WO2022242802A1

WO2022242802A1 - Locking device with rotation limiter

Info

Publication number: WO2022242802A1
Application number: PCT/DE2022/100376
Authority: WO
Inventors: Maxim Kaganov; Markus WALLY
Original assignee: Emka Beschlagteile Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date: 2021-05-20
Filing date: 2022-05-18
Publication date: 2022-11-24
Also published as: DE102021113192A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a locking device (50) for locking a door in relation to a door frame, having a rotary bearing (31), which can be connected to the door for conjoint rotation, having an actuating element (5), which is connected to the rotary bearing (31) and can be rotated back and forth about an actuating axis (B) for the purpose of locking and unlocking the door, and having a rotation limiter (6), which limits the rotary movement of the actuating element to a predefined angle range (W), wherein the rotation limiter (6) has a limiting element (6.1), which can be moved radially in relation to the actuating axis (B) and, in a limiting position (51), limits a rotary movement of the actuating element (B) to the angle range (W) and, in a release position (52), allows a rotary movement of the actuating element (5) beyond the angle range (W).

Description

Locking device with rotation limiter

The invention relates to a locking device for locking a door in relation to a door frame with a pivot bearing which can be connected to the door in a rotationally fixed manner, an actuating element which is connected to the pivot bearing and can be rotated back and forth about an actuating axis to lock and unlock the door, and a rotation limiter which the rotational movement of the actuating element is limited to a predefined angular range.

Such locking devices can be used in a wide variety of technical areas and are used to selectively lock doors relative to a door frame, so that the doors can then no longer be moved relative to the door frame. Furthermore, corresponding Appropriate locking devices can also be used for flaps, hatches, windows or other locking elements. In the following, however, these different locking elements are referred to as a door and, correspondingly, as a door frame in a non-limiting manner.

The closure device has a rotary bearing which is connected to the door in a rotationally fixed manner and which allows a rotary movement of an actuating element about an actuating axis. The actuating element is thus rotatably connected to the door via the pivot bearing and the axis of rotation is generally perpendicular to the door or to the door surface. In a locking position of the actuating element, the door can be locked relative to the door frame and in an unlocking position the door can be moved or pivoted freely relative to the door frame and thus opened.

Furthermore, it is known to use a rotation limitation, so that the actuating element can no longer be rotated freely, but only back and forth in a predefined angular range. In order to move the actuating element beyond this angular range, the limitation must first be removed in order to be able to rotate the actuating element freely. In practical terms, the rotation limiter or part of it can be pushed away, for example by hand, in the direction of the door, i.e. backwards parallel to the actuating axis, so that the actuating element can be rotated back and forth freely in front of the rotation limiter. However, such a limitation of rotation has proven to be disadvantageous in practice. Because the handling of the rotation limiter is often difficult and it can even happen that a finger is pinched or crushed when the rotation limiter is pushed away, for example. Proceeding from this, the invention sets itself the task of specifying a closure device which is characterized by simpler handling. This object is achieved with a closure device of the type mentioned at the outset in that the rotation limiter has a limiter element that can be moved radially to the actuating axis and which, in a limiter position, limits a rotary movement of the actuating element to the angular range and, in a release position, limits a rotary movement of the limiter. actuating element allowed beyond the angular range.

Due to the radial mobility of the limiting element, it can be moved very easily from the limiting position into the release position, in order to then also move the actuating element outside of the predefined angular range. For this purpose, the limiting element can, for example, be moved radially with respect to the actuating axis with one hand, ie pulled away from the axis or pressed towards the axis, and the actuating element can be rotated with the other hand. According to an advantageous development of the invention, it is proposed that the limiting element be designed as a linearly movable limiting slide. The limiting slide can be pushed back and forth between the limiting position and the release position, as a result of which the limitation of the movement of the actuating element can be controlled very easily. From a structural point of view, the limiting slide can be designed in the form of a plate, which requires little space and thus results in a small size.

Furthermore, it has proven to be advantageous if the delimiting element is prestressed into the delimiting position. Thus, the limita tion element must first be actively moved into the release position until the actuating element can also be rotated beyond the first angular range. A spring, in particular a spiral spring, for example, can be provided in order to preload the actuating element. The actuation element can then be moved by hand against the force of the spring into the release position. When no external force is applied, the spring pushes the actuator toward the limit position.

With regard to the actuating element, it has turned out to be advantageous if this is connected to a locking bolt which, in order to lock the door, can engage behind a locking holder on the door frame. In the locked position, the locking bolt can thus ensure that the door is locked. The locking bolt can be moved via the actuating element, so that the door can be locked or unlocked by rotating the actuating element.

With regard to the arrangement of the locking bar and the rotation limiter, it has proven to be advantageous if the locking bar in the locking position is opposite the limiting element with regard to the actuating axis. With this arrangement, the rotation limiter can easily be reached by hand and the limiter element can be correspondingly easily moved into the release position.

To move the actuating element, a handle can be provided with which the actuating element can be rotated back and forth by hand about the actuating axis. The locking bar can then also be turned back and forth accordingly via the handle. The locking latch gel, the actuating element and the handle can be connected to one another in a rotationally fixed manner. Alternatively, a one-piece connection can also be provided. For locking and unlocking, the handle and then the locking latch can be rotated by 90 degrees. With regard to the movement of the closure device, it has been found to be advantageous if the actuating element can be rotated back and forth in the angular range between a locking position and a pressure relief position. In the locking position, a frame-side lock holder can be gripped from behind, so that the door is fixed relative to the door frame. Furthermore, in the locked position, the door can be compressed on the door frame and thus also on the seal located between the door frame and the door, so that gas exchange between the interior space to be closed and the exterior is prevented. How the door is pressed onto the door frame or onto the corresponding seal will also be explained in more detail below. Since the door cannot be opened in the pressure relief position, the corresponding angular range can be smaller than the angle through which the actuating element has to be rotated for unlocking. The angular range is preferably between 20 and 70 degrees, particularly preferably between 30 and 60 degrees, very particularly preferably between 40 and 50 degrees and in particular 45 degrees. The actuating element can thus be rotated back and forth between the locking position and the pressure relief position in this angular range.

