WO2022248230A1 - Verfahren zur prüfung einer konfiguration mindestens einer komponente einer automatisierungsanlage und automatisierungsanlage - Google Patents
Verfahren zur prüfung einer konfiguration mindestens einer komponente einer automatisierungsanlage und automatisierungsanlage Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022248230A1 WO2022248230A1 PCT/EP2022/062817 EP2022062817W WO2022248230A1 WO 2022248230 A1 WO2022248230 A1 WO 2022248230A1 EP 2022062817 W EP2022062817 W EP 2022062817W WO 2022248230 A1 WO2022248230 A1 WO 2022248230A1
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- component
- comp2
- comp3
- automation system
- comp1
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 54
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 22
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 22
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for checking a configuration of at least one component of an automation system and an automation system with at least one component.
- Industrial plants in particular automation plants, often have components that often have to be reconfigured.
- the network infrastructure often changes due to the addition of new components or components with changed work tasks are used in an automation system. This can be the case in particular with flexible production, ie in Industry 4.0. It is also referred to there as “Plug and Produce”.
- the workflow and consequently the work instructions for components can continue to change in automation systems, which makes it necessary to reconfigure the components. In the case of a new configuration of components, it is known to accept configuration data of the new configuration without checking.
- the object of the invention is to specify an improved automation system with at least one component, the system having in particular improved operational reliability and/or data security.
- This object of the invention is achieved with a method for testing a configuration of at least one component of an automation system with the features specified in claim 1 and with an automation system with the features specified in claim 8 .
- Preferred developments of the invention are specified in the associated subclaims, the following descriptions and the drawing.
- configuration data of the at least one component are checked for admissibility by means of at least one checking server that is different from the at least one component.
- a configuration of the at least one component is therefore not checked by means of the check server provided according to the invention in such a way that the configuration data of this at least one component is only subjected to a check internally within the at least one component, but the check of the at least one component takes place by means of a test server that is different from the at least one component. Consequently, in the method according to the invention, the checking of the configuration of the at least one component is not limited solely to the checking of the at least one component limited to itself, but the test server, as part of the automation system that is different from the at least one component, can test the configuration data of the at least one component in such a way that the test server contains additional circumstances and information about the automation system that are not localized within the at least one component examination taken into account.
- the configuration data can therefore be checked depending on a context of the at least one component in which it is embedded. This circumstance makes it possible to ensure improved operational reliability and improved data security of the automation system.
- the configuration data are checked as a function of a current operating mode of the automation system.
- the configuration is checked, which advantageously does not isolate at least one component, but instead the configuration is checked, the at least one component takes into account a current operating mode of the automation system.
- the operating mode of the automation system particularly preferably not only includes an operating mode of the at least one component in isolation, but the operating mode of the automation system also relates to one or more other components of the automation system in addition to the at least one component.
- checking the configuration of the at least one component can take context information of the overall context of the automation system into account. Taking such an overall context of the automation system into account makes it possible to detect configurations of the at least one component that are critical in terms of operational security or data security in certain operating modes and, possibly linked to these operating modes, in certain purposes, which in other operating modes or purposes with regard to operational safety and data security would not be a problem.
- the consideration of the operating mode of the The automation system consequently allows a more comprehensive check of the configuration of the at least one component than if the first component were only checked in isolation and without any context in its configuration.
- the configuration data can be checked as a function of a current operating mode.
- the configuration data are checked as a function of a future operating mode of the automation system.
- the future operating mode can be released or initiated.
- a machine in the automation system can preferably be started up or a technical process controlled or monitored by the automation system, in particular the execution of a production step, can be started up or released depending on whether the configuration data is dependent on the current operating mode of the automation system as a permissibly checked.
- the operating mode is productive operation and/or maintenance operation and/or test operation of the automation system.
- the operating mode advantageously allows the operating mode of the automation system to be differentiated between productive operation and/or maintenance operation and/or test operation of the automation system.
