WO2022236836A1 - 移动通信系统的能力描述方法、装置、设备及介质 - Google Patents
移动通信系统的能力描述方法、装置、设备及介质 Download PDFInfo
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- the present application relates to the field of mobile communication, in particular to a capability description method, device, device and medium applied to a mobile communication system.
- the 5G system uses user plane (User Plane, UP) functions and control plane (Control Plane, CP) functions to describe the capabilities of the mobile communication system.
- User Plane User Plane
- Control Plane CP
- UP function This dimension defines various functions from the physical layer to the core network.
- the purpose of the UP function is to realize the powerful performance of the mobile communication network. The performance of the mobile communication network will eventually be reflected in the data transmission rate, reliability, and delay. etc.
- the dimension of CP function defines the response methods under factors such as terminal mobility, terminal and network capabilities, and the main purpose is to maintain normal data transmission capabilities.
- Embodiments of the present application provide a capability description method, device, terminal, and medium applied to a mobile communication system, which can better describe a mobile communication system incorporating an artificial intelligence (AI) function.
- the technical scheme is as follows.
- a method for describing a capability of a mobile communication system comprising:
- the capability of the mobile communication system is described by using the intelligence dimension and the target dimension;
- the target dimension includes at least one of a performance dimension and a flexibility dimension.
- a method for optimizing an AI function comprising:
- AI cube Data interaction between the application server and the AI cube of the mobile communication system, so that the AI cube and/or the application server use the data obtained through the interaction to optimize the AI function enabling situation, and the AI cube includes mutually orthogonal AI planes , AI-powered user plane and AI-powered control plane;
- the AI plane is used to provide AI functions
- the AI-enabled user plane is used to provide user plane functions based on the AI functions
- the AI-enabled control plane is used to provide a control plane based on the AI functions Function.
- a device for describing capabilities of a mobile communication system includes:
- a description module configured to describe the capabilities of the mobile communication system by using the intelligence dimension and the target dimension
- the target dimension includes at least one of a performance dimension and a flexibility dimension.
- a device for optimizing an AI function comprising:
- the interaction module is used to perform data interaction with the AI cube of the mobile communication system, so that the AI cube and/or the application server can use the data obtained through the interaction to optimize the AI function enabling situation, and the AI cube includes mutually orthogonal AI plane, AI-powered user plane and AI-powered control plane;
- the AI plane is used to provide AI functions
- the AI-enabled user plane is used to provide user plane functions based on the AI functions
- the AI-enabled control plane is used to provide a control plane based on the AI functions Function.
- a network element device includes: a processor; a transceiver connected to the processor; a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor; wherein The processor is configured to load and execute the executable instructions to implement the capability description method of the mobile communication system as described in the above aspect.
- an application server includes: a processor; a transceiver connected to the processor; a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor; wherein, the The processor is configured to load and execute the executable instructions to realize the optimization method of the AI function as described in the above aspect.
- a computer-readable storage medium wherein executable instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and the executable instructions are loaded and executed by a processor to implement the above-mentioned aspects.
- a computer program product or computer program comprising computer instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium readable by a processor of a computer device from a computer
- the storage medium reads the computer instruction, and the processor executes the computer instruction, so that the computer device executes the method for describing the capability of the mobile communication system or the method for optimizing the AI function described in the above aspect.
- a chip is provided, the chip includes a programmable logic circuit or a program, and the chip is used to implement the method for describing the capability of a mobile communication system or the method for optimizing an AI function as described in the above aspect.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a mobile communication system provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application
- FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for describing capabilities of a mobile communication system provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application
- Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an AI cube provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method for describing capabilities of a mobile communication system provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application
- Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a user plane provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
- Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a control plane provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
- Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an AI cube provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 8 is a flow chart of an AI function optimization method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
- Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of an AI function optimization method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
- Fig. 10 is a structural block diagram of an apparatus for describing capabilities of a mobile communication system provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
- Fig. 11 is a structural block diagram of an AI function optimization device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
- Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
- Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a mobile communication system provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
- the system architecture 100 may include: User Equipment (User Equipment, UE), Radio Access Network (Radio Access Network, RAN), Core Network (Core Network, CN) and Data Network (Data Network, DN) )constitute.
- UE, RAN, and CN are the main components of the architecture. Logically, they can be divided into two parts: the user plane and the control plane.
- the control plane is responsible for the management of the mobile network, and the user plane is responsible for the transmission of service data.
- the UE It is the entrance for mobile users to interact with the network. It can provide basic computing capabilities and storage capabilities, display service windows to users, and accept user operation inputs. The UE will adopt the next-generation air interface technology to establish a signal connection and a data connection with the RAN, thereby transmitting control signals and service data to the mobile network.
- RAN Similar to the base station in the traditional network, it is deployed close to the UE, provides network access functions for authorized users in the coverage area of the cell, and can use transmission tunnels of different qualities to transmit user data according to user levels and service requirements. RAN can manage its own resources, use them reasonably, provide access services for UEs as needed, and forward control signals and user data between UEs and the core network.
- CN responsible for maintaining the subscription data of the mobile network, managing the network elements of the mobile network, and providing functions such as session management, mobility management, policy management, and security authentication for the UE.
- the UE When the UE is attached, it provides network access authentication for the UE; when the UE has a service request, it allocates network resources for the UE; when the UE moves, it updates the network resources for the UE; when the UE is idle, it provides a quick recovery mechanism for the UE; Release network resources for UE when UE is deattached; provide data routing function for UE when UE has business data, such as forwarding uplink data to DN; or receive UE downlink data from DN, forward it to RAN, and then send it to UE .
- the DN It is a data network that provides business services for users.
- the client is located in the UE, and the application server is located in the data network.
- the data network can be a private network, such as a local area network, or an external network not controlled by the operator, such as the Internet, or a proprietary network jointly deployed by the operator, such as for configuring the Internet Protocol (Internet Protocol, IP), Multimedia Network Subsystem (IP Multimedia Core Network Subsystem, IMS) service.
- IP Internet Protocol
- IMS IP Multimedia Core Network Subsystem
- Fig. 2 shows a flowchart of a method for describing capabilities of a mobile communication system provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
- the method may be performed by a mobile communication system or a computer device, and the method includes:
- Step 210 using the intelligence dimension and target dimension to describe the capabilities of the mobile communication system
- the target dimension includes at least one of a performance (Performance) dimension and a flexibility (Flexibility) dimension.
- Intelligence refers to the intelligence of the mobile communication system in terms of artificial intelligence.
- Performance refers to the performance of the mobile communication system when providing mobile communication services.
- Flexibility refers to the mobile communication system's ability to withstand various changes in the process of providing mobile communication services.
- the performance dimension may also be called the user plane dimension
- the flexibility dimension may also be called the control plane dimension
- This step includes but is not limited to at least one of the following three situations:
- AI AI-powered user functions
- AI powered CP AI-powered control functions
- AI empowerment is also called: AI optimization or AI drive.
- an AI cube may be introduced to describe the capabilities of a mobile communication system, and the AI cube includes a mutually orthogonal AI plane, an AI-enabled user plane, and an AI-enabled control plane.
- the AI plane is also called the AI function plane.
- Fig. 3 shows an AI cube 30, which includes: an AI plane, an AI-enabled user plane, and an AI-enabled control plane. in:
- the AI plane is used to provide AI functions, and the AI plane determines the intelligence level of the user plane and the control plane.
- an AI plane is used to describe the upper bound of the mobile communication system in an intelligent dimension. The stronger the capability of the AI plane, the higher the degree of intelligence that can empower the user plane or control plane.
- the AI-enabled user plane is used to provide user plane functions based on AI functions, and can also be called a user plane or an AI-optimized user plane.
- the AI-enabled control plane is used to provide control plane functions based on AI functions, and can also be called a control plane or an AI-optimized control plane.
- the plane defined or determined by the orthogonal intelligence dimension and performance dimension is the user plane empowered by AI.
- the plane defined or determined by the orthogonal intelligence dimension and flexibility dimension is the control plane empowered by AI.
- the AI plane empowers traditional CP and UP functions by providing general AI functions, forming an AI-enabled control plane and an AI-enabled user plane.
- the AI plane provides functions such as model storage, data collection, model training, model inference, and model distribution to realize AI services. These functions are used as resources to specifically train a suitable AI model for user plane enhancement, and deliver it to the user plane for use to form an AI-enabled user plane; and/or, to train a suitable AI model for control plane enhancement.
- the AI model is issued to the control plane for use to form an AI-enabled control plane.
- the AI cube enclosed by parallel planes is the capability range of the mobile communication system. That is, the space of the AI cube is the capability range of the mobile communication system, and different subnets obtained by on-demand networking in the mobile communication system can find corresponding positions in the space of the AI cube.
