WO2022229759A1 - Installation pour la teinture écologiquement durable de fil bobiné et de produits textiles similaires, fibres discontinues textiles et divers articles comportant de l'indigo et d'autres colorants réducteurs - Google Patents

Installation pour la teinture écologiquement durable de fil bobiné et de produits textiles similaires, fibres discontinues textiles et divers articles comportant de l'indigo et d'autres colorants réducteurs Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022229759A1
WO2022229759A1 PCT/IB2022/053318 IB2022053318W WO2022229759A1 WO 2022229759 A1 WO2022229759 A1 WO 2022229759A1 IB 2022053318 W IB2022053318 W IB 2022053318W WO 2022229759 A1 WO2022229759 A1 WO 2022229759A1
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Prior art keywords
dyeing
dye bath
tank
textile material
plant
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PCT/IB2022/053318
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English (en)
Inventor
Francesco Ronchi
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Master S.R.L.
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Publication of WO2022229759A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022229759A1/fr

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B5/00—Forcing liquids, gases or vapours through textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing impregnating
    • D06B5/12—Forcing liquids, gases or vapours through textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing impregnating through materials of definite length
    • D06B5/16—Forcing liquids, gases or vapours through textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing impregnating through materials of definite length through yarns, threads or filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B15/00—Removing liquids, gases or vapours from textile materials in association with treatment of the materials by liquids, gases or vapours
    • D06B15/04—Removing liquids, gases or vapours from textile materials in association with treatment of the materials by liquids, gases or vapours by suction
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B19/00—Treatment of textile materials by liquids, gases or vapours, not provided for in groups D06B1/00 - D06B17/00
    • D06B19/0005—Fixing of chemicals, e.g. dyestuffs, on textile materials
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B21/00—Successive treatments of textile materials by liquids, gases or vapours
    • D06B21/02—Successive treatments of textile materials by liquids, gases or vapours the treatments being performed in a single container
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B23/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of apparatus or machines, specially adapted for the treating of textile materials, not restricted to a particular kind of apparatus, provided for in groups D06B1/00 - D06B21/00
    • D06B23/04—Carriers or supports for textile materials to be treated
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B23/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of apparatus or machines, specially adapted for the treating of textile materials, not restricted to a particular kind of apparatus, provided for in groups D06B1/00 - D06B21/00
    • D06B23/14—Containers, e.g. vats
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B23/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of apparatus or machines, specially adapted for the treating of textile materials, not restricted to a particular kind of apparatus, provided for in groups D06B1/00 - D06B21/00
    • D06B23/20—Arrangements of apparatus for treating processing-liquids, -gases or -vapours, e.g. purification, filtration or distillation
    • D06B23/205—Arrangements of apparatus for treating processing-liquids, -gases or -vapours, e.g. purification, filtration or distillation for adding or mixing constituents of the treating material
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B23/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of apparatus or machines, specially adapted for the treating of textile materials, not restricted to a particular kind of apparatus, provided for in groups D06B1/00 - D06B21/00
    • D06B23/20—Arrangements of apparatus for treating processing-liquids, -gases or -vapours, e.g. purification, filtration or distillation
    • D06B23/22—Arrangements of apparatus for treating processing-liquids, -gases or -vapours, e.g. purification, filtration or distillation for heating

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a plant and a process for dyeing textile materials such as yams in spools, beams, flocks, textile staple fibres, in “tops” (discontinuous fibre slivers) and “tow” (bundles of parallel and continuous filaments), ready-made garments, etc., with indigo and other reducing dyes, in a short bath and in an inert en vironment.
  • the dyeing plant according to the present invention will be described by way of example but without limitation, with reference to the dyeing of spooled yarn with indigo dye only.
  • Modern spooled yam dyeing plants are typically made of chemical-resistant stainless steel, operate under static pressure up to a maximum temperature of 140°C and are therefore also suitable for dyeing synthetic fibres. These dyeing plants are equipped with sophisticated control and monitoring devices, increasingly improved dye bath cir culation pumps and all necessary treatments are carried out with continuously updated processes and products.
