WO2022227128A1

WO2022227128A1 - Circularly polarized antenna

Info

Publication number: WO2022227128A1
Application number: PCT/CN2021/094146
Authority: WO
Inventors: 迟礼东; 漆一宏; 骆云龙
Original assignee: 领翌技术(横琴)有限公司
Priority date: 2021-04-28
Filing date: 2021-05-17
Publication date: 2022-11-03
Also published as: CN115249886A

Abstract

Disclosed is a circularly polarized antenna, comprising a dielectric plate, a metal floor, a first radiating arm, a second radiating arm, a feeding component, a first conductive column, and a second conductive column. The metal floor and the dielectric plate are arranged to be spaced apart from each other. The first radiating arm and the second radiating arm are distributed in a center symmetry mode on the dielectric plate. The feeding component is provided at a symmetrical center location of the first radiating arm and the second radiating arm. The first conductive column and the second conductive column are distributed in a center symmetry mode with respect to the symmetrical center location. The first conductive column is used for electrically connecting the first radiating arm and the metal floor. The second conductive column is used for electrically connecting the second radiating arm and the metal floor. The circularly polarized antenna of the present disclosure can improve the phase stability of an antenna, and can also implement miniaturization of the antenna.

Description

Circularly polarized antenna

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present disclosure claims the priority and rights of the Chinese patent application with application number 202110469921.2 and filing date on April 28, 2021, the entire contents of the above Chinese patent application are hereby incorporated into the present disclosure by reference.

technical field

The present disclosure relates to the technical field of antennas, and in particular, to a circularly polarized antenna.

Background technique

In the related art, the axial ratio and phase stability index of the circularly polarized antenna determine the overall accuracy of antenna positioning, and the positioning accuracy of the current circularly polarized antenna needs to be improved; with the development of technology, the miniaturization of the antenna is also important. put forward higher requirements.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present disclosure aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent.

The embodiment of the present disclosure provides a circularly polarized antenna, which can improve the phase stability of the antenna, improve the positioning accuracy of the antenna, and realize the miniaturization of the antenna.

A circularly polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a dielectric plate; a metal floor, the metal floor is spaced apart from the dielectric plate; a first radiation arm and a second radiation arm, the first radiation arm and the second radiation arm The radiating arms are all arranged on the outer side of the dielectric plate away from the metal floor, and the first radiating arms and the second radiating arms are centrally distributed symmetrically; At the symmetrical center position of the radiation arm and the second radiation arm, the feed has a positive pole and a negative pole, and one of the first radiation arm and the second radiation arm is connected to the positive pole of the feed, The other is connected to the negative electrode of the feed; a first conductive column and a second conductive column, the first conductive column and the second conductive column are symmetrically distributed about the symmetrical center position, and the first conductive column The column and the second conductive column are arranged between the dielectric plate and the metal floor, the first end of the first conductive column is electrically connected to the first radiation arm, and the first end of the first conductive column is electrically connected to the first radiation arm. The second end is electrically connected to the metal floor, the first end of the second conductive column is electrically connected to the second radiation arm, and the second end of the second conductive column is electrically connected to the metal floor connected.

According to the circularly polarized antenna of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the phase stability of the antenna can be improved, the positioning accuracy of the antenna can be improved, and the miniaturization of the antenna can be realized.

In some embodiments, the circularly polarized antenna further includes a parasitic metal sheet, the parasitic metal sheet is provided on the dielectric plate, and the parasitic metal sheet is associated with the first radiation arm, the second radiation arm, The first conductive pillars and the second conductive pillars are arranged at intervals.

In some embodiments, the parasitic metal sheet is provided at a position of a weak potential of the electric field formed by the first radiation arm and the second radiation arm.

In some embodiments, there are a plurality of parasitic metal sheets, the plurality of parasitic metal sheets are arranged on the outer peripheral sides of the first radiation arm and the second radiation arm, and the plurality of parasitic metal sheets are along the The dielectric plates are circumferentially spaced and distributed centrally symmetrically with respect to the central position of symmetry.

In some embodiments, the metal floor is a cavity-backed structure, one side of the metal floor has an opening, and the dielectric plate is provided at the opening position of the metal floor.