In the pressure relief position, the door is still locked relative to the door frame, but the door is no longer pressed onto the door frame, so that the seal is no longer compressed and a corresponding gas exchange can take place. In particular, when the interior space to be closed is under an increased pressure, a pressure equalization can take place in this position. Since the door is only opened a little bit in the pressure relief position, but cannot be moved freely, it cannot burst open due to excess pressure and therefore cannot injure a person in front of the door. In the pressure relief position, the locking bar can be pivoted locking position between 10 and 45 degrees, preferably between 15 and 35 degrees, in particular by 20 degrees.

If the limiting element is in the limiting position, the actuating element can only be rotated into the predefined angular range, but not beyond it. The actuating element can thus be rotated into the pressure relief position, but not into the unlocked position. Furthermore, it has been found to be advantageous if the actuating element can be rotated beyond the angular range into an unlocking position. However, a corresponding movement is only possible when the limiting element is in the release position and the loading movement is not limited. In the unlocked position, the actuating element and thus also the locking bar can have been rotated by 90 degrees relative to the locked position. The locking bar then no longer engages behind the frame-side locking holder, so that the door can be moved relative to the frame and opened accordingly. In order to turn the actuating element or the locking latch from the locking position into the unlocking position, the pressure relief position must be passed through, which in this respect is located between the other two positions.

With regard to the arrangement of the delimiting element, it has turned out to be advantageous if the delimiting element is part of the pivot bearing. In this respect, the limiting element can be arranged fixed to the door and cannot move with the rotation of the actuating element. In this respect, the limiting element can only be moved in the radial direction, but otherwise it can be stationary. It has also been found to be advantageous if the rotation limiter has a guide, in particular a radial guide, for guiding the rotary movement of the actuating element. The limiting element can be guided in the guide, which allows the two elements to move reliably relative to one another. The guide can ensure that the delimiting element is guided in the predefined angular range.

From a structural point of view, the guide can be part of the actuating element. In the event of a rotary movement of the actuating element, the guide can also rotate accordingly about the actuating axis. The guide can be designed as a recess, in particular a radial recess, which rotates about the rotational axis of the actuating element when the actuating element rotates. Since the limiting element cannot be rotated about the actuating axis, the guide moves about the limiting element when the actuating element rotates.

In a development of the rotation limitation, it has been found to be advantageous if the guide has two stops that limit the rotation of the actuating element. The stops can limit a movement to the predefined angular range, so that the limiting element rests against one stop in the locking position and against the other stop in the pressure relief position. The locking position and the pressure relief position can thus each be associated with one of the attacks. In the radial direction, the distance between the two stops can correspond to the predefined angular range in which the actuating element can be rotated back and forth between the locking position and the pressure relief position. Furthermore, the two stops can be part of the guide and to that extent can limit the guide. The stops can form the two ends of the guide. With regard to the delimiting element, it has proven to be advantageous if this has a rounding designed to correspond to the guide at its end facing the actuating axis. In this respect, the limiting element can be reliably guided in the guide in any position. The actuating element can be designed in such a way that in the two end positions it rests against the stops over as much of the surface as possible, so that a good distribution of force is ensured.

According to an advantageous development of the invention, it is proposed that the rotation limiter has an over-twist safeguard, which prevents a continuous movement of the actuating element from the locking position into the unlocking position. In this respect, the over-rotation safeguard prevents the actuating element from skipping the pressure relief position and being able to be moved directly into the unlocking position, for example due to a very rapid rotation. The over-twist safety device is an additional safety feature and the actuation element must always be brought into the pressure relief position before unlocking, in which pressure equalization can take place. It is necessary for the rotational movement to be stopped in the pressure relief position in order to then rotate the actuating element beyond the predefined angular range into the unlocking position.

With regard to the over-tightening protection, it has also proven to be advantageous if the limiting element can only be moved into the release position when the actuating element is in the pressure-relief position. It is therefore not possible to move the limiting element into the release position in the locking position in order to then skip the pressure relief position. The over-twist safeguard or the rotation limitation can be designed in such a way that a movement of the limiting element from the limiting position into the release position is only possible when the actuating element is not rotated. A transfer into the release position is only possible if the limiting element rests against the stop associated with the pressure relief position. In terms of construction, it has also proven to be advantageous if the over-twisting safeguard has a projection and a correspondingly configured recess, the projection and the recess being able to engage in one another in such a way that the limiting element cannot be moved into the release position. Due to the projection and the recess, the actuating element or the guide and the pivot bearing or the limiting element can be connected to one another in a form-fitting manner in the radial direction. It is thus possible to rotate the limiting element and the guide relative to one another, but not to move the limiting element in the radial direction. Projection and recess can be designed in such a way that the limiting element can only be moved into the release position when the actuating element is in the pressure relief position. In this position, the projection and the recess can then be disengaged. The projection and the recess can extend in the manner of a segment of a circle and they can be arranged on the circumference of the guide or the limiting element.

