WO2022233259A1 - 存量垃圾封闭运输及异位好氧稳定的集装箱装备及其方法 - Google Patents

存量垃圾封闭运输及异位好氧稳定的集装箱装备及其方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022233259A1
WO2022233259A1 PCT/CN2022/089710 CN2022089710W WO2022233259A1 WO 2022233259 A1 WO2022233259 A1 WO 2022233259A1 CN 2022089710 W CN2022089710 W CN 2022089710W WO 2022233259 A1 WO2022233259 A1 WO 2022233259A1
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Prior art keywords
air
pipe
container
water
drainage
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2022/089710
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴军
陈轶凡
潘周志
吕宜廉
马海涛
朱俊伟
杨智力
李平海
薛王峰
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Nanjing Cross Environmental Technology Co Ltd
Nanjing University
Nanjing Tech University
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Nanjing Cross Environmental Technology Co Ltd
Nanjing University
Nanjing Tech University
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Application filed by Nanjing Cross Environmental Technology Co Ltd, Nanjing University, Nanjing Tech University filed Critical Nanjing Cross Environmental Technology Co Ltd
Priority to US18/558,030 priority Critical patent/US12312160B2/en
Publication of WO2022233259A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022233259A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/02—Wall construction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D88/00—Large containers
    • B65D88/74—Large containers having means for heating, cooling, aerating or other conditioning of contents
    • B65D88/744—Large containers having means for heating, cooling, aerating or other conditioning of contents heating or cooling through the walls or internal parts of the container, e.g. circulation of fluid inside the walls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D88/00—Large containers
    • B65D88/74—Large containers having means for heating, cooling, aerating or other conditioning of contents
    • B65D88/745—Large containers having means for heating, cooling, aerating or other conditioning of contents blowing or injecting heating, cooling or other conditioning fluid inside the container
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D88/00—Large containers
    • B65D88/74—Large containers having means for heating, cooling, aerating or other conditioning of contents
    • B65D88/747—Large containers having means for heating, cooling, aerating or other conditioning of contents dehumidifying, dewatering or draining
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/02—Wall construction
    • B65D90/04—Linings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of ectopic aerobic stabilization of stock garbage, in particular to a container equipment and a method for realizing closed transportation and ectopic aerobic stabilization of stock garbage.
  • Stock waste refers to domestic waste that is disposed of in landfills and stably treated in landfills for a long time.
  • the total amount of urban domestic waste removal and transportation in my country reached 228.0175 million tons, and the total amount of treatment reached 226.8475 million tons, of which the sanitary landfill reached 117.0602 million tons. It can be seen that landfill is still the main method of domestic waste disposal in my country.
  • the landfill methods of the existing waste dump are divided into in-situ treatment and ex-situ treatment.
  • the in-situ treatment technology is to inject and recharge through forced air and leachate nutrient deployment, so that the garbage dump is in a quasi-aerobic environment, and organic
  • the rate of waste degradation increases rapidly, but the stabilization takes a long time (1-3 years), which cannot meet the urgent needs of land replacement, and there are problems such as high investment and operating costs, and easy impact on the surrounding environment.
  • ex-situ aerobic stabilization technology is gradually emerging.
  • Ex-situ treatment is through the mining and screening of garbage, which has the advantages of rapid release of land space, material recovery and resource utilization, and can also avoid later maintenance and management costs caused by the continuous generation of leachate in the landfill.
  • the patent with publication number CN111570467A discloses a system and method for ectopic aerobic strengthening stabilization of stock domestic waste. Simultaneous realization of secondary pollution prevention and control.
  • this technology requires an additional fixed bed. Due to the limited stacking height of the fixed bed (generally not higher than 2m), the fixed bed requires a large area and is greatly affected by the terrain. In addition, the fixed bed also has a relatively long construction period. Problems such as long time, large investment amount, and difficulty in recycling after landfill treatment are completed. At the same time, the secondary pollution control of leachate and odorous gas during transportation from landfill to fixed bed also needs to be solved urgently.
  • Container equipment can be used to replace the traditional fixed bed for excavation due to its standardized and easy management, stacking to reduce floor space, flexible transportation and reusability.
  • the stabilization process of the stock waste excavation and mining materials requires forced ventilation in a fully enclosed environment and a constant suitable temperature, and the leachate will corrode the container body, it is necessary to install a special functional lining in the container.
  • the existing container lining is mainly based on thermal insulation, which cannot fully realize the above functions, and the structural strength and installation accuracy cannot meet the requirements.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to design A kind of container equipment for closed transportation and ectopic aerobic stability of stock waste instead of traditional fixed-bed structures, combined with "trinity" secondary pollution control for solid waste, leachate, malodorous gas and low-temperature evaporation moisture content control
  • the ectopic stabilization technology realizes the fully enclosed transportation of solid waste and the process of ectopic aerobic stabilization.
  • the container equipment for the closed transportation of the stock garbage and the ectopic aerobic stability including the container box and the functional lining arranged on the inner wall of the container box.
  • the evaporation system includes the air inlet main pipe, the air distribution perforated pipe, the bottom drainage and air distribution ditch, the top plate water distribution and air guide groove, the air suction perforated pipe, the fan, the air outlet pipe, and the quicklime dehydration and deodorization system; the air inlet main pipe is connected to the quicklime dewatering and deodorizing system.
  • the air distribution perforated pipe is connected to the air inlet main pipe and installed in the drainage and air distribution grooves of the bottom plate distributed at equal distances, so that air can be distributed from bottom to top;
  • the pipe is connected to the air inlet of the fan, the air outlet of the fan is connected to the air outlet, and the air outlet is connected to the quicklime dehydration and deodorization system; and side drainage ditch, general drainage ditch, and leachate drainage pipe;
  • the fiber capillary water distribution pipe is arranged in the top plate water distribution and air guide groove and connected to the leachate inlet pipe, and distributes water evenly to the filling from top to bottom; located in the function
  • the side drainage ditch and the general drainage ditch on the bottom plate of the lining are connected to the leachate drainage pipe, and the waste water is drained through the leachate drainage pipe.
  • the functional lining also includes a heat supply and heat preservation system, including a bottom plate water and heat main pipe, a bottom water heat coil, an outer peripheral water and heat layer, a bottom air insulation layer, and an outer peripheral air heat insulation layer; the outer peripheral water and heat layer includes the bottom plate.
  • a heat supply and heat preservation system including a bottom plate water and heat main pipe, a bottom water heat coil, an outer peripheral water and heat layer, a bottom air insulation layer, and an outer peripheral air heat insulation layer; the outer peripheral water and heat layer includes the bottom plate.
  • the bottom water heating coil and the above-mentioned outer peripheral water heating layer provide heat for the filling in the lining, and the circulating water is sent to the quicklime dehydration and deodorization system to use the system waste heat to heat up;
  • the outer peripheral air insulation layer includes the side air of the bottom plate. layer, the side air layer of the side panels on both sides, the top air layer of the top panel, the outer peripheral air insulation layer and the bottom air insulation layer jointly prevent the heat inside the lining from escaping.
  • the container equipment can be stacked up and down.
  • the functional lining comprises side panels, top panels, bottom panels and back panels spliced together; the bottom panel is molded from waste plastic, and the side panels, top panels and back panels are extruded.
  • the equipment further includes a positioning and fixing system.
  • the positioning and fixing system includes a side positioning square and a positioning and fixing device.
  • the positioning and fixing device is located between the inner wall of the top of the container box and the top plate of the functional lining and is connected with the force-bearing frame of the container box, and is used for positioning and fixing the functional lining.
  • the positioning and fixing device includes a winch lifting device, a steel beam and a fixing square.
  • the height of the steel beam is the distance from the top plate of the functional lining to the inner top of the container. a lower groove, the position of the lower groove corresponds to the groove on the top plate of the functional lining; the fixing square is arranged in the lower groove, and the top of the fixing square is connected to the inner part of the steel beam by a wire rope
  • the winch lifting device realizes the lifting and lowering of the fixed square between the lower groove and the groove on the top plate; the height of the fixed square should be greater than the depth of the groove on the top plate and less than the height of the steel beam.
  • the method of using container equipment for closed transportation of stock garbage and ectopic aerobic stabilization including:
  • the leachate inlet pipe and the leachate drain pipe are connected to the leachate treatment system to carry out the aerobic stabilization process of a single container equipment.
  • the temperature in the container can be controlled. Adjust the water distribution speed to maintain the appropriate moisture content of the excavated material and the whole process is fully closed; after the excavated material reaches the aerobic stabilization standard, the container equipment is transported to the designated area to be emptied, and then the container equipment can be transported to the landfill for filling and new opening. excavated quarry.
