WO2022226959A1 - 联动机构、底座及电涌保护装置 - Google Patents

联动机构、底座及电涌保护装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022226959A1
WO2022226959A1 PCT/CN2021/091301 CN2021091301W WO2022226959A1 WO 2022226959 A1 WO2022226959 A1 WO 2022226959A1 CN 2021091301 W CN2021091301 W CN 2021091301W WO 2022226959 A1 WO2022226959 A1 WO 2022226959A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
surge protection
linkage
transmission
electrode
force
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/091301
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈科企
翟春坡
刘贞会
Original Assignee
上海辰竹防雷科技有限公司
上海辰竹仪表有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 上海辰竹防雷科技有限公司, 上海辰竹仪表有限公司 filed Critical 上海辰竹防雷科技有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2021/091301 priority Critical patent/WO2022226959A1/zh
Priority to EP21938437.7A priority patent/EP4333231A1/en
Priority to US18/288,982 priority patent/US20240222966A1/en
Publication of WO2022226959A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022226959A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
    • H02H9/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
    • H02H9/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
    • H02H9/049—Circuit arrangements for limiting the number of protection devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/32—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts
    • H01H3/46—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts using rod or lever linkage, e.g. toggle
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/02—Housings; Casings; Bases; Mountings
    • H01H71/025—Constructional details of housings or casings not concerning the mounting or assembly of the different internal parts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H83/00—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current
    • H01H83/10—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current operated by excess voltage, e.g. for lightning protection

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of overvoltage and overcurrent protection, in particular to a linkage mechanism, a base and a surge protection device.
  • Lightning is one of the top ten natural disasters. With the advancement of technology, devices are getting smarter and more integrated, and are more and more sensitive to transient overvoltages - surges caused by lightning. In addition, the start and stop of high-power equipment will also generate power surges.
  • Surge protectors (or surge protection devices) can prevent damage to equipment due to surges, and are widely used in communications, construction, rail transit, electric power, new energy, petrochemical and other industries. When a peak current or voltage is generated in the electrical circuit line due to lightning strikes or external interference, the surge protector can be turned on in a very short time, discharge the current, and limit the voltage to a lower level, thereby avoiding surge damage. damage to other equipment in the circuit.
  • the surge protector used in the power distribution system includes a surge protection module and a base, the surge protection module is plugged into the base, and the surge protection module is provided with a varistor and circuit welding, and the varistor is working normally It has a very large resistance, which is equivalent to an open circuit state, and when the voltage in the circuit exceeds a predetermined value, its resistance drops sharply, and it is in a conductive state, which can discharge a large amount of current and limit the overvoltage level.
  • the varistor will gradually age, the leakage current will gradually increase, the thermal balance will be destroyed, and the product temperature will continue to rise.
  • a thermal protection tripping device is usually installed in the surge protector to disconnect the varistor from the welding of the circuit when the temperature rises. After the circuit is disconnected, the surge protector has failed and will lose its protective effect on the device. There is a status indicator on the failed surge protector to prompt maintenance personnel to replace it in time.
  • a remote signaling device is usually designed on the base of the surge protector to realize remote indication of the failure state of the surge protector.
  • a remote signaling device needs to be set corresponding to each surge protection module, which not only leads to the structure of the surge protection module It is complex, bulky, and has the problems of long production cycle and high cost.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems of complex structure, large volume, long production cycle and high cost of the current surge protector.
  • the present invention provides a linkage mechanism, the linkage mechanism includes a linkage pendulum rod and a transmission component;
  • the linkage swing rod is configured to be rotatably connected, and the linkage swing rod is provided with a trigger portion that can trigger the switch when rotating, and at least two force-receiving portions spaced on one side of the rotation axis of the linkage swing rod ;
  • one of the transmission components is provided corresponding to each of the force-receiving parts, and the transmission components are arranged so that any one of the transmission components exerts a thrust on the force-receiving part to make the linkage swing rod rotate,
  • the trigger portion triggers the switch.
  • the trigger portion and the force-receiving portion are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the linkage rocker.
  • the transmission component includes a transmission main body and a spring connected with the transmission main body;
  • the transmission main body part is set so that when the transmission main body part is restricted by the pressure action, the transmission main body part does not apply a thrust force to the linkage swing rod, and the spring is pressed to a contracted state by the transmission main body part, and in the When the transmission main body part is released from the pressure, the spring pushes the transmission main body part to move through elastic force, and pushes the force-receiving part of the linkage pendulum rod to push the transmission main body part through the movement of the transmission main body part.
  • the linkage lever rotates.
  • the transmission components include
  • the intermediate part is configured as the force-receiving part for pushing the linkage swing rod;
  • the first cylinder is located on the side of the intermediate part facing the force-receiving part, and the first cylinder is configured to bear the pressure away from the force-receiving part;
  • a second cylinder the second cylinder is disposed on the side of the intermediate portion away from the force-receiving portion, and the spring is sleeved on the second cylinder.
  • a base for a surge protection device the base is provided with a plug hole for plugging a pin of a surge protection module, and further includes a base for indicating the surge A remote signaling mechanism to protect the working state of the module;
  • the remote signaling mechanism includes a micro switch and the above-mentioned linkage mechanism
  • the surge protection module is configured to be linked with the transmission main part of the linkage mechanism, and the surge protection module is in a failed state
  • the linkage pendulum triggers the micro switch, and the micro switch sends out an instruction to the electrical Signal that the surge protection module fails.
  • a remote signaling terminal block and a remote signaling connection terminal for connecting with the remote signaling terminal block are further provided on the base, wherein the remote signaling terminal block is connected with the micro switch so as to pass through the remote signaling terminal block.
  • the remote signaling terminal base and the remote signaling connection terminal transmit the signal sent by the micro switch remotely.
  • the surge protection device includes at least two surge protection modules and the above-mentioned base, each of the surge protection modules is inserted into all the surge protection modules through pins. in the insertion hole of the base, wherein each of the transmission main parts on the base corresponds to one of the surge protection modules;
  • the transmission main part corresponding to the surge protection module pushes the linkage swing rod to rotate, and the linkage swing rod triggers the micro switch.
