WO2022237010A1 - 一种电站离心风机变频器故障状态工频切换方法 - Google Patents
一种电站离心风机变频器故障状态工频切换方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022237010A1 WO2022237010A1 PCT/CN2021/115634 CN2021115634W WO2022237010A1 WO 2022237010 A1 WO2022237010 A1 WO 2022237010A1 CN 2021115634 W CN2021115634 W CN 2021115634W WO 2022237010 A1 WO2022237010 A1 WO 2022237010A1
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- fan
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- angle
- baffle
- frequency
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04D27/002—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids by varying geometry within the pumps, e.g. by adjusting vanes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04D27/004—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids by varying driving speed
Definitions
- the invention belongs to the technical field of centrifugal fans, and in particular relates to a power frequency switching method in a fault state of a power station centrifugal fan inverter.
- centrifugal fans of various thermal power units in the country are widely used.
- Most of the centrifugal fans are operated by frequency conversion and speed regulation, and the frequency converter and the motor are connected in a one-to-one manner.
- the frequency converter fails, the frequency converter will be cut off from the circuit, and the motor will run at a constant speed at power frequency. If there is a problem with the angle switching, it will easily cause the negative pressure disturbance of the furnace, and even endanger the operation safety of the unit in severe cases.
- the present invention proposes a power frequency switching method in the fault state of the centrifugal fan frequency converter of the power station.
- the plate angle can be switched to realize the low disturbance of the wind and smoke system and the negative pressure of the furnace, and ensure the safe and stable operation of the unit.
- the present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize:
- a power frequency switching method in a fault state of a centrifugal fan inverter in a power station comprising:
- a further improvement of the present invention is to divide the operating load range of the centrifugal fan, specifically as follows:
- the fan operating load range is divided, and the specific division method is as follows:
- a further improvement of the present invention is that the value of the baffle angle ⁇ 0 is 72° ⁇ 0 ⁇ 90°.
- a further improvement of the present invention lies in that M ⁇ 6.
- the further improvement of the present invention is to determine the speed range corresponding to each load interval of the fan frequency conversion operation state, specifically as follows:
- the method for determining the speed range of the i-th load interval is as follows:
- the unit load is slowly increased from L min to L max , and the unit load is stable for more than 15 minutes at (M+1) load nodes.
- the load nodes include the minimum load L min , the highest load L max and the critical point of the adjacent load interval
- the running speed N i of the fan at the load node is stable and starts recording.
- the fan operating speed n is divided into intervals, and the fan operating speed n i in the i-th interval satisfies the following relationship:
- the speed range of the i-th load interval is determined, or the interval i to which it belongs is determined according to the operating speed n of the fan.
- the further improvement of the present invention is to determine the baffle angle range corresponding to each load interval of the power frequency operation state of the fan, specifically as follows:
- the fan keeps the rated speed n design of the motor unchanged, and the angle range of the power frequency baffle in the i-th load interval is determined as follows:
- the angle ⁇ of the power frequency baffle of the fan is divided into intervals, and the angle ⁇ i of the fan power frequency baffle in the i-th interval satisfies the following relationship:
- the angle range of the power frequency baffle in the i-th load interval is determined, and the interval i to which it belongs can also be determined according to the angle ⁇ of the power frequency baffle of the fan.
- the further improvement of the present invention lies in the method for switching the angle ⁇ of the centrifugal fan power frequency baffle in the fault state of the frequency converter, specifically as follows:
- the initial baffle angle of the fan variable frequency is ⁇ 0
- the stable running speed of the fan frequency converter is n 0 before the frequency converter fails.
- Step 1 The stable running speed of the fan inverter before failure is n 0 , according to the method in the second step, determine the load interval i 0 corresponding to the fan speed n 0 , i 0 ⁇ [1,M];
- Step 2 The load interval determined in step 1 is i 0 , and according to the method in step 3, determine the fan power frequency baffle angle ⁇ i0 range corresponding to the load interval i 0
- Step 3 After the inverter fails, the fan speed is switched from the speed n 0 to the motor rated speed n design , and the fan baffle angle is changed from the initial baffle angle ⁇ 0 of the frequency conversion to the power frequency baffle angle Simultaneously complete the switching of the closing angle.
