WO2022222840A1 - 乐器教学系统、方法及可读存储介质 - Google Patents

乐器教学系统、方法及可读存储介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022222840A1
WO2022222840A1 PCT/CN2022/086812 CN2022086812W WO2022222840A1 WO 2022222840 A1 WO2022222840 A1 WO 2022222840A1 CN 2022086812 W CN2022086812 W CN 2022086812W WO 2022222840 A1 WO2022222840 A1 WO 2022222840A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
musical instrument
signal
student
correction
performance
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PCT/CN2022/086812
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄志坚
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黄志坚
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Application filed by 黄志坚 filed Critical 黄志坚
Priority to EP22790948.8A priority Critical patent/EP4328901A1/en
Priority to JP2023548272A priority patent/JP2024507132A/ja
Publication of WO2022222840A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022222840A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H1/00—Details of electrophonic musical instruments
    • G10H1/02—Means for controlling the tone frequencies, e.g. attack or decay; Means for producing special musical effects, e.g. vibratos or glissandos
    • G10H1/04—Means for controlling the tone frequencies, e.g. attack or decay; Means for producing special musical effects, e.g. vibratos or glissandos by additional modulation
    • G10H1/053—Means for controlling the tone frequencies, e.g. attack or decay; Means for producing special musical effects, e.g. vibratos or glissandos by additional modulation during execution only
    • G10H1/055—Means for controlling the tone frequencies, e.g. attack or decay; Means for producing special musical effects, e.g. vibratos or glissandos by additional modulation during execution only by switches with variable impedance elements
    • G10H1/0553—Means for controlling the tone frequencies, e.g. attack or decay; Means for producing special musical effects, e.g. vibratos or glissandos by additional modulation during execution only by switches with variable impedance elements using optical or light-responsive means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B15/00—Teaching music
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H1/00—Details of electrophonic musical instruments
    • G10H1/0008—Associated control or indicating means
    • G10H1/0016—Means for indicating which keys, frets or strings are to be actuated, e.g. using lights or leds
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H1/00—Details of electrophonic musical instruments
    • G10H1/02—Means for controlling the tone frequencies, e.g. attack or decay; Means for producing special musical effects, e.g. vibratos or glissandos
    • G10H1/04—Means for controlling the tone frequencies, e.g. attack or decay; Means for producing special musical effects, e.g. vibratos or glissandos by additional modulation
    • G10H1/053—Means for controlling the tone frequencies, e.g. attack or decay; Means for producing special musical effects, e.g. vibratos or glissandos by additional modulation during execution only
    • G10H1/055—Means for controlling the tone frequencies, e.g. attack or decay; Means for producing special musical effects, e.g. vibratos or glissandos by additional modulation during execution only by switches with variable impedance elements
    • G10H1/0555—Means for controlling the tone frequencies, e.g. attack or decay; Means for producing special musical effects, e.g. vibratos or glissandos by additional modulation during execution only by switches with variable impedance elements using magnetic or electromagnetic means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H1/00—Details of electrophonic musical instruments
    • G10H1/32—Constructional details
    • G10H1/34—Switch arrangements, e.g. keyboards or mechanical switches specially adapted for electrophonic musical instruments
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H2220/00—Input/output interfacing specifically adapted for electrophonic musical tools or instruments
    • G10H2220/155—User input interfaces for electrophonic musical instruments
    • G10H2220/265—Key design details; Special characteristics of individual keys of a keyboard; Key-like musical input devices, e.g. finger sensors, pedals, potentiometers, selectors
    • G10H2220/305—Key design details; Special characteristics of individual keys of a keyboard; Key-like musical input devices, e.g. finger sensors, pedals, potentiometers, selectors using a light beam to detect key, pedal or note actuation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H2220/00—Input/output interfacing specifically adapted for electrophonic musical tools or instruments
    • G10H2220/155—User input interfaces for electrophonic musical instruments
    • G10H2220/405—Beam sensing or control, i.e. input interfaces involving substantially immaterial beams, radiation, or fields of any nature, used, e.g. as a switch as in a light barrier, or as a control device, e.g. using the theremin electric field sensing principle
    • G10H2220/435—Ultrasound, i.e. input or control device involving inaudible pressure waves, e.g. focused as a beam

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to the field of music teaching. More particularly, the present invention relates to a musical instrument teaching system, method and computer-readable storage medium.
  • the traditional teaching methods of musical instruments are mostly face-to-face on-site teaching between teachers and students.
  • online teaching has become a new way of teaching musical instruments.
  • the teacher's explanation of the teaching material is broadcast live through video, the students practice on their own instruments, the teacher watches and Listen to the students’ performances, and instruct the students to perform remotely through video; 2.
  • the teacher's explanation of the teaching material is played through the video, and the video contains the operation prompts for playing the musical instrument, and the students play the corresponding positions according to the prompts of the video.
  • the above-mentioned traditional musical instrument teaching methods and online teaching methods have many shortcomings. Specifically, the traditional teaching method requires teachers and students to be present at the same time, so it is inconvenient for students to practice independently without the teacher's on-site guidance. In addition, the online teaching method cannot enable students to obtain intuitive and directly reflected guidance information on the musical instrument, so it cannot truly realize remote interactive teaching, so the improvement of students' ability to play musical instruments is very limited.