- the method provided in this embodiment describes the capabilities of the mobile communication system by introducing an intelligent dimension, and can combine AI functions, user plane functions, and control plane functions when AI functions are introduced into the mobile communication network. It can provide a clear quantitative and qualitative description method to conduct in-depth research on the mobile communication system that introduces AI.
- Fig. 4 shows a flowchart of a method for describing capabilities of a mobile communication system provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
- the method may be performed by a mobile communication system or a computer device, and the method includes:
- the three coordinate axes in Fig. 3 are intelligence dimension, performance dimension and flexibility dimension respectively.
- the intelligence dimension corresponds to the AI plane
- the performance dimension corresponds to the user plane
- the flexibility dimension corresponds to the control plane.
- the capability of the mobile communication system can be measured on one of the above three dimensions respectively.
- the above step 210 may optionally include at least one of the following three steps:
- Step 212 Using the AI plane to describe the AI function when performing AI empowerment for the mobile communication system;
- the AI plane is used to describe the relevant capabilities required by AI to empower the user plane and/or control plane.
- performing AI enabling on the user plane refers to performing AI optimization on original functions of the user plane based on AI technology
- performing AI enabling on the control plane refers to performing AI optimization on original functions of the control plane based on AI technology.
- the AI plane is also called the AI function plane.
- the capability of the AI plane determines the upper limit of the intelligence of the user plane and the control plane. The stronger the capability of the AI plane, the higher the intelligence of the CP/UP that can be empowered.
- the AI plane is used to provide AI functions.
- the AI function includes at least one of the following functions:
- the user plane network element refers to a network element that provides user plane functions, such as a user plane function (User Plane Function, UPF) network element.
- UPF User Plane Function
- the control plane network element refers to a network element that provides control plane functions, such as session management function (Session Management Function, SMF) and policy control function (Policy Control Function, PCF).
- SMF Session Management Function
- PCF Policy Control Function
- the aforementioned AI model is one or more AI models, and the AI model sent to the user plane network element may be the same as or different from the AI model sent to the control plane network element.
- At least one of the following two measurement methods can be used for the AI function empowerment of the user plane and/or control plane:
- the degree of substitution is used to indicate the degree to which the AI plane replaces functions at different levels in the mobile communication system.
- the level of intelligence dimension is strongly related to the scope of participation in intelligence.
- functional modules are all implemented by user plane network elements and/or control plane network elements.
- the AI function is used to replace the functional modules of different levels of functions in the traditional mobile communication system. The greater the replacement range, the higher the degree of intelligence.
- the range of substitutions from small to large includes but is not limited to: network parameters, functional modules on a single network element, functional modules on multiple network elements, functional modules on a single protocol layer, and functional modules on multiple protocol layers Functional modules and end-to-end implementation of the entire system level, etc.
- Standard measurement conditions include at least one condition among time, frequency, calculation amount, storage amount, and energy consumption.
- the value on the intelligent dimension is directly proportional to the operating efficiency of the AI plane when performing the AI operating behavior under standard measurement conditions.
- the maximum number of times the AI plane performs AI operations For example, within a unit of time, the maximum number of times the AI plane performs AI operations; another example, under the unit energy consumption, the maximum number of times the AI plane performs AI operations; another example, in the unit frequency and unit energy consumption Next, the maximum number of times the AI plane performs AI operations.
- Another example is the shortest time-consuming when the AI plane executes the AI operation behavior of the unit calculation amount, etc.
- the weighted sum of the degree of substitution and operating efficiency can be used to calculate the degree of intelligence of the mobile communication system (or mobile communication network):
- weight a+weight b 1.
- Step 214 Use the AI-enabled user plane to describe the AI function enabling situation of the user plane function in the mobile communication system.
- the AI-enabled user plane is used to describe the AI function enabling situation of the user plane function in the mobile communication system.
- the AI function empowerment status is also called the AI optimized capability status.
- the traditional user plane is enabled or optimized based on the AI function to obtain an AI-enabled user plane.
- the plane defined by the orthogonal intelligence dimension and performance dimension is the AI-powered user plane.
- the user plane function based on AI empowerment includes at least one of the following:
- Throughput optimization based on AI model includes but not limited to: channel estimation based on AI model, noise reduction based on AI model, AI receiver based on AI model, intelligent scheduling based on data characteristics, and priority scheduling based on data packet characteristics.
- the characteristics of the data packet include but are not limited to: periodicity of the data packet, packet size of the data packet, importance of the data packet, and the like.
- the data features and data packet features are extracted by the AI model.
- data packet scheduling based on data content, thereby reducing the transmission delay of data packets.
- resource reservation based on data characteristics ensures the priority of important data packets during transmission.
- Step 214 may adopt at least one of the following two measurement methods:
- the communication capability includes: at least one capability among communication rate, reliability, delay, jitter, and user density.
- Business computing power refers to the computing power that serves business.
- the mobile communication system that introduces the AI function
- the mobile communication system not only serves as a pipeline to transmit data, but also can provide computing power services to the business of the application layer. Therefore, the AI function empowerment of the user plane function in the mobile communication system can be evaluated through the communication capability and business computing power.
- the weighted sum of communication capability and business computing power can be used to calculate the AI function empowerment of the user plane function in the mobile communication system (or mobile communication network):
- weight c+weight d 1.
- Step 216 Using the AI-enabled control plane, describe the AI function enabling situation of the control plane function in the mobile communication system.
- the AI-enabled control plane is used to describe the AI function empowerment of the control plane function in the mobile communication system.
- the AI function empowerment status is also called the AI optimized capability status.
- the traditional control plane is enabled or optimized based on the AI function to obtain an AI-enabled control plane.
- the plane defined by the orthogonal intelligence dimension and flexibility dimension is the AI-powered user plane.
- the control plane functions based on AI empowerment include at least one of the following:
- QoS Quality of Service
- control plane can be drawn from a line on the two-dimensional plane to an AI-enabled control plane along the AI dimension, as shown in Figure 6.
- Step 216 may adopt the following measurement methods:
- the performance in the case of changing conditions includes: at least one of the bearing capacity when the moving speed of the terminal changes, the execution speed when the control strategy changes, the response speed when the network state changes, and the fineness when the control strategy changes.
- the AI plane and AI-enabled level of the mobile communication system are also determined.
- Control plane and AI-enabled user plane Since the three planes are orthogonal to each other and have their own value boundaries, the AI plane, the AI-enabled control plane, the AI-enabled user plane, and the other three planes determined according to the value boundaries based on the three planes
- the AI cube enclosed by parallel planes is the capability range of the mobile communication system.
- the AI plane, the AI-enabled control plane, and the AI-enabled user plane constitute the three orthogonal planes of the AI cube.
- each subnet is obtained by networking on demand within the capability range of the mobile communication system. As shown in Figure 7:
- Subnet 1 Factory production line (IIoT in a factory) network (high performance, high flexibility): There are very high requirements for reliability, delay, and speed to meet the precise production of the production line. At the same time, in order to meet the reliability, when the rate changes, it can immediately trigger redundant path transmission or immediately mobilize resources to ensure the transmission of key services. However, this service does not require the network to analyze and predict external conditions, nor does it need to predict human behavior, and only executes the business in the factory.
- Subnet 2 Smart home network (high intelligence and high flexibility): Smart home devices such as mobile phones, wristbands, TVs, and air conditioners of users are flexibly connected as one and can communicate with each other, but the requirements for communication performance are not high.
- the smart home network needs to predict according to human behavior to realize the change of network topology. For example, during a phone call, if a person moves from the office to the car, the AI model will predict the person's behavior and switch the call from the cellular network to the car's Bluetooth to ensure business experience.
- Subnet 3 Intelligent driving (Auto-driving) network (high performance, high intelligence): Intelligent driving has high requirements for network transmission delay and computing power, and due to the fast driving of the car, the network topology on demand The requirements for change are also high. In addition, the trajectory prediction of the car and the risk assessment under specific scene conditions also require high intelligence.
- the method provided in this embodiment describes the capabilities of the mobile communication system by using the AI cube formed by the AI plane, the AI-enabled user plane, and the AI-enabled control plane, and can introduce AI into the mobile communication network.
- AI functions a systematic, complete and visual description of the relationship between AI functions, user plane functions, and control plane functions can provide a clear quantitative and qualitative description method for mobile communications that introduce AI. system for in-depth research.
- Fig. 8 shows a flowchart of a method for optimizing an AI function provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
- the method can be performed by a mobile communication system and an application server, and the method includes:
- Step 820 The mobile communication system performs data interaction with the application server through the AI cube.
