WO2022223722A1 - Procédé de préparation d'un produit en quantité adéquate pour un traitement localisé dans une parcelle - Google Patents
Procédé de préparation d'un produit en quantité adéquate pour un traitement localisé dans une parcelle Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022223722A1 WO2022223722A1 PCT/EP2022/060604 EP2022060604W WO2022223722A1 WO 2022223722 A1 WO2022223722 A1 WO 2022223722A1 EP 2022060604 W EP2022060604 W EP 2022060604W WO 2022223722 A1 WO2022223722 A1 WO 2022223722A1
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
- A01M7/0089—Regulating or controlling systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/005—Precision agriculture
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q50/00—Systems or methods specially adapted for specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
- G06Q50/02—Agriculture; Fishing; Mining
Definitions
- the invention is in the field of agricultural spraying and, more specifically, localized spraying based on data captured in real time. It relates to a process for preparing a treatment product in the quantity necessary for the treatment of a plot by a localized spraying system carried by an agricultural machine. The invention also relates to a computer program and a recording medium comprising instructions leading to the implementation of this method. Finally, it relates to a system for filling a tank of the localized spraying system comprising a data processing device configured to implement the process for preparing the treatment product.
- Treatment products can be used in particular to weed, fight against diseases, the invasion of insects or parasites, and provide the nutrients necessary for the proper development of crops.
- a spray system comprises, in a conventional manner, a tank arranged to contain a treatment product, possibly diluted, a spray boom comprising a plurality of spray sections each equipped with a spray nozzle, and a hydraulic circuit connecting the tank at the different spray sections.
- the spray boom generally extends along an axis transverse to a longitudinal direction in which the agricultural machine moves on the plot.
- the hydraulic circuit may in particular comprise a pump arranged to suck treatment product into the tank and lead it towards the spray boom, and a pressure regulator arranged to maintain the pressure in the hydraulic circuit at a predetermined threshold pressure.
- Each spray nozzle is arranged to spray treatment product over a predetermined width of the plot defined along the transverse axis.
- each spray section is also equipped with a distributor arranged to assume an open position, in which circulation of the product is possible from the tank to the corresponding spray nozzle, and a closed position, wherein said circulation is blocked.
- the different dispensers can be ordered individually.
- the spray system further comprises an image acquisition system and a control unit.
- the image acquisition system is mounted on the agricultural machine and comprises at least one camera arranged to acquire images of the plot a few seconds before the passage of the spraying system.
- control unit is configured to determine effective areas to be treated using image processing carried out in real time on the images acquired by the image acquisition system, and to individually control each of the distributors depending on the actual areas to be treated.
- the duration of use of the treatment product may be limited to a few days or even a few hours.
- Another solution would be to use a satellite image acquired shortly before the planned treatment of the plot.
- this solution is not always applicable due to the variability in the availability of satellite images, in particular due to cloud cover, and insufficient resolution for certain types of processing.
- the aim of the invention is to provide a solution for preparing a quantity of treatment product for a given plot which is in line with the actual needs of this plot.
- This solution must be able to rely on data acquired prior to the passage of the agricultural machine on the plot and relatively easily accessible.
- the invention is based on the use of a map representing a state of a parcel, zone by zone and on a given date, prior to the date on which the application of the treatment is planned, and of a model capable of determine the new condition of the parcel on the scheduled treatment date.
- the scheduled processing date can be the current date or a future date.
- the condition of each zone can be determined by the condition of the crops present in that zone.
- the map representing the plot is then a vegetation map and the model making it possible to estimate the new state of the plot at a later date is a model of the development of cultivated plants.
- the state of the different areas of a plot can also relate to the presence of a pest.
- the map representing the plot is a pest presence map and the model used to estimate the new state of the plot at a later date is a pest evolution model.
- a first object of the invention is a process for preparing a treatment product for the treatment of a plot by a localized spraying system carried by an agricultural machine, the process comprising:
- a step of generating a vegetation prediction map in which a vegetation prediction map is generated from a previous vegetation map and a plant development model modeling the development of cultivated plants in the plot , the forecast vegetation map and the previous vegetation map being a graphical representation of the plot at a scheduled treatment date and at a date prior to the scheduled treatment date, respectively, each map spatially dividing the plot into a set of vegetation zones, each vegetation zone being associated with a vegetation indicator representative of a state of the cultivated plants present in said vegetation zone,
- a step of generating a spray forecast map in which a spray forecast map is generated from the vegetation forecast map, the spray forecast map being a graphical representation of the plot spatially dividing the plot into a set of spray zones, each spray zone spatially corresponding to a vegetation zone and being associated with a quantity of treatment product to be sprayed as a function of the vegetation indicator of the corresponding vegetation zone, and
- the state of cultivated plants can be identified in particular by a stage of growth, by a height of the plants, a leaf area or a spectral distribution of the reflected radiation.