With regard to the arrangement of the elements, it has proven to be advantageous if the projection is arranged on the guide side and the recess is arranged on the limiting element side. This arrangement has proven to be particularly practical in practice. The projection or the guide can engage in the recess or the delimiting element and in this respect prevent a radial movement of the delimiting element. In a further development of the invention, it is proposed that the limiting element has a handling area over which it can be manually in the release position is movable. The limiting element can thus be moved by hand in the radial direction from the limiting position to the release position when it is in the pressure relief position. To do this, a person can reach into or behind the handling area with one or more fingers and then pull the limiting element out of the guide. The limiting element can then no longer prevent a rotary movement of the actuating element and this can also be rotated beyond the predefined angle range. The handling area can be designed as a grip projection and can extend in the axial direction parallel to the actuation axis and beyond the pivot bearing.

Furthermore, it has proven to be advantageous if the actuation element is symmetrical, in particular point-symmetrical to the actuation axis. With this configuration, the actuating element or the locking device can be used both for doors hinged on the right and on the left. It is then only necessary to turn the rotary bearing by 180 degrees and, if necessary, to mount the locking latch on the other side of the actuating element. The orientation of the actuator itself does not need to be changed. Due to the

Symmetry, the actuator on two guides, which are accordingly rotated by 180 degrees about the axis of actuation against each other.

With regard to the object mentioned at the outset, a door is also proposed which can be locked and unlocked via a locking device, the locking device being designed in the manner described above. The advantages already described with regard to the closure device result. Further aspects relating to the lock holder are to be described in more detail below. It is advantageous if the lock holder is equipped with a holding element for arrangement on a door frame, which can be fastened to a door frame in a mounting plane and can be gripped behind to lock a door by a door-side locking bolt in a locking position, with a locking wedge being provided, which is movable bar for adjusting the distance of the locking position relative to the mounting plane. Due to the adjustability of the distance, both manufacturing tolerances and wear can be reliably compensated and it is not necessary to make any complex adjustments. In addition, the wedge shape allows for very easy adjustment and movement. With regard to the movement of the locking wedge, it has proven to be advantageous if the locking wedge can be moved parallel to the mounting plane, in particular linearly, to adjust the distance. By moving the locking wedge parallel to the mounting level, the distance between the mounting level and the locking position can be adjusted very easily. In the locking position, the locking bolt is moved perpendicularly to the assembly level due to the wedge shape, so that the closed position of the door and the contact pressure can be adjusted. The closure wedge can be moved back and forth parallel to the mounting plane. In this respect, the distance can be optionally increased or decreased. Different locking position distances from the mounting level can be assigned to the various locking wedge positions.

Furthermore, it has proven to be advantageous if the retaining element has a pressure relief region in order to enable pressure relief, into which the locking bar can engage. If the If the locking bar is in the pressure relief area, it engages behind the retaining element so that the door is locked, but there is no sealing compression because the door is not pressed against the seal. Rather, this position serves to ensure that a pressure equalization can be created between the interior to be closed and the exterior before the door is then opened. Precisely when there is overpressure inside, it can thus be avoided that the door is suddenly pushed open when it is unlocked, since the holding element prevents this. Each time it is locked and unlocked, the locking latch can pass through a pressure relief position or the pressure relief area in which it is located between the locking position and the unlocking position. The pressure relief area may be adjacent to and/or in a narrow area at the end of the wedge. The door is only pressed against the seal and this is thus compressed when the locking bolt for locking the door runs along the locking wedge as you turn it further, thereby increasing its distance from the mounting level.

In order to ensure reliable movement of the locking wedge, it has proven to be advantageous if the holding element has a guide for guiding the movement of the locking wedge. The guide can prevent the locking wedge from jamming or getting caught when moving. In this respect, the guide ensures a reliable adjustability of the distance. The guide can be designed as a linear guide in order to enable reliable movement of the locking wedge parallel to the assembly plane.

Furthermore, with regard to the guidance of the locking wedge, it has proven to be advantageous if it encompasses the guide laterally. This configuration allows the locking wedge to be moved back and forth in only one direction. In this respect, the guide can serve as a guide rail for the locking wedge. The locking wedge can be inserted into the guide rail, in particular in the manner of a pair of pliers, engage laterally, so that movement of the locking wedge perpendicular to the mounting plane is prevented insofar as this is the case. The locking wedge can have a guide area which is correspondingly guided in or on the guide.

In order to move the locking wedge, it has proven to be advantageous if an adjustment device is provided. The locking wedge can be moved steplessly via the adjusting device, so that the distance and thus also the closed position of the door can be adjusted very precisely. The adjusting device can be driven manually, for example by hand or with a tool. A screwdriver, a wrench or a pair of pliers can be used as a tool, for example. In an alternative embodiment, however, an automatic drive, for example via an electric servomotor, is also possible. The adjusting device can be designed in the manner of a linear drive and in this respect can convert a rotational movement into a linear movement of the locking wedge.

In a further development of the adjusting device, it is proposed that it be designed to be self-locking. This ensures reliable positioning of the locking wedge and prevents subsequent movement. A readjustment of the locking wedge after setting the distance is not necessary in this respect. It is also possible to prevent the locking wedge from being held in place additionally, since the locking bar is not able to move the locking wedge due to the self-locking effect.

In terms of construction, it has proven to be advantageous if the adjustment device has a drive spindle which moves the locking wedge when it rotates. The drive spindle can extend parallel to the assembly plane and in this respect also move the locking wedge parallel to the assembly plane. The locking wedge can have a receptacle for a nut, in particular a square nut, which is coupled to the locking wedge in particular in a rotationally fixed manner. In this respect, the nut cannot rotate or move relative to the locking wedge, but rather it can be accommodated in the receptacle of the locking wedge with a positive fit. The drive spindle can be screwed into the nut, so that when the drive spindle rotates, the nut and thus also the locking wedge move in a linear direction. The drive spindle can be arranged inside the locking wedge so that it cannot be seen from the outside, at least when the locking wedge is in the first locking wedge position. In an alternative embodiment, the locking wedge itself can also have a thread, so that a separate nut can also be dispensed with. From a structural point of view, however, this solution is more complex.