  • each of the surge protection modules includes a carrier, a varistor mounted on a first side of the carrier, and an electrode connector mounted on a second side of the carrier, the varistor mounted on a second side of the carrier
  • a first electrode and a second electrode are arranged thereon, a first pin for plugging is arranged on the first electrode, and the second electrode is welded with the electrode connector through the electrode via hole on the carrier,
  • the electrode connector is provided with a second pin for plugging;
  • the surge protection module further includes a tripping mechanism, the tripping mechanism includes a rotating body and a potential storage spring, and the rotating body is rotatably mounted on the second side of the carrier; wherein the electrode connecting piece When the second electrode is in the welding state, the rotating body is limited to the first position, and the accumulating spring is arranged between the rotating body and the carrier and is in a compressed or stretched accumulating state , when the solder between the electrode connector and the second electrode is melted, the accumulating spring drives the rotating body to rotate to the second position through elastic force, and in the second position, the rotating body rotates to blocking the connection between the electrode connector and the second electrode;
  • a limiting surface is formed on the rotating body, and when the rotating body is in the first position, the limiting surface of the rotating body is pressed on the transmission main body part in the base, so that the transmission main body part is in the position.
  • the spring on the transmission main body is compressed between the transmission main body and the base, the micro switch sends out a first state signal; the rotating body rotates to the second position
  • the transmission main body part is released from the pressure of the rotating body, the transmission main body part moves under the elastic force of the spring, and the transmission main body part pushes the corresponding force-receiving part to make the linkage pendulum
  • the trigger part triggers the micro switch when it rotates, and the micro switch sends out the second state signal.
  • only one micro switch can be provided to send a module failure signal when any surge protection module fails, and there is no need to set a micro switch corresponding to each surge protection module, which not only simplifies the electrical
  • the structure of the surge protection device can be reduced in size and cost.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a linkage mechanism having two force-receiving parts according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a linkage mechanism with four force-receiving parts according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a base of a surge protection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that the base is in the separated state
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the remote signaling mechanism being installed in the base
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of two surge protection modules being plugged into a base
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of four surge protection modules being plugged into the base
  • Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram that the remote signaling mechanism is installed in the base shown in Fig. 7;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the surge protection module (the tripping mechanism is in the first state);
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the surge protection module (the tripping mechanism is in the second state);
  • Fig. 11 is the schematic diagram that the varistor is installed on the carrier
  • Figure 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a varistor viewed from one side
  • 13 is a schematic diagram of the second electrode of the varistor at the electrode via hole of the carrier;
  • Figure 14 is a schematic view of the cutaway structure of the surge protection device (in a normal working state);
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the cutaway structure of the surge protection device (in a failed state).
  • 1-surge protection module 11-shell; 111-status display hole; 12-carrying frame; 121-electrode via hole; 122-rotating shaft; 123-first spring connection part; 124-first state indicating part; 125 - Positioning post; 126 - via hole; 127 - first support part; 128 - second support part; 13 - varistor; 131 - first electrode; 1311 - first pin; 132 - second electrode; 1321 - Welding part; 14-electrode connector; 141-second pin; 142-welding end; 143-positioning slot; 15-rotating part; 151-limiting surface; 152-second state indicator; 154-arc shield; 155-Second spring connection part; 16-Power spring; 2-Base; 21-Top cover; 211-Open hole; 212-Wiring hole; 22-Installation body; 23-Micro switch; 24-Linked rocker; 241-actuating part; 242-stressing part; 243-rot
  • Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • Example embodiments can be embodied in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of example embodiments to those skilled in the art.
  • the drawings are merely schematic illustrations of the present disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale.
  • the same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar parts, and thus their repeated descriptions will be omitted.
  • spatially relative terms such as “upper,” “lower,” “left,” “right,” etc. may be used herein to describe the relationship of one element or feature shown in the figures to another element or feature . It should be understood that, in addition to the orientation shown in the figures, spatial terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as “below” other elements or features would then be oriented “above” the other elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term “lower” can encompass both upper and lower positions. The device may also be otherwise oriented, such as rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations, and the spatially relative descriptions used herein are to be interpreted accordingly.
  • the present invention provides a linkage mechanism, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the linkage mechanism includes a linkage pendulum rod 24 and a transmission component;
  • the linkage swing rod 24 is configured to be rotatably connected. As shown in FIG. 1 , the linkage swing rod 24 is provided with a rotating shaft 243 through which it can be rotatably connected with other structures.
  • the linkage swing rod 24 is provided with a trigger portion 241 capable of triggering a switch when rotating, and at least two force-receiving portions 242 spaced apart on one side of the rotation axis of the linkage swing rod 24;
  • one of the transmission components is provided corresponding to each of the force-receiving parts 242 , and the transmission components are arranged such that when any one of the transmission components exerts a thrust on the force-receiving part 242 , the linkage pendulum can be caused to The lever 24 is rotated so that the trigger portion 241 triggers the switch.
  • FIG. 1 shows that the linkage swing rod 24 is provided with two force-receiving parts 242, and
  • FIG. 2 shows that the linkage swing rod 24 is provided with four force-receiving parts 242.
  • Corresponding to each force-receiving part 242 is respectively provided with a transmission component.
  • the linkage pendulum provided by the present invention is suitable for use in the remote signaling mechanism of the surge protection device.
  • any one of the surge protection modules fails. (that is, when the varistor in the surge protection module is disconnected from the circuit), the tripping mechanism in the surge protection module 1 acts, and the tripping mechanism action is transmitted to the transmission components corresponding to the surge protection module 1.
  • the transmission component pushes a corresponding force-receiving part 242 of the linkage rocker 24 , so that the linkage rocker 24 rotates to trigger a switch (usually a micro switch) to send a signal that the surge protection module fails.
  • the linkage mechanism provided by the present invention is arranged in the surge protection device, and only one micro switch can be arranged to send a module failure signal when any surge protection module fails, without corresponding to each surge protection module.
  • Setting a micro switch can not only simplify the structure of the surge protection device, reduce the volume, but also reduce the cost.
  • the triggering portion 241 and the force receiving portion 242 are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the linkage swing rod 24 .
  • the force receiving portion 242 is turned over in one direction (eg, upward)
  • the trigger portion 241 is turned over in the opposite direction (eg, downward), so that the trigger portion 241 triggers the switch.