  • the present invention provides a musical instrument teaching system, method and computer-readable storage medium.
  • students who perform performance training can find out in real time their deficiencies and areas that need improvement in the performance process, so that the effectiveness of performance learning can be greatly improved. Based on this, the present invention provides the following solutions in various aspects.
  • the present invention discloses a musical instrument teaching system.
  • the musical instrument teaching system includes: a training module, which is arranged at the musical instrument and is configured to acquire training signals generated by a student performing a performance operation on the musical instrument during the performance; a storage module, which is configured to store the A reference signal generated by the musical instrument performing a performance operation; a processing module configured to generate a correction signal for correcting the student's playing operation according to the comparison of the training signal and the reference signal, wherein the correction signal and at least one a corrective operation association; and a corrective module disposed at the musical instrument and configured to: receive the corrective signal from the processing module; and visually present the corrective signal to the student to assist in The trainee performs the corresponding corrective action.
  • the corrective module includes a lighting assembly disposed at the musical instrument, wherein the lighting assembly indicates different corrective operations to the student in different lighting patterns.
  • the correction signal includes a correction signal for correcting one or more of the position, strength and rhythm of the student's performance of the musical instrument.
  • the training module includes a detection circuit arranged at the playing area or the striking area of the musical instrument and configured to detect the performance of the student at the playing area or the striking area operate and generate corresponding training signals.
  • the detection circuit includes one or more of the following: a vibration sensor, a microelectromechanical system sensor, a magnetic induction circuit, a capacitive induction circuit, an ultrasonic sensor, and a light sensor.
  • the training module includes a timer configured to collect rhythm signals when a student performs a performance operation on the playing area or percussion area.
  • the corrective module has a shape adapted to the musical instrument and is detachably connected to the musical instrument.
  • the musical instrument teaching system further includes a display terminal configured to output performance instruction information and/or correction signals for guiding the student to play to the student, wherein the storage module and/or The processing module is arranged at the cloud server.
  • the present invention also discloses a method for teaching musical instruments.
  • the method includes: collecting at the musical instrument a training signal generated by a student performing a performance operation on the musical instrument during performance; generating a correction signal for correcting the student's performance according to the training signal and the reference signal, wherein the correction signal is associated with at least one correction operation and the reference signal is a signal resulting from a performance operation on the musical instrument; the correction signal is received at the instrument and visually presented to the student The correction signal is used to assist the trainee to perform the corresponding correction operation.
  • the present invention also discloses a computer-readable storage medium comprising program instructions for musical instrument teaching, which, when executed by a processor, enable the aforementioned method for musical instrument teaching to be implemented .
  • students using the system of the present invention can perform performance training independently without the on-site guidance of teachers.
  • the students can know their own performance in real time and accurately through the correction module of the system of the present invention, such as the accuracy of the performance, whether there are errors and the reasons for the errors.
  • the correction module students can also know how to overcome the aforementioned mistakes and improve their performance level in a targeted manner.
  • the correction mode of the system of the present invention instructs the students in a visual manner, it is convenient for the students to understand how to correct their own performance errors, so as to improve their performance level.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram showing the composition of a musical instrument teaching system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram showing the composition of a musical instrument teaching system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing an exemplary structure of a key area of a piano-type musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing an exemplary structure of a striking area of a drum musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is an exemplary structural diagram illustrating a light emitting assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a musical instrument teaching method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the system of the present invention can realize the real-time acquisition of the performance status of the students during training, and intuitively and timely guide the students , in order to improve its performance.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram showing the composition of a musical instrument teaching system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the musical instrument teaching system 100 of the present invention may include a training module 110 , a processing module 120 , a storage module 130 and a correction module 140 .
  • the training module may be arranged on the musical instrument, which is used for real-time acquisition of training signals generated by the student performing the above-mentioned musical instrument during the performance.
  • the storage module is used for storing the reference signal generated by performing the musical instrument operation.
  • the processing module is configured to generate a correction signal for correcting the performance of the student by comparing the aforementioned training signal with the reference signal, wherein the correction signal is associated with at least one correction operation, and the correction operation may, for example, include: pressing a key, tapping Drum heads or plucked strings, etc.
  • the correction module is arranged on the musical instrument, and is used for receiving the correction signal from the above-mentioned processing module, and then presenting the correction signal to the student in a visual manner, so as to guide the student to perform the corresponding correction operation.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram showing the composition of a musical instrument teaching system 200 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the musical instrument teaching system 200 may include a training module 110 , a processing module 120 , a storage module 130 and a correction module 140 .
  • the aforementioned training module 110 may include a detection circuit 110-1 for detecting a player's performance operation at the playing area or striking area of the musical instrument and generating a corresponding training signal.
  • the detection circuit may include one or more of a vibration sensor 110-11, a microelectromechanical system sensor 110-12, a magnetic induction circuit 110-13, and a light sensor 110-14 to sense or detect a student's The performance of the musical instrument.
