WO2022248948A1 - Éolienne flottante - Google Patents

Éolienne flottante Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022248948A1
WO2022248948A1 PCT/IB2022/053358 IB2022053358W WO2022248948A1 WO 2022248948 A1 WO2022248948 A1 WO 2022248948A1 IB 2022053358 W IB2022053358 W IB 2022053358W WO 2022248948 A1 WO2022248948 A1 WO 2022248948A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
section
power plant
wind power
conical
designed
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2022/053358
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Matthias Schubert
Sönke Siegfriedsen
Original Assignee
Aerodyn Consultings Singapore Pte Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aerodyn Consultings Singapore Pte Ltd filed Critical Aerodyn Consultings Singapore Pte Ltd
Publication of WO2022248948A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022248948A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • B63B35/4413—Floating drilling platforms, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • B63B2035/4433—Floating structures carrying electric power plants
    • B63B2035/446—Floating structures carrying electric power plants for converting wind energy into electric energy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wind turbine with a floating foundation, which is formed from a supporting structure extending in one plane and a plurality of buoyancy bodies extending out of this plane.
  • a wind turbine with a floating foundation, which is formed from a supporting structure extending in one plane and a plurality of buoyancy bodies extending out of this plane.
  • Such a system is specifically known from EP 3 019740 B1, DE 102016 118 079 B3 and DE 102019 118 564 B4. Further floating systems are known from EP 1 876 093 A1.
  • buoyancy bodies are used for stabilization. In the majority of designs, these buoyancy bodies are connected with cantilevers to a central support structure on which the wind energy installation is founded.
  • the cantilevers are also built in various configurations, e.g. as closed beams or as dissolved (lattice) structures.
  • the buoyancy bodies are in motion relative to the waterline due to two effects: On the one hand, wave movements lead to a movement of the entire floating offshore wind turbine (around all axes) in combination with a relative movement of the water surface to the only partially submerged buoyancy bodies. Extreme wave conditions can lead to movement amplitudes that allow one of the buoyancy bodies to dive in or out completely. On the other hand, depending on the current wind speed, a thrust force is generated on the wind turbine, which acts in the center of the rotor and results in a pitching movement of the floating foundation via the lever arm of the tower.
  • the wind turbine 10' has a floating foundation 20', which is formed from a support structure 30' extending in one plane and a plurality of buoyancy bodies 40 ' extending out of this plane.
  • the support structure 30 ' is formed in particular by three support arms of the same length L, which are arranged in a star shape at an angle of 120° to one another.
  • the buoyancy bodies on the windward and leeward sides are usually dimensioned differently in order to ensure optimal swimming behavior in the main axis of the system parallel to the wind (and wave) )direction.
  • the cylindrical buoyancy bodies 40′ which are optimized in terms of hydrostatics/hydrodynamics, have the same height on the leeward side, but a cross-sectional area that is twice as large as the area of the buoyancy bodies arranged on the windward side.
  • the thrust acting on the rotor of the wind turbine causes a torque on the floating foundation, which causes the system to tilt downwind.
  • the torque from the rotor thrust must be balanced by a hydrostatic counter-torque. This results, for example, from the buoyancy bodies 40' emerging on the windward side by the distance S and the buoyant bodies 40' descending on the leeward side by S/2, or from the change in inclination by 2a.
  • This example configuration is trimmed in such a way that when the sea is stationary and the sea is calm, the inclination is -a and at maximum thrust the inclination is a.
  • buoyancy bodies 40′ dive in or emerge.
  • the buoyancy bodies in order to achieve the same change in buoyancy and thus the same counter-torque for balancing the system, the buoyancy bodies must have double the cross-sectional area in the areas that emerge and emerge. For the diameter of the buoyancy body, this means (in the case of a cylinder) an increase in diameter by a factor of 2.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to further develop the wind energy plant mentioned at the outset in such a way that the floating foundation is stabilized in the horizontal plane by means of the buoyancy bodies provided on the foundation, even in the case of dynamic loads generated by wave movements and shear forces, without increasing the load regime of the wind energy plant.
  • this object is achieved by the wind power plant having the features of claim 1 .
  • the dependent claims reflect advantageous refinements of the invention.
  • the invention is based on the finding that a bending moment acts on the structure, which essentially results from the balance of the weight and buoyancy forces that act on the structure itself, on the anchoring of the buoyancy bodies and on the buoyancy bodies.
  • the static part of this bending moment which is calculated from the balance of forces when floating in calm sea, is superimposed by a dynamic part, which results from the varying buoyancy of the buoyancy bodies entering and exiting the water.
  • the buoyancy bodies in an optimized system dive in and out almost completely in extreme waves, this results in a correspondingly large variance in buoyancy in the case of very large-volume buoyancy bodies, which affects the resulting bending moment over the entire structure.
  • the fully immersed buoyancy body determines the maximum and thus design-driving bending moment, whereby in order to keep the bending moments on the anchoring of the cantilever arms as small as possible, the volume of the buoyancy body should be designed as small as possible.
