WO2022237232A1

WO2022237232A1 - Data transmission method and related device

Info

Publication number: WO2022237232A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/073414
Authority: WO
Inventors: 郭�东
Original assignee: 华为技术有限公司
Priority date: 2021-05-10
Filing date: 2022-01-24
Publication date: 2022-11-17
Also published as: CN115334532A

Abstract

A data transmission method, comprising: a first UPF entity acquiring a first round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and a target AF entity; sending the first round-trip delay to an SMF entity; receiving a first notification sent by the SMF entity in the case that the first round-trip delay is greater than the sum of a second round-trip delay and a third round-trip delay; and when the first UPF entity receives target uplink data from a first terminal, sending the target uplink data to a second UPF entity according to the first notification, and then the second UPF entity sending the target uplink data to the target AF entity. According to the method, a delay between a UPF entity and a target AF entity and a delay between UPF entities can be measured, a transmission path of target uplink data is adjusted according to the measured delay, and a data transmission time is shortened. Also disclosed in the present application are a UPF entity and an SMF entity that can implement the data transmission method.

Description

Data transmission method and related equipment

This application claims the priority of a Chinese patent application with application number 202110506875.9 and application title "Data Transmission Method and Related Equipment" filed with the China Patent Office on May 10, 2021, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

technical field

The present application relates to the field of wireless communication, in particular to a data transmission method and related equipment.

Background technique

In the fifth generation (5th generation, 5G) network architecture, user plane function (user plane function, UPF entity) entities and base stations can serve as intermediate nodes between terminals and application function (application function, AF) entities for transmission user plane data. In order to ensure the end-to-end service quality of services, various services have certain requirements on data delay.

Based on the network architecture shown in Figure 1, the delay between the terminal and the functional entity of the user plane can be measured. Referring to Fig. 1, the existing delay measurement method is roughly as follows: a session management function (session management function, SMF) entity 15 sends a monitoring request to a user plane function (User Plane Function, UPF) entity 13, and the mobility management function (access and The mobility management function (AMF) entity 14 sends a monitoring request to the base station, and the monitoring parameters included in the monitoring request are determined by the SMF entity according to the monitoring strategy. The user plane functional entity 13 sends a monitoring packet to the base station 12 according to the monitoring request. The monitoring packet includes the time T1 when the monitoring packet is sent, and the base station 12 sends a monitoring response packet to the user plane functional entity 13. The monitoring response packet includes T1, T2 and T3 , T2 is the time when the base station 12 receives the monitoring packet, T3 is the time when the base station 12 sends the monitoring response packet, after the user plane functional entity 13 receives the monitoring response packet, it can be calculated according to (T2-T1+T4-T3)/2 The time delay between the user plane functional entity 13 and the time T4 when the monitoring response packet is received. The base station 12 measures the time delay between the terminal 11 and the base station 12 according to the monitoring request. In this way, the time delay between the terminal 11 and the user plane functional entity 13 can be calculated according to the time delay between the terminal 11 and the base station 12 and the time delay between the base station 12 and the user plane functional entity 13 .

However, the above-mentioned time delay is only the time delay of a part of end-to-end paths, and it is difficult to optimize the above-mentioned time delay to meet the end-to-end time delay requirement.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the present application provides a data transmission method and related equipment, which can measure the delay between the UPF entity and the AF and the delay between the UPF entities, and adjust the end-to-end data transmission path according to the measured delay, thereby reducing end-to-end latency.

The first aspect provides a data transmission method, in which the data transmission method, the first UPF entity acquires the first round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the target AF entity; sends the first round-trip delay to the SMF entity; Receiving the first notification sent by the SMF entity when the first round-trip delay is greater than the sum of the second round-trip delay and the third round-trip delay, after the first UPF entity receives the target uplink data from the first terminal, according to the first A notification sends the target uplink data to the second UPF entity, so that the second UPF entity sends the target uplink data to the target AF entity. The second round-trip delay is the round-trip delay between the second UPF entity and the target AF entity, and the third round-trip delay is the round-trip delay between the second UPF entity and the first UPF entity.

The time for the target uplink data to reach the target AF entity from the first UPF entity is half of the first round-trip delay. After the above method is implemented, the target uplink data reaches the target AF entity through the first UPF entity and the second UPF entity, so that the transmission time of the target uplink data is less than half of the first round-trip delay, so the data transmission time can be shortened.

In a possible implementation manner, the acquisition by the first UPF entity of the first round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the target AF entity includes: the first UPF entity receives the uplink data sent by the first terminal; Uplink data: receiving an acknowledgment frame sent by the target AF entity, and determining a first round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the target AF entity according to the time when the uplink data is sent and the time when the acknowledgment frame is received. The confirmation frame is generated by the target AF entity in response to uplink data. This provides a specific method for measuring the first round-trip delay.

In another possible implementation manner, the acquisition by the first UPF entity of the first round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the target AF entity includes: the first UPF entity sends uplink data to the target AF entity; acknowledgment frame, and determine the first round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the target AF entity according to the time when the uplink data is sent and the time when the acknowledgment frame is received. The confirmation frame is generated by the target AF entity in response to uplink data. This provides another specific method for measuring the first round-trip delay.

In another possible implementation, the above data transmission method further includes: after receiving the first message sent by the SMF entity, the first UPF entity sends an echo request to the second UPF entity according to the first message, and then receives the second UPF entity For the sent echo response, determine the first measured delay between the first UPF entity and the second UPF entity according to the time when the echo request is sent and the time when the echo response is received, and then send the first measured delay to the SMF entity. The first message includes the IP address of the second UPF entity. The first measured delay is the round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the second UPF entity. According to this implementation, the SMF entity may acquire the first measured delay measured by the first UPF entity, and then determine the round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the second UPF entity according to the first measured delay.

The second aspect provides a data transmission method, in which the data transmission method, the second UPF entity obtains the second round-trip delay between the second UPF entity and the target AF entity, and sends the second round-trip delay to the SMF entity, Receive the second message sent by the SMF entity, obtain the second measurement delay between the second UPF entity and the first UPF entity according to the second message, and send the second measurement delay to the SMF entity, and receive the SMF entity in the first round trip The second notification sent when the delay is greater than the sum of the second round-trip delay and the third round-trip delay, receives the target uplink data sent by the first UPF entity according to the second notice, and sends the target uplink data to the Target AF entity. The second message includes the IP address of the first UPF entity. The first round-trip delay is the round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the target AF entity. The third round-trip delay is determined by the SMF entity according to the second measurement delay. The destination address of the target uplink data is the IP address of the target AF entity, and the source IP address of the target uplink data is the first IP address of the first terminal.

According to this implementation, when the first round-trip delay is greater than the sum of the second round-trip delay and the third round-trip delay, the SMF entity can select the second UPF entity as the protocol data unit session anchor point (protocol data unit) of the target uplink data unit session anchor, PSA), so that the target uplink data reaches the target AF entity through the first UPF entity and the second UPF entity. In this way, the transmission time of the target uplink data can be shortened, and the transmission efficiency can be improved.

In a possible implementation manner, the acquisition by the second UPF entity of the second round-trip delay between the second UPF entity and the target AF entity includes: the second UPF entity receives the uplink data sent by the second terminal; sends the uplink data to The target AF entity: receiving the acknowledgment frame sent by the target AF entity, and determining a second round-trip delay between the second UPF entity and the target AF entity according to the time when the uplink data is sent and the time when the acknowledgment frame is received. The confirmation frame is generated by the target AF entity in response to uplink data. This provides a specific method for measuring the second round-trip delay.

In another possible implementation manner, the acquisition by the second UPF entity of the second round-trip delay between the second UPF entity and the target AF entity includes: the second UPF entity sends uplink data to the target AF entity; receiving the target AF entity For the sent acknowledgment frame, determine the second round-trip delay between the second UPF entity and the target AF entity according to the time when the uplink data is sent and the time when the acknowledgment frame is received. The confirmation frame is generated by the target AF entity in response to uplink data. This provides another specific method for measuring the second round-trip delay.

In another possible implementation manner, the obtaining by the second UPF entity of the second measured delay between the second UPF entity and the first UPF entity according to the second message includes: the second UPF entity reports to the first UPF according to the second message The entity sends an echo request; receives an echo response sent by the first UPF entity; and determines a second measurement delay between the second UPF entity and the first UPF entity according to the time when the echo request is sent and the time when the echo response is received. This provides another way to measure the delay between UPF entities.

In another possible implementation manner, the second UPF entity sending the target uplink data to the target AF entity includes: the second UPF entity performs network address port translation on the first IP address and the first port number in the target uplink data, that is According to network address port translation (network address port translation, NAPT) technology, the private network IP address and port number of the first terminal are converted into public network IP address and port number (ie, the second IP address and the second port number), and then The target uplink data after the network address port conversion is sent to the target AF entity; the above data transmission method also includes: after the second UPF entity receives the target downlink data sent by the target AF entity to the first terminal, the target IP in the target downlink data Address and purpose port number carry out network address port translation, so that the purpose IP address and purpose port number in the target downlink data are restored to the private network IP address and port number of the first terminal (i.e. the first IP address and the first IP address of the target uplink data and the first terminal number) A port number), and then send the target downlink data after network address port translation to the first UPF entity. Wherein, the target uplink data after network address port translation includes the second IP address and the second port number. The destination address of the target downlink data is the second IP address, and the destination port number of the target downlink data is the second port number. The destination address of the target downlink data is the second IP address, and the destination port number of the target downlink data is the second port number. Through network address translation, target downlink data can be prevented from reaching the first terminal from the first UPF entity without passing through the second UPF entity, thereby avoiding downlink routing conflicts and shortening downlink transmission time.

The third aspect provides a data transmission method. In the data transmission method, the SMF entity receives the first round-trip delay sent by the first UPF entity, receives the second round-trip delay sent by the second UPF entity, and sends the second round-trip delay to the second UPF entity. Send the second message; receive the second measurement delay sent by the second UPF entity, the second measurement delay is obtained by the second UPF entity according to the second message; determine the first UPF entity and the second UPF according to the second measurement delay The third round-trip delay between entities; when the first round-trip delay is greater than the sum of the second round-trip delay and the third round-trip delay, the SMF entity sends the first notification to the first UPF entity, and the first UPF entity sends the first notification according to the first UPF entity A notification sends the target uplink data from the first terminal to the second UPF entity, sends a second notification to the second UPF entity, and the second UPF entity forwards the target uplink data received from the first UPF entity to the target according to the second notification AF entity. The first round-trip delay is the round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the target application function AF entity. The second round-trip delay is a round-trip delay between the second UPF entity and the target AF entity. The destination IP address of the target uplink data is the IP address of the target AF entity. According to this implementation, the SMF entity can obtain the first round-trip delay, the second round-trip delay and the third round-trip delay, and judge whether the first round-trip delay is greater than the sum of the second round-trip delay and the third round-trip delay, and if so, Then adjust the network path of the target uplink data to reduce the data transmission time. If not, the network path of the target uplink data is not modified.

In a possible implementation manner, the data transmission method further includes: the SMF entity sends the first message to the first UPF entity, and after receiving the first measurement delay sent by the first UPF entity, according to the second measurement delay and the first A measured delay determines a third round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the second UPF entity. The first message includes the IP address of the second UPF entity. The first measurement delay is obtained by the first UPF entity according to the first message. This provides another method for determining the third round-trip delay, which improves the flexibility of implementing the solution.