  • the dry hot air provided by the quicklime dehydration and deodorization system enters the air distribution perforated pipe through the air inlet main pipe, and evenly distributes air to the functional lining from bottom to top;
  • the moisture-containing circulating air formed by the moisture in the filling is drawn into the air suction perforated pipe through the diversion effect of the water distribution and air guide groove on the top plate, and enters the quicklime dehydration and deodorization system through the air outlet pipe to remove the odorous gas and water.
  • Steam to obtain dry hot air and then enter the container from the bottom air inlet main pipe to form circulating air to reduce the moisture content of the garbage.
  • the leachate water inlet pipe uniformly distributes water to the filling from top to bottom through the fiber capillary water distribution pipe;
  • the drainage function of the general drainage ditch is discharged by the leachate drainage pipe.
  • the temperature of the excavated material in the container equipment is between 25 and 50°C, and the moisture content is kept between 40 to 50% for aerobic stabilization; the standard for aerobic stabilization is the moisture content of the excavated material.
  • the 4-day respiratory intensity AT 4 is less than 5 mg O 2 /g DW, and the stabilization time is generally 3-7 days.
  • the equipment provides a suitable aerobic and stable environment through the circulating air low-temperature evaporation system and the heating and heat preservation system to achieve high-efficiency moisture content control. stabilization period;
  • the functional lining of the equipment can be manufactured by using waste plastics by molding or extrusion technology, so as to achieve waste treatment with waste, and reduce the manufacturing cost while ensuring the strength and demand of use;
  • the equipment can solve the problems of the traditional fixed bed due to the limited stacking height, which leads to a large floor area and lack of construction conditions in some places by stacking multiple containers. It is flexible and convenient to use, and can be recycled in different projects in different locations. At the same time, the project investment cost can be greatly reduced.
  • Fig. 1 is the front view of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is the left side view of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is the right side view of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram after assembling for the positioning and fixing device
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the winch lifting device of the positioning and fixing device.
  • 31-steel beam 32-fixed square, 33-lower groove, 34-steel wire rope, 35-groove on top plate, 36-lifting controller, 37-fixed pulley.
  • the container equipment for realizing the closed transportation of the stock garbage and the ectopic aerobic stability in this embodiment includes a container box 1 , a functional lining 2 , a positioning and fixing system, and a control and maintenance area 4 .
  • the functional lining 2 is composed of side panels 6, top panels 7, bottom panels 8, and back panels 9, including a circulating air low-temperature evaporation system, a water distribution and drainage system, and a heat supply and heat preservation system.
  • connection between the plurality of side panels 6 and the top panel 7 is realized through upright columns and beams.
  • the circulating air low-temperature evaporation system includes an air inlet main pipe 12, an air distribution perforated pipe 13, a bottom drainage and air distribution groove 14, a roof water distribution and air guide groove 15, an air suction perforated pipe 16, a fan 17, an air outlet pipe 18, and quicklime dehydration.
  • the deodorization system (invention patent "a granular quicklime fixed bed dehydration and deodorization system and its operation method", application number: 202011447631.X) is composed; the air inlet main pipe 12 is arranged in the center of the bottom plate along the length direction of the bottom plate, and the air distribution perforated pipe 13 It is connected to the air inlet main pipe 12, and is arranged in the equidistantly distributed bottom drainage and air distribution ditch 14.
  • the dry hot air provided by the quicklime dehydration and deodorization system enters the equidistantly distributed air distribution perforated pipe 13 through the air inlet main pipe 12.
  • Bottom-to-up functional lining distributes air evenly.
  • the air inlet of the fan 17 is connected to the air suction perforated pipe 16
  • the air outlet of the fan 17 is connected to the air outlet pipe 18 .
  • the air suction perforated pipe 16 is arranged on the lower side of the water distribution and air guide groove 15 on the top plate, and the opening of the air suction perforated pipe 16 corresponds to each water distribution and air guide groove 15.
  • the moisture-containing circulating air formed by the water in the filling is drawn into the air suction perforated pipe 16 through the diversion effect of the water distribution and air guide groove 15 on the top plate, and enters the quicklime dehydration and deodorization system through the air outlet pipe 18 to remove the odor.
  • the odorous gas and water vapor get dry hot air, and then enter the container from the bottom air inlet main pipe 12 to form circulating air, thereby reducing the moisture content of the filling.
  • the water distribution and drainage system includes leachate water inlet pipe 19, fiber capillary water distribution pipe 20 (invention patent "a fiber capillary water distribution pipe, water distribution system and water distribution method", application number: 2020103619748), roof water distribution and air guide groove 15, side drainage The ditch 22, the general drainage ditch 23, the leachate drainage pipe 24; the leachate water inlet pipe 19 is arranged under the top plate water distribution and air guide groove 15 and on the other side opposite to the air suction perforated pipe 16; the fiber capillary water distribution pipe 20 is arranged at the same It is connected to the leachate water inlet pipe 19 from the distributed top plate water distribution and air guide groove 15, and the water inlet of the leachate water inlet pipe 19 is evenly distributed to the filling from top to bottom through the fiber capillary water distribution technology.
  • the leachate drainage pipe 24 is connected to the main drainage ditch 23, and the waste water generated by the filling during the process of ectopic aerobic stabilization is discharged from the leachate drainage pipe 24 through the guiding action of the side drainage ditch 22 and the general drainage ditch 23.
  • a layer of grass mat is laid on the top of the load-carrying area of the bottom plate to prevent the filling material from falling into the drainage ditch 22 and the general drainage ditch 23 on the side of the floor.
  • the heat supply and heat preservation system includes a bottom water and heat main pipe 25 , a bottom water heat coil 26 , an outer peripheral water heat layer 27 , a bottom air heat insulation layer 28 and an outer peripheral air heat insulation layer 29 .
  • the outer peripheral hydrothermal layer 27 is formed by splicing the hydrothermal short pipes of the bottom plate 8, the side hydrothermal layers of the side plates 6 on both sides, and the top hydrothermal layer of the top plate 7; the hydrothermal main pipe 25 is connected to the quicklime dehydration deodorization through the circulating water pipeline system, the hot circulating water produced by it is sent to the bottom hydrothermal coil 26 and the outer peripheral hydrothermal layer 27 respectively to supply heat for the lining and the filling, and the circulating water is sent to the quicklime dehydration and deodorization system to utilize the waste heat of the system.
  • the outer peripheral air insulation layer 29 is formed by splicing the side air layer of the bottom plate 8, the side air layer of the side plates 6 on both sides, and the top air layer of the top plate 7. Together with the bottom air insulation layer 28, the heat inside the lining is prevented from being released to the environment. Escape, play a role in thermal insulation.
  • a right-angle stainless steel hollow corner code is placed at the joint of the hydrothermal layer of the side plate 6 and the top plate 7 to ensure the structural strength of the joint.
  • the positioning and fixing system includes a side positioning square 5 and a positioning and fixing device 3 .
  • the side positioning squares 5 are arranged inside the side walls on both sides of the container, the length is equal to the width of the side walls, two are arranged at equal distances on each side, and are connected with the force-bearing frame of the container, used for positioning the inner lining in the width direction inside the container position on the top of the container, and transmit the side pressure of the lining during transportation to the load-bearing frame of the container through the square, so as to prolong the service life of the lining; Connected, the top plate 7 used for positioning the inner lining at the height and depth of the container is fixed to prevent displacement caused by up and down slopes during transportation.
  • the positioning and fixing device 3 is located between the inner top of the container and the top plate 7 of the functional lining, and includes a winch lifting device, a steel beam 31 and a fixing square 32 , wherein the steel beam 31 and the The length of the container is the same length, the height of the steel beam 31 is the distance from the top of the functional lining to the top of the container, which realizes the positioning and fixing of the functional lining in the upper and lower directions.
  • the winch lifting device includes a wire rope 34, a lifting controller 36 and a fixed pulley 37, wherein the above-mentioned fixing square 32 is vertically arranged below the steel beam 31, specifically, the fixing square 32 is arranged in the lower groove 33, and the fixing square 32
  • the top of the steel beam 31 passes through the two fixed pulleys 37 in the steel beam 31 and is connected to the lift controller 36 (as shown in FIG. 5 ) through the wire rope 34, and the wire rope 34 is retracted through the lift controller 36 to realize the fixed square 32 is recessed in the steel beam.
  • the lift between the groove 33 and the groove 35 on the top plate of the lining is shown in FIG. 5 .
  • the height of the fixing square 32 should be greater than the depth of the groove 35 on the top plate of the lining and less than the height of the steel beam 31, so that the fixing square 32 can be completely retracted into the groove 33 under the steel beam before the lining is assembled, and the fixing square after assembling.