- a second object of the invention is a process for preparing a treatment product for the treatment of a plot by a localized spraying system carried by an agricultural machine, the process comprising:
- a step of generating a pest presence prediction map in which a pest presence prediction map is generated from a past pest presence map and a pest evolution model modeling the evolution of said bio-aggressor, the bio-aggressor presence forecast map and the previous bio-aggressor presence map being a graphic representation of the plot on a planned treatment date and on a date prior to the planned treatment date, respectively, each map spatially dividing the plot into a set of bioaggression zones, each bioaggression zone being associated with a bioaggression indicator representing a rate of presence and/or a rate of development of the bioaggressor in said bioaggression zone,
- a spray prediction map generation step wherein a spray prediction map is generated from the pest presence prediction map, the spray prediction map being a graphical representation of the spatially dividing plot the plot into a set of spray zones, each spray zone spatially corresponding to a bioaggression zone and being associated with a quantity of treatment product to be sprayed according to the bioaggression indicator of the corresponding bioaggression zone, and
- a bioaggressor is defined as a living organism that harms the development of plants grown in the plot.
- a bioaggressor can be a plant pathogen (for example a fungus, a bacterium or a virus), an animal pest (for example a predator or a parasite) or a weed.
- the previous vegetation map and the previous pest presence map can be established on a date preceding the planned date of treatment for a period of between 1 day and 60 days. Preferably, this duration is between 5 days and 25 days.
- the quantity of treatment product can be expressed in mass or in volume.
- the pest presence forecast map is also generated from information relating to a rate of presence and/or rate of development of the pest in one or more surrounding plots. Taking this information into account makes it possible to anticipate the arrival and evolution of the presence of the pest when this pest is little or not present in the plot under consideration.
- the plant development model and the pest evolution model can take into account, at a minimum, an elapsed time between the previous date on which the previous map was established and the planned treatment date.
- the model used to update the vegetation map or the pest presence map takes into account agronomic data relating to the plot.
- the plant development model is arranged to determine a vegetation indicator in each vegetation zone on a second date from a vegetation indicator in this zone on a first date, prior to the second date, and from agronomic data relating to said vegetation zone.
- the plant development model then considers as the first date the date associated with the previous vegetation map, and as the second date the planned processing date.
- the bioaggression evolution model makes it possible to determine a bioaggression indicator in each bioaggression zone at a second date from a bioaggression indicator in this zone at a first date, prior to the second date, and agronomic data relating to said bioaggression zone.
- the pest evolution model then considers as the first date the date associated with the previous pest presence map, and as the second date the expected date of treatment.
- the agronomic data includes, for example, meteorological data covering a period between said previous date and said planned date of treatment, a date of previous tillage, physico-chemical parameters of the soil, a date of sowing of the cultivated plants, data relating a previous application of a treatment product, and/or data relating to a crop previously grown on the plot.
- the meteorological data may in particular comprise a quantity of precipitation, a duration of sunshine, an average temperature, a number of days during which a temperature threshold was crossed and/or a humidity rate of the air and/or floor.
- the plant development model and the pest evolution model can take into account one or more types of agronomic data.
- the vegetation prediction map may be generated from a plurality of previous vegetation maps and the plant development model.
- the previous vegetation maps are then a graphic representation of the plot at different distinct dates, prior to the planned date of treatment.
- the pest presence prediction map can be generated from a plurality of previous pest presence maps and of the evolutionary model of the bioaggressor.
- the previous pest presence maps are then a graphic representation of the plot at different distinct dates, prior to the planned treatment date.
- Each previous vegetation map or each previous pest presence map can be generated from at least one satellite image and/or images acquired during the passage of an image acquisition system in the plot to the previous date considered.
- Each image can be generated in order to determine a radiation intensity in one or more bands of wavelengths of the visible, ultraviolet and/or infrared spectrum.
- each past vegetation map or each past pest presence map can be generated using a system comprising:
- an optical head comprising a camera and an illumination source, the camera being arranged to generate a sequence of images of the plot at acquisition times separated two by two by a predetermined acquisition period, the source of lighting being arranged to emit a beam of light in the direction of the plot with a variable light intensity, and, preferably,
- a lighting control unit arranged to determine the light intensity of the light beam to be emitted by the lighting source.
- the lighting control unit can be composed of a plurality of lighting control sub-units.
- Each lighting control sub-unit is then integrated into an optical head and is arranged to determine the light intensity of the light beam to be emitted by the lighting source of the respective optical head as a function of at least one image generated by the camera of the respective optical head.