The fourth aspect provides a data transmission method. In the data transmission method, the SMF entity receives a first message from the target AF entity, and the first message includes the identifier of the first terminal, the identifier of the second terminal, and the identifier of the target AF entity. , the first end-to-end delay and the second end-to-end delay, after receiving the first measured delay sent by the first UPF entity, determine that the first round-trip delay is equal to the first end-to-end delay minus the first The difference obtained by measuring the delay; receiving the second measured delay sent by the second UPF entity, and determining that the second round-trip delay is equal to the second end-to-end delay minus the difference obtained by the second measured delay; in the SMF entity After sending the second message to the second UPF entity, the SMF entity receives the third measurement delay sent by the second UPF entity, and determines the third round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the second UPF entity according to the third measurement delay ; When the first round-trip delay is greater than the sum of the second round-trip delay and the third round-trip delay, the SMF entity sends the first notification to the first UPF entity, and sends the second notification to the second UPF entity. Wherein, the first end-to-end delay is the round-trip delay between the first terminal and the target AF entity, and the second end-to-end delay is the round-trip delay between the second terminal and the target AF entity. The first measured delay is a round-trip delay between the first terminal and the first UPF entity. The third measurement delay is acquired by the second UPF entity according to the second message. The first notification is used to instruct the first UPF entity to send the target uplink data from the first terminal to the second UPF entity, the destination IP address of the target uplink data is the IP address of the target AF entity, and the second notification is used to indicate the second UPF The entity receives the target uplink data sent by the first UPF entity and sends the target uplink data to the target AF entity. The second measurement delay is a round-trip delay between the second terminal and the second UPF entity.

According to this implementation, the SMF entity can separately obtain the round-trip delay between the terminal and the UPF entity, and the round-trip delay between the terminal and the target AF entity, and then determine the distance between the UPF entity and the target AF entity based on the above two round-trip delays. round-trip delay. This provides a new method of obtaining the round-trip delay between the UPF entity and the target AF entity. When the first round-trip delay is greater than the sum of the second round-trip delay and the third round-trip delay, the SMF entity notifies the first UPF entity to forward the target uplink data to the second UPF entity, and the second UPF entity can forward the target uplink data For the target AF entity, the time for the target uplink data to reach the target AF entity through the first UPF entity and the second UPF entity is shorter.

In a possible implementation, the above data transmission method further includes: the SMF entity sends a third message to the first UPF entity; receives the fourth measurement delay sent by the first UPF entity, and then according to the third measurement delay and the first The fourth measurement delay determines a third round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the second UPF entity. The fourth measurement delay is obtained by the second UPF entity according to the third message. This provides a method of determining the third round trip delay.

In another possible implementation manner, the third round-trip delay is equal to the third measurement delay.

The fifth aspect provides a data transmission method, in which the data transmission method, the first UPF entity acquires the first measured delay between the first terminal and the first UPF entity; then sends the first measured delay to the SMF entity ; After the first UPF entity receives the first notification sent by the SMF entity when the first round-trip delay is greater than the sum of the second round-trip delay and the third round-trip delay, the first UPF entity receives the target uplink from the first terminal For data, the first UPF entity sends the target uplink data to the second UPF entity according to the first notification. The first measured delay is used to determine a first round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the target AF entity. The second round-trip delay is the round-trip delay between the second UPF entity and the target AF entity, and the third round-trip delay is the round-trip delay between the second UPF entity and the first UPF entity. The destination address of the target uplink data is the IP address of the target AF entity.

According to this implementation, when the first round-trip delay is greater than the sum of the second round-trip delay and the third round-trip delay, the first UPF entity can send the target uplink data to the second UPF according to the first notification sent by the SMF entity. The UPF entity, and then the second UPF entity forwards it to the target AF entity, which can shorten the data transmission time.

In a possible implementation, the first UPF entity receives the third message sent by the SMF entity, and sends an echo request to the second UPF entity according to the third message; receives the echo response sent by the second UPF entity; Determine the fourth measured time delay between the first UPF entity and the second UPF entity at the time and the time when the echo response is received; and send the fourth measured time delay to the SMF entity. The third message is the IP address of the second UPF entity. The fourth measurement delay is used by the SMF entity to determine the third round-trip delay. According to this implementation, the first UPF entity may measure the round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the second UPF entity.

The sixth aspect provides a data transmission method. In the data transmission method, the second UPF entity acquires the second measured delay between the second terminal and the second UPF entity, and then sends the second measured delay to the SMF entity , the SMF entity determines the second round-trip delay between the second UPF entity and the target AF entity according to the second measurement delay; receives the second message sent by the SMF entity, and obtains the second UPF entity and the first UPF entity according to the second message The third measurement delay between; the third measurement delay is sent to the SMF entity; the SMF entity determines the third round-trip delay between the second UPF entity and the first UPF entity according to the third measurement delay; After the UPF entity receives the second notification sent by the SMF entity when the first round-trip delay is greater than the sum of the second round-trip delay and the third round-trip delay, the second UPF entity receives the second notification sent by the first UPF entity according to the second notification. Target uplink data: send the target uplink data to the target AF entity according to the second notification. Wherein, the second message includes the IP address of the first UPF entity. The first round-trip delay is the round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the target application function AF entity. According to this implementation, when the first round-trip delay is greater than the sum of the second round-trip delay and the third round-trip delay, the SMF entity can select the second UPF entity as the transmission anchor point of the target uplink data, so that the target uplink data passes through The first UPF entity and the second UPF entity arrive at the target AF entity. In this way, the transmission time of the target uplink data can be shortened, and the transmission efficiency can be improved.

In a possible implementation manner, the obtaining by the second UPF entity of the second measured delay between the second UPF entity and the first UPF entity according to the second message includes: the second UPF entity reports to the first UPF entity according to the second message Sending an echo request; receiving an echo response sent by the first UPF entity; determining a second measurement delay between the second UPF entity and the first UPF entity according to the time when the echo request is sent and the time when the echo response is received. The second measurement delay is the round-trip delay between the second UPF entity and the first UPF entity. This provides a method of measuring the round-trip delay between the second UPF entity and the first UPF entity.

The seventh aspect provides a UPF entity, the UPF entity includes an acquisition unit, a sending unit and a receiving unit; the acquisition unit is used to acquire the first round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the target application function AF entity; the sending unit is used to The first round-trip delay is sent to the session management function SMF entity; the receiving unit is used to receive the first notification sent by the SMF entity, and the first notification is that the first round-trip delay of the SMF is greater than the difference between the second round-trip delay and the third round-trip delay. The second round-trip delay is the round-trip delay between the second UPF entity and the target AF entity, and the third round-trip delay is the round-trip delay between the second UPF entity and the first UPF entity; The receiving unit is also used to receive target uplink data from the first terminal, the destination address of the target uplink data is the IP address of the target AF entity; the sending unit is also used to send the target uplink data to the second UPF entity according to the first notification.

In a possible implementation manner, the acquisition unit is specifically configured to receive uplink data sent by the first terminal; send uplink data to the target AF entity; receive a confirmation frame sent by the target AF entity, and the confirmation frame is generated by the target AF entity in response to the uplink data and determining the first round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the target AF entity according to the time when the uplink data is sent and the time when the acknowledgment frame is received.

In another possible implementation, the receiving unit is further configured to receive the first message sent by the SMF entity, where the first message includes the IP address of the second UPF entity; Send an echo request; the receiving unit is also used to receive the echo response sent by the second UPF entity; the UPF entity also includes a determination unit, which is used to determine the first UPF entity and The first measured delay between the second UPF entities; the sending unit is further configured to send the first measured delay to the SMF entity.

For the explanation of terms in the seventh aspect, the steps performed by each unit and the beneficial effects can refer to the corresponding description in the first aspect.

The eighth aspect provides a UPF entity, the UPF entity includes a first acquisition unit, a sending unit, a second acquisition unit, a receiving unit and a processing unit; the first acquisition unit is used to acquire the connection between the second UPF entity and the target application function AF entity The second round-trip delay; the sending unit is used to send the second round-trip delay to the session management function SMF entity; the second acquisition unit is used to acquire the second UPF entity between the second UPF entity and the first UPF entity according to the second message The measurement delay; the sending unit is also used to send the second measurement delay to the SMF entity; the receiving unit is used to receive the second notification sent by the SMF entity, and the second notification is that the first round-trip delay of the SMF is greater than the second round-trip delay and the sum of the third round-trip delay, the first round-trip delay is the round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the target AF entity, and the third round-trip delay is determined by the SMF entity based on the second measurement delay The receiving unit is also used to receive the target uplink data sent by the first UPF entity according to the second notification, the destination address of the target uplink data is the IP address of the target AF entity, and the source IP address of the target uplink data is the first The IP address; the sending unit is further configured to send the target uplink data to the target AF entity according to the second notification.

In a possible implementation manner, the first acquisition unit is specifically configured to receive the uplink data sent by the second terminal; send the uplink data to the target AF entity; receive the confirmation frame sent by the target AF entity, and the confirmation frame is the target AF entity response The uplink data is generated; according to the time when the uplink data is sent and the time when the acknowledgment frame is received, the second round-trip time delay between the second UPF entity and the target AF entity is determined.

In another possible implementation, the second obtaining unit is specifically configured to send an echo request to the first UPF entity according to the second message; receive the echo response sent by the first UPF entity; At a moment of , determine a second measurement delay between the second UPF entity and the first UPF entity.

In another possible implementation manner, the sending unit is specifically configured to perform network address port conversion on the first IP address and the first port number in the target uplink data to obtain the second IP address and the second port number; The converted target uplink data is sent to the target AF entity, and the target uplink data after the network address port conversion includes the second IP address and the second port number; the receiving unit is also used to receive the target downlink data sent by the target AF entity, the target downlink data The destination address of the target downlink data is the second IP address, and the destination port number of the target downlink data is the second port number; the sending unit is also used for performing network address port translation on the second IP address and the second port number in the target downlink data; The target downlink data after address port translation is sent to the first UPF entity, and the target downlink data after network address port translation includes a first IP address and a first port number.

For the explanation of terms in the eighth aspect, the steps performed by each unit and the beneficial effects can refer to the corresponding description in the second aspect.

A ninth aspect provides an SMF entity, where the SMF entity includes a receiving unit, a sending unit, and a processing unit; the receiving unit is configured to receive a first round-trip delay sent by a first user plane function UPF entity, and the first round-trip delay is the first The round-trip time delay between the UPF entity and the target application function AF entity; the receiving unit is also used to receive the second round-trip time delay sent by the second UPF entity, and the second round-trip time delay is the time between the second UPF entity and the target AF entity Round-trip delay; the sending unit is used to send a second message to the second UPF entity; the receiving unit is also used to receive the second measurement delay sent by the second UPF entity, and the second measurement delay is the second UPF entity according to the second message Acquired; the processing unit is used to determine the third round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the second UPF entity according to the second measurement delay; the sending unit is also used for when the first round-trip delay is greater than the second round-trip delay and When the sum of the third round-trip delay is reached, a first notification is sent to the first UPF entity, the first notification is used to instruct the first UPF entity to send the target uplink data from the first terminal to the second UPF entity, the purpose of the target uplink data The IP address is the IP address of the target AF entity; the sending unit is also used to send a second notification to the second UPF entity, and the second notification is used to indicate that the second UPF entity receives the target uplink data sent by the first UPF entity and sends the target AF entity Send target uplink data.

In a possible implementation manner, the sending unit is further configured to send a first message to the first UPF entity, where the first message includes the IP address of the second UPF entity; the receiving unit is also configured to receive the first message sent by the first UPF entity. Measurement delay, the first measurement delay is obtained by the first UPF entity according to the first message; the processing unit is specifically configured to determine the distance between the first UPF entity and the second UPF entity according to the second measurement delay and the first measurement delay The third round-trip delay of .