  • the transmission component includes a transmission main body part 25 and a spring 26 connected with the transmission main body part 25;
  • the transmission main body part 25 is set so that when the transmission main body part 25 is restricted by the action of pressure, when downward pressure is applied to the transmission main body frame 25 as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.
  • the linkage rocker 24 exerts a thrust force, and the spring 26 is pressed to a contracted state by the transmission main body 25.
  • the spring 26 pushes the transmission main body by elastic force. 25 moves (upward movement in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 ), and the movement of the transmission main body 25 exerts a pushing force on the force-receiving part 242 of the linkage swing rod 24 to push the linkage swing rod 24 to rotate.
  • the transmission main body 25 includes:
  • the intermediate portion 251 is configured to push the force-receiving portion 242 of the linkage swing rod 24 ;
  • the first cylinder 252 is located on the side of the middle part 251 facing the force-receiving part, and the first cylinder 252 is configured to withstand the direction away from the force-receiving part 242. pressure;
  • the second cylinder 253 is disposed on the other side of the middle portion 251 , and the spring 26 is sleeved on the second cylinder 253 .
  • the middle part 251 is separated from the force-receiving part 242 of the linkage swing rod 24 , so as to avoid pushing the linkage swing rod 24 to rotate, while being sleeved on the second cylinder 253
  • the upper spring 26 is pressed to contract by the middle portion 251 .
  • the middle portion 251 moves toward the force-receiving portion 242 under the elastic force of the spring 26 , so that the middle portion 251 pushes the corresponding force-bearing portion 251 to link the swing rod 24 turn.
  • a base 2 for a surge protection device is also provided, the base 2 is provided with plug holes for plugging the pins of the surge protection module 1, and further includes a base 2 for indicating the The remote signaling mechanism of the working state of the surge protection module 1;
  • FIGS 3 and 4 are schematic views of the structure of the base 2
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view of two surge protection film blocks 1 being plugged on the base 2
  • Figures 5 and 8 are schematic views of a remote signaling mechanism installed on the base
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of inserting four surge protection modules on the base 2 .
  • the remote signaling mechanism includes a micro switch 23 and the above-mentioned linkage mechanism, and the surge protection module 1 is configured to be linked with the transmission main body 25 of the linkage mechanism, in which When a surge protection module 1 is in a failed state, the corresponding transmission main body 25 pushes the linkage swing rod 24 to rotate under the elastic force of the spring 26, the linkage swing rod 24 triggers the micro switch 23, and the micro switch 23 sends out an indication electric power. Signal that the surge protection device has failed.
  • the base 2 includes an installation main body 22 and an upper cover 21 covering the installation main body 22 , and the upper cover 21 can be fixed on the installation main body 22 by snap connection or other means.
  • a first wiring board 27 and a second wiring board 28 are installed on the installation body 22, and a limit groove can be provided on the installation body 22 to limit the first wiring board 28 and the second wiring board 29.
  • the two wiring boards 29 are respectively provided with insertion holes for the two pins of each surge protection module 1 to be plugged in, and the upper cover 21 is provided with the first wiring board 27 and the second wiring board 28
  • the holes 211 corresponding to the jacks, the jacks on the first wiring board 27 and the second wiring board 28 and the corresponding holes 211 on the upper cover 21 form plug holes for plugging the pins of the surge protection module 1
  • the first wiring board 27 and the second wiring board 28 are respectively electrically connected to the circuit through the crimping frame 29 and the bolts provided on it.
  • the two terminal blocks 28 are electrically connected.
  • the micro switch 23 in the remote signaling mechanism is fixedly installed on the installation body 22 of the base 2;
  • the actuating portion 241 corresponds to the micro switch 23 , and a transmission main body 25 is respectively disposed corresponding to each force receiving portion 242 of the linkage swing rod 24 , and a spring 26 is arranged between the transmission main body 25 and the installation main body 22 .
  • the connection between the transmission main body 25 and the spring 26 is shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the first cylinder 252 of the transmission main body 25 protrudes upward from the housing 21 of the base 2 (as shown in FIG.
  • the tripping mechanism in the surge protection module 1 can exert pressure on the first main body 252, and when the surge protection module 1 fails and the tripping mechanism changes state, the pressure acting on the transmission main body 25 is eliminated,
  • the transmission main part 25 moves upward under the elastic force of the spring 26, so that the middle part 251 on the transmission main part 25 pushes the force receiving part 242 of the linkage swing rod 24 upward, and the linkage swing rod 24 rotates so that the trigger part 241 triggers the micro switch 23.
  • the linkage swing rods 24 installed on the base in FIG. 5 correspond to two transmission main body parts 25
  • the linkage swing rods 24 installed on the base in FIG. 8 correspond to four transmission main body parts 25 .
  • the base 2 is further provided with a remote signaling terminal block 3 and a remote signaling connection terminal 4 for connecting with the remote signaling terminal block 3 , wherein the remote signaling terminal block 3 is connected with the micro-communication terminal block 3 .
  • the remote signal switch 23 is connected to the remote signal terminal block 3 and the remote signal connection terminal 4 to remotely transmit the signal sent by the micro switch 23 .
  • a surge protection device comprising a surge protection module 1 and the base 2 as described above;
  • Each of the surge protection modules 1 is inserted into the socket holes of the base 2 through pins, wherein each of the transmission main parts 25 on the base 2 corresponds to one of the surge protection modules 1 respectively;
  • the transmission main body 25 corresponding to the surge protection module 1 pushes the linkage rocker 24 to rotate, and the linkage rocker 24 triggers the micro-motion switch 23.
  • each of the surge protection modules 1 includes a carrier 12 , a varistor 13 mounted on the first side of the carrier 12 , and a varistor 13 mounted on the carrier 12 .
  • the varistor 13 On the electrode connector 14 on the second side, the varistor 13 is provided with a first electrode 131 and a second electrode 1323.
  • the structure of the varistor 13 is shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 , the first electrode 131 is provided with a first pin 1311 for plugging, the second electrode 132 is welded with the electrode connector 14 through the electrode via 121 on the carrier 12, wherein the second electrode 132 is provided with a direction toward The welding portion 1321 of the electrode via hole 121 is raised (refer to FIGS.