  • these dyeing plants consist of a cylindrical boiler with a cylindrical bottom and cover, the latter being lockable with a bayonet locking system and tiltable by means of a counterweight or pneumatic piston.
  • Each dyeing plant is equipped with a centrifugal pump for forced circulation of the dye bath, bidi rectionally through the spools, and with a heat exchange system for heating or cooling the bath.
  • These dyeing plants are normally equipped with various accessories, such as a pump for creating static pressure, an open vessel for dye bath expansion and also to allow the introduction of ingredients, a small pressurised boiler for sampling a single spool, etc.
  • the heat exchange system of these dyeing plants consists of a large internal coil placed at the bottom of the boiler, in the space between the bottom itself and the base supporting the material-holder devices, that is the devices which support the textile material to be dyed.
  • these dyeing plants can be considered to be of universal utility as they are constructed with boilers that can have a variety of diameters and heights to allow different yarn capacities, ranging from a few kilograms to over one thousand kilograms, to be treated.
  • these dyeing plants are dis tinguished on the basis of two construction versions, that is dyeing plants with a “low” boiler, with single deck yam carriers, for small and medium capacities, and dyeing plants with a “high” boiler, with double deck yam carriers, for medium and large ca pacities and for special assemblies such as warp beams, etc.
  • These dyeing plants operate on average with a dye bath ratio of about 1/10, that is they use 10 litres of water per kilogram of textile material treated, for a variable number of water changes. The number of water changes in a dyeing cycle naturally varies according to the type of textile material being treated and the specific class of dye used.
  • FR 2253865 Al which describes a dyeing plant wherein the yam is no longer immersed in the dye bath, in contrast to conventional full volume dyeing plants with the yarn totally immersed and with reversal of the direction of bath circulation, which alternately passes through the various spools from inside to outside and vice versa. Consequently, the dye bath is drastically reduced in volume and circulated through the various spools in only one direction, that is from the inside to the outside only.
  • this dyeing plant is almost identical to those according to the prior art, from which it differs substantially in that the lower part of the boiler, that is the area between the convex bottom of the boiler and the support for the material-holder devices, has been considerably lengthened so as also to contain the quantity of bath necessary for dyeing and circulation, which has become unidirectional, in addition to the large coil for thermoregulation.
  • the static pres- surisation of the boiler which is necessary in order to be able to operate above 100°C and avoid cavitation of the circulating pump, has changed from a dyeing plant full- volume hydraulic system to a pneumatic system operating through the introduction of compressed air or other gas.
  • Patent document US 3775055 A discloses a plant that not only dyes various textile materials, but also performs a diverse range of multiple treatments on those textile materials with various chemicals.
  • the plant basically consists of two separate connected tanks, built to withstand a particular internal pressure as well as maximum vacuum.
  • a vacuum is created in the lower tank by means of a pneumatic pump, so as to remove air from the textile materials contained within it and ensure that the dye bath present in the upper tank and pressurised with compressed air and/or steam can quickly spray and evenly distribute itself throughout the thickness of the textile materials being treated when drawn back into the lower tank under vacuum.
  • this plant cannot be used to dye with indigo dye, as it is impossible to carry out the sequential operating cycle required by indigo dye (i.e., impregnation, wringing and oxidation, repeated several times) directly within the plant.
  • indigo dye having a relatively small molecule and a low affinity for cellulose fibres, not only requires chemical reduction in an alkaline solution (in leuco form), but also several im pregnations in between wringing and subsequent oxidation in air.
