
  • the fourth cutoff element 76 is closed to cut off the first exhaust pipeline P1
  • the fifth cutoff element 77 is opened to conduct the second exhaust pipeline P2 .
  • the refrigerant flowing out from the discharge port 1 b of the compressor 1 flows into the reversible heat exchanger 2 through the second discharge pipeline P2 and the second reversible pipeline 12 , and condenses and releases heat inside the reversible heat exchanger 2 .
  • both the fourth cut-off element 76 and the fifth cut-off element 77 are open, and part of the refrigerant flowing out from the discharge port 1b of the compressor 1 passes through the second discharge pipeline P2 and the second reversible pipe.
  • the path 12 flows into the reversible heat exchanger 2 and condenses and releases heat in the reversible heat exchanger 2; the other part flows into the first exhaust pipeline P1 and flows into the condenser 3, where it condenses and releases heat.
  • the fourth blocking element 76 is in an open state, and the fifth blocking element 77 is in a closed state.
  • the reversible heat exchanger 2 and the evaporator 4 are connected in parallel between the third junction point C and the sixth junction point F, and the reversible heat exchanger 2 and the evaporator 4 can selectively work according to the demand to evaporate the refrigerant.
  • the third cut-off element 75 is opened to conduct the seventh pipeline g
  • the fourth cut-off element 76 is opened to conduct the first exhaust pipeline P1
  • the fifth cut-off element 77 Close to cut off the second exhaust line P2.
  • the second throttle element 5 is in the closed state.
  • the refrigerant flowing out from the discharge port 1b of the compressor 1 flows into the first discharge pipeline P1 through the third discharge pipeline P3, and flows into the condenser 3, where it condenses and releases heat.
  • the reversible heat exchanger 2 is used to receive the refrigerant throttled by the first throttling element 6 so as to evaporate the throttled refrigerant. No refrigerant passes through the evaporator 4 .
  • the third cut-off element 75 is opened to conduct the seventh pipeline g
  • the fourth cut-off element 76 is opened to conduct the first exhaust pipeline P1
  • the fifth cut-off element 77 Close to cut off the second exhaust line P2.
  • the second throttle element 5 is in an open state.
  • the refrigerant flowing out from the discharge port 1b of the compressor 1 flows into the first discharge pipeline P1 through the third discharge pipeline P3, and flows into the condenser 3, where it condenses and releases heat.
  • the reversible heat exchanger 2 is used to receive the refrigerant throttled by the first throttling element 6 so as to evaporate the throttled refrigerant. Refrigerant passes through the evaporator 4 .
  • the fourth blocking element 76 is turned on, the fifth blocking element 77 is turned off, and the third blocking element 75 is turned off.
  • Refrigerant passes through the evaporator 4 .
  • No refrigerant passes through the reversible heat exchanger 2.