  • the positioning column 125 is positioned on the carrier frame 12, and the electrode connector 14 is provided with a second pin 141 for insertion; the first pin 1311 and the second pin 141 are used for inserting into the insertion hole of the base .
  • the surge protection module further includes a tripping mechanism, the tripping mechanism includes a rotating body 15 and an accumulating spring 16, and the rotating body 15 is rotatably installed on the second side of the carrier 12 through a rotating shaft 122; Wherein, when the electrode connecting member 14 and the second electrode 132 are in the welding state, the rotating body 15 is restricted to the first position, and the accumulating spring 16 is arranged on the rotating body 15 and the carrier frame 12 and is in a compressed or stretched state. Specifically, one end of the accumulating spring 16 is connected to the first spring connecting portion 123 of the carrier 12, and the other end is connected to the second spring connecting portion of the rotating body 15. 155 on.
  • the accumulating spring 16 drives the rotating body 15 to rotate to the second position through the elastic force.
  • the rotating body 15 is rotated to block the connection between the electrode connector 14 and the second electrode 132; wherein, the rotating body 15 is provided with an arc-blocking plate 154, and in the second position, the rotating body
  • the arc blocking plate 154 on the 15 is just located at the electrode via hole 121, which realizes the arc extinguishing function, and at the same time cuts off the possible solder adhesion, so that the tripping is more reliable.
  • a limiting surface 151 is formed on the rotating body 15 , and the first cylinder 252 of the transmission main body 25 in the base 2 penetrates upwards through the upper cover 21 of the base 2 and passes through the The via hole 126 is in contact with the limiting surface 151.
  • the rotating body 151 is in the first position, the limiting surface 151 of the rotating body 15 presses on the first cylinder 252 of the transmission main body 25, so that all The transmission main body 25 is in a compressed state, the spring 26 is compressed between the transmission main body 25 and the base 2 , and the micro switch 23 sends a first state signal.
  • the transmission main body 25 is released from the pressure of the rotating body 15 , and the transmission main body 25 is in the spring. 26 moves under the action of the elastic force, the transmission main body 15 pushes the corresponding force-receiving part 242 to make the linkage rocker 24 rotate, and the triggering part 241 triggers the micro-switch 23 when it rotates, so The micro switch 23 sends the second state signal.
  • the surge protection module 1 further includes a casing 11. As shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, the casing 11 is provided with a status display hole 111; When the rotating body 15 is in the first position, the state display hole 111 displays the first state indicating part 124, indicating that the surge protection module 1 is in a normal working state; The second state indicating part 152, when the rotating body 15 rotates to the second position, the state display hole 111 displays the second state indicating part 152, indicating that the surge protection module 1 is in a failure state.