  • the width of the side positioning square 5 is 25-80mm, the height is 25-80mm, and the material can be selected from recycled plastics.
  • the control and maintenance area 4 is located in the interlayer area between the rear of the container and the functional lining back panel, and is provided with a steel platform for placing the fan 17 required by the circulating air low-temperature evaporation system.
  • the control and maintenance area 4 also includes part of the air intake manifold 12 Together with the leachate water inlet pipe 19, the air outlet pipe 18, and the leachate drain pipe 24, it is convenient for the connection and daily maintenance of the pipes when multiple sets of container equipment are used in combination.
  • double doors are installed at the head of the container, and a rubber sealing ring is provided at the connection between the inner side of the door and the inner lining, which plays a sealing role;
  • the backing plate 9 is a plate for realizing the sealing of the entire inner lining, without process pipes and other special functions. On the opposite side to the double door, it is attached to the bottom plate 8 , the side plate 6 and the top plate 7 .
  • the container After the container reaches the designated area, connect the air inlet main pipe 12, the air outlet pipe 18 and the water heat main pipe 25 to the quicklime dehydration and deodorization system, and the leachate water inlet pipe 19 and the leachate drainage pipe 24 are connected to the leachate treatment system.
  • the temperature in the container can be controlled by adjusting the circulating air and circulating water temperature of the quicklime dehydration and deodorization system, and the appropriate moisture content of the excavated material can be maintained by adjusting the water distribution speed.
  • the whole process is fully enclosed, which can effectively avoid secondary pollution such as leachate and odorous gas.
  • the temperature of the excavated material in the container is kept at 25-50°C, and the moisture content is kept between 40-50% to carry out the aerobic stabilization process;
  • the standard for aerobic stabilization is that the heap body (ie, the excavated material sample) contains water
  • the rate is lower than 40%
  • the respiratory intensity (AT 4 ) on 4 days is less than 5 mg O 2 /g DW
  • the stabilization time is generally 3-7 days.
  • the container equipment for closed transportation of stored garbage and for ectopic aerobic stability, and the size of the container equipment is 20 feet (generally refers to the length of the container).
  • the container equipment includes a container body 1 , a functional lining 2 , a positioning and fixing system, and a control and maintenance area 4 .
  • the functional lining is formed by splicing two side plates 6 and top plate 7 and a bottom plate 8 and back plate 9. The two side plates 6 and the top plate 7 are connected by columns 10 and beams 11.
  • the functional lining includes circulating air low temperature evaporation. system, water distribution and drainage system, heating and heat preservation system.
  • the circulating air low-temperature evaporation system is composed of the air inlet main pipe 12, the air distribution perforated pipe 13, the bottom drainage and air distribution groove 14, the top plate water distribution and air guide groove 15, the air suction perforated pipe 16, the fan 17, the air outlet pipe 18, and the quicklime dehydration and deodorization.
  • System invention patent "a granular quicklime fixed bed dehydration and deodorization system and its operation method", application number: 202011447631.X)
  • the air distribution perforated pipe 13 is connected to the air inlet main pipe 12, and is arranged at equal intervals of 30mm.
  • the dry hot air provided by the quicklime dehydration and deodorization system enters the air distribution perforated pipe 13 through the air inlet main pipe 12, and evenly distributes the air to the functional lining from bottom to top; the air inlet of the fan 17 is connected to the exhaust air The perforated pipe 16 and the air outlet of the fan 17 are connected to the air outlet pipe 18 .
  • the air suction perforated pipe 16 is arranged on the lower side of the water distribution and air guide groove 15 on the top plate, and the opening of the air suction perforated pipe 16 corresponds to each water distribution and air guide groove 15.
  • the moisture-containing circulating air formed by taking away the moisture in the filling is drawn into the air suction perforated pipe 16 through the diversion of the water distribution and air guide groove 15 on the top plate, and enters the quicklime dehydration and deodorization system through the air outlet pipe 18 to remove the odorous and odorous gases. With water vapor, dry hot air is obtained, and then enters from the bottom air inlet main pipe 12 to form circulating air, thereby reducing the moisture content of the filling.
  • the water distribution and drainage system consists of a leachate water inlet pipe 19, a fiber capillary water distribution pipe 20 (the invention patent "a fiber capillary water distribution pipe, a water distribution system and a water distribution method", application number: 2020103619748), a roof water distribution and air guide groove 15, and a side drain
  • the ditch 22, the general drainage ditch 23, and the leachate drainage pipe 24 are composed;
  • the leachate water inlet pipe 19 is arranged below the top plate water distribution and air guide groove 15 and on the other side opposite to the air suction perforated pipe 16;
  • the fiber capillary water distribution pipe 20 is arranged at The water distribution and air guide grooves 15 on the top plate with equidistant 30mm distribution are connected to the leachate water inlet pipe 19.
  • the water in the permeate water inlet pipe 19 is evenly distributed from top to bottom to the filling through the fiber water distribution technology.
  • the leachate drainage pipe 24 is connected to the general drainage ditch 23, and the waste water generated by the filling in the process of ectopic aerobic stabilization is passed through the drainage air distribution ditch (the side drainage ditch 22), and the guide of the general drainage ditch 23 is drained by the leachate drainage pipe. 24 discharge.
  • a layer of straw is laid on the top of the load-carrying area of the bottom plate to prevent the filling material from falling into the bottom drainage and air distribution ditch (side drainage ditch 22 ) and the general drainage ditch 23 .
  • the heat supply and heat preservation system includes a bottom water and heat main pipe 25 , a bottom water and heat coil 26 , a peripheral water and heat layer 27 , a bottom air heat insulation layer 28 , and an outer peripheral air heat insulation layer 29 .
  • the outer peripheral hydrothermal layer 27 is formed by splicing the hydrothermal short pipes of the bottom plate (located on both sides of the bottom plate 8 and in the connection area with the side plate 6), the side hydrothermal layer of the side plates 6 on both sides, and the top hydrothermal layer of the top plate 7;
  • the water and heat main pipe 25 is connected to the quicklime dehydration and deodorization system through the circulating water pipe 30, and the hot circulating water produced by it is respectively sent to the bottom water heat coil 26 and the above-mentioned outer peripheral water heat layer 27 to supply heat for the lining and filling, and
  • the circulating water is sent to the quicklime dehydration and deodorization system to use the waste heat of the system to heat up.
  • the outer peripheral air insulation layer 29 is formed by splicing the side air layer of the bottom plate, the side air layer of the side plates on both sides, and the top air layer of the top plate. play a role in thermal insulation.
  • a right-angle stainless steel hollow corner code is placed at the splicing of the water and heat channels of the side plate and the top plate to ensure the structural strength of the splicing.
  • the positioning and fixing system includes a side positioning square 5 and a positioning and fixing device 3 .
  • the side positioning squares 5 are arranged inside the side walls on both sides of the container, the width and height are 50mm, the length is 5898mm and the length of the side walls is equal to the length of the side walls.
  • the control and maintenance area 4 is located in the interlayer area between the rear of the container and the functional lining back panel, and is provided with a steel platform for placing the fan 17 required for the circulating air low-temperature evaporation system.
  • the control and maintenance area also includes part of the air intake manifold 12 and
  • the leachate water inlet pipe 19, the air outlet pipe 18, and the leachate drain pipe 24 are convenient for the connection of pipes and daily maintenance when multiple sets of container equipment are used in combination.
  • the head of the container uses double doors, and the inner side of the door is connected with the inner lining with a rubber sealing ring, which plays a sealing role; the tail of the container is provided with an inspection port to facilitate access to the control and inspection area4.
  • the temperature in the container can be controlled by adjusting the temperature of the circulating air and circulating water of the quicklime dehydration and deodorization system, and the suitable moisture content of the excavated material can be maintained by adjusting the water distribution, so that the temperature of the excavated material in the container is at
  • the aerobic stabilization process is carried out at 25-50 °C, and the moisture content is kept between 40-50%. The whole process is fully enclosed, which effectively avoids secondary pollution such as leachate and odorous gas.
  • the standard of aerobic stabilization is that the water content of the pile (ie, the excavated material sample) is less than 40%, the respiration intensity (AT 4 ) on the 4th day is less than 5 mg O 2 /g DW, and the stabilization time is generally 5 days.
  • This embodiment provides a container equipment for closed transportation of stored garbage and for ectopic aerobic stabilization, which is used for a 40-inch standard container.
  • the container equipment includes a container body 1 , a functional lining 2 , a positioning and fixing system, and a control and maintenance area 4 .