- the stable combustion of the boiler furnace is guaranteed, and the fluctuation of the air and smoke system is within a reasonable range;
- Step 4 After the switching in step 3 is completed, the fan speed remains unchanged at the rated speed n design of the motor, and the fan baffle angle is determined by in interval Continue to close within the range, and switch with the unit of 1% baffle opening each time, until the negative pressure of the furnace is stable within the limited range, and after the wind and smoke system equipment runs stably, it will switch to PID control.
- a further improvement of the present invention is that in step 3, the angle switching time is delayed by no more than 5 seconds than the rotational speed switching time, and the total switching time is controlled within 20 seconds.
- the present invention provides a method for power frequency switching in the fault state of a centrifugal fan inverter in a power station. By dividing the operating load interval of the centrifugal fan, the speed range corresponding to each load interval in the variable frequency operating state of the fan is determined, and the power frequency operating state of the fan is determined. The baffle angle range corresponding to the load interval.
- the corresponding load interval i 0 can be quickly determined according to the stable operating speed n 0 of the centrifugal fan in the variable frequency state before the inverter fails, and i 0 ⁇ [1,M], and then the corresponding load interval i 0 can be determined according to the load interval i 0 Fan power frequency baffle angle ⁇ i0 range
- This method can realize the dynamic switching of low power frequency and low power frequency in the fault state of the centrifugal fan inverter, ensure the low disturbance of the wind and smoke system and the negative pressure of the furnace, and ensure the safe and stable operation of the unit.
- Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the principle of the patent of the present invention.
- Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the equipment of the patent of the present invention.
- M is the division number of fan operating load intervals
- L min is the minimum load of the unit
- L max is the maximum load of the unit
- ⁇ is the angle of fan frequency conversion baffle
- ⁇ 0 is the initial angle of fan frequency conversion baffle
- ⁇ is the angle of fan power frequency baffle
- ⁇ i is the angle of fan power frequency baffle in the i-th interval
- ⁇ (L min ) is the minimum load of the unit
- ⁇ (L max ) the fan power frequency baffle angle corresponding to the maximum load of the unit
- B i is the fan baffle angle at the i-th load node, and the above units are °;
- n design is the rated speed of the motor
- n min is the initial gear of the fan frequency conversion
- n max is the maximum operating speed of the fan when the initial baffle angle of the fan frequency conversion is ⁇ 0
- N i is the operating speed of the fan at the i-th load node, and the above units are r/min.
- the purpose of the present invention is to realize the wind-smoke system and furnace negative pressure by switching the baffle angle of the centrifugal fan 3 when the frequency converter 1 fails and the motor 2 is switched to power frequency operation. Low disturbance ensures safe and stable operation of the unit.
- the present invention provides a power frequency switching method for centrifugal fan inverters in a power station fault state, including: dividing the operating load interval of the centrifugal fan; determining the speed range corresponding to each load interval of the fan frequency conversion operation state; determining the power frequency of the fan The baffle angle range corresponding to each load interval in the operating state; after determining the above parameters, implement the centrifugal fan to operate in the variable frequency state and switch to the power frequency operation of the fan after the inverter fails.
- the specific implementation method is as follows:
- ⁇ 0 90° (that is, the full opening angle of the flapper door); in special cases, ⁇ 0 can be selected in combination with the actual operating conditions of the unit. In general, 72° ⁇ 0 ⁇ 90° (that is, more than 80% baffle door full opening angle).
- the main parameters of the boiler such as furnace oxygen, power generation load and main steam flow, and all equipment and flue of the air and smoke system are at normal levels and operate stably.
- the load of the unit is slowly increased from L min to L max , at (M+1) load nodes (including the minimum load L min , the highest load L max and critical points in adjacent load intervals).
- the unit load is stable for more than 15 minutes, and the fan speed N i at the load node is stable and then starts to record.
- the fan operating speed n is divided into intervals.
- the operating speed n i of the fan in the i-th interval satisfies the following relationship:
- the speed range of the i-th load interval can be determined, and the interval i to which it belongs can also be determined according to the operating speed n of the fan.