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Abstract

一种空调系统，包括储液干燥器（9），所述储液干燥器（9）的入口（9a）用于接收被冷凝但未被节流的制冷剂，所述空调系统还包括中间换热器（8）；所述中间换热器（8）包括第一换热部（81）和第二换热部（82）；所述第一换热部（81）与所述储液干燥器（9）的出口（9b）连通，以接收从所述储液干燥器（9）流出的所述制冷剂；所述第二换热部（82）用于接收被节流且被蒸发的所述制冷剂。

Description

一种空调系统和空调系统的控制方法 技术领域
本发明涉及热管理技术领域，具体涉及一种空调系统和空调系统的控制方法。
背景技术
空调系统广泛应用于建筑环境和车内环境中，为处于建筑及车辆内部的人提供舒适的热湿环境。空调系统包括由压缩机、冷凝装置、节流元件和蒸发装置构成的热力循环。制冷剂在该热力循环中流动。通过改变制冷剂的流动方向，空调系统能够在第一工作模式和第二工作模式之间切换，其中，第一工作模式可以是对建筑环境和车内环境供热的工作模式，第二工作模式可以是对建筑环境和车内环境供冷的工作模式。具有供热的工作模式的空调系统也叫做热泵空调系统。
现有技术中，具有多种工作模式的空调系统的结构比较复杂，并且性能不高。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种空调系统，其具有性能高的优点。
为实现目的的空调系统，包括储液干燥器，所述储液干燥器的入口用于接收被冷凝但未被节流的制冷剂，所述空调系统还包括中间换热器；所述中间换热器包括第一换热部和第二换热部；所述第一换热部与所述储液干燥器的出口连通，以接收从所述储液干燥器流出的所述制冷剂；所述第二换热部用于接收被节流且被蒸发的所述制冷剂。
在一个实施例中，所述空调系统还包括可逆换热器；所述可逆换热器具有第一端口和第二端口；所述第一端口和所述第二端口中的一个允许所述制冷剂进入所述可逆换热器，另一个允许所述制冷剂流出所述可逆换热器；
所述可逆换热器用于冷凝或者蒸发所述制冷剂。
在一个实施例中，所述空调系统还包括第一单向导通元件、第一管路、第二管路和第一接合点；所述第一端口、所述第一管路和所述第二管路均与所述第一接合点连通；所述第一节流元 件设置在所述第二管路上；所述第一单向导通元件设置在所述第一管路上，其中，所述第一单向导通元件的入口与所述第一接合点连通，以阻止所述制冷剂经由所述第一管路而流入所述第一接合点。
在一个实施例中，所述空调系统还包括第一节流元件；所述第一节流元件设置在所述第二管路上；所述第一节流元件的出口与所述第一接合点连通。
在一个实施例中，所述空调系统还包括第二单向导通元件；所述第二单向导通元件设置在所述第二管路上，其中，所述第二单向导通元件的入口与所述第一节流元件的出口连通；所述第二单向导通元件的出口与所述第一接合点连通。
在一个实施例中，所述空调系统还包括第一截止元件、第二接合点、第三接合点、第三管路、第四管路和第五管路；所述第一截止元件设置在所述第四管路上；所述储液干燥器和所述第一换热部均设置在所述第三管路上；所述第一管路、所述第三管路和所述第四管路均与所述第二接合点连通，其中，所述储液干燥器的入口与所述第二接合点连通；所述第二管路、所述第三管路和所述第五管路均与所述第三接合点连通，其中，所述第一换热部与所述第三接合点连通；所述第一单向导通元件的出口与所述第二接合点连通；所述第二单向导通元件的入口与所述第三接合点连通。
在一个实施例中，所述空调系统还包括第二截止元件、第三截止元件、冷凝器、第四接合点、第五接合点、第六管路、第七管路和排气管路；所述冷凝器设置在所述排气管路上；所述第二截止元件设置在所述第六管路上；所述第三截止元件设置在所述第七管路上；所述第四管路、所述第六管路和所述排气管路均与所述第四接合点连通；所述第二端口、所述第七管路和所述第六管路均与所述第五接合点连通。
