WO2022225403A1 - Plate-forme flottante semi-submersible permettant le déploiement d'une fondation flottante semi-submersible à colonne unique - Google Patents

Plate-forme flottante semi-submersible permettant le déploiement d'une fondation flottante semi-submersible à colonne unique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022225403A1
WO2022225403A1 PCT/NO2022/050090 NO2022050090W WO2022225403A1 WO 2022225403 A1 WO2022225403 A1 WO 2022225403A1 NO 2022050090 W NO2022050090 W NO 2022050090W WO 2022225403 A1 WO2022225403 A1 WO 2022225403A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
platform
column
valve
semi
control
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NO2022/050090
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Per Andreas VATNE
Original Assignee
Stationmar As
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Stationmar As filed Critical Stationmar As
Priority to EP22792085.7A priority Critical patent/EP4326608A1/fr
Publication of WO2022225403A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022225403A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B77/00—Transporting or installing offshore structures on site using buoyancy forces, e.g. using semi-submersible barges, ballasting the structure or transporting of oil-and-gas platforms
    • B63B77/10—Transporting or installing offshore structures on site using buoyancy forces, e.g. using semi-submersible barges, ballasting the structure or transporting of oil-and-gas platforms specially adapted for electric power plants, e.g. wind turbines or tidal turbine generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B39/00—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude
    • B63B39/02—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude to decrease vessel movements by displacement of masses
    • B63B39/03—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude to decrease vessel movements by displacement of masses by transferring liquids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B43/00—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for
    • B63B43/02—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for reducing risk of capsizing or sinking
    • B63B43/04—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for reducing risk of capsizing or sinking by improving stability
    • B63B43/06—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for reducing risk of capsizing or sinking by improving stability using ballast tanks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
    • B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
    • B63B1/12—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly
    • B63B1/125—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly comprising more than two hulls
    • B63B2001/126—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly comprising more than two hulls comprising more than three hulls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
    • B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
    • B63B1/12—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly
    • B63B2001/128—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly comprising underwater connectors between the hulls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • B63B2035/4433—Floating structures carrying electric power plants
    • B63B2035/446—Floating structures carrying electric power plants for converting wind energy into electric energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F03D13/25—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors specially adapted for offshore installation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/93—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a structure floating on a liquid surface
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/727—Offshore wind turbines