- the load of the unit is slowly increased from L min to L max , at (M+1) load nodes (including the minimum load L min , the highest load L max and critical points in adjacent load intervals
- the load of the unit is stable for more than 15 minutes, and the angle B i of the fan baffle at the load node is stable before recording.
- the angle ⁇ of the fan power frequency baffle is divided into intervals.
- the angle ⁇ i of the power frequency baffle of the fan in the i-th interval satisfies the following relationship:
- the angle range of the power frequency baffle in the i-th load interval can be determined, and the interval i to which it belongs can also be determined according to the angle ⁇ of the power frequency baffle of the fan.
- the angle ⁇ switching method of the centrifugal fan power frequency baffle in the fault state of the frequency converter When the centrifugal fan is running in the variable frequency state, the initial baffle angle of the fan variable frequency is ⁇ 0 , and the stable running speed of the fan frequency converter is n 0 before the frequency converter fails. After the frequency converter fails, the switching method of the power frequency operation of the fan is as follows:
- Step 1 The stable running speed of the fan inverter before failure is n 0 , according to the method in the second step, determine the load interval i 0 corresponding to the fan speed n 0 , i 0 ⁇ [1,M];
- Step 2 The load interval determined in step 1 is i 0 , and according to the method in step 3, determine the fan power frequency baffle angle ⁇ i0 range corresponding to the load interval i 0
- Step 3 After the inverter fails, the fan speed is switched from the speed n 0 to the motor rated speed n design , and the fan baffle angle is changed from the initial baffle angle ⁇ 0 of the frequency conversion to the power frequency baffle angle
- the closing angle switching is completed synchronously. During the switching process, it is necessary to ensure the stable combustion of the boiler furnace and ensure that the fluctuation of the wind and smoke system is within a reasonable range.
- the angle switching time is delayed by no more than 5 seconds than the speed switching time. within 20 seconds;
- Step 4 After the switching in step 3 is completed, the fan speed remains unchanged at the rated speed n design of the motor, and the fan baffle angle is determined by in interval Continue to close within the range, and switch with the unit of 1% baffle opening each time, until the negative pressure of the furnace is stable within the limited range, and after the wind and smoke system equipment runs stably, it will switch to PID control.
- the induced draft fan of a 350MW unit in China is a centrifugal fan
- the minimum load L min of the unit is 170MW
- the maximum load L max of the unit is 350MW
- the initial baffle angle of the fan frequency conversion ⁇ 0 90°
- the fan The number M of operating load interval divisions is 6.
- the load of the unit is slowly increased from 170MW to 350MW.
- the centrifugal fan operates stably in the frequency conversion state.
- the load of the unit is slowly increased from 170MW to 350MW.
- the centrifugal fan operates stably at power frequency.
- the initial baffle angle of the fan frequency conversion is ⁇ 0 to 90°
- the stable operating speed n 0 of the fan inverter before failure is 771r/min.
- determine the fan The sequence number i 0 of the load interval corresponding to the stable running speed n 0 before the inverter fails is 3; the sequence number i 0 of the load interval is 3.
- the power frequency switching in the fault state of the centrifugal fan inverter is completed.
- the switching process is dynamically realized, stable and efficient, which ensures the low disturbance of the air smoke system and the negative pressure of the furnace, and realizes the safe and stable operation of the unit.