- Such a system can in particular implement an image processing algorithm making it possible to determine whether an area requires the application of a treatment product.
- each past vegetation map or each past pest presence map may be generated using a method comprising: receiving georeferenced image data of the plot from one or more capture devices images not coupled to the spray system, the georeferenced image data comprising a plurality of pixels and geolocation data associated with each of the pixels; the analysis of the spectral information of the pixels to classify the pixels corresponding, if necessary, to the pest requiring the application of a treatment product in the field; where applicable, determining a location of the pest in the field based on the georeferencing data associated with the pixels classified as corresponding to the pest; the determination of cartographic data including the location of the pest in the field, if necessary, making it possible to obtain a previous map of vegetation or a previous map of the presence of the pest.
- the image capture devices are then not coupled to the spraying system, so that the pest detection mechanism is physically not coupled to the spraying system.
- This method can be implemented by various means.
- the image capture devices can be mounted on an aerial drone, a piloted aircraft or even one or more satellites in orbit around the Earth.
- the spray forecast map is generated from the vegetation forecast map and from one or more thresholds of predetermined state.
- Each spraying zone is then associated with a quantity of product to be sprayed according to the vegetation indicator of the corresponding vegetation zone and the predetermined state threshold(s).
- each spraying zone can be associated with a first quantity of product to be sprayed when the vegetation indicator of the corresponding vegetation zone is below a predetermined state threshold, and with a second quantity of product to be sprayed when the vegetation indicator of the corresponding vegetation zone is greater than or equal to the predetermined state threshold.
- the first quantity of product to be sprayed or the second quantity of product to be sprayed can be zero.
- the spray forecast map is generated from the pest presence forecast map and from one or more Predetermined presence thresholds.
- Each spray zone is then associated with a quantity of product to be sprayed according to the bioaggression indicator of the corresponding bioaggression zone and the predetermined presence threshold(s).
- each spray zone can be associated with a first quantity of product to be sprayed when the bioaggression indicator of the corresponding bioaggression zone is below a predetermined presence threshold, and with a second quantity of product to be sprayed when the the bioaggression indicator of the corresponding bioaggression zone is greater than or equal to the predetermined presence threshold.
- the first quantity of product to be sprayed or the second quantity of product to be sprayed can be zero.
- the step of determining the total quantity of treatment product comprises:
- an estimation error margin is determined according to a reliability index associated with the plant development model or the evolution model of the pest
- a sub-step of calculating the total quantity of treatment product in which the total quantity of treatment product is calculated according to the quantities of treatment product to be sprayed from the different spraying zones and the margin of error of estimate.
- the reliability index associated with the plant development model or the pest evolution model may in particular depend on the agronomic data taken into account by the model, and/or on the time between the date on which the previous map was established of vegetation or the previous pest presence map and the planned date of treatment.
- a quantity of treatment product corresponding to the margin of estimation error can be calculated and added to the quantities of treatment product to be sprayed in the different zones. of spraying.
- the step of determining the total quantity of treatment product comprises:
- a sub-step of determining a functional safety margin in which a functional safety margin is determined according to parameters of the localized spraying system and/or meteorological data on the scheduled date of treatment, and
- a sub-step of calculating the total quantity of treatment product in which the total quantity of treatment product is calculated according to the quantities of treatment product to be sprayed from the different spray zones and from the functional safety margin.
- the meteorological data is preferably specific to the parcel considered.
- the functional safety margin may depend on wind conditions.
- a quantity of treatment product corresponding to the functional safety margin can be calculated and added to the quantities of treatment product to be sprayed from the various spray zones.
- the parameters of the localized spraying system include, for example, a distance between adjacent spray nozzles, a spray width corresponding to a width on the ground covered by each spray nozzle, a speed of movement of the agricultural machine, a reliability index travel speed, and/or latency in establishing nominal flow in each spray nozzle. These parameters can in particular lead to establishing a spraying duration to be applied before reaching each localized area to be treated and a spraying duration to be applied after leaving each area. These additional spraying times generate additional consumption of treatment product which is thus taken into account in determining the quantity of treatment product required.
- the process for preparing a treatment product may further comprise a step of filling a tank of the localized spraying system with the total quantity of treatment product.
- the treatment product can be a biostimulation product, for example a fertilizer or a product making it possible to stimulate the natural defenses of the cultivated plant, or a biocontrol product, for example a weedkiller, an insecticide or a fungicide.
- a biostimulation product for example a fertilizer or a product making it possible to stimulate the natural defenses of the cultivated plant
- a biocontrol product for example a weedkiller, an insecticide or a fungicide.
- the invention also relates to a computer program comprising instructions which, when executed by a computer, lead the latter to implement the method described above.
