WO2022248924A1

WO2022248924A1 - Water purification device and system using clean energy

Info

Publication number: WO2022248924A1
Application number: PCT/IB2021/056010
Authority: WO
Inventors: Saeid VAHEDIAN JAVAHERI; Ali MADDAH; Hanieh TAVASSOLI
Original assignee: Vahedian Javaheri Saeid; Maddah Ali
Priority date: 2021-07-05
Filing date: 2021-07-05
Publication date: 2022-12-01

Abstract

The invention of water purification device and system using clean energy which relates to water purification and water supply and separation of impurities from water to make potable water for industrial and agricultural purposes, all of which is consumed from clean natural energy especially solar energy according to the geographical latitude. In this invention crushed pieces of dark colored stones, which are non-reactive with water and also have optimal and high porosity and heat capacity, have been used as solar batteries. In this invention the saline water is sprayed on the stones by nozzles which are mounted in the main tube that is the passage of stones to evaporate the waste water and transfer it to the condenser by the gas transfer tube to make the potable water. Also at least one mirror is used in the system to accelerate the absorption of solar energy.

Description

WATER PURIFICATION DEVICE AND SYSTEM USING CLEAN ENERGY

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the field of water purification and water supply and separation of impurities from water for drinking, industrial and agricultural purposes, all of which is consumed from clean natural energy.

PRIOR ART given to the direct relationship between accessing to sustainable water resources and development of various fields of agriculture, industry, humanities and urbanization and on the other hand the profound and rapid effects of climate change and less rainfall and the process of drying and desertification in more and more parts of the world, there is a lot of pressure on limited freshwater resources that the need to replace new resources is felt more than ever.

One method which is used currently is seawater desalination, which in various technologies using in this method requires a lot of facilities and infrastructure to implement, which due to the large scale and volume of construction it is monopolized by governments or large companies, and new power plants must be built for them due to high electricity consumption.

In other methods, such as the use of industrial and domestic wastewater sources, as well as unconventional water, which in various technologies for wastewater treatment requires multiple infrastructure and complex facilities and expensive technology which is practically impossible to implement it in different regions, mainly due to technological, economic and development issues cause drinking water to be very expensive and lacks economic development so it is less developed in the economy. Some related arts are as below: A Chinese Patent No. CN1467163A filed on 14/07/2014 titled “Novel solar energy water purifier” provided a solar water purifier features that the water discharging bodies and anti-waving plates in the solar purifying tubes are serially connected to branch steam tube, the external diameter of water discharging body is shorter than the internal diameter of solar vacuum heat-collecting tube, there are bristles on the external surface of water discharging body, and the trace element additive useful to human body is added in the pipeline between branch steam tube and clean water pool. In general, the heat energy of the sun is collected as heat in the vacuum tubes in the invention. The untreated water evaporates due to the high temperature of the tube, and the resulting steam enters the condenser to obtain pure water. Another Chinese Patent No. CN102887556B granted on 10/12/2014 titled “Solar seawater desalinization machine, water distillator and solar boiler” a solar seawater desalinization machine, a water distillator and a solar boiler, which have the structure of combining a sun-facing machine and a multi- sunlight machine. The seawater desalinization machine can directly convert seawater into distilled water, and the water distillator can convert unclean water into distilled water. The solar boiler comprises a solar hot water boiler, a solar low pressure steam generator, a solar medium pressure steam generator and a solar high pressure steam generator. The invention belongs to solar power engineering equipment, and a method for generating high-pressure steam by connecting a plurality of steam generators connected in series and parallel and storing an auxiliary heat source in an underground heat-preserved ditch is adopted. In order to realize all-weather power generation, the auxiliary parallel connection of a 'wind-photoelectric hybrid generator' is adopted to achieve the use of electric energy, wind energy and heat energy simultaneously and electric energy, wind energy and heat energy can be used as auxiliary energy at night. Because high pressure steam used for generating power is subjected to auxiliary control of quantification and constant temperature, the steam turbine can uniformly run to generate power.