  • the above-mentioned detection circuit can be arranged below the playing area or percussion area of the musical instrument, for example, below the keys of a piano musical instrument or the drum surface of a drum musical instrument, so as to obtain real-time information about the pressed keys or the drum surface. Information such as the strength, position and time of the hit.
  • the reference signals stored in the above-mentioned storage module 130 may be generated in the following manner: First, an exemplary signal group is acquired.
  • a player with rich performance experience can play a certain piece of music on the musical instrument equipped with the training module of the present invention, and every performance action (for example, each pressing, knocking, etc.) performed by the player on the musical instrument click or touch) to generate a demonstration signal. Therefore, each time the music piece is played, a group of demonstration signals of the music piece is generated, and the group of demonstration signals is the demonstration signal group of the music piece.
  • the training module can obtain several groups of demonstration signal groups of the music piece.
  • reference signals may be generated based on the aforementioned sets of exemplary signal groups.
  • the above-mentioned multiple sets of demonstration signal groups can be used as samples, and the demonstration signal of each performance action can be processed by the normal distribution method, so that a set of reference signals for playing the music piece can be obtained, which is the context of the present invention. called the reference signal.
  • the training module of the present invention is used to collect signals
  • the above-mentioned demonstration signal group and the reference signal obtained later can be regarded as the performance signals corresponding to the performance of the musical instrument at different time points. collection.
  • the reference signal obtained in the above manner can be regarded as a standard or professionally recognized performance operation.
  • the above manner of obtaining the reference signal is only exemplary and not limiting, and different manners may also be adopted according to different application scenarios or actual conditions.
  • the music piece played by the performance teacher using the training module of the present invention can also be directly used as a reference signal to correct the lack of performance of the students.
  • the aforementioned processing module 120 may be composed of a chip or circuit with analysis, judgment, and computing capabilities, and its specific workflow may be exemplified as follows: first, compare the training signal collected when the student is playing with the above-mentioned The reference signals discussed are compared for analysis. According to different implementations, the comparative analysis here may involve the performance length of the music piece. Taking the student playing the marimba as an example, when the student uses the marimba to practice a musical score of four or four beats with a duration of one minute, the duration of each beat is one second, and at each beat, the training module of the present invention The training signal will be recorded.
  • the one-minute training signal collected by the training module can be compared and analyzed with the above reference signal.
  • the comparative analysis may be a second-by-second or beat-by-beat comparison, that is, a comparative analysis of the training signal and the reference signal is performed on each beat. Assuming that there are 60 standard reference signals in one minute, while the number of training signals collected by the training module is 50, the processing module determines that there is an error in the performance of the student within one minute through the comparison of the numbers, so as to generate a corresponding correction signal.
  • the playing time of the comparative analysis can be adjusted according to the ability of the students. For example, for beginner students, a comparative analysis can be done immediately after each note is played, and a correction signal can be generated.
  • the processing module can perform comparative analysis after the performance of the entire piece of music to generate a correction signal.
  • the processing module may send the correction signal generated by comparing with the reference signal to the correction module.
  • the training module of the present invention will generate a training signal different from the reference signal.
  • the training module will collect training signals that include information on the strength and/or position of the student's failure during the stroke.
  • the training signal can then be compared in the time dimension and/or the coordinate dimension with reference signals that have been previously stored, based on eg a remotely located processing module, to generate a correction signal for the correct force and position of hitting the drumhead.
  • the role of the processing module is equivalent to that the teacher compares the student's performance operation with the standard performance operation, so as to find out the student's incorrect operation. Further, correct performance guidance can be given for the aforementioned incorrect performance operation, as well as an additional overall evaluation.
  • the above-mentioned correction module 140 may include a light-emitting component 140-1, which may correct the operation of the student in the form of light-emitting by the light-emitting component. For example, a student should press a certain key at a certain time, but due to the student's misoperation, the key is not pressed at the specified time. At this time, the light-emitting components arranged above the key will be lit to remind The correct operation of the student should be to press the key.
  • the visual correction signal conveyed to the student is equivalent to the teacher's guidance on the student's incorrect operation.
  • students can still receive real-time, intuitive guidance directly fed back to the instrument while training alone. Since the actual performance operation information of the student comes from the musical instrument and is not obtained through other channels, the collected actual performance operation information of the student is more accurate, and the correction signal fed back to the student can be used to correct the student's lack of performance. more accurate and effective.
  • the guidance is based on the actual performance operation information of the students, so it is more pertinent and the effect of the training guidance is better.
  • the musical instrument teaching system 200 of the present invention may further include a display terminal 150, which is used for outputting performance instruction information and/or correction signals for guiding the students to play to the students.
  • the above-mentioned performance instruction information and/or correction signal may be a text signal, an audio signal, a video signal or a combination thereof.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating a key area 300 of a piano-type musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the key area 300 of the musical instrument may include a key 301 , a detection circuit 302 , a support panel 303 and a light-emitting component 304 .
  • the detection circuit 302 arranged below the key 301 in FIG. 3 is a vibration sensor. Further, the vibration sensor is arranged on the support panel 303 .