- the invention also relates to a computer-readable recording medium comprising instructions which, when executed by a computer, lead the latter to implement the method described above.
- Another object of the invention is a filling system for filling a tank of a localized spraying system carried by an agricultural machine.
- the filling system includes:
- a hydraulic circuit arranged to removably connect a tank containing a treatment product to the tank of the localized spraying system
- a measuring means arranged to measure a quantity of treatment product injected into the tank
- a data processing device configured to implement the method described above.
- the filling system can be installed on a farm or off any farm, between different plots.
- the measuring means comprises a flow meter installed in the hydraulic circuit and a calculation unit receiving flow rate information from the flow meter and calculating a quantity of treatment product by time integration.
- the filling system comprises a controlled valve installed in the hydraulic circuit and a control device configured to control the controlled valve.
- the controlled valve is configured to take an open position or a closed position according to a control signal delivered by the control device.
- the control device is configured to receive, on the one hand, information relating to the total quantity of treatment product determined for the treatment of a parcel and, on the other hand, information relating to the quantity of treatment product injected into the tank. It is also configured to deliver a control signal for closing the controlled valve when the quantity of treatment product injected into the tank reaches the total quantity of treatment product.
- the invention aims to estimate the quantity of treatment product necessary for a given treatment of a plot by a localized spraying system.
- the treatment product can be directly useful to cultivated plants or act on its environment. It can be a biostimulation product, for example a fertilizer or a product making it possible to stimulate the natural defenses of the cultivated plant, or a biocontrol product, for example a weedkiller for treating weeds, an insecticide or a fungicide.
- the localized spraying system comprises a tank arranged to contain at least one treatment product, a spray boom comprising a plurality of spray sections and a hydraulic circuit connecting the tank to the various spray sections.
- the hydraulic circuit can include a pump arranged to suck treatment product into the tank and lead it to the spray boom. It may further comprise a pressure regulator arranged to maintain the pressure in the hydraulic circuit at a predetermined threshold pressure.
- Localized spraying involves a preliminary diagnostic step consisting in determining, for each elementary zone of the plot, whether or not an application of treatment product is necessary. This determination is at least qualitative and may optionally be quantitative. It is generally carried out by an analysis of images acquired by an image acquisition system comprising a plurality of cameras mounted most often at the front of an agricultural machine. The cameras can be mounted on a ramp extending transversely relative to a longitudinal direction in which the agricultural machine moves on the plot, so as to cover a width extending over several meters. Image analysis can be based on different image processing algorithms. In particular, it can analyze the shape of plants and their electromagnetic spectrum. The differentiated application of the treatment to the different elementary zones is ensured by the plurality of spray sections each comprising a spray nozzle and a distributor.
- the spray boom also extends transversely relative to the longitudinal direction of advance of the agricultural machine. It is located behind the boom carrying the cameras, so as to allow image processing before passing the spray boom. Image processing is referred to as real-time processing. In practice, it can last up to a few seconds.
- Each spray nozzle is arranged to spray treatment product over a predetermined width of the plot defined along the transverse axis.
- Each distributor is arranged to assume an open position, in which circulation of the product is possible from the tank to the corresponding spray nozzle, and a closed position, in which said circulation is blocked.
- the valves are individually controlled by a control unit. They are controlled in the open position when the corresponding spray nozzle comes to pass over an elementary zone to be treated, and in the closed position otherwise.
- the method 100 comprises a step 110 of acquiring agronomic data relating to the plot to be treated, a step 120 of generating a vegetation forecast map and/or a pest presence forecast map, a step 130 of generating a spray forecast map, a step 140 of determining the total quantity of treatment product and a step 150 of filling the tank.
- the method according to the invention is based on the use of a vegetation map or a pest presence map.
- a vegetation map spatially divides the plot into a set of zones, called “vegetation zones", each zone being associated with a vegetation indicator representative of a state of the cultivated plants present in said vegetation zone.
- the state of cultivated plants can be identified in particular by a stage of growth, by a height of the plants, a leaf area or a spectral distribution of the reflected radiation.
- the vegetation map thus includes data relating to a spatial distribution of a state of the plants on the plot. These data are typically obtained from satellite images or from images acquired during a previous pass of the image acquisition system in the field. This passage may have been made a few days or a few weeks before the scheduled date of treatment.
- the vegetation map is then referred to as the "earlier vegetation map” and the date the images were acquired is referred to as the "earlier date”.
- a bioaggression presence map spatially divides the plot into a set of zones, called “bioaggression zones", each zone being associated with a bioaggression indicator representative of a presence rate and/or a development rate of the bioaggressor in said bioaggression zone.
- the step 110 of acquisition of agronomic data relating to the plot to be treated consists in collecting information relating to one or more parameters likely to influence the growth of the cultivated plants or the development of a pest.