- the AI cube includes: AI plane, AI-enabled user plane and AI-enabled control plane.
- the mobile communication system performs data interaction between the AI cube and the application server, or between the application server and the AI cube, so that the AI cube and/or the application server use the data obtained through the interaction to optimize the AI function enabling situation.
- this step includes but is not limited to at least one of the following situations:
- Case 1 The mobile communication system provides the first cross-domain data to the application server through the AI plane, the application server receives the first cross-domain data sent by the AI plane, and the application server trains the AI model on the application server side based on the first cross-domain data;
- the domains in the mobile communication system include: UE, access network, core network, and data network (application server).
- Cross-domain data refers to data that resides in different domains. Due to the domain boundaries and privacy of each domain, application servers cannot directly obtain data in some domains.
- the AI plane of the mobile communication system provides the application server in the data network with the first cross-domain data, so that the application server can train the AI model on the application server side based on the first cross-domain data. Compared with only using data on the application server side, an AI model with better performance can be obtained.
- Case 2 The application server provides the second cross-domain data to the AI plane, and the mobile communication system receives the second cross-domain data sent by the application server through the AI plane; the AI plane trains the AI model on the AI plane side based on the second cross-domain data.
- the AI plane cannot directly obtain the data on the application server side.
- the AI plane can train the AI model on the AI plane side based on the second cross-domain data. Compared with only using the data on the AI plane side, an AI model with better performance can be obtained.
- At least one of the first cross-domain data and the second cross-domain data may be provided indirectly by using encryption methods such as federated learning and homomorphic encryption.
- Case 3 The application server provides the service content of the data packet to the AI-enabled user plane of the mobile communication system, and the mobile communication system obtains the service content of the data packet sent by the application server through the AI-enabled user plane; the AI-enabled user plane
- the target operation is performed based on service content, and the target operation includes: at least one of AI-based user plane function adjustment, AI-based resource scheduling, AI-based service routing, and AI-based resource scheduling.
- Business content includes but is not limited to: text, pictures, audio, video, games, instant messaging, calls, etc.
- the application server provides perception capabilities to the user plane, so that the user plane can perceive the service content of the data packets provided by the application server in real time, so as to realize intelligent resource scheduling and intelligent routing based on service content to ensure the best data transmission rate and time. delay and reliability. At the same time, it can also make full use of the AI-powered user plane and computing power on the application server to process business content.
- Case 4 The application server provides application information to the AI-enabled control plane, and the mobile communication system obtains the application information provided by the application server through the AI-enabled control plane; the AI-enabled control plane performs AI-based control plane functions based on the application information Adjustment.
- Application information includes, but is not limited to: application data characteristics, application traffic forecast, and the like.
- the control plane obtains the application information provided by the application server, and then the control plane performs AI-based control plane function adjustment based on the application information. For example, the control plane predicts the future behavior of the application server based on the application information, so as to perform flexibility dimension scheduling based on the prediction result.
- Scenario 5 The mobile communication system provides data collection results to the application server through the AI-enabled control plane, the application server obtains the data collection results provided by the AI-enabled control plane, and the application server adjusts the behavior of the application layer based on the data collection results.
- the data collection results include, but are not limited to: transmission delay, transmission bandwidth, terminal feedback, etc. of data packets conforming to the data characteristics of the application.
- the application server obtains the data collection results provided by the AI-powered control plane, and the application server adjusts the behavior of the application layer based on the data collection results. For example, adjust the codec rate of the video according to the transmission delay, adjust the switching between the video call mode and the voice call mode, etc.
- the method provided in this embodiment based on the three planes of the AI cube, realizes the capability openness with the third-party application server, and expounds the synergistic relationship between the three planes, which can be improved based on the optimized AI function performance of mobile communication networks.
- Fig. 10 shows a block diagram of an apparatus for describing capabilities of a mobile communication system provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application, and the apparatus includes:
- a description module 1020 configured to describe the capabilities of the mobile communication system by using the intelligence dimension and the target dimension;
- the target dimension includes at least one of a performance dimension and a flexibility dimension.
- the description module 1020 is configured to use an AI plane to describe an AI function when performing AI empowerment for the mobile communication system
- the target dimension includes a performance dimension
- the AI-enabled function of the control plane function in the mobile communication system is described using the AI-enabled control plane.
- the AI plane is a plane perpendicular to the intelligence dimension, and the AI-enabled user plane is defined by the orthogonal intelligence dimension and the performance dimension plane; the AI-enabled control plane is a plane defined by the orthogonal intelligence dimension and the flexibility dimension.
- the measurement index of the AI function empowerment situation includes at least one of the following:
- the degree of substitution of the AI plane where the degree of substitution is used to indicate the degree to which the AI plane replaces functions at different levels in the mobile communication system;
- the operating efficiency of the AI plane under standard measurement conditions include at least one condition of time, frequency, calculation amount, storage capacity, and energy consumption.
- the AI function includes at least one of the following functions:
- the description module 1020 is configured to use the communication capability of the AI-enabled user plane to describe the AI function enabling situation of the user plane function in the mobile communication system; And/or, using the computing power of the AI-enabled user plane, describe the AI function enabling situation of the user plane function in the mobile communication system.
- the user plane function includes at least one of the following:
- the description module 1020 is configured to describe the function of the control plane in the mobile communication system by using the performance of the control plane of the AI cube in the case of changing conditions AI function empowerment;
- the performance in the case of changing conditions includes: at least one of the bearing capacity when the moving speed of the terminal changes, the execution speed when the control strategy changes, the response speed when the network state changes, and the fineness when the control strategy changes .
- control plane function includes at least one of the following:
- the AI plane, the AI-enabled user plane, and the AI-enabled control plane constitute three orthogonal planes of an AI cube.
- the device also includes:
- the interaction module 1040 is configured to perform data interaction between the AI cube and the application server, so that the AI cube and/or the application server use the data obtained through the interaction to optimize the AI function enabling situation.
- the interaction module 1040 is configured to provide the application server with first cross-domain data through the AI plane, so that the application server can train the application server based on the first cross-domain data.
- the interaction module 1040 is configured to obtain the service content of the data packet sent by the application server through the AI-enabled user plane; the AI-enabled user plane is based on The service content performs a target operation, and the target operation includes: at least one of AI-based user plane function adjustment, AI-based resource scheduling, AI-based service routing, and AI-based resource scheduling.
- the interaction module 1040 is configured to obtain the application information provided by the application server through the AI-enabled control plane; perform AI-based control plane functions based on the application information adjustment; or, providing data collection results to the application server through the AI-enabled control plane, so that the application server can perform application layer behavior adjustment based on the data collection results.
- FIG. 11 shows a block diagram of an apparatus for optimizing an AI function provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application, and the apparatus includes:
- the interaction module 1120 is configured to perform data interaction with the AI cube of the mobile communication system, so that the AI cube and/or the application server can use the data obtained through the interaction to optimize the AI function enabling situation, and the AI cube includes mutual positive Interconnected AI plane, AI-enabled user plane, and AI-enabled control plane;
- the AI plane is used to provide AI functions
- the AI-enabled user plane is used to provide user plane functions based on the AI functions
- the AI-enabled control plane is used to provide a control plane based on the AI functions Function.
- the interaction module 1120 is configured to obtain the first cross-domain data provided by the AI plane through the application server; train the application server side based on the first cross-domain data or, sending the second cross-domain data to the AI plane, so that the AI plane trains the AI model on the side of the AI plane based on the second cross-domain data.
- the interaction module 1120 is configured to send the service content of the data packet to the AI-enabled user plane, so that the AI-enabled user plane can target based on the service content
- the target operation includes: at least one of AI-based user plane function adjustment, AI-based resource scheduling, AI-based service routing, and AI-based resource scheduling.
- the interaction module 1120 is configured to send application information to the AI-enabled control plane, so that the AI-enabled control plane performs AI-based control based on the application information Plane function adjustment; or, receiving the data collection result sent by the AI-enabled control plane; and performing application layer behavior adjustment based on the data collection result.
- FIG. 12 shows a schematic structural diagram of a communication device (terminal or network element device or application server) provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
- the communication device includes: a processor 101, a receiver 102, a transmitter 103, a memory 104 and bus 105.
- the processor 101 includes one or more processing cores, and the processor 101 executes various functional applications and information processing by running software programs and modules.
- the receiver 102 and the transmitter 103 can be implemented as a communication component, which can be a communication chip.
- the memory 104 is connected to the processor 101 through the bus 105 .
- the memory 104 may be used to store at least one instruction, and the processor 101 is used to execute the at least one instruction, so as to implement various steps in the foregoing method embodiments.