A Chinese Patent No. CN103951007 filed on 02/04/2014 titled “Solar energy water purifier” shows a solar energy water purifier, which comprises a purifying pool, a clean water tank, a condensation plate (a cool plate which acts as , a water inlet, a water outlet, a vacuum port and a cooling port, the clean water tank is arranged at one side of the purifying pool, the condensation plate is arranged on the upper end of the purifying pool and the clean water tank, the water inlet is arranged at the upper end of the purifying pool, the water outlet is arranged at the lower end of the purifying pool, the vacuum port is arranged at the top of the purifying pool, and the cooling port is arranged at the upper end of the condensation plate.

A Japanese Patent No. JP2006181516A filed on 28/12/2014 titled “Fresh water generator utilizing solar power generation” is a fresh water generation device which can generate high-purity fresh water from seawater or water by a relatively simple device which is easy to maintain by using solar power generation. A compressor is operated by electric by electric power generated by a solar cell to generate thermal energy and cold energy through a refrigeration cycle. The thermal energy is sent to the heating means provided in the heating tank to heat, for example, seawater stored in the heating tank to generate water vapor. Water vapor generated in the heating tank flows into the cooling tank through the communication tube. The cold energy is sent to the cooling means provided in the cooling tank, and the water vapor flowing into the cooling tank is cooled to generate water droplets. Water droplets generated in the cooling tank can be stored as fresh water at the inner bottom of the cooling tank.

A Chinese Patent No. CN103466735A filed on 10/09/2013 titled “Solar evaporating purifier” provides a solar evaporating purifier, comprising a vacuum tube, a reflector, a water tank, a water pump, a condensation tank and a vacuum pipeline, wherein the vacuum tube is arranged under the water tank; the reflector is arranged behind the vacuum tube; the water pump is arranged outside the water tank; the condensation tank is connected above the water tank; the condensation tank is provided with a vacuum opening, then enters the cooling cylinder which is made of stainless steel. For rapid evaporation, vacuum drop is used in this invention.

A Japanese Patent No. JP3766309B2 granted on 12/04/2006 titled “Desalination plant using solar thermal energy” related to a solar water desalination plant constructed on a coastline in a dry zone rich in solar thermal energy and purifying seawater into fresh water using the solar thermal energy. In this device which desalinates sea water the land well in which the ore is loaded on the bottom reaching the seawater layer, into which the seawater is introduced, the seawater water tank in which the ore is arranged to filter the seawater. One or more evaporative water tanks are included in the evaporating chamber and a condenser lens installed above the evaporating water tank. Fresh water that has been dehydrated by the dehumidifier and condensed into a liquid is collected in the fresh water storage tank and stored.

A Chinese Patent No. CN2367601Y granted on 08/03/2000 titled “Solar sea-water desalination apparatus” relates to a solar sea-water desalinating apparatus, which mainly provides an apparatus which uses solar energy as power and gasifies sea water to generate good-quality fresh water below the boiling point of the sea water for desalinating the sea water and inland bitter and salt water. An evaporator forming an angle of 30DEG with a horizontal plane is obliquely arranged on the whole solar sea-water desalinating apparatus, and a steam chamber, a condenser, an air tank, a fan, a water tank and a pipeline are arranged below the evaporator. Deep-layer low-temperature sea water extracted by the utility model passes through the condenser and then is sprayed on an evaporating plate to be heated and evaporated by the solar energy, and water steam is condensed into the fresh water by the condenser. The fan exhausts air to make the inner parts of the evaporator and the steam chamber form negative pressure so as to accelerate the gasification of the sea water.

A Chinese Patent No. CN2557514Y granted on 25/06/2003 titled “Solar energy water purifier” is a solar energy water purification device which belongs to the environmental protection water purification category. The device comprises a water tank, a sluice gate, a hose, a brace rod, a condensing agent outlet tube, a condensing cover, a condensing cover interlayer and a condensing agent inlet tube, this device utilizes the solar energy to heat the water waiting to be purified so as to cool and recover the water after evaporation, then the impurities in the water can be removed and the purified water can be used.