In a further alternative embodiment, the drive spindle can also be mounted in the locking wedge so that it can rotate and can be moved linearly together with it. From a structural point of view, the drive spindle can be rotatably mounted in the locking wedge, for example via a ball head. In order to convert a rotary movement of the drive spindle into a linear movement, the holding element can have a thread into which the drive spindle is screwed. The drive spindle can then be moved parallel to the assembly plane together with the locking wedge. A disadvantage of this alternative, however, is the greater space requirement, since not only does the locking wedge move in a linear direction, but also the elongated drive spindle, for which a comparatively large amount of space is required.

In terms of design, it has also proven to be advantageous if the drive spindle is rotatably mounted in the holding element. This enables a defined movement of the drive spindle. At the drive spindle can be mounted linearly immovable in the holding element.

Furthermore, it has proven to be advantageous if the adjusting device has a drive actuation for the rotary movement of the drive spindle. The drive spindle can be rotated via the drive actuation, for example by hand, with a tool or also automatically, in particular via an electric servomotor. The drive actuation can be connected in one piece to the drive spindle, so that both elements can be configured as a screw, with the screw head forming the drive actuation by means of which the screw can be turned. The actuation drive can be arranged in a groove of the holding element, so that the actuation and thus also the drive spindle cannot be moved in a linear direction. In this respect, when the drive spindle rotates, only the locking wedge moves in a linear direction.

With regard to the design of the locking wedge, it has been found to be advantageous if it has at least one ramp surface and at least one plateau surface, the plateau surface being aligned parallel to the mounting plane and the ramp surface forming an acute angle with the mounting plane. The ramp surface and the plateau surface can be arranged alternately one behind the other, so that the closure wedge has a wavy or jagged contour in cross section. When the locking bar is turned, it can slide or roll on the locking wedge, whereby the distance to the mounting level is gradually reduced and thus a sealing compression is achieved. Due to the different angles of the ramp surface and the plateau surface, the contact pressure changes to different degrees when passing through these sections. The transitions between the ramp surface or surfaces and the plateau surface or surfaces are advantageously rounded. In this respect, a fine adjustment of the distance and thus, for example, also a Reach compensation of only small manufacturing tolerances. The pressure relief area can be located next to and in the area of the first ramp surface, since in this area there is no or only very little sealing compression and in this respect pressure relief or gas exchange between the inside and the outside is possible.

According to an advantageous further development, it is proposed that the holding element be designed as a holding bridge. A retaining bridge can be reliably connected to the door frame and at the same time provide a reliable guide for the locking wedge. A holding element designed as a holding bridge also ensures sufficient stability.

In a constructive development, it is proposed that the holding element has one, in particular two, holding legs and a holding section connected to the holding leg or legs. The holding section can be arranged between the two holding legs and extend at a distance parallel to the mounting plane. The holding legs can extend perpendicularly to the mounting plane and in this respect enable a constant spacing of the holding section from the mounting plane. A receiving area can thus arise between the holding section, the two holding legs and the mounting plane, in which the locking bar can engage to lock the door. In this respect, the locking latch can engage behind the holding section of the holding element. The receiving area can include the pressure relief area and a locking area, with the locking bar locking the door in the locking area and compressing the door seal and locking the door in the pressure relief area but not compressing the seal or only slightly. The drive spindle may extend through a retaining leg and the drive actuation may be on the opposite side of the locking wedge Be net angeord side of the holding leg or within the holding leg. If the drive actuation is arranged within the holding leg, it can have a recess so that the drive actuation can be actuated from the outside, for example using a screwdriver, and the drive spindle can be rotated in this way. Due to the arrangement in the holding leg, it can also be achieved that the drive actuation and thus also the drive spindle are mounted immovably in the axial direction and thus cannot move parallel to the mounting plane. For assembly, the corresponding holding leg can have a groove into which the adjusting device can be pushed from below, ie from the direction of the assembly plane. By connecting the drive spindle to the nut of the locking wedge, this is then fixed in such a way that the drive spindle can only be rotated, but can no longer be moved in a translatory manner.

Furthermore, it has proven to be advantageous if the guide is arranged on the holding section. The locking wedge can slide back and forth on the holding section and can move between the two holding legs. The receiving space, in which the locking bar can engage to lock the door, is accordingly between the locking wedge and the mounting level.

According to an advantageous further development, it is proposed that the locking wedge rests against a holding leg in a first locking wedge position and is moved away from the holding leg in a second locking wedge position. Different distances from the locking bar in the locking position and the mounting level can be assigned to the different locking wedge positions, so that changing the distance between the locking wedge and the retaining leg also changes the distance between the mounting level and the locking position accordingly. The locking position can only be in one Change direction, namely perpendicular to the mounting plane. Accordingly, the distance can be reduced in this direction by moving the locking wedge away from the holding leg and the locking position is thus also moved away from the mounting plane. In order to increase the distance between the locking position and the mounting level, the locking wedge can then be moved towards the retaining leg accordingly. When the locking wedge rests on the retaining leg, the distance between the locking position and the mounting level can be at its maximum. To arrange the lock holder on the door frame, the holding element can have one, in particular two, mounting sections for connection to the door frame. The retaining element can be releasably connected to the door frame, in particular screwed, via the mounting section or sections. The mounting section or sections can have corresponding bores that enable screw fastening. The assembly sections can be separated from one another and each connected to a holding leg. The particular plate-shaped Mon day sections can extend parallel to the mounting plane and perpendicular to the retaining legs. Furthermore, only one continuous mounting section can be provided, which extends, for example, parallel to the holding section and can rest on the door frame. The underside of the assembly section(s) can correspond to the assembly level.