For the explanation of terms in the ninth aspect, the steps performed by each unit and the beneficial effects can refer to the corresponding description in the third aspect.

A tenth aspect provides an SMF entity, where the SMF entity includes a receiving unit, a processing unit, and a sending unit; the receiving unit is configured to receive a first message from a target application function AF entity, and the first message includes an identifier of the first terminal, a second The identification of the terminal, the identification of the target AF entity, the first end-to-end delay and the second end-to-end delay, the first end-to-end delay is the round-trip delay between the first terminal and the target AF entity, and the second The end-to-end delay is the round-trip delay between the second terminal and the target AF entity; receiving the first measurement delay sent by the first UPF entity, the first measurement delay is the time delay between the first terminal and the first UPF entity Round-trip delay; the processing unit is used to determine that the first round-trip delay is equal to the difference obtained by subtracting the first end-to-end delay from the first measurement delay; the receiving unit is also used to receive the second measurement sent by the second UPF entity Delay, the second measurement delay is the round-trip delay between the second terminal and the second UPF entity; the processing unit is also used to determine that the second round-trip delay is equal to the second end-to-end delay minus the second measurement time The difference obtained by the delay; the sending unit is used to send the second message to the second UPF entity; the processing unit is also used to determine the third round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the second UPF entity according to the third measurement delay; The sending unit is also configured to send a first notification to the first UPF entity when the first round-trip delay is greater than the sum of the second round-trip delay and the third round-trip delay, and the first notification is used to indicate that the first UPF entity will receive the second round-trip delay from the second round-trip delay. The target uplink data of a terminal is sent to the second UPF entity, and the destination IP address of the target uplink data is the IP address of the target AF entity; the sending unit is also used to send a second notification to the second UPF entity, and the second notification is used to indicate that the first The two UPF entities receive the target uplink data sent by the first UPF entity and send the target uplink data to the target AF entity.

In a possible implementation manner, the sending unit is further configured to send a third message to the first UPF entity; the receiving unit is further configured to receive a fourth measurement delay sent by the first UPF entity, where the fourth measurement delay is the first acquired by the two UPF entities according to the third message; the processing unit is specifically configured to determine a third round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the second UPF entity according to the third measured delay and the fourth measured delay.

For the explanation of terms in the tenth aspect, the steps performed by each unit and the beneficial effects can refer to the corresponding description in the fourth aspect.

The eleventh aspect provides a UPF entity, the UPF entity includes an acquisition unit, a sending unit, and a receiving unit; the acquisition unit is used to acquire a first measurement delay between the first terminal and the first UPF entity; the sending unit is used to transfer The first measurement delay is sent to the session management function SMF entity, and the first measurement delay is used to determine the first round-trip delay; the receiving unit is used to receive the first notification sent by the SMF entity, and the first notification is that the SMF is at the first round-trip time The second round-trip delay is the round-trip delay between the second UPF entity and the target application function AF entity, and the third round-trip delay is The round-trip delay between the second UPF entity and the first UPF entity; the receiving unit is also used to receive the target uplink data from the first terminal, and the destination address of the target uplink data is the IP address of the target AF entity; the sending unit is also used for Send the target uplink data to the second UPF entity according to the first notification.

In a possible implementation, the receiving unit is further configured to receive a third message sent by the SMF entity, the IP address of the second UPF entity in the third message; the sending unit is also configured to send an echo to the second UPF entity according to the third message Request; the receiving unit is also used to receive the echo response sent by the second UPF entity; the UPF entity also includes a processing unit, which is used to determine the first UPF entity and the second UPF entity according to the time of sending the echo request and the time of receiving the echo response. The fourth measurement delay between UPF entities; the sending unit is further configured to send the fourth measurement delay to the SMF entity.

For the explanation of terms in the eleventh aspect, the steps performed by each unit and the beneficial effects can refer to the corresponding description in the fifth aspect.

A twelfth aspect provides a UPF entity. The UPF entity includes a first acquisition unit, a sending unit, a receiving unit, a second acquisition unit, and a processing unit; the first acquisition unit is used to acquire the information between the second terminal and the second UPF entity. The second measurement delay; the sending unit is used to send the second measurement delay to the session management function SMF entity, and the second measurement delay is used to determine the second round-trip delay between the second UPF entity and the target AF entity; The receiving unit is used to receive the second message sent by the SMF entity, and the second message includes the IP address of the first UPF entity; the second obtaining unit is used to obtain the third link between the second UPF entity and the first UPF entity according to the second message. Measurement delay; the sending unit is also used to send the third measurement delay to the SMF entity, and the third measurement delay is used to determine the third round-trip delay between the second UPF entity and the first UPF entity; the receiving unit also uses To receive the second notification sent by the SMF entity, the second notification is sent by the SMF when the first round-trip delay is greater than the sum of the second round-trip delay and the third round-trip delay, and the first round-trip delay is the first UPF The round-trip delay between the entity and the target application function AF entity; the receiving unit is also used to receive the target uplink data sent by the first UPF entity according to the second notification; the sending unit is also used to send the target uplink data to the target according to the second notification AF entity.

In a possible implementation manner, the first obtaining unit is specifically configured to send an echo request to the first UPF entity according to the second message; receive the echo response sent by the first UPF entity; time, determine a second measurement delay between the second UPF entity and the first UPF entity.

For the explanation of terms in the twelfth aspect, the steps performed by each unit and the beneficial effects can refer to the corresponding description in the sixth aspect.

A thirteenth aspect provides a UPF entity, which includes a processor and a memory, and the memory is used to store a program; the processor is used to implement the data transmission of the first aspect, the second aspect, the fifth aspect or the sixth aspect by executing the program method.

A fourteenth aspect provides an SMF entity, which includes a processor and a memory, the memory is used to store a program; the processor implements the data transmission method in the third aspect or the fourth aspect by executing the program.

A fifteenth aspect provides a communication system, and the communication system includes the UPF entity of the first aspect, the UPF entity of the second aspect, and the SMF entity of the third aspect.

A sixteenth aspect provides another communication system. The communication system includes the SMF entity of the fourth aspect, the UPF entity of the fifth aspect, and the UPF entity of the sixth aspect.

A seventeenth aspect provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which instructions are stored, and when the computer-readable storage medium is run on a computer, it causes the computer to execute the methods of the above-mentioned aspects.

The eighteenth aspect provides a computer program product containing instructions, which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the methods of the above aspects.

A nineteenth aspect provides a chip system, the chip system includes at least one processor, the processor is coupled to a memory, the memory is used to store computer programs or instructions, and the processor is used to execute the computer programs or instructions, so as to implement the methods in the above aspects .

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an existing network architecture;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario in an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the data transmission method in the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of measuring the round-trip delay between the user plane functional entity and the target application functional entity in the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is another schematic diagram of measuring the round-trip delay between the user plane functional entity and the target application functional entity in the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of measuring the round-trip delay between two user plane functional entities in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a data transmission method in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a user plane functional entity in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 9 is another schematic diagram of a user plane functional entity in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a session management functional entity in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 11 is another schematic diagram of the session management functional entity in the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 12 is another schematic diagram of a user plane functional entity in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a user plane functional entity in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 14 is another schematic diagram of a user plane functional entity in an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 15 is another schematic diagram of the session management functional entity in the embodiment of the present application.

Detailed ways

The data transmission method of the present application can be applied to an end-to-end data transmission scenario. For example, the data transmission scenario between the terminal and the application function entity in the 5G network. It should be understood that the wireless communication network to which the data transmission method of the present application is applied may also be a network after 5G.

A specific application scenario is described below. Referring to FIG. 2, the wireless communication network includes a first terminal 201, a second terminal 202, a first base station 211, a second base station 212, and a first user plane function (UPF entity). ) 221, a second user plane function entity 222, an application function (application function, AF) entity 23, a session management function entity 24, a measurement control function (policy control function, PCF) entity 25 and a network capability exposure function (network exposure function, NEF) Entity 26.

The first terminal 201 and the second terminal 202 may be, but not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a vehicle computer, a smart wearable device, an Internet of Things device, and the like. The terminal is also called user equipment (user equipment, UE), mobile device, wireless communication device, and the like.

The first user plane functional entity 221, the second user plane functional entity 222, the session management functional entity 24, the measurement control functional entity 25, and the network capability opening functional entity 26 are all network elements of the 5G core network. The first user plane functional entity 221 and the second user plane functional entity 222 are responsible for routing and forwarding, policy enforcement, traffic reporting, and quality of service (quality of service, QoS) processing. The session management function entity 24 is used to select a user plane function entity as a user plane anchor point for the terminal. The measurement control functional entity 25 is used to provide policy rules to the control plane functional entity (such as the session management functional entity 24). The network capability opening function entity 26 is used to open the 5G network function to the Internet server through an application programming interface (application programming interface, API) interface. The application functional entity 23 is an OTT server for providing Internet services. OTT is the abbreviation of over the top, which specifically refers to the technology that Internet companies use the broadband network of operators to develop their own business. OTT services include but are not limited to financial transactions, e-commerce orders, online ticketing, etc.

When the first terminal 201 sends service data to the application function entity 23, the service data arrives at the application function entity 23 through the first base station 211 and the first user plane function entity 221 in sequence. When the application function entity 23 sends service data to the first terminal 201 , the service data arrives at the first terminal 201 through the first user plane function entity 221 and the first base station 211 in sequence. The data transmitted between the second terminal 202 and the application function entity 23 will go through the second base station 212 and the second user plane function entity 222 .

In the 5G core network, various functional entities can communicate through interfaces. For example, the session management function entity 24 communicates with the first user plane function entity 221 and the second user plane function entity 222 through the N4 interface. The application function entity 23 communicates with the first user plane function entity 221 and the second user plane function entity 222 through the N6 interface. The session management functional entity 24 communicates with the measurement control functional entity 25 through the N7 interface. The network capability opening function entity 26 communicates with the measurement control function entity 25 through the N30 interface. The network capability opening function entity 26 communicates with the application function entity 23 through the N33 interface.

In OTT services, transactional processing servers such as financial transactions, e-commerce orders, and online ticketing generally cannot be deployed in a decentralized manner. However, the deployment sites of UPF entities in 5GC are relatively scattered and geographically distributed. Since different user plane functional entities have different routing hops and egress bandwidths to the same server, there are differences in the time delays for different terminals to access the same server. For example, the time delay for the first terminal 201 to access a certain server is greater than the time delay for the second terminal 202 to access the server.

Since the existing delay measurement method only measures the delay between the terminal and the UPF entity, but not the delay between the terminal and the AF entity, it is difficult to guarantee the service delay. In order to improve the service delay, this application provides a data transmission method, which can measure the delay between the UPF entity and the AF, and adjust the end-to-end data transmission path according to the measured delay, thereby reducing the end-to-end delay. The data transmission method of the present application is introduced below. Referring to FIG. 3, an embodiment of a data transmission method provided by the present application includes:

Step 301, the first user plane functional entity acquires the first round-trip delay.

The first round trip time delay is a round trip time delay (round trip time, RTT) between the first UPF entity and the target AF entity. The round-trip delay is also called the round-trip delay. The target AF entity is a device that provides business services, specifically, but not limited to, a financial transaction server, an e-commerce order server, an online ticketing server, and the like.

Step 302, the first user plane functional entity sends the first round-trip delay to the session management functional entity.

Step 303, the second user plane functional entity acquires a second round-trip delay.

The second round-trip delay is the round-trip delay between the second UPF entity and the target AF entity.