在一个实施例中，所述空调系统还包括蒸发器、第二节流元件、第六接合点、第八管路和吸气管路；所述第七管路、所述第八管路和所述吸气管路均与所述第六接合点连通；所述第二节流元件和所述蒸发器串联连接所述第五管路和所述第八管路；所述第二换热部设置在所述吸气管路上。
在一个实施例中，所述第二节流元件包括多个相互并联设置的膨胀阀；所述蒸发器包括多个相互并联设置的换热器。
在一个实施例中，所述蒸发器包括制冷板；所述制冷板用于冷却电池。
本发明的积极进步效果在于：由于流经第一换热部的制冷剂和流经第二换热部的制冷剂能够进行热交换，因此，第一换热部内的被冷凝但未被节流的制冷剂能够向第二换热部内的被节流且被蒸发的制冷剂传热，从而降低了从第一换热部流出的制冷剂的温度，即提高了从第一换热部流出的制冷剂的过冷度，使得制冷剂被节流后的温度也能够相应降低，从而提高了空调系统的性能。此外，这一技术方案还提高了从第二换热部流出的制冷剂的过热度。
附图说明
本发明的上述的以及其他的特征、性质和优势将通过下面结合附图和实施例的描述而变得更加明显，其中：
图1为空调系统的示意图；
图2为空调系统的第一工作模式的示意图；
图3为空调系统的第二工作模式的示意图，其中第一节流元件打开，第二节流元件关闭；
图4为空调系统的第二工作模式的示意图，其中第一节流元件打开，第二节流元件打开；
图5为空调系统的第二工作模式的示意图，其中第一节流元件关闭，第二节流元件打开；
图6为另一个实施例中空调系统的示意图；
图7为空调系统的第一工作模式的示意图，其中第四截止元件关闭，第五截止元件打开；
图8为空调系统的第一工作模式的示意图，其中第四截止元件打开，第五截止元件打开；
图9为空调系统的第二工作模式的示意图，其中第五截止元件关闭，第二节流元件关闭；
图10为空调系统的第二工作模式的示意图，其中第五截止元件关闭，第二节流元件打开；
图11为空调系统的第二工作模式的示意图，其中第五截止元件关闭，第一节流元件关闭。
具体实施方式
下述公开了多种不同的实施的主题技术方案的实施方式或者实施例。为简化公开内容，下面描述了各元件和排列的具体实例，当然，这些仅仅为例子而已，并非是对本发明的保护范围进行限制。例如在说明书中随后记载的第一特征在第二特征分布，可以包括第一和第二特征通过直接联系的方式分布的实施方式，也可包括在第一和第二特征之间形成附加特征的实施方式，从而第一和第二特征之间可以不直接联系。另外，这些内容中可能会在不同的例子中重复附图标记和/或字母。该重复是为了简要和清楚，其本身不表示要讨论的各实施方式和/或结构间的关系。进一步 地，当第一元件是用与第二元件相连或结合的方式描述的，该说明包括第一和第二元件直接相连或彼此结合的实施方式，也包括采用一个或多个其他介入元件加入使第一和第二元件间接地相连或彼此结合。
需要注意的是，图1至图11均仅作为示例，其并非是按照等比例的条件绘制的，并且不应该以此作为对本发明实际要求的保护范围构成限制。
图1至图5示出了本发明的一个实施例中的空调系统100。空调系统100具有第一工作模式M1，如制冷模式，还具有第二工作模式M2，如热泵模式。空调系统100包括压缩机1、吸气管路X和排气管路P，压缩机1具有吸气口1a和排气口1b，吸气管路X的一端与吸气口1a连通，排气管路P的一端与排气口1b连通；制冷剂从吸气口1a被吸入压缩机1，被压缩后从排气口1b排出。
为实现空调系统100在第一工作模式M1和第二工作模式M2之间的较为简单的切换，空调系统100包括可逆换热器2，可逆换热器2具有第一端口2a和第二端口2b；第一端口2a和第二端口2b中的一个允许制冷剂进入可逆换热器2，另一个允许制冷剂流出可逆换热器2；空调系统100还包括第一单向导通元件71、第一管路a、第二管路b和第一接合点A；第一可逆管路11、第一管路a和第二管路b均与第一接合点A连接并连通；第一单向导通元件71设置在第一管路a上，其中，第一单向导通元件71的入口71a与第一接合点A连通，以阻止制冷剂经由第一管路a而流入第一接合点A。第一接合点A可以是三通接头。第一单向导通元件71可以是单向阀，还可以是止回阀以及其他具有倒流防止功能的流体单向导通装置。
