WO2022226902A1 - 一种神经髓鞘刺激装置及其方法 - Google Patents

一种神经髓鞘刺激装置及其方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022226902A1
WO2022226902A1 PCT/CN2021/091041 CN2021091041W WO2022226902A1 WO 2022226902 A1 WO2022226902 A1 WO 2022226902A1 CN 2021091041 W CN2021091041 W CN 2021091041W WO 2022226902 A1 WO2022226902 A1 WO 2022226902A1
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ultrasonic
electrical signal
nerve myelin
brain
stimulation device
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French (fr)
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郑海荣
周慧
牛丽丽
孟龙
夏向向
庞娜
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Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology of CAS
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Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology of CAS
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N7/00—Ultrasound therapy

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of neuromodulation, and in particular, to a nerve myelin stimulation device and a method thereof.
  • Neurons are the basic unit to maintain brain function activities, and are divided into two parts: cell body and process.
  • the cell body of a neuron is composed of nucleus, cell membrane, and cytoplasm; there are two types of processes: dendrites and axons.
  • the myelin sheath wraps the axon, and its main function is to protect the neuron and enable the nerve impulse to be transmitted quickly on the neuron.
  • the loss of myelin can affect the transmission of nerve impulses, which in turn affects normal brain activity.
  • the inventors of the present application found that it is of great significance to intervene in the early stage of myelin sheath in order to promote the regeneration of myelin sheath.
  • the main technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a nerve myelin stimulation device and a method thereof, which can promote myelin regeneration without trauma.
  • a technical solution adopted in the present application is to provide a nerve myelin stimulation device, the nerve myelin stimulation device includes: an input interface, a signal control circuit and an ultrasonic wave generating unit.
  • the input interface is used to obtain input parameters;
  • the signal control circuit is connected to the input interface to generate control electrical signals based on the input parameters;
  • the ultrasonic generation unit is connected to the signal control circuit to generate and transmit ultrasonic waves based on the control electrical signals to act on the specified location of the brain, thereby affecting
  • the nerve myelin sheaths in designated locations in the brain are stimulated to promote the regeneration of nerve myelin sheaths.
  • the ultrasonic generating unit includes: ultrasonic generator, ultrasonic transducer and several probes.
  • the ultrasonic generator is connected to the signal control circuit to generate a high-frequency oscillating electrical signal based on the control electrical signal;
  • the ultrasonic transducer is connected to the ultrasonic generator to convert the oscillating mechanical wave based on the high-frequency oscillating electrical signal to generate ultrasonic waves;
  • several probes are connected to ultrasonic waves
  • a transducer is also used to place on the head to send ultrasound waves to a specific location in the brain.
  • the signal control circuit is further configured to adjust the control electrical signal based on the input parameters, so as to control the ultrasonic parameters of the ultrasonic waves generated by the ultrasonic wave generating unit.
  • the control electrical signal is a pulse electrical signal.
  • the pulse electrical signal is an envelope signal.
  • the ultrasonic parameters include: ultrasonic intensity, pulse interval time or pulse duration.
  • the ultrasonic transducer includes a capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer or a piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducer
  • the transducing material in the ultrasonic transducer includes: at least one of piezoelectric material, composite piezoelectric material, or single crystal piezoelectric material.
  • a nerve myelin stimulation method comprising: acquiring input parameters; generating control electrical signals based on the input parameters; The brain specifies the location, thereby stimulating the nerve myelin at the specified location in the brain to promote the regeneration of the nerve myelin.
  • generating and transmitting ultrasonic waves based on the control electrical signals to act on the specified location of the brain including: generating high-frequency oscillating electrical signals based on the control electrical signals; converting the high-frequency oscillating electrical signals into oscillating mechanical waves to generate ultrasonic waves; sending ultrasonic waves to The brain specifies the location.
  • the present application provides a nerve myelin stimulation device, the nerve myelin stimulation device includes: an input interface, a signal control circuit and an ultrasonic wave generating unit.
  • the ultrasonic wave generating unit is connected to the signal control circuit to generate and transmit ultrasonic waves to act on a designated position of the brain based on the control electrical signal, thereby stimulating the nerve myelin sheath at the designated position of the brain to promote the regeneration of the nerve myelin sheath.