  • the tripping mechanism in the surge protection module 1 that cooperates with the base 2 is not limited to the structural form described above in this embodiment, and other forms are provided in the electrode connector 14 and the first When the solder between the two electrodes 132 is melted, a tripping mechanism that can change the state to isolate the electrode connector 14 from the second electrode 132 can be used.
  • a spring is arranged between the carrier frames 12. When the electrode connector 14 and the second electrode 132 are in a welded state, the translation member is limited to the first position, and the spring is in a compressed or stretched state. When the welding is melted, the translation member is in the Under the action of the elastic force of the spring, the electrode connector 14 is moved to the welding portion of the second electrode 132 for isolation.
  • the transmission components in the linkage mechanism linked with the surge protection module are not limited to the structural form shown in FIG. 1, and other transmission components can be triggered to act when the tripping mechanism changes states. , so that any structure in which the transmission component pushes the linkage rocker rod 24 is acceptable.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种联动机构、底座及电涌保护装置，所述联动机构包括联动摆杆和传动部件；所述联动摆杆设置为可转动连接，所述联动摆杆上设置有在转动时能够触动开关的触动部以及在所述联动摆杆的转动轴线的一侧间隔设置的至少两个受力部；其中，对应每个所述受力部分别设置有一个所述传动部件，所述传动部件设置为其中的任意一个所述传动部件对所述受力部施加推力能够使得所述联动摆杆转动，从而所述触动部触动所述开关。在电涌保护装置中采用本发明提供的联动机构，可以在仅设置一个微动开关的情况下即可在任意一个电涌保护模块失效时发出模块失效信号，不仅可以简化电涌保护装置的结构，缩小体积，而且还可以减小成本。

Description

联动机构、底座及电涌保护装置 技术领域
本发明涉及过电压、过电流保护技术领域，尤其涉及一种联动机构、底座及电涌保护装置。
背景技术
雷电是十大自然灾害之一。随着技术的进步，设备越来越智能，集成度越来越高，对雷电引起的瞬时过电压——电涌越来越敏感。另外，大功率设备的启停也会产生电涌。电涌保护器(或电涌保护装置)可防止电涌对设备的损坏，广泛应用于通信、建筑、轨交、电力、新能源、石油化工等行业。当电气回路线路中因为雷击或外界的干扰产生尖峰电流或者电压时，电涌保护器可以在极短的时间内导通，泄放电流，将电压限制到较低的水平，从而避免电涌对回路中其他设备造成损害。
用于配电系统的电涌保护器包括电涌保护模块以及底座，电涌保护模块插接于底座上，电涌保护模块中设置有压敏电阻器与电路焊接，压敏电阻器在正常工作情况下具有非常大的电阻，相当于断路状态，而在电路中的电压超过预定值时，其电阻急剧下降，处于导通状态，可泄放大量电流，限制过电压水平。但是，在长时间使用之后，压敏电阻器会逐步老化，漏电流逐步增大，破坏热平衡，导致产品温度不断升高。为了防止压敏电阻器由于过热引起火灾事故，通常在电涌保护器中设置热保护脱扣装置，用于在温度升高时将压敏电阻器与电路的焊接脱开，压敏电阻器与电路脱开后，电涌保护器即已失效，将失去对设备的保护作用。失效的电涌保护器上设有状态指示，以提示维护人员及时更换。
而在一些无人值守的场合，通常在电涌保护器的底座上设计遥信装置， 实现电涌保护器失效状态的远程指示。
目前，一个电涌保护器中，在底座上通常会插接两个或更多个电涌保护模块，而对应每个电涌保护模块需要设置一个遥信装置，这样不仅导致电涌保护模块结构复杂、体积大，而且还存在生产周期长以及成本高的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是解决目前的电涌保护器结构复杂、体积大、生产周期长以及成本高等问题。
为了实现上述目的，本发明提供一种联动机构，所述联动机构包括联动摆杆和传动部件；
所述联动摆杆设置为可转动连接，所述联动摆杆上设置有在转动时能够触动开关的触动部以及在所述联动摆杆的转动轴线的一侧间隔设置的至少两个受力部；
其中，对应每个所述受力部分别设置有一个所述传动部件，所述传动部件设置为其中的任意一个所述传动部件对所述受力部施加推力能够使得所述联动摆杆转动，从而所述触动部触动所述开关。
优选地，所述触动部和所述受力部分别设置在所述联动摆杆的相对的两侧。
优选地，所述传动部件包括传动主体件以及与所述传动主体件连接的弹簧；
所述传动主体件设置为，所述传动主体件受到压力作用被限制时所述传动主体件不对所述联动摆杆施加推力，且所述弹簧被所述传动主体件压至收缩状态，在所述传动主体件脱离所述压力作用时，所述弹簧通过弹力推动所述传动主体件移动，通过所述传动主体件的移动对所述联动摆杆的所述受力部施加推力来推动所述联动摆杆转动。
优选地，所述传动部件包括
中间部，所述中间部设置为用于推动所述联动摆杆的所述受力部；
第一柱体，所述第一柱体位于所述中间部的朝向所述受力部的一侧，所述第一柱体设置为用于承受背离所述受力部方向的压力；
第二柱体，所述第二柱体设置在所述中间部的背离所述受力部的一侧，所述弹簧套在所述第二柱体上。
根据本发明的另一方面，还提供一种用于电涌保护装置的底座，所述底座上设置有用于电涌保护模块的插脚插接的插接孔，还包括用于指示所述电涌保护模块工作状态的遥信机构；