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种电站离心风机变频器故障状态工频切换方法,包括:对离心风机运行负荷区间进行划分;确定风机变频运行状态每个负荷区间对应的转速范围;确定风机工频运行状态每个负荷区间对应的挡板角度范围;确定上述参数后,实施离心风机变频状态运行变频器发生故障后向风机工频运行切换。本发明通过对离心风机挡板角度进行切换,实现风烟系统和炉膛负压低扰动,保证机组安全稳定运行。
Description
本发明属于离心风机技术领域,具体涉及一种电站离心风机变频器故障状态工频切换方法。
目前全国各类火电机组离心风机的应用非常广泛,离心风机大多数采用变频调速方式运行,变频器和电动机采用一对一接线方式。但是,当变频器设备出现故障时,变频器会从回路中切除,电动机改为工频定速方式运行,离心风机挡板门开度需从变频器发生故障前的角度关小,一旦挡板角度切换出现问题,很容易造成炉膛负压扰动,严重时甚至会危及机组运行安全。
离心风机采用变频调速方式运行时,一旦变频器设备出现故障,风机会改为工频方式运行,此时,风机挡板角度切换不当很容易产生机组运行安全问题。因此,离心风机采用变频调速方式运行时,有必要提出在变频器故障状态下可靠的离心风机工频调节切换方法,以提高机组运行的安全性和稳定性。
发明内容
为解决现有技术存在的问题,本发明提出了一种电站离心风机变频器故障状态工频切换方法,其目的是在变频器出现故障,电动机切为工频方式运行时,通过对离心风机挡板角度进行切换,实现风烟系统和炉膛负压低扰动,保证机组安全稳定运行。
本发明采用如下技术方案来实现的:
一种电站离心风机变频器故障状态工频切换方法,包括:
对离心风机运行负荷区间进行划分;确定风机变频运行状态每个负荷区间对应的转速范围;确定风机工频运行状态每个负荷区间对应的挡板角度范围;确定上述参数后,实施离心风机变频状态运行变频器发生故障后向风机工频运行切换。
本发明进一步的改进在于,对离心风机运行负荷区间进行划分,具体如下:
按照风机变频运行状态参数包括风机变频挡板角度α和风机运行转速n,对风机运行负荷区间进行划分,具体划分方法为:
①离心风机变频状态运行时,选取风机变频初始挡板角度α
0;
②确定风机变频运行状态对应机组负荷区间,风机变频状态运行时,风机变频初始挡板角度为α
0时,风机满足机组全部负荷区间系统出力所需最低运行转速为n
min,对应机组最小负荷为L
min;所需最高运行转速为n
max,对应机组最大负荷为L
max,其中,n
max≤n
design,n
design为电机额定转速;
③对离心风机运行负荷区间进行划分,将风机变频运行状态对应机组负荷区间[L
min,L
max]平均划分为M个区间区间序号i∈[1,M],第i区间的机组负荷L
i满足如下关系:
本发明进一步的改进在于,挡板角度α
0的取值为72°≤α
0≤90°。
本发明进一步的改进在于,M≥6。
本发明进一步的改进在于,确定风机变频运行状态每个负荷区间对应的转速范围,具体如下:
离心风机变频状态运行时,风机变频初始挡板角度为α
0时,第i负荷区间转速范围确定方法如下:
①调整发电机组处于正常运行状态;
②机组负荷由L
min缓慢提升至L
max,在(M+1)个负荷结点处机组负荷稳定15分钟以上,负荷结点包括最低负荷L
min、最高负荷L
max及相邻负荷区间临界点
负荷结点处风机运行转速N
i稳定后开始记录,负荷结点处风机运行转速N
i,i=1,...,M+1与机组负荷满足如下关系:
③根据风机负荷结点处风机运行转速N
i对风机运行转速n进行区间划分,第i区间风机运行转速n
i满足如下关系:
根据上面关系,确定第i负荷区间转速范围,或者根据风机运行转速n确定所属的区间i。
本发明进一步的改进在于,确定风机工频运行状态每个负荷区间对应的挡板角度范围,具体如下:
离心风机工频状态运行时,风机保持电机额定转速n
design不变,第i负荷区间工频挡板角度范围确定方法如下:
①调整发电机组处于正常运行状态;
②机组负荷由L
min缓慢提升至L
max,在(M+1)个负荷结点处机组负荷稳定15分钟以上,负荷结点处风机挡板角度B
i稳定后开始记录,负荷结点处风机挡板 角度B
i,i=1,...,M+1与机组负荷满足如下关系:
③根据风机负荷结点处风机挡板角度B
i对风机工频挡板角度β进行区间划分,第i区间风机工频挡板角度β
i满足如下关系:
根据上面关系,确定第i负荷区间工频挡板角度范围,也可以根据风机工频挡板角度β确定所属的区间i。
本发明进一步的改进在于,变频器故障状态离心风机工频挡板角度β切换方法,具体如下:
离心风机变频状态运行时,风机变频初始挡板角度为α
0,风机变频器发生故障前稳定运行的转速为n
0,变频器发生故障后风机工频运行切换方法如下:
步骤1:风机变频器发生故障前稳定运行的转速为n
0,根据第2步的方法,确定风机转速n
0对应的负荷区间i
0,i
0∈[1,M];
步骤3:变频器发生故障后,风机转速由转速n
0向电机额定转速n
design升速切换,风机挡板角度由变频初始挡板角度α
0向工频挡板角度
同步完成关角度切换,切换过程中,保证锅炉炉膛的稳定燃烧,并保证风烟系统的波动在合理范围内;
步骤4:步骤3切换完成后,风机转速保持电机额定转速n
design不变,风机挡板角度由
在区间
范围内继续关小,每次切换以1%挡板开度为单位 进行切换,直到炉膛负压稳定在限定范围,并且风烟系统设备稳定运行后,转入PID控制。
本发明进一步的改进在于,步骤3中,角度切换时间较转速切换时间延迟最长不超过5秒,切换总时间控制在20秒内。
本发明至少具有如下有益的技术效果:
本发明提供的一种电站离心风机变频器故障状态工频切换方法,通过对离心风机运行负荷区间进行划分,确定风机变频运行状态每个负荷区间对应的转速范围,确定风机工频运行状态每个负荷区间对应的挡板角度范围。完成上述工作后,可以根据离心风机变频状态运行变频器发生故障前稳定运行转速n
0快速确定对应的负荷区间i
0,i
0∈[1,M],然后根据负荷区间i
0确定其对应的风机工频挡板角度β
i0范围
通过该方法可以实现离心风机变频器故障状态工频低动态切换,保证风烟系统和炉膛负压低扰动,保证机组安全稳定运行。
图1为本发明专利的原理示意图;
图2为本发明专利的设备示意图。
其中,图1中,M为风机运行负荷区间划分数目,i为风机运行负荷区间序号(i=1,…,M),i
0为风机变频器发生故障前稳定运行转速对应的负荷区间序号(i
0=1,…,M);
L
min为机组最小负荷,L
max为机组最大负荷,L
i为第i负荷区间的机组负荷(i=1,…,M),以上单位均为MW;
α为风机变频挡板角度,α
0为风机变频初始挡板角度,β为风机工频挡板角度,β
i为第i区间的风机工频挡板角度,β(L
min)为机组最小负荷对应的风机工频 挡板角度,β(L
max)机组最大负荷对应的风机工频挡板角度,B
i为第i负荷结点处风机挡板角度,以上单位均为°;
n为风机运行转速(i=1,…,M),n
i为第i负荷区间的风机运行转速(i=1,…,M),n
design为电机额定转速,n
min为风机变频初始挡板角度为α
0时风机最低运行转速,n
max为风机变频初始挡板角度为α
0时风机最高运行转速,N
i为第i负荷结点处风机运行转速,以上单位均为r/min。
图2中,1.变频器,2.电动机,3.离心风机。
下面将参照附图更详细地描述本公开的示例性实施例。虽然附图中显示了本公开的示例性实施例,然而应当理解,可以以各种形式实现本公开而不应被这里阐述的实施例所限制。相反,提供这些实施例是为了能够更透彻地理解本公开,并且能够将本公开的范围完整的传达给本领域的技术人员。需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本发明中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。
如图1和图2所示,本发明的目的是在变频器1出现故障,电动机2切为工频方式运行时,通过对离心风机3挡板角度进行切换,实现风烟系统和炉膛负压低扰动,保证机组安全稳定运行。为此,本发明提供的一种电站离心风机变频器故障状态工频切换方法,包括:对离心风机运行负荷区间进行划分;确定风机变频运行状态每个负荷区间对应的转速范围;确定风机工频运行状态每个负荷区间对应的挡板角度范围;确定上述参数后,实施离心风机变频状态运行变频器发生故障后向风机工频运行切换。具体实施方法如下:
1、对离心风机运行负荷区间进行划分。按照风机变频运行状态参数包括风 机变频挡板角度α和风机运行转速n,对风机运行负荷区间进行划分,具体划分方法为:
①离心风机变频状态运行时,选取风机变频初始挡板角度α
0。一般情况下,α
0=90°(即挡板门全开角度);特殊情况下,α
0可结合机组实际运行状况选取,一般情况下,72°≤α