Furthermore, with regard to the object mentioned at the outset, a locking device with a locking holder and a locking bar is proposed, it being possible for the locking holder to be designed in the manner described above.

With regard to the locking latch, it has proven to be advantageous if the locking latch can be moved manually between an unlocking position, a pressure relief position and a locking position can be moved back and forth, in particular can be pivoted back and forth, with the locking latch being able to engage behind the retaining element in the locking position and in the pressure relief position. When the locking bar is moved from the unlocking position or from the pressure relief position to the locking position, it comes into contact with the locking wedge and then slides or rolls up the ramp surface with a further movement until it reaches the plateau surface. With the corresponding movement on the ramp surface, the door is pressed onto the door frame, thereby compressing the seal located between the door and the door frame.

The locking bar can be moved accordingly using a handle. When the locking latch is in the locked position, the handle may be in a predefined position. It is also possible for the locking bar and/or the handle to snap into place in this position, so that the locking bar is not automatically pivoted back into the pressure relief position or the unlocking position without further ado. With regard to the position of the handle, the locking position can remain the same even if the distance from the mounting plane changes. Changing the distance only adjusts the distance between the locking bolt and the mounting level and thus the closed position of the door or the contact pressure and the compression of the seal. A pivot bearing, for example in the form of a mounting element or a mounting rosette, can be provided to connect the locking bolt to the door. The rotary bearing can be connected to the door, in particular screwed, and form a rotary bearing for the locking bolt and also for the handle. The rotary bearing can have a latching contour in which the locking bar can latch in the locked position. It is true that the locking latch can be pushed in and out without much effort which are disengaged, however, prevents the locking contour from rotating the locking bar unintentionally out of the locking position due to the locking wedge. With regard to the locking bar, it has been found to be advantageous if it is designed as a roller tongue. The configuration as a roller tongue can reduce the force required to move the locking bar into the locking position, since the locking bar can then roll on the locking wedge. In this respect, the friction can be kept low.

Further details and advantages of the invention are to be explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings. Show in it:

1a, 1b a locking device in a side view with a locking bar in different positions;

2a, 2b sectional views of a closure holder in a side view with a closure wedge in two different positions;

3a, 3b the closure device according to FIGS. 1a and 1b in a rear view; 4 shows a perspective side view of the closure device;

5 shows a closure device in a pressure relief position in a front view; 6a-6c different rear views of the closure view according to FIG. 1 in different positions; Fig. 7 is a sectional view of an operating member and a limiting member; Fig. 8a-8c positions a rotation limiter in a plan view in different Po.

In the representation of FIG. 5 , a closure device 50 is shown in a front view, ie basically from the point of view of a person actuating the closure device 50 . A door can be locked via the locking device 50 so that the door is fixed relative to a door frame and can no longer be moved relative to it. In order to either lock or unlock the door accordingly, the actuation element 5 can be rotated back and forth by hand about the actuation axis B.

A rotary bearing 31 is provided on the outside of the door, which is screwed to the door and designed in the manner of a rosette. An actuating element 5 is rotatably mounted on this pivot bearing 31 so that it can also be rotated back and forth about the actuating axis B relative to the door. Furthermore, a locking latch 20 and a handle 30 are provided, which are connected to the actuating element 5, as can also be seen in the representation of FIG. The locking latch 20 can be rotated about the actuating axis B between the locking position P and the unlocking position E back and forth via the handle 30 .

In the representation of FIG. 6a, for example, the locking position P is shown, in which the handle 30 points downwards and the locking bar 20 to the side. In this position, the locking bar 20 can have a frame-side Gen closure holder 10 reach behind, so that the locking bar 20 and the closure holder 10 then at least in the opening direction formschlüs sig connected to each other. In order to unlock the door, the locking bolt 20 must be transferred to the unlocking position E shown in FIG. 6c. For this purpose, the locking bar 20 can be rotated clockwise by about 90 degrees using the handle 30 . Since FIGS. 6a to 6c show the closure device 50 in a rear view, this rotational movement of the handle 30 or the closure bolt 20 corresponds to a counterclockwise rotation from the point of view of the person operating the closure device 50. As can be seen in FIG. 6c, the locking bolt 20 no longer engages behind the locking holder 10 in this position, so that the door can be moved relative to the door frame.

During the movement from the locking position P to the unlocking position E, the locking bolt 20 also passes through a pressure relief position D, which is shown in FIG. 6b. In this position, the door is still locked and cannot be opened in this respect, but in this position gas exchange can take place between the interior space to be closed off via the door and the exterior space, which will be explained in more detail below. Precisely when the interior is under overpressure, when the locking device 50 is opened or unlocked it can happen that the door is suddenly pushed open when unlocked. This danger is prevented by a possible pressure equalization in the pressure relief position D.

A rotation limiter 6 is provided so that the handle 30 or the locking latch 20 cannot be rotated directly from the locking position P into the unlocking position E and insofar as it is ensured that the pressure is relieved before unlocking. This rotation limitation 6 ensures that the locking bolt 20 initially only in a limited predefined angular range W between the locking ment position P and the pressure relief position D can be rotated back and forth. A movement beyond this angular range W also in the unlocked position E is first changed by the rotation limiter 6 verhin.