  • light emitting components 304 are arranged above the keys.
  • the vibration sensor below the key when the key is actuated, the vibration sensor below the key will obtain a corresponding amount of mechanical vibration, and the mechanical vibration energy is received by the mechanical part of the vibration sensor to form another mechanical vibration amount suitable for transformation. Finally, the mechanical vibration amount is converted into an electrical signal by the electromechanical conversion part of the vibration sensor. Further, the training module can obtain the position of the touched key through the number of the vibration sensor, and obtain the strength of the touched key through the electrical signal output by the vibration sensor, and then output the position signal and the strength signal, and the training signal collected by the detection circuit includes: position and velocity signals.
  • the detection circuit can also be one or more of a pressure sensor, a magnetic induction circuit, a capacitive induction circuit, an ultrasonic sensor and a light sensor, wherein the type, quantity and layout of the detection circuit can be determined according to the type of musical instrument configuration.
  • the detection circuit can be a light sensor, which senses the position and time when the strings are played through changes in light near the strings.
  • the detection circuit of the drum instrument may be a magnetic induction circuit or the like.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating a striking area 400 of a drum musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the striking area 400 of the drum musical instrument may include a drum head 401, a detection circuit 402, a support panel, etc., wherein the detection circuit may be closely arranged under the drum head, so as to better Detect the signal generated by the student's percussion on the drumhead.
  • the detection circuit 402 in FIG. 4 may be a magnetic induction area.
  • each magnetic induction area may include a respective magnetic induction circuit to generate the associated magnetic induction signal when the magnetic induction area is triggered.
  • the above-mentioned magnetic induction circuit may include a circuit composed of magnetic induction coils (the magnetic induction coils are represented in the form of grids in FIG. 4 ).
  • the magnetic induction coil is energized, based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, an excitation alternating electromagnetic field is generated in the magnetic induction area.
  • the magnetic induction area is triggered, the magnetic flux of its alternating magnetic field will change, and the training module can calculate the position of the magnetic induction area through the change of the magnetic flux, and then output the position signal.
  • the training module can also determine the actual operation mode of the trainee by calculating the change of the magnetic flux.
  • the operation modes of different musical instruments are different, and the operation modes of the drum musical instrument in this embodiment may include operations such as hitting the drum surface, swiping over the drum surface, or striking the drum surface.
  • the training signal collected by the detection circuit can include the position signal and the operation mode signal.
  • the force signal of hitting the drum head can also be obtained by arranging a pressure sensor under the drum head.
  • the above-mentioned detection circuit may further include a timer, so as to detect whether the operation of the student at each time point during the performance is accurate, and whether the overall performance time is qualified. For example, at the 18th second of the performance, a certain key should be pressed, but when the timer counts up to the 18th second, the key is not pressed, which indicates that the student's operation at this moment is wrong, so the training module will The action that will capture the error. For example, if the complete performance time of a piece is 3 minutes and 20 seconds, but the actual performance time of the student is 3 minutes and 18 seconds, it means that the performance of the student is unqualified, and there must be a misoperation at some/some time points.
  • a timer so as to detect whether the operation of the student at each time point during the performance is accurate, and whether the overall performance time is qualified. For example, at the 18th second of the performance, a certain key should be pressed, but when the timer counts up to the 18th second, the key is not pressed, which indicates
  • the training module will collect the misoperation at a certain/some time point, and will also collect the overall performance time difference "2 seconds".
  • the rhythm signal can also be the time point of each performance operation. When the time point of the actual performance operation of the student is inconsistent with the time point in the corresponding reference signal, it indicates that the student's rhythm is wrong at this time.
  • the reference signal and the correction signal may also be multi-dimensional, and the dimensions here may include: position, strength, operation mode, and rhythm.
  • the training signal, the reference signal, and the correction signal may each include one or more of a position signal, a velocity signal, an operation mode signal, and a rhythm signal.
  • the generation process of the reference signal is as follows: First, a player with rich performance experience plays a certain piece of music on the musical instrument arranged with the training module, and each time the piece is played once , that is, to generate a set of training signals. After many times of performance, multiple sets of training signals of the music piece are generated. Further, using the above-mentioned multiple sets of training signals as samples, the signals in at least one dimension included in the training signals of each step are processed by the normal distribution method, thereby obtaining a set of multi-dimensional reference signals of the music piece.
  • the specific workflow of the processing module is as follows: first, compare the training signal with the reference signal in at least one dimension, then find a training signal that is different from the reference signal, and finally compare the training signal with the reference signal
  • the generated correction signal is sent to the correction module.
  • the present invention can acquire training signals of multiple dimensions of students by using different types of detection circuits, so as to guide students more accurately.
  • different types of detection circuits can also be adapted to a variety of musical instruments.
  • the above-mentioned musical instruments may be one or more of pianos, electronic organs, xylophones, vibraphones, marimba, chimes, drums, and Chinese drums.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating a light emitting assembly 500 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the light-emitting component of the present invention may include a first light-emitting component 501 , a second light-emitting component 502 , a third light-emitting component 503 and a fourth light-emitting component 504 .