  • a medium or dark blue colour it is necessary to subject the yam to a first dyeing operation consisting of impregnation phases (normally carried out at 25-40°C), wringing and oxidation, immediately followed by several over-dyeing operations, the more the darker the tones and the higher the colour fastness required.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a plant for the environ mentally sustainable dyeing of spooled yams or similar textile products, textile staple fibres and various articles with indigo and other reducing dyes, which is capable of overcoming the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art in an extremely simple, economical, ergonomic, ecological and particularly functional manner.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a plant for dyeing with indigo and other reducing dyes which, in an inert environment and preferably under nitrogen, is able to operate with the smallest possible quantity of dye bath, so as to significantly reduce the consumption of energy, water and chemical products (caustic soda, sodium hydrosulphite, etc.) and, consequently, reduce production costs.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a plant for dyeing with indigo and other reducing dyes which, in an inert environment and preferably under nitrogen, can operate without the spooled yarns being immersed in the dye bath, which is instead only fed in one direction from the inside to the outside of the spools themselves.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a plant for dyeing with indigo and other reducing dyes, in an inert environment and preferably under nitrogen, wherein the dye bath is never permanently present in the boiler of the dyeing plant, but only in the tank for preparation/circulation and storage of the dye bath itself in the various operating stages, always in a minimum relation to the weight of the yam, even in case of partial loads.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a plant for dyeing with indigo and other reducing dyes which, in an inert environment and preferably under nitrogen, enables the number of dyeing steps to be reduced to one.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a plant for dyeing with indigo and other reducing dyes which, in an inert environment and preferably under nitrogen, enables exclusive dyeing cycles with dye baths to be carried out at temperatures above the standard temperature for continuous, high concentration and also low temperature dyeing lines.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a plant for dyeing with indigo and other reducing dyes which, in an inert environment and preferably under nitrogen, allows the spent dye baths to be recovered in such a way that, after the various components have been measured and supplemented, these dye baths can be reused.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a plant for dyeing with indigo and other reducing dyes, which, by using the minimum possible volume of dye bath, makes it economical to apply a system to cool the dye bath itself to around 15°C, the characteristic temperature at which indigo has the highest affinity with the textile fibre, in order to further increase dyeing performance.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a dyeing plant for dyeing with indigo and other reducing dyes which is particularly suitable for producing fabrics and knitwear for jeans, sweatshirts and sportswear, etc.
  • the dyeing plant for dyeing yarns in spools and similar textile products according to the present invention with indigo and other reducing dyes does not present any of the problems typical of dyeing plant of the known type.
  • the dyeing plant according to the present invention has in common only the fact that the yarn is not immersed in the dye bath and that this dye bath circulates in one direction.
  • the dyeing plant according to the present invention is conceptually different, original, complete, rational and specifically designed to operate with the particular operating method required by indigo dye, in an environmentally sustainable manner.
  • the dif ferences in construction and function of the dyeing plant according to the present invention are many and substantial, both with respect to the traditional ones, and with respect to the one illustrated in patent document FR 2253865 Al, differences that make it unique.
  • the dyeing plant according to the present invention totally differs from the prior art in the particular and original constructional form of its dyeing apparatus, which replaces the boiler of traditional dyeing plant such as, for example, the one illustrated in patent document FR 2253865 Al.
  • This dyeing apparatus is characterised in that it always operates in the total absence of the dye bath, which is a basic condition for the special operating process required by indigo dye.
  • the circulating dye bath is contained in an external, hermetically sealed tank.
  • This external tank contains the dye bath only in the necessary quantities, even for partial loads, but always in a constant ratio to the weight of the yarn or other textile material being treated.
  • the tank does not have thermoregulation coils inside, but these are fitted outside, on the bottom and on the wall, and can be used independently, with the advantage that incrustations of dye can also be avoided, in addition to facilitating cleaning and maintenance.
  • the dye bath is not only prepared, but also ther- moregulated, circulated, stored during the various operating phases carried out without bath circulation and replenished from the volume aspirated in the intermediate phases of hydro-extraction of the yam or other textile material by vacuum suction.