  • This application uses the ultrasonic generation unit to apply ultrasonic waves at the designated part of the brain.
  • the ultrasonic waves enter the brain through the skull and interact with the meningeal lymphatic vessels and neuronal cells, which can reduce the level of inflammation in the brain, promote lymphatic circulation, and then promote the regeneration of myelin sheaths. Restores the electrical signaling function of damaged nerve fibers.
  • the use of non-invasive physical stimulation to promote myelin regeneration can effectively relieve and treat demyelinating diseases, and at the same time, it can avoid surgical treatment or drug treatment.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a nerve myelin stimulation device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an ultrasonic waveform according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an ultrasonic generation unit according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a nerve myelin stimulation method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a device with a storage function according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • demyelinating diseases The pathological change in demyelinating diseases is the loss of myelin sheath on the axons of nerve cells, while the nerve cells remain relatively intact.
  • the main symptoms of demyelinating disease include visual disturbances, muscle weakness, spasms, numbness, and cognitive impairment.
  • Demyelinating diseases include, but are not limited to, multiple sclerosis (MS), Devic's Disease, inflammatory demyelinating diseases, or leukodystrophy.
  • MS multiple sclerosis
  • Devic's Disease inflammatory demyelinating diseases
  • leukodystrophy leukodystrophy
  • Acute demyelinating disease is characterized by the rapid regeneration of myelin after shedding. Although the regenerated myelin sheath is thin, it generally has little effect on functional recovery.
  • demyelinating diseases there are symptoms of repeated shedding of myelin sheaths, which can lead to thickening of nerves and incomplete recovery of nerve function due to axonal loss.
  • demyelinating diseases the main way to treat demyelinating diseases is drug therapy, but with the aggravation of the disease, the dose of drugs increases, which will lead to a series of side effects and negatively affect the health of the human body.
  • the present application provides a nerve myelin stimulation device
  • the nerve myelin stimulation device includes an input interface, a signal control circuit and an ultrasonic generation unit.
  • the ultrasonic generating unit can generate and emit ultrasonic waves to act on the designated position of the brain, and stimulate the nerve myelin sheath in the designated position of the brain to promote the regeneration of the nerve myelin sheath.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a nerve myelin stimulation device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the nerve myelin stimulation device includes an input interface 10 , a signal control circuit 20 and an ultrasonic wave generating unit 30 .
  • the input interface 10 is used to obtain input parameters.
  • a user or operator can input input parameters for controlling the signal control circuit 20 on the input interface 10 .
  • the input interface 10 may be a panel including several buttons or any interface that allows the user to input parameters, such as a touch screen.
  • the user can also input input parameters on the input interface 10 through other devices.
  • the user can also use a keyboard, a mouse, or an electronic pen to perform input on the input interface 10 .
  • the input parameters may be parameters determined according to the actual situation of the user.
  • the signal control circuit 20 is used to connect the input interface 10 to generate control electrical signals based on the input parameters.
  • the signal control circuit 20 can acquire input parameters from the input interface 10, and generate corresponding control electrical signals according to the input parameters, so that the ultrasonic waves generated by using the control electrical signals can satisfy the input parameters.
  • the ultrasonic wave generating unit 30 is connected to the signal control circuit 20 to generate and transmit ultrasonic waves to act on a designated position of the brain based on the control electrical signal, thereby stimulating the nerve myelin sheath at the designated position of the brain to promote the regeneration of the nerve myelin sheath.
  • Ultrasound is a kind of mechanical wave, which can propagate in the medium, and has the characteristics of high frequency, short wavelength, no serious diffraction, and good directionality.
  • the ultrasonic generation unit 30 is used to apply ultrasonic waves at the designated part of the brain.
  • the ultrasonic waves enter the brain through the skull and interact with the meningeal lymphatic vessels and neuronal cells, which can reduce the level of inflammation in the brain, promote lymphatic circulation, and further promote the regeneration of myelin sheaths. , restores the electrical signaling function of damaged nerve fibers.
  • the use of non-invasive physical stimulation to promote myelin regeneration can effectively relieve and treat demyelinating diseases, and at the same time, it can avoid surgical treatment or drug treatment.
  • the signal control circuit 20 is further configured to adjust the control electrical signal based on the input parameters, so as to control the ultrasonic parameters of the ultrasonic waves generated by the ultrasonic wave generating unit 30 .