The design and functioning of the rotation limiter 6 will now be explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 8a to 8c, which show the closure device 50 in a plan view, with only the elements relevant to the rotation limiter 6 being shown. On the left-hand side in FIGS. 8a to 8c there is a view from behind, ie basically from the perspective of the door according to FIGS. 6a to 6c, and on the right-hand side a view from the front according to FIG. 5.

The rotation limiter 6 consists essentially of a limiter element 6.1 designed as a limiter slide, which is part of the rotary bearing gers 31 and therefore cannot be rotated relative to the door, and a guide 6.4, which is part of the actuating element 5. In FIGS. 8a and 8b, the limiting element 6.1 is in a limiting position S1, in which it engages in the guide 6.4. In this position, the actuating element 5 can only be rotated back and forth in the angular range W, since the limiting element 6.1 prevents movement beyond this. The locking position P is shown in FIG. 8a. In this position, the limiting element 6.1 rests against one end of the guide 6.4, which in this respect acts as a stop 6.2. If the actuating element 5 is now rotated in the direction of the unlocking position E, the guide 6.4 moves around the limiting element 6.1 until this rests against the opposite stop 6.3. This position is shown in FIG. 8b and corresponds to the pressure relief position D. Further movement of the actuating element 5 is prevented by the limiting element 6.1. The limiting element 6.1 is prestressed into the limiting position S1 by a spring, which is not shown in FIGS. 8a to 8c but can be seen, for example, in FIG. 6c. If the actuating element 5 is rotated from the unlocked position E in the direction of the locked position P to lock the door, the limiting element 6.1 automatically snaps into the actuating element 5 or the guide 6.4 in the pressure relief position D and then prevents it from rotating back in the unlocking position E. To unlock the door and to move the locking bolt 20 from the pressure relief position D to the unlocking position E, the limiting element 6.1 must be transferred from the limiting position S1 against the force of the spring into a release position S2, which is in the 8c is shown. For this purpose, the limiting element 6.1 has a handling area 6.5, which can be seen in the sectional view of FIG. With a view to Fig. 5, a person can, for example, move the handle 30 with the left hand and then simultaneously in the pressure relief position D with the right hand pull the limiting element 6.1 out of the pivot bearing 31 via the handling area 6.5 and this in this respect against the force move the spring to the release position S2.

In order to prevent the limiting element 6.1 from being able to be brought into the release position S2 even in the locking position P, an over-twisting safety device 7 is provided, which can also be seen in FIGS. 8a to 8c. Without this over-tightening device 7, the limiting element 6.1 could possibly also already be in the locked position P in the free transfer position S2 and then the actuating element 5 rotated in one go from the locked position P to the unlocked position E who the. However, this would then increase the security of the door against handle testing. For this reason, the overturning safety device 7 ensures that the actuating element 5 must remain in the pressure relief position D for a moment when unlocking, since the limiting element 6.1 can only be moved into the release position S2 in this position.

From a structural point of view, this is solved in that the limiting element 6.1 is provided with a recess 7.2 and the guide 6.4 is provided with a projection 7.1. In the locking position P, the projection is 6.4 in the designed in the manner of a groove recess 7.2, so that a

Movement of the limiting element 6 is prevented in the radial direction. When the limiting element 6.1 rotates, the return slides 7.2 on the projection 7.1 until the two elements in the pressure relief position D disengage. Only then is it possible to move the limiting element 6.1 in the radial direction into the release position S2.

The recess 7.2 can be seen both in the cross section of FIG. 7 and in FIG. 8c, and it extends in the shape of a segment of a circle into the delimiting element 6.1. The projection can be seen in Figures 8b and 8c.

This is also designed in the manner of a segment of a circle and it extends from the stop 6.2 along the guide 6.4. As can be seen in the representation of FIG. 8b, the length of the projection 7.1 corresponds approximately to the radial length of the guide 6.4 minus the corresponding width of the limiting element 6.1. As a result, the projection 7.1 and the recess 7.2 only disengage immediately before the pressure relief position D is reached.

As can also be seen in the figures, the actuating element 5 is designed point-symmetrically to the actuating axis B and in this respect has one on each opposite side of the actuating axis B Guide 6.4 on. This symmetry allows the entire locking device 50 to be used for both right-hand and left-hand doors. Further aspects, in particular with regard to the closure holder, are to be described in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 1a to 4.

In order to lock a door in a closed position relative to a door frame so that the door can no longer be opened, the door frame can be equipped with a latch holder 10 and the door can be equipped with a rotating latch bolt 20 . The closure holder 1 and the closure bolt 20 then form a closure device 50, which is shown in the illustrations of FIGS. 1a and 1b. The locking bar 20 can be rotated by hand via the handle 30 about a rotary axis, for which the locking bar 20 is rotatably coupled to the handle 30 . A rotary bearing 31 is provided for connection to the door, which can be connected to the door via screws and which serves as a rotary bearing for the locking bolt 20 and the handle 30 . The rosette-like rotary bearing 31 can be seen both in FIGS. 1a and 1b and in FIGS. 3a and 3b.

About the handle 30 of the locking bar 20 can be placed in different positions. For example, Fig. 1a shows a pressure relief position D, which will be explained in more detail below, and Fig. 1b shows a locking position P. As can also be seen in Figs. 3a and 3b, the locking bar 20 engages behind both in the pressure relief position D as well as in the locking position P a holding element 1 of the closure holder 10, so that the door cannot be opened. In order to open the door again, the handle 30 must be turned clockwise according to the rear view of FIGS. 3a and 3b until the locking latch 20 catches the retaining element 1 no longer engages. If the locking bar 20 is in the locking position P, it must then first be rotated into the pressure relief position D and then further into the unlocked position. As can be seen in the representations of FIGS. 1a and 1b, the holding element 1 is designed in the manner of a holding bridge and has two holding legs 1.2 arranged at a distance from one another and a holding section 1.3 arranged between the holding legs. In order to connect the holding element 1 to the door frame, it also has two assembly sections 1.4, via which the holding element 1 can be connected to the door frame by means of screws. The holes for the screws can also be seen in the top view of FIGS. 3a and 3b.