- the transmitter 103 is used to perform steps related to sending; the receiver 104 is used to perform steps related to reception; and the processor 101 is used to perform steps other than sending and receiving.
- the memory 104 can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or their combination.
- the volatile or non-volatile storage device includes but not limited to: magnetic disk or optical disk, electrically erasable and programmable Electrically-Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EPROM), Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Read-Only Memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), magnetic memory, flash memory, programmable read-only memory (Programmable Read-Only Memory, PROM).
- a computer-readable storage medium stores at least one instruction, at least one program, a code set or an instruction set, the at least one instruction, the At least one segment of program, the code set or instruction set is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the method for describing the capability of the mobile communication system or the method for optimizing the AI function provided by the above method embodiments.
- a computer program product or computer program comprising computer instructions, the computer instructions are stored in a computer-readable storage medium, the processor of the communication device can read from the computer The computer instruction is read by reading the storage medium, and the processor executes the computer instruction, so that the communication device executes the method for describing the capability of the mobile communication system or the method for optimizing the AI function described in the above aspect.
- the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
- the above-mentioned The storage medium mentioned may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and the like.
Landscapes
- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
Abstract
本申请公开了一种移动通信系统的能力描述方法、装置、设备及介质，涉及移动通信领域。所述方法包括：采用智能化维度和目标维度来描述所述移动通信系统的能力；其中，所述目标维度包括性能维度和灵活性维度中的至少一种。本申请通过引入智能化维度来描述移动通信系统的能力，能够在移动通信网络中引入AI功能的情况下，将AI功能、用户平面功能和控制平面功能三者之间的关系进行系统、完整和形象的描述，能够提供一种清晰的定量和定性的描述方法来对引入AI的移动通信系统进行深入研究。
Description
本申请涉及移动通信领域，特别涉及一种应用于移动通信系统的能力描述方法、装置、设备及介质。
5G系统采用用户平面(User Plane，UP)功能和控制平面(Control Plane，CP)功能来描述移动通信系统的能力。
UP功能这个维度定义了从物理层到核心网的各种功能，UP功能的目的是为了实现移动通信网络性能的强大，移动通信网络中的性能会最终体现在数据传输速率、可靠性、时延等方面。CP功能这个维度定义了终端的移动性、终端和网络能力等因素下的应对方式，主要的目的是为了维护正常的数据传输能力。
但是上述描述方法不适用于6G系统以及6G系统之后的演进系统的能力描述。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种应用于移动通信系统的能力描述方法、装置、终端及介质，可以对引入了人工智能(Artificial Intelligence，AI)功能的移动通信系统进行较好的描述。所述技术方案如下。
根据本申请的一个方面，提供了一种移动通信系统的能力描述方法，所述方法包括：
采用智能化维度和目标维度来描述所述移动通信系统的能力；
其中，所述目标维度包括性能维度和灵活性维度中的至少一种。
根据本申请的另一方面，提供了一种AI功能的优化方法，所述方法包括：
应用服务器与移动通信系统的AI立方体之间进行数据交互，以便所述AI立方体和/或所述应用服务器使用交互得到的数据优化AI功能赋能情况，所述AI立方体包括相互正交的AI平面、AI赋能的用户平面和AI赋能的控制平面；
其中，所述AI平面用于提供AI功能，所述AI赋能的用户平面用于基于所述AI功能提供用户平面功能，所述AI赋能的控制平面用于基于所述AI功能提供控制平面功能。
根据本申请的另一方面，提供了一种移动通信系统的能力描述装置，所述装置包括：
描述模块，用于采用智能化维度和目标维度来描述所述移动通信系统的能力；
其中，所述目标维度包括性能维度和灵活性维度中的至少一种。
根据本申请的另一方面，提供了一种AI功能的优化装置，所述装置包括：
交互模块，用于与移动通信系统的AI立方体之间进行数据交互，以便所述 AI立方体和/或所述应用服务器使用交互得到的数据优化AI功能赋能情况，所述AI立方体包括相互正交的AI平面、AI赋能的用户平面和AI赋能的控制平面；
其中，所述AI平面用于提供AI功能，所述AI赋能的用户平面用于基于所述AI功能提供用户平面功能，所述AI赋能的控制平面用于基于所述AI功能提供控制平面功能。
根据本申请的一个方面，提供了一种网元设备，所述网元设备包括：处理器；与所述处理器相连的收发器；用于存储所述处理器的可执行指令的存储器；其中，所述处理器被配置为加载并执行所述可执行指令以实现如上述方面所述的移动通信系统的能力描述方法。
根据本申请的一个方面，提供了一种应用服务器，所述应用服务器包括：处理器；与所述处理器相连的收发器；用于存储所述处理器的可执行指令的存储器；其中，所述处理器被配置为加载并执行所述可执行指令以实现如上述方面所述的AI功能的优化方法。
根据本申请的一个方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有可执行指令，所述可执行指令由处理器加载并执行以实现如上述方面所述的移动通信系统的能力描述方法或AI功能的优化方法。
根据本申请的一个方面，提供了一种计算机程序产品或计算机程序，该计算机程序产品或计算机程序包括计算机指令，该计算机指令存储在计算机可读存储介质中，计算机设备的处理器从计算机可读存储介质读取该计算机指令，处理器执行该计算机指令，使得该计算机设备执行上述方面所述的移动通信系统的能力描述方法或AI功能的优化方法。
根据本申请的一个方面，提供了一种芯片，所述芯片包括可编程逻辑电路或程序，所述芯片用于实现如上述方面所述的移动通信系统的能力描述方法或AI功能的优化方法。
本申请实施例提供的技术方案至少包括如下有益效果：
通过引入智能化维度来描述移动通信系统的能力，能够在移动通信网络中引入AI功能的情况下，将AI功能、用户平面功能和控制平面功能三者之间的关系进行系统、完整和形象的描述，能够提供一种清晰的定量和定性的描述方法来对引入AI的移动通信系统进行深入研究。
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本申请一个示例性实施例提供的移动通信系统的示意图；
图2是本申请一个示例性实施例提供的移动通信系统的能力描述方法的流程图；
图3是本申请一个示例性实施例提供的AI立方体的示意图；