  • the control electrical signal is a pulse electrical signal.
  • a pulsed electrical signal is an intermittent electrical signal of short duration. The pulsed electrical signal is determined based on input parameters. Input parameters include, but are not limited to, signal strength, pulse interval time or pulse duration, etc.
  • Each pulse electrical signal also includes a plurality of mutually spaced sub-pulse electrical signals. As shown in FIG. 2 , FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a pulsed electrical signal according to an embodiment of the present application. A single pulse includes several sub-pulses, as shown in Figure 2.
  • a is a schematic waveform of a plurality of pulse electrical signals
  • b is a schematic waveform of several sub-pulse electrical signals included in a single pulse electrical signal.
  • Input parameters can also include sub-pulse interval time or sub-pulse duration, etc.
  • the signal control circuit 20 also includes other components capable of adjusting the control electrical signal based on input parameters.
  • the signal control circuit 20 includes a matlab model.
  • the nerve myelin stimulation device can use the matlab model to adjust the waveform of the pulsed electrical signal.
  • the control signal is an envelope signal. That is, the adjusted pulse electrical signal is an envelope signal, so that the amplitude of the ultrasonic waves can be adjusted and the accumulation of ultrasonic energy can be reduced.
  • the accumulation of ultrasonic energy will increase the temperature of the local area where the ultrasonic wave is applied to the user, causing tissue damage. Reducing the accumulation of ultrasonic power can avoid the temperature increase of the user's tissues and organs caused by the accumulation of ultrasonic energy, and prevent the user from being burned.
  • the original pulsed electrical signal is a pulsed signal oscillating with equal amplitude. After adjustment, the amplitude of each oscillation of the pulse signal will change. Connect the highest point and the lowest point of each pulse signal with connecting lines, the shape of the connecting line is the envelope of the pulse signal, and the adjusted pulse electrical signal is the envelope signal.
  • the specific waveform of the envelope signal is shown in Figure 2.
  • the signal control circuit 20 may also include a signal transmission circuit, a power amplifier circuit, an electronic phase control circuit or an impedance matching circuit, and the like.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an ultrasonic generating unit according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the ultrasonic generating unit 30 includes an ultrasonic generator 310 , an ultrasonic transducer 320 and several probes 330 .
  • the ultrasonic generator 310 is connected to the signal control circuit 20 to generate a high-frequency oscillating electrical signal based on the control electrical signal.
  • the high-frequency oscillating electrical signal is an envelope signal.
  • the ultrasonic transducer 320 is connected to the ultrasonic generator 310 to convert into an oscillating mechanical wave based on a high-frequency oscillating electrical signal, thereby generating ultrasonic waves. After receiving the high-frequency oscillating electrical signal, the ultrasonic transducer 320 will generate an inverse piezoelectric effect, thereby generating ultrasonic waves.
  • ultrasonic parameters can be controlled by adjusting the high-frequency oscillating electrical signal.
  • the ultrasonic parameters include: ultrasonic intensity, pulse interval time or pulse duration.
  • Ultrasonic intensity refers to the maximum value of ultrasonic energy intensity within a unit pulse.
  • the pulse interval time refers to the time interval between two adjacent pulses.
  • Pulse duration refers to the duration of a single pulse.
  • the ultrasound parameters may also include the total duration.
  • Total duration refers to the total duration of ultrasound during a nerve myelin stimulation. After the total duration is reached, the continuous application of ultrasonic stimulation to the user is stopped.
  • Ultrasonic transducer 320 may be any suitable type of ultrasonic transducer.
  • the ultrasonic transducer 320 includes, but is not limited to, a linear array, a ring array, an arcuate array, a planar array, or a flexible ultrasonic transducer.
  • the ultrasonic transducer 320 includes a capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer or a piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducer.
  • capacitive Micro-machined Ultrasonic Transducer cMUT is an ultrasonic transducer manufactured based on MEMS technology. The diaphragm in the cMUT relies on electrostatic attraction to propel the transducer that generates the ultrasound.
  • cMUT has the advantages of high-density array element integrated manufacturing, good impedance matching between silicon material and human body medium, high sensitivity, wide frequency band, and high electromechanical conversion efficiency.