The holding element 1 can be connected to the door frame in a mounting plane M via the mounting sections 1.4. The mounting plane M lies on the corresponding surface of the door frame or on the underside of the mounting sections 1.4 of the retaining element 1. The two holding legs 1.2 extend perpendicularly to the mounting plane M and the holding section 1.3 extends parallel to the mounting plane M, as can be seen in the figures. Between the holding section 1.3, in the case of the holding legs 1.2 and the mounting plane M, there is thus a receiving area Z, which is illustrated in the enlarged view of FIG. 2b. The locking bar 20 for locking the door is pivoted into this receiving area Z, so that the door is then fixed relative to the door frame.

If the lock holder 10 only had the holding element 1, the door could indeed be locked reliably, but the locking bolt 20 would then rest in the locking position P on the holding element 1 or on the holding section 1.3 and in this respect the door would have to be locked in one single position, which, as explained in more detail below, can lead to problems.

A seal is arranged between the door and the door frame, which seal must be compressed to a certain extent when the door is in the closed position so that it can develop its sealing effect. In order to enable a corresponding compression of the seal, a sealing wedge 2 is arranged in the receiving area Z of the retaining element 1, the design from which can be seen in the sectional views of FIGS. 2a and 2b. The locking wedge 2 has a substantially triangular shape in cross section. The surface arranged obliquely to the mounting plane M is divided into several partial surfaces, namely a plateau surface 2.1 and a ramp surface 2.2. As can be seen from FIG. 2b, the plateau surface 2.1 is arranged essentially parallel to the mounting surface M and the ramp surface 2.2. is inclined relative to the plateau surface 2.1 and encloses an acute angle with the mounting plane M.

If the locking bar 20 is pivoted counterclockwise from the unlocking position according to FIGS. 3a, 3b, it is first moved into the pressure relief position D according to FIG. 3a. In this position, the locking bar 20 is in the pressure relief area Z1, which is shown in FIG. 2b. Although the locking bar 20 is in the receiving area Z and engages behind the retaining element 1 so that the door is already locked, the door seal is not yet being compressed. This is because the locking bar 20 is still arranged next to the locking wedge 2 or in the narrow, lower area of the locking wedge 2 .

Only when the locking bar 20 is then rotated further does it slide or roll up the ramp surface 2.2 into the locking area Z2. In this case, the distance A of the locking bar 20 gradually decreases from the mounting level M, so that the locking bar 20 is moved to the mounting level M. This movement presses the door against the door frame, which in turn compresses the door seal. This is also clear from FIGS. 1a and 1b. In the pressure relief position D according to FIG. 1a, the rotary bearing 31 mounted on the door protrudes slightly, so that there is a small gap between the door and the door frame. Only when the locking bar 20 is turned into the locking position P is the door pressed onto the frame, so that the pivot bearing 31 then reaches the assembly level M according to the illustration in FIG. 1b.

If the door is to be opened again, the handle 30 must be pivoted in the opposite direction, with the locking bolt 20 being transferred from the locking area Z1 to the pressure relief area Z2. The pressure relief area Z2 has advantages in particular when the interior is under overpressure. Because if the door were to be unlocked directly without the possibility of a corresponding pressure relief, the door could suddenly be pushed open due to the overpressure and possibly even injure the person standing in front of the door. However, the pressure relief position D can initially allow a pressure equalization if the door continues to be locked, so that it cannot be pushed open by any excess pressure.

Due to manufacturing tolerances or wear, the contact pressure of the seal may not reach the required value and the interior may then not be adequately sealed. In order to be able to adjust the contact pressure of the door and thus also the closed position of the door, the locking wedge 2 can be moved back and forth via an adjusting device 3 . The locking wedge 2 can be moved from the first locking wedge position V1 shown in FIG is arranged at a distance from the corresponding holding leg 1.2, as can be seen in FIG. 2b.

Since the handle 30 and thus also the locking latch 20 always have the same position in the locked end position, the distance A of the corresponding locking position P from the mounting plane M can be adjusted by moving the locking wedge 2 . As can be seen from FIGS. 1a and 1b, the pivot bearing 31 has a latching contour 32 which holds the locking bolt 20 in the locking position P once this has been reached. Depending on the distance of the locking wedge 2 from the retaining leg 1.2, the distance A of the locking bolt in the locking position P from the mounting plane M also changes and the stronger the door is pressed on the frame and the seal is correspondingly compressed when the locking bolt 20 is moved to the locked position P.

When the door is locked and the locking bar 20 is in the end position, the locking bar 20 is in the area of a plateau surface 2.1. Since the transitions between the plateau surface 2.1 and the ramp surface 2.2 are rounded, a fine adjustment of the distance A can then also be carried out by moving the locking wedge 2 parallel to the assembly plane M.