- the agronomic data advantageously relates to the period extending between the earlier date and the date on which the application of the treatment is planned, called the "planned date of treatment". This information can be global for the entire plot or localized, i.e. variable depending on the areas of the plot.
- Global agronomic data may in particular be a date of previous tillage of the plot, a date of sowing of the cultivated plants, data relating to a previous application of a treatment product, data relating to a crop previously cultivated on the plot and/or meteorological data.
- the meteorological data concern, for example, a quantity of precipitation, a duration of sunshine, an average temperature, a number of days during which a temperature threshold has been crossed and/or a humidity level of the air and/or floor.
- Localized agronomic data concern, for example, physico-chemical parameters of the soil, i.e. the composition of the soil.
- the step 120 of generating a vegetation forecast map or a pest presence forecast map consists of updating the previous vegetation map or the previous pest presence map as a function, respectively, of a plant development model or a pest evolution model, and agronomic data acquired in step 110.
- the map is updated in order to be representative of the state of the plot on the planned date of treatment . It is called “vegetation prediction map” or "pest presence prediction map”.
- the vegetation indicator at the previous date and the agronomic data are injected into the plant development model, which generates as output a vegetation indicator on the scheduled processing date.
- the bioaggression indicator at the previous date and the agronomic data are injected into the evolution model of the bioaggressor, which generates an output indicator of bioaggression on the scheduled date of treatment.
- the plant development model and the pest evolution model can take into account a single type of agronomic data or several types of agronomic data.
- the step 130 of generating a spray forecast map consists of generating a spray forecast map from the vegetation forecast map or from the pest presence forecast map.
- the spray forecast map is a graphical representation of the plot under consideration spatially dividing the plot into different areas, called "spraying areas".
- Each spraying zone corresponds spatially to a vegetation zone or to a bioaggression zone and is associated with a quantity of treatment product to be sprayed. Said quantity is determined, for each zone, according to the vegetation indicator of the corresponding vegetation zone or the bioaggression indicator of the corresponding bioaggression zone.
- the spray forecast map is generated from the vegetation forecast map and a predetermined state threshold.
- the vegetation indicator has a value below the predetermined state threshold
- the corresponding spraying zone can be associated with a first quantity of product to be sprayed.
- the corresponding spraying zone can be associated with a second quantity of product to be sprayed.
- an amount of product as recommended by the treatment product manufacturer may be associated with the corresponding spray area; and, when the vegetation indicator is representative of a relatively advanced state of growth, a nil quantity of product may be associated with the corresponding spray zone.
- the spray forecast map is generated from the pest presence forecast map and a predetermined presence threshold.
- the bioaggression indicator has a value below the predetermined presence threshold
- the corresponding spray zone can be associated with a first quantity of product to be sprayed.
- the corresponding spray zone can be associated with a second quantity of product to be sprayed.
- a zero product quantity can be associated with the corresponding spray area; and, when the bioaggression indicator is representative of a relatively high presence of insect pests, a quantity of product in accordance with the recommendations of the manufacturer of the treatment product may be associated with the corresponding spray area.
- the step 140 of determining the total quantity of treatment product consists in determining the total quantity of treatment product, necessary for the localized treatment of the plot, according to the quantities of treatment product of the different spraying zones of the map. spray forecast. According to a particular embodiment, the total quantity of treatment product is determined as being the sum of the quantities of treatment product of all the spray zones of the spray forecast map.
- Step 140 includes a sub-step 141 for acquiring parameters of the localized spraying system, a sub-step 142 for determining a functional safety margin, a sub-step 143 for determining a margin of error estimation and a sub-step 144 of calculating the total quantity of treatment product.
- the sub-step 141 of acquisition of parameters of the spraying system consists in acquiring parameters relating to the layout and/or to the properties of the spraying system. These parameters include, for example, a distance between the spray nozzles of the various adjacent spray sections along the axis of the spray arm, a spray width, a speed of movement of the agricultural machine and therefore of the spray system, a travel speed reliability index, and/or a latency in establishing a nominal flow rate in each spray nozzle.
- the sub-step 142 of determining a functional safety margin consists in estimating the additional quantity of treatment product necessary due to the uncertainties linked to the physical parameters of the spraying system and/or to the weather conditions during the spraying of the product of treatment. In particular, in the presence of wind, it may be decided to apply more treatment product upstream and downstream of each elementary zone to be treated.
- the additional quantity of treatment product called "functional safety margin" is for example determined by calculating a spraying duration to be applied before reaching each elementary zone to be treated and a spraying duration to be applied after leaving each zone. Depending on the estimated number of areas to be treated and the flow rate of each spray nozzle, it is then possible to calculate the functional safety margin.