Definitions

  • the invention concerns the field of semi-submersible vessels. More specifically, the invention concerns a semi-submersible floating platform as defined by the preamble of claim 1, and a method as defined by the preamble of claim 8.
  • the present invention describes a semi-submersible floating platform with a device for stabilizing support and assisting buoyancy for a single-column semi-submersible platform - or buoy - also referred to as a spar buoy.
  • a spar buoy may be economically attractive as foundation for floating wind turbines.
  • Their design is simple and they may be anchored in such a way that heave and drift movements become minimal.
  • the disadvantage with the concept is that they need deep waters in order to float vertically and must therefore usually be towed to location floating horizontally They are then ballasted to vertical position and anchored, whereupon tower and wind turbine are arranged on top.
  • Such offshore operations are costly, and are also dependent on favourable weather conditions.
  • the present invention hereinafter referred to as the deployment platform - eliminates such extensive offshore operations.
  • the spar buoy is towed to location in a vertical position and completely outfitted, also in shallow waters.
  • Such platform has potential for installation of wind turbines at sea for generation of electricity with associated equipment.
  • the deployment platform described herein comprises a support structure with a device for securing and stabilizing the spar buoy, and three or more columns that allow sufficiently controlled submerging depth such that the attached spar buoy, following disconnection, may float independently and freely.
  • each column comprises ballasting means whereby the draft may be controlled;
  • each column comprises an active heave motion neutralization system that may be operated independently, such that the platform may be maintained stable and level when handling the structure, for example during transit, separation and docking.
  • the active heave motion neutralization system comprises: - a tank device configured for storing a compressed gas, such as air;
  • rise canister arranged in, and in fluid communication with, the air reservoir, said rise canister comprising a volume that increases with increasing height and is in liquid communication with the body of water surrounding the column, such that water level inside the rise canister may move between upper and lower levels;
  • the tank device comprises a first valve configured for selective fluid communication with the air reservoir, whereby compressed gas may be released into the air reservoir;
  • the air reservoir comprises a second valve configured for evacuating gas from the air reservoir
  • control means configured for controlling at least the first valve and the second valve.
  • control means comprises a control system configured to receive and process data retrieved from sensors providing environmental data, and/or from sensors or devices providing operational data.
  • the control means may comprise a machine-learning algorithm.
  • the opening comprises one or more locking devices for releasably holding and supporting the column structure.
  • the platform comprises three buoyant columns interconnected by the support structure in a tripod configuration.
  • the column structure may be a spar buoy semi-submersible floating foundation comprising a fully outfitted wind power plant.
  • the valves in each column may be controlled to control platform heave motion and attitude.
  • the platform heave motion and attitude may be controlled while each column is ballasted to a desired draft.
  • Figure 1 shows an embodiment of the invented deployment platform 1 floating in a body of water and carrying a spar buoy 2 and wind turbine generator 3. Furthermore, columns 4, in this case three (4a-c), extend through a deployment platform support structure 5, the waterline 6 and comparatively shallow into the sea.
  • Figure 2 shows the deployment platform 1 floating in the waterline 6 in a water depth suitable for deployment- here approximately 40 m - where the lower part of the spar buoy 2 and the columns 4 have approximately similar draft.
  • Figure 3 shows the deployment platform 1 with the spar buoy 2 together ballasted sufficiently - here e.g. above 40 m - draft where the spar buoy 2 can float stably independent of the deployment platform 1.
  • the spar buoy 2 is retained in the deployment platform in an opening 7 having a shape complementary to the shape of a portion of the spar buoy 2.
  • the opening 7 is a U-shaped opening.
  • Figure 4 shows the deployment platform 1 and the spar buoy 2, but now with the locking skids 8 retracted to allow the spar buoy to escape out of the opening 7.
  • Figure 5 shows the deployment platform 1 and the spar buoy 2 separated and floating after the platform 1 has been pulled back
  • Figure 6 shows a cross section view of one of the columns 4 and part of the platform 1 structure submerged to the operational draft at waterline 6 being still water level.
  • Reference number 29 indicates the waterline at wave trough and reference number 10 indicates the waterline at wave crest.
  • the water level 11 in a chamber 30 (also referred to as a “rise canister”) inside the column 4 is controlled by the air pressure in an air reservoir 12.
  • a rising wave height to level 10 will increase the water level in the rise canister 30 to level 13, and at wave trough 29 the water level in the rise canister is at level 14. Seawater from the surrounding body of water is entering through an opening 15.
  • Ballast water for controlling the submerged draft is contained in tanks 16 and 17.
  • a tank 18 which contains pressurized air is installed inside the structure.
  • the tank 18 is fed - and continuously pressurized - from an external device or system, such as a surface service vessel - not shown - through a valve 19.
  • a first remotely controlled valve 20 - here shown open - is configured for releasing air pressure through a pipe 21 to the air reservoir 12.
  • a second remotely controlled valve 22 is configured for releasing pressure to the atmosphere.
  • the platform comprises sensors for monitoring operational parameters, such as tank pressure and air reservoir pressure.
  • the semi-submersible deployment platform thus comprises a built-in system for maintaining constant buoyancy at varying sea levels (due e.g. to waves and tidal movement).
  • the system provides energy-neutral generation and storage of energy in the form of superatmospheric pressure for use in predictive advanced regulation and control of heave motion neutralization (HMN).
  • HTN heave motion neutralization
  • the water level 11 in the rise canister 30 is controlled by the air pressure in the reservoir 12. This pressure is controlled by manipulation of the first valve 20 - to allow a desired quantity of pressurized air from the tank 18 to flow into the reservoir 12 - and by the second valve 22 - to evacuate a desired quantity of pressurized air from the reservoir 12.
  • This manipulation of the first and second valves 20, 22, and hence the ability to adequately control the pressure inside the air reservoir 12 and hence the rise canister 30, may be based on real-time sensor data and/or information stored in a database. This information may obtained by machine-learning algorithms, enabling predictions as to the operation of the valves. Such algorithms and systems are per se known from DP (dynamic positioning) of ships and oil rigs, and from AHC (active heave compensated) cranes on deep subsea service vessels. Advanced software with predictive control algorithms may thus be used to control the air pressure above the water surface 11 in the rise canister 30 sufficiently in advance of the calculated vertical movement of the platform so that the movement is neutralized.
  • DP dynamic positioning
  • AHC active heave compensated
  • Heave motion neutralization may thus be achieved by instant and rapid operation of the first valve 20 - for bleeding compressed air from the tank 18 and into the air reservoir 12 - and by instant and rapid operation of the second valve 22 - for bleeding compressed air from the air reservoir 12 and out into the surrounding atmosphere.
  • the operation of these valves 20, 22 may be based on environmental data and operational data, such as ambient wind velocity, sea wave characteristics (e.g. height, frequency, direction), vessel motion (e.g. pitch, roll, yaw, heave), and global position.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic illustration of an embodiment of a system for controlling the valves 20, 22 (or, in general: actuators 42) in a column as described above.
  • the figure illustrates three columns 4a-c, each having valves and actuators. This arrangement may correspond to the arrangement illustrated in figure 1, and shows how the valves in each column 4a-c vessel may be controlled independently of the valves in other columns 4a- c.
  • Figure 7 illustrates how a control system 41 is connected to columns 4a-c and to the individual valves 20, 20 in each column.
  • the control system 41 may be configured for receiving data from the individual column and for controlling devices in or on the column, such as the above-mentioned valves 20, 22.
  • the control system may be arranged on a platform common to a plurality of column, or on a column itself.
  • the control system may be arranged at a distal location, and will preferably comprise a user interface.
  • the control system 41 is connected to environmental sensors 43 (wind, waves, etc.) and to operational sensors 44 (position, column motion, etc.).
  • the control system may also be connected to external data and/or control devices, such as a remotely located computer or control device.
  • the connections shown in figure 7 may be by any means known in the art, such as wire, fiberoptic cable, wireless communication, via satellite, etc.
  • the control system may comprise, or be connected to, computers that are configured to provide fast control actions to the actuators and valves.
  • computers may incorporate machine-learning algorithms that are able to provide predictive control commands based on data obtained previously and/or on other parameters.
  • the heave motion neutralization system described above is useful for keeping the deployment platform 1 stable and level when handling the spar buoy 2, for example during transit, separation and docking, as the heave motion neutralization system in each column 4a-c may be controlled independently of one another.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