  • the number and layout of the above-mentioned light-emitting components can be configured according to the type of musical instrument.
  • the first light-emitting component, the second light-emitting component, and the third light-emitting component in FIG. 5 may be arranged below the drumhead, and the three are connected to each other to form a ring shape, and the drumhead is divided into a rim area, Drum center and drum center.
  • the correction signal is a position signal at this time to remind the student to tap the position where the first light-emitting component is located; similarly, when the second or third light-emitting component is lit, the Then remind the students that they should tap the position of the second light-emitting component or the third light-emitting component.
  • the fourth light-emitting component may be arranged on the side of the drumhead, which is a light-emitting component for prompting the student to strike the drumhead.
  • the light-emitting assembly is a light strip, which may include a plurality of single lights connected in sequence. When playing a musical instrument, light up the single lights in sequence from one end of the light strip. The more single lights are lit, the stronger the strength signal is; when the strength needs to reach the maximum, all single lights are lit; When the force signal is reached, the light strip will not be lit.
  • the aforementioned correction module converts the correction signal into a control signal for controlling the light-emitting component.
  • the light-emitting component can be arranged on the musical instrument, and it can emit light signals according to the control signal, so that it can be intuitively and Directly instruct students to play.
  • the correction signal can be of various types, and the various correction signals can be converted into different control signals.
  • the light-emitting component sends out diversified light signals according to the different control signals, wherein the different light signals represent different tips.
  • the state of the light-emitting components arranged above the keys can be used to remind students whether the keys pressed are correct.
  • the light-emitting component above the key will be lit, reminding the student that the key needs to be pressed at that time.
  • the light-emitting component after the light-emitting component is turned on, it will be turned off within a certain period of time, and the period of time may be, for example, 0.5 seconds.
  • the light-emitting component can be a single lamp, or a lamp group composed of multiple single lamps, or a liquid crystal display, an optical component composed of optical fibers, etc., which can emit light through electrical or optical signals. device. Further, the light-emitting component can emit light of one color or light of multiple colors, and can convey different correction signals to the students through the color change. In one embodiment, when the light is orange, it means that the tapping force is too strong; when the light is red, it means that the operation should have been done but not operated; when the light is yellow, it means that the operating force is not enough; When it is blue, it means that the operation is not equal.
  • the shapes of different light emitting assemblies may also be different. As shown in FIG. 5 , the shapes of the first light-emitting component, the second light-emitting component and the third light-emitting component are adapted to the drum surface and connected to the drum surface in a detachable manner.
  • the teaching system of the present invention can flexibly transfer the first light-emitting component, the second light-emitting component, the third light-emitting component and the fourth light-emitting component to different drum surfaces according to the actual needs of the user, thereby improving the performance of the musical instrument teaching system. Fit rate and utilization, easy to sell or rent.
  • the above correction signal can be used to correct the operation position, strength, operation mode and rhythm of the student during the performance, and the light-emitting component indicates different correction operations to the student in different light-emitting modes.
  • the musical instrument teaching system of the present invention enables it to adapt to a variety of musical instruments through a variety of correction signals, thereby accurately guiding students' performance from multiple dimensions.
  • the aforementioned various correction signals may be transmitted to the student through the light-emitting component in the form of light, and may also be delivered to the student through the aforementioned display terminal.
  • the display terminal can be a TV, a computer, a mobile phone, or a projection device, etc., and can be used to output performance instruction information for guiding the performance to the students, and can also be used to play the performance video to the students.
  • the performance video may include, but is not limited to, the following information: 1. The target musical score or note; 2. Demonstration of the expression method of the above-mentioned target musical score or note; 3. Information such as the performance progress accompanying the above-mentioned target musical score or note.
  • the above-mentioned performance instruction information and correction signal may be an evaluation report in the form of text.
  • the correction signal can be fed back to the students in a real-time feedback manner in the form of light-emitting components, so that beginners can correct errors immediately in the learning process.
  • they can give feedback to the students in the form of an evaluation report after the overall performance, and the students can correct and practice the mistakes pointed out in the report.
  • the storage module and processing module of the teaching system of the present invention may be arranged in a single-computer system, a server system or a cloud server system according to actual needs.
  • the arrangement of the storage module and the processing module of the present invention is very flexible, and the two can be arranged locally (ie, at one place with the musical instrument) or remotely (ie, at a greater distance from the musical instrument), And the two can be arranged in the same place or separately.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a method 600 for teaching a musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the method 600 for teaching musical instruments of the present invention may include the following steps:
  • Step S601 Collect training signals generated by students performing performance operations on the above-mentioned musical instruments during the performance of the above-mentioned musical instruments through the detection circuit arranged at the above-mentioned musical instruments;
  • Step S602 the training module sends the above-mentioned training signal to the processing module;
  • Step S603 the processing module obtains the reference signal from the storage module.
  • the reference signal here can be the performance operation signal that the performance teacher played in advance and was correctly collected;
  • Step S604 The processing module compares the reference signal with the training signal (including various required analysis and processing exemplarily described above) to obtain a correction signal for correcting the trainee.
  • the training signal may be compared with the reference signal in the time dimension (ie, based on the same time point).