In some embodiments, at least a portion of the parasitic metal sheet is connected to the metal floor.

In some embodiments, the circularly polarized antenna further includes a first circuit element and a second circuit element, the first circuit element being connected between the first radiating arm and the first conductive post, the second circuit element A circuit element is connected between the second radiating arm and the second conductive post.

In some embodiments, the first circuit element and the second circuit element are inductors or capacitors or resistors.

In some embodiments, the first radiation arm includes a first segment and a second segment, the width dimension L1 of the first segment is greater than the width dimension L2 of the second segment, and the first segment is located in the second segment. Between the second segment and the first conductive column, the second radiation arm includes a third segment and a fourth segment, the width dimension L3 of the third segment is greater than the width dimension L4 of the fourth segment, and the width dimension L3 of the third segment is larger than the width dimension L4 of the fourth segment. Three segments are located between the fourth segment and the second conductive pillar.

In some embodiments, there are a plurality of the media plates, and the plurality of the media plates are arranged in a stack.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a circularly polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

2 is a top view of a left-hand circularly polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

3 is a top view of a right-hand circularly polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a circularly polarized antenna according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

5 is a top view of a circularly polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 6 is a simulation diagram of an axial ratio of a circularly polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

7 is an electric field distribution diagram of a circularly polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Reference number:

Dielectric plate 1; metal floor 2; first radiation arm 3; first segment 31; second segment 32; second radiation arm 4; third segment 41; fourth segment 42; feed 5; first conductive column 6; The second conductive pillar 7 ; the parasitic metal sheet 8 ; the first circuit element 9 ; the second circuit element 10 .

Detailed ways

Embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary, and are intended to explain the present disclosure and should not be construed as limiting the present disclosure.

As shown in FIG. 1 , a circularly polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a dielectric plate 1 , a metal floor 2 , a first radiation arm 3 , a second radiation arm 4 , a feed 5 , a first conductive column 6 and a second conductive Column 7.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the dielectric board 1 may be a square circuit board. In other embodiments, the dielectric plate 1 may also be a circular plate.

The metal floor 2 is spaced apart from the dielectric board 1 . As shown in FIG. 1 , the metal floor 2 may be a copper plate, the metal floor and the dielectric plate are arranged at intervals in the up-down direction, and the metal floor 2 is provided below the dielectric plate 1 . It can be understood that, in other embodiments, the metal floor 2 may also be a material with low resistance such as copper alloy or aluminum alloy.

The first radiation arm 3 and the second radiation arm 4 are both disposed on the outer side of the dielectric plate 1 away from the metal floor 2 , and the first radiation arm 3 and the second radiation arm 4 are symmetrically distributed in the center. As shown in FIG. 1 , the outer side of the dielectric board is the upper surface of the dielectric board, and both the first radiation arm and the second radiation arm are arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric board. The first radiating arm 3 and the second radiating arm 4 have the same shape, and the first radiating arm 3 and the second radiating arm 4 are symmetrically distributed in the center, and the center of symmetry of the two is the center of the dielectric plate 1 .

The feed 5 is set at the symmetrical center position of the first radiation arm 3 and the second radiation arm 4, the feed 5 has a positive pole and a negative pole, and one of the first radiation arm 3 and the second radiation arm 4 is connected to the feed 5. The positive pole is connected, and the other is connected to the negative pole of the feed 5 .

As shown in FIG. 1 , the feed 5 can be set at the center of the dielectric plate 1 , and the positive pole of the feed 5 is electrically connected to the first radiation arm 3 , and the negative pole of the feed 5 is electrically connected to the second radiation arm 4 . It can be understood that, in other embodiments, the positive pole of the feed 5 may be electrically connected to the second radiation arm 4 , and the negative pole of the feed 5 may be electrically connected to the first radiation arm 3 .

The first conductive pillars 6 and the second conductive pillars 7 are distributed symmetrically about the center of the symmetrical center position. The first conductive pillars 6 and the second conductive pillars 7 are arranged between the dielectric plate 1 and the metal floor 2 . The end is electrically connected to the first radiation arm 3, the second end of the first conductive column 6 is electrically connected to the metal floor 2, the first end of the second conductive column 7 is electrically connected to the second radiation arm 4, and the second conductive column 7 is electrically connected to the second radiation arm 4. The second end of the column 7 is electrically connected to the metal floor 2 .