  • Piezoelectric Micro-machined Ultrasonic Transducer pMUT is also an ultrasonic transducer manufactured based on MEMS technology, which generates ultrasonic waves by a built-in piezoelectric film.
  • the pMUT has the advantages of high frequency, excellent impedance matching, and easy formation of arrays.
  • the transducer material in the ultrasonic transducer can be any suitable ultrasonic transducer material.
  • the transducing material in the ultrasonic transducer includes at least one of piezoelectric material, composite piezoelectric material, or single crystal piezoelectric material.
  • the piezoelectric material refers to an inorganic piezoelectric ceramic or an organic piezoelectric material or the like.
  • Inorganic piezoelectric ceramics include, but are not limited to, barium titanate, lead zirconate titanate, modified lead zirconate titanate, lead metaniobate, lead barium lithium niobate or modified lead titanate, and the like.
  • Organic piezoelectric materials include organic materials such as polyvinylidene fluoride.
  • the composite piezoelectric material refers to a composite polymer piezoelectric material, which is prepared from a high molecular polymer and an inorganic piezoelectric material in a certain proportion.
  • Single crystal piezoelectric materials include, but are not limited to, quartz crystal, lithium gallate, lithium germanate, titanium germanate, iron transistor lithium niobate or lithium tantalate, and the like.
  • a number of probes 330 are connected to the ultrasonic transducer 320 and are used to be placed on the head to transmit ultrasonic waves to a designated location in the brain.
  • the designated location of the brain can be determined according to the user's specific location of myelin loss.
  • the probe 330 can be secured at a designated location on the user's head in a variety of ways.
  • the specific number of the probes 330 can be determined according to the actual needs of the user in the process of use.
  • the ultrasonic generating unit 30 further includes a fixing component (not shown) for fixing the probe 330 at a designated position of the user's head.
  • the fixing component may be a helmet-like fixing bracket, or it may be a flexible fixing material such as a hat, hood, hood or scarf.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a method for stimulating nerve myelin according to an embodiment of the present application. It should be noted that, if there is substantially the same result, the method of the present application is not limited to the sequence of the processes shown in FIG. 4 . As shown in Figure 4, the method includes the following steps:
  • Step 410 Obtain input parameters.
  • Step 420 Generate a control electrical signal based on the input parameter.
  • the control electrical signal is adjusted based on the input parameters, thereby controlling the ultrasonic parameters of the generated ultrasonic waves.
  • the control signal is a pulsed electrical signal.
  • the control signal is an envelope signal.
  • the ultrasonic parameters include: ultrasonic intensity, pulse interval time or pulse duration.
  • Step 430 based on the control electrical signal, generate and emit ultrasonic waves to act on the designated position of the brain, so as to stimulate the nerve myelin in the designated position of the brain to promote the regeneration of the nerve myelin.
  • generating and generating ultrasonic waves based on the control electrical signals includes the following steps: generating high-frequency oscillating electrical signals based on the control electrical signals; converting the high-frequency oscillating electrical signals into oscillating mechanical waves to generate ultrasonic waves; sending the ultrasonic waves to a designated location in the brain .
  • couplant or deionized water can be used for ultrasonic conduction.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a device with a storage function according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the device 500 with a storage function according to the embodiment of the present application stores program data, which can be read by a computer, and the program data can be executed by a processor, so as to realize any embodiment of the nerve myelin stimulation method of the present application and any non-conflicting combination provided method.
  • the program data can be stored in the above-mentioned device with a storage function in the form of a program file in the form of a software product, so that a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) or a processor (processor) executes All or part of the steps of the methods of various embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned device 500 with a storage function includes: a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), a random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.
  • the medium of program code, or terminal equipment such as computers, servers, mobile phones, and tablets.
  • the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners.
  • the apparatus embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of units is only a logical function division.
  • there may be other division methods for example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated. to another system, or some features can be ignored, or not implemented.
  • the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically alone, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above-mentioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware, or may be implemented in the form of software functional units.