图4是本申请一个示例性实施例提供的移动通信系统的能力描述方法的流程图；
图5是本申请一个示例性实施例提供的用户平面的示意图；
图6是本申请一个示例性实施例提供的控制平面的示意图；
图7是本申请一个示例性实施例提供的AI立方体的示意图；
图8是本申请一个示例性实施例提供的AI功能的优化方法的流程图；
图9是本申请一个示例性实施例提供的AI功能的优化方法的示意图；
图10是本申请一个示例性实施例提供的移动通信系统的能力描述装置的结构框图；
图11是本申请一个示例性实施例提供的AI功能的优化装置的结构框图；
图12是本申请一个示例性实施例提供的通信设备的结构示意图。
为使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本申请实施方式作进一步地详细描述。
图1示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的移动通信系统的架构示意图。如图1所示，该系统架构100可以包括：用户设备(User Equipment，UE)、无线接入网(Radio Access Network，RAN)、核心网(Core Network，CN)和数据网络(Data Network，DN)构成。其中，UE、RAN、CN是构成架构的主要成分，逻辑上它们可以分为用户平面和控制平面两部分，控制平面负责移动网络的管理，用户平面负责业务数据的传输。
UE：是移动用户与网络交互的入口，能够提供基本的计算能力、存储能力，向用户显示业务窗口，接受用户操作输入。UE会采用下一代空口技术，与RAN建立信号连接、数据连接，从而传输控制信号和业务数据到移动网络。
RAN：类似于传统网络里面的基站，部署在靠近UE的位置，为小区覆盖范围的授权用户提供入网功能，并能够根据用户的级别，业务的需求等使用不同质量的传输隧道传输用户数据。RAN能够管理自身的资源，合理利用，按需为UE提供接入服务，把控制信号和用户数据在UE和核心网之间转发。
CN：负责维护移动网络的签约数据，管理移动网络的网元，为UE提供会话管理、移动性管理、策略管理、安全认证等功能。在UE附着的时候，为UE提供入网认证；在UE有业务请求时，为UE分配网络资源；在UE移动的时候，为UE更新网络资源；在UE空闲的时候，为UE提供快恢复机制；在UE去附着的时候，为UE释放网络资源；在UE有业务数据时，为UE提供数据路由功能，如转发上行数据到DN；或者从DN接收UE下行数据，转发到RAN，从而发送给UE。
DN：是为用户提供业务服务的数据网络，一般客户端位于UE，应用服务器位于数据网络。数据网络可以是私有网络，如局域网，也可以是不受运营商 管控的外部网络，如Internet，还可以是运营商共同部署的专有网络，如为了配置网际互联协议(Internet Protocol，IP)、多媒体网络子系统(IP Multimedia Core Network Subsystem，IMS)服务。
图2示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的移动通信系统的能力描述方法的流程图。该方法可以由移动通信系统或计算机设备来执行，所述方法包括：
步骤210：采用智能化(intelligence)维度和目标维度来描述移动通信系统的能力；
其中，目标维度包括性能(Performance)维度和灵活性(Flexibility)维度中的至少一种。智能化是指移动通信系统在人工智能方面的智力。性能是指移动通信系统在提供移动通信服务时的性能。灵活性是指移动通信系统在提供移动通信服务过程中面对各种变化时的承受能力。
其中，性能维度也可称为用户平面维度，灵活性维度也可称为控制平面维度。
本步骤包括但不限于如下三种情况中的至少一种：
·采用智能化维度和性能维度来描述移动通信系统的能力；
·采用智能化维度和灵活性维度来描述移动通信系统的能力；
·采用智能化维度、性能维度和灵活性维度来描述移动通信系统的能力。
随着AI的到来，移动通信系统中的用户功能将升级为AI赋能的用户功能(AI powered UP)，移动通信系统中的控制功能将升级为基于AI赋能的控制功能(AI powered CP)。其中，AI赋能也称：AI优化或AI驱动。
在示例性的实施例中，可以引入AI立方体来描述移动通信系统的能力，AI立方体包括互相正交的AI平面、AI赋能的用户平面和AI赋能的控制平面。AI平面又称AI功能平面。
图3示出了AI立方体30，该AI立方体30包括：AI平面、AI赋能的用户平面和AI赋能的控制平面。其中：
AI平面用于提供AI功能，AI平面决定了用户平面和控制平面的智能化程度。可选地，使用AI平面描述移动通信系统在智能化维度的上界。AI平面的能力越强，可以赋能用户平面或控制平面的智能化程度越高。
AI赋能的用户平面用于基于AI功能提供用户平面功能，也可称为用户平面或AI优化后的用户平面。
AI赋能的控制平面用于基于AI功能提供控制平面功能，也可称为控制平面或AI优化后的控制平面。
在智能化维度、性能维度和灵活性维度为相互正交的坐标轴的情况下，正交的智能化维度和性能维度所定义或所确定的平面，是AI赋能的用户平面。正交的智能化维度和灵活性维度所定义或所确定的平面，是AI赋能的控制平面。
AI平面通过提供通用的AI功能来赋能传统的CP和UP维度上的功能，形成AI赋能的控制平面，以及AI赋能的用户平面。
AI平面提供模型存储、数据收集、模型训练、模型推理以及模型下发等实 现AI服务的功能。这些功能作为资源，具体用来为用户平面增强训练出合适的AI模型，并下发给用户平面来使用以形成AI赋能的用户平面；和/或，用来为控制平面增强训练出合适的AI模型，并下发给控制平面来使用以形成AI赋能的控制平面。
由于三个平面之间互相正交且具有各自的取值边界，由AI平面、AI赋能的控制平面和AI赋能的用户平面，以及基于三个平面按照取值边界所确定的另外三个平行平面所围合形成的AI立方体就是移动通信系统的能力范围。也即，AI立方体的空间是移动通信系统的能力范围，移动通信系统中按需组网得到的不同子网均可以在AI立方体的空间中找到相应的位置。
综上所述，本实施例提供的方法，通过引入智能化维度来描述移动通信系统的能力，能够在移动通信网络中引入AI功能的情况下，将AI功能、用户平面功能和控制平面功能三者之间的关系进行系统、完整和形象的描述，能够提供一种清晰的定量和定性的描述方法来对引入AI的移动通信系统进行深入研究。
图4示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的移动通信系统的能力描述方法的流程图。该方法可以由移动通信系统或计算机设备来执行，所述方法包括：
示意性的，图3中的三个坐标轴分别为智能化维度、性能维度和灵活性维度。智能化维度与AI平面对应，性能维度与用户平面对应，灵活性维度与控制平面对应。采用上述三个平面，可以分别在上述三个维度中的一个维度上衡量移动通信系统的能力。示例性的，上述步骤210可选包括如下三个步骤中的至少一个：
步骤212：采用AI平面描述为移动通信系统进行AI赋能时的AI功能；
在智能化维度上，使用AI平面描述AI赋能用户平面和/或控制平面所需要的相关能力。可选地，对用户平面进行AI赋能是指基于AI技术对用户平面的原有功能进行AI优化，对控制平面进行AI赋能是指基于AI技术对控制平面的原有功能进行AI优化。
AI平面又称AI功能面。AI平面的能力决定了用户平面和控制平面的智能化程度的上限，AI平面能力越强，可以赋能CP/UP的智能化程度越高。AI平面用于提供AI功能。AI功能包括如下功能中的至少一种：
·AI模型的存储功能；
·AI模型的训练数据收集功能；
·AI模型的训练功能；
·AI模型的推理功能；
·向用户平面网元发送AI模型的功能；
用户平面网元是指提供用户平面功能的网元，比如用户平面功能(User Plane Function，UPF)网元。
·向控制平面网元发送AI模型的功能。
控制平面网元是指提供控制平面功能的网元，比如会话管理(Session Management Function，SMF)和策略控制功能(Policy Control Function，PCF)。
示例性的，上述AI模型是一个或多个AI模型，向用户平面网元发送的AI模型与向控制平面网元发送的AI模型可以相同，也可以不同。
使用AI功能对用户平面和/或控制平面进行AI赋能后，用户平面和/或控制平面的AI功能赋能情况，可以采用如下两种衡量方式中的至少一种：
第一，AI平面的替代程度，替代程度用于指示AI平面对移动通信系统中的不同层级功能进行替代时的程度。
一般来说，智能化维度的高低与参与智能化的范围强相关。在未引入AI功能的移动通信系统(也即传统移动通信系统)中，功能模块都是由用户平面网元和/或控制平面网元来实现的。在引入AI功能的移动通信系统中，使用AI功能来对传统移动通信系统中不同层级功能的功能模块进行替代，替代范围越大，则智能化程度越高。
示例性的，由小到大的替代范围包括但不限于：网络参数、单个网元上的功能模块、多个网元上的功能模块、单个协议层上的功能模块、多个协议层上的功能模块和整个系统级别的端到端实现等。
第二，AI平面在标准测量条件下的操作效率；
标准测量条件(或称单位测量条件)包括时间、频率、计算量、存储量、能耗中的至少一种条件。
示例性的，智能化维度上的取值与AI平面在标准测量条件下执行AI操作行为时的操作效率成正比。
比如，在单位时间内，AI平面在执行AI操作行为时的最大次数；又比如，在单位能耗下，AI平面在执行AI操作行为时的最大次数；再比如，在单位频率和单位能耗下，AI平面在执行AI操作行为时的最大次数。再比如，AI平面在执行单位计算量的AI操作行为时的最短耗时等等。
