WO2022251198A1 - Differential having an overrunning clutch with inertial compensation tuning - Google Patents
Differential having an overrunning clutch with inertial compensation tuning Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022251198A1 WO2022251198A1 PCT/US2022/030705 US2022030705W WO2022251198A1 WO 2022251198 A1 WO2022251198 A1 WO 2022251198A1 US 2022030705 W US2022030705 W US 2022030705W WO 2022251198 A1 WO2022251198 A1 WO 2022251198A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- differential
- flywheel
- cam housing
- clutch cam
- gear
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H48/00—Differential gearings
- F16H48/06—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion
- F16H48/10—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion with orbital spur gears
- F16H48/11—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion with orbital spur gears having intermeshing planet gears
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H48/00—Differential gearings
- F16H48/20—Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices
- F16H48/30—Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices using externally-actuatable means
- F16H48/34—Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices using externally-actuatable means using electromagnetic or electric actuators
Definitions
- Vehicle differentials transfer torque between a driveshaft and driven shafts (or half shafts).
- a differential allows the half shafts to rotate at different rotational speeds with relation to each other when a vehicle turns to prevent tire scrubbing, reduce transmission loads, and reduce under-steering during cornering (the tendency of the vehicle to go straight in a corner).
- bi-directional overrunning clutches ORC
- the front differential is designed to transfer torque when the rear wheels are rotating faster than the front wheels.
- Vehicle wheel and driveline speeds are not constant (i.e. rotational accelerations are always present).
- the rotational acceleration can be positive or negative.
- Causes of the accelerations include vehicle acceleration/deceleration, sudden braking, sudden changes in traction, road irregularities, bumps, jumps, u-joint phasing, etc.
- Over-running clutch designs typically incorporate a roller cage.
- a roller cage has different modes of operation.
- a rotational position of the roller cage relative to a clutch cam housing determines the operating mode of the drive.
- the drive operates as an over running clutch (ORC mode). If the cage is in its neutral position, the drive is fully disengaged. If the cage is advanced, the drive operates as an under-running clutch. If inertial torque of the roller assembly etc. is greater than the neutral mode maintaining roller centering spring, an unintended operating mode will result. This unintended operation mode may cause sudden engagements, driveline shock and unintended vehicle dynamics. Hence, it is desired to prevent inertial engagements of an unintended operating mode.
- Embodiments provide a differential having an overrunning clutch with inertial compensation tuning that prevents unintended inertial engagements between a roller cage and clutch cam housing of the overrunning clutch.
- a differential having an overrunning clutch includes a pinion, a ring gear, a clutch cam housing, a roller cage, a plurality of rollers, a cage centering spring, a first and second hub and an inertial compensation assembly.
- the pinion is configured to be in operational communication with a transmission of a vehicle.
- the ring gear is operationally engaged with the pinion.
- the clutch cam housing is operationally engaged with the ring gear.
- the clutch cam housing includes a central passage.
- An interior surface that defines the central passage of the clutch cam housing includes a plurality of cam roller features.
- the roller cage is received within the central passage of the clutch cam housing.
- the plurality of rollers are rotationally engaged with the roller cage.
- the cage centering spring is engaged with roller cage and clutch cam housing and is configured to center each of the plurality of the rollers within an associated cam roller feature in the interior surface of the clutch cam housing.
- the first hub is at least in part received within a first portion of the roller cage. A portion of the first hub engaging a first set of the plurality of rollers.
- the first hub configured to be in operational communication with a first half shaft.
- the second hub is at least in part received within a second portion of the roller cage. A portion of the second hub engages a second set of the plurality of rollers.
- the second hub configured to be in operational communication with a second half shaft.
- the inertial compensation assembly is configured to counteract inertial movement of the roller cage relative to the clutch cam housing to prevent unintended roller cage and clutch cam housing engagements.
- a differential having an overrunning clutch includes a pinion, a ring gear, a clutch cam housing, a roller cage, a plurality of rollers, a cage centering spring, a first and second hub and an inertial compensation assembly.
- the pinion is configured to be in operational communication with a transmission of a vehicle.
- the ring gear operationally engaged with the pinion.
- the clutch cam housing operationally engaged with the ring gear.