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Abstract

一种神经髓鞘刺激装置及其方法，该神经髓鞘刺激装置包括：输入界面（10）、信号控制电路（20）和超声波生成单元（30）。其中，输入界面（10）用于获取输入参数；信号控制电路（20）连接输入界面（10）以基于输入参数产生控制电信号；超声波生成单元（30）连接信号控制电路（20）以基于控制电信号而产生并发射超声波作用于大脑指定位置，从而对大脑指定位置的神经髓鞘进行刺激以促进神经髓鞘的再生。通过上述方式，能够无创伤促进髓鞘再生。

Description

一种神经髓鞘刺激装置及其方法 技术领域
本申请涉及神经调节领域，特别是涉及一种神经髓鞘刺激装置及其方法。
背景技术
神经元是维持脑功能活动的基本单元，分为胞体、突起两部分。神经元的胞体由细胞核、细胞膜、细胞质组成；突起有树突和轴突两种。髓鞘包裹着轴突，髓鞘的主要作用是保护神经元并使神经冲动在神经元上得到很快的传递。髓鞘的脱失会使神经冲动的传送受到影响，进而影响大脑正常活动。本申请的发明人在长期的研发过程中，发现在髓鞘脱落初期对髓鞘进行早期干预，促进髓鞘再生具有重要的意义。
发明内容
本申请主要解决的技术问题是提供一种神经髓鞘刺激装置及其方法，能够无创伤促进髓鞘再生。
为解决上述技术问题，本申请采用的一个技术方案是：提供一种神经髓鞘刺激装置，该神经髓鞘刺激装置包括：输入界面、信号控制电路和超声波生成单元。其中，输入界面用于获取输入参数；信号控制电路连接输入界面以基于输入参数产生控制电信号；超声波生成单元连接信号控制电路以基于控制电信号而产生并发射超声波作用于大脑指定位置，从而对大脑指定位置的神经髓鞘进行刺激以促进神经髓鞘的再生。
其中，超声波生成单元包括：超声波发生器，超声波换能器和若干探头。其中，超声波发生器连接信号控制电路以基于控制电信号而产生高频振荡电信号；超声波换能器连接超声波发生器以基于高频振荡电信号转换成振荡机械波，从而产生超声波；若干探头连接超声波换能器并用于设置在头部，以将超声波发送至大脑指定位置。
其中，信号控制电路还用于基于输入参数对控制电信号进行调整， 从而控制超声波生成单元所产生的超声波的超声波参数。
其中，控制电信号为脉冲电信号。
其中，脉冲电信号为包络信号。
其中，超声波参数包括：超声波强度、脉冲间隔时间或脉冲持续时间。
其中，超声波换能器包括电容型微机械超声波换能器或压电微机械超声波换能器
其中，超声波换能器中的换能材料包括：压电材料、复合压电材料、或单晶压电材料中的至少一种。
为解决上述技术问题，本申请采用的另一个技术方案是：提供一种神经髓鞘刺激方法，包括：获取输入参数；基于输入参数产生控制电信号；基于控制电信号而产生并发射超声波作用于大脑指定位置，从而对大脑指定位置的神经髓鞘进行刺激以促进神经髓鞘的再生。
其中，基于控制电信号而产生并发射超声波作用于大脑指定位置，包括：基于控制电信号而产生高频振荡电信号；基于高频振荡电信号转换成振荡机械波，从而产生超声波；将超声波发送至大脑指定位置。
本申请的有益效果是：区别于现有技术的情况，本申请提供一种神经髓鞘刺激装置，该神经髓鞘刺激装置包括：输入界面、信号控制电路和超声波生成单元。超声波生成单元连接信号控制电路以基于控制电信号而产生并发射超声波作用于大脑指定位置，从而对大脑指定位置的神经髓鞘进行刺激以促进神经髓鞘的再生。本申请利用超声波生成单元在大脑指定处施加超声波，超声波透过头颅颅骨进入大脑并与脑膜淋巴管、神经元细胞相互作用，可以降低颅内的炎症水平，促进淋巴流通，进而促进髓鞘再生，恢复受损神经纤维的电信号传导功能。利用无创物理刺激的方法，促进髓鞘再生，能够有效的缓解和治疗脱髓鞘类疾病，同时能够避免由于手术治疗或药物治疗造成的。
附图说明
图1是根据本申请一实施例的神经髓鞘刺激装置结构示意图；
图2是根据本申请一实施例的超声波波形的结构示意图；
图3是根据本申请一实施例的超声波生成单元的结构示意图；
图4是根据本申请一实施例的神经髓鞘刺激方法的流程示意图；
图5是根据本申请一实施例的具有存储功能的装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本申请的目的、技术方案及效果更加清楚、明确，以下参照附图并举实施例对本申请进一步详细说明。