- Such a distinction makes it possible to allow a configuration of the at least one component in test operation with parameters that are more critical for operational and/or information security than in productive operation.
- a maintenance operation of the automation system for example, not all configurations of the at least one component have to be permitted, because in a maintenance operation the first component does not have to be the at least one to perform all the operating functions component be enabled. Rather, the first component can remain in a maintenance configuration with a reduced range of functions compared to productive operation.
- the operating mode advantageously specifies an automated process of the automation system, in particular an automated process from a set comprising at least a first production process and a second production process that differs from the first.
- the automation system is suitably a production system.
- the configuration of the at least one component can consequently be checked with regard to the automated process of the automation system, in particular as a function of the respective production process of the manufacturing system.
- context information of the automated process of the automation system can therefore advantageously be used to check the configuration of the at least one component.
- production processes provide relevant information for the configuration of components of automation systems:
- production steps that require a certain temperature for production such as joining steps or forming steps, can determine temperature limits of a heating device of at least one component.
- other production processes however, other temperature limits can be useful.
- the consideration of the automated process of the automation system consequently allows the consideration of process-related context information that can be used to check the configuration of the at least one component.
- the first and the second production process particularly preferably differ from one another in a product of the first and the second production process and preferably in product-related parameters of the first and the second production process.
- the information about the product to be manufactured can represent relevant context information for a configuration of the at least one component of the automation system. For example, different tolerances in the dimensioning of components of the product can be permissible for different products, which requires different configurations of the at least one component of the automation system. Different products can also be manufactured at different temperatures, so that there are different temperature ranges or temperature intervals for the at least one component depending on the product to be manufactured. Such information can advantageously be taken into account in this development of the method according to the invention.
- the configuration is preferably checked additionally as a function of an IT infrastructure of the automation system and/or information about the at least one component of the automation system and/or a result of a plausibility check of the configuration data of the at least one component - Name and/or a positive list (white list) for permissible configuration data of the at least one component and/or a negative list (black list) for impermissible configuration data of the at least one component and/or at least one cryptographic signature.
- further context information of the automation system can consequently be used and taken into account for checking the configuration of the at least one component of the automation system.
- the automation system according to the invention is designed to carry out a method according to the invention as described above.
- the automation system according to the invention comprises at least one component with a memory with configuration data and a test server, different from the at least one component, by means of which the configuration data of the at least one component can be tested.
- the test server is particularly preferably designed to test the configuration data.
- the test server can therefore check the configuration data of the at least one component or the test server can provide criteria by means of which the configuration data of the at least one component can be checked, in particular by the component itself Configuration of the at least one component can be checked by means of the test server that is different from the at least one component.
- the automation system according to the invention has the same advantages as explained above in connection with the method according to the invention.
- it has detection means set up for detecting at least one operating mode of the automation system, which are signal-connected to the test server.
- the checking server can consequently use the recording means provided to record at least one operating mode of the automation system and take it into account when checking the configuration of the at least one at least one component.
- the test server for testing the at least one is particularly preferred Component designed and set up using signals from the detection means. In this way, the operating mode of the automation system can easily be taken into account when checking the configuration of the at least one component.
- the test server is designed as a software module.
- the first component and test server it is consequently not necessary for the first component and test server to be physically and spatially separated from one another to a certain extent.
- the test server and the first component can be implemented as software modules that are separate from one another, with the recording means being designed in particular as an interface for data recording.
- the test server is designed as a separate device which is not identical to the at least one component of the automation system, ie is different from the at least one component.
- the automation system according to the invention suitably has at least one second or more further components, each with a memory with configuration data, with the automation system having the test server for checking the configuration data of the further component or components is trained.
- the test server can consequently carry out the test of the configuration data of each of the components.
- the additional components can be taken into account when checking the configuration data of the at least one component.
- information can be used when checking the second or more additional components of the automation system in order to check the configuration data of the at least one component to perform.
- information from the at least one component can also be used to check configuration data from the second or more additional components.