  • the functional lining is formed by splicing four side panels 6 and top panels 7 and one bottom panel 8 and back panel 9. Every two side panels 6 and top panels 7 are connected by uprights 10 and beams 11. Evaporation system, water distribution and drainage system, heating and heat preservation system.
  • the circulating air low-temperature evaporation system is composed of the air inlet main pipe 12, the air distribution perforated pipe 13, the bottom drainage and air distribution groove 14, the top plate water distribution and air guide groove 15, the air suction perforated pipe 16, the fan 17, the air outlet pipe 18, and the quicklime dehydration and deodorization.
  • System invention patent "a granular quicklime fixed bed dehydration and deodorization system and its operation method", application number: 202011447631.X)
  • the air distribution perforated pipe 13 is connected to the air inlet main pipe 12, and is arranged at equal intervals of 30mm.
  • the dry hot air provided by the quicklime dehydration and deodorization system enters the air distribution perforated pipe 13 through the air inlet main pipe 12, and evenly distributes air to the functional lining from bottom to top.
  • the air inlet of the fan 17 is connected to the air suction perforated pipe 16
  • the air outlet of the fan 17 is connected to the air outlet pipe 18 .
  • the air suction perforated pipe 16 is arranged on the lower side of the water distribution and air guide groove 15 on the top plate, and the opening of the air suction perforated pipe 16 corresponds to each water distribution and air guide groove 15.
  • the moisture-containing circulating air formed by taking away the moisture in the filling is drawn into the air suction perforated pipe 16 through the diversion of the water distribution and air guide groove 15 on the top plate, and enters the quicklime dehydration and deodorization system through the air outlet pipe 18 to remove the odorous and odorous gases. With water vapor, dry hot air is obtained, and then enters from the bottom air inlet main pipe 12 to form circulating air, thereby reducing the moisture content of the filling.
  • the water distribution and drainage system consists of a leachate water inlet pipe 19, a fiber capillary water distribution pipe 20 (the invention patent "a fiber capillary water distribution pipe, a water distribution system and a water distribution method", application number: 2020103619748), a roof water distribution and air guide groove 15, and a side drain
  • the ditch 22, the general drainage ditch 23, and the leachate drainage pipe 24 are composed;
  • the leachate water inlet pipe 19 is arranged below the top plate water distribution and air guide groove 15 and on the other side opposite to the air suction perforated pipe 16;
  • the fiber capillary water distribution pipe 20 is arranged at The top plate water distribution and air guide grooves 15 with equidistant 30mm distribution are connected to the leachate water inlet pipe 19, and the water in the leachate water inlet pipe 19 is evenly distributed to the filling from top to bottom through the fiber water distribution technology.
  • the leachate drainage pipe 24 is connected to the general drainage ditch 23, and the waste water generated by the filling in the process of ectopic aerobic stabilization is passed through the drainage air distribution ditch (the side drainage ditch 22), and the guide of the general drainage ditch 23 is drained by the leachate drainage pipe. 24 discharge.
  • a layer of straw is laid on the top of the load-carrying area of the bottom plate to prevent the filling material from falling into the bottom drainage and air distribution ditch (side drainage ditch 22 ) and the general drainage ditch 23 .
  • the heat supply and heat preservation system includes a bottom water and heat main pipe 25 , a bottom water and heat coil 26 , a peripheral water and heat layer 27 , a bottom air heat insulation layer 28 , and an outer peripheral air heat insulation layer 29 .
  • the outer peripheral hydrothermal layer 27 is formed by splicing the short hydrothermal pipes of the bottom plate 8 (located on both sides of the bottom plate 8 and in the connection area with the side plates 6 ), the side hydrothermal layers of the side plates 6 on both sides, and the top hydrothermal layer of the top plate 7 .
  • the water and heat main pipe 25 is connected to the quicklime dehydration and deodorization system through the circulating water pipeline 30, and the hot circulating water produced by it is sent to the bottom water heating coil 26 and the outer peripheral water heating layer 27 for heating the lining and the filling, and The circulating water is sent to the quicklime dehydration and deodorization system to use the waste heat of the system to heat up.
  • the outer peripheral air insulation layer 29 is formed by splicing the side air layer of the bottom plate 8, the side air layer of the side plates 6 on both sides, and the top air layer of the top plate 7. Together with the bottom air insulation layer 28, the heat inside the lining is prevented from being released to the environment. Escape, play a role in thermal insulation.
  • a right-angle stainless steel hollow corner code is placed at the splicing of the water and heat channels of the side plate and the top plate to ensure the structural strength of the splicing.
  • the positioning and fixing system includes a side positioning square 5 and a positioning and fixing device 3 .
  • the side positioning squares 5 are arranged inside the side walls on both sides of the container, the width and height are 50mm, the length is 12032mm and the length of the side wall is equal to the length of the side walls.
  • the control and maintenance area 4 is located in the interlayer area between the rear of the container and the functional lining back panel, and is provided with a steel platform for placing the fan 17 required for the circulating air low-temperature evaporation system.
  • the control and maintenance area also includes part of the air intake manifold 12 and
  • the leachate water inlet pipe 19, the air outlet pipe 18, and the leachate drain pipe 24 are convenient for the connection of pipes and daily maintenance when multiple sets of container equipment are used in combination.
  • the head of the container uses double doors, and the inner side of the door is connected with the inner lining with a rubber sealing ring, which plays a sealing role; the tail of the container is provided with an inspection port to facilitate access to the control and inspection area4.
  • the temperature in the container can be controlled by adjusting the temperature of the circulating air and circulating water of the quicklime dehydration and deodorization system, and the suitable moisture content of the excavated material can be maintained by adjusting the water distribution, so that the temperature of the excavated material in the container is at
  • the aerobic stabilization process is carried out at 25-50 °C, and the moisture content is kept between 40-50%. The whole process is fully enclosed, which effectively avoids secondary pollution such as leachate and odorous gas.
  • the standard for aerobic stabilization is that the water content of the pile (ie, the excavated material sample) is less than 40%, the respiration intensity (AT 4 ) on the 4th day is less than 5 mg O 2 /g DW, and the stabilization time is generally 7 days.