0≤90°(即80%以上挡板门全开角度)。
②确定风机变频运行状态对应机组负荷区间。风机变频状态运行时,风机变频初始挡板角度为α
0时,风机满足机组全部负荷区间系统出力所需最低运行转速为n
min,对应机组最小负荷为L
min;所需最高运行转速为n
max,对应机组最大负荷为L
max。其中,n
max≤n
design(n
design为电机额定转速)。
③对离心风机运行负荷区间进行划分。将风机变频运行状态对应机组负荷区间[L
min,L
max]平均划分为M个区间(M≥6,一般取M=10),区间序号i∈[1,M],第i区间的机组负荷L
i满足如下关系:
2、确定风机变频运行状态每个负荷区间对应的转速范围。离心风机变频状态运行时,风机变频初始挡板角度为α
0时,第i负荷区间转速范围确定方法如下:
①调整发电机组处于正常运行状态。机组燃用日常煤种,炉膛氧量、发电负荷及主蒸汽流量等锅炉主要参数和风烟系统所有设备及烟道均处于正常水平且稳定运行。
②机组负荷由L
min缓慢提升至L
max,在(M+1)个负荷结点处(包括最低负荷L
min、最高负荷L
max及相邻负荷区间临界点
机组负荷稳定15分钟以上,负荷结点处风机运行转速N
i稳定后开始记录。负荷结点处风 机运行转速N
i,i=1,...,M+1与机组负荷满足如下关系:
③根据风机负荷结点处风机运行转速N
i对风机运行转速n进行区间划分。第i区间风机运行转速n
i满足如下关系:
根据上面关系,可以确定第i负荷区间转速范围,也可以根据风机运行转速n确定所属的区间i。
3、确定风机工频运行状态每个负荷区间对应的挡板角度范围。离心风机工频状态运行时,风机保持电机额定转速n
design不变,第i负荷区间工频挡板角度范围确定方法如下:
①调整发电机组处于正常运行状态,调整方法同上。
②机组负荷由L
min缓慢提升至L
max,在(M+1)个负荷结点处(包括最低负荷L
min、最高负荷L
max及相邻负荷区间临界点
机组负荷稳定15分钟以上,负荷结点处风机挡板角度B
i稳定后开始记录。负荷结点处风机挡板角度B
i,i=1,...,M+1与机组负荷满足如下关系:
③根据风机负荷结点处风机挡板角度B
i对风机工频挡板角度β进行区间划分。第i区间风机工频挡板角度β
i满足如下关系:
根据上面关系,可以确定第i负荷区间工频挡板角度范围,也可以根据风机工频挡板角度β确定所属的区间i。
4、变频器故障状态离心风机工频挡板角度β切换方法。离心风机变频状态运行时,风机变频初始挡板角度为α
0,风机变频器发生故障前稳定运行的转速为n
0,变频器发生故障后风机工频运行切换方法如下:
步骤1:风机变频器发生故障前稳定运行的转速为n
0,根据第2步的方法,确定风机转速n
0对应的负荷区间i
0,i
0∈[1,M];
步骤3:变频器发生故障后,风机转速由转速n
0向电机额定转速n
design升速切换,风机挡板角度由变频初始挡板角度α
0向工频挡板角度
同步完成关角度切换,切换过程中,必须保证锅炉炉膛的稳定燃烧,并保证风烟系统的波动在合理范围内,角度切换时间较转速切换时间延迟最长不超过5秒,切换总时间控制在20秒内;
步骤4:步骤3切换完成后,风机转速保持电机额定转速n
design不变,风机挡板角度由
在区间
范围内继续关小,每次切换以1%挡板开度为单位进行切换,直到炉膛负压稳定在限定范围,并且风烟系统设备稳定运行后,转入PID控制。
实施例
国内某350MW机组引风机为离心式风机,风机额定转速n
design=990r/min,机组最小负荷L
min为170MW,机组最大负荷L
max为350MW,风机变频初始挡板角 度α
0=90°,风机运行负荷区间划分数目M取6。依次按照下面的步骤进行离心风机变频器故障状态工频切换:
1、完成机组负荷L
i,(i=1,...,6)区间划分如下:
2、调整发电机组处于正常运行状态。机组燃用日常煤种,炉膛氧量、发电负荷及主蒸汽流量等锅炉主要参数和风烟系统所有设备及烟道均处于正常水平且稳定运行。
3、机组负荷由170MW缓慢提升至350MW,离心风机在变频状态稳定运行,风机变频初始挡板角度α
0=90°保持不变,在7个负荷结点处记录风机运行转速值N
i,(i=1,...,7),其中,第1个负荷结点处转速N
1=n(170MW)=n
min=601r/min,第7个负荷结点处转速N
7=n(350MW)=n
max=956r/min,其他结点处风机运行转速值N