- the automation system according to the invention is suitably a production system.
- the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to an exemplary embodiment given in the drawing.
- 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a production system according to the invention with three production components and a test server for executing the method according to the invention for testing a configuration, schematically in a schematic diagram, and FIG - Corresponding production plant with three production components and a test server for executing a further exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention for testing the configuration, schematically in a basic sketch.
- the production plant MAN is used to manufacture a product in the form of a control unit with a tailor-made geometry.
- a printed circuit board with an angled geometry is equipped with a first component COMP1.
- the printed circuit boards have a shape made up of flat parts that are not aligned or coplanar with one another, but the shape is made up of their flat sides arranged at 45 degree angles to one another Built up flat parts.
- the assembled circuit board is thermally connected to a housing part by means of a second component COMP2, hot-glued in the exemplary embodiment shown.
- the housing part is connected to other housing parts to form a housing provided with the printed circuit board.
- the three components COMP1, COMP2, COMP3 are configured using a configurator CONFIG.
- the CONFIG configurator is a software tool that does not belong to the MAN production facility and is set up for configuring the components COMP1, COMP2, COMP3.
- the configurator CONFIG loads configuration data NECO into the components COMP1, COMP2, COMP3 in a configuration step CONF.
- the configurator CONFIG can also be a separate device or a user who manually loads configuration data NECO into the components COMP1, COMP2, COMP3 by means of a configuration step CONF. i.e.
- the configurator CONFIG transmits configuration data NECO to the components COMP1, COMP2, COMP3.
- the components COMP1, COMP2, COMP3 initially hold the configuration data NECO in a temporary evaluation memory which is used to check the configuration data NECO and from which the configuration data are transferred to a configuration data memory of the components COMP1, COMP2, COMP3 after the check has been carried out. long, in which they serve to configure the components COMP1, COMP2, COMP3.
- the components COMP1, COMP2, COMP3 are configured, for example, when the manufacturing plant MAN is set up for the first time or when a production sequence of the manufacturing plant is changed.
- the production process is changed in particular when a new, tailor-made product is manufactured with the MAN production system, since the components COMP1, COMP2, COMP3 are then also regularly adapted with regard to their work tasks and consequently new NECO configuration data are required for the adapted work tasks.
- a new configuration of the components COMP1, COMP2, COMP3 is regularly required when the MAN production system is switched from the productive state to a maintenance state, since the components COMP1, COMP2, COMP3 in the maintenance state have an additional self-test functionality with which a status diagnosis of the components COMP1, COMP2, COMP3 is possible.
- the MAN production facility also has a test state in which various functions of the individual components COMP1, COMP2, COMP3 are tested. In the test state, the components COMP1, COMP2, COMP3 are provided with additional functionalities for test purposes that are not, or at least not all, required in the productive state of the MAN production facility.
- the components COMP1, COMP2, COMP3 are configured in the production plant MAN using the configurator CONFIG.
- the MAN production facility also has a check server CHESER, which checks the configuration of the components COMP1, COMP2, COMP3.
- the test server CHESER is signal-connected to each of the components COMP1, COMP2, COMP3 and is in communication with the components COMP1, COMP2, COMP3.
- the test server CHESER has read access to the newly received configuration data NECO in the evaluation data memory of the components COMP1, COMP2, COMP3. To do this, the test server CHESER checks whether the configuration data NECO, which the components COMP1, COMP2, COMP3 receive from the configurator CONFIG, are permissible.
- the CHESER test server is signal-connected to a controller (not shown explicitly in the drawing) of the MAN production facility.
- the CHESER test server receives the information from the control what operating mode the system is in.
- the operating mode of the MAN production plant can be the productive state, the maintenance state or the test state.
- the test server CHESER now checks the configuration data NECO of the components COMP1, COMP2, COMP3 of the configurator depending on this operating mode of the MAN production facility.