- the sub-step 143 of determining an estimation error margin aims to quantify the maximum shift likely to be observed between the total quantity of treatment product estimated by the method and the quantity of treatment product that will actually be used for plot treatment. It consists in determining an additional quantity of treatment product, called "margin of estimation error", according to a reliability index associated with the plant development model or the pest evolution model used. This index may vary depending on the agronomic data used by the model and/or the duration between the previous date on which the previous vegetation map was established and the planned date of processing.
- the sub-step 144 for calculating the total quantity of treatment product consists in calculating the total quantity of treatment product according to the quantities of treatment product of the different spray zones of the spray forecast map, the margin of functional safety and the margin of error of estimation.
- the total amount of sprayer can be calculated by adding the sprayer amounts of all the spray areas of the spray forecast map, the functional safety margin and the margin of error of estimate.
- Calculation step 140 may not include sub-step 141 of acquiring localized spray system parameters and sub-step 142 of determining a functional safety margin, or sub-step 143 of determining a margin of estimation error.
- the sub-step 144 for calculating the total quantity of treatment product then only takes into account the functional safety margin or the estimation error margin.
- the sub-step 143 of determining an estimation error margin can be carried out before, during or after the sub-step 141 of acquiring parameters and the sub-step 142 of determination of a functional safety margin.
- the step 140 of determining the total quantity of treatment product can also include a sub-step of determining a quantity of diluent to be used with the total quantity of product of treatment.
- the quantity of diluent is preferably determined according to the recommendations of the supplier of the treatment product.
- the diluent is for example water.
- Step 150 of filling the tank consists of filling the tank of the localized spraying system with the total quantity of treatment product and, if applicable, the quantity of diluent, determined in step 140.
- the step 150 of filling may comprise a sub-step of mixing the treatment product with the diluent. This sub-step can be carried out directly in the tank of the localized spraying system, or upstream.
- the filling step 150 can be carried out using a filling system of an agricultural installation.
- the filling system can include one or more storage tanks, a hydraulic circuit and a measuring means.
- Each storage tank can contain a treatment product and be associated with a manual or controlled valve making it possible to control the flow of the treatment product in the hydraulic circuit.
- the hydraulic circuit is arranged to removably connect each tank to the tank of the spraying system.
- the measuring means is arranged to measure a quantity of treatment product injected into the tank. It may in particular comprise a flowmeter installed in the hydraulic circuit and a calculation unit receiving flow rate information from the flowmeter and calculating the quantity of treatment product discharged by time integration.
- the filling system can also comprise a control device configured to control the controlled valve as a function of information relating to the quantity of treatment product measured by the measuring means and information relating to the total quantity of product of treatment determined in step 140.
- the control device can be configured to close the controlled valve when the measured quantity of treatment product reaches the total quantity of treatment product.
- the filling system can comprise a data processing device arranged to implement the other steps 110, 120, 130, 140 of the method 100 according to the invention.
- the device may in particular comprise a user interface making it possible to enter the agronomic data and the parameters of the localized spraying system, in accordance with steps 110 and 141. It may further comprise a processor arranged to implement step 120 of generation of a vegetation forecast map and/or a pest presence forecast map, the step 130 of generating a spraying forecast map and the step 140 of determining the total quantity of product treatment.
- the calculation unit of the measuring means and/or the control device associated with the controlled valve are integrated into the data processing device.