Step 304, the second user plane functional entity sends the second round-trip delay to the session management functional entity.

Step 305, the session management functional entity sends a second message to the second user plane functional entity.

Optionally, when the first round-trip delay is greater than the sum of the second round-trip delay and the preset threshold, the session management functional entity sends the second message to the second user plane functional entity. The preset threshold is greater than 0, which can be set according to the delay between UPFs or the actual situation. When the first round-trip delay is greater than the sum of the second round-trip delay and the preset threshold, it indicates that the round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the target AF entity may be optimized.

Step 306, the second user plane functional entity obtains the second measurement delay according to the second message.

The second measurement delay is the round-trip delay between the second user plane functional entity and the first user plane functional entity.

Step 307, the second user plane functional entity sends the second measured delay to the session management functional entity.

Step 308, the session management function entity determines a third round-trip delay according to the second measured delay.

The third round-trip delay is the round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the second UPF entity. Optionally, the third round-trip delay is equal to the second measurement delay.

Step 309, the session management function entity judges whether the first round-trip delay is greater than the sum of the second round-trip delay and the third round-trip delay, if yes, execute steps 310 and 311, if not, do not execute subsequent steps.

Step 310, the session management functional entity sends a first notification to the first user plane functional entity. The first notification may include the session identifier of the first terminal, and may also include the user identifier of the first terminal. The first notification includes one or more messages.

Step 311, the session management functional entity sends a second notification to the second user plane functional entity.

The second notification includes the session identifier of the first terminal, and may also include the user identifier of the first terminal. User identification includes but not limited to international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI), mobile subscriber international integrated service digital network number (mobile subscriber international integrated service digital network number, MSISDN), international mobile equipment identity (international mobile equipment one or more of identity, IMEI). The second user plane functional entity can establish the context of the first terminal according to the second notification, so that the second UPF entity can serve as another PSA between the first terminal and the target AF entity.

It should be understood that the second notification includes one or more messages. Step 310 and step 311 have no fixed sequence. Step 311 can be performed before step 310, or the two steps can be performed in parallel.

Step 312, the first user plane functional entity receives the target uplink data sent by the first terminal. The target uplink data may be a transmission control protocol (transmission control protocol, TCP) message.

Step 313, the first user plane functional entity sends the target uplink data to the second user plane functional entity according to the first notification. The target uplink data refers to uplink data whose source Internet protocol (internet protocol, IP) address is the first IP address of the first terminal, and whose destination IP address is the IP address of the target AF entity. The first IP address is a source IP address belonging to a private network, which is also called a private network.

After receiving the first notification, the first UPF entity may add a traffic classification function according to the first notification. After the first UPF entity receives the uplink data, it can obtain the target uplink data through the traffic classification function, and then send the target uplink data to the second UPF entity. The first UPF entity may forward other uplink data except the target uplink data, that is, the first UPF entity serves as the PSA of the other uplink data.

Step 314, the second user plane functional entity sends the target uplink data to the target application functional entity according to the second notification.

It should be noted that the second UPF entity may directly send the target uplink data to the target AF entity, or may convert the source IP address and source port number of the target uplink data to the network address and port number, and then convert the converted target uplink data Sent to the target AF entity. The second UPF entity may also receive the target downlink data sent by the target application function entity according to the second notification, and then send the target downlink data to the first UPF entity, where the target downlink data is data sent by the target AF entity to the first terminal.

In this embodiment, the SMF entity may obtain the first round-trip delay, the second round-trip delay, and the third round-trip delay. When the first round-trip delay is greater than the sum of the second round-trip delay and the third round-trip delay, it indicates that the data reaches the target AF entity through the first UPF entity and the second UPF entity than the data reaches the target AF entity through the first UPF entity. Fast, so that the first UPF entity forwards the target uplink data to the second UPF entity, and the second UPF entity sends the target uplink data to the target AF entity, which can shorten the data transmission time to meet the end-to-end delay requirement. Wherein, the first UPF entity is PSA1, and the second UPF entity is PSA2.

It should be understood that, after the time delays between multiple UPF entities and the target AF entity and the time delays between multiple UPF entities are measured according to the method of the present application, the path delay passing through one or more UPF entities can be determined. Usually, the path with the shortest path delay can be selected for data transmission, or other paths can be selected for data transmission according to actual conditions.

It should be noted that in this application, it is also possible to determine the one-way transmission delay between entities, and then determine whether to adjust the data transmission path according to the single transmission delay. The one-way transmission delay between device A and device B is equal to half of the round-trip delay between device A and device B. Device A or device B may be, but not limited to, a terminal, a base station, a UPF entity, and an AF entity in this application.

The method for obtaining the round-trip delay is described in detail below, referring to Figure 4, in an optional embodiment, step 301 includes:

Step 401, the first user plane functional entity receives uplink data sent by the first terminal. The uplink data may be a TCP packet.

Step 402, the first user plane functional entity sends uplink data to the target application functional entity.

Step 403, the first user plane functional entity receives the confirmation frame sent by the target application functional entity. The confirmation frame is generated by the target AF entity in response to uplink data.

Step 404, the first user plane functional entity determines the first round-trip delay according to the time when the uplink data is sent and the time when the acknowledgment frame is received.

In this embodiment, the first user plane functional entity can obtain the time of sending uplink data when sending uplink data, and can obtain the time of receiving the confirmation frame when receiving the confirmation frame, so that the first user plane functional entity and the target application function can be determined The round-trip delay between entities. It should be understood that step 401 is optional. In another optional embodiment, directly executing steps 402 to 404 may also obtain the round-trip delay between the first user plane functional entity and the target application functional entity.

The method for obtaining the second round-trip delay is introduced below. Referring to FIG. 5, in an optional embodiment, step 303 includes:

Step 501, the second user plane functional entity receives uplink data sent by the second terminal. The uplink data may be a TCP packet.

Step 502, the second user plane functional entity sends uplink data to the target application functional entity.

Step 503, the second user plane functional entity receives the confirmation frame sent by the target application functional entity.

The confirmation frame is generated by the target AF entity in response to uplink data.

Step 504, the second user plane functional entity determines the second round-trip delay according to the time when the uplink data is sent and the time when the acknowledgment frame is received.

In this embodiment, the second user plane functional entity can obtain the time of sending the uplink data when sending the uplink data, and can obtain the time of receiving the confirmation frame when receiving the confirmation frame, so that the second user plane functional entity and the target application function can be determined The round-trip delay between entities. It should be understood that step 501 is optional. In another optional embodiment, directly executing steps 502 to 504 may also obtain the round-trip delay between the second user plane functional entity and the target application functional entity.

The following is an introduction to the measurement process of the round-trip delay between UPF entities. Referring to FIG. 6, in another optional embodiment, step 306 includes:

Step 601, the second user plane functional entity sends an echo request to the first user plane functional entity according to the second message.

Step 602, the second user plane functional entity receives the echo response sent by the first UPF entity.

Step 603, the second user plane functional entity determines a second measurement delay between the second user plane functional entity and the first user plane functional entity according to the time when the echo request is sent and the time when the echo response is received.

In this embodiment, the echo request and the echo response may be, but not limited to, signaling in a GPRS tunneling protocol (GPRS tunneling protocol, GTP) path maintenance message. GTP can be, but is not limited to, GTP-U.

The second measurement delay is the round-trip delay between the second UPF entity and the first UPF entity. Optionally, the second measurement delay is equal to the third round-trip delay. This provides a way to measure the round-trip delay between UPF entities.

The present application may determine the round-trip delay between the second UPF entity and the first UPF entity in various ways. The situation that the second measurement delay is used as the third round-trip delay is introduced above, and another method for obtaining the third round-trip delay is introduced below.

In another optional embodiment, the above data transmission method further includes: the SMF entity sends a first message to the first UPF entity, and the first message includes the IP address of the second UPF entity; the first UPF entity obtains the second UPF entity according to the first message. After a measurement delay, the SMF entity receives the first measurement delay sent by the first UPF entity; determines the third round-trip time between the first UPF entity and the second UPF entity according to the second measurement delay and the first measurement delay delay.

In this embodiment, the third round-trip delay may be an arithmetic mean of the first measured delay and the second measured delay.

Optionally, the acquiring the first measurement delay by the first UPF entity according to the first message includes: the first UPF entity sends an echo request to the second UPF entity according to the first message, and receives an echo response sent by the second UPF entity; The moment of the request and the moment of receiving the echo response determine a first measured delay between the first UPF entity and the second UPF entity.

In another optional embodiment, the SMF entity may also use the first measurement delay as the third round-trip delay.

In another optional embodiment, after the second UPF entity receives the target uplink data, it performs network address port conversion on the first IP address and the first port number in the target uplink data; the target uplink data after the network address port conversion Sent to the target AF entity, the target uplink data after network address port conversion includes the second IP address and the second port number; after the second UPF entity receives the target downlink data sent by the target AF entity, the destination address of the target downlink data is the second The IP address, the destination port number of the target downlink data is the second port number; the destination IP address and the destination port number in the target downlink data are subjected to network address port conversion; the target downlink data after the network address port conversion is sent to the first UPF In the entity, the target downlink data after network address port translation includes a first IP address and a first port number.

In this embodiment, the first IP address and the second IP address in the target uplink data are source IP addresses, and the first port number and the second port number are source port numbers. The first IP address and the second IP address in the target downlink data are destination IP addresses, and the first port number and the second port number are destination port numbers.

The second UPF entity performs network address translation on the source IP address (ie, the first IP address) and the source port number (ie, the first port number) of the target uplink data, so that the private network address of the first terminal is converted into a public network address (including second IP address and second port number). After the network address translation, the target downlink data from the target AF entity can reach the first terminal through the second UPF entity and the first UPF entity. The second UPF entity is PSA2, and the first UPF entity is PSA1.

Network address translation can prevent target downlink data from reaching the first terminal from the first UPF entity without passing through the second UPF entity, thereby preventing downlink routing conflicts and shortening downlink transmission time.

Another method for measuring the round-trip delay between the UPF entity and the application function entity is introduced below. Referring to FIG. 7, another embodiment of the data transmission method provided by the present application includes:

Step 701, the session management function entity receives the first message from the target application function entity.

In this embodiment, the first message includes the identifier of the first terminal, the identifier of the second terminal, the identifier of the target application function entity, the first end-to-end delay, and the second end-to-end delay. An identifier can be, but is not limited to, an IP quintuple. IP quintuple includes source IP address, source port number, destination IP address, destination port number and transport layer protocol. The first message may include more than three terminal identifiers and more than three end-to-end delays.

The target AF entity may measure the first end-to-end delay and the second end-to-end delay. The first end-to-end delay is the round-trip delay between the first terminal and the target AF entity, and the second end-to-end delay is the round-trip delay between the second terminal and the target AF entity. Optionally, the target AF entity measures the round-trip delay between the first terminal and the target AF entity multiple times, and uses the average value of the multiple measurement results as the first end-to-end delay. And/or, the target AF entity measures the round-trip delay between the second terminal and the target AF entity multiple times, and uses the average value of the multiple measurement results as the second end-to-end delay.

From the target AF entity to the SMF entity, the first message may still pass through other network elements. In an example, the target AF entity sends the first message to the NEF entity, the NEF entity sends the first message to the PCF entity, and the PCF entity sends the first message to the SMF entity.

Step 702, the first user plane functional entity acquires the first measurement delay.

The first measured delay is a round-trip delay between the first terminal and the first UPF entity. For the method of obtaining the first measurement delay, refer to the method for measuring the delay between the terminal and the UPF entity in the background art. Optionally, the time delay between the first terminal and the first UPF entity is measured multiple times, and the first measured time delay is determined as an average value of the multiple measurement results.