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Abstract

一种存量垃圾封闭运输及异位好氧稳定的集装箱装备及其使用方法，该装备包括集装箱箱体（1）及设在其内壁的功能内衬（2），功能内衬上设有循环风低温蒸发系统、配水导排系统和供热保温系统；循环风低温蒸发系统包括进风总管（12）、布气穿孔管（13）、底板排水布气沟（14）以及顶板布水导气槽（15）、抽气穿孔管（16）、风机（17）、出风管（18）、生石灰脱水除臭系统；配水导排系统包括渗滤液进水管（19）、纤维毛细配水管（20）、所述顶板布水导气槽以及侧排水沟（22）、排水总沟（23）、渗滤液排水管（24）；供热保温系统包括底板水热总管（25）、底部水热盘管（26）、外周水热层（27）、底部空气隔热层（28）、外周空气隔热层（29）。该集装箱装备能实现固体废弃物的全封闭运输及异位好氧稳定化过程。

Description

存量垃圾封闭运输及异位好氧稳定的集装箱装备及其方法 技术领域
本发明涉及存量垃圾异位好氧稳定技术领域，具体涉及一种实现存量垃圾封闭运输及异位好氧稳定的集装箱装备及其方法。
背景技术
存量垃圾是指在以填埋的方式进行处理、在填埋场中进行较长时间稳定处理的生活垃圾。根据《中国城乡建设统计年鉴》中全国城市市容环境卫生情况显示，2018年我国城市生活垃圾清运总量达22801.75万吨，处理总量达22684.75万吨，其中卫生填埋达11706.02万吨，由此可见填埋仍然是我国生活垃圾处理的主要方式。目前全国范围内，非正规填埋场(2.7万个)和卫生填埋场(1600个)约存储了80亿吨存量垃圾，占地约5亿m2，内含约35亿吨陈腐有机物、15亿吨塑料、10亿吨织物、5亿吨无机惰性物，潜在资源巨大，但污染严重，因此其无害化处置、资源转化和二次污染防治，对于回应群众关切，回收资源，盘活占用土地，对现有非正规填埋场或堆场的治理和卫生填埋场的循环使用具有重要的理论和实践意义。
目前存量垃圾堆场填埋场方法分为原位治理和异位治理，原位治理技术是通过强制通入空气、渗滤液营养调配后注入回灌，使垃圾堆体处于准好氧环境，有机垃圾降解速率快速增加，但稳定化耗时较长(1-3年)，无法满足土地置换的迫切需求，且存在投资与运行成本较高、易对周围环境产生影响等问题。为解决原位好氧稳定技术存在的问题，异位好氧稳定技术逐渐兴起。异位治理是通过对垃圾的开采、筛分，具有快速释放土地空间、材料回收及资源化利用等优势，而且还可以避免填埋场由于渗滤液持续产生而造成后期维护管理费用。
但由于目前国内存量垃圾异位治理技术仍以借鉴其他行业如采矿业相应技术为主，露天开挖后敞开运输至开放置场中晾晒，待含水率下降后再进行筛分。而相比于稳定的矿石，未达到稳定化的存量垃圾易产生渗滤液及恶臭异味气体，若仍按照采矿业粗放的开采、运输、贮藏技术，必然会在治理过程中对周边环境造成二次污染；同时堆体晾晒效果受天气情况与空气湿度的制约，且往往仅表层含水率有所下降，堆体内部仍有较高含水率且处于缺氧环境，影响到后续的筛分 与资源化效果。
公开号CN111570467A的专利公开了一种存量生活垃圾异位好氧强化稳定化系统及方法，通过构建挖采物置场在一周内即可实现对存量垃圾含水率高效控制、加速好氧稳定过程，并同步实现二次污染防控。但该技术需额外设置固定床，而由于固定床堆高受限(一般不高于2m)，导致固定床所需占地面积较大，受地形影响较大，此外固定床还存在建造周期较长、投资金额较大，填埋场治理完毕后难以再回收利用等问题，同时从填埋场至固定床运输过程中渗滤液与恶臭异味气体的二次污染控制也亟待解决。
集装箱装备由于其标准化易于管理、堆叠放置减少占地面积、运输灵活可重复使用等特点，可用来代替传统挖采物固定床。但由于存量垃圾挖采物稳定化过程需在全密闭环境中进行强制通风并保持恒定适宜温度，同时沥出的渗滤液会对集装箱箱体产生腐蚀，因此需通过在集装箱内安装专用功能内衬承载挖采物，并提供密闭环境实现强制通风、渗滤液收集与回灌、供热保温等功能。现有集装箱内衬主要以保温隔热为主，无法完全实现上述功能，且结构强度、安装精度无法满足需求。
发明内容
针对现有存量垃圾异位好氧稳定技术仍以工程建设为主，构筑物置场存在建设周期长、投资成本大、占地面积大、难以重复利用等问题的现状，因此本发明的目的在于设计一种用于存量垃圾实现封闭运输及异位好氧稳定的集装箱装备代替传统固定床构筑物，结合针对固体废弃物、渗滤液、恶臭异味气体的“三位一体”二次污染控制及低温蒸发含水率控制异位稳定化技术，实现固体废弃物的全封闭运输及异位好氧稳定化过程。
为了解决上述问题，本发明所采用的技术方案如下：
存量垃圾封闭运输及异位好氧稳定的集装箱装备，包括集装箱箱体和设在集装箱箱体内壁的功能内衬，功能内衬上设有循环风低温蒸发系统和配水导排系统；循环风低温蒸发系统包括进风总管、布气穿孔管、底板排水布气沟以及顶板布水导气槽、抽气穿孔管、风机、出风管、生石灰脱水除臭系统；进风总管连接至生 石灰脱水除臭系统，布气穿孔管连接至进风总管并设在等距分布的底板排水布气沟内可从下到上布气；抽气穿孔管设在顶板布水导气槽下方，抽气穿孔管连接至风机进风口，风机出风口连接至出风管，出风管连接至生石灰脱水除臭系统；配水导排系统包括渗滤液进水管、纤维毛细配水管、所述顶板布水导气槽以及侧排水沟、排水总沟、渗滤液排水管；纤维毛细配水管布置在所述顶板布水导气槽内且连接至渗滤液进水管，从上往下向装填物均匀配水；位于功能内衬的底板上的侧排水沟、排水总沟均连通至渗滤液排水管，将废水由渗滤液排水管导排。
进一步地，所述功能内衬还包括供热保温系统，包括底板水热总管、底部水热盘管、外周水热层、底部空气隔热层、外周空气隔热层；外周水热层包括底板侧部的水热短管、两侧侧板的侧水热层和顶板的顶部水热层；底板水热总管通过循环水管道连接至生石灰脱水除臭系统，将其产生的热循环水分别送至底部水热盘管与上述外周水热层为内衬内装填物供热，并将循环后的水送至生石灰脱水除臭系统利用系统余热进行升温；外周空气隔热层包括底板的侧空气层、两侧侧板的侧空气层、顶板的顶部空气层，外周空气隔热层与所述底部空气隔热层共同防止内衬内部热量外逸。
进一步地，所述集装箱装备可上下堆叠放置。
进一步地，其特征在于，所述功能内衬包括侧板、顶板、底板以及背板拼接而成；底板由废弃塑料模压成型，侧板、顶板和背板挤出成型。
进一步地，所述装备还包括定位固定系统，定位固定系统包括侧定位方子以及定位固定装置，侧定位方子的两端均设在集装箱箱体侧壁上且与集装箱箱体等长，用于定位内衬在集装箱内部宽度方向上的位置；定位固定装置位于集装箱箱体顶部内壁与功能内衬的顶板之间且与集装箱箱体的受力框架相连接，用于定位固定功能内衬的顶板在集装箱内部高度及深度的位置。
更进一步地，所述定位固定装置包括绞轮升降装置、钢梁与固定方子，钢梁的高度为功能内衬顶板至集装箱内侧顶部的距离，钢梁下方且沿钢梁长度方向设有多个下凹槽，下凹槽位置与功能内衬的顶板上凹槽相对应匹配；所述固定方子设在所述下凹槽内，固定方子顶部通过钢丝绳连接至钢梁内部的所述绞轮升降装置，实现固定方子在下凹槽与顶板上凹槽之间的升降；所述固定方子的高度应大于所述顶板上凹槽的深度同时小于钢梁的高度。
存量垃圾封闭运输及异位好氧稳定的集装箱装备的使用方法，包括：
将垃圾挖采物填满所述功能内衬后，确保集装箱装备大门密闭通过封闭运输至异位好氧稳定区域；将进风总管、出风管及底板水热总管连接至生石灰脱水除臭系统，渗滤液进水管、渗滤液排水管连接至渗滤液处理系统即可进行单个集装箱装备的好氧稳定化过程，通过调节生石灰脱水除臭系统的循环风、循环水温度可控制集装箱内温度，通过调节配水速度维持挖采物适宜含水率且整个过程全封闭运行；挖采物达到好氧稳定化标准后，将集装箱装备运至指定区域清空，之后集装箱装备可再运至填埋场装填新开挖的挖采物。
进一步地，由所述生石灰脱水除臭系统提供的干燥热空气通过进风总管进入布气穿孔管，由下至上向功能内衬均匀布气；当装填物填满功能内衬后，因带走装填物中水分而形成的含湿循环风通过顶板布水导气槽的导流作用被抽入抽气穿孔管，并通过出风管进入生石灰脱水除臭系统脱去其中的恶臭异味气体与水蒸气，得到干燥热空气，再从底部进风总管进入集装箱形成循环风从而降低垃圾含水率。
进一步地，所述渗滤液进水管经纤维毛细配水管将进水从上往下向装填物均匀配水；渗滤液排水管将装填物在异位好氧稳定过程中产生的废水通过侧排水沟、排水总沟的导排作用由渗滤液排水管排出。