如图2所示，在第一工作模式M1，制冷剂经由第二可逆管路12从第二端口2b流入可逆换热器2，从第一端口2a经由第一可逆管路11流出可逆换热器2。在第一工作模式M1中，可逆换热器2的作用是使被压缩的制冷剂冷凝放热。可逆换热器2可以是翅片式换热器，制冷剂放出的热被流经可逆换热器2的空气带走。更具体地，从第一端口2a流出的被冷凝后的制冷剂流入第一接合点A，由于第一单向导通元件71的入口71a与第一接合点A连通，因此，被冷凝后的制冷剂可流入第一管路a并且通过第一单向导通元件71而流向下游。第二管路b被切断，阻止被冷凝后的制冷剂经由第一接合点A沿第二管路b流向下游。
如图3所示，在第二工作模式M2，制冷剂从第一端口2a流入可逆换热器2，从第二端口2b流出可逆换热器2。在第二工作模式M2中，可逆换热器2的作用是使被节流的制冷剂蒸发吸热。可逆换热器2可以是翅片式换热器，制冷剂从流经可逆换热器2的空气中吸热。更具体地，第二管路b打开，被节流的制冷剂通过第二管路b和第一接合点A流入可逆换热器2。由于第一单向导通元件71的入口71a与第一接合点A连通，因此，制冷剂经由第一管路a而流入第一接合点A 的过程由于第一单向导通元件71的单向导通性就能够被阻止，无需额外的控制过程。第一单向导通元件71的单向导通性是指制冷剂只能通过入口71a流入第一单向导通元件71，并只能通过出口71b而流出第一单向导通元件71，从出口71b到入口71a的流动则不被允许。
因此，上述实施例简单地解决了第一管路a和第二管路b根据空调系统的工作模式的不同而选择性与第一端口2a导通的技术问题。
继续参考图2、3，空调系统100还包括第一节流元件6；第一节流元件6设置在第二管路b上；第一节流元件6的出口6b与第一接合点A连通。第一节流元件6可以是具有截止功能的电子膨胀阀。在第一工作模式M1，第一节流元件6可以处于关闭状态，从而切断第二管路b。在第二工作模式M2，第一节流元件6处于开启状态，使得第二管路b打开。第一节流元件6用于节流被冷凝后的制冷剂，以使制冷剂到达适于被蒸发的状态。
继续参考图2、3，空调系统100还包括第二单向导通元件72；第二单向导通元件72设置在第二管路b上，其中，第二单向导通元件72的入口72a与第一节流元件6的出口6b连通；第二单向导通元件72的出口72b与第一接合点A连通。在第一工作模式M1，第二单向导通元件72切断第二管路b，这使得第一节流元件6无需具备截止功能，简化了第一节流元件6的结构。制冷剂经由第二管路b而流出第一接合点A的过程由于第二单向导通元件72的单向导通性就能够被阻止，无需额外的控制过程。在第二工作模式M2，第二单向导通元件72的单向导通性使得第二管路b打开，被第一节流元件6节流后的制冷剂流入第一接合点A。第二单向导通元件72可以是单向阀，还可以是止回阀以及其他具有倒流防止功能的流体单向导通装置。第二单向导通元件72的单向导通性是指制冷剂只能通过入口72a流入第二单向导通元件72，并只能通过出口72b而流出第二单向导通元件72，从出口72b到入口72a的流动则不被允许。
继续参考图2、3，空调系统100还包括第一截止元件73、第二接合点B、第三接合点C、第三管路c、第四管路d和第五管路e；第一截止元件73设置在第四管路d上；第一管路a、第三管路c和第四管路d均与第二接合点B连接并连通；第二管路b、第三管路c和第五管路e均与第三接合点C连接并连通；第一单向导通元件71的出口71b与第二接合点B连通；第一节流元件6的入口6a与第三接合点C连通。第一截止元件73可以是截止阀，第二接合点B和第三接合点C可以是三通接头。在第一工作模式M1，第一截止元件73切断第四管路d，被可逆换热器2冷凝的制冷剂通过第一管路a流入第二接合点B，再通过第二接合点B流入第三管路c，然后通过第三接合点C流向下游。在第二工作模式M2，第一截止元件73处于打开状态，使得第四管路d导通，被冷凝的制冷剂通过第四管路d流入第二接合点B，然后通过流入第三管路c，然后通过第三接合 点C流向第二管路b，并被位于第二管路b上的第一节流元件6的节流，然后流入第一接合点A。被节流的制冷剂的压力低于节流前的制冷剂的压力，因此第二接合点B处的制冷剂的压力高于第一接合点A处的压力，但由于第一单向导通元件71的单向导通性，第二接合点B处的制冷剂无法通过第一单向导通元件71而到达第一接合点A，这使得第二接合点B处的制冷剂只能流入第三管路c。