  • the particular form of operation of the dyeing plant according to the present invention is ensured by being provided with a large tank for hydro-extraction of the yarn under nitrogen by means of vacuum suction, with retention of the aspirated bath and its subsequent delivery to the circulation vessel.
  • This device is essential for effecting intermediate and final hydro-extraction of the textile material being processed, in an inert environment and directly inside the dyeing apparatus, as well in addition to final oxidation of the dye after de-inertization of the dyeing apparatus and opening an air inlet.
  • the dyeing plant according to the present invention there is no provision for the supply of compressed air, but if it were in any case supplied from inside the spools it could serve for final oxidation of the dye and not for its pressurisation.
  • the nitrogen is not introduced into all the surrounding apparatus, in contact with the dye bath and yam, under pressure, but in a regulated and controlled manner by a residual oxygen analyser, in the quantity necessary to maintain a constant pre-set percentage. Constant maintenance of the pre-set residual oxygen percentage is fundamental as it is an important parameter in indigo dyeing and any variation in it has a significant influence on the final results in terms of colour tone, surface adhesion, fixation, etc.
  • the dyeing apparatus of the dyeing plant according to the present invention operates at atmospheric pressure and is therefore of very simple and economical construction, as well as dispensing with prior construction approval, testing and periodic inspection by bodies responsible for the safety of plants operating under pressure at high temperatures.
  • the dyeing plant according to the present invention is the only one which is able to perform not only the entire characteristic operating cycle required by indigo dye (i.e.
  • Figure 1 is a schematical view, in vertical longitudinal cross-section, of a first em bodiment of a plant for dyeing textile material, in particular spooled yams, according to the present invention, in the version for single batches of yams and arranged in particular for dyeing with indigo in an inert environment, wherein the spools are arranged vertically superimposed on each other, positioned on respective conventional movable material-holder devices, which may be single or superimposed multiple decks;
  • Figure 2 is a schematical view, in vertical longitudinal cross-section, of a second em bodiment of a plant for dyeing textile materials, in particular spooled yarns, according to the present invention, in the version for large batches of yarns, to be dyed in various batches, and therefore provided with an additional tank for the single preparation of all the dye bath required for the whole batch, which is an essential condition to ensure the final uniformity of single batches;
  • Figure 3 is a schematical view, in vertical longitudinal cross-section, of the single deck dyeing apparatus of the dyeing plant in Figures 1 and 2, wherein this dyeing apparatus is arranged for the specific dyeing of textile staple fibre cakes, which can be positioned and moved on base decks;
  • Figure 4 is a schematical view, in vertical longitudinal cross-section, of only the dyeing apparatus of the dyeing plant in Figures 1 and 2, wherein this dyeing apparatus is arranged for the specific dyeing of spooled yams arranged radially on a specific ring material-holder device, of the type illustrated in patent document EP 0034390 B 1 in the name of the same applicant;
  • Figures 5A to 5F show, in vertical longitudinal cross-section, respective possible spools of treatable textile fibres, manufactured articles and variously spooled yarns po sitioned on conventional material-holder devices of the single-deck type and specifically: for yams in tapering or cylindrical spools (Figure 5A), for yams in tapering or cylindrical spools and with a buffer vessel for reducing the volume of inerting agent (Figure 5B), for yarns in cakes, slivers, etc.
  • Figures 6A to 6G show, in vertical longitudinal cross-section, respective possible spools of yam, textile fibres, manufactured articles and ready-made garments which can be treated, positioned on traditional material-holder devices of the two-deck type and specifically: for yarns in tapering or cylindrical spools (Figure 6A), for yarns in tapering or cylindrical spools and with a buffer vessel for halving the volume of inerting agent (Figure 6B), for yarn beams for warps, for fabrics, etc., whose height makes it necessary for them to be inserted into the dying apparatus of two-deck material-holder devices (Figure 6C), for yarns in cakes, slivers, etc., ( Figure 6D), per fibres in tops, tow, etc., ( Figure 6E), for slivers, zips, etc.