i,(i=2,...,6)做好记录,根据上述结点处风机运行转速值N
i,(i=1,...,7)完成转速区间划分。
4、机组负荷由170MW缓慢提升至350MW,离心风机在工频状态稳定运行,风机保持电机额定转速n
design=990r/min不变,在7个负荷结点处记录风机挡板角度值B
i,(i=1,...,7),其中,第1个负荷结点处风机挡板角度B
1=B(170MW)=51°,第7个负荷结点处转速B
7=B(350MW)=85°,其他结点处风机运行转速值B
i,(i=2,...,6)做好记录,根据上述结点处风机挡板角度值B
i,(i=1,...,7)完成风机挡板角度区间划分。
5、当离心风机变频状态运行时,风机变频初始挡板角度为α
0为90°,风机变频器发生故障前稳定运行转速n
0为771r/min,根据第3步划分的转速区间,确定风机变频器发生故障前稳定运行转速n
0对应的负荷区间序号i
0为3;负荷区间 序号i
0为3,根据第4步划分的风机挡板角度区间,确定第3负荷区间风机工频挡板角度β
3区间范围(B
3,B
4],其中,B
3=62.5°,B
4=68°。
6、变频器发生故障后,风机转速由转速n
0=771r/min向电机额定转速n
design=990r/min升速切换,风机挡板角度由变频初始挡板角度α
0=90°向工频挡板角度B
4=68°同步完成关角度切换,切换过程中,必须保证锅炉炉膛的稳定燃烧,并保证风烟系统的波动在合理范围内,角度切换时间较转速切换时间延迟最长不超过5秒,切换总时间控制在20秒内;上面切换完成后,风机转速保持电机额定转速n
design=990r/min不变,风机挡板角度由B
4=68°在区间(62.5°,68°]范围内继续关小,每次切换以1%挡板开度为单位进行切换,直到炉膛负压稳定在限定范围,并且风烟系统设备稳定运行后,转入PID控制。
经过上面的步骤,就完成了离心风机变频器故障状态工频切换,切换过程动态实现,稳定高效,保证了风烟系统和炉膛负压低扰动,实现了机组安全稳定运行。
虽然,上文中已经用一般性说明及具体实施方案对本发明作了详尽的描述,但在本发明基础上,可以对之作一些修改或改进,这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此,在不偏离本发明精神的基础上所做的这些修改或改进,均属于本发明要求保护的范围。
Claims (8)
- 一种电站离心风机变频器故障状态工频切换方法,其特征在于,包括:对离心风机运行负荷区间进行划分;确定风机变频运行状态每个负荷区间对应的转速范围;确定风机工频运行状态每个负荷区间对应的挡板角度范围;确定上述参数后,实施离心风机变频状态运行变频器发生故障后向风机工频运行切换。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种电站离心风机变频器故障状态工频切换方法,其特征在于,对离心风机运行负荷区间进行划分,具体如下:按照风机变频运行状态参数包括风机变频挡板角度α和风机运行转速n,对风机运行负荷区间进行划分,具体划分方法为:①离心风机变频状态运行时,选取风机变频初始挡板角度α 0;②确定风机变频运行状态对应机组负荷区间,风机变频状态运行时,风机变频初始挡板角度为α 0时,风机满足机组全部负荷区间系统出力所需最低运行转速为n min,对应机组最小负荷为L min;所需最高运行转速为n max,对应机组最大负荷为L max,其中,n max≤n design,n design为电机额定转速;③对离心风机运行负荷区间进行划分,将风机变频运行状态对应机组负荷区间[L min,L max]平均划分为M个区间区间序号i∈[1,M],第i区间的机组负荷L i满足如下关系:
- 根据权利要求2所述的一种电站离心风机变频器故障状态工频切换方法,其特征在于,挡板角度α 0的取值为72°≤α 0≤90°。
- 根据权利要求2所述的一种电站离心风机变频器故障状态工频切换方法, 其特征在于,M≥6。