- the clutch cam housing includes a central passage.
- An interior surface that defines the central passage of the clutch cam housing includes a plurality of cam roller features.
- the roller cage is received within the central passage of the clutch cam housing.
- the plurality of rollers are rotationally engaged with the roller cage.
- a vehicle in still another embodiment, includes a plurality of wheels, a motor to generate engine torque, a transmission in operational communication with the motor and the wheels and differential.
- the differential has an overrunning clutch (ORC).
- the differential is positioned between at least one wheel and the transmission.
- the differential including a pinion, a ring gear, a clutch cam housing, a roller cage, a plurality of rollers, a cage centering spring, a first and second hub and an inertial compensation assembly.
- the pinion is configured to be in operational communication with a transmission of a vehicle.
- the ring gear is operationally engaged with the pinion.
- the clutch cam housing is operationally engaged with the ring gear.
- the clutch cam housing includes a central passage.
- An interior surface that defines the central passage of the clutch cam housing includes a plurality of cam roller features.
- the roller cage is received within the central passage of the clutch cam housing.
- the plurality of rollers are rotationally coupled to the roller cage.
- the cage centering spring is engaged with roller cage and clutch cam housing and is configured to center each of the plurality of the rollers within an associated cam roller feature in the interior surface of the clutch cam housing.
- the first hub is at least in part received within a first portion of the roller cage. A portion of the first hub engages a first set of the plurality of rollers.
- the first hub is configured to be in operational communication with a first half shaft.
- the second hub is at least in part received within a second portion of the roller cage. A portion of the second hub engages a second set of the plurality of rollers.
- the second hub is configured to be in operational communication with a second half shaft.
- the inertial compensation assembly is configured to counteract inertial movement of the roller cage in relation to the clutch cam housing to prevent un
- Figure l is a side perspective view of an assembled differential that includes an overrunning clutch with inertial compensation tuning according to one exemplary embodiment
- Figure 2 is a side view of the assembled differential of Figure 1;
- Figure 3 is an unassembled side view of some components of the differential including the overrunning clutch according to one exemplary embodiment
- Figure 4 is a side perspective view of an inertia flywheel plate according to one exemplary embodiment
- Figure 5 is a side view of an overrunning clutch armature friction plate according to one exemplary embodiment
- Figure 6 is a partial side view of the overrunning clutch armature friction plate of Figure 6;
- Figure 7 is a side perspective view of a pivot gear according to one exemplary embodiment
- Figure 9 is a cross-sectional front view of the assembled differential of Figure 1;
- Figure 10 is a partial cross-sectional front view of the assembled differential of
- Figure 15 is a partial cross-sectional front view of the assembled differential of Figure 1;
- Figure 17 is a block diagram of a vehicle that includes a differential having an overrunning clutch with inertial compensation tuning according to one exemplary embodiment
- the overrunning clutch with inertial compensation tuning system of the differential 100 further includes a clutch cam housing 126.
- Engaged on an outer surface of the clutch cam housing 126 is a ring gear 128.
- internal splines of the ring gear 128 engage external splines on the clutch cam housing 126 to lock rotation of the clutch cam housing 126 with rotation of the ring gear 128.
- the clutch cam housing/ring gear are formed from one piece.
- the clutch cam housing 126 includes a central passage 125. Cam features 126a are formed within an interior surface defining the central passage.
- the overrunning clutch with inertial compensation tuning system further includes a retaining ring 140 and plain bearing 142.
- the roller cage assembly 130 (or roller cage 130) is received within the clutch cam housing 126 such that each roller 132 held by the roller cage 130 is aligned with an associated cam feature 126a within the interior surface of the clutch cam housing 126.
- Received within the roller cage 130 are a first side hub 124, a second side hub 136 and a centering hub 134.
- the first side hub 124 and second side hub 136 are designed to couple torque between the hubs 124 and 136 and their associated half shaft 308a and 308b (illustrated in Figure 17).
- the rollers 132 of the roller cage 130 engage an outer surface of the first and second side hubs 124 and 136. In particular, a first set of rollers 132 engage a portion of the first side hub 124 and a second set of rollers 132 engage a portion of the second side hub 136.