其中，所述遥信机构包括微动开关以及如上所述的联动机构，所述电涌保护模块设置为与所述联动机构的所述传动主体件联动，在所述电涌保护模块处于失效状态时，所述联动机构的所述传动主体件在所述弹簧的弹力作用下推动所述联动摆杆转动，所述联动摆杆触动所述微动开关，所述微动开关发出指示所述电涌保护模块失效的信号。
优选地，所述底座上还设置有遥信端子座和用于与所述遥信端子座连接的遥信连接端子，其中，所述遥信端子座与所述微动开关连接，以通过所述遥信端子座与所述遥信连接端子对所述微动开关所发出的信号进行远程传输。
根据本发明的再一方面，还提供一种电涌保护装置，所述电涌保护装置包括至少两个电涌保护模块以及如上所述的底座，每个所述电涌保护模块通过插脚插入所述底座的插接孔内，其中所述底座上的每个所述传动主体件分别对应于一个所述电涌保护模块；
在其中一个所述电涌保护模块处于失效状态时，与该电涌保护模块对应的所述传动主体件推动所述联动摆杆转动，所述联动摆杆触动所述微动开关。
优选地，每个所述电涌保护模块包括承载架、安装在所述承载架第一 侧的压敏电阻器以及安装在所述承载架第二侧的电极连接件，所述压敏电阻器上设置有第一电极和第二电极，所述第一电极上设置有用于插接的第一插脚，所述第二电极通过所述承载架上的电极过孔与所述电极连接件焊接，所述电极连接件上设置有用于插接的第二插脚；
所述电涌保护模块还包括脱扣机构，所述脱扣机构包括转动体以及蓄势弹簧，所述转动体可转动地安装在所述承载架的第二侧；其中，所述电极连接件与所述第二电极处于焊接状态时，所述转动体被限制在第一位置，所述蓄势弹簧设置在所述转动体与所述承载架之间且处于压缩或拉伸的蓄势状态，所述电极连接件与所述第二电极之间的焊料熔化时，所述蓄势弹簧通过弹力驱动所述转动体转动至第二位置，在所述第二位置，所述转动体转动至阻断所述电极连接件和所述第二电极之间的连接；
所述转动体上形成有限位面，所述转动体处于所述第一位置时，所述转动体的所述限位面压在底座中的所述传动主体件上使得所述传动主体件处于受压状态，所述传动主体上的所述弹簧被压缩在所述传动主体件与所述底座之间，所述微动开关发出第一状态信号；所述转动体转动至所述第二位置时，所述传动主体件脱离所述转动体的压力，所述传动主体件在所述弹簧的弹力作用下移动，所述传动主体件推动所对应的所述受力部以使得所述联动摆杆旋转，所述触动部在旋转时触动所述微动开关，所述微动开关发出所述第二状态信号。
本发明提供的技术方案中，仅设置一个微动开关即可在任意一个电涌保护模块失效时发出模块失效的信号，而无需对应每个电涌保护模块设置一个微动开关，不仅可以简化电涌保护装置的结构，缩小体积，而且还可以减小成本。
本发明的其它特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。
附图说明
构成本发明的一部分的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，本发明的示意性实施方式及其说明用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中：
图1为根据本发明的一个实施方式中具有两个受力部的联动机构的结构示意图；
图2为根据本发明的另一个实施方式中具有四个受力部的联动机构的结构示意图；
图3为根据本发明的一个实施方式中电涌保护装置的底座的结构示意图；
图4为底座处于分离状态的示意图；
图5遥信机构安装在底座中的示意图；
图6为两个电涌保护模块与底座插接的示意图；
图7为四个电涌保护模块与底座插接的示意图；
图8为遥信机构安装在图7所示的底座中的示意图；
图9为电涌保护模块内部的结构示意图(脱扣机构处于第一状态)；
图10为电涌保护模块内部的结构示意图(脱扣机构处于第二状态)；
图11为压敏电阻器安装在承载架上的示意图；
图12为压敏电阻器从一侧看的结构示意图；
图13为压敏电阻器的第二电极处于承载架的电极过孔处的示意图；
图14为电涌保护装置的剖切结构示意图(处于正常工作状态)；
图15为电涌保护装置的剖切结构示意图(处于失效状态)。
附图标记说明：
1-电涌保护模块；11-壳体；111-状态显示孔；12-承载架；121-电极过孔；122-转轴；123-第一弹簧连接部；124-第一状态指示部；125-定位柱；126-过孔；127-第一支撑部；128-第二支撑部；13-压敏电阻器；131-第一电极；1311-第一插脚；132-第二电极；1321-焊接部；14-电极连接件；141- 第二插脚；142-焊接端；143-定位槽；15-转动件；151-限位面；152-第二状态指示部；154-隔弧板；155-第二弹簧连接部；16-蓄势弹簧；2-底座；21-上盖；211-开孔；212-接线孔；22-安装主体；23-微动开关；24-联动摆杆；241-触动部；242-受力部；243-转轴；25-传动主体件；251-中间部；252-第一柱体；253-第二柱体；26-弹簧；27-第一接线板；28-第二接线板；29-压线框；3-遥信端子座；4-遥信连接端子。
具体实施方式
现在将参考附图更全面地描述示例实施方式。然而，示例实施方式能够以多种形式实施，且不应被理解为限于在此阐述的范例；相反，提供这些实施方式使得本公开将更加全面和完整，并将示例实施方式的构思全面地传达给本领域的技术人员。附图仅为本公开的示意性图解，并非一定是按比例绘制。图中相同的附图标记表示相同或类似的部分，因而将省略对它们的重复描述。
此外，所描述的特征、结构或特性可以以任何合适的方式结合在一个或更多实施方式中。在下面的描述中，提供许多具体细节从而给出对本公开的实施方式的充分理解。然而，本领域技术人员将意识到，可以实践本公开的技术方案而省略所述特定细节中的一个或更多，或者可以采用其它的方法、组元、装置、步骤等。在其它情况下，不详细示出或描述公知结构、方法、装置、实现、材料或者操作以避免喧宾夺主而使得本公开的各方面变得模糊。
为了易于说明，在这里可以使用诸如“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等空间相对术语，用于说明图中示出的一个元件或特征相对于另一个元件或特征的关系。应该理解的是，除了图中示出的方位之外，空间术语意在于包括装置在使用或操作中的不同方位。例如，如果图中的装置被倒置，被叙述为位于其他元件或特征“下”的元件将定位在其他元件或特征“上”。 因此，示例性术语“下”可以包含上和下方位两者。装置还可以以其他方式定位，例如旋转90度或位于其他方位，这里所用的空间相对说明可相应地解释。
本发明提供一种联动机构，如图1和图2所示，所述联动机构包括联动摆杆24和传动部件；
所述联动摆杆24设置为可转动地连接，如图1中显示联动摆杆24上设置有转轴243，通过该转轴243可以与其他结构转动连接。所述联动摆杆24上设置有在转动时能够触动开关的触动部241以及在所述联动摆杆24的转动轴线的一侧间隔设置的至少两个受力部242；
其中，对应每个所述受力部242分别设置有一个所述传动部件，所述传动部件设置为其中的任意一个所述传动部件对所述受力部242施加推力时能够使得所述联动摆杆24转动，从而所述触动部241触动所述开关。图1中显示了联动摆杆24上设置有两个受力部242，图2中显示了联动摆杆24上设置有四个受力部242，当然，也可以设置其他数量的受力部，对应每个受力部242分别设置有一个传动部件。