  • Figure 6A for yarns in tapering or cylindrical spools
  • Figure 6B for yarns in tapering or cylindrical spools and with a buffer vessel for halving the volume of inerting
  • the material-holder devices shown in Figures 3 and 4 can be centrifuged in special hydroextractors, an operation which, limited to a few separate operating cycles, could allow the vacuum suction vessel to be incorporated and/or replaced.
  • these traditional material-holder devices which are well known in the state of the art, normally consist of one or two base plates. Each base plate is hollow and carries a series of vertical rods, arranged interspaced on concentric circles, on each of which the spooled yarns are threaded one on top of the other, forming a stack which is blocked at the top by a cap.
  • the choice of the first and/or second construction version is determined by the need to have the different production quantities required by various specific sectors of use.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 a plant for dyeing textile materials, in particular but not exclusively yam in spools, according to the present invention is shown.
  • the dyeing plant is indicated as a whole by reference numeral 10.
  • the dyeing plant 10 is arranged to carry out the dyeing of textile material S with both indigo and other reducing dyes.
  • the textile material S consists in particular of spools of yam
  • the dyeing plant 10 may also be arranged to carry out the dyeing of other textile products, such as, for example, the cakes of textile staple fibres shown in Figure 3, or variously made-up yarns, and others.
  • the dyeing plant 10 comprises at least one dyeing apparatus 12.
  • This dyeing apparatus 12 is provided with a casing 14, enclosing at least one dyeing compartment 16, and at least one hermetically sealed closing element 18, which is provided on the casing 14 and which allows access to the dyeing compartment 16.
  • at least one material-holder frame 20 which may assume different configurations depending on the type of textile material S, as shown for example in Figure 3, Figure 4 and Figures 5A to 6G.
  • the dyeing plant 10 further comprises at least one tank 24, 26, which contains a predefined amount of at least one dye bath B.
  • a single tank 24 is provided in a first embodiment of the dyeing plant 10, shown in Figure 1, a single tank 24 is provided.
  • at least one second tank 26 in addition to the first tank 24.
  • At least one first hydraulic supply circuit 28 is hydraulically connected to both at least the tank 24 and the dyeing apparatus 12 to feed the dye bath B from the tank 24 to the dyeing compartment 16.
  • At least one second hydraulic return circuit 30 is also hy draulically connected to both at least the tank 24 and the dyeing apparatus 12 to reintroduce into the tank 24 the dye bath B leaving the dyeing compartment 16, as will be further specified below.
  • a plurality of material-holder devices 32 is mounted on the material-holder frame 20, preferably in a removable manner, each of which material-holder devices supports and retains a predefined amount of textile material S, such as a plurality of spooled yarns shown in Figures 1 and 2.
  • the material-holder devices 32 may be inserted into the dyeing compartment 16 and be extracted from said dyeing compartment 16 through the closing element 18, which typically comprises an upper cover.
  • Both the material-holder frame 20 and the material-holder devices 32 are internally provided with respective ducts 34, 36 for supplying the dye bath B.
  • These ducts 34, 36 that is the ducts 34 provided in the material-holder frame 20 and the corresponding ducts 36 provided in the material-holder devices 32, are hydraulically connected to the first hydraulic supply circuit 28 to dynamically and unidirectionally dispense the dye bath B through the textile material S, under pressure and in one direction from inside to outside said textile material S, by means of a plurality of dispensing holes 70 (see Figure 3) provided on the material-holder devices 32.
  • Pressure may be supplied to the dye bath B by one or more pumps 82 provided on the first hydraulic supply circuit 28.
  • the dyeing compartment 16 is then provided with collection means 38, hydraulically connected to the second return hydraulic circuit 30, for collecting the dye bath B that has passed through the textile material S, so that the dye bath B leaving the dyeing compartment 16 is reintroduced into the tank 24 via the second return hydraulic circuit 30. Consequently, the dye bath B is always in circulation within the dyeing com partment 16 or, in other words, no accumulation and/or stagnation of dye bath occurs within the dyeing compartment 16.