在同时采用替代程度和操作效率的情况下，可以使用替代程度和操作效率的加权和，计算得到移动通信系统(或称移动通信网络)的智能化程度：
智能化维度的能力＝a*替代程度+b*操作效率。
示例性的，权重a+权重b＝1。
步骤214：使用AI赋能的用户平面描述移动通信系统中的用户平面功能的AI功能赋能情况。
在目标维度包括性能维度的情况下，采用AI赋能的用户平面描述移动通信系统中的用户平面功能的AI功能赋能情况。AI功能赋能情况又称AI优化后的能力情况。
示例性的，基于AI功能将传统的用户平面进行赋能或优化，得到AI赋能的用户平面。在AI立方体中，正交的智能化维度和性能维度定义的平面是AI赋能的用户平面。基于AI赋能的用户平面功能包括如下至少之一：
·基于AI模型的吞吐量优化；
基于AI模型的吞吐量优化包括但不限于：基于AI模型的信道估计、基于AI模型的降噪、基于AI模型的AI接收机、基于数据特征的智能调度、基于数 据包特征的优先级调度。其中，数据包特征包括但不限于：数据包的周期性、数据包的包大小、数据包的重要性等。可选地，数据特征和数据包特征是AI模型提取到的。
·基于AI模型的时延优化；
比如，基于数据内容的数据包调度，从而减小数据包的传输时延。
·基于AI模型的可靠性优化。
比如，基于数据特征的资源预留，保证重要数据包在传输时的优先性。
在AI赋能的情况下，用户平面能够从二维平面上的一条线，沿AI维度拉成一个基于AI赋能的用户平面，如图5所示。步骤214可以采用如下两种衡量方式中的至少一种：
第一，采用AI赋能的用户平面的通信能力，描述移动通信系统中的用户平面功能的AI功能赋能情况；
通信能力包括：通信速率、可靠性、时延、抖动、用户密度中的至少一种能力。
第二，采用AI赋能的用户平面的业务算力，描述移动通信系统中的用户平面功能的AI功能赋能情况。
业务算力是指服务于业务的计算能力。在引入AI功能的移动通信系统中，移动通信系统不仅作为管道传输数据，还能够向应用层的业务提供算力服务。因此，可以通过通信能力和业务算力来评定移动通信系统中的用户平面功能的AI功能赋能情况。
在同时采用通信能力和业务算力的情况下，可以使用通信能力和业务算力的加权和，计算得到移动通信系统(或称移动通信网络)中的用户平面功能的AI功能赋能情况：
性能维度的能力＝c*通信能力+d*业务算力。
示例性的，权重c+权重d＝1。
步骤216：采用AI赋能的控制平面，描述移动通信系统中的控制平面功能的AI功能赋能情况。
在目标维度包括灵活性维度的情况下，采用AI赋能的控制平面，描述移动通信系统中的控制平面功能的AI功能赋能情况。AI功能赋能情况又称AI优化后的能力情况。
示例性的，基于AI功能将传统的控制平面进行赋能或优化，得到AI赋能的控制平面。在AI立方体中，正交的智能化维度和灵活性维度定义的平面是AI赋能的用户平面。基于AI赋能的控制平面功能包括如下至少之一：
基于AI模型的移动性(Mobility)增强；
基于AI模型的位置(Positioning)增强；
基于AI模型的服务质量(Quality of Service，QoS)控制；
基于AI模型的小区选择；
基于AI模型的小区重选；
基于AI模型的负载均衡。
在AI赋能的情况下，控制平面能够从二维平面上的一条线，沿AI维度拉成一个AI赋能的控制平面，如图6所示。步骤216可以采用如下衡量方式：
·采用AI立方体的控制平面在条件改变情况下的性能，描述移动通信系统在灵活性维度的能力；
其中，条件改变情况下的性能包括：终端的移动速度改变时的承受能力、控制策略改变时的执行速度、网络状态改变时的响应速度和控制策略改变时的精细度中的至少一种。上述四个方面用于综合评定移动通信系统在灵活性维度的能力。一般来说，灵活性越高，条件改变对于性能的影响越小。
结合图3可知，在确定移动通信系统在智能化维度、性能维度和灵活性维度的取值边界(或度量或数值或能力)后，也即确定了移动通信系统的AI平面、AI赋能的控制平面和AI赋能的用户平面。由于三个平面之间互相正交且具有各自的取值边界，由AI平面、AI赋能的控制平面和AI赋能的用户平面，以及基于三个平面按照取值边界所确定的另外三个平行平面所围合形成的AI立方体就是移动通信系统的能力范围。或者说，AI平面、AI赋能的控制平面和AI赋能的用户平面构成了AI立方体的三个正交平面。
通过对AI立方体三个维度的定性描述，可以用于不同场景下的子网通过该定性描述的AI-Cube找到其相应的位置。其中，每个子网都是在移动通信系统的能力范围内按需组网得到的。如图7所示：
子网1：厂区生产线(IIoT in a factory)网络(高性能度、高灵活度)：对于可靠性、时延、速率有非常高的要求，以满足生产线的精准生产。同时为了满足可靠性，在速率发生变化时能够立刻触发冗余路径传输或立刻调动资源来保证重点业务的传输。但是，该业务不需要网络对于外界条件的分析和预判，也不需要对人的行为预判，仅在工厂中执行业务。
子网2：智能家居(Smart home)网络(高智能度、高灵活度)：用户的手机、手环、电视、空调等智能家居设备灵活连为一体，互相可通信，但通信性能的要求不高。智能家居网络需要根据人的行为进行预判，实现网络拓扑的改变。比如电话通话中，人从办公室移动到了车内，由AI模型来预判人的行为并将通话从蜂窝网络切换至车载蓝牙，保证业务体验。
子网3：智能驾驶(Auto-driving)网络(高性能度、高智能度)：智能驾驶对网络的传输时延、计算能力等要求高，并且由于车的快速行驶，对于按需的网络拓扑改变要求也高，此外汽车的轨迹预判、具体场景条件下的风险评估等也需要高智能度。
综上所述，本实施例提供的方法，通过采用AI平面、AI赋能的用户平面和AI赋能的控制平面形成的AI立方体来描述移动通信系统的能力，能够在移动通信网络中引入AI功能的情况下，将AI功能、用户平面功能和控制平面功能三者之间的关系进行系统、完整和形象的描述，能够提供一种清晰的定量和定性的描述方法来对引入AI的移动通信系统进行深入研究。
图8示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的AI功能的优化方法的流程图。 该方法可以由移动通信系统和应用服务器来执行，所述方法包括：
步骤820：移动通信系统通过AI立方体与应用服务器之间进行数据交互。
AI立方体包括：AI平面、AI赋能的用户平面和AI赋能的控制平面。移动通信系统通过AI立方体与应用服务器之间进行数据交互，或者说，应用服务器与AI立方体之间进行数据交互，以便AI立方体和/或应用服务器使用交互得到的数据优化AI功能赋能情况。
结合参考图9，本步骤包括但不限于如下情况中的至少一种：
针对AI平面：
情况1：移动通信系统通过AI平面向应用服务器提供第一跨域数据，应用服务器接收AI平面发送的第一跨域数据，应用服务器基于第一跨域数据训练应用服务器侧的AI模型；
移动通信系统中的域包括：UE、接入网、核心网、数据网络(应用服务器)。跨域数据是指位于不同域中的数据。由于每个域的域边界和隐私性，应用服务器无法直接获取某些域中的数据。在本申请实施例中，由移动通信系统的AI平面向位于数据网络中的应用服务器提供第一跨域数据，使得应用服务器能够基于第一跨域数据训练应用服务器侧的AI模型。相比于仅使用应用服务器侧的数据，能够得到性能更优的AI模型。
情况2：应用服务器向AI平面提供第二跨域数据，移动通信系统通过AI平面接收应用服务器发送的第二跨域数据；AI平面基于第二跨域数据训练AI平面侧的AI模型。
同理，AI平面无法直接获取应用服务器侧的数据，在应用服务器向AI平面提供第二跨域数据后，AI平面能够基于第二跨域数据训练AI平面侧的AI模型。相比于仅使用AI平面侧的数据，能够得到性能更优的AI模型。
其中，第一跨域数据和第二跨域数据中的至少一种，可以采用联邦学习、同态加密等加密方式来进行间接提供。
针对AI赋能的用户平面：
情况3：应用服务器向移动通信系统的AI赋能的用户平面提供数据包的业务内容，移动通信系统通过AI赋能的用户平面获取应用服务器发送的数据包的业务内容；AI赋能的用户平面基于业务内容进行目标操作，目标操作包括：基于AI的用户平面功能调整、基于AI的资源调度、基于AI的业务路由和基于AI的资源调度中的至少一项。
业务内容包括但不限于：文字、图片、音频、视频、游戏、即时通讯、通话等。通过应用服务器向用户平面提供感知能力，使得用户平面能够实时感知应用服务器所提供的数据包的业务内容，从而实现基于业务内容的智能资源调度和智能路由，以保障最佳的数据传输速率、时延以及可靠性。同时，还可以充分利用AI赋能的用户平面和应用服务器上的算力，执行对于业务内容的处理。
针对AI赋能的控制平面：
情况4：应用服务器向AI赋能的控制平面提供应用信息，移动通信系统通过AI赋能的控制平面获取应用服务器提供的应用信息；AI赋能的控制平面基于 应用信息进行基于AI的控制平面功能调整。
应用信息包括但不限于：应用的数据特征、应用的业务量预测等等。控制平面获取应用服务器提供的应用信息，然后控制平面基于应用信息进行基于AI的控制平面功能调整。比如，控制平面基于应用信息对应用服务器的未来行为进行预判，从而基于预判结果执行灵活性维度的调度。
情况5：移动通信系统通过AI赋能的控制平面向应用服务器提供数据收集结果，应用服务器获取AI赋能的控制平面提供的数据收集结果，应用服务器基于数据收集结果进行应用层行为调整。
数据收集结果包括但不限于：符合应用的数据特征的数据包的传输时延、传输带宽、终端反馈等。应用服务器获取AI赋能的控制平面提供的数据收集结果，应用服务器基于数据收集结果进行应用层行为调整。比如，根据传输时延来调整视频的编解码码率，调整视频通话模式和语音通话模式之间的切换等。
综上所述，本实施例提供的方法，基于AI立方体的三个平面实现与第三方的应用服务器的能力开放，并阐述了三个平面之间的协同关系，能够基于优化后的AI功能提升移动通信网络的性能。