- 根据权利要求2所述的一种电站离心风机变频器故障状态工频切换方法,其特征在于,确定风机变频运行状态每个负荷区间对应的转速范围,具体如下:离心风机变频状态运行时,风机变频初始挡板角度为α 0时,第i负荷区间转速范围确定方法如下:①调整发电机组处于正常运行状态;②机组负荷由L min缓慢提升至L max,在(M+1)个负荷结点处机组负荷稳定15分钟以上,负荷结点包括最低负荷L min、最高负荷L max及相邻负荷区间临界点 负荷结点处风机运行转速N i稳定后开始记录,负荷结点处风机运行转速N i,i=1,...,M+1与机组负荷满足如下关系:③根据风机负荷结点处风机运行转速N i对风机运行转速n进行区间划分,第i区间风机运行转速n i满足如下关系:根据上面关系,确定第i负荷区间转速范围,或者根据风机运行转速n确定所属的区间i。
- 根据权利要求5所述的一种电站离心风机变频器故障状态工频切换方法,其特征在于,确定风机工频运行状态每个负荷区间对应的挡板角度范围,具体如下:离心风机工频状态运行时,风机保持电机额定转速n design不变,第i负荷区间 工频挡板角度范围确定方法如下:①调整发电机组处于正常运行状态;②机组负荷由L min缓慢提升至L max,在(M+1)个负荷结点处机组负荷稳定15分钟以上,负荷结点处风机挡板角度B i稳定后开始记录,负荷结点处风机挡板角度B i,i=1,...,M+1与机组负荷满足如下关系:③根据风机负荷结点处风机挡板角度B i对风机工频挡板角度β进行区间划分,第i区间风机工频挡板角度β i满足如下关系:根据上面关系,确定第i负荷区间工频挡板角度范围,也可以根据风机工频挡板角度β确定所属的区间i。
- 根据权利要求6所述的一种电站离心风机变频器故障状态工频切换方法,其特征在于,变频器故障状态离心风机工频挡板角度β切换方法,具体如下:离心风机变频状态运行时,风机变频初始挡板角度为α 0,风机变频器发生故障前稳定运行的转速为n 0,变频器发生故障后风机工频运行切换方法如下:步骤1:风机变频器发生故障前稳定运行的转速为n 0,根据第2步的方法,确定风机转速n 0对应的负荷区间i 0,i 0∈[1,M];步骤3:变频器发生故障后,风机转速由转速n 0向电机额定转速n design升速切换,风机挡板角度由变频初始挡板角度α 0向工频挡板角度 同步完成关角度切 换,切换过程中,保证锅炉炉膛的稳定燃烧,并保证风烟系统的波动在合理范围内;
- 根据权利要求7所述的一种电站离心风机变频器故障状态工频切换方法,其特征在于,步骤3中,角度切换时间较转速切换时间延迟最长不超过5秒,切换总时间控制在20秒内。
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| CN101951017A (zh) * | 2010-08-13 | 2011-01-19 | 蚌埠市禹源环保科技有限公司 | 防止电动机意外停机的工频自动切换装置 |
| CN202260450U (zh) * | 2011-09-30 | 2012-05-30 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 热电厂锅炉高压风机在线工变频运行切换装置 |
| CN203223404U (zh) * | 2013-04-30 | 2013-10-02 | 马鞍山当涂发电有限公司 | 一种超临界机组引风机变频控制系统 |
| CN112615571A (zh) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-04-06 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | 一种垃圾电厂引风机变频与工频切换控制方法 |
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- 2021-05-11 CN CN202110513350.8A patent/CN113027802A/zh active Pending
- 2021-08-31 WO PCT/CN2021/115634 patent/WO2022237010A1/zh not_active Ceased
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| CN113027802A (zh) * | 2021-05-11 | 2021-06-25 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | 一种电站离心风机变频器故障状态工频切换方法 |
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