- the rollers 132 in part, located by the roller cage 130, are operationally engaged with outer surfaces of the side hubs 124 and 136.
- a roller cage portion 130a of the roller cage 130 never directly touches the clutch cam housing 126 but is located in all degrees of freedom except rotation by the end caps 114 and 138 that are located by the clutch cam housing 126.
- the rollers 132 are in direct contact with the clutch cam features of 126a of the clutch cam housing 126 and the side hubs 124 and 136 to transfer torque between the clutch cam housing 126 and the first and second side hubs 124 and 136.
- the overrunning clutch with inertial compensation tuning system further includes a centering spring 122.
- the centering spring 122 engages the clutch cam housing 126 and the roller cage 130 to position the rollers 132 of the roller cage 130 in relation to the cam features 126a of the clutch cam housing 126 so torque is not transferred between the clutch cam housing 126 and the side hubs 124 and 136 during de-energized neutral operating conditions.
- FIG 4 illustrates a side perspective view of the flywheel plate 118.
- the flywheel plate 118 in this example includes spaced interior cutout sections 119 in an inner edge surface 118b.
- the inner edge surface 118b of the flywheel plate 118 defines an inner diameter of the flywheel plate 118.
- the interior cutout sections 119 provide windows to flywheel plate teeth 117 within each interior cutout section 119 that form a parallel axis involute spur sector gear. In this example there are three spaced axis involute spur sector gears.
- An outside edge surface 118a defines an outer diameter of the flywheel plate 118.
- the armature plate 116 includes an inner edge surface 116b that defines an inner diameter of the armature plate 116 and an outer edge surface 116a that defines an outer diameter of the armature plate 116.
- the outer edge surface 116a includes a plurality of outer cutout sections 115 that provide a plurality of spaced windows. The windows provide an opening to armature plate teeth 113 that form parallel axis involute spur sector gears.
- the outer edge surface 116a further includes spaced grooves 111.
- the spaced grooves 111 provide a scraping action to reduce oil film thickness during operation, providing a more consistent frictional torque across the range of operating rpms.
- a closeup partial view of the armature plate 116 is provided in Figure 6.
- the pivot gear 120 includes a parallel axis involute spur gear with pivot gear teeth 120a designed to engage the flywheel plate teeth 117 of the flywheel plate 118 and the armature plate teeth 113 of the armature plate 116.
- the pivot gear 120 further includes an axial retention feature 120b and a central opening 123.
- the parallel axis involute spur gear with pivot gear teeth 120a extends from the axial retention feature 120b around the central opening.
- the inertial compensation assembly includes the flywheel plate 118, the armature plate 116 and the inertial coupling assemblies 155.
- the inertial coupling assemblies 155 in this embodiment includes planetary gear trains.
- the planetary gear trains include the pivot gears 120 that are pivotally coupled to pivot post 146.
- the pivot post 146 may be fastened to one of the ring gear 128 and the clutch cam housing 126.
- each pivot gear 120 engages the flywheel plate teeth 117 of the flywheel plate 118 and the armature plate teeth 113 of the armature plate 116 to form the parallel axis involute planetary gear trains in this example embodiment.
- the use of gear trains in embodiments provides advantages over systems that may incorporate a plate slot/pivot arrangement, since a plate slot/pivot arrangement may be prone to binding where a system with planetary gear trains is not prone to binding.
- frictional drag to ground of the flywheel plate 118 via coil 112 causes a rotational relative motion between the roller cage 130 and the clutch cam housing 126.
- armature plate 116 advances the roller cage 130. This allows the output or side hubs 124 and 136 to “overrun” while not “under-run,” which may be caused by engine power engagement.
- the inertia associated with the flywheel plate 118 will have the opposite rotational reaction torque direction on the roller cage 130 due to the gear trains. Therefore, the flywheel plate 118 inertia and/or (3x) gear train can be tuned to reduce or eliminate the inertia effects of accelerating clutch cam housing 126 rotational speeds. As discussed above, the accelerations may be caused by vehicle acceleration/deceleration, sudden braking, sudden changes in traction, road irregularities, bumps, jumps, u-joint phasing, etc.