A Chinese Patent No. CN1323266C granted on 27/06/2007 titled “Solar energy heat tube type groundwater directly purifying device” relates to a solar energy heat tube type device for directly purifying groundwater. The device is provided with a solar energy reflecting pot. A solar energy collector is arranged in the focal position of the solar energy reflecting pot, and the heat collector is an evaporation zone (heating zone) of a heat tube without gravity. A heat insulation tube is sheathed outside the heat tube without gravity. A well water heater is arranged at the lower end of the heat insulation tube. The condensation section (cooling section) of the heat tube without gravity is arranged in the well water heater. A one-way stop valve is arranged at the bottom of the well water heater. The upper part of the heat insulation tube above the well surface is communicated with a condenser which can be an air condenser, and the condenser is communicated with a water storage tank.

A Chinese Patent No. CN104671313A granted on 18/01/2017 titled “Solar sea water desalination device” relates to a solar sea water desalination device. The device comprises an outer tank body, a fresh water storage box, a sea water airing tank, a condensing agent recovery tank, a condensing agent storage box, a condensing agent pump, an air pump, a condenser and a condensing agent tube. A light- transmitting layer is arranged on the outer tank body along tank walls; the fresh water storage box is provided with a fresh water output tube the sea water airing tank is mounted at the top of the fresh water storage box in a sealed manner and is a dark metal airing tank; columnar bulges are arranged at the inner tank bottom of the sea water airing tank, a light-transmitting thin-wall condensing layer is arranged along top ends of tank walls, and a floating-ball water level control switch is arranged at the tank bottom on one side.

A Chinese patent No. CN105776384A filed on 15/12/2014 titled “Negative- pressure solar-energy seawater desalination device” relates to a negative-pressure solar-energy seawater desalination device. The device comprises transparent glass housing, a freshwater tank, a seawater tank, a vacuuming tube, a vacuum pump, a pressurized seawater tube, an evaporation liquid surface, a seawater nozzle, a freshwater outlet tube, a freshwater collection tank, and a freshwater outlet valve. A sealed seawater evaporation space is formed by the transparent glass housing, the freshwater tank and the seawater tank. A German Patent No. DE102006018127A1 granted on 01/08/2013 titled “Water desalination plant for the production of fresh water from seawater, brackish water/salty ground water, comprises a solar collector, a preheating tank, a disk shaped evaporator and a condenser directly arranged below the evaporator” is a water desalination plant for the production of fresh water from sea water, brackish water or salty ground water, comprises a condenser directly arranged below a disk shaped evaporator, a saltwater tank arranged below a collector, and a solar collector having a flat external container with a transparent upper surface, that is placed under a predetermined angle for middle sunset, and a flat internal container out of heat conducting metal, which is insulated heat against the external container. The internal container is arranged with a black heat conducting cover. The salt water with low pressure in the evaporator is evaporated in a thin layer by solar energy and condenses at the condenser. The upper surface of the solar collector has a high translucence and a slight reflection factor. The inner area of the external container shows vacuum. The evaporator is constructed similarly to the solar collector with internal- and external containers. The preheating tank is fixed diagonally over the solar collector and has a black surface, which receives solar energy and further heats the salt water by using the energy. The steam produced in the evaporator is used as an energy source for operating a motor, which is used to drive the suction pump.

A US Patent No. US4921580A granted on 01/05/1990 titled “ Solar water distiller” is a water distiller utilizing a spherical boiler formed with an underlying concave reflective lens arranged for tracking of the position of the sun to effect boiling of water provided within the solar boiler. Water vapor is forcibly removed from the uppermost portion of the spherical boiler by a solar powered pump directing the cooling water into a condensate tank that is provided with a pressure relief valve. Another Chinese Patent No. CN201678475U granted on 22/12/2010 titled “Solar seawater desalination device” provides a solar seawater desalination device mainly consists of a vacuum tube type solar heat collector, a pressure reducing valve, a seawater evaporator, a horizontal-tube heat exchanger, a water ring vacuum pump, a fresh water tank, a strong brine tank and a seawater trough. Condensed steam is absorbed by a water ring in the vacuum pump and then converted into fresh water, higher negative pressure is generated in the evaporator due to action of the vacuum pump to reduce evaporation temperature of seawater, hot seawater in the solar heat collector flows circularly in the horizontal-tube heat exchanger to provide heat for evaporation of seawater.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is a system and method for producing potable water from non-potable water so that it is possible to treat and desalinate the mentioned water with the lowest cost and according to the geographical latitude.