脱髓鞘疾病的病理变化是神经细胞轴突上的髓鞘脱失，同时神经细胞相对保持完整。脱髓鞘疾病的主要症状包括视觉障碍、肌肉软弱无力、痉挛、麻木以及认知能力受损等。脱髓鞘类疾病包括但不限于多发性硬化(MS)、德维克病(Devic’s Disease)、炎性脱髓鞘疾病或脑白质营养不良症等。急性脱髓鞘性疾病的特点是髓鞘脱落后可以再生且速度较迅速，虽然再生的髓鞘较薄，但一般对功能恢复的影响不大。慢性脱髓鞘性疾病则会出现髓鞘反复脱落的症状，髓鞘反复脱落会导致神经变粗，并伴有轴突丧失导致的神经功能恢复不完全的症状。目前治疗脱髓鞘类疾病的主要方式时药物治疗，但是随着病情加重，药物剂量加大，会导致一系列副作用，对人体的健康造成负面影响。
为了解决上述技术问题，本申请提供一种神经髓鞘刺激装置，该神经髓鞘刺激装置包括输入界面，信号控制电路以及超声波生成单元。其中，超声波生成单元能够产生并发射超声波作用于大脑指定位置，对大脑指定位置的神经髓鞘进行刺激以促进神经髓鞘的再生。利用物理刺激的方法对神经进行无创伤刺激，促进神经髓鞘再生。以下进行详细阐述。
请参阅图1，图1是根据本申请一实施例的神经髓鞘刺激装置结构示意图。该神经髓鞘刺激装置包括输入界面10、信号控制电路20和超声波生成单元30。
输入界面10用于获取输入参数。用户或者操作人员可以在输入界面10输入用于控制信号控制电路20的输入参数。输入界面10可以是包括若干按钮的面板或者也可以是触摸屏等任意可以使用户输入参数 的界面。此外，用户还可以通过其他设备在输入界面10录入输入参数，例如，用户还可以使用键盘、鼠标或电子笔等装置在输入界面10进行输入。输入参数可以是根据用户的实际情况所确定的参数。
信号控制电路20用于连接输入界面10以基于输入参数产生控制电信号。信号控制电路20可以从输入界面10获取输入参数，根据输入参数产生相应的控制电信号，以使得利用该控制电信号产生的超声波能够满足输入参数。
超声波生成单元30连接信号控制电路20以基于控制电信号而产生并发射超声波作用于大脑指定位置，从而对大脑指定位置的神经髓鞘进行刺激以促进神经髓鞘的再生。超声波是一种机械波，能够在介质中进行传播，并且具有频率高、波长短、衍射不严重等特点，并且具有良好的定向性。
本申请利用超声波生成单元30在大脑指定处施加超声波，超声波透过头颅颅骨进入大脑并与脑膜淋巴管、神经元细胞相互作用，可以降低颅内的炎症水平，促进淋巴流通，进而促进髓鞘再生，恢复受损神经纤维的电信号传导功能。利用无创物理刺激的方法，促进髓鞘再生，能够有效的缓解和治疗脱髓鞘类疾病，同时能够避免由于手术治疗或药物治疗造成的。
在一实施例中，信号控制电路20还用于基于输入参数对控制电信号进行调整，从而控制超声波生成单元30所产生的超声波的超声波参数。在一实施例中，控制电信号为脉冲电信号。脉冲电信号是一种间断的持续时间较短的电信号。该脉冲电信号基于输入参数确定。输入参数包括但不限于信号强度、脉冲间隔时间或脉冲持续时间等。在每个脉冲电信号中还包括多个相互间隔的子脉冲电信号。如图2所示，图2是根据本申请一实施例的脉冲电信号的结构示意图。单个脉冲中包括若干子脉冲，如图2所示。其中，a为多个脉冲电信号的示意波形，b为单个脉冲电信号中包括的若干子脉冲电信号的示意波形。输入参数还可以包括子脉冲间隔时间或子脉冲持续时间等。
信号控制电路20还包括其他部件能够基于输入参数对控制电信号 进行调整。例如，信号控制电路20包括matlab模型。神经髓鞘刺激装置可以利用matlab模型调整脉冲电信号的波形。在一实施例中，控制信号为包络信号。即，经过调整后的脉冲电信号为包络信号，从而能够调节超声波的幅值，减少超声波能量累计。超声波能量累计会使得用户被施加超声波的局部区域温度升高，造成组织损伤。减少超声波能力累计就可以避免由于超声波能量累计导致的用户组织器官温度升高，避免用户被灼伤。原始的脉冲电信号为等幅振荡的脉冲信号。经过调整之后，脉冲信号每次振荡的幅度会有变化。把每次脉冲信号的最高点和最低点分别用连接线连接起来，连接线的形状就是脉冲信号的包络，调整后的脉冲电信号即为包络信号。包络信号的具体波形如图2所示。
信号控制电路20还可以包括信号发射电路，功率放大电路、电子相控电路或阻抗匹配电路等。
参阅图3，图3是根据本申请一实施例的超声波生成单元的结构示意图。超声波生成单元30包括：超声波发生器310、超声波换能器320以及若干探头330。
超声波发生器310连接信号控制电路20以基于控制电信号而产生高频振荡电信号。高频振荡电信号为包络信号。