  • the basic idea of the invention is therefore to create a buoyancy body geometry in order to maximize wind yields due to minimized movements of the floating foundation, which has a cylindrical area with a cross section that remains constant over the height and within a maximum float angle range calculated for the floating wind turbine in the area of the (construction) water line thus has a constant waterline area.
  • the sections of the buoyancy body above and below the waterline that is to say those areas which are constantly arranged below or above the waterline during regular operation of the wind turbine, are designed conically in order to reduce the loading regime.
  • the float angle is understood to mean the angle about the longitudinal or transverse axis of the floating wind turbine that the floating wind turbine in the individual case differs from the normal position of the floating wind turbine deviates.
  • the maximum float angle range corresponds to that angular range around the longitudinal or transverse axis of the floating wind turbine that can be occupied by the floating wind turbine.
  • the volume above the nominal waterline results from hydrostatic stability requirements to ensure sufficient righting moment against heeling.
  • this volume must be distributed over a minimum height, which can result in different configurations for the geometry of a truncated cone.
  • an optimization will always result in the smallest possible volume distributed over the smallest possible height.
  • the cross-section of the buoyancy bodies only has to be increased for that area of the buoyancy bodies that dives in or out due to the inclination by ⁇ a.
  • this area is only a small part of the hydrostatically required total height of the buoyancy body and extends, for example, by only about 2/5 of the total height.
  • the volume below the water surface is part of the total buoyancy of the floating foundation, which determines the floating position in interaction with the masses of all components and any ballast water used. It makes sense to concentrate as much of the buoyancy as possible near the center of gravity of the system and only provide a small amount of buoyancy volume in the buoyancy bodies, because the lever arm effect of the structure from this buoyancy component in turn generates undesirable bending moments on the inner anchorage of the structure.
  • the wind turbine has a floating foundation, which is formed from a support structure extending in one plane and a plurality of buoyancy bodies extending out of this plane, with at least one buoyancy body having a cylindrical section, a section extending from the cylindrical section in the direction of the free end of the buoyant body and a first section that tapers from the cylindrical section in the direction of the support structure, the wind energy installation being designed such that the water line during operation of the wind energy installation takes into account the maximum float angle that can be assumed of the floating foundation always comes to rest in the area of the cylindrical section.
  • the first section and/or the second section is conical.
  • a preferred embodiment of the first section and/or the second section is provided as a semi-ellipsoid, in particular as a triaxial semi-ellipsoid.
  • the cylindrical section is preferably designed as a vertical cylinder or as an inclined cylinder, with the cylindrical section particularly preferably being a circular cylinder.
  • the bases of the conical sections most preferably correspond to the bases of the cylindrical section, with the sections generally not necessarily having to be in the form of segments. Rather, it is also conceivable that the buoyant body is in one piece or is composed of a multiplicity of individual elements forming the buoyant body.
  • first conical section and/or the second conical section is/are designed as a truncated cone.
  • the first conical section is designed in particular as a straight cone or as an oblique cone. The same applies to the second conical section.
  • both conical sections are designed as oblique cones, it is preferably provided that the axes of the conical sections are parallel. Alternatively, it is provided that the opening angle of the first conical section is smaller than the opening angle of the second conical section.
  • the opening angles of the sections are preferably in the range from 20° to 60°.
  • the height of the cylindrical section is preferably less than the height of the first conical section. It can in particular be provided that the height of the cylindrical section is also less than the height of the second conical section, it finally being particularly preferably provided that the height of the first conical section is greater than the height of the second conical section.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention is achieved when the wind power plant is designed as a single-point mooring wind power plant. In particular, such a system has a buoyancy body arranged on the windward side, which extends at right angles to the support structure.
  • such a system has at least one buoyancy body arranged on the leeward side, the longitudinal axis of which is inclined to the plane of the supporting structure.
  • the buoyancy body arranged on the windward side is specially designed such that the first section of the buoyancy body on the windward side has a smaller opening angle than the second section and the second section has a correspondingly lower height than the first section with the same base area.
  • FIG. 3 shows a cross section through a first exemplary embodiment of a buoyant body that is designed in a particularly preferred manner
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross section through a particularly preferred second embodiment of a buoyancy body
  • FIG 5 shows a particularly preferred third embodiment in a front view (A) and in a side view (D);
  • FIG. 6 shows a side view of a particularly preferred fourth embodiment
  • FIG. 7 shows a perspective view of a particularly preferred wind energy installation
  • FIG. 8 shows a front view of the wind power plant shown in FIG. 7 .