本发明提供的联动摆杆适合用于电涌保护装置的遥信机构中，在电涌保护装置的底座2上安装有至少两个电涌保护模块1时，在其中任意一个电涌保护模块失效(即电涌保护模块中的压敏电阻器与电路脱开)时，电涌保护模块1中的脱扣机构动作，脱扣机构动作传导至与该电涌保护模块1对应的传动部件，该传动部件推动所对应的所述联动摆杆24的一个受力部242，从而联动摆杆24转动来触动开关(通常微动开关)，发出电涌保护模块失效的信号。
也就是说，在电涌保护装置中设置本发明提供的联动机构，仅设置一个微动开关即可在任意一个电涌保护模块失效时发出模块失效的信号，而无需对应每个电涌保护模块设置一个微动开关，不仅可以简化电涌保护装置的结构，缩小体积，而且还可以减小成本。
其中，优选地，所述触动部241和所述受力部242分别设置在所述联动摆杆24的相对的两侧。在受力部242朝向一个方向(例如上方)翻转时，触动部241朝向相反的另一方向(例如下方)翻转，从而触动部241触动开关。
在一个优选实施方式中，所述传动部件包括传动主体件25以及与所述传动主体件25连接的弹簧26；
所述传动主体件25设置为，所述传动主体件25受到压力作用被限制时，如图1和图2中对传动主体架25施加向下的压力时，所述传动主体件25不对所述联动摆杆24施加推力，且所述弹簧26被所述传动主体件25压至收缩状态，在所述传动主体件25脱离所述压力作用时，所述弹簧26通过弹力推动所述传动主体件25移动(图1和图2中为向上移动)，通过所述传动主体件25的移动对所述联动摆杆24的所述受力部242施加推力来推动所述联动摆杆24转动。
优选地，所述传动主体件25包括：
中间部251，所述中间部251设置为用于推动所述联动摆杆24的所述受力部242；
第一柱体252，所述第一柱体252位于所述中间部251朝向所述受力部的一侧，所述第一柱体252设置为用于承受背离所述受力部242方向的压力；
第二柱体253，所述第二柱体253设置在所述中间部251的另一侧，所述弹簧26套在所述第二柱体253上。
这样，在对第一柱体252施加背离受力部242方向的压力时，中间部251脱离联动摆杆24的受力部242，避免推动联动摆杆24转动，同时套在第二柱体253上的弹簧26由所述中间部251压至收缩。
在对第一柱体252所施加的压力消失后，中间部251在弹簧26的弹力作用下朝向受力部242移动，从而所述中间部251推动所对应的受力部251， 联动摆杆24转动。
根据本发明的另一方面，还提供一种用于电涌保护装置的底座2，所述底座2上设置有用于电涌保护模块1的插脚插接的插接孔，还包括用于指示所述电涌保护模块1工作状态的遥信机构；
图3和图4为底座2的结构示意图，图6为将两个电涌保护膜块1插接在底座2上的示意图；图5和图8为在底座上安装有遥信机构的示意图；图7为将四个电涌保护模块插接在底座2上的示意图。
如图4和图5所示，所述遥信机构包括微动开关23以及如上所述的联动机构，所述电涌保护模块1设置为与所述联动机构的传动主体件25联动，在其中一个电涌保护模块1处于失效状态时，其所对应的传动主体件25在弹簧26的弹力作用下推动联动摆杆24转动，联动摆杆24触动微动开关23，微动开关23发出指示电涌保护装置失效的信号。
具体的，底座2包括安装主体22和罩盖在安装主体22上的上盖21，上盖21可通过卡接或其他方式固定于安装主体22上。安装主体22上安装有第一接线板27和第二接线板28，安装主体22上可设置限位槽对第一接线板28和第二接线板29进行限位，第一接线板28和第二接线板29上分别设置有用于每个电涌保护模块1的两个插脚插接的插接孔，上盖21上设置有与该第一接线板27和第二接线板28上的所述插孔对应的开孔211，第一接线板27和第二接线板28上的插孔与对应的上盖21上的开孔211形成用于电涌保护模块1的插脚插接的插接孔，该第一接线板27和第二接线板28分别通过压线框29及其上设置的螺栓与线路实现电连接，线路具体可以通过底座2上方的接线孔212与第一接线板27和第二接线板28进行电连接。
如图5所示，遥信机构中的微动开关23固定安装在底座2的安装主体22上；所述联动摆杆24通过转轴243可转动地安装在安装主体22上，且联动摆杆24的触动部241对应于微动开关23，对应于联动摆杆24的每个 受力部242分别设置有一个传动主体件25，在传动主体件25与安装主体22之间设置有弹簧26。传动主体件25和弹簧26的连接如图1所示，传动主体件25的第一柱体252向上伸出底座2的壳体21(如图3所示)，这样电涌保护模块1安装于底座1上时，电涌保护模块1中的脱扣机构可以对第一主体252施压，而在电涌保护模块1失效，脱扣机构改变状态时，作用于传动主体件25的压力消除，传动主体件25在弹簧26的弹力作用下向上移动，从而传动主体件25上的中间部251向上推动联动摆杆24的受力部242，联动摆杆24转动并使得触动部241触动微动开关23，发出电涌保护模块1失效的信号。不管底座1上设置有几个电涌保护模块1，在其中任意一个电涌保护模块1失效时，联动摆杆24均会触动微动开关23。
其中，图5中的底座上安装的联动摆杆24对应两个传动主体件25，图8中的底座上安装的联动摆杆24对应四个传动主体件25。
本实施方式中，所述底座2上还设置有遥信端子座3和用于与所述遥信端子座3连接的遥信连接端子4，其中，所述遥信端子座3与所述微动开关23连接，以通过所述遥信端子座3与所述遥信连接端子4对所述微动开关23所发出的信号进行远程传输。
根据本发明的再一方面，还提供一种电涌保护装置，所述电涌保护装置包括电涌保护模块1以及如上所述的底座2；
每个所述电涌保护模块1通过插脚插入所述底座2的插接孔内，其中所述底座2上的每个所述传动主体件25分别对应于一个所述电涌保护模块1；
在其中一个所述电涌保护模块1处于失效状态时，与该电涌保护模块1对应的所述传动主体件25推动所述联动摆杆24转动，所述联动摆杆24触动所述微动开关23。
具体的，如图9和图10所示，每个所述电涌保护模块1包括承载架12、安装在所述承载架12第一侧的压敏电阻器13以及安装在所述承载架12第 二侧的电极连接件14，所述压敏电阻器13上设置有第一电极131和第二电极1323，压敏电阻器13的结构如图11和图12所示，所述第一电极131上设置有用于插接的第一插脚1311，所述第二电极132通过所述承载架12上的电极过孔121与所述电极连接件14焊接，其中，第二电极132上设置有朝向电极过孔121凸起的焊接部1321(参考图12和13)，电极连接件14的焊接端142焊接于所述焊接部1321，电极连接件14通过其上设置的定位槽143与承载架12上的定位柱125配合定位于承载架12上，所述电极连接件14上设置有用于插接的第二插脚141；第一插脚1311和第二插脚141用于插入底座2的插接孔内。
所述电涌保护模块还包括脱扣机构，所述脱扣机构包括转动体15以及蓄势弹簧16，所述转动体15通过转轴122可转动地安装在所述承载架12的第二侧；其中，所述电极连接件14与所述第二电极132处于焊接状态时，所述转动体15被限制在第一位置，所述蓄势弹簧16设置在所述转动体15与所述承载架12之间且处于压缩或拉伸的蓄势状态，具体的，蓄势弹簧16的一端连接在承载架12的第一弹簧连接部123上，另一端连接在转动体15的第二弹簧连接部155上。
所述电极连接件14与所述第二电极132之间的焊料熔化时，所述蓄势弹簧16通过弹力驱动所述转动体15转动至第二位置，在所述第二位置，所述转动体15转动至阻断所述电极连接件14和所述第二电极132之间的连接；其中，所述转动体15上设置有隔弧板154，在所述第二位置，所述转动体15上的隔弧板154正好位于电极过孔121处，实现灭弧功能，同时切断可能出现的焊料粘连，使脱扣更加可靠。