Step 703, the first user plane functional entity sends the first measured delay to the session management functional entity.

Step 704, the session management function entity determines that the first round-trip delay is equal to the difference obtained by subtracting the first measured delay from the first end-to-end delay.

Step 705, the second user plane functional entity acquires the second measurement delay.

The second measurement delay is a round-trip delay between the second terminal and the second UPF entity. Optionally, the time delay between the second terminal and the second UPF entity is measured multiple times, and the second measured time delay is determined as an average value of the multiple measurement results.

Step 706, the second user plane functional entity sends the second measured delay to the session management functional entity.

Step 707, the session management function entity determines that the second round-trip delay is equal to the difference obtained by subtracting the second measured delay from the second end-to-end delay.

Step 708, the session management functional entity sends a second message to the second user plane functional entity.

Step 709, the second user plane functional entity acquires the third measurement delay according to the second message.

The third measurement delay is the round-trip delay between the second UPF entity and the first UPF entity.

Step 710, the second user plane functional entity sends the third measured delay to the session management functional entity.

Step 711, the session management function entity determines a third round-trip delay according to the third measured delay.

Optionally, the third measurement delay is equal to the third round-trip delay.

Step 712, the session management function entity judges whether the first round-trip delay is greater than the sum of the second round-trip delay and the third round-trip delay, if yes, execute steps 713 and 714, if not, do not execute subsequent steps.

Step 713, the session management functional entity sends a first notification to the first user plane functional entity. The first notification may include the session identifier of the first terminal, and may also include the user identifier of the first terminal.

Step 714, the session management functional entity sends a second notification to the second user plane functional entity.

The second notification includes the session identifier of the first terminal, and may also include the user identifier of the first terminal. The user identifier includes but not limited to one or more of IMSI, MSISDN, and IMEI. The second UPF entity can establish the context of the first terminal according to the second notification, so that the second UPF entity can serve as another PSA between the first terminal and the target AF entity.

Step 713 and step 714 have no fixed sequence. Step 713 can be performed before step 714, or the two steps can be performed in parallel.

Step 715, the first user plane functional entity receives the target uplink data sent by the first terminal. The target uplink data may be a user datagram protocol (user datagram protocol, UDP) message.

Step 716, the first user plane functional entity sends the target uplink data to the second user plane functional entity according to the first notification.

Step 717, the second user plane functional entity sends the target uplink data to the target application functional entity according to the second notification.

In this embodiment, the SMF entity may determine the round-trip delay between the UPF entity and the target AF entity according to the round-trip delay between the terminal and the target AF entity and the round-trip delay between the terminal and the UPF entity. This provides another way to measure the round-trip delay between the UPF entity and the target AF entity. When the first round-trip delay is greater than the sum of the second round-trip delay and the third round-trip delay, it indicates that the data reaches the target AF entity through the first UPF entity and the second UPF entity than the data reaches the target AF entity through the first UPF entity. Fast, so that the first UPF entity forwards the target uplink data to the second UPF entity, and the second UPF entity sends the target uplink data to the target AF entity, which can shorten the data transmission time to meet the end-to-end delay requirement. Wherein, the first UPF entity is PSA1, and the second UPF entity is PSA2.

It should be understood that the target AF entity can measure the end-to-end delay between more than three terminals and the target AF entity, and send the measured end-to-end delays to the SMF entity. The SMF entity can also receive the time delay between the UE and the UPF entity sent by multiple UPF entities, so that the time delay between the multiple UPF entities and the target AF entity can be obtained. After the time delay between multiple UPF entities is measured according to the method of the present application, the path time delay passing through one or more UPF entities can be determined. Usually, the path with the shortest path delay can be selected for data transmission, or other paths can be selected for data transmission according to actual conditions.

In an optional embodiment, the above data transmission method further includes: the first UPF entity receives the third message sent by the SMF entity, the IP address of the second UPF entity in the third message; and sends an echo to the second UPF entity according to the third message request; receive the echo response sent by the second UPF entity; determine the fourth measurement delay between the first UPF entity and the second UPF entity according to the moment of sending the echo request and the moment of receiving the echo response; delay the fourth measurement Send to the SMF entity; determine the third round-trip delay according to the fourth measurement delay and the third measurement delay.

In this embodiment, the third round-trip delay is an arithmetic mean value of the fourth measurement delay and the third measurement delay.

In another optional embodiment, the third round-trip delay is equal to the fourth measurement delay.

In another optional embodiment, step 709 includes: the second UPF entity sends an echo request to the first UPF entity according to the second message; receives the echo response sent by the first UPF entity; At a moment of , determine a third measurement delay between the second UPF entity and the first UPF entity.

In this embodiment, the third measurement delay is a round-trip delay between the second UPF entity and the first UPF entity. Optionally, the third measurement delay is equal to the third round-trip delay.

In this embodiment, the first IP address and the second IP address in the target uplink data are source IP addresses, and the first port number and the second port number are source port numbers. Both the first IP address and the second IP address in the target downlink data are destination IP addresses, and both the first port number and the second port number are destination port numbers.

The second UPF entity performs network address translation on the source IP address and source port number of the target uplink data, so that the private network address of the first terminal is converted into a public network address. After the network address translation, the target downlink data from the target AF entity can reach the first terminal through the second UPF entity and the first UPF entity. The second UPF entity is PSA2, and the first UPF entity is PSA1.

It should be understood that the uplink in this application refers to the data sent from the terminal to the AF entity, and the uplink data refers to the data sent from the terminal to the AF. The downlink refers to the data sent by the AF entity to the terminal, and the downlink data refers to the data sent by the AF entity to the terminal. The descriptions of the first message, the second message and the third message in this application are to distinguish different messages, and do not represent a limitation on the message sending order or message names. The description of the first notification and the second notification in this application is to distinguish different notification messages, and does not represent a limitation on the order of sending notification messages or message names. The descriptions of the first measurement delay, the second measurement delay, the third measurement delay and the fourth measurement delay in this application are to distinguish different delays, and do not indicate the order of sending delays or the names of delays limit.

The data transmission method of the present application has been introduced above, and the device for realizing the above data transmission method of the present application will be introduced below. The user plane functional entity 800 shown in FIG. 8 can implement the steps performed by the first user plane functional entity in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 3 to 6 . Referring to FIG. 8, an embodiment of the user plane functional entity 800 in this application includes:

An acquiring unit 801, configured to acquire a first round-trip delay between a first UPF entity and a target AF entity;

A sending unit 802, configured to send the first round-trip delay to the SMF entity;

The receiving unit 803 is configured to receive the first notification sent by the SMF entity, the first notification is sent by the SMF when the first round-trip delay is greater than the sum of the second round-trip delay and the third round-trip delay, and the second round-trip time Delay is the round-trip delay between the second UPF entity and the target AF entity, and the third round-trip delay is the round-trip delay between the second UPF entity and the first UPF entity;

The receiving unit 803 is further configured to receive target uplink data from the first terminal, where the destination address of the target uplink data is the IP address of the target AF entity;

The sending unit 802 is further configured to send the target uplink data to the second UPF entity according to the first notification.

In an optional embodiment, the acquiring unit 801 is specifically configured to receive the uplink data sent by the first terminal; send the uplink data to the target AF entity; receive the confirmation frame sent by the target AF entity, and the confirmation frame is generated by the target AF entity in response to the uplink data and determining the first round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the target AF entity according to the time when the uplink data is sent and the time when the acknowledgment frame is received.

In another alternative embodiment,

The receiving unit 803 is further configured to receive a first message sent by the SMF entity, where the first message includes the IP address of the second UPF entity;

The sending unit 802 is further configured to send an echo request to the second UPF entity according to the first message;

The receiving unit 803 is further configured to receive the echo response sent by the second UPF entity;

The user plane functional entity 800 also includes:

A determining unit, configured to determine a first measurement delay between the first UPF entity and the second UPF entity according to the time when the echo request is sent and the time when the echo response is received;

The sending unit 802 is further configured to send the first measured delay to the SMF entity.

For the explanation of names in the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 , the steps performed by each unit and the beneficial effects can refer to the corresponding descriptions in the above embodiments.

The user plane functional entity 900 shown in FIG. 9 can implement the steps performed by the second user plane functional entity in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 3 to 6 . Referring to FIG. 9, another embodiment of the user plane functional entity 900 in this application includes:

The first obtaining unit 901 is configured to obtain a second round-trip delay between the second UPF entity and the target application function AF entity;

A sending unit 902, configured to send the second round-trip delay to the session management function SMF entity;

The second acquiring unit 903 is configured to acquire a second measurement delay between the second UPF entity and the first UPF entity according to the second message;

The sending unit 902 is further configured to send the second measurement delay to the SMF entity;

The receiving unit 904 is configured to receive the second notification sent by the SMF entity, the second notification is sent by the SMF when the first round-trip delay is greater than the sum of the second round-trip delay and the third round-trip delay, the first round-trip time The delay is the round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the target AF entity, and the third round-trip delay is determined by the SMF entity according to the second measurement delay;

The receiving unit 904 is further configured to receive the target uplink data sent by the first UPF entity according to the second notification, the destination address of the target uplink data is the IP address of the target AF entity, and the source IP address of the target uplink data is the first IP address of the first terminal. IP address;

The sending unit 902 is further configured to send the target uplink data to the target AF entity according to the second notification.

In an alternative embodiment,

The first acquisition unit 901 is specifically configured to receive the uplink data sent by the second terminal; send the uplink data to the target AF entity; receive the confirmation frame sent by the target AF entity, and the confirmation frame is generated by the target AF entity in response to the uplink data; The time of the data and the time of receiving the confirmation frame determine the second round-trip delay between the second UPF entity and the target AF entity.

In another alternative embodiment,

The second acquisition unit 903 is specifically configured to send an echo request to the first UPF entity according to the second message; receive the echo response sent by the first UPF entity; determine the second UPF entity and A second measurement delay between the first UPF entities.

In another optional embodiment, the sending unit 902 is specifically configured to perform network address port conversion on the first IP address and the first port number in the target uplink data to obtain the second IP address and the second port number; The converted target uplink data is sent to the target AF entity, and the target uplink data after network address port conversion includes a second IP address and a second port number;

The receiving unit 904 is also configured to receive the target downlink data sent by the target AF entity, the destination address of the target downlink data is the second IP address, and the destination port number of the target downlink data is the second port number;

The sending unit 902 is also configured to perform network address port conversion on the second IP address and the second port number in the target downlink data; send the target downlink data after the network address port conversion to the first UPF entity, after the network address port conversion The target downlink data includes a first IP address and a first port number.

For the explanation of names in the embodiment shown in FIG. 9 , the steps performed by each unit and the beneficial effects can refer to the corresponding descriptions in the above embodiments.