  • the reference signal can be directly used as a correction signal to correct the performance errors of the students;
  • Step S605 Send the analyzed correction signal to the correction module as a result.
  • the analysis result here includes the specific type of the reference signal, such as a position signal, a velocity signal or a rhythm signal; in addition, the above analysis result may also include a specific velocity value of the velocity signal;
  • Step S606 The correction module receives the correction signal, and sends the correction signal to the corresponding light-emitting component. For example: if the correction signal is a position signal, send the correction signal to the light-emitting component for prompting the position; if the correction signal is a strength signal, send the correction signal to the light-emitting component for prompting the strength, and at the same time the correction signal is used for The light-emitting component that prompts the strength performs a corresponding lighting operation according to the specific strength value contained in the correction signal; further, the light-emitting component emits light according to the instruction of the correction signal, and presents the above-mentioned correction signal to the above-mentioned student in a visual manner to assist the above-mentioned student to perform appropriate corrective action.
  • the correction signal obtained in the above step S604 can be fed back to the trainee in real time, that is, when the trainee performs an incorrect operation, the light emitting component is immediately made to emit corresponding light to prompt the trainee.
  • the processing module may also collect and integrate the correction signals generated during the performance into an evaluation signal after the performance of the entire piece of music.
  • the evaluation signal may comprise a set of correction signals distributed over different time points. After the performance, the processing module may generate an evaluation report based on the evaluation signal, and send the evaluation report to the student, so as to point out errors and deficiencies in the performance to the student in the form of the evaluation report.
  • each key of the piano is provided with an LED light for prompting the playing position and an LED light strip for prompting the pressing force.
  • the above LED light strip contains 10 LED lights arranged in parallel. When all the LED lights of the LED light strip are lit, it represents a force of 1 N, and when the nine strips are lit, it represents a force of 0.9 N, and so on. When a light strip is lit, it represents a force of 0.1 N.
  • a timer and pressure sensor are arranged under the keys.
  • the student plays a piece of music, and the rhythm signal, position signal and velocity signal generated during the performance are collected by the timer and pressure sensor in the training module; then, the training module sends the above rhythm signal, position signal and velocity signal to the A processing module; the processing module retrieves the reference signal of the music piece from the storage module, and the reference signal also includes a rhythm signal, a position signal and a velocity signal. Subsequently, the processing module compares and analyzes the rhythm signal, position signal and velocity signal at each time point during the student's performance with the rhythm signal, position signal and velocity signal in the reference signal at the same time point, namely, the training signal's rhythm signal, position signal and velocity signal. The rhythm signal is compared with the rhythm signal of the reference signal; the position signal of the training signal is compared with the position signal of the reference signal; the strength signal of the training signal is compared with the strength signal of the reference signal.
  • the dimension in the reference signal is signal as a correction signal.
  • the correction signal is the position signal of the reference signal at the time point of 2 minutes and 5 seconds.
  • the processing module sends the position signal as a correction signal to the light-emitting component for prompting the operation position, that is, the LED light above the D key in the low-pitched area. Finally, the LED light above the D key lights up to remind the student that the key should be pressed.
  • the student should play the A key in the low range with a force of 1 N, but the timer and the pressure sensor detected that the The A key is pressed with a force of 0.5N.
  • the strength signal of the training signal is different from that of the reference signal. Therefore, the correction signal is the strength signal of the reference signal at the time point of 1 minute and 8 seconds.
  • the processing module sends the force signal (including the force value) as a correction signal to the light-emitting component for prompting the operation force, that is, the LED light strip above the A key in the low-pitched region. Finally, the LED strips above the A key are all lit to remind the student that they should press the key with greater force at the time point of 1 minute and 8 seconds.
  • the method for musical instrument teaching of the present invention proposed based on the above scheme collects training signals in real-time during students' performance and practice, and feeds back intuitive correction signals for guiding students, so that students can still receive direct responses in real time when they train alone Intuitive guidance to the instrument, so as to achieve two-way communication between teaching and learning, and achieve good teaching results.
  • the present invention also discloses a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may include program instructions for musical instrument teaching, and when executed by a processor, cause the above-described program instructions to implement the aforementioned method for musical instrument teaching.
  • the term “if” may be contextually interpreted as “when” or “once” or “in response to determining” or “in response to detecting”.
  • the phrases “if it is determined” or “if the [described condition or event] is detected” may be interpreted, depending on the context, to mean “once it is determined” or “in response to the determination” or “once the [described condition or event] is detected. ]” or “in response to detection of the [described condition or event]”.