  • the dyeing plant 10 according to the present invention is therefore capable of operating with a very low ratio between the weight of the textile material S and the volume of the dye bath B, indicatively equal to 1/4, compared to a value of about 1/10 for dyeing plants according to the prior art.
  • the dyeing plant 10 according to the present invention is also capable of hydro-extracting and oxidising the textile material S directly within itself once it is impregnated with the dye bath B.
  • the dyeing plant 10 comprises at least one vacuum tank 40, which is hy draulically connected both to the dyeing apparatus 12, via at least one vacuum suction hydraulic circuit 42, and to the tank 24, via at least one make-up hydraulic circuit 44.
  • the vacuum tank 40 may be provided with one or more vacuum pumps 72, arranged to generate a pressure condition of less than atmospheric pressure within the vacuum tank 40 itself.
  • the vacuum tank 40 may also be provided with air supply means 76 that may be used, for example, to restore atmospheric pressure within the vacuum tank 40 itself.
  • the vacuum tank 40 is arranged to carry out, by means of vacuum suction, the ex- traction of the dye bath B from the textile material S contained in the dyeing com partment 16, as well as to keep the vacuum extracted dye bath B inside it and to sub sequently send it to the tank 24 by means of the hydraulic make-up circuit 44.
  • the vacuum tank 40 is indispensable for performing the in termediate and final hydro-extractions of the textile material S being processed, in an inert environment and directly inside the dyeing apparatus 12.
  • This vacuum tank 40 is also arranged to oxidise of the dye bath B applied to the textile material S in air at the end of dyeing and by means of air supply means 74 provided on the housing 14 of the dyeing apparatus 12.
  • the dyeing plant 10 is also capable of operating in an inert environment: this is a particular and advantageous ecological technology, described in patent documents EP 1771617 B1 and EP 1971713 B1 in the name of the same applicant.
  • both the housing 14 of the dyeing apparatus 12 and the at least one tank 24, 26 are provided with respective means 46, 48, 50 for the supply of an inert gas N within, respectively, the dyeing compartment 16 and the at least one tank 24, 26 and its respective expulsion means 52, 54, 56.
  • the dye bath B is an indigo-based dye bath and the inert gas N preferably comprises nitrogen.
  • this dyeing plant 10 comprises:
  • Both the first hermetically sealed tank 24 and the second hermetically sealed tank 26, when present, may then be provided with respective means 60, 62 for thermoregulation of the dye bath B.
  • these thermoregulation means 60, 62 for the dye bath B may comprise coils for circulating a thermoregulation fluid. Even more preferably, these coils may be positioned on respective lower and/or lateral outer portions of at least one of the first hermetically sealed tank 24 and the second hermetically sealed tank 26, as shown in Figures 1 and 2.
  • the dyeing apparatus 12 may be internally provided with at least one chamber 64 having the function of a buffer vessel for reducing the volume of the inert gas N within the dyeing compartment 16, as shown for example in Figures 3 and 4.
  • these material-holder devices 32 may be provided with at least one equipment 66 also having the function of a buffer vessel for reducing the capacity and volume of the inert gas N within the dyeing compartment 16.
  • the first hydraulic supply circuit 28 may be provided with respective supply means 68 for the inert gas N, and/or recovery means 78 for the spent dye bath B, which is to be sent, for example, to tanks that are external with respect to the dyeing plant 10, and / or discharge means 80 for possible washing fluids.
  • the collection means 38 for the dye bath B, provided in the dyeing compartment 16, may instead comprise at least one collector which is provided in a lower portion of the housing 14.
  • the dyeing plant 10 according to the present invention may be used only for the purely dyeing phase in the cycle of processing the textile material S, while the remaining initial op erations (soaking, scouring, pre-dyeing, etc.) and final operations (washing, soaping, softening, over-dyeing, etc.) may also be performed in conventional dyeing plant.