As shown in FIG. 1 , the first conductive column 6 and the second conductive column 7 have the same shape, the first conductive column 6 and the second conductive column 7 are arranged between the dielectric board 1 and the metal floor 2 , the first conductive column and the The two conductive pillars both extend in the up-down direction. The upper end of the first conductive pillar 6 is electrically connected to the first radiation arm 3 , and the lower end of the first conductive pillar 6 is electrically connected to the metal floor 2 . The upper end of the second electric column is electrically connected to the second radiation arm 4 , and the lower end of the second conductive column 7 is electrically connected to the metal floor 2 . The first conductive column 6 and the second conductive column 7 are center-symmetrical, and their center of symmetry is at the center of the dielectric plate 1 .

According to the circularly polarized antenna of the embodiment of the present disclosure, since the first radiating arm 3 and the second radiating arm 4 are centrally symmetric, the phases of the two mutually perpendicular current components of the electric field generated by the antenna are different by 90 degrees, and the circular pole of the antenna can be realized. change. By adjusting the arrangement orientation of the first radiation arm and the second radiation arm, left-hand circular polarization and right-hand circular polarization can be realized respectively. For example, FIG. Shown is a right-hand circularly polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Since the antenna and the metal floor 2 are electrically connected through the first conductive column 6 and the second conductive column 7, the resonance size of the antenna can be increased, thereby realizing the miniaturization of the antenna, and also reducing the deterioration of the antenna pattern caused by the unbalanced feed 5. , has better port matching, has better axle ratio. Since the structure of the antenna is symmetrical, the phase stability of the antenna can also be improved, thereby improving the positioning accuracy of the antenna. As shown in Figure 6, the abscissa in Figure 6 represents the bandwidth and the ordinate represents the axial ratio. The antenna achieves an axial ratio of less than 3dB within the bandwidth; at the same time, the phase stability of the antenna achieves an accuracy of plus or minus 0.5 mm, compared to The accuracy of the prior art is plus or minus 2 mm, and the effect of improving the accuracy is obvious.

In some embodiments, the circularly polarized antenna further includes a parasitic metal sheet 8 . The parasitic metal sheet 8 is provided on the dielectric plate 1 , and the parasitic metal sheet 8 is connected to the first radiation arm 3 , the second radiation arm 4 and the first conductive column. 6. The second conductive pillars 7 are arranged at intervals.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the parasitic metal sheet 8 can be provided on the upper surface of the dielectric board 1 , and the parasitic metal sheet 8 is connected to the first radiation arm 3 , the second radiation arm 4 , the first conductive column 6 and the second conductive column 7 . spaced arrangement. The parasitic metal sheet 8 can reduce the current attenuation of the antenna, realize the uniform radiation of the antenna aperture, reduce the fluctuation range of the antenna phase center, improve the axial ratio characteristic of the wide pitch angle, and improve the phase stability.

Preferably, the parasitic metal sheet 8 is provided at the position of the weak potential of the electric field formed by the first radiation arm 3 and the second radiation arm 4 .

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 7 , when the circularly polarized antenna is running, the electric field strength on the first radiation arm and the second radiation arm is relatively strong, and the electric field in the space on the peripheral side of the first radiation arm and the second radiation arm is relatively weak and At the weak potential position of the electric field, the parasitic metal sheet 8 is set at the weak electric potential position of the circularly polarized antenna, and the effect of reducing the current attenuation of the antenna is obvious, and the diameter of the antenna radiates more uniformly.

In some embodiments, there are multiple parasitic metal sheets 8 , the multiple parasitic metal sheets 8 are arranged on the outer peripheral sides of the first radiation arm 3 and the second radiation arm 4 , and the multiple parasitic metal sheets 8 are along the circumference of the dielectric plate 1 . They are spaced apart and distributed centrally symmetrically about the central position of the symmetry.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1 , there are four parasitic metal sheets 8 , and the four parasitic metal sheets 8 are distributed on the outer peripheral sides of the first radiation arm 3 and the second radiation arm 4 , and the four parasitic metal sheets 8 are arranged along the dielectric plate 1 . are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the dielectric plate, and are respectively set at the diagonal positions of the dielectric plate, wherein the two parasitic metal sheets distributed at any diagonal are symmetrically distributed with respect to the center of the dielectric plate. In some embodiments, there may be 2, 6, etc. of the parasitic metal sheets 8 .