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Abstract

一种乐器教学系统、方法及可读存储介质。乐器教学系统（100）包括：训练模块（110），其布置于乐器处并且配置用于获取学员在演奏过程中对乐器进行演奏操作而产生的训练信号；存储模块（130），其配置用于存储对乐器进行演奏操作而产生的参考信号；处理模块（120），其配置用于根据训练信号和参考信号的比对生成用于矫正学员演奏操作的矫正信号，其中矫正信号与至少一种矫正操作关联；以及矫正模块（140），其布置于乐器处并且配置用于：接收来自处理模块（120）的矫正信号；以及以可视的方式向学员呈现矫正信号，以辅助学员执行相应的矫正操作。

Description

乐器教学系统、方法及可读存储介质
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2021年4月19日申请的，申请号为2021104193696，名称为“乐器教学系统、方法及可读存储介质”的中国专利申请的优先权。
技术领域
本发明一般地涉及音乐教学领域。更具体地，本发明涉及一种乐器教学系统、方法及计算机可读存储介质。
背景技术
传统的乐器教学方式多为教师与学员面对面现场教学。随着互联网科技的发展，线上教学成为一种新兴的乐器教学方式，线上教学主要有三种方式：1.通过视频直播教师对教材的讲解，学员在自己的乐器上进行练习，教师观看并听取学员的演奏，并通过视频的方式远程指导学员演奏；2.通过视频播放预先录制的教师对教材的讲解，学员在自己的乐器上进行练习，教师不观看和/或听取学员的演奏；3.通过视频播放教师对教材的讲解，其中视频中包含对弹奏乐器的操作提示，并且学员根据视频的提示来弹奏相对应的位置。
上述传统的乐器教学方式和线上教学方式有诸多缺点。具体地，传统的教学方式要求教师和学员同时在场，因此不便于学员脱离教师现场指导而独自进行练习。另外，线上教学方式无法使学员获得直观的、直接体现在乐器上的指导信息，因此无法真正实现远程互动教学，从而对学员弹奏乐器能力的提升十分有限。
发明内容
为至少解决上述背景技术中的一个或多个问题，本发明提供了一种乐器教学系统、方法及计算机可读存储介质。通过本发明提供的方案，进行演奏训练的学员可以实时地发现自己在演奏过程中的不足和需要改进之处，从而可以大幅提高演奏学习的成效。基于此，本发明在多个方面中提供如下的多种解决方案。
在一个方面中，本发明公开了一种乐器教学系统。该乐器教学系统包括：训练模块，其布置于所述乐器处并且配置用于获取学员在演奏过程中对所述乐器进行演奏操作而产生的训练信号；存储模块，其配置用于存储对所述乐器进行演奏操作而产生的参考信号；处理模块，其配置用于根据所述训练信号和参考信号的比对生成用于矫正所述学员演奏操作的矫正信号，其中所述矫正信号与至少一种矫正操作关联；以及矫正模块，其布置于所述乐器处并且配置用于：接收来自所述处理模块的所述矫正信号；以及以可视的方式向所述学员呈现所述矫正信号，以辅助所述学员执行相应的矫正操作。
在一个实施例中，所述矫正模块包括布置于所述乐器处的发光组件，其中所述发光组件以不同的发光模式向所述学员指示不同的矫正操作。
在另一个实施例中，所述矫正信号包括用于矫正学员对所述乐器进行演奏操作的位置、力度和节奏中的一种或多种的矫正信号。
在又一个实施例中，所述训练模块包括布置于所述乐器弹奏区或敲击区处的检测电路，其配置用于检测学员在所述弹奏区或敲击区处的所述演奏操作并且生成对应的训练信号。
在一个实施例中，所述检测电路包括以下的一种或多种：振动传感器、微机电系统传 感器、磁感应电路、电容感应电路、超声波传感器以及光传感器。
在另一个实施例中，所述训练模块包括计时器，其配置用于采集学员对所述弹奏区或敲击区进行演奏操作时的节奏信号。
在又一个实施例中，其中所述矫正模块具有与所述乐器相适配的形状并且以可拆卸的方式与所述乐器连接。
在一个实施例中，所述乐器教学系统进一步包括显示终端，其配置用于向所述学员输出用于指导所述学员演奏的演奏指示信息和/或矫正信号，其中所述存储模块和/或处理模块布置于云端服务器处。
在另一方面中，本发明还公开了一种用于乐器教学的方法。该方法包括：在所述乐器处采集学员在演奏过程中对所述乐器进行演奏操作而产生的训练信号；根据所述训练信号和参考信号生成用于矫正所述学员演奏操作的矫正信号，其中所述矫正信号与至少一种矫正操作关联并且所述参考信号是对所述乐器进行演奏操作而产生的信号；在所述乐器处接收所述矫正信号并且以可视的方式向所述学员呈现所述矫正信号，以辅助所述学员执行相应的矫正操作。
在另一方面中，本发明还公开了一种计算机可读存储介质，其包括用于乐器教学的程序指令，当所述程序指令由处理器执行时，使得实现前述的用于乐器教学的方法。
通过本发明上述多个方面中记载的方案及其实施例，利用本发明系统的学员可以在脱离教师现场指导的情况下独自进行演奏训练。在训练过程中，学员可以通过本发明系统的矫正模块实时且精准地了解自己演奏的情况，例如演奏的准确性、是否存在失误以及造成失误的原因。进一步，通过矫正模块，学员也可以知晓如何克服前述的失误并且有针对性地提升自己的演奏水平。另外，由于本发明系统的矫正模式以可视的方式向学员进行指示，从而方便学员理解如何矫正自己的演奏错误，以提升自己的演奏水平。