超声波换能器320连接超声波发生器310以基于高频振荡电信号转换成振荡机械波，从而产生超声波。超声波换能器320接受到高频振荡电信号后，会产生逆压电效应，从而产生超声波。鉴于此，可以通过调整高频振荡电信号来控制超声波参数。在一实施例中，超声波参数包括：超声波强度、脉冲间隔时间或脉冲持续时间。超声波强度是指在单位脉冲内超声波能量强度的最大值。脉冲间隔时间是指相邻两个脉冲之间间隔的时间。脉冲持续时间是指单个脉冲的持续时间。此外，超声波参数还可以包括总持续时间。总持续时间是指在进行一次神经髓鞘刺激时，超声波持续的总时间。在到达总持续时间后，即停止继续向用户施加超声波刺激。
超声波换能器320可以是任意适用类型的超声波换能器。超声波换能器320包括不限于线阵、环阵、弧面阵、平面阵或柔性超声波换能器。 可选的，超声波换能器320包括电容型微机械超声波换能器或压电微机械超声波换能器。其中，电容型微机械超声波换能器(capacitive Micro-machined Ultrasonic Transducer，cMUT)是基于微机电系统技术制造而成的超声波换能器。cMUT中的膜片依靠静电吸引力推动产生超声波的换能器。cMUT具有高密度阵元集成制造、硅材料与人体介质阻抗匹配好、高灵敏度、宽频带以及高机电转换效率等优点。压电微机械超声波换能器(piezoelectric Micro-machined Ultrasonic Transducer，pMUT)也是基于微机电系统技术制造而成的超声波换能器，由内置的压电薄膜产生超声波。pMUT具有频率高、阻抗匹配优良、容易形成阵列等优点。
超声波换能器中的换能材料可以是任意适用的超声波换能材料。在一实施例中，超声波换能器中的换能材料包括：压电材料、复合压电材料、或单晶压电材料中的至少一种。压电材料是指无机压电陶瓷或有机压电材料等。无机压电陶瓷包括但不限于钛酸钡、锆钛酸铅、改性锆钛酸铅、偏铌酸铅、铌酸铅钡锂或改性钛酸铅等。有机压电材料包括聚偏氟乙烯等有机材料。复合压电材料是指复合型高分子压电材料，由高分子聚合物和无机压电材料按照一定的比例制备而成。单晶压电材料包括但不限于石英晶体、镓酸锂、锗酸锂、锗酸钛、铁晶体管铌酸锂或钽酸锂等。
若干探头330连接超声波换能器320并用于设置在头部，以将超声波发送至大脑指定位置。其中大脑的指定位置可以根据用户具体的髓鞘脱落位置确定。探头330可以以多种方式被固定在用户头部指定位置。探头330的具体数量可以根据用户实际使用过程中的需求情况而确定。
超声波生成单元30还包括固定组件(未示出)，用于将探头330固定在用户头部指定位置。固定组件可以是类似头盔式的固定支架，或也可以是类似帽子、头巾、头罩或围巾等柔性固定材料。
区别于现有技术，本申请还提供一种神经髓鞘刺激方法。请参阅图4，图4是根据本申请一实施例的神经髓鞘刺激方法的流程示意图。需注意的是，若有实质上相同的结果，本申请的方法并不以图4所示的流程顺序为限。如图4所示，该方法包括如下步骤：
步骤410：获取输入参数。
步骤420：基于输入参数产生控制电信号。
基于输入参数对控制电信号进行调整，从而控制所产生的超声波的超声波参数。在一实施例中，控制信号为脉冲电信号。在一实施例中，控制信号为包络信号。在一实施例中，超声波参数包括：超声波强度、脉冲间隔时间或脉冲持续时间。
步骤430：基于控制电信号而产生并发射超声波作用于大脑指定位置，从而对大脑指定位置的神经髓鞘进行刺激以促进神经髓鞘的再生。
具体的，基于控制电信号而产生并发生超声波包括以下步骤：基于控制电信号而产生高频振荡电信号；基于高频振荡电信号转换成振荡机械波，从而产生超声波；将超声波发送至大脑指定位置。具体的，可以采用耦合剂或去离子水进行超声波传导。
请参阅图5，图5是根据本申请一实施例的具有存储功能的装置的结构示意图。本申请实施例的具有存储功能的装置500存储有程序数据，能够被计算机所读取，程序数据能够被处理器执行，以实现本申请神经髓鞘刺激方法任一实施例以及任意不冲突的组合所提供的方法。其中，该程序数据可以形成程序文件以软件产品的形式存储在上述具有存储功能的装置中，以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)或处理器(processor)执行本申请各个实施方式方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的具有存储功能的装置500包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM，Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM，Random Access Memory)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质，或者是计算机、服务器、手机、平板等终端设备。