- the members Due to this acceleration, the members produce counteracting moments about the gear trains, and by extension, prevent rotation of the roller/roller cage/armature plate assembly (132, 130, 116).
- the external flywheel rotational inertia is tuned to counteract the inertia of the roller/roller cage/armature plate assembly (132, 130, 116) and prevent unintended engagements.
- Figure 9 illustrates a cross-sectional front view of the assembled differential 100 and Figure 10 illustrates a partial close-up cross-sectional view of the assembled differential 100.
- the cover 104 includes a first retention feature 152 and a second retention feature 154.
- the ORC coil 110 is received within the second retention feature 154.
- the first retention feature 152 may be used to hold an BDM coil 112 in an embodiment that includes a BDM coil 112.
- an axial retention member may be housed in the first retention feature 152 as discussed below to axially retain the flywheel plate 118 to maintain engagement with the pivot gears 120.
- FIG. 11 A cross-sectional top view of the assembled differential 100 is illustrated in Figure 11 and a close-up partial top view is illustrated in Figure 12.
- the top view of Figure 11 illustrates the pinion gear 107 of the pinion 108 that is engaged with the ring gear 128 to transfer torque.
- Figure 13 illustrates a bottom view of the assembled differential 100 and Figure 14 and the close-up partial bottom view.
- retention fasteners 160 are used in this example to retain the coils 110 and 112 in place.
- a controller 320 which may be part of an engine controller or transmission controller, is in communication with the ORC coil 110 and the BDM coil 112 (if included) via the activation input cable 133 discussed above.
- the controller is configured to activate the ORC coil(s) based on sensed conditions.
- the ORC coil is activated by a user selectable switch. If equipped with a BDM coil, when an BDM mode is selected, the BDM coil is activated until the vehicle throttle is at zero and the vehicle is below a predetermined speed. If the BDM coil is activated, the ORC coil is deactivated. Also, if the ORC coil is activated, the BDM coil is deactivated.
- Example 4 includes the differential of Example 3, wherein the inner edge surface of the flywheel plate has spaced interior cutout sections.
- the interior cutout sections provide windows to the flywheel plate teeth within each interior cutout section.
- Example 12 includes the differential of Example 11, further including a flywheel plate and an armature plate.
- the flywheel plate is received within a housing of the differential.
- the armature plate is operationally coupled to the roller cage.
- the planetary gear trains inertially coupling the flywheel plate to the armature plate.
- Each pivot gear includes pivot gear teeth that are configured to engage flywheel plate teeth and armature plate teeth of associated flywheel involute spur sector gear and armature involute spur sector gear.
- Example 16 includes the differential of any of the Examples 13-15, wherein each pivot gear is rotationally coupled to one of the ring gear and clutch cam housing.
- Example 17 includes a vehicle, the vehicle including a plurality of wheels, a motor to generate engine torque, a transmission in operational communication with the motor and the wheels and differential.
- the differential has an overrunning clutch (ORC).
- the differential is positioned between at least one wheel and the transmission.
- the differential including a pinion, a ring gear, a clutch cam housing, a roller cage, a plurality of rollers, a cage centering spring, a first and second hub and an inertial compensation assembly.
- the pinion is configured to be in operational communication with a transmission of a vehicle.
- the ring gear is operationally engaged with the pinion.
- the clutch cam housing is operationally engaged with the ring gear.
- the clutch cam housing includes a central passage. An interior surface that defines the central passage of the clutch cam housing includes a plurality of cam roller features.
- the roller cage is received within the central passage of the clutch cam housing.
- the plurality of rollers are rotationally coupled to the roller cage.
- the cage centering spring is engaged with roller cage and clutch cam housing and is configured to center each of the plurality of the rollers within an associated cam roller feature in the interior surface of the clutch cam housing.
- the first hub is at least in part received within a first portion of the roller cage. A portion of the first hub engages a first set of the plurality of rollers.
- the first hub is configured to be in operational communication with a first half shaft.
- the second hub is at least in part received within a second portion of the roller cage. A portion of the second hub engages a second set of the plurality of rollers.
- the second hub is configured to be in operational communication with a second half shaft.
- the inertial compensation assembly is configured to counteract inertial movement of the roller cage in relation to the clutch cam housing to prevent unintended roller cage and clutch cam housing engagements.