Abstract

Une plate-forme flottante semi-submersible (1) est conçue pour soutenir et transporter une structure de colonne (2), et comprend une pluralité de colonnes flottantes (4a-c) reliées entre elles par une structure de support (5) ayant une ouverture adaptative (7) pour permettre une fixation axiale et radiale de la structure de colonne (2). Chaque colonne (4) comprend un moyen de ballastage (16, 17) par lequel le tirant d'eau peut être commandé, et chaque colonne (4) comprend un système de neutralisation de mouvement de pilonnement actif qui peut être actionné indépendamment, de telle sorte que la plateforme (1) peut être maintenue stable et à la même hauteur lors de la manipulation de la structure (2), par exemple pendant le transit, la séparation et l'entrée au bassin. Un procédé de fonctionnement de la plateforme implique l'actionnement de soupapes (20, 22) pour réguler la pression à l'intérieur d'un réservoir (12) afin de commander le niveau d'eau (11) dans une cartouche de montée (30) dans une ou plusieurs des colonnes (4a-c).
PCT/NO2022/050090 2021-04-23 2022-04-22 Plate-forme flottante semi-submersible permettant le déploiement d'une fondation flottante semi-submersible à colonne unique WO2022225403A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP22792085.7A EP4326608A1 (fr) 2021-04-23 2022-04-22 Plate-forme flottante semi-submersible permettant le déploiement d'une fondation flottante semi-submersible à colonne unique