The session management function entity 1000 shown in FIG. 10 can implement the steps performed by the session management function entity in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 3 to 6 . Referring to FIG. 10, an embodiment of a session management function entity 1000 in this application includes: a receiving unit 1001, a processing unit 1002 and a sending unit 1003;

The receiving unit 1001 is configured to receive the first round-trip delay sent by the first user plane function UPF entity, where the first round-trip delay is the round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the target application function AF entity;

The receiving unit 1001 is further configured to receive a second round-trip delay sent by the second UPF entity, where the second round-trip delay is the round-trip delay between the second UPF entity and the target AF entity;

a sending unit 1003, configured to send a second message to a second UPF entity;

The receiving unit 1001 is also used to receive the second measurement delay sent by the second UPF entity, and the second measurement delay is obtained by the second UPF entity according to the second message;

The processing unit 1002 is configured to determine a third round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the second UPF entity according to the second measured delay;

The sending unit 1003 is further configured to send a first notification to the first UPF entity when the first round-trip delay is greater than the sum of the second round-trip delay and the third round-trip delay, and the first notification is used to indicate that the first UPF entity will The target uplink data from the first terminal is sent to the second UPF entity, and the destination IP address of the target uplink data is the IP address of the target AF entity;

The sending unit 1003 is further configured to send a second notification to the second UPF entity, where the second notification is used to instruct the second UPF entity to receive the target uplink data sent by the first UPF entity and to send the target uplink data to the target AF entity.

In an alternative embodiment,

The sending unit 1003 is further configured to send a first message to the first UPF entity, where the first message includes the IP address of the second UPF entity;

The receiving unit 1001 is further configured to receive a first measurement delay sent by the first UPF entity, where the first measurement delay is obtained by the first UPF entity according to the first message;

The processing unit 1002 is specifically configured to determine a third round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the second UPF entity according to the second measured delay and the first measured delay.

For the explanation of names in the embodiment shown in FIG. 10 , the steps performed by each unit and the beneficial effects can refer to the corresponding descriptions in the above embodiments.

The session management function entity 1100 shown in FIG. 11 can implement the steps performed by the session management function entity in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 . Referring to Figure 11, an embodiment of the session management function entity 1100 includes:

The receiving unit 1101 is configured to receive a first message from a target application function AF entity, where the first message includes the identifier of the first terminal, the identifier of the second terminal, the identifier of the target AF entity, the first end-to-end delay, and the second End-to-end delay, the first end-to-end delay is the round-trip delay between the first terminal and the target AF entity, and the second end-to-end delay is the round-trip delay between the second terminal and the target AF entity;

The receiving unit 1101 is further configured to receive a first measurement delay sent by the first UPF entity, where the first measurement delay is a round-trip delay between the first terminal and the first UPF entity;

A processing unit 1102, configured to determine that the first round-trip delay is equal to the difference obtained by subtracting the first end-to-end delay from the first measured delay;

The receiving unit 1101 is further configured to receive a second measurement delay sent by the second UPF entity, where the second measurement delay is a round-trip delay between the second terminal and the second UPF entity;

The processing unit 1102 is further configured to determine that the second round-trip delay is equal to the difference obtained by subtracting the second end-to-end delay from the second measurement delay;

a sending unit 1103, configured to send a second message to a second UPF entity;

The processing unit 1102 is further configured to determine a third round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the second UPF entity according to the third measured delay;

The sending unit 1103 is further configured to send a first notification to the first UPF entity when the first round-trip delay is greater than the sum of the second round-trip delay and the third round-trip delay, and the first notification is used to indicate that the first UPF entity will The target uplink data from the first terminal is sent to the second UPF entity, and the destination IP address of the target uplink data is the IP address of the target AF entity;

The sending unit 1103 is further configured to send a second notification to the second UPF entity, where the second notification is used to instruct the second UPF entity to receive the target uplink data sent by the first UPF entity and to send the target uplink data to the target AF entity.

In an alternative embodiment,

The sending unit 1103 is further configured to send a third message to the first UPF entity;

The receiving unit 1101 is further configured to receive a fourth measurement delay sent by the first UPF entity, where the fourth measurement delay is obtained by the second UPF entity according to the third message;

The processing unit 1102 is specifically configured to determine a third round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the second UPF entity according to the third measured delay and the fourth measured delay.

For the explanation of names in the embodiment shown in FIG. 11 , the steps performed by each unit and the beneficial effects, please refer to the corresponding description in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 .

The user plane functional entity 1200 shown in FIG. 12 can implement the function of the first user plane functional entity in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 . Referring to Figure 12, another embodiment of the user plane functional entity 1200 in this application includes:

An acquiring unit 1201, configured to acquire a first measurement delay between the first terminal and the first UPF entity;

A sending unit 1202, configured to send the first measured delay to the session management function SMF entity, where the first measured delay is used to determine the first round-trip delay;

The receiving unit 1203 is configured to receive the first notification sent by the SMF entity. The first notification is sent by the SMF when the first round-trip delay is greater than the sum of the second round-trip delay and the third round-trip delay. The second round-trip time Latency is the round-trip delay between the second UPF entity and the target application function AF entity, and the third round-trip delay is the round-trip delay between the second UPF entity and the first UPF entity;

The receiving unit 1203 is further configured to receive target uplink data from the first terminal, where the destination address of the target uplink data is the IP address of the target AF entity;

The sending unit 1202 is further configured to send the target uplink data to the second UPF entity according to the first notification.

In an alternative embodiment,

The receiving unit 1203 is further configured to receive a third message sent by the SMF entity, the IP address of the second UPF entity in the third message;

The sending unit 1202 is further configured to send an echo request to the second UPF entity according to the third message;

The receiving unit 1203 is further configured to receive the echo response sent by the second UPF entity;

The user plane functional entity 1200 also includes:

A processing unit, configured to determine a fourth measurement delay between the first UPF entity and the second UPF entity according to the time when the echo request is sent and the time when the echo response is received;

The sending unit 1202 is further configured to send the fourth measurement delay to the SMF entity.

For the explanation of names in the embodiment shown in FIG. 12 , the steps performed by each unit and the beneficial effects, please refer to the corresponding description in the embodiment in FIG. 7 .

The user plane functional entity 1300 shown in FIG. 13 can implement the function of the second user plane functional entity in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 . Referring to Figure 13, an embodiment of the user plane functional entity 1300 in this application includes:

The first obtaining unit 1301 is configured to obtain a second measurement delay between the second terminal and the second UPF entity;

A sending unit 1302, configured to send a second measured delay to the SMF entity, where the second measured delay is used to determine a second round-trip delay between the second UPF entity and the target AF entity;

The receiving unit 1303 is configured to receive a second message sent by the SMF entity, where the second message includes the IP address of the first UPF entity;

The second acquiring unit 1304 is configured to acquire a third measurement delay between the second UPF entity and the first UPF entity according to the second message;

The sending unit 1302 is further configured to send a third measurement delay to the SMF entity, where the third measurement delay is used to determine a third round-trip delay between the second UPF entity and the first UPF entity;

The receiving unit 1303 is also configured to receive the second notification sent by the SMF entity, the second notification is sent by the SMF when the first round-trip delay is greater than the sum of the second round-trip delay and the third round-trip delay, the first round-trip Delay is the round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the target application function AF entity;

The receiving unit 1303 is further configured to receive the target uplink data sent by the first UPF entity according to the second notification;

The sending unit 1302 is further configured to send the target uplink data to the target AF entity according to the second notification.

In an alternative embodiment,

The second acquisition unit 1304 is specifically configured to send an echo request to the first UPF entity according to the second message; receive the echo response sent by the first UPF entity; determine the second UPF entity according to the time when the echo request is sent and the time when the echo response is received A third measurement delay with the first UPF entity.

For the explanation of names in the embodiment shown in FIG. 13 , the steps performed by each unit and the beneficial effects, please refer to the corresponding description in the embodiment in FIG. 7 .

The following describes the user plane functional entity and the session management functional entity of this application from the perspective of hardware devices. Referring to FIG. and network interface 1403 .

In this embodiment, the memory 1402 is used to store information such as programs, instructions, or data. By invoking the programs or instructions stored in the memory 1402, the processor 1401 is configured to execute the steps performed by the first UPF entity or the second UPF entity in the embodiments shown in FIG. 3 to FIG. 7 .

It should be understood that the processor 1401 mentioned in this embodiment may be a central processing unit (central processing unit, CPU), and may also be other general processors, digital signal processors (digital signal processors, DSP), application specific integrated circuits ( application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), off-the-shelf programmable gate array (field programmable gate array, FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, or the processor may be any conventional processor, or the like.

It should also be understood that the memory 1402 mentioned in the embodiment of the present application may be a volatile memory or a nonvolatile memory, or may include both volatile and nonvolatile memories. Among them, the non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (read-only memory, ROM), programmable read-only memory (programmable ROM, PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (erasable PROM, EPROM), electrically programmable Erases programmable read-only memory (electrically EPROM, EEPROM) or flash memory. Volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), which acts as external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, many forms of RAM are available such as static random access memory (static RAM, SRAM), dynamic random access memory (dynamic RAM, DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (synchronous DRAM, SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (double data rate SDRAM, DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (enhanced SDRAM, ESDRAM), synchronous connection dynamic random access memory (synchlink DRAM, SLDRAM ) and direct memory bus random access memory (direct rambus RAM, DR RAM).

Network interface 1403 may be used to receive information or send information. Information can be, but is not limited to, messages, data or instructions.

Referring to FIG. 15 , another embodiment of a session management function entity 1500 in this application includes: a processor 1501 , a memory 1502 and a network interface 1503 connected through a bus 1504 .

In this embodiment, the memory 1502 is used to store information such as programs, instructions, or data. By calling the programs or instructions stored in the memory 1502, the processor 1501 is configured to execute the steps executed by the SMF entity in the embodiments shown in FIG. 3 to FIG. 7 .

The network interface 1503 can be used to receive information or send information. Information can be, but is not limited to, messages, data or instructions.

It should be understood that the processor 1501 in this embodiment of the present application may be a CPU, or other general-purpose processors, DSP, ASIC, FPGA or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, and the like. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, or the processor may be any conventional processor, or the like.

It should also be understood that the memory 1502 mentioned in the embodiment of the present application may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memories. Wherein, the non-volatile memory may be ROM, PROM, EPROM, EEPROM or flash memory. Volatile memory can be RAM, which acts as external cache memory. It should be noted that when the processor is a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components, the memory (storage module) is integrated in the processor. It should be noted that the memories described herein are intended to include, but are not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memories.

It should be noted that the information interaction and execution process between the modules/units of the above-mentioned device are based on the same concept as the method embodiment of the present application, and the technical effect it brings is the same as that of the method embodiment of the present application. The specific content can be Refer to the descriptions in the foregoing method embodiments of the present application, and details are not repeated here.

The present application provides a computer-readable storage medium. A computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is run on a computer, it causes the computer to execute the data transmission method in the foregoing embodiment or optional embodiment.

The present application also provides a computer program product, which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute the data transmission method in the above-mentioned embodiments or optional embodiments.

The present application also provides a chip system, which includes a processor and a memory coupled to each other. The memory is used to store computer programs or instructions, and the processing unit is used to execute the computer programs or instructions stored in the memory, so that the UPF entity performs the steps performed by the first UPF entity or the second UPF entity in the above embodiments. Optionally, the memory is an on-chip memory, such as a register, a cache, etc., and the memory can also be a memory located outside the chip in a site, such as a read-only memory (read-only memory, ROM) or a memory that can store static information and instructions. Other types of static storage devices, random access memory (random access memory, RAM), etc. The processor mentioned in any of the above can be a general-purpose central processing unit, a microprocessor, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or one or more integrated circuits used to implement the above method for reducing contention conflicts .

The present application also provides another chip system, which includes a processor and a memory coupled to each other. The memory is used to store computer programs or instructions, and the processing unit is used to execute the computer programs or instructions stored in the memory, so that the SMF entity performs the steps performed by the SMF entity in the above embodiments.

In addition, it should be noted that the device embodiments described above are only schematic, and the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units. That is, it can be located in one place, or it can also be distributed to multiple network elements. Part or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. In addition, in the drawings of the device embodiments provided in the present application, the connection relationship between the modules indicates that they have communication connections, which can be specifically implemented as one or more communication buses or signal lines.

Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the present application can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware, and of course it can also be realized by special hardware including application-specific integrated circuits, dedicated CPUs, dedicated memories, Special components, etc. to achieve. In general, all functions completed by computer programs can be easily realized by corresponding hardware, and the specific hardware structure used to realize the same function can also be varied, such as analog circuits, digital circuits or special-purpose circuit etc. However, for this application, software program implementation is a better implementation mode in most cases. Based on this understanding, the essence of the technical solution of this application or the part that contributes to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a readable storage medium, such as a floppy disk of a computer , U disk, mobile hard disk, ROM, RAM, magnetic disk or optical disk, etc., including several instructions to make a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) execute the method of each embodiment of the present application.

In the above embodiments, all or part of them may be implemented by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product.

A computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on the computer, the processes or functions according to the embodiments of the present application will be generated in whole or in part. A computer can be a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, computer network, or other programmable device. Computer instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, e.g. Coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (digital subscriber line, DSL) or wireless (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) transmission to another website site, computer, server or data center. Computer readable storage medium can be Any available media that can be stored by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, etc. that includes one or more available media. Available media can be magnetic media, (such as floppy disks, hard disks, tapes), optical media (such as DVDs), Or a semiconductor medium (such as a solid state disk (solid state disk, SSD)) and the like.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: it can still record the foregoing embodiments Modifications are made to the technical solutions, or equivalent replacements are made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

A data transmission method, characterized in that, comprising:

The first user plane function UPF entity acquires a first round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the target application function AF entity;

The first UPF entity sends the first round-trip delay to a session management function SMF entity;

The first UPF entity receives the first notification sent by the SMF entity, and the first notification is sent by the SMF when the first round-trip delay is greater than the sum of the second round-trip delay and the third round-trip delay The second round-trip delay is the round-trip delay between the second UPF entity and the target AF entity, and the third round-trip delay is the round-trip delay between the second UPF entity and the first UPF entity. round-trip delay;

The first UPF entity receives target uplink data from the first terminal, and the destination address of the target uplink data is the IP address of the target AF entity;

The first UPF entity sends the target uplink data to the second UPF entity according to the first notification.
The method according to claim 1, wherein the acquisition by the first UPF entity of the first round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the target AF entity comprises:

The first UPF entity receives the uplink data sent by the first terminal;

The first UPF entity sends the uplink data to the target AF entity;

The first UPF entity receives an acknowledgment frame sent by the target AF entity, where the acknowledgment frame is generated by the target AF entity in response to the uplink data;

The first UPF entity determines a first round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the target AF entity according to the time when the uplink data is sent and the time when the confirmation frame is received.
The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the method further comprises:

The first UPF entity receives the first message sent by the SMF entity, and the first message includes the IP address of the second UPF entity;

The first UPF entity sends an echo request to the second UPF entity according to the first message;

The first UPF entity receives the echo response sent by the second UPF entity;

The first UPF entity determines the first measurement delay between the first UPF entity and the second UPF entity according to the time when the echo request is sent and the time when the echo response is received;

The first UPF entity sends the first measured delay to the SMF entity.
A data transmission method, characterized in that, comprising:

The second user plane function UPF entity acquires a second round-trip delay between the second UPF entity and the target application function AF entity;

The second UPF entity sends the second round-trip delay to a session management function SMF entity;

The second UPF entity receives a second message sent by the SMF entity, where the second message includes the IP address of the first UPF entity;

The second UPF entity acquires a second measurement delay between the second UPF entity and the first UPF entity according to the second message;

The second UPF entity sends the second measured delay to the SMF entity;

The second UPF entity receives the second notification sent by the SMF entity, and the second notification is that the first round-trip delay of the SMF is greater than the sum of the second round-trip delay and the third round-trip delay. The first round-trip delay is the round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the target AF entity, and the third round-trip delay is determined by the SMF entity according to the second measurement delay of;

The second UPF entity receives the target uplink data sent by the first UPF entity according to the second notification, the destination address of the target uplink data is the IP address of the target AF entity, and the source of the target uplink data The IP address is the first IP address of the first terminal;

The second UPF entity sends the target uplink data to the target AF entity according to the second notification.
The method according to claim 4, wherein the acquisition by the second UPF entity of the second round-trip delay between the second UPF entity and the target AF entity comprises:

The second UPF entity receives the uplink data sent by the second terminal;

The second UPF entity sends the uplink data to the target AF entity;

The second UPF entity receives an acknowledgment frame sent by the target AF entity, where the acknowledgment frame is generated by the target AF entity in response to the uplink data;

The second UPF entity determines a second round-trip delay between the second UPF entity and the target AF entity according to the time when the uplink data is sent and the time when the confirmation frame is received.
The method according to claim 4, wherein the second UPF entity acquiring the second measured delay between the second UPF entity and the first UPF entity according to the second message comprises:

The second UPF entity sends an echo request to the first UPF entity according to the second message;

The second UPF entity receives the echo response sent by the first UPF entity;

The second UPF entity determines the second measurement delay between the second UPF entity and the first UPF entity according to the time when the echo request is sent and the time when the echo response is received.
A method according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein

The second UPF entity sending the target uplink data to the target AF entity includes: the second UPF entity performing network address port translation on the first IP address and the first port number in the target uplink data to obtain The second IP address and the second port number; the second UPF entity sends the target uplink data after the network address port conversion to the target AF entity, and the target uplink data after the network address port conversion includes the second an IP address and said second port number;

The method also includes:

The second UPF entity receives the target downlink data sent by the target AF entity, the destination address of the target downlink data is the second IP address, and the destination port number of the target downlink data is the second port number ;

The second UPF entity performs network address port translation on the destination IP address and destination port number in the target downlink data;

The second UPF entity sends the target downlink data after network address port translation to the first UPF entity, where the target downlink data after network address port translation includes the first IP address and the first port number .
A data transmission method, characterized in that, comprising:

The session management function SMF entity receives the first round-trip delay sent by the first user plane function UPF entity, and the first round-trip delay is the round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the target application function AF entity;

The SMF entity receives a second round-trip delay sent by the second UPF entity, where the second round-trip delay is a round-trip delay between the second UPF entity and the target AF entity;

The SMF entity sends a second message to the second UPF entity;

The SMF entity receives the second measurement delay sent by the second UPF entity, and the second measurement delay is obtained by the second UPF entity according to the second message;

The SMF entity determines a third round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the second UPF entity according to the second measured delay;

When the first round-trip delay is greater than the sum of the second round-trip delay and the third round-trip delay, the SMF entity sends a first notification to the first UPF entity, and the first notification uses Instructing the first UPF entity to send target uplink data from the first terminal to the second UPF entity, where the destination IP address of the target uplink data is the IP address of the target AF entity;

The SMF entity sends a second notification to the second UPF entity, where the second notification is used to instruct the second UPF entity to receive the target uplink data sent by the first UPF entity and send the target AF The entity sends the target uplink data.
The method according to claim 8, characterized in that,

The method further includes: the SMF entity sending a first message to the first UPF entity, the first message including the IP address of the second UPF entity; the SMF entity receiving the first measurement sent by the first UPF entity delay, the first measured delay is obtained by the first UPF entity according to the first message;

The SMF entity determining the third round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the second UPF entity according to the second measured delay includes: the SMF entity according to the second measured delay and the The first measured delay determines a third round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the second UPF entity.
A data transmission method, characterized in that, comprising:

The session management function SMF entity receives a first message from the target application function AF entity, where the first message includes the identifier of the first terminal, the identifier of the second terminal, the identifier of the target AF entity, and the first end-to-end delay and a second end-to-end delay, the first end-to-end delay is the round-trip delay between the first terminal and the target AF entity, and the second end-to-end delay is the first end-to-end delay The round-trip delay between the two terminals and the target AF entity;

The SMF entity receives the first measurement delay sent by the first UPF entity, and the first measurement delay is a round-trip delay between the first terminal and the first UPF entity;

The SMF entity determines that the first round-trip delay is equal to the difference obtained by subtracting the first end-to-end delay from the first measurement delay;

The SMF entity receives the second measurement delay sent by the second UPF entity, and the second measurement delay is a round-trip delay between the second terminal and the second UPF entity;

The SMF entity determines that the second round-trip delay is equal to a difference obtained by subtracting the second end-to-end delay from the second measurement delay;

The SMF entity sends a second message to the second UPF entity;

The SMF entity receives the third measurement delay sent by the second UPF entity, and the third measurement delay is obtained by the second UPF entity according to the second message;

The SMF entity determines a third round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the second UPF entity according to the third measured delay;

When the first round-trip delay is greater than the sum of the second round-trip delay and the third round-trip delay, the SMF entity sends a first notification to the first UPF entity, and the first notification uses Instructing the first UPF entity to send target uplink data from the first terminal to the second UPF entity, where the destination IP address of the target uplink data is the IP address of the target AF entity;

The SMF entity sends a second notification to the second UPF entity, where the second notification is used to instruct the second UPF entity to receive the target uplink data sent by the first UPF entity and send the target AF The entity sends the target uplink data.
The method according to claim 10, characterized in that,

The method further includes: the SMF entity sends a third message to the first UPF entity; the SMF entity receives the fourth measurement delay sent by the first UPF entity, and the fourth measurement delay is the Acquired by the second UPF entity according to the third message;

The SMF entity determining the third round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the second UPF entity according to the third measured delay includes: the SMF entity according to the third measured delay and the The fourth measured delay determines a third round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the second UPF entity.
A data transmission method, characterized in that, comprising:

The first user plane function UPF entity obtains a first measurement delay between the first terminal and the first UPF entity;

The first UPF entity sends the first measured delay to the session management function SMF entity, and the first measured delay is used to determine a first round trip between the first UPF entity and the target application function AF entity delay;

The first UPF entity receives the first notification sent by the SMF entity, and the first notification is the case where the first round-trip delay of the SMF is greater than the sum of the second round-trip delay and the third round-trip delay. The second round-trip delay is the round-trip delay between the second UPF entity and the target AF entity, and the third round-trip delay is the round-trip delay between the second UPF entity and the first UPF entity The round-trip delay between

The first UPF entity receives target uplink data from the first terminal, and the destination address of the target uplink data is the IP address of the target AF entity;

The first UPF entity sends the target uplink data to the second UPF entity according to the first notification.
The method according to claim 12, characterized in that the method further comprises:

The first UPF entity receives a third message sent by the SMF entity, the IP address of the second UPF entity in the third message;

The first UPF entity sends an echo request to the second UPF entity according to the third message;

The first UPF entity receives the echo response sent by the second UPF entity;

The first UPF entity determines a fourth measurement delay between the first UPF entity and the second UPF entity according to the time when the echo request is sent and the time when the echo response is received;

The first UPF entity sends the fourth measured delay to the SMF entity.
A data transmission method, characterized in that, comprising:

The second user plane function UPF entity acquires a second measurement delay between the second terminal and the second UPF entity;

The second UPF entity sends the second measured delay to the session management function SMF entity, and the second measured delay is used to determine a second round-trip delay between the second UPF entity and the target AF entity ;

The second UPF entity receives a second message sent by the SMF entity, where the second message includes the IP address of the first UPF entity;

The second UPF entity acquires a third measurement delay between the second UPF entity and the first UPF entity according to the second message;

The second UPF entity sends the third measured delay to the SMF entity, and the third measured delay is used to determine a third round trip between the second UPF entity and the first UPF entity delay;