In some embodiments, the metal floor 2 is of a cavity-back type, one side of the metal floor 2 has an opening, and the dielectric plate 1 is provided at the opening position of the metal floor 2 .

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4 , the metal floor is in the shape of a square box, and the metal bottom plate includes a square bottom plate and four side plates, and the four side plates are all at the four edge positions of the square bottom plate, and any two adjacent side plates are connected. The metal floor 2 has an opening on one side, and the dielectric board 1 is fastened to the opening of the metal floor 2 by means of a snap fit. Both the first conductive column 6 and the second conductive column 7 are electrically connected to the square bottom plate of the metal floor. The metal floor 2 is cavity-backed, which can improve the structural strength of the antenna.

In some embodiments, at least part of the parasitic metal sheet 8 is connected to the metal floor 2 .

As shown in FIG. 4 , there are multiple parasitic metal sheets 8 and surround the outer peripheral sides of the first radiation arm and the second radiation arm. One side of the parasitic metal sheet 8 is flush with the edge of the dielectric plate 1 and is aligned with the corresponding metal The side panels of the floor are connected. The parasitic metal sheet 8 can improve the axial ratio of the wide pitch angle of the antenna.

In some embodiments, the circularly polarized antenna further includes a first circuit element 9 and a second circuit element 10, the first circuit element 9 is connected between the first radiating arm 3 and the first conductive column 6, and the second circuit element 10 Connected between the second radiation arm 4 and the second conductive column 7 .

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1 , the first circuit element 9 is connected between the first radiation arm 3 and the first conductive column 6 , and the second circuit element 10 is connected between the second radiation arm 4 and the second conductive column 7 . The first circuit element 9 and the second circuit element 10 may be resistors. The first circuit element 9 and the second circuit element 10 can achieve miniaturization of the antenna by losing reflected waves. In other embodiments, the first circuit element 9 and the second circuit element 10 can also be capacitors or inductors, and the miniaturization of the antenna can be realized by making the circularly polarized antenna work in a lower frequency band.

In some embodiments, the first radiation arm 3 includes a first segment 31 and a second segment 32 , the width dimension L1 of the first segment 31 is greater than the width dimension L2 of the second segment 32 , and the first segment 31 is located between the second segment 32 and the second segment 32 . Between the first conductive pillars 6, the second radiation arm 4 includes a third segment 41 and a fourth segment 42, the width dimension L3 of the third segment 41 is greater than the width dimension L4 of the fourth segment 42, and the third segment 41 is located in the fourth segment 42 and the second conductive column 7 .

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5 , the width dimension L1 of the first segment 31 is greater than the width dimension L2 of the second segment 32 , the second segment 32 is located at the end of the first radiation arm 3 away from the first conductive column 6 , and the first segment 31 One end is connected to the second segment 32 , and the other end is electrically connected to the first conductive column 6 . The fourth segment 42 is located at one end of the second radiation arm 4 away from the second conductive column 7 , one end of the third segment 41 is connected to the fourth segment 42 , and the other end is electrically connected to the fourth conductive column. The arrangement of the first segment 31 and the second segment 32 and the third segment 41 and the fourth segment 42 can make the central symmetry of the first radiation arm 3 and the second radiation arm 4 obvious.

In some embodiments, there are multiple dielectric boards 1, and the multiple dielectric boards 1 are stacked.

Multilayer dielectric boards 1 are stacked and arranged. The multilayer dielectric board 1 can be simply divided into an upper layer, a middle layer, and a lower layer. The parasitic metal sheet 8 is provided on the upper layer of the dielectric board 1 . It can be understood that the parasitic metal sheet 8 can also be provided on the middle layer or the lower layer of the dielectric board 1 .

In the description of the present disclosure, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", " Rear, Left, Right, Vertical, Horizontal, Top, Bottom, Inner, Outer, Clockwise, Counterclockwise, Axial, The orientations or positional relationships indicated by "radial direction", "circumferential direction", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying the indicated devices or elements It must have, be constructed, and operate in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present disclosure.