  • FIG. 3 shows a cross section through a first exemplary embodiment of a buoyant body that is designed in a particularly preferred manner.
  • the buoyant body 40 is part of a wind power plant, not shown in this illustration, with a floating foundation, on whose supporting structure extending in one plane the buoyant body 40 is fastened.
  • the buoyant body 40 has a cylindrical section 42, a first conical section 44 extending above the cylindrical section 42 in the direction of the free end of the buoyant body 40, and a second conical section 46 extending below the cylindrical section 42 in the direction of the support structure (not shown). on.
  • the cylindrical section 42 is designed as a vertical circular cylinder, with the bases of the conical sections 44, 46 corresponding to the bases of the cylindrical section 42.
  • the conical portions 44, 46 are specifically formed as truncated cones. A closer look at the exemplary embodiment also reveals that the opening angle of the first conical section 44 is smaller than the opening angle of the second conical section 46 .
  • the wind energy installation is to be designed such that the waterline WL always lies in the area of the cylindrical section 42 during operation of the wind energy installation, taking into account the maximum float angle a that can be assumed by the floating foundation.
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross section through a particularly preferred embodiment of a second embodiment of a buoyant body, which is suitable in particular as a buoyant body on the windward side of a single-point mooring wind energy installation.
  • the buoyant body 40 ' has a cylindrical section 42, a first section 44 tapering from the cylindrical section 42 in the direction of the free end of the buoyant body 40, and a first section 44 that extends from the cylindrical section 42 in the direction of the support structure 30 tapered second portion 46 on.
  • the first section 44 and the second section 46 are designed in particular as truncated cones.
  • the second section 46 has a much larger opening angle than the first section 44, the second section 46 having a substantially lower height than the first section 44 has.
  • This special configuration serves to largely reduce the buoyancy of the second section 46 arranged below the cylindrical section 42, so that the second section 46 in the present example specifically counteracts the “slamming” when the buoyancy body enters a wave.
  • FIG. 5 shows a particularly preferably designed third exemplary embodiment in a front view (A) and a side view (B).
  • FIG. 5 shows a buoyancy body 40 having a cylindrical portion 42 and two portions 44, 46 extending from the cylindrical portion 42, each formed as a triaxial semi-ellipsoid.
  • FIG. 6 shows a side view of a particularly preferred embodiment of a fourth exemplary embodiment of a buoyant body arranged on the leeward side of a single-point mooring wind energy installation.
  • the buoyant body 40 shown in FIG. 6 has the special feature that the axis of the buoyant body 40 arranged on the leeward side on the support structure 30 of the foundation 20 of the wind turbine is inclined in the direction of an energy conversion unit.
  • the cylindrical section 42 is designed as an oblique cylinder and the first conical section 44 and the second conical section 46 are designed as oblique cones.
  • the included angles of the conical sections 44, 46 are identical, with the axes of the conical sections 44, 46 being parallel to one another
  • the cylindrical portion 42 may have a circular base.
  • the base area is preferably designed as an ellipse whose longitudinal axis coincides with the longitudinal axis of the floating foundation 30 .
  • Fig. 7 shows a perspective view of a particularly preferably configured wind turbine 10.
  • the floating wind turbine 10 essentially shows the features of the wind turbine known as “nezzy 2 ” with a floating foundation 20, which has a support structure 30 extending in one plane and a plurality of has buoyancy bodies 40 extending out of this plane.
  • buoyancy bodies 40 provided. Which essentially correspond to the aforementioned examples of buoyancy bodies 40 in their construction.
  • buoyancy bodies 40 of the floating wind energy installation 10 it is not absolutely necessary for all buoyancy bodies 40 of the floating wind energy installation 10 to be of identical design. What they have in common, however, is the construction of a cylindrical section, a first conical section extending from the cylindrical section in the direction of the free end of the buoyancy body 40 and a second conical section extending from the cylindrical section in the direction of the support structure 30 . In this case—as the buoyancy body 40 arranged on the windward side shows—the conical section extending in the direction of the supporting structure 30 does not necessarily have to reach up to the supporting structure 30 .
  • FIG. 8 shows a frontal view of the wind energy installation shown in FIG.
  • the buoyancy bodies 40 arranged on the leeward side are inclined outwards with a basically identical axial structure and at the same time serve to brace the outriggers arranged on the tower.
  • the buoyant body 40 arranged on the windward side extends perpendicular to the plane of the supporting structure.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une éolienne (10) ayant une base flottante (20), qui est formée par une structure de support (30) qui s'étend dans un plan et une pluralité de flotteurs (40) s'étendant à partir de ce plan, étant caractérisée en ce qu'au moins un flotteur (40) présente une partie cylindrique (42) ; une première partie (44) qui devient plus étroite à partir de la partie cylindrique (42) dans la direction de l'extrémité libre du flotteur (42) ; et une seconde partie (46) qui devient plus étroite à partir de la partie cylindrique (42) dans la direction de la structure de support.
PCT/IB2022/053358 2021-05-25 2022-04-11 Éolienne flottante WO2022248948A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102021113385.8 2021-05-25
DE102021113385.8A DE102021113385B4 (de) 2021-05-25 2021-05-25 Schwimmende Windenergieanlage