进一步地，所述集装箱装备内的挖采物的温度处于25～50℃，含水率保持在40～50％之间进行好氧稳定化过程；好氧稳定化标准为挖采物样品的含水率低于40％，4日呼吸强度AT 4小于5mg O 2/g DW，稳定时间一般为3-7天。
本发明的有益效果如下：
(1)该装备通过循环风低温蒸发系统与供热保温系统提供合适的好氧稳定环境，达到高效含水率控制效果，存量垃圾挖采物可实现3～7天时间快速好氧稳定，大大缩短稳定化周期；
(2)该装备有效解决了存量垃圾异位治理中运输及好氧稳定化过程中渗滤液、恶臭异味气体的二次污染防控问题；
(3)该装备的功能内衬可由废塑料利用模压或挤出成型技术制造，实现以废治废，在保证使用强度及需求的同时降低了制造成本；
(4)该装备可通过多个集装箱的堆叠解决传统固定床因堆高受限导致占地面积 大、部分地方缺乏建造构筑物条件的问题，使用灵活方便，可在不同地点不同项目中循环使用，同时能够大幅降低项目投资成本。
附图说明
图1为本发明的主视图；
图2为本发明的左视图；
图3为本发明的右视图；
图4是为定位固定装置组装后的示意图；
图5是定位固定装置的绞轮升降装置结构示意图。
其中：1、集装箱箱体；2、功能内衬；3、定位固定装置；4、控制及检修区；5、侧定位方子；6、侧板；7、顶板；8、底板；9、背板；10、立柱；11、横梁；12、进风总管；13、布气穿孔管；14、底板排水布气沟；15、顶板布水导气槽；16、抽气穿孔管；17、风机；18、出风管；19、渗滤液进水管；20、纤维毛细配水管；21、顶板上凹槽；22、侧排水沟；23、排水总沟；24、渗滤液排水管；25、底板水热总管；26、底部水热盘管；27、外周水热层；28、底部空气隔热层；29、外周空气隔热层；30、循环水管道；
31-钢梁，32-固定方子，33-下凹槽，34-钢丝绳，35-顶板上凹槽，36-升降控制器，37-定滑轮。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白，下面结合说明书附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。
本实施例的实现存量垃圾封闭运输及异位好氧稳定的集装箱装备，包括集装箱箱体1、功能内衬2、定位固定系统、控制及检修区4。功能内衬2由侧板6、顶板7、底板8、背板9拼接而成，包括循环风低温蒸发系统、配水导排系统、供热保温系统。
优选的，当使用20或40英寸标准集装箱时，通过立柱及横梁实现多块侧板6、顶板之7间的衔接。
其中，循环风低温蒸发系统包括进风总管12、布气穿孔管13、底板排水布气沟14、顶板布水导气槽15、抽气穿孔管16、风机17、出风管18、生石灰脱水除臭系统(发明专利“一种颗粒生石灰固定床脱水除臭系统及其运行方法”，申请号：202011447631.X)组成；进风总管12沿底板长度方向设置在底板中央，布气穿孔管13连接至进风总管12，并设置在等距分布的底板排水布气沟14内，由生石灰脱水除臭系统提供的干燥热空气通过进风总管12进入等距分布的布气穿孔管13，由下至上向功能内衬均匀布气。风机17进风口连接至抽气穿孔管16，风机17出风口连接至出风管18。抽气穿孔管16设在顶板布水导气槽15下方一侧，抽气穿孔管16的开孔与每条布水导气槽15相对应，当装填物填满功能内衬后，因带走装填物中水分而形成的含湿循环风通过顶板布水导气槽15的导流作用被抽入抽气穿孔管16，并通过出风管18进入生石灰脱水除臭系统脱去其中的恶臭异味气体与水蒸气，得到干燥热空气，再从底部进风总管12进入集装箱形成循环风，从而降低装填物含水率。
配水导排系统包括渗滤液进水管19、纤维毛细配水管20(发明专利“一种纤维毛细配水管、配水系统及配水方法”，申请号：2020103619748)、顶板布水导气槽15、侧排水沟22、排水总沟23、渗滤液排水管24；渗滤液进水管19设置在顶板布水导气槽15下方且与抽气穿孔管16相对的另一侧；纤维毛细配水管20布置在等距分布的顶板布水导气槽15内，并连接至渗滤液进水管19，通过纤维毛细配水技术将渗滤液进水管19进水从上往下向装填物均匀配水。渗滤液排水管24连接至排水总沟23，将装填物在异位好氧稳定过程中产生的废水通过侧排水沟22、排水总沟23的导排作用由渗滤液排水管24排出。
优选的，在底板载物区顶部铺设一层草垫，防止装填物落入底板侧排水沟22、排水总沟23。
供热保温系统包括底板水热总管25、底部水热盘管26、外周水热层27、底部空气隔热层28、外周空气隔热层29。外周水热层27由底板8的水热短管、两侧侧板6的侧水热层、顶板7的顶部水热层拼接而成；水热总管25通过循环水管道连接至生石灰脱水除臭系统，将其产生的热循环水分别送至底部水热盘管26与外周水热层27为内衬内装填物供热，并将循环后的水送至生石灰脱水除臭系统利用系统余热进行升温。外周空气隔热层29由底板8的侧空气层、两侧侧 板6的侧空气层、顶板7的顶部空气层拼接而成，与底部空气隔热层28共同防止内衬内部热量向环境中逸散，起到保温作用。
优选的，在侧板6与顶板7的水热层拼接处放置直角不锈钢空心角码，保障拼接处结构强度。
定位固定系统包括侧定位方子5与定位固定装置3。侧定位方子5设置在集装箱两侧侧壁内部，长度与侧壁长度等宽，每侧等距设置两个，且与集装箱的受力框架相连接，用于定位内衬在集装箱内部宽度方向上的位置，并将内衬在运输过程中所受侧压力通过方子传导至集装箱的受力框架，延长内衬的使用寿命；定位固定装置3安装在集装箱顶部，且与集装箱的受力框架相连接，用于定位内衬的顶板7在集装箱内部高度及深度的位置并固定，防止在运输过程中因上下坡导致的位移。
具体的，如图4和图5所示，定位固定装置3位于集装箱内侧顶部与功能内衬的顶板7之间，包括绞轮升降装置、钢梁31与固定方子32，其中钢梁31与集装箱长度等长，钢梁31的高度为功能内衬顶部至集装箱顶部的距离，实现对功能内衬在上下方向的定位与固定，钢梁31下方设有沿钢梁31长度方向等距排列的若干下凹槽33，下凹槽33位置应与功能内衬的顶板上凹槽35相对应。
绞轮升降装置包括钢丝绳34、升降控制器36以及定滑轮37，其中上述固定方子32垂直设置在钢梁31的下方，具体的是固定方子32设在下凹槽33内，固定方子32的顶部通过钢丝绳34经过钢梁31内的两个定滑轮37并连接至升降控制器36(如图5所示)，通过升降控制器36收放钢丝绳34实现固定方子32在钢梁下凹槽33与内衬顶板上凹槽35之间的升降。
固定方子32高度应大于内衬顶板上凹槽35的深度同时小于钢梁31的高度，使得在内衬装配前固定方子32能完全收至钢梁下凹槽33内，装配后固定方子2完全降至内衬顶板上凹槽35时，仍有部分位于钢梁下凹槽33，实现对内衬在前后方向的定位与固定，以及较好的传导受力效果。
优选的，侧定位方子5宽度为25-80mm，高度为25-80mm，材质可选用再生塑料。
控制及检修区4设在集装箱尾部与功能内衬背板的夹层区域，设有钢制平台用于放置循环风低温蒸发系统所需风机17，控制及检修区4内还包括部分进风 总管12与渗滤液进水管19、出风管18、渗滤液排水管24，方便多组集装箱装备组合使用时进行管道的连接及日常维护。
优选的，集装箱头部安装双开门，门内侧与内衬连接处设有橡胶密封圈，起到密封作用；集装箱尾部设有检修口，方便操作人员进入控制及检修区4。
背板9为实现整个内衬密封的一块板，无工艺管道和其他特殊作用。在与双开门的相对面，贴合在底板8、侧板6和顶板7上。
上述存量垃圾封闭运输及异位好氧稳定的集装箱装备的使用方法：
S1、在填埋场挖采存量垃圾时，在外力作用下将集装箱装备头部大门一侧抬高，挖机将挖采物直接装入集装箱，减少挖采物的暴露时间；
S2、当落入集装箱的挖采物在重力作用下填满整个功能内衬时，集装箱装备恢复原状，确保大门密闭后直接送往异位好氧稳定区域，通过封闭运输实现二次污染控制；
S3、集装箱到达指定区域后，将进风总管12、出风管18及水热总管25连接至生石灰脱水除臭系统，渗滤液进水管19、渗滤液排水管24连接至渗滤液处理系统即可进行单个集装箱装备的好氧稳定化过程，通过调节生石灰脱水除臭系统的循环风、循环水温度可控制集装箱内温度，通过调节配水速度维持挖采物适宜含水率。整个过程全封闭运行，能够有效避免渗滤液与恶臭异味气体等二次污染。