Abstract
Description
Claims (15)
- Procédé de préparation d’un produit de traitement pour le traitement d’une parcelle par un système de pulvérisation localisée porté par un engin agricole, le procédé (100) comprenant :
une étape (120) de génération d’une carte de prévision de végétation, dans laquelle une carte de prévision de végétation est générée à partir d’une carte antérieure de végétation et d’un modèle de développement de plante modélisant le développement des plantes cultivées dans la parcelle, la carte de prévision de végétation et la carte antérieure de végétation étant une représentation graphique de la parcelle à une date prévue de traitement et à une date antérieure à la date prévue de traitement, respectivement, chaque carte divisant spatialement la parcelle en un ensemble de zones de végétation, chaque zone de végétation étant associée à un indicateur de végétation représentatif d’un état des plantes cultivées présentes dans ladite zone de végétation,
une étape (130) de génération d’une carte de prévision de pulvérisation, dans laquelle une carte de prévision de pulvérisation est générée à partir de la carte de prévision de végétation, la carte de prévision de pulvérisation étant une représentation graphique de la parcelle divisant spatialement la parcelle en un ensemble de zones de pulvérisation, chaque zone de pulvérisation correspondant spatialement à une zone de végétation et étant associée à une quantité de produit de traitement à pulvériser en fonction de l’indicateur de végétation de la zone de végétation correspondante, et
une étape (140) de détermination d’une quantité totale de produit de traitement, nécessaire pour le traitement de la parcelle, dans laquelle la quantité totale de produit de traitement est calculée en fonction des quantités de produit de traitement à pulvériser des différentes zones de pulvérisation. - Procédé de préparation d’un produit de traitement pour le traitement d’une parcelle par un système de pulvérisation localisée porté par un engin agricole, le procédé (100) comprenant :
une étape (100) de génération d’une carte de prévision de présence d’un bioagresseur, dans laquelle une carte de prévision de présence du bioagresseur est générée à partir d’une carte antérieure de présence du bioagresseur et d’un modèle d’évolution du bioagresseur modélisant l’évolution dudit bioagresseur, la carte de prévision de présence du bioagresseur et la carte antérieure de présence du bioagresseur étant une représentation graphique de la parcelle à une date prévue de traitement et à une date antérieure à la date prévue de traitement, respectivement, chaque carte divisant spatialement la parcelle en un ensemble de zones de bioagression, chaque zone de bioagression étant associée à un indicateur de bioagression représentatif d’un taux de présence et/ou d’un taux de développement du bioagresseur dans ladite zone de bioagression,
une étape (130) de génération d’une carte de prévision de pulvérisation, dans laquelle une carte de prévision de pulvérisation est générée à partir de la carte de prévision de présence du bioagresseur, la carte de prévision de pulvérisation étant une représentation graphique de la parcelle divisant spatialement la parcelle en un ensemble de zones de pulvérisation, chaque zone de pulvérisation correspondant spatialement à une zone de bioagression et étant associée à une quantité de produit de traitement à pulvériser en fonction de l’indicateur de bioagression de la zone de bioagression correspondante, et
une étape (140) de détermination d’une quantité totale de produit de traitement, nécessaire pour le traitement de la parcelle, dans laquelle la quantité totale de produit de traitement est calculée en fonction des quantités de produit de traitement à pulvériser des différentes zones de pulvérisation. - Procédé selon la revendication 2, dans lequel, au cours de l’étape (120) de génération d’une carte de prévision de présence d’un bioagresseur, la carte de prévision de présence du bioagresseur est générée, en outre, à partir d’informations relatives à un taux de présence et/ou un taux de développement du bioagresseur dans une ou plusieurs parcelles environnantes.
- Procédé selon l’une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le modèle de développement de plante est agencé pour déterminer un indicateur de végétation dans chaque zone de végétation à une deuxième date à partir d’un indicateur de végétation dans cette zone à une première date, antérieure à la deuxième date, et de données agronomiques relatives à ladite zone de végétation, ou dans lequel le modèle d’évolution du bioagresseur est agencé pour déterminer un indicateur de bioagression dans chaque zone de bioagression à une deuxième date à partir d’un indicateur de bioagression dans cette zone à une première date, antérieure à la deuxième date, et de données agronomiques relatives à ladite zone de bioagression.
- Procédé selon la revendication 4, dans lequel les données agronomiques comprennent des données météorologiques couvrant une période entre ladite date antérieure et ladite date prévue de traitement, une date de travail antérieur du sol, des paramètres physico-chimiques du sol, une date de semis des plantes cultivées, des données relatives à une application antérieure d’un produit de traitement, et/ou des données relatives à une culture précédemment cultivée sur la parcelle.
- Procédé selon l’une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel, au cours de l’étape (120) de génération d’une carte de prévision de végétation, la carte de prévision de végétation est générée à partir d’une pluralité de cartes antérieures de végétation et du modèle de développement de plante, les cartes antérieures de végétation étant une représentation graphique de la parcelle à différentes dates distinctes, antérieures à la date prévue de traitement, ou dans lequel, au cours de l’étape de génération d’une carte de prévision de présence d’un bioagresseur, la carte de prévision de présence du bioagresseur est générée à partir d’une pluralité de cartes antérieures de présence du bioagresseur et du modèle d’évolution du bioagresseur, les cartes antérieures de présence du bioagresseur étant une représentation graphique de la parcelle à différentes dates distinctes, antérieures à la date prévue de traitement.
- Procédé selon l’une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel chaque carte antérieure de végétation ou chaque carte antérieure de présence du bioagresseur est générée à partir d’au moins une image satellite et/ou d’images acquises au cours d’un passage d’un système d’acquisition d’images dans la parcelle à la date antérieure considérée.