参考图2、3、4，空调系统100还包括第二截止元件74、第三截止元件75、冷凝器3、第四接合点D、第五接合点E、第六管路f、第七管路g和排气管路P；冷凝器3设置在排气管路P上；第二截止元件74设置在第六管路f上；第三截止元件75设置在第七管路g上；第四管路d、第六管路f和排气管路P均与第四接合点D连接并连通；第二端口2b、第七管路g和第六管路f均与第五接合点E连接并连通。第二截止元件74和第三截止元件75可以是截止阀，第四接合点D和第五接合点E可以是三通接头，冷凝器3可以是与空气进行换热的翅片式换热器。在第一工作模式M1，第二截止元件74打开，使得第六管路f打开；第三截止元件75关闭，使得第七管路g被切断。需要被冷凝的制冷剂通过第六管路f、第五接合点E、第二可逆管路12和第二端口2b流入可逆换热器2，在这一工作模式中，制冷剂先被排气管路P上的冷凝器3冷凝，然后被可逆换热器2继续冷凝。在第二工作模式M2，第二截止元件74切断第六管路f，第三截止元件75打开，使得第七管路g导通。被可逆换热器2所蒸发的制冷剂通过第五接合点E流入第七管路g，并经由第七管路g流向下游。
如图2、3、4、5所示，空调系统100还包括蒸发器4、第二节流元件5、第六接合点F、第八管路h和吸气管路X；第七管路g、第八管路h和吸气管路X均与第六接合点F连接并连通；第二节流元件5和蒸发器4串联连接第五管路e和第八管路h，即第五管路e中的制冷剂能够流经第二节流元件5和蒸发器4后，再流入第八管路h；第二节流元件5和蒸发器4相互串联设置，并且连通第五管路e和第八管路h。蒸发器4可以是与空气进行换热的翅片式换热器，还可以是与液态的冷却剂进行换热的板式换热器。第二节流元件5可以是带截止功能的电子膨胀阀，第六接合点F可以是三通接头。第二节流元件5使得制冷剂被节流，蒸发器4使被第二节流元件5节流后的制冷剂蒸发吸热。
在第一工作模式M1，第二节流元件5开启，从第三接合点C流出的制冷剂进入第五管路e，并且流经第二节流元件5和蒸发器4，然后流入第八管路h，再通过第六接合点F流入吸气管路X；其中，制冷剂在第二节流元件5中被节流，在蒸发器4中被蒸发。
在如图3所示的第二工作模式M2，第一节流元件6打开，第二节流元件5关闭，第二节流元件5切断第五管路e与第八管路h之间的连接，从而使得从第三接合点C流出的制冷剂只能流入第二管路b，并在被第一节流元件6节流后流入可逆换热器2。可逆换热器2用于蒸发被第一节流元件6节流后的制冷剂。
在如图4所示的第二工作模式M2，第一节流元件6打开，第二节流元件5打开，第二节流元件5连通第五管路e与第八管路h，从而使得从第三接合点C流出的制冷剂的一部分进入第五管路e，另一部分进入第二管路b。从第三接合点C分流的制冷剂，在分别被节流和蒸发后，汇合于第六接合点F，并流入吸气管路X。
在如图5所示的第二工作模式M2，第一节流元件6关闭以切断第二管路b，第二节流元件5打开。第二节流元件5连通第五管路e与第八管路h，从而使得从第三接合点C流出的制冷剂只能进入第五管路e，并且流经第二节流元件5和蒸发器4，然后流入第八管路h。
第二节流元件5包括多个相互并联设置的膨胀阀51、52；蒸发器4包括多个相互并联设置的换热器41、42。膨胀阀51、52与换热器41、42并联连接。根据功能的不同，换热器41、42可以是用于冷却空气的翅片式换热器，也可以是用于冷却电池的制冷板，还可以是用于冷却载冷剂的换热器。膨胀阀51、52可根据需要同时开启或者只开启一个。膨胀阀51、52可以是电子膨胀阀。