S4、挖采物达到好氧稳定化标准后，将集装箱运至指定区域并将尾部抬高，稳定后的挖采物在重力作用下自流流出，清空后的集装箱可再运至填埋场装填新开挖的挖采物。
优选的，使集装箱内挖采物的温度处于25～50℃，含水率保持在40～50％之间进行好氧稳定化过程；好氧稳定化标准为堆体(即挖采物样品)含水率低于40％，4日呼吸强度(AT 4)小于5mg O 2/g DW，稳定时间一般为3-7天。
实施例1
本实施例提供一种存量垃圾封闭运输及异位好氧稳定的集装箱装备，集装箱装备的尺寸为20英尺(一般指集装箱的长度)。该集装箱装备包括集装箱箱体1、功能内衬2、定位固定系统、控制及检修区4。功能内衬由两块侧板6与顶板7及一块底板8与背板9拼接而成，两块侧板6与顶板7间通过立柱10及横梁11 衔接，功能内衬内包括循环风低温蒸发系统、配水导排系统、供热保温系统。
循环风低温蒸发系统由进风总管12、布气穿孔管13、底板排水布气沟14、顶板布水导气槽15、抽气穿孔管16、风机17、出风管18、生石灰脱水除臭系统(发明专利“一种颗粒生石灰固定床脱水除臭系统及其运行方法”，申请号：202011447631.X)组成，布气穿孔管13连接至进风总管12，并设置在等距间隔30mm的底板排水布气沟14内，由生石灰脱水除臭系统提供的干燥热空气通过进风总管12进入布气穿孔管13，由下至上向功能内衬均匀布气；风机17进风口连接至抽气穿孔管16，风机17出风口连接至出风管18。抽气穿孔管16设在顶板布水导气槽15下方一侧，抽气穿孔管16的开孔与每条布水导气槽15相对应，当装填物填满功能内衬后，因带走装填物中水分而形成的含湿循环风通过顶板布水导气槽15的导流被抽入抽气穿孔管16，并通过出风管18进入生石灰脱水除臭系统脱去其中恶臭异味气体与水蒸气，得到干燥热空气，再从底部进风总管12进入形成循环风，从而降低装填物含水率。
配水导排系统由渗滤液进水管19、纤维毛细配水管20(发明专利“一种纤维毛细配水管、配水系统及配水方法”，申请号：2020103619748)、顶板布水导气槽15、侧排水沟22、排水总沟23、渗滤液排水管24组成；渗滤液进水管19设置在顶板布水导气槽15下方且与抽气穿孔管16相对的另一侧；纤维毛细配水管20布置在等距30mm分布的顶板布水导气槽15内，并连接至渗滤液进水管19，通过纤维配水技术将渗透液进水管19进水从上往下向装填物均匀配水。渗滤液排水管24连接至排水总沟23，将装填物在异位好氧稳定过程中产生的废水通过排水布气沟(侧排水沟22)、排水总沟23的导排由渗滤液排水管24排出。在底板载物区顶部铺设一层草垫，防止装填物落入底板排水布气沟(侧排水沟22)及排水总沟23。
供热保温系统包括底板水热总管25、底部水热盘管26、外周水热层27、底部空气隔热层28，外周空气隔热层29。外周水热层27由底板的水热短管(位于底板8两侧且与侧板6的连接区)、两侧侧板6的侧水热层、顶板7的顶部水热层拼接而成；水热总管25通过循环水管道30连接至生石灰脱水除臭系统，将其产生的热循环水分别送至底部水热盘管26与上述外周水热层27为内衬内装填物供热，并将循环后的水送至生石灰脱水除臭系统利用系统余热进行升温。外周空 气隔热层29由底板的侧空气层、两侧侧板的侧空气层、顶板的顶部空气层拼接而成，与底部空气隔热层28共同防止内衬内部热量向环境中逸散，起到保温作用。此外，在侧板与顶板的水热通道拼接处放置直角不锈钢空心角码，保障拼接处结构强度。
定位固定系统包括侧定位方子5与定位固定装置3。侧定位方子5设置在集装箱两侧侧壁内部，宽度与高度为50mm，长度为5898mm与侧壁长度等长，每侧等距设置两个，且与集装箱的受力框架相连接，用于定位内衬在集装箱内部宽度方向上的位置，并将内衬在运输过程中所受侧压力通过侧定位方子5传导至集装箱的受力框架，延长内衬的使用寿命；定位固定装置3安装在集装箱顶部，且与集装箱的受力框架相连接，用于定位内衬的顶板7在集装箱内部高度及深度的位置并固定，防止在运输过程中因上下坡导致的位移。
控制及检修区4设在集装箱尾部与功能内衬背板的夹层区域，设有钢制平台用于放置循环风低温蒸发系统所需风机17，控制及检修区内还包括部分进风总管12与渗滤液进水管19、出风管18、渗滤液排水管24，方便多组集装箱装备组合使用时进行管道的连接及日常维护。
集装箱头部使用双开门，门内侧与内衬连接处设有橡胶密封圈，起到密封作用；集装箱尾部设有检修口，方便进入控制及检修区4。
上述存量垃圾封闭运输及异位好氧稳定的集装箱装备的使用方法：
S1、在填埋场挖采存量垃圾时，集装箱装备在外力作用下将门一侧抬高，挖机将挖采物直接装入集装箱，减少挖采物的暴露时间；
S2、当落入集装箱的挖采物在重力作用下填满整个功能内衬时，集装箱装备恢复原状，确保大门密闭后直接送往异位好氧稳定区域，通过封闭运输实现二次污染控制；
S3、达到指定区域后，将进风总管12、出风管18及循环水管道30连接至生石灰脱水除臭系统，渗滤液进水管19、渗滤液排水管24连接至渗滤液处理系统即可进行单个集装箱装备的好氧稳定化过程，通过调节生石灰脱水除臭系统的循环风、循环水温度可控制集装箱内温度，通过调节配水维持挖采物适宜含水率，使集装箱内挖采物的温度处于25～50℃，含水率保持在40～50％之间进行好氧稳定化过程。整个过程全封闭运行，有效避免渗滤液与恶臭异味气体等二次污染。
S4、达到好氧稳定化标准后，将集装箱运至指定区域并将尾部抬高，稳定后的挖采物在重力作用下自流流出，清空后的集装箱可再运至填埋场装填新开挖的挖采物。好氧稳定化标准为堆体(即挖采物样品)含水率低于40％，4日呼吸强度(AT 4)小于5mg O 2/g DW，稳定时间一般为5天。
实施例2
本实施例提供一种存量垃圾封闭运输及异位好氧稳定的集装箱装备，用于40英寸标准集装箱。该集装箱装备包括集装箱箱体1、功能内衬2、定位固定系统、控制及检修区4。功能内衬由四块侧板6与顶板7及一块底板8与背板9拼接而成，每两块侧板6与顶板7间通过立柱10及横梁11衔接，功能内衬内包括循环风低温蒸发系统、配水导排系统、供热保温系统。
循环风低温蒸发系统由进风总管12、布气穿孔管13、底板排水布气沟14、顶板布水导气槽15、抽气穿孔管16、风机17、出风管18、生石灰脱水除臭系统(发明专利“一种颗粒生石灰固定床脱水除臭系统及其运行方法”，申请号：202011447631.X)组成，布气穿孔管13连接至进风总管12，并设置在等距间隔30mm的底板排水布气沟14内，由生石灰脱水除臭系统提供的干燥热空气通过进风总管12进入布气穿孔管13，由下至上向功能内衬均匀布气。风机17进风口连接至抽气穿孔管16，风机17出风口连接至出风管18。抽气穿孔管16设在顶板布水导气槽15下方一侧，抽气穿孔管16的开孔与每条布水导气槽15相对应，当装填物填满功能内衬后，因带走装填物中水分而形成的含湿循环风通过顶板布水导气槽15的导流被抽入抽气穿孔管16，并通过出风管18进入生石灰脱水除臭系统脱去其中恶臭异味气体与水蒸气，得到干燥热空气，再从底部进风总管12进入形成循环风，从而降低装填物含水率。
配水导排系统由渗滤液进水管19、纤维毛细配水管20(发明专利“一种纤维毛细配水管、配水系统及配水方法”，申请号：2020103619748)、顶板布水导气槽15、侧排水沟22、排水总沟23、渗滤液排水管24组成；渗滤液进水管19设置在顶板布水导气槽15下方且与抽气穿孔管16相对的另一侧；纤维毛细配水管20布置在等距30mm分布的顶板布水导气槽15内，并连接至渗滤液进水管19，通过纤维配水技术将渗滤液进水管19进水从上往下向装填物均匀配水。渗滤液 排水管24连接至排水总沟23，将装填物在异位好氧稳定过程中产生的废水通过排水布气沟(侧排水沟22)、排水总沟23的导排由渗滤液排水管24排出。在底板载物区顶部铺设一层草垫，防止装填物落入底板排水布气沟(侧排水沟22)及排水总沟23。
供热保温系统包括底板水热总管25、底部水热盘管26、外周水热层27、底部空气隔热层28，外周空气隔热层29。外周水热层27由底板8的水热短管(位于底板8两侧且与侧板6的连接区)、两侧侧板6的侧水热层、顶板7的顶部水热层拼接而成；水热总管25通过循环水管道30连接至生石灰脱水除臭系统，将其产生的热循环水分别送至底部水热盘管26与外周水热层27为内衬内装填物供热，并将循环后的水送至生石灰脱水除臭系统利用系统余热进行升温。外周空气隔热层29由底板8的侧空气层、两侧侧板6的侧空气层、顶板7的顶部空气层拼接而成，与底部空气隔热层28共同防止内衬内部热量向环境中逸散，起到保温作用。此外，在侧板与顶板的水热通道拼接处放置直角不锈钢空心角码，保障拼接处结构强度。