- the components COMP1, COMP2, COMP3 only finally accept the NECO configuration data for configuration if the test server CHESER confirms the NECO configuration data as permissible. This check is undertaken with each new configuration of the components COMP1, COMP2, COMP3.
- the test server CHESER subjects the configuration data NECO of the components COMP1, COMP2, COMP3 to a test CHAPP based on context information relating to the respective product which the manufacturing plant MAN is currently manufacturing.
- the test server CHESER can obtain the geometric data required for testing the recording space, for example from the spatial instructions for equipping the printed circuit board of the first component COMP1, and in this respect use the configuration of the component COMP2 as the context for the test CHAPP.
- the hot-gluing of the printed circuit board to the housing part must not cause such a large temperature input into the printed circuit board that electronic components with which the first component COMP1 is fitted on the printed circuit board are impaired in their function or destroyed as a result of the temperature input. be disturbed. Consequently, the temperature requirements of the components of the printed circuit board specify a temperature range within which the printed circuit board may be hot-glued to the housing part using the second component COMP2.
- the permissible temperature range of the second component COMP2 is derived by the test server CHESER from the assembly instructions for the first component and used to check the configuration data NECO CHAPP of the second component COMP2.
- the test server CHESER includes a memory for each of the components COMP1, COMP2, COMP3 with a list in the form of a white list for permissible configuration data, which is additionally compared with the configuration data NECO of the components COMP1, COMP2, COMP3. Only if the configuration data NECO of the components COMP1, COMP2, COMP3 are also included in the whitelist, the configuration data NECO are judged as permissible by the test server CHESER.
- the configuration data NECO can also be compared with hash values of configuration data NECO contained in a whitelist instead of a direct comparison with the whitelist.
- the test server CHESER can have a memory with a blacklist of configuration data, with which the configuration data NECO of the components COMP1, COMP2, COMP3 are compared. If the NECO configuration data appears on the blacklist, the NECO configuration data is not assessed as permissible.
- the test server CHESER is an independent device in the form of a computer, which is brought into the MAN production plant exclusively for the test CHAPP of configuration data NECO.
- the test server CHESER can be implemented as a software module in further exemplary embodiments that are not specifically shown, a component of a further system integrated in the MAN production plant, for example as a component of a MES (Manufacturing Execution System) or a SCADA system.
- the communication of the components COMP1, COMP2, COMP3 with the test server CHESER is cryptographically protected in the exemplary embodiment shown, for example by means of a security protocol in the form of TLS or IPsec/IKEv2, or the transmitted messages are protected via S/MIME, XML protection (XML Integrity, XML Encryption) or JSON protection (JSON Web Encryption, JSON Web Signature) cryptographically protected.
- a security protocol in the form of TLS or IPsec/IKEv2
- JSON protection JSON Web Encryption, JSON Web Signature
- the test server CHESER includes the following additional criteria in its test CHAPP for the admissibility of the configuration data NECO: information about the respective components COMP1, COMP2, COMP3 themselves and/or knowledge about the IT -Infrastructure of the MAN production plant and/or knowledge of permissible configurations of the MAN production plant and/or released versions of software installed on the components COMP1, COMP2, COMP3.
- the check server CHESER can also set and check specific conditions for the integrity and authenticity of the NECO configuration data. This includes, for example, checking a cryptographic MAC value or a signature of the configuration data NECO or of the configurator CONFIG: only if the MAC value or the signature of the configurator CONFIG is valid is the configuration either accepted or for a content check CHAPP of the confi- guration data NECO approved. It is also possible to proceed in such a way that certain configurations are permitted or forbidden, depending on the place from which a signature was created.
- the components COMP1, COMP2, COMP3 are then not authorized to accept the NECO configuration data.
- the check CHAPP of the NECO configuration data using the check server CHESER can also be carried out in such a way that the check server CHESER transmits more detailed information about the check result to the components COMP1, COMP2, COMP3, for example which parts of the NECO configuration data are correct and which are incorrect or impermissible or to what extent the NECO configuration data deviate from the fully permissible NECO configuration data.