In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature delimited with "first", "second" may expressly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of the present disclosure, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless expressly and specifically defined otherwise.

In the present disclosure, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and other terms should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection or can communicate with each other; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two components or the interaction relationship between the two components, unless otherwise expressly qualified. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present disclosure can be understood according to specific situations.

In the present disclosure, unless expressly stated and defined otherwise, a first feature "on" or "under" a second feature may be in direct contact with the first and second features, or indirectly through an intermediary between the first and second features touch. Also, the first feature being "above", "over" and "above" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "below", "below" and "below" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a lower level than the second feature.

In the description of this specification, description with reference to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples", etc., mean specific features described in connection with the embodiment or example , structures, materials, or features are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of the different embodiments or examples, without conflicting each other.

Although the embodiments of the present disclosure have been shown and described above, it should be understood that the above-described embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limitations of the present disclosure, and those of ordinary skill in the art may interpret the above-described embodiments within the scope of the present disclosure. Embodiments are subject to variations, modifications, substitutions and variations.

Claims

A circularly polarized antenna, comprising:

media board;

a metal floor, the metal floor and the dielectric board are arranged at intervals;

a first radiation arm and a second radiation arm, the first radiation arm and the second radiation arm are both arranged on the outer side of the dielectric plate away from the metal floor, and the first radiation arm and the The center of the second radiating arm is symmetrically distributed;

Feeding, the feeding is set at the symmetrical center position of the first radiating arm and the second radiating arm, the feeding has a positive pole and a negative pole, the first radiating arm and the second radiating arm One of them is connected to the positive pole of the feed, and the other is connected to the negative pole of the feed;

A first conductive column and a second conductive column, the first conductive column and the second conductive column are symmetrically distributed with respect to the symmetrical center position, and the first conductive column and the second conductive column are arranged on the Between the dielectric plate and the metal floor, the first end of the first conductive column is electrically connected to the first radiation arm, and the second end of the first conductive column is electrically connected to the metal floor, The first end of the second conductive column is electrically connected to the second radiation arm, and the second end of the second conductive column is electrically connected to the metal floor.
The circularly polarized antenna according to claim 1, further comprising a parasitic metal sheet, the parasitic metal sheet is arranged on the dielectric plate, and the parasitic metal sheet is connected to the first radiation arm, the The second radiation arm, the first conductive column, and the second conductive column are all arranged at intervals.
The circularly polarized antenna according to claim 2, wherein the parasitic metal sheet is provided at a position of a weak electric potential of the electric field formed by the first radiation arm and the second radiation arm.
The circularly polarized antenna according to claim 3, wherein there are a plurality of parasitic metal sheets, and a plurality of the parasitic metal sheets are provided on the outer peripheral sides of the first radiation arm and the second radiation arm , a plurality of the parasitic metal sheets are spaced apart along the circumference of the dielectric plate and distributed centrally symmetrically with respect to the symmetrical center position.
The circularly polarized antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the metal floor is a cavity-back type, one side of the metal floor has an opening, and the dielectric plate is provided on the metal floor the opening position.
The circularly polarized antenna according to claims 1-5, wherein at least part of the parasitic metal sheet is connected to the metal floor.
The circularly polarized antenna according to any one of claims 1-6, further comprising a first circuit element and a second circuit element, wherein the first circuit element is connected between the first radiation arm and the between the first conductive pillars, and the second circuit element is connected between the second radiation arm and the second conductive pillar.
The circularly polarized antenna according to claim 7, wherein the first circuit element and the second circuit element are inductors, capacitors or resistors.
The circularly polarized antenna according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein the first radiation arm comprises a first segment and a second segment, and the width dimension L1 of the first segment is greater than the width dimension L1 of the first segment. The width dimension L2 of the second segment, the first segment is located between the second segment and the first conductive column, the second radiation arm includes a third segment and a fourth segment, the width of the third segment The dimension L3 is greater than the width dimension L4 of the fourth segment, and the third segment is located between the fourth segment and the second conductive pillar.
The circularly polarized antenna according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, there are a plurality of the dielectric plates, and the plurality of the dielectric plates are stacked and arranged.