如图14所示，所述转动体15上形成有限位面151，底座2中的所述传动主体件25的第一柱体252向上穿出底座2的上盖21并通过承载架12上的过孔126与限位面151接触，所述转动体151处于所述第一位置时，所述转动体15的所述限位面151压传动主体件25的第一柱体252上，使得 所述传动主体件25处于受压状态，所述弹簧26被压缩在所述传动主体件25与所述底座2之间，所述微动开关23发出第一状态信号。
如图15所示，在电涌保护模块失效，转动体15转动至所述第二位置时，所述传动主体件25脱离所述转动体15的压力，所述传动主体件25在所述弹簧26的弹力作用下移动，所述传动主体件15推动所对应的所述受力部242以使得所述联动摆杆24旋转，所述触动部241在旋转时触动所述微动开关23，所述微动开关23发出所述第二状态信号。
所述电涌保护模块1还包括壳体11，如图9和图10所示，所述壳体11上设置有状态显示孔111；所述承载架12上设置有第一状态指示部124，在所述转动体15位于所述第一位置时，所述状态显示孔111显示所述第一状态指示部124，指示电涌保护模块1处于正常工作状态；所述转动件15上设置有第二状态指示部152，在所述转动体15转动至所述第二位置时，所述状态显示孔111显示所述第二状态指示部152，指示电涌保护模块1处于失效状态。
本领域技术人员可以理解的是，与底座2配合的所述电涌保护模块1中的脱扣机构并不限于本实施方式中如上所描述的结构形式，其它形式的在电极连接件14与第二电极132之间的焊料熔化时能够改变状态来对电极连接件14与第二电极132进行隔离的脱扣机构均可，例如，可以设置能够相对承载架12平移的平移部件，在平移部件与承载架12之间设置弹簧，在电极连接件14与第二电极132处于焊接状态，平移部件被限制在第一位置，弹簧处于压缩或拉伸的蓄势状态，在焊接熔化时，平移部件在弹簧的弹力作用下移动至电极连接件14与第二电极132的焊接部之间进行隔离。
还可以理解的是，与电涌保护模块联动的所述联动机构中的所述传动部件也并不限于图1所示的结构形式，其他的在脱扣机构改变状态能够触发所述传动部件动作，从而使得传动部件推动联动摆杆24的任何结构均可。
以上结合附图详细描述了本发明的优选实施方式，但是，本发明并不 限于此。在本发明的技术构思范围内，可以对本发明的技术方案进行多种简单变型，包括各个具体技术特征以任何合适的方式进行组合。为了避免不必要的重复，本发明对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。但这些简单变型和组合同样应当视为本发明所公开的内容，均属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种联动机构，其特征在于，所述联动机构包括联动摆杆和传动部件；
    所述联动摆杆设置为可转动连接，所述联动摆杆上设置有在转动时能够触动开关的触动部以及在所述联动摆杆的转动轴线的一侧间隔设置的至少两个受力部；
    其中，对应每个所述受力部分别设置有一个所述传动部件，所述传动部件设置为其中的任意一个所述传动部件对所述受力部施加推力时能够使得所述联动摆杆转动，从而所述触动部触动所述开关。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的联动机构，其特征在于，所述触动部和所述受力部分别设置在所述联动摆杆的相对的两侧。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的联动机构，其特征在于，所述传动部件包括传动主体件以及与所述传动主体件连接的弹簧；
    所述传动主体件设置为，所述传动主体件受到压力作用被限制时所述传动主体件不对所述联动摆杆施加推力，且所述弹簧被所述传动主体件压至收缩状态，在所述传动主体件脱离所述压力作用时，所述弹簧通过弹力推动所述传动主体件移动，通过所述传动主体件的移动对所述联动摆杆的所述受力部施加推力来推动所述联动摆杆转动。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的联动机构，其特征在于，所述传动部件包括中间部，所述中间部设置为用于推动所述联动摆杆的所述受力部；
    第一柱体，所述第一柱体位于所述中间部的朝向所述受力部的一侧，所述第一柱体设置为用于承受背离所述受力部方向的压力；
    第二柱体，所述第二柱体设置在所述中间部的背离所述受力部的一侧，所述弹簧套在所述第二柱体上。
  5. 一种用于电涌保护装置的底座，其特征在于，所述底座上设置有用于电涌保护模块的插脚插接的插接孔，还包括用于指示所述电涌保护模块工作状态的遥信机构；
    其中，所述遥信机构包括微动开关以及根据权利要求3或4所述的联动机构，所述电涌保护模块设置为与所述联动机构的所述传动主体件联动，在所述电涌保护模块处于失效状态时，所述联动机构的所述传动主体件在所述弹簧的弹力作用下推动所述联动摆杆转动，所述联动摆杆触动所述微动开关，所述微动开关发出指示所述电涌保护模块失效的信号。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的底座，其特征在于，所述底座上还设置有遥信端子座和用于与所述遥信端子座连接的遥信连接端子，其中，所述遥信端子座与所述微动开关连接，以通过所述遥信端子座与所述遥信连接端子对所述微动开关所发出的信号进行远程传输。
  7. 一种电涌保护装置，其特征在于，所述电涌保护装置包括至少两个电涌保护模块以及根据权利要求5或6所述的底座，每个所述电涌保护模块通过插脚插入所述底座的插接孔内，其中所述底座上的每个所述传动主体件分别对应于一个所述电涌保护模块；
    在其中一个所述电涌保护模块处于失效状态时，与该电涌保护模块对应的所述传动主体件推动所述联动摆杆转动，所述联动摆杆触动所述微动开关。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电涌保护装置，其特征在于，每个所述电涌 保护模块包括承载架、安装在所述承载架第一侧的压敏电阻器以及安装在所述承载架第二侧的电极连接件，所述压敏电阻器上设置有第一电极和第二电极，所述第一电极上设置有用于插接的第一插脚，所述第二电极通过所述承载架上的电极过孔与所述电极连接件焊接，所述电极连接件上设置有用于插接的第二插脚；
    所述电涌保护模块还包括脱扣机构，所述脱扣机构包括转动体以及蓄势弹簧，所述转动体可转动地安装在所述承载架的第二侧；其中，所述电极连接件与所述第二电极处于焊接状态时，所述转动体被限制在第一位置，所述蓄势弹簧设置在所述转动体与所述承载架之间且处于压缩或拉伸的蓄势状态，所述电极连接件与所述第二电极之间的焊料熔化时，所述蓄势弹簧通过弹力驱动所述转动体转动至第二位置，在所述第二位置，所述转动体转动至阻断所述电极连接件和所述第二电极之间的连接；
    所述转动体上形成有限位面，所述转动体处于所述第一位置时，所述转动体的所述限位面压在所述底座中的所述传动主体件上使得所述传动主体件处于受压状态，所述传动主体上的所述弹簧被压缩在所述传动主体件与所述底座之间，所述微动开关发出第一状态信号；所述转动体转动至所述第二位置时，所述传动主体件脱离所述转动体的压力，所述传动主体件在所述弹簧的弹力作用下移动，所述传动主体件推动所对应的所述受力部以使得所述联动摆杆旋转，所述触动部在旋转时触动所述微动开关，所述微动开关发出所述第二状态信号。
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