图10示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的一种移动通信系统的能力描述装置的框图，所述装置包括：
描述模块1020，用于采用智能化维度和目标维度来描述所述移动通信系统的能力；
其中，所述目标维度包括性能维度和灵活性维度中的至少一种。
在本实施例的一个可选设计中，所述描述模块1020，用于使用AI平面描述为所述移动通信系统进行AI赋能时的AI功能；
在所述目标维度包括性能维度的情况下，使用AI赋能的用户平面描述所述移动通信系统中的用户平面功能的AI功能赋能情况；
在所述目标维度包括灵活性维度的情况下，使用AI赋能的控制平面描述所述移动通信系统中的控制平面功能的AI功能赋能情况。
在本实施例的一个可选设计中，所述AI平面是垂直于所述智能化维度的平面，所述AI赋能的用户平面是正交的所述智能化维度和所述性能维度所定义的平面；所述AI赋能的控制平面是正交的所述智能化维度和所述灵活性维度所定义的平面。
在本实施例的一个可选设计中，所述AI功能赋能情况的衡量指标包括如下至少一种：
所述AI平面的替代程度，所述替代程度用于指示所述AI平面对所述移动通信系统中的不同层级功能进行替代时的程度；
和/或，
所述AI平面在标准测量条件下的操作效率；所述标准测量条件包括时间、频率、计算量、存储量、能耗中的至少一种条件。
在本实施例的一个可选设计中，所述AI功能包括如下功能中的至少一种：
AI模型的存储功能；
所述AI模型的数据收集功能；
所述AI模型的训练功能；
所述AI模型的推理功能；
向所述用户平面网元发送所述AI模型的功能；
向所述控制平面网元发送所述AI模型的功能。
在本实施例的一个可选设计中，所述描述模块1020，用于采用所述AI赋能的用户平面的通信能力，描述所述移动通信系统中的用户平面功能的AI功能赋能情况；和/或，采用所述AI赋能的用户平面的算力，描述所述移动通信系统中的用户平面功能的AI功能赋能情况。
在本实施例的一个可选设计中，所述用户平面功能包括如下至少之一：
基于AI模型的吞吐量优化；
基于所述AI模型的时延优化；
基于所述AI模型的可靠性优化。
在本实施例的一个可选设计中，所述描述模块1020，用于采用所述AI立方体的所述控制平面的在条件改变情况下的性能，描述所述移动通信系统中的控制平面功能的AI功能赋能情况；
其中，所述条件改变情况下的性能包括：终端的移动速度改变时的承受能力、控制策略改变时的执行速度、网络状态改变时的响应速度和控制策略改变时的精细度中的至少一种。
在本实施例的一个可选设计中，所述控制平面功能包括如下至少之一：
基于AI模型的移动性增强；
基于所述AI模型的位置增强；
基于所述AI模型的QoS控制；
基于所述AI模型的小区选择；
基于所述AI模型的小区重选；
基于所述AI模型的负载均衡。
在本实施例的一个可选设计中，所述AI平面、所述AI赋能的用户平面和所述AI赋能的控制平面构成AI立方体的三个正交平面。
在本实施例的一个可选设计中，所述装置还包括：
交互模块1040，用于通过所述AI立方体与应用服务器之间进行数据交互，以便所述AI立方体和/或所述应用服务器使用交互得到的数据优化AI功能赋能情况。
在本实施例的一个可选设计中，所述交互模块1040，用于通过所述AI平面向所述应用服务器提供第一跨域数据，以便所述应用服务器基于所述第一跨域数据训练所述应用服务器侧的AI模型；或，通过所述AI平面接收所述应用服务器发送的第二跨域数据；基于所述第二跨域数据训练所述AI平面侧的AI模型。
在本实施例的一个可选设计中，所述交互模块1040，用于通过所述AI赋能 的用户平面获取所述应用服务器发送的数据包的业务内容；所述AI赋能的用户平面基于所述业务内容进行目标操作，所述目标操作包括：基于AI的用户平面功能调整、基于AI的资源调度、基于AI的业务路由和基于AI的资源调度中的至少一项。
在本实施例的一个可选设计中，所述交互模块1040，用于通过所述AI赋能的控制平面获取所述应用服务器提供的应用信息；基于所述应用信息进行基于AI的控制平面功能调整；或，通过所述AI赋能的控制平面向所述应用服务器提供数据收集结果，以便所述应用服务器基于所述数据收集结果进行应用层行为调整。
图11示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的一种AI功能的优化装置的框图，所述装置包括：
交互模块1120，用于与移动通信系统的AI立方体之间进行数据交互，以便所述AI立方体和/或所述应用服务器使用交互得到的数据优化AI功能赋能情况，所述AI立方体包括相互正交的AI平面、AI赋能的用户平面和AI赋能的控制平面；
其中，所述AI平面用于提供AI功能，所述AI赋能的用户平面用于基于所述AI功能提供用户平面功能，所述AI赋能的控制平面用于基于所述AI功能提供控制平面功能。
在本申请实施例的一个可选设计中，交互模块1120，用于通过所述应用服务器获取所述AI平面提供的第一跨域数据；基于所述第一跨域数据训练所述应用服务器侧的AI模型；或，向所述AI平面发送第二跨域数据，以便所述AI平面基于所述第二跨域数据训练所述AI平面侧的AI模型。
在本申请实施例的一个可选设计中，交互模块1120，用于向所述AI赋能的用户平面发送数据包的业务内容，以便所述AI赋能的用户平面基于所述业务内容进行目标操作，所述目标操作包括：基于AI的用户平面功能调整、基于AI的资源调度、基于AI的业务路由和基于AI的资源调度中的至少一项。
在本申请实施例的一个可选设计中，交互模块1120，用于向所述AI赋能的控制平面发送应用信息，以便所述AI赋能的控制平面基于所述应用信息进行基于AI的控制平面功能调整；或，接收所述AI赋能的控制平面发送的数据收集结果；基于所述数据收集结果进行应用层行为调整。
图12示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的通信设备(终端或网元设备或应用服务器)的结构示意图，该通信设备包括：处理器101、接收器102、发射器103、存储器104和总线105。
处理器101包括一个或者一个以上处理核心，处理器101通过运行软件程序以及模块，从而执行各种功能应用以及信息处理。
接收器102和发射器103可以实现为一个通信组件，该通信组件可以是一块通信芯片。
存储器104通过总线105与处理器101相连。
存储器104可用于存储至少一个指令，处理器101用于执行该至少一个指令，以实现上述方法实施例中的各个步骤。其中，发射器103用于执行与发送有关的步骤；接收器104用于执行与接收有关的步骤；处理器101用于执行除发送和接收之外的步骤。
此外，存储器104可以由任何类型的易失性或非易失性存储设备或者它们的组合实现，易失性或非易失性存储设备包括但不限于：磁盘或光盘，电可擦除可编程只读存储器(Electrically-Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory，EEPROM)，可擦除可编程只读存储器(Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory，EPROM)，静态随时存取存储器(Static Random Access Memory，SRAM)，只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)，磁存储器，快闪存储器，可编程只读存储器(Programmable Read-Only Memory，PROM)。
在示例性实施例中，还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有至少一条指令、至少一段程序、代码集或指令集，所述至少一条指令、所述至少一段程序、所述代码集或指令集由处理器加载并执行以实现上述各个方法实施例提供的移动通信系统的能力描述方法或者AI功能的优化方法。
在示例性实施例中，还提供了一种计算机程序产品或计算机程序，该计算机程序产品或计算机程序包括计算机指令，该计算机指令存储在计算机可读存储介质中，通信设备的处理器从计算机可读存储介质读取该计算机指令，处理器执行该计算机指令，使得该通信设备执行上述方面所述的移动通信系统的能力描述方法或者AI功能的优化方法。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例的全部或部分步骤可以通过硬件来完成，也可以通过程序来指令相关的硬件完成，所述的程序可以存储于一种计算机可读存储介质中，上述提到的存储介质可以是只读存储器，磁盘或光盘等。
以上所述仅为本申请的可选实施例，并不用以限制本申请，凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。
Claims (30)
- 一种移动通信系统的能力描述方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：采用智能化维度和目标维度来描述所述移动通信系统的能力；其中，所述目标维度包括性能维度和灵活性维度中的至少一种。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述采用智能化维度和目标维度来描述所述移动通信系统的能力包括：使用AI平面描述为所述移动通信系统进行AI赋能时的AI功能；在所述目标维度包括性能维度的情况下，使用AI赋能的用户平面描述所述移动通信系统中的用户平面功能的AI功能赋能情况；在所述目标维度包括灵活性维度的情况下，使用AI赋能的控制平面描述所述移动通信系统中的控制平面功能的AI功能赋能情况。