- Procédé selon l’une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l’étape (140) de détermination de la quantité totale de produit de traitement comprend :
une sous-étape (143) de détermination d’une marge d’erreur d’estimation, dans laquelle une marge d’erreur d’estimation est déterminée en fonction d’un indice de fiabilité associé au modèle de développement de plante ou au modèle d’évolution du bioagresseur, et
une sous-étape (144) de calcul de la quantité totale de produit de traitement, dans laquelle la quantité totale de produit de traitement est calculée en fonction des quantités de produit de traitement à pulvériser des différentes zones de pulvérisation et de la marge d’erreur d’estimation. - Procédé selon l’une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l’étape (140) de détermination de la quantité totale de produit de traitement comprend :
une sous-étape (142) de détermination d’une marge de sécurité fonctionnelle, dans laquelle une marge de sécurité fonctionnelle est déterminée en fonction de paramètres du système de pulvérisation localisée et/ou de données météorologiques à la date prévue de traitement, et
une sous-étape (144) de calcul de la quantité totale de produit de traitement, dans laquelle la quantité totale de produit de traitement est calculée en fonction des quantités de produit de traitement à pulvériser des différentes zones de pulvérisation et de la marge de sécurité fonctionnelle. - Procédé selon la revendication 9, dans lequel les paramètres du système de pulvérisation localisée comprennent une distance entre des buses de pulvérisation adjacentes, une largeur de pulvérisation correspondant à une largeur au sol couverte par chaque buse de pulvérisation, une vitesse de déplacement de l’engin agricole, un indice de fiabilité de la vitesse de déplacement, et/ou une latence dans l’établissement d’un débit nominal dans chaque buse de pulvérisation.
- Procédé selon l’une des revendications précédentes comprenant, en outre, une étape (150) de remplissage d’une cuve du système de pulvérisation localisée avec la quantité totale de produit de traitement.
- Procédé selon l’une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le produit de traitement est un produit de biostimulation ou un produit de biocontrôle.
- Programme d’ordinateur comprenant des instructions qui, lorsqu’elles sont exécutées par un ordinateur, conduisent celui-ci à mettre en œuvre le procédé selon l’une des revendications précédentes.
- Support d’enregistrement lisible par ordinateur comprenant des instructions qui, lorsqu’elles sont exécutées par un ordinateur, conduisent celui-ci à mettre en œuvre le procédé selon l’une des revendications 1 à 12.
- Système de remplissage pour remplir une cuve d’un système de pulvérisation localisée porté par un engin agricole, le système de remplissage comprenant :
un circuit hydraulique agencé pour relier de manière amovible un réservoir contenant un produit de traitement à la cuve du système de pulvérisation localisée,
un moyen de mesure agencé pour mesurer une quantité de produit de traitement injectée dans la cuve, et
un dispositif de traitement de données configuré pour mettre en œuvre le procédé selon l’une des revendications 1 à 12.
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JP2023561162A JP2024514804A (ja) | 2021-04-21 | 2022-04-21 | 土地内の局所的処理に適した量の製剤を準備する方法 |
EP22724091.8A EP4326059A1 (fr) | 2021-04-21 | 2022-04-21 | Procédé de préparation d'un produit en quantité adéquate pour un traitement localisé dans une parcelle |
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FRFR2104150 | 2021-04-21 | ||
FR2104150A FR3122270A1 (fr) | 2021-04-21 | 2021-04-21 | Procédé de préparation d’un produit en quantité adéquate pour un traitement localisé dans une parcelle |
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WO2022223722A1 true WO2022223722A1 (fr) | 2022-10-27 |
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JP (1) | JP2024514804A (fr) |
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Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US20120237083A1 (en) * | 2010-10-25 | 2012-09-20 | Lange Arthur F | Automatic obstacle location mapping |
US9655356B1 (en) * | 2017-02-07 | 2017-05-23 | Bradley Davis Lytle, Jr. | Selective herbicide and responsible pesticide allocation apparatus and system |
US20210078853A1 (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2021-03-18 | Cnh Industrial America Llc | Intelligent Loading For An Agricultural Machine |
-
2021
- 2021-04-21 FR FR2104150A patent/FR3122270A1/fr active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-04-21 WO PCT/EP2022/060604 patent/WO2022223722A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2022-04-21 EP EP22724091.8A patent/EP4326059A1/fr active Pending
- 2022-04-21 JP JP2023561162A patent/JP2024514804A/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20120237083A1 (en) * | 2010-10-25 | 2012-09-20 | Lange Arthur F | Automatic obstacle location mapping |
US9655356B1 (en) * | 2017-02-07 | 2017-05-23 | Bradley Davis Lytle, Jr. | Selective herbicide and responsible pesticide allocation apparatus and system |
US20210078853A1 (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2021-03-18 | Cnh Industrial America Llc | Intelligent Loading For An Agricultural Machine |
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EP4326059A1 (fr) | 2024-02-28 |
JP2024514804A (ja) | 2024-04-03 |
FR3122270A1 (fr) | 2022-10-28 |
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