- the test server CHESER informs other systems/components, which can then react accordingly to the test result.
- the components COMP1, COMP2, COMP3 can behave differently: In the simplest case, the components COMP1, COMP2, COMP3 are allowed to start if the configuration data NECO as a result of the CHAPP check by the check server CHESER as valid or the starting of the components COMP1, COMP2, COMP3 is prevented if the configuration data NECO are judged as not valid by the test server CHESER.
- the components COMP1, COMP2, COMP3 can also enable or prohibit certain functionalities of the respective components COMP1, COMP2, COMP3, in particular based on a fine-grained result, the components COMP1, COMP2, COMP3 can also allow or prohibit specific functionalities of the components COMP1, COMP2, COMP3 in more detail.
- the check CHAPP is carried out using the test server CHESER, but not by it itself.
- the test server CHESER Rather, it determines the test criteria and transmits these test criteria to the components COMP1, COMP2, COMP3 for the test, in which the test server loads the test criteria into the components COMP1, COMP2, COMP3 using a load process LOARUL and does not carry out the test itself.
- the reactions of the components COMP1, COMP2, COMP3 to the test result are analogous to those for the first variant.
- the components COMP1, COMP2, COMP3 differentiate between simple configuration data NECO, which can be checked locally on the component COMP1, COMP2, COMP3, for example a configuration of the company's own hardware.
- configuration data NECO which are critical for the operational reliability of the MAN production plant, are passed on to the test server CHESER by the components COMP1, COMP2, COMP3 and the test is carried out by the test server CHESER.
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Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP22728829.7A EP4314963A1 (de) | 2021-05-28 | 2022-05-11 | Verfahren zur prüfung einer konfiguration mindestens einer komponente einer automatisierungsanlage und automatisierungsanlage |
CN202280038548.8A CN117396817A (zh) | 2021-05-28 | 2022-05-11 | 用于检查自动化设施的至少一个组件的配置的方法以及自动化设施 |
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DE102021205483.8 | 2021-05-28 | ||
DE102021205483.8A DE102021205483A1 (de) | 2021-05-28 | 2021-05-28 | Verfahren zur Prüfung einer Konfiguration mindestens einer Komponente einer Automatisierungsanlage und Automatisierungsanlage |
EP21184487.3 | 2021-07-08 | ||
EP21184487.3A EP4095629A1 (de) | 2021-05-28 | 2021-07-08 | Verfahren zur prüfung einer konfiguration mindestens einer komponente einer automatisierungsanlage und automatisierungsanlage |
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Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2204704A1 (de) * | 2008-12-31 | 2010-07-07 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum Betrieb eines mehrere vernetzte Rechnereinheiten umfassenden industriellen Automatisierungsystems und industrielles Automatisierungsystem |
DE102013205051A1 (de) * | 2013-03-21 | 2014-09-25 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Aktualisieren eines digitalen Geräte-Zertifikats eines Automatisierungsgeräts |
EP2913725A1 (de) * | 2014-02-28 | 2015-09-02 | Rockwell Automation Technologies, Inc. | Konfigurationsaktivierte Motorantriebssicherheit |
-
2022
- 2022-05-11 EP EP22728829.7A patent/EP4314963A1/de active Pending
- 2022-05-11 WO PCT/EP2022/062817 patent/WO2022248230A1/de active Application Filing
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2204704A1 (de) * | 2008-12-31 | 2010-07-07 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum Betrieb eines mehrere vernetzte Rechnereinheiten umfassenden industriellen Automatisierungsystems und industrielles Automatisierungsystem |
DE102013205051A1 (de) * | 2013-03-21 | 2014-09-25 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Aktualisieren eines digitalen Geräte-Zertifikats eines Automatisierungsgeräts |
EP2913725A1 (de) * | 2014-02-28 | 2015-09-02 | Rockwell Automation Technologies, Inc. | Konfigurationsaktivierte Motorantriebssicherheit |
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