The second UPF entity receives the second notification sent by the SMF entity, and the second notification is sent by the SMF when the first round-trip delay is greater than the sum of the second round-trip delay and the third round-trip delay Yes, the first round-trip delay is the round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the target application function AF entity;

The second UPF entity receives the target uplink data sent by the first UPF entity according to the second notification;

The second UPF entity sends the target uplink data to the target AF entity according to the second notification.
The method according to claim 14, wherein the obtaining, by the second UPF entity, the third measurement delay between the second UPF entity and the first UPF entity according to the second message comprises:

The second UPF entity sends an echo request to the first UPF entity according to the second message;

The second UPF entity receives the echo response sent by the first UPF entity;

The second UPF entity determines a third measurement delay between the second UPF entity and the first UPF entity according to the time when the echo request is sent and the time when the echo response is received.
A user plane function UPF entity, characterized in that the UPF entity is used as the first UPF entity, and the UPF entity includes:

an acquiring unit, configured to acquire a first round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the target application function AF entity;

a sending unit, configured to send the first round-trip delay to a session management function SMF entity;

A receiving unit, configured to receive a first notification sent by the SMF entity, where the first notification is sent by the SMF when the first round-trip delay is greater than the sum of the second round-trip delay and the third round-trip delay , the second round-trip delay is the round-trip delay between the second UPF entity and the target AF entity, and the third round-trip delay is the round-trip delay between the second UPF entity and the first UPF entity round-trip delay;

The receiving unit is further configured to receive target uplink data from the first terminal, where the destination address of the target uplink data is the IP address of the target AF entity;

The sending unit is further configured to send the target uplink data to the second UPF entity according to the first notification.
The UPF entity according to claim 16, characterized in that,

The acquiring unit is specifically configured to receive the uplink data sent by the first terminal; send the uplink data to the target AF entity; receive an acknowledgment frame sent by the target AF entity, where the acknowledgment frame is the target Generated by the AF entity in response to the uplink data; determine a first round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the target AF entity according to the time when the uplink data is sent and the time when the acknowledgment frame is received.
The UPF entity according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that,

The receiving unit is further configured to receive a first message sent by the SMF entity, where the first message includes the IP address of the second UPF entity;

The sending unit is further configured to send an echo request to the second UPF entity according to the first message;

The receiving unit is further configured to receive the echo response sent by the second UPF entity;

Said UPF entities also include:

A determining unit, configured to determine a first measurement delay between the first UPF entity and the second UPF entity according to the time when the echo request is sent and the time when the echo response is received;

The sending unit is further configured to send the first measured delay to the SMF entity.
A user plane function UPF entity, characterized in that the UPF entity is used as a second UPF entity, and the UPF entity includes:

A first obtaining unit, configured to obtain a second round-trip delay between the second UPF entity and the target application function AF entity;

a sending unit, configured to send the second round-trip delay to a session management function SMF entity;

a second acquiring unit, configured to acquire a second measured delay between the second UPF entity and the first UPF entity according to the second message;

The sending unit is further configured to send the second measurement delay to the SMF entity;

A receiving unit, configured to receive a second notification sent by the SMF entity, where the second notification is that the first round-trip delay of the SMF is greater than the sum of the second round-trip delay and the third round-trip delay. sent, the first round-trip delay is the round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the target AF entity, and the third round-trip delay is determined by the SMF entity according to the second measurement delay ;

The receiving unit is further configured to receive the target uplink data sent by the first UPF entity according to the second notification, the destination address of the target uplink data is the IP address of the target AF entity, and the target uplink data The source IP address is the first IP address of the first terminal;

The sending unit is further configured to send the target uplink data to the target AF entity according to the second notification.
The UPF entity according to claim 19, characterized in that,

The first acquisition unit is specifically configured to receive the uplink data sent by the second terminal; send the uplink data to the target AF entity; receive an acknowledgment frame sent by the target AF entity, where the acknowledgment frame is the Generated by the target AF entity in response to the uplink data; determine a second round-trip delay between the second UPF entity and the target AF entity according to the time when the uplink data is sent and the time when the confirmation frame is received.
The UPF entity according to claim 19, characterized in that,

The second obtaining unit is specifically configured to send an echo request to the first UPF entity according to the second message; receive the echo response sent by the first UPF entity; time, determining a second measurement delay between the second UPF entity and the first UPF entity.
A UPF entity according to any one of claims 19 to 21, characterized in that,

The sending unit is specifically configured to perform network address port conversion on the first IP address and the first port number in the target uplink data to obtain a second IP address and a second port number; The target uplink data is sent to the target AF entity, and the target uplink data after the port conversion of the network address includes the second IP address and the second port number;

The receiving unit is further configured to receive the target downlink data sent by the target AF entity, the destination address of the target downlink data is the second IP address, and the destination port number of the target downlink data is the second IP address. The port number;

The sending unit is further configured to perform network address port conversion on the second IP address and the second port number in the target downlink data; and send the target downlink data after network address port conversion to the first UPF entity, The target downlink data after the network address port translation includes the first IP address and the first port number.
A session management function SMF entity is characterized in that, comprising:

The receiving unit is configured to receive the first round-trip delay sent by the first user plane function UPF entity, where the first round-trip delay is the round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the target application function AF entity;

The receiving unit is further configured to receive a second round-trip delay sent by the second UPF entity, where the second round-trip delay is a round-trip delay between the second UPF entity and the target AF entity;

a sending unit, configured to send a second message to the second UPF entity;

The receiving unit is further configured to receive a second measurement delay sent by the second UPF entity, where the second measurement delay is obtained by the second UPF entity according to the second message;

a processing unit, configured to determine a third round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the second UPF entity according to the second measured delay;

The sending unit is further configured to send a first notification to the first UPF entity when the first round-trip delay is greater than the sum of the second round-trip delay and the third round-trip delay, the The first notification is used to instruct the first UPF entity to send target uplink data from the first terminal to the second UPF entity, where the destination IP address of the target uplink data is the IP address of the target AF entity;

The sending unit is further configured to send a second notification to the second UPF entity, where the second notification is used to instruct the second UPF entity to receive the target uplink data sent by the first UPF entity and send The target AF entity sends the target uplink data.
The SMF entity according to claim 23, wherein,

The sending unit is further configured to send a first message to the first UPF entity, where the first message includes the IP address of the second UPF entity;

The receiving unit is further configured to receive a first measurement delay sent by a first UPF entity, where the first measurement delay is obtained by the first UPF entity according to the first message;

The processing unit is specifically configured to determine a third round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the second UPF entity according to the second measured delay and the first measured delay.
A session management function SMF entity is characterized in that, comprising:

A receiving unit, configured to receive a first message from a target application function AF entity, where the first message includes the identifier of the first terminal, the identifier of the second terminal, the identifier of the target AF entity, and the first end-to-end delay and a second end-to-end delay, the first end-to-end delay is the round-trip delay between the first terminal and the target AF entity, and the second end-to-end delay is the round-trip delay between the second terminal and the target AF entity The round-trip delay between the target AF entities;

The receiving unit is further configured to receive a first measurement delay sent by the first UPF entity, where the first measurement delay is a round-trip delay between the first terminal and the first UPF entity;

a processing unit, configured to determine that the first round-trip delay is equal to a difference obtained by subtracting the first end-to-end delay from the first measurement delay;

The receiving unit is further configured to receive a second measurement delay sent by the second UPF entity, where the second measurement delay is a round-trip delay between the second terminal and the second UPF entity;

The processing unit is further configured to determine that the second round-trip delay is equal to a difference obtained by subtracting the second measured delay from the second end-to-end delay;

a sending unit, configured to send a second message to the second UPF entity;

The processing unit is further configured to determine a third round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the second UPF entity according to the third measured delay;

The sending unit is further configured to send a first notification to the first UPF entity when the first round-trip delay is greater than the sum of the second round-trip delay and the third round-trip delay, the The first notification is used to instruct the first UPF entity to send target uplink data from the first terminal to the second UPF entity, where the destination IP address of the target uplink data is the IP address of the target AF entity;

The sending unit is further configured to send a second notification to the second UPF entity, where the second notification is used to receive the target uplink data sent by the first UPF entity and send the target uplink data to the target AF entity Uplink data of the above target.
The SMF entity according to claim 25, wherein,

The sending unit is further configured to send a third message to the first UPF entity;

The receiving unit is further configured to receive a fourth measurement delay sent by the first UPF entity, where the fourth measurement delay is obtained by the second UPF entity according to the third message;

The processing unit is specifically configured to determine a third round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the second UPF entity according to the third measured delay and the fourth measured delay.
A user plane function UPF entity, characterized in that the UPF entity is used as the first UPF entity, and the UPF entity includes:

an acquiring unit, configured to acquire a first measurement delay between the first terminal and the first UPF entity;

A sending unit, configured to send the first measured delay to a session management function SMF entity, where the first measured delay is used to determine a first round-trip delay;

A receiving unit, configured to receive a first notification sent by the SMF entity, where the first notification is that the first round-trip delay of the SMF is greater than the sum of the second round-trip delay and the third round-trip delay of the SMF sent, the second round-trip delay is the round-trip delay between the second UPF entity and the target application function AF entity, and the third round-trip delay is the round-trip delay between the second UPF entity and the first UPF entity The round-trip delay between

The receiving unit is further configured to receive target uplink data from the first terminal, where the destination address of the target uplink data is the IP address of the target AF entity;

The sending unit is further configured to send the target uplink data to a second UPF entity according to the first notification.
The UPF entity according to claim 27, characterized in that,

The receiving unit is also configured to receive a third message sent by the SMF entity, the IP address of the second UPF entity in the third message;

The sending unit is further configured to send an echo request to the second UPF entity according to the third message;

The receiving unit is further configured to receive the echo response sent by the second UPF entity;

Said UPF entities also include:

A processing unit, configured to determine a fourth measurement delay between the first UPF entity and the second UPF entity according to the time when the echo request is sent and the time when the echo response is received;

The sending unit is further configured to send the fourth measurement delay to the SMF entity.
A user plane function UPF entity, characterized in that the UPF entity is used as a second UPF entity, and the UPF entity includes:

a first obtaining unit, configured to obtain a second measurement delay between the second terminal and the second UPF entity;

a sending unit, configured to send the second measured delay to a session management function SMF entity, where the second measured delay is used to determine a second round-trip delay between the second UPF entity and a target AF entity;

a receiving unit, configured to receive a second message sent by the SMF entity, where the second message includes the IP address of the first UPF entity;

a second acquiring unit, configured to acquire a third measurement delay between the second UPF entity and the first UPF entity according to the second message;

The sending unit is further configured to send the third measurement delay to the SMF entity, where the third measurement delay is used to determine the second UPF entity between the second UPF entity and the first UPF entity. Three round-trip delays;

The receiving unit is further configured to receive a second notification sent by the SMF entity, the second notification is that the first round-trip delay of the SMF is greater than the sum of the second round-trip delay and the third round-trip delay of the SMF sent next, the first round-trip delay is the round-trip delay between the first UPF entity and the target application function AF entity;

The receiving unit is further configured to receive the target uplink data sent by the first UPF entity according to the second notification;

The sending unit is further configured to send the target uplink data to the target AF entity according to the second notification.
The UPF entity according to claim 29, characterized in that,

The first obtaining unit is specifically configured to send an echo request to the first UPF entity according to the second message; receive the echo response sent by the first UPF entity; time, determine a third measurement delay between the second UPF entity and the first UPF entity.
A computer storage medium, characterized in that a computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when it is run on a computer, it causes the computer to execute the data transmission method according to any one of claims 1 to 15.