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统，装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口， 装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
以上所述仅为本申请的实施方式，并非因此限制本申请的专利范围，凡是利用本申请说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本申请的专利保护范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种神经髓鞘刺激装置，其特征在于，包括：
    输入界面，用于获取输入参数；
    信号控制电路，连接所述输入界面以基于所述输入参数产生控制电信号；
    超声波生成单元，连接所述信号控制电路以基于所述控制电信号而产生并发射超声波作用于大脑指定位置，从而对所述大脑指定位置的神经髓鞘进行刺激以促进所述神经髓鞘的再生。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的神经髓鞘刺激装置，其特征在于，所述超声波生成单元包括：
    超声波发生器，连接所述信号控制电路以基于所述控制电信号而产生高频振荡电信号；
    超声波换能器，连接所述超声波发生器以基于所述高频振荡电信号转换成振荡机械波，从而产生超声波；
    若干探头，连接所述超声波换能器并用于设置在头部，以将所述超声波发送至大脑指定位置。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的神经髓鞘刺激装置，其特征在于，所述信号控制电路还用于基于输入参数对所述控制电信号进行调整，从而控制所述超声波生成单元所产生的超声波的超声波参数。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的神经髓鞘刺激装置，其特征在于，所述控制电信号为脉冲电信号。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的神经髓鞘刺激装置，其特征在于，所述脉冲电信号为包络信号。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的神经髓鞘刺激装置，其特征在于，所述超声波参数包括：超声波强度、脉冲间隔时间或脉冲持续时间。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的神经髓鞘刺激装置，其特征在于，所述超声波换能器包括电容型微机械超声波换能器或压电微机械超声波换 能器
  8. 根据权利要求2所述的神经髓鞘刺激装置，其特征在于，所述超声波换能器中的换能材料包括：压电材料、复合压电材料、或单晶压电材料中的至少一种。
  9. 一种神经髓鞘刺激方法，其特征在于，包括：
    获取输入参数；
    基于所述输入参数产生控制电信号；
    基于所述控制电信号而产生并发射超声波作用于大脑指定位置，从而对所述大脑指定位置的神经髓鞘进行刺激以促进所述神经髓鞘的再生。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的神经髓鞘刺激方法，其特征在于，所述基于所述控制电信号而产生并发射超声波作用于大脑指定位置，包括：
    基于所述控制电信号而产生高频振荡电信号；
    基于所述高频振荡电信号转换成振荡机械波，从而产生超声波；
    将所述超声波发送至大脑指定位置。
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CN112274183A (zh) * 2020-11-02 2021-01-29 李云莹 一种神经内科用脑部超声波治疗装置

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