  • the dyeing plant 10 according to the present invention is in fact specifically designed to:
  • the fact of operating in an inert environment, preferably under nitrogen, allows the dyeing plant 10 according to the present invention to update the well-known indigo dyeing operating cycle, which essentially consists of three operating phases that are repeated several times (impregnation of the yam with leuco, elimination of the excess of dye bath contained therein and oxidation of the dyed yam).
  • a fourth operational phase can be added to this operational cycle, namely that of diffusion/fixation of the leuco in an inert en vironment, since, when operating under nitrogen, that is in an inert environment, the dye bath B impregnating the spooled yams or the generic textile material S being treated, which are never immersed in this dye bath B in either the phases of circulation or the intermediate phases, not only does not oxidise but, remaining in the leuco state, continues its diffusion and fixation action in the textile fibre.
  • thermoregulation means 60, 62 may be re frigeration means which, for example, allow the dye bath B to be cooled to about 15°C. At this temperature, the indigo dye has the highest affinity with the cellulose fibre, thus obtaining a higher colour yield.
  • the dyeing plant 10 also allows an innovative dyeing method which provides for the following single-phase operating cycle, which is however replicable and executed in a totally automatic way, to be carried out.
  • This method of dyeing is however to be considered indicative and not binding, as it can be adapted to various particular production requirements, as well as to the composition and availability of the colour kitchen and/or other particular equipment.
  • any washing and/or final treatment of the textile material S (which may also be performed in the dyeing machines according to the prior art to increase the productivity of the dyeing plant 10 according to the present invention); m. performing a final vacuum aspiration of the textile material S, if step k) has been carried out; n. removing the material-holder devices 32 with the dyed textile material S from the dyeing compartment 16 for possible centrifuging and final drying.
  • the dyeing plant 10 according to the present invention is not only able to operate according to the particular multiphase operating method specific to indigo dye, but also new special single-phase cycles, all of which can be carried out inside the dyeing apparatus 12, without moving the textile material S, with drastic reductions in the ratio between the weight of the textile material S and the volume of the dye bath B, in the consumption of energy, labour and operating times, chemical products and, above all, water. All in a rational, simple, practical and above all economical and environ mentally sustainable way. Compared to dyeing machines according to the prior art, the dyeing plant 10 according to the present invention is structurally simplified and, while being more complete, practical and rational, is of significantly lower economic commitment.
  • the ratio of the volume of the dye bath to the weight of the textile material is approximately 60% lower than for dyeing machines according to the prior art
  • both the dyeing apparatus 12, which contains the textile material S being treated, and at least the first tank 24 for cir culating and preparing the dye bath B and the inert gas N do not operate under either pressure or vacuum.
  • the vacuum suction system comprising a large vacuum tank 40 with an air pump, does not in fact have the function of initially deaerating the textile material S prior to its being dyed, but rather has the function of dewatering said textile material S after dyeing and passing a large quantity of air through it so that the indigo present in the residual dye bath B impregnating it passes from the leuco state to the oxidised state, thus attaching itself to the textile fibres.
  • the inert environment is not created by simple pressurisation with the inert gas N, but by an automatic mixing system with the internal air which is based on the supply means 46, 48, 50 and the expulsion means 52, 54, 56 for the inert gas N which is arranged to maintain the required percentage of residual oxygen in the various components of the dyeing plant.
  • this dye bath is also always present in the lower tank, which is the one containing the textile spools under treatment.
  • cir culation of the dye bath is always one way and the dye bath is never substantially present in the dyeing apparatus 12.
  • the second tank that is the upper one, is described as having a larger capacity than the lower one, and this, together with the reversal of the direction of circulation of the dye bath, clearly indicates that the various treatments can only be carried out at full volume and therefore with a very high bath/textile spool ratio and without the possibility of adjustment for the possible dyeing and/or treatment of low weight batches.