当蒸发器4的蒸发温度低于空气的露点温度时，空气中的水蒸气会凝结，从而使得空气的湿度降低，从而使得空调系统100具有除湿的功能。为了避免空气的温度过低，可在蒸发器4的下游设置对空气进行加温的装置(附图未示出)，如PTC加热器，来使空气升温至正常的温度。此外，冷凝器3所释放的热量也可以用来加热该空气。
为提高空调系统100的性能，空调系统100还包括储液干燥器9和中间换热器8，储液干燥器9的入口9a用于接收被冷凝但未被节流的制冷剂；中间换热器8包括第一换热部81和第二换热部82；第一换热部81与储液干燥器9的出口9b连通，以接收从储液干燥器9流出的制冷剂；第二换热部82用于接收被节流且被蒸发的制冷剂。储液干燥器9又叫做干燥瓶。流入储液干燥器9的入口9a的被冷凝但未被节流的制冷剂可以是气液混合的状态，从出口9b流出来的制冷剂是液态。因此，储液干燥器9能够起到分离液态制冷剂和固态制冷剂的作用。因此，流入第一换热部81的制冷剂为液态，且处于冷凝但未被蒸发的状态。
此外，储液干燥器9能够储存一部分液态的制冷剂，以在不同的工作模式中对多余的制冷剂进行储存。
具体地，第一换热部81设置在第三管路c上，第二换热部82设置在吸气管路X上。储液干燥器9设置在第三管路c上，储液干燥器9的入口9a与第二接合点B连通。储液干燥器9的出口9b与第一换热部81连通。第一换热部81与第三接合点C连通。
由于流经第一换热部81的制冷剂和流经第二换热部82的制冷剂能够进行热交换，因此，第一换热部81内的被冷凝但未被节流的制冷剂能够向第二换热部82内的被节流且被蒸发的制冷剂传热，从而降低了从第一换热部81流出的制冷剂的温度，使得制冷剂被节流后的温度也能够相应降低，从而提高了空调系统的性能。此外，这一技术方案还提高了从第二换热部82流出的制冷剂的过热度，降低了液态的制冷剂被吸入压缩机的概率。
图6至图11示出了本发明的另外一个实施例。与前述实施例相比，相同的零部件采用相同的附图标记。
在图6至图11示出的实施例中，压缩机1的排气管路P包括第一排气管路P1、第二排气管路P2和第三排气管路P3。第一排气管路P1、第二排气管路P2和第三排气管路P3与第七接合点G连接并连通。第三排气管路P3与压缩机1的排气口1b连通。第二可逆管路12、第七管路g和第二排气管路P2均与第五接合点E连接并连通。第一管路a、第三管路c和第一排气管路P1均与第二接合点B连接并连通。
冷凝器3设置在第一排气管路P1上，第四截止元件76设置在第一排气管路P1上并与冷凝器3串联；第五截止元件77设置在第二排气管路P2上。
如图7、8所示，在第一工作模式M1，可逆换热器2和冷凝器3在第二接合点B和第七接合点G之间为并联连接，可逆换热器2和冷凝器3可以根据需求选择性工作，以冷凝制冷剂。
如图7所示，第四截止元件76关闭以切断第一排气管路P1，第五截止元件77打开以导通第二排气管路P2。从压缩机1的排气口1b流出的制冷剂通过第二排气管路P2和第二可逆管路12流入可逆换热器2，并在可逆换热器2内部冷凝放热。
如图8所示，第四截止元件76和第五截止元件77均为打开状态，从压缩机1的排气口1b流出的制冷剂的一部分经由第二排气管路P2和第二可逆管路12流入可逆换热器2，并在可逆换热器2中冷凝放热；另一部分流入第一排气管路P1并流入冷凝器3，在冷凝器3中冷凝放热。
如图9、10、11所示，在第二工作模式M2，第四截止元件76为打开状态，第五截止元件77为关闭状态。可逆换热器2和蒸发器4在第三接合点C和第六接合点F之间为并联连接，可逆换热器2和蒸发器4可以根据需求选择性工作，以蒸发制冷剂。
如图9所示，在第二工作模式M2，第三截止元件75打开以导通第七管路g，第四截止元件76打开以导通第一排气管路P1，第五截止元件77关闭以切断第二排气管路P2。第二节流元件5处于关闭状态。从压缩机1的排气口1b流出的制冷剂经由第三排气管路P3流入第一排气管路P1，并流入冷凝器3，在冷凝器3中冷凝放热。可逆换热器2用于接收被第一节流元件6节流的制冷剂，从而蒸发该被节流的制冷剂。蒸发器4中没有制冷剂通过。