In this invention, in order to use the clean energy more than the sun, crushed pieces of dark colored stones, which are non-reactive with water and also have optimal and high porosity and heat capacity, have been used. These stones are defined as solar batteries. This device performs as below:

The rails on the ground (Figure 14) are perpendicular to each other based on the movement of the chariot (Figure 16) and the cart (Figure 15). In this way, the chariot can move the cart to the desired rows. There is a row of rails on the chariot so that the cart can be mounted on the chariot in order to be transported to the desired rows and loading.

In designing the cart (Figure 15), two jacks are installed under the wagon at the beginning and end of it, which creates a sloping surface to collect and discharge materials. For discharging the material from inside of wagon, the rear jack moves upwards and creates a slope to the outside of wagon, and to collect charged batteries, the front jack moves upwards and creates a slope to inside of wagon. Also, to collect the batteries, the entrance of the wagon is designed as a shovel, which moves the charged batteries into the wagon by moving the cart forward.

First, the cart is placed on the chariot and loaded under the conveyor belt and by moving the cart, it is transferred to the desired row and by using the rear jack, the material is discharged from inside of wagon and after finishing one row, the mentioned items are also done for other rows. The crushed pieces of dark stones (Figure 1-1) in an area where are exposed to sunlight for hours to store solar energy directly as heat energy in batteries based on latitude and according to the capacity of the device and the amount of radiation. To double the absorption of solar energy, next to each row, there is a row of mirrors (Figure 1-3) that accelerates the receipt of heat energy from the sun. After distributing and charging, the batteries are transferred to inside of wagon by using the front jack and the movement of the cart for collecting them. The loaded cart is placed on the chariot and moves towards the hopper (Figure 1-6), and discharges its load into the hopper coming down to the main tube (Figure 1-8).

There is a valve at the beginning of the main tube, when it opens the required amount of material is transferred into the main tube. It is transferred by collecting solar batteries in an insulated tube with a slope equal to the mechanical thrust angle of the stone particles, in which the batteries move by gravity in the tube due to the slope of the tubes. To use the more capacity of the batteries along the tube at several points, stairs are defined to turn the solar batteries upside down. Simultaneously with the movement of the batteries, the consumption water of the system which is saline water or waste water is sprayed on the batteries from the nozzles in the form of droplets (Figure 1-7). Throughout the tube, air flows through the batteries at a determined speed and pressure and is controlled by a ventilator. Over time, batteries gradually release their heat energy into the water, and as the air moves and the pressure changes, more water evaporates. In general, in the tube, the best environmental conditions are restored to maximize evaporation.

At the end of the tube, heated and saturated water vapor is transferred to the condenser by the gas transfer tube (Figure 1-13).

Then, at the end of the main tube, the solar batteries are discharged and makes possible to discharge using a two ply valve without changing the pressure in the system. After leaving the main tube, the batteries first enter the washing machine for reuse (Figure 11) in order to dissolve the water impurities that have deposited on the batteries and then the waste water resulting from washing the stones by the machine enters the evaporation pool (Fig. 1-19) by suction and waste water pump (Fig. 18) to completely remove the impurity which is sea salt which has various uses. After washing, the batteries are transported to the ground by a conveyor belt (Figure 1-12) and placed in front of the sun for recharging.

Water vapor is transferred by a split (Figure 1-14) to the condensers (Figure 1-15) which are dug as a cellar at an appropriate depth in the ground. Each condenser has a long thick tube, at the beginning and end of which is made of revetment. The inside of the tube is divided into several sections by separating nets (Figure 12-22) and at the end of each section there is an outlet for water without any contamination which is connected to the water transfer tube (Figure 1-16). Each part of the condenser is filled with pieces of glass (Fig. 13-23). The further we go along the tube, the smaller the size of the glass pieces, and the greater the number of them to minimize the percentage of energy loss.