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO20210500 2021-04-23
NO20210500 2021-04-23

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2022225403A1 true WO2022225403A1 (fr) 2022-10-27

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Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP4326608A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2022225403A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116853426A (zh) * 2023-08-31 2023-10-10 山东省科学院海洋仪器仪表研究所 一种高稳定性深海浮标平台及其摇摆控制方法

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2454585A (en) * 2007-11-09 2009-05-13 Freyssinet Method for the transport of a civil engineering structure in an aquatic medium
JP2015006884A (ja) * 2014-09-11 2015-01-15 三井造船株式会社 浮体の設置方法
EP2905217A1 (fr) * 2012-10-08 2015-08-12 Iberdrola Ingeniería Y Construcción, S.A.U. Embarcation pour transporter et installer une plate-forme flottante et procédé de transport et d'installation d'une plate-forme flottante consistant à utiliser ladite embarcation
US20190071830A1 (en) * 2017-09-05 2019-03-07 Sofec, Inc. Offshore structure mating system and installation method
CN109737014A (zh) * 2019-02-22 2019-05-10 上海勘测设计研究院有限公司 一种半潜漂浮式基座的平衡控制系统、以及风力发电机组
WO2020009588A1 (fr) * 2018-07-06 2020-01-09 Pav Holding As Plate-forme flottante géostationnaire
WO2020167137A1 (fr) * 2019-02-12 2020-08-20 Aker Solutions As Centrale éolienne et procédé de construction
WO2020236006A1 (fr) * 2019-05-21 2020-11-26 Ægir Harvest As Structure flottante et son procédé d'installation
US20200378357A1 (en) * 2019-05-30 2020-12-03 Principle Power, Inc. Floating wind turbine platform controlled to optimize power production and reduce loading
WO2021040516A1 (fr) * 2019-08-23 2021-03-04 Delft Offshore Turbine B.V. Système de transport d'une structure en mer

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2454585A (en) * 2007-11-09 2009-05-13 Freyssinet Method for the transport of a civil engineering structure in an aquatic medium
EP2905217A1 (fr) * 2012-10-08 2015-08-12 Iberdrola Ingeniería Y Construcción, S.A.U. Embarcation pour transporter et installer une plate-forme flottante et procédé de transport et d'installation d'une plate-forme flottante consistant à utiliser ladite embarcation
JP2015006884A (ja) * 2014-09-11 2015-01-15 三井造船株式会社 浮体の設置方法
US20190071830A1 (en) * 2017-09-05 2019-03-07 Sofec, Inc. Offshore structure mating system and installation method
WO2020009588A1 (fr) * 2018-07-06 2020-01-09 Pav Holding As Plate-forme flottante géostationnaire
WO2020167137A1 (fr) * 2019-02-12 2020-08-20 Aker Solutions As Centrale éolienne et procédé de construction
CN109737014A (zh) * 2019-02-22 2019-05-10 上海勘测设计研究院有限公司 一种半潜漂浮式基座的平衡控制系统、以及风力发电机组
WO2020236006A1 (fr) * 2019-05-21 2020-11-26 Ægir Harvest As Structure flottante et son procédé d'installation
US20200378357A1 (en) * 2019-05-30 2020-12-03 Principle Power, Inc. Floating wind turbine platform controlled to optimize power production and reduce loading
WO2021040516A1 (fr) * 2019-08-23 2021-03-04 Delft Offshore Turbine B.V. Système de transport d'une structure en mer

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116853426A (zh) * 2023-08-31 2023-10-10 山东省科学院海洋仪器仪表研究所 一种高稳定性深海浮标平台及其摇摆控制方法
CN116853426B (zh) * 2023-08-31 2023-12-08 山东省科学院海洋仪器仪表研究所 一种高稳定性深海浮标平台及其摇摆控制方法

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