如图10所示，在第二工作模式M2，第三截止元件75打开以导通第七管路g，第四截止元件76打开以导通第一排气管路P1，第五截止元件77关闭以切断第二排气管路P2。第二节流元件5处于打开状态。从压缩机1的排气口1b流出的制冷剂经由第三排气管路P3流入第一排气管路P1，并流入冷凝器3，在冷凝器3中冷凝放热。可逆换热器2用于接收被第一节流元件6节流的制冷剂，从而蒸发该被节流的制冷剂。蒸发器4中有制冷剂通过。
如图11所示，在第二工作模式M2，第四截止元件76打开，第五截止元件77关闭，第三截止元件75关闭。蒸发器4中有制冷剂通过。可逆换热器2中没有制冷剂通过。
本发明虽然以较佳实施例公开如上，但其并不是用来限定本发明，任何本领域技术人员在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内，都可以做出可能的变动和修改，凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容，依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何修改、等同变化及修饰，均落入本发明权利要求所界定的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种空调系统，包括储液干燥器(9)，所述储液干燥器(9)的入口(9a)被设置成接收被冷凝但未被节流的制冷剂，其特征在于，所述空调系统(100)还包括中间换热器(8)和可逆换热器(2)；
    所述中间换热器(8)包括第一换热部(81)和第二换热部(82)；所述第一换热部(81)用于接收从所述储液干燥器(9)的出口(9b)流出的制冷剂；所述第二换热部(82)被设置成接收被节流且被蒸发的制冷剂；
    所述可逆换热器(2)具有第一端口(2a)和第二端口(2b)；
    其中，被所述可逆换热器(2)冷凝的制冷剂经由所述第二端口(2b)流入所述可逆换热器(2)且经由所述第一端口(2a)流出所述可逆换热器(2)；或者
    被所述可逆换热器(2)蒸发的制冷剂经由所述第一端口(2a)流入所述可逆换热器(2)且经由所述第二端口(2b)流出所述可逆换热器(2)。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的空调系统，其特征在于，所述空调系统(100)还包括第一节流元件(6)、第一可逆管路(11)、第一单向导通元件(71)、第一管路(a)、第二管路(b)和第一接合点(A)；
    所述第一端口(2a)与所述第一可逆管路(11)连通；所述第一可逆管路(11)、所述第一管路(a)和所述第二管路(b)均与所述第一接合点(A)连接并连通；所述第一节流元件(6)设置在所述第二管路(b)上；
    所述第一单向导通元件(71)设置在所述第一管路(a)上，其中，所述第一单向导通元件(71)的入口(71a)与所述第一接合点(A)连通，以阻止制冷剂经由所述第一管路(a)而流入所述第一接合点(A)。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的空调系统，其特征在于，所述空调系统(100)还包括第二单向导通元件(72)；所述第二单向导通元件(72)设置在所述第二管路(b)上，其中，所述第二单向导通元件(72)的出口(72b)与所述第一接合点(A)连通；所述第二单向导通元件(72)的入口(72a)与所述第一节流元件(6)的出口(6b)连通。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的空调系统，其特征在于，所述空调系统(100)还包括第一截止元件(73)、第二接合点(B)、第三接合点(C)、第三管路(c)、第四管路(d) 和第五管路(e)；所述第一截止元件(73)设置在所述第四管路(d)上；所述储液干燥器(9)和所述第一换热部(81)均设置在所述第三管路(c)上；