- 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述AI平面是垂直于所述智能化维度的平面；所述AI赋能的用户平面是正交的所述智能化维度和所述性能维度所定义的平面；所述AI赋能的控制平面是正交的所述智能化维度和所述灵活性维度所定义的平面。
- 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述AI功能赋能情况的衡量指标包括如下至少一种：所述AI平面的替代程度，所述替代程度用于指示所述AI平面对所述移动通信系统中的不同层级功能进行替代时的程度；和/或，所述AI平面在标准测量条件下的操作效率；所述标准测量条件包括时间、频率、计算量、存储量、能耗中的至少一种条件。
- 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述AI功能包括如下功能中的至少一种：AI模型的存储功能；所述AI模型的数据收集功能；所述AI模型的训练功能；所述AI模型的推理功能；向所述用户平面网元发送所述AI模型的功能；向所述控制平面网元发送所述AI模型的功能。
- 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述使用AI赋能的用户平面 描述所述移动通信系统中的用户平面功能的AI功能赋能情况，包括：采用所述AI赋能的用户平面的通信能力，描述所述移动通信系统中的用户平面功能的AI功能赋能情况；和/或，采用所述AI赋能的用户平面的算力，描述所述移动通信系统中的用户平面功能的AI功能赋能情况。
- 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述用户平面功能包括如下至少之一：基于AI模型的吞吐量优化；基于所述AI模型的时延优化；基于所述AI模型的可靠性优化。
- 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述使用AI赋能的控制平面描述所述移动通信系统中的控制平面功能的AI功能赋能情况，包括：采用所述AI立方体的所述控制平面在条件改变情况下的性能，描述所述移动通信系统中的控制平面功能的AI功能赋能情况；其中，所述条件改变情况下的性能包括：终端的移动速度改变时的承受能力、控制策略改变时的执行速度、网络状态改变时的响应速度和控制策略改变时的精细度中的至少一种。
- 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述控制面功能包括如下至少之一：基于AI模型的移动性增强；基于所述AI模型的位置增强；基于所述AI模型的QoS控制；基于所述AI模型的小区选择；基于所述AI模型的小区重选；基于所述AI模型的负载均衡。
- 根据权利要求2至9任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述AI平面、所述AI赋能的用户平面和所述AI赋能的控制平面构成AI立方体的三个正交平面。
- 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，通过所述AI立方体与应用服务器之间进行数据交互，以便所述AI立方体和/或所述应用服务器使用交互得到的数据优化所述AI功能赋能情况。
- 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述通过所述AI立方体与应用服务器之间进行数据交互，包括：通过所述AI平面向所述应用服务器提供第一跨域数据，以便所述应用服务器基于所述第一跨域数据训练所述应用服务器侧的AI模型；或，通过所述AI平面接收所述应用服务器发送的第二跨域数据；基于所述第二跨域数据训练所述AI平面侧的AI模型。
- 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述通过所述AI立方体与应用服务器之间进行数据交互包括：通过所述AI赋能的用户平面获取所述应用服务器发送的数据包的业务内容；所述AI赋能的用户平面基于所述业务内容进行目标操作，所述目标操作包括：基于AI的用户平面功能调整、基于AI的资源调度、基于AI的业务路由和基于AI的资源调度中的至少一项。
- 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述通过所述AI立方体与应用服务器之间进行数据交互包括：通过所述AI赋能的控制平面获取所述应用服务器提供的应用信息；基于所述应用信息进行基于AI的控制平面功能调整；或，通过所述AI赋能的控制平面向所述应用服务器提供数据收集结果，以便所述应用服务器基于所述数据收集结果进行应用层行为调整。
- 一种移动通信系统的能力描述装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括：描述模块，用于采用智能化维度和目标维度来描述所述移动通信系统的能力；其中，所述目标维度包括性能维度和灵活性维度中的至少一种。
- 根据权利要求15所述的装置，其特征在于，所述描述模块，用于使用AI平面描述为所述移动通信系统进行AI赋能时的AI功能；在所述目标维度包括性能维度的情况下，使用AI赋能的用户平面描述所述移动通信系统中的用户平面功能的AI功能赋能情况；在所述目标维度包括灵活性维度的情况下，使用AI赋能的控制平面描述所述移动通信系统中的控制平面功能的AI功能赋能情况。
- 根据权利要求16所述的装置，其特征在于，所述AI平面是垂直于所述智能化维度的平面；所述AI赋能的用户平面是正交的所述智能化维度和所述性能维度所定义的平面；所述AI赋能的控制平面是正交的所述智能化维度和所述灵活性维度所定义 的平面。
- 根据权利要求16所述的装置，其特征在于，所述AI功能赋能情况的衡量指标包括如下至少一种：所述AI平面的替代程度，所述替代程度用于指示所述AI平面对所述移动通信系统中的不同层级功能进行替代时的程度；和/或，所述AI平面在标准测量条件下的操作效率；所述标准测量条件包括时间、频率、计算量、存储量、能耗中的至少一种条件。
- 根据权利要求16所述的装置，其特征在于，所述AI功能包括如下功能中的至少一种：AI模型的存储功能；所述AI模型的数据收集功能；所述AI模型的训练功能；所述AI模型的推理功能；向所述用户平面网元发送所述AI模型的功能；向所述控制平面网元发送所述AI模型的功能。
- 根据权利要求16所述的装置，其特征在于，所述描述模块，用于采用所述AI赋能的用户平面的通信能力，描述所述移动通信系统中的用户平面功能的AI功能赋能情况；和/或，采用所述AI赋能的用户平面的算力，描述所述移动通信系统中的用户平面功能的AI功能赋能情况。
- 根据权利要求19所述的装置，其特征在于，所述用户平面功能包括如下至少之一：基于AI模型的吞吐量优化；基于所述AI模型的时延优化；基于所述AI模型的可靠性优化。
- 根据权利要求16所述的装置，其特征在于，所述描述模块，用于采用所述AI立方体的所述控制平面在条件改变情况下的性能，描述所述移动通信系统中的控制平面功能的AI功能赋能情况；其中，所述条件改变情况下的性能包括：终端的移动速度改变时的承受能力、控制策略改变时的执行速度、网络状态改变时的响应速度和控制策略改变时的精细度中的至少一种。
- 根据权利要求22所述的装置，其特征在于，所述控制平面功能包括如下至少之一：基于AI模型的移动性增强；基于所述AI模型的位置增强；基于所述AI模型的QoS控制；基于所述AI模型的小区选择；基于所述AI模型的小区重选；基于所述AI模型的负载均衡。
- 根据权利要求16至23任一所述的装置，其特征在于，所述AI平面、所述AI赋能的用户平面和所述AI赋能的控制平面构成AI立方体的三个正交平面。
- 根据权利要求16至23任一所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：交互模块，用于通过所述AI立方体与应用服务器之间进行数据交互，以便所述AI立方体和/或所述应用服务器使用交互得到的数据优化所述AI功能赋能情况。
- 根据权利要求25所述的装置，其特征在于，所述交互模块，用于通过所述AI平面向所述应用服务器提供第一跨域数据，以便所述应用服务器基于所述第一跨域数据训练所述应用服务器侧的AI模型；或，通过所述AI平面接收所述应用服务器发送的第二跨域数据；基于所述第二跨域数据训练所述AI平面侧的AI模型。
- 根据权利要求25所述的装置，其特征在于，所述交互模块，用于通过所述AI赋能的用户平面获取所述应用服务器发送的数据包的业务内容；所述AI赋能的用户平面基于所述业务内容进行目标操作，所述目标操作包括：基于AI的用户平面功能调整、基于AI的资源调度、基于AI的业务路由和基于AI的资源调度中的至少一项。
- 根据权利要求25所述的装置，其特征在于，所述交互模块，用于通过所述AI赋能的控制平面获取所述应用服务器提供的应用信息；基于所述应用信息进行基于AI的控制平面功能调整；或，通过所述AI赋能的控制平面向所述应用服务器提供数据收集结果，以便所述应用服务器基于所述数据收集结果进行应用层行为调整。
- 一种网元设备，其特征在于，所述网元设备包括：处理器；与所述处理器相连的收发器；用于存储所述处理器的可执行指令的存储器；其中，所述处理器被配置为加载并执行所述可执行指令以实现如权利要求1至14中任一所述的方法。
- 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述可读存储介质中存储有可执行指令，所述可执行指令由处理器加载并执行以实现如权利要求1至14中任一所述的方法。
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