In order to move the locking wedge 2 accordingly, the holding element 1 or the holding section 1.3 has a guide 1.1, which allows a linear movement of the locking wedge 2 parallel to the mounting plane M. The Füh tion 1.1 extends between the two retaining legs 1.2 and only allows movement of the locking wedge 2 in this direction. The guide can be seen in FIGS. 1a and 1b, but the guide is not shown in FIGS. 2a, 2b. Furthermore, an adjusting device 3 is provided, via which the locking wedge 2 can be moved back and forth accordingly. The adjustment device 3 consists essentially of a drive spindle 3.1 and a drive actuator 3.2 for rotating the drive spindle 3.1. As can be seen in FIGS. 2a and 2b, the adjusting device 3 is a screw which is arranged parallel to the mounting plane M. The drive spindle 3.1 is connected to the locking wedge 2 so that a rotary movement of the drive spindle 3.1 can be converted into a linear movement of the locking wedge 2 and the locking wedge 2 is thus either moved further away from the retaining leg 1 .2 depending on the direction of rotation to set the distance A or can be moved towards this. For this purpose, the locking wedge 2 has a recess in which a nut 2.3 is arranged, which is non-rotatably received in the recess and which can be moved back and forth together with the locking wedge 2 in the nut 2.3 when the drive spindle 3.1 rotates.

In the exemplary embodiment, the adjustment device 3 or the drive actuation 3.2 can be rotated using a screwdriver. According to the illustration in FIGS. 3a and 3b, the holding leg 1.2 has a recess for this purpose, so that the drive actuation 3.2 can be reached from the outside. The thread pitch of the drive spindle 3.1 prevents the locking wedge 2 from being moved by contact with the locking bar 20 and thus being misaligned. An additional fixation of the locking wedge 2 after it has been positioned using the adjusting device 3 is not required in this respect.

In order to fasten the drive spindle 3.1 to the holding element 1, the holding leg 1.2 has a groove into which the adjustment device 3 can be inserted from below. The drive actuation 3.2 or the head of the screw is parallel to the holding leg 1.2 in the axial direction Mounted level M immovable, so that the adjustment device 3 does not move in a linear direction during rotation.

4 shows the closure device 50 in a perspective side view. The locking bolt 20 is in the locking position P, so that the door is locked and cannot be moved relative to the door frame. The handle 30 is also provided with a lock in order to prevent unauthorized unlocking. Furthermore, it can also be seen in FIG. 4 that the locking bar 20 is designed as a roller tongue. The locking bolt 20 can thus roll on the locking wedge 2 when locking and unlocking, which reduces the forces required.

References:

1 holding element

1.1 Guide 1.2 Retaining leg

1.3 holding section

1 .4 Assembly Section

2 locking wedge

2.1 plateau area 2.2 ramp area

2.3 Mother

3 adjustment device

3.1 Drive Spindle

3.2 Drive actuation 5 actuation element

6 rotation limitation

6.1 Limiting Element

6.2 Stop

6.3 Stop 6.4 Guide

6.5 Handling Area

7 over-twist protection

7.1 Advance

7.2 Return 10 bolt holder

20 locking latches

30 handle

31 pivot bearing

32 locking contour 50 locking device

A distance B Actuating axis

M mounting level

P locking position

D Pressure relief position E Unlocking position

51 limit position

52 release position

W angle range

V1 wedge position V2 wedge position

Z Recording area

Z1 pressure relief area Z2 locking area

Claims

Patent Claims:

1 . Locking device for locking a door in relation to a door frame with a pivot bearing which can be connected to the door in a rotationally fixed manner

(31), an actuating element (5) which is connected to the pivot bearing (31) and can be rotated back and forth about an actuating axis (B) to lock and unlock the door, and a rotary limiter (6) which restricts the rotary movement of the actuating element to a predefined Angular range (W) is limited, because the rotation limiter (6) has a radially moveable limiting element (6.1) to the actuating axis (B) which, in a limiting position (S1), causes a rotary movement of the actuating element (B) to the angular range (W) limited and in a release position

(S2) allows a rotational movement of the actuating element (5) beyond the angle range (W).

2. Closure device according to claim 1, characterized in that the limiting element (6.1) is designed as a linearly movable limiting slide.

3. Closure device according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the limiting element (6.1) is biased into the limiting position (S1).

4. Closure device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuating element (5) has a locking bolt (20) which can engage behind a door frame-side closure holder (10) to lock the door, the Actuating element (5) via a handle (30) about the axis of movement Actuate (B) and can be rotated back and forth.

5. Closure device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuating element (5) can be rotated back and forth in the angle range (W) between a locking position (P) and a pressure relief position (D).

6. Closure device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the limiting element (6.1) is part of the

Pivot bearing (31) is.

7. Closure device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotation limiter (6) has a guide (6.4), in particular a radial guide, for guiding the rotary movement of the actuating element (2).

8. Closure device according to claim 7, characterized in that the guide (6.4) is part of the actuating element (5).

9. Closure device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotation limiter (6) has an over-rotation lock (7) which prevents a continuous movement of the actuating element (5) from the locking position (P) into the unlocking position (E). .

10. Closure device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the limiting element (6.1) can only be moved into the release position (S2) when the actuating element (5) is in the pressure relief position (D). 11. Closure device according to one of claims 9 or 10, characterized in that the over-tightening device (7) has a projection (7.1) and a correspondingly configured recess (7.2), the projection (7.1) and the recess (7.2) engaging in one another in this way can that the limiting element (6.2) is not movable into the release position (S2).

12. Closure device according to claim 11, characterized in that the projection (7.1) on the guide side and the recess (7.2) are arranged on the limiting element side.

13. Closure device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the limiting element (6.1) has a handling area (6.5) via which it can be moved manually into the release position (S2).

14. Closure device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuating element is designed symmetrically, in particular point-symmetrically to the actuating axis.

15. Door which can be optionally locked and unlocked via a locking device according to one of the preceding claims.