  • the dyeing plant according to the present invention operates with a bath/yarn ratio that is not only very low, but is also always constant with respect to the weight of the textile material S being treated.
  • the dyeing plant disclosed in US 3775055 A cannot be used at all for indigo dyeing, since this dyeing plant is unable to perform the necessary sequential operating cycle for the indigo dyeing process, that is dyeing, dehydration and oxidation, directly in-house.
  • the dyeing plant according to the present invention performs the entire indigo dyeing process in-house without moving the textile material S, in a simple, rational, functional and environmentally friendly manner.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Coloring (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une installation permettant de teindre un matériau textile, comprenant un appareil de teinture renfermant un compartiment de teinture, un cadre porte-matériau contenu dans le compartiment de teinture, au moins un réservoir contenant un bain de teinture, un circuit d'alimentation hydraulique pour fournir le bain de teinture au compartiment de teinture, un circuit de retour hydraulique pour réintroduire le bain de teinture sortant du compartiment de teinture dans le réservoir, et plusieurs dispositifs porte-matériau tenant le matériau textile, montés sur le cadre porte-matériau. Le bain de teinture est distribué de manière dynamique à travers le matériau textile dans une direction, sous pression et dans une direction allant de l'intérieur vers l'extérieur du matériau textile. Le compartiment de teinture est pourvu de moyens pour collecter le bain de teinture qui est passé à travers le matériau textile et pour le réintroduire dans le réservoir par l'intermédiaire du circuit de retour hydraulique. L'installation de teinture comprend en outre un réservoir sous vide qui extrait le bain de teinture du matériau textile présent dans le compartiment de teinture par aspiration sous vide et qui maintient le bain de teinture extrait sous vide dans celui-ci et l'envoie ensuite au réservoir contenant le bain de teinture. Le compartiment de teinture et le réservoir contiennent un gaz inerte en plus du bain de teinture.
PCT/IB2022/053318 2021-04-29 2022-04-08 Installation pour la teinture écologiquement durable de fil bobiné et de produits textiles similaires, fibres discontinues textiles et divers articles comportant de l'indigo et d'autres colorants réducteurs WO2022229759A1 (fr)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT102021000010871 2021-04-29
IT102021000010871A IT202100010871A1 (it) 2021-04-29 2021-04-29 Impianto per la tintura ecosostenibile, con indaco e altri coloranti a riduzione, di filati avvolti in rocche e confezioni similari, fibre tessili in fiocco e manufatti vari

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WO2022229759A1 true WO2022229759A1 (fr) 2022-11-03

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IT (1) IT202100010871A1 (fr)
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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3775055A (en) * 1971-01-25 1973-11-27 Burlington Industries Inc Process for treating textile materials
US3967923A (en) * 1973-12-01 1976-07-06 Thies Kg Process for the wet treatment of textiles
US4928338A (en) * 1986-03-15 1990-05-29 Mtm Obermaier Gmbh & Co. Kg Process for the wet treatment of textile material

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1140583B (it) 1980-02-13 1986-10-01 Francesco Ronchi Portamateriale per ricche per apparecchi a tingere e candeggiare
ITMI20041553A1 (it) 2004-07-29 2004-10-29 Master Sas Di Ronchi Francesco & C Dispositivo e procedimenti di tintura con indaco e altri coloranti
ITMI20060048A1 (it) 2006-01-13 2007-07-14 Master Sas Di Ronchi Francesco & C Dispositivo e procedimento di tintura con indaco

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3775055A (en) * 1971-01-25 1973-11-27 Burlington Industries Inc Process for treating textile materials
US3967923A (en) * 1973-12-01 1976-07-06 Thies Kg Process for the wet treatment of textiles
US4928338A (en) * 1986-03-15 1990-05-29 Mtm Obermaier Gmbh & Co. Kg Process for the wet treatment of textile material

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