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2022248948A1 true WO2022248948A1 (fr) 2022-12-01

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ID=81308141

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB2022/053358 WO2022248948A1 (fr) 2021-05-25 2022-04-11 Éolienne flottante

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DE (1) DE102021113385B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2022248948A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2024131858A1 (fr) * 2022-12-23 2024-06-27 华东勘测设计院(福建)有限公司 Fondation flottante d'énergie éolienne en mer à amarrage à point unique à double flotteur et son procédé d'installation

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1876093A1 (fr) 2006-07-07 2008-01-09 Arcadis Consult GmbH Fondation offshore flottante et procédé de son réalisation
DE102016118079B3 (de) 2016-09-26 2017-09-28 Aerodyn Engineering Gmbh Mooring-Boje für eine schwimmende Windenergieanlage
EP3019740B1 (fr) 2014-07-01 2017-11-01 Aerodyn Engineering GmbH Éolienne flottante à base flottante et procédé d'installation d'une éolienne flottante de ce type
CN110001877A (zh) * 2019-04-17 2019-07-12 华南理工大学 一种变截面型三浮体式海上风电基础
WO2019152477A1 (fr) * 2018-01-30 2019-08-08 Alliance For Sustainable Energy, Llc Sous-structures aquatiques flexibles
DE102019118564B4 (de) 2019-07-09 2021-03-11 Aerodyn Consulting Singapore Pte Ltd Windenergieanlage mit einem eine Mehrzahl von Auftriebskörpern aufweisenden schwimmenden Fundament
CN112722179A (zh) * 2021-01-29 2021-04-30 明阳智慧能源集团股份公司 一种适用于漂浮式风电机组的浮筒
US20210146307A1 (en) * 2017-09-22 2021-05-20 Dehlsen Associates of the Pacific, Limited Wind and wave desalination vessel

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1876093A1 (fr) 2006-07-07 2008-01-09 Arcadis Consult GmbH Fondation offshore flottante et procédé de son réalisation
EP3019740B1 (fr) 2014-07-01 2017-11-01 Aerodyn Engineering GmbH Éolienne flottante à base flottante et procédé d'installation d'une éolienne flottante de ce type
DE102016118079B3 (de) 2016-09-26 2017-09-28 Aerodyn Engineering Gmbh Mooring-Boje für eine schwimmende Windenergieanlage
US20210146307A1 (en) * 2017-09-22 2021-05-20 Dehlsen Associates of the Pacific, Limited Wind and wave desalination vessel
WO2019152477A1 (fr) * 2018-01-30 2019-08-08 Alliance For Sustainable Energy, Llc Sous-structures aquatiques flexibles
CN110001877A (zh) * 2019-04-17 2019-07-12 华南理工大学 一种变截面型三浮体式海上风电基础
DE102019118564B4 (de) 2019-07-09 2021-03-11 Aerodyn Consulting Singapore Pte Ltd Windenergieanlage mit einem eine Mehrzahl von Auftriebskörpern aufweisenden schwimmenden Fundament
CN112722179A (zh) * 2021-01-29 2021-04-30 明阳智慧能源集团股份公司 一种适用于漂浮式风电机组的浮筒

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2024131858A1 (fr) * 2022-12-23 2024-06-27 华东勘测设计院(福建)有限公司 Fondation flottante d'énergie éolienne en mer à amarrage à point unique à double flotteur et son procédé d'installation

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Publication number Publication date
DE102021113385B4 (de) 2023-02-23
DE102021113385A1 (de) 2022-12-01

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