- Example 18 includes the vehicle of Example 17, wherein the inertial compensation assembly further includes a flywheel plate, an armature plate and pivot gears.
- the flywheel plate is frictionally coupled to a housing of the differential.
- the flywheel plate has an inner edge surface.
- the inner edge surface includes spaced flywheel plate teeth defining flywheel involute spur sector gears.
- the armature plate is operationally coupled to the roller cage.
- the armature plate has an outer edge surface.
- the outer edge surface includes spaced armature plate teeth that define armature involute spur sector gears.
- a pivot gear is used for each flywheel involute spur section gear and associated armature involute spur sector gear.
- Each pivot gear includes pivot gear teeth is configured to engage flywheel plate teeth and armature plate teeth of associated flywheel involute spur sector gear and armature involute spur sector gear.
- Example 19 includes the vehicle of any of the Examples 17-18, further wherein the inner edge surface of the flywheel plate has spaced interior cutout sections.
- the interior cutout sections providing windows to the flywheel plate teeth within each interior cutout section.
- the outer edge surface of the armature plate includes a plurality of spaced outer cutout section. The outer cutout sections providing windows to the armature plate teeth.
- Example 20 includes the vehicle of any of the Examples 17-19, wherein each pivot gear includes an axial retention feature and a central opening. The pivot gear teeth extending out from the axial retention feature around the central opening.
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP22731918.3A EP4348082A1 (en) | 2021-05-28 | 2022-05-24 | Differential having an overrunning clutch with inertial compensation tuning |
CN202280035059.7A CN117413136A (en) | 2021-05-28 | 2022-05-24 | Differential having overrunning clutch with inertia compensation adjustment |
MX2023013922A MX2023013922A (en) | 2021-05-28 | 2022-05-24 | Differential having an overrunning clutch with inertial compensation tuning. |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US202163194781P | 2021-05-28 | 2021-05-28 | |
US63/194,781 | 2021-05-28 | ||
US17/399,334 US11592094B2 (en) | 2021-05-28 | 2021-08-11 | Differential having an overrunning clutch with inertial compensation tuning |
US17/399,334 | 2021-08-11 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2022251198A1 true WO2022251198A1 (en) | 2022-12-01 |
Family
ID=82115770
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2022/030705 WO2022251198A1 (en) | 2021-05-28 | 2022-05-24 | Differential having an overrunning clutch with inertial compensation tuning |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP4348082A1 (en) |
MX (1) | MX2023013922A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2022251198A1 (en) |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2002040891A2 (en) * | 2000-11-17 | 2002-05-23 | Hilliard Corporation | Bi-directional overrunning clutch with automatic backdrive |
WO2004031597A1 (en) * | 2002-09-24 | 2004-04-15 | Hilliard Corporation | Bi-directional overrunning clutch for a primary drive axle |
US20130134006A1 (en) * | 2011-11-29 | 2013-05-30 | The Hilliard Corporation | Friction Disk Mechanism for Bi-Directional Overrunning Clutch |
US20200263775A1 (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2020-08-20 | Team Industries, Inc. | Differential with bi-directional overrunning clutch |
-
2022
- 2022-05-24 EP EP22731918.3A patent/EP4348082A1/en active Pending
- 2022-05-24 MX MX2023013922A patent/MX2023013922A/en unknown
- 2022-05-24 WO PCT/US2022/030705 patent/WO2022251198A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2002040891A2 (en) * | 2000-11-17 | 2002-05-23 | Hilliard Corporation | Bi-directional overrunning clutch with automatic backdrive |
WO2004031597A1 (en) * | 2002-09-24 | 2004-04-15 | Hilliard Corporation | Bi-directional overrunning clutch for a primary drive axle |
US20130134006A1 (en) * | 2011-11-29 | 2013-05-30 | The Hilliard Corporation | Friction Disk Mechanism for Bi-Directional Overrunning Clutch |
US20200263775A1 (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2020-08-20 | Team Industries, Inc. | Differential with bi-directional overrunning clutch |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
MX2023013922A (en) | 2023-12-08 |
EP4348082A1 (en) | 2024-04-10 |
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