Around the cellar are panels that draw water from the lower part of the sea. This water helps to keep the surrounding area cool and enters the beginning of the system after receiving heat energy and heating. Due to the dimensions and capacity of the cellar and heat exchange, water vapor gradually settles on the glass in the form of dew and is released by gravity in the cellar floor from the outlet of each section of water without any contamination.

At the cellar outlet, due to existence of the air for a long time in the cellar, has opportunity for heat exchanging and the relative humidity of the air reaches the allowable limit, according to the optimal pressure defined for the cellar, the remaining water vapor enters a converter which can convert the final humidity of the air into water without contamination, and transfer the water to the water transfer tube with an outlet at the end of the heat exchanger and the dehumidified air is discharged by an exhaust fan (Figure 9). To control air pressure and water movement in the system, simple ventilator and pumps are used to supply their energy consumption by conventional solar panels (Figure 10).

According to the operating process and mechanism of the device, all energy consumption of the system is provided from clean and renewable solar energy and by using the laws of physics, and the system is defined as free of any biological and environmental pollutions.

Depending on the required capacity, it is possible to use several systems in parallel, and depending on the need, the level of technology used can be changed to higher or lower standards.

The invention of water purification device and system using clean energy contains at least one railing land and at least one material depot and at least one solar cell distribution line that absorbs solar power and at least one chariot used to move the cart and at least one cart used to carry the batteries and at least one mirror used to accelerate the absorption of solar energy and at least one hopper to transfer the batteries to the main tube and at least one tube with several stairs in tube direction to pass solar batteries and at least two two-ply valves to enter and exit the batteries from the tube without changing the pressure and at least one nozzle to spray water with solutes or wastewater on the batteries and at least some ventilator to control the pressure and speed of the air inside the tube and at least one washing device for solutes or waste water which left on the batteries and at least one suction and pumping device to transfer the waste water to the pond and at least one pond to collect and use solutes (salt) and at least one conveyor belt to transfer the batteries after washing to the ground and at least one gas transfer pipe to transfer water vapor to the condenser and at least one condenser to convert water vapor to potable water and at least a number of glass pieces in different sizes to use when converting water vapor to potable water and at least one heat exchanger to prevent energy loss and convert water vapor to potable water and at least one exhaust fan to discharge the air inside the line and at least one solar panel to provide the necessary power and at least a number of electronic batteries to provide energy at night. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

Figure 1 shows three dimensional overview of the device, including: 1. Railing land 2. Crushing piece of dark colored stones

3. Mirror

4. Loading and discharging cart

5. Cart transferring chariot

6. Battery transferring hopper 7. Impure water nozzles

8. Main tube

9. Stone washing device

10. Waste water suction and pump device 11.Dark colored stones deposit 12. Conveyor belt for transferring the stones

13. Gas transferring tube (evaporated water)

14. Cellar split

15. Cellar (condenser)

16. Water transferring tube

17. Fan 18. Solar panels

19. Waste water laver

20. Electrical battery

Figure 2 shows the front and total view of the device Figure 3 shows the upper and total view of the device Figure 4 shows the side and total view of the device

Figure 5 shows the three-dimensional view of hopper, tube, water nozzles, washing device, condenser and fan

21.Heat exchanger Figure 6 shows the side view of hopper, tube, water nozzles, washing device, condenser and fan

Figure 7 shows the front view of hopper, tube, water nozzles, washing device, condenser and fan

Figure 8 shows the upper view of hopper, tube, water nozzles, washing device, condenser and fan

Figure 9 shows the three dimensional image of the fan Figure 10 shows the three dimensional image of the land and solar panels Figure 11 shows the three dimensional image of stone washing device Figure 12 shows the three dimensional image of divided condenser by net. 22. Separating net of condenser tube

Figure 13 shows the three dimensional and sectorial image of condenser 23. Pieces of glass

Figure 14 shows the three dimensional image of railing land, chariot, cart, dark colored stones and mirror

Figure 15 shows the three dimensional image of the cart Figure 16 shows the three dimensional image of the chariot

Figure 17 shows the three dimensional image of the water nozzle

Figure 18 shows the three dimensional image of the waste water suction and pump device ADVANTAGEOUS OF THE INVETION

The present invention, due to the simplicity and dependence on the dimensions of the used technology as well as the direct use of solar energy which is available in various places free of charge, can be used in the industrial field for factory waste water and for a wide range from small workshops to medium and large factories even in parent industries.