    所述第一管路(a)、所述第三管路(c)和所述第四管路(d)均与所述第二接合点(B)连接并连通，其中，所述储液干燥器(9)的入口(9a)与所述第二接合点(B)连通；所述第二管路(b)、所述第三管路(c)和所述第五管路(e)均与所述第三接合点(C)连接并连通，其中，所述第一换热部(81)与所述第三接合点(C)连通；
    所述第一单向导通元件(71)的出口(71b)与所述第二接合点(B)连通；所述第一节流元件(6)的入口(6a)与所述第三接合点(C)连通。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的空调系统，其特征在于，所述空调系统(100)还包括第二可逆管路(12)、第二截止元件(74)、第三截止元件(75)、冷凝器(3)、第四接合点(D)、第五接合点(E)、第六管路(f)、第七管路(g)和排气管路(P)；所述冷凝器(3)设置在所述排气管路(P)上；所述第二截止元件(74)设置在所述第六管路(f)上；所述第三截止元件(75)设置在所述第七管路(g)上；
    所述第二端口(2b)与第二可逆管路(12)连通；所述第四管路(d)、所述第六管路(f)和所述排气管路(P)均与所述第四接合点(D)连接并连通；所述第二可逆管路(12)、所述第七管路(g)和所述第六管路(f)均与所述第五接合点(E)连接并连通。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的空调系统，其特征在于，所述空调系统(100)还包括蒸发器(4)、第二节流元件(5)、第六接合点(F)、第八管路(h)和吸气管路(X)；
    所述第七管路(g)、所述第八管路(h)和所述吸气管路(X)均与所述第六接合点(F)连接并连通；所述第二节流元件(5)和所述蒸发器(4)串联连接所述第五管路(e)和所述第八管路(h)；
    所述第二换热部(82)设置在所述吸气管路(X)上。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的空调系统，其特征在于，所述第二节流元件(5)包括多个相互并联设置的膨胀阀(51、52)；所述蒸发器(4)包括多个相互并联设置的换热器(41、42)。
  8. 如权利要求6所述的空调系统，其特征在于，所述蒸发器(4)包括制冷板；所述制冷板用于冷却电池。
  9. 一种空调系统的控制方法，其特征在于，
    在第一工作模式(M1)，使被可逆换热器(2)冷凝的制冷剂依次流经储液干燥器(9)和中间换热器(8)的第一换热部(81)，并使被节流且被蒸发的制冷剂流经所述中间换热器(8)的第二换热部(82)；
    在第二工作模式(M2)，使被冷凝但未被节流的制冷剂依次流经所述储液干燥器(9)和所述中间换热器(8)的所述第一换热部(81)，并使被所述可逆换热器(2)蒸发的制冷剂流经所述中间换热器(8)的第二换热部(82)。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的空调系统的控制方法，其特征在于，
    在所述第一工作模式(M1)，使被所述可逆换热器(2)冷凝的制冷剂依次流经第一接合点(A)、第一单向导通元件(71)和第二接合点(B)后再流入储液干燥器(9)；
    在所述第二工作模式(M2)，所述第一单向导通元件(71)阻止制冷剂从所述第二接合点(B)流向所述第一接合点(A)。
PCT/CN2022/095464 2021-06-04 2022-05-27 一种空调系统和空调系统的控制方法 Ceased WO2022253115A1 (zh)

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