定位固定系统包括侧定位方子5与定位固定装置3。侧定位方子5设置在集装箱两侧侧壁内部，宽度与高度为50mm，长度为12032mm与侧壁长度等长，每侧等距设置两个，且与集装箱的受力框架相连接，用于定位内衬在集装箱内部宽度方向上的位置，并将内衬在运输过程中所受侧压力通过侧定位方子5传导至集装箱的受力框架，延长内衬的使用寿命；定位固定装置3安装在集装箱顶部，且与集装箱的受力框架相连接，用于定位内衬的顶板7在集装箱内部高度及深度的位置并固定，防止在运输过程中因上下坡导致的位移。
控制及检修区4设在集装箱尾部与功能内衬背板的夹层区域，设有钢制平台用于放置循环风低温蒸发系统所需风机17，控制及检修区内还包括部分进风总管12与渗滤液进水管19、出风管18、渗滤液排水管24，方便多组集装箱装备组合使用时进行管道的连接及日常维护。
集装箱头部使用双开门，门内侧与内衬连接处设有橡胶密封圈，起到密封作用；集装箱尾部设有检修口，方便进入控制及检修区4。
上述存量垃圾封闭运输及异位好氧稳定的集装箱装备使用方法：
S1、在填埋场挖采存量垃圾时，集装箱装备在外力作用下将门一侧抬高，挖 机将挖采物直接装入集装箱，减少挖采物的暴露时间；
S2、当落入集装箱的挖采物在重力作用下填满整个功能内衬时，集装箱装备恢复原状，确保大门密闭后直接送往异位好氧稳定区域，通过封闭运输实现二次污染控制；
S3、达到指定区域后，将进风总管12、出风管18及循环水管道30连接至生石灰脱水除臭系统，渗滤液进水管19、渗滤液排水管24连接至渗滤液处理系统即可进行单个集装箱装备的好氧稳定化过程，通过调节生石灰脱水除臭系统的循环风、循环水温度可控制集装箱内温度，通过调节配水维持挖采物适宜含水率，使集装箱内挖采物的温度处于25～50℃，含水率保持在40～50％之间进行好氧稳定化过程。整个过程全封闭运行，有效避免渗滤液与恶臭异味气体等二次污染。
S4、达到好氧稳定化标准后，将集装箱运至指定区域并将尾部抬高，稳定后的挖采物在重力作用下自流流出，清空后的集装箱可再运至填埋场装填新开挖的挖采物。好氧稳定化标准为堆体(即挖采物样品)含水率低于40％，4日呼吸强度(AT 4)小于5mg O 2/g DW，稳定时间一般为7天。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选例实施方式，并不构成对本发明保护范围的限定。任何在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的权利要求保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 存量垃圾封闭运输及异位好氧稳定的集装箱装备，其特征在于，所述装备包括集装箱箱体和设在集装箱箱体内壁的功能内衬，功能内衬上设有循环风低温蒸发系统和配水导排系统；
    循环风低温蒸发系统包括进风总管、布气穿孔管、底板排水布气沟以及顶板布水导气槽、抽气穿孔管、风机、出风管、生石灰脱水除臭系统；进风总管连接至生石灰脱水除臭系统，布气穿孔管连接至进风总管并设在等距分布的底板排水布气沟内可从下到上布气；抽气穿孔管设在顶板布水导气槽下方，抽气穿孔管连接至风机进风口，风机出风口连接至出风管，出风管连接至生石灰脱水除臭系统；
    配水导排系统包括渗滤液进水管、纤维毛细配水管、所述顶板布水导气槽以及侧排水沟、排水总沟、渗滤液排水管；纤维毛细配水管布置在所述顶板布水导气槽内且连接至渗滤液进水管，从上往下向装填物均匀配水；位于功能内衬的底板上的侧排水沟、排水总沟均连通至渗滤液排水管，将废水由渗滤液排水管导排。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的存量垃圾封闭运输及异位好氧稳定的集装箱装备，其特征在于，所述功能内衬还包括供热保温系统，包括底板水热总管、底部水热盘管、外周水热层、底部空气隔热层、外周空气隔热层；外周水热层包括底板侧部的水热短管、两侧侧板的侧水热层和顶板的顶部水热层；底板水热总管通过循环水管道连接至生石灰脱水除臭系统，将其产生的热循环水分别送至底部水热盘管与上述外周水热层为内衬内装填物供热，并将循环后的水送至生石灰脱水除臭系统利用系统余热进行升温；外周空气隔热层包括底板的侧空气层、两侧侧板的侧空气层、顶板的顶部空气层，外周空气隔热层与所述底部空气隔热层共同防止内衬内部热量外逸。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的存量垃圾封闭运输及异位好氧稳定的集装箱装备，其特征在于，所述集装箱装备可上下堆叠放置。
  4. 如权利要求1-3任意之一所述的存量垃圾封闭运输及异位好氧稳定的集装箱装备，其特征在于，所述功能内衬包括侧板、顶板、底板以及背板拼接而成；底板由废弃塑料模压成型，侧板、顶板和背板挤出成型。
  5. 如权利要求1-3任意之一所述的存量垃圾封闭运输及异位好氧稳定的集装箱装备，其特征在于，所述装备还包括定位固定系统，定位固定系统包括侧定位方子以及定位固定装置，侧定位方子的两端均设在集装箱箱体侧壁上且与集装 箱箱体等长，用于定位内衬在集装箱内部宽度方向上的位置；
    定位固定装置位于集装箱箱体顶部内壁与功能内衬的顶板之间且与集装箱箱体的受力框架相连接，用于定位固定功能内衬的顶板在集装箱内部高度及深度的位置。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的存量垃圾封闭运输及异位好氧稳定的集装箱装备，其特征在于，所述定位固定装置包括绞轮升降装置、钢梁与固定方子，钢梁的高度为功能内衬顶板至集装箱内侧顶部的距离，钢梁下方且沿钢梁长度方向设有多个下凹槽，下凹槽位置与功能内衬的顶板上凹槽相对应匹配；所述固定方子设在所述下凹槽内，固定方子顶部通过钢丝绳连接至钢梁内部的所述绞轮升降装置，实现固定方子在下凹槽与顶板上凹槽之间的升降；所述固定方子的高度应大于所述顶板上凹槽的深度同时小于钢梁的高度。
  7. 存量垃圾封闭运输及异位好氧稳定的集装箱装备的使用方法，其特征在于，包括：
    将垃圾挖采物填满所述功能内衬后，确保集装箱装备大门密闭通过封闭运输至异位好氧稳定区域；
    将进风总管、出风管及底板水热总管连接至生石灰脱水除臭系统，渗滤液进水管、渗滤液排水管连接至渗滤液处理系统即可进行单个集装箱装备的好氧稳定化过程，通过调节生石灰脱水除臭系统的循环风、循环水温度可控制集装箱内温度，通过调节配水速度维持挖采物适宜含水率且整个过程全封闭运行；
    挖采物达到好氧稳定化标准后，将集装箱装备运至指定区域清空，之后集装箱装备可再运至填埋场装填新开挖的挖采物。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，由所述生石灰脱水除臭系统提供的干燥热空气通过进风总管进入布气穿孔管，由下至上向功能内衬均匀布气；当装填物填满功能内衬后，因带走装填物中水分而形成的含湿循环风通过顶板布水导气槽的导流作用被抽入抽气穿孔管，并通过出风管进入生石灰脱水除臭系统脱去其中的恶臭异味气体与水蒸气，得到干燥热空气，再从底部进风总管进入集装箱形成循环风从而降低垃圾含水率。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述渗滤液进水管经纤维毛细配水管将进水从上往下向装填物均匀配水；渗滤液排水管将装填物在异位好氧稳 定过程中产生的废水通过侧排水沟、排水总沟的导排作用由渗滤液排水管排出。
  10. 如权利要求7-9任意之一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述集装箱装备内的挖采物的温度处于25～50℃，含水率保持在40～50％之间进行好氧稳定化过程；好氧稳定化标准为挖采物样品的含水率低于40％，4日呼吸强度AT 4小于5mg O 2/g DW，稳定时间一般为3-7天。
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