By using this system, there is agricultural water supply for farms and villages and drinking water for small and medium villages and towns.

Claims

What is claimed is:

1. The invention of water purification device and system using clean energy contains at least one railing land and at least one material depot and at least one solar cell distribution line that absorbs solar power and at least one chariot used to move the cart and at least one cart used to carry the batteries and at least one mirror used to accelerate the absorption of solar energy and at least one hopper to transfer the batteries to the main tube and at least one tube with several stairs in tube direction to pass solar batteries and at least two two-ply valves to enter and exit the batteries from the tube without changing the pressure and at least one nozzle to spray water with solutes or wastewater on the batteries and at least some ventilator to control the pressure and speed of the air inside the tube and at least one washing device for solutes or waste water which left on the batteries and at least one suction and pumping device to transfer the waste water to the pond and at least one pond to collect and use solutes (salt) and at least one conveyor belt to transfer the batteries after washing to the ground and at least one gas transfer pipe to transfer water vapor to the condenser and at least one condenser to convert water vapor to potable water and at least a number of glass pieces in different sizes to use when converting water vapor to potable water and at least one heat exchanger to prevent energy loss and convert water vapor to potable water and at least one exhaust fan to discharge the air inside the line and at least one solar panel to provide the necessary power and at least a number of electronic batteries to provide energy at night.

2. Water purification device and system according to claim 1 which by using clean energy (which is the same as solar energy) and the properties of materials causes the separation of impurities from water.

3. Water purification device and system according to claim 1 which for water treatment, crushed pieces of dark stones are used, which are non-reactive with water and also have high and optimal porosity and heat capacity.

4. Water purification device and system according to claim 1 in which the ground rails are perpendicular to each other based on the movement of the chariot and the cart, and thus the chariot can move the cart to the desired rows.

5. Water purification device and system according to claim 1 in which in part of the cart design, two jacks are installed at the beginning and end under the wagon, which creates a sloping surface to collect and empty materials.

6. Water purification device and system according to claim 1 in which to collect the batteries, the entrance of the wagon is designed as a shovel that moves the charged batteries into the wagon by moving the cart forward.

7. Water purification device and system according to claim 1 in which in order to double the absorption of solar energy, a row of mirrors is placed next to each row to accelerate the receipt of heat energy from the sun.

8. Water purification device and system according to claim 1 in which at the beginning of the main tube there is a valve that when opened, the battery is transferred to the required amount into the main tube and due to the slope of the tube, the batteries move by gravity in that.

9. Water purification device and system according to claim 1 in which to use the more capacity of the batteries along the tube, at several points satires are defined to turn the solar batteries upside down.

10. Water purification device and system according to claim 1 in which a number of ventilators are installed along the entire length of the tube, so that air can be controlled at a controlled speed and pressure and flow between the batteries.

11. Water purification device and system according to claim 1 in which at the end of the tube, heated air and saturated water vapor are transferred to the condenser by the gas transfer tube.

12. Water purification device and system according to claim 1 in which the mounted part inside the condenser is filled with glass pieces, and by further going along the tube, the smaller the glass pieces and the greater the number of them to minimize the percentage of energy loss.

13. Water purification device and system according to claim 1 in which around the cellar of the line, panels are placed that take water from part of the sea which has a lower temperature, and according to the dimensions and capacity of the cellar and heat exchange, water vapor gradually forms dew on the glass and exits the cellar floor by gravity without any contamination.

14. Water purification device and system according to claim 1 in which the remaining percentage of water vapor enters the heat exchanger, which converts the final amount of air humidity into water without contamination.

15. Water purification device and system according to claim 1 in which according to the operating process and operation of the device, all energy consumption of the system is provided by clean and renewable solar energy and using the laws of physics.