附图说明
通过参考附图阅读下文的详细描述，可以更好地理解本发明的上述特征，并且其众多目的、特征和优点对于本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可根据这些附图获得其他的附图，其中:
图1是示出根据本发明实施例的乐器教学系统的组成示意框图；
图2是示出根据本发明另一个实施例的乐器教学系统的组成示意框图；
图3是示出根据本发明实施例的琴类乐器的按键区的一种示例性结构示意图；
图4是示出根据本发明实施例的鼓类乐器的击打区的一种示例性结构示意图；
图5是示出根据本发明实施例的发光组件的一种示例性结构图；以及
图6是示出根据本发明实施例的乐器教学方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
随着互联网科技的发展，线上教学成为一种新兴的乐器教学方式。相较与传统教学方 式，线上远程视频教学的方式不再要求教师和学员同时在同一场所进行教学活动，但同时存在教师无法全面获得学员演奏过程中的具体操作信息的问题，比如弹奏的具体位置、力度等，这些细微的信息通过线上远程视频是无法准确获得的，同时无法实现直接在乐器处对学员进行指导。本发明基于上述背景，设计出一套乐器教学系统。通过对该系统中的乐器进行改进，例如在乐器处布置用于采集演奏信号和矫正演奏的多个模块，本发明的系统可以实现实时获取学员训练时的演奏状况，并且直观且及时地指导学员，以便提高其演奏水平。
下面将结合附图对本发明的多个实施例进行详细地描述。
图1是示出根据本发明实施例的乐器教学系统100的组成示意框图。
如图1所示，本发明的乐器教学系统100可以包括训练模块110、处理模块120、存储模块130和矫正模块140。在一个实施例中，训练模块可以布置于乐器上，其用于实时采集学员在演奏过程中对上述乐器进行演奏操作而产生的训练信号。存储模块用于存储对乐器进行演奏操作而产生的参考信号。处理模块用于通过对前述训练信号和参考信号进行比对，从而生成用于矫正学员演奏操作的矫正信号，其中矫正信号与至少一种矫正操作关联，矫正操作例如可以包括：按压琴键、敲击鼓面或者拨动琴弦等。矫正模块布置在乐器上，其用于接收来自上述处理模块的矫正信号，然后以可视的方式向学员呈现矫正信号，以指导学员执行相应的矫正操作。
图2是示出根据本发明另一个实施例的乐器教学系统200的组成示意框图。
如图2所示，该乐器教学系统200可以包括训练模块110、处理模块120、存储模块130和矫正模块140。在一个实施方式中，前述训练模块110可以包括检测电路110-1，该检测电路用于检测学员在乐器的弹奏区或敲击区处的演奏操作并且生成对应的训练信号。在一个实施例中，该检测电路可以包括振动传感器110-11、微机电系统传感器110-12、磁感应电路110-13和光传感器110-14中的一种或多种传感器，以便感应或检测学员对乐器的演奏操作。根据不同的实施场景，上述检测电路可以布置在乐器的弹奏区或敲击区的下方，例如琴类乐器的琴键或鼓类乐器的鼓面等的下方，以便实时获取琴键被按压或者鼓面被敲击的力度、位置和时间等信息。
在一个实施例中，上述存储模块130中存储的参考信号可以通过如下方式生成：首先，获取示范信号组。在一个实现场景中，可以由具有丰富演奏经验的演奏者在布置有本发明训练模块的乐器上演奏某首乐曲，并且演奏者在乐器上进行的每一个演奏动作(例如每次的按压、敲击或触碰)均生成一个示范信号。由此，每演奏该乐曲一次，即生成该乐曲的一组示范信号，该组示范信号即该乐曲的示范信号组。经过多次演奏后，通过训练模块就可以获得该乐曲的多组示范信号组。接着，可以基于前述的多组示范信号组来生成参考信号。在一个实现方式中，可以利用前述多组示范信号组作为样本，对每一个演奏动作的示范信号进行正态分布法处理，从而可以得到演奏该乐曲的一组基准信号，也即本发明上下文所称的参考信号。
可以理解的是，由于采用本发明的训练模块进行信号的采集，因此上述示范信号组和后期获得的参考信号均可以视为是在各个不同时间点上对乐器进行演奏操作所对应产生的演奏信号的集合。进一步，以上述方式所获得的参考信号可以视为标准的或者受专业人士认可的演奏操作。另外，上述获得参考信号的方式也仅仅是示例性的而非限制性的，根据不同的应用场景或实际条件也可以采取不同的方式。例如，也可以直接将演奏老师利用 本发明训练模模块演奏后的乐曲做为参考信号，以用于矫正学员的演奏不足。
在一个实施例中，前述处理模块120可以由具有分析、判断和计算能力的芯片或者电路组成，其具体工作流程可以示例性如下进行：首先，将学员演奏时采集到的训练信号与上文所讨论的参考信号做对比分析。根据不同的实现方式，这里的对比分析可以涉及乐曲的演奏长度。以学员演奏马林巴琴为例，当学员使用马林巴琴练习一段时长为一分钟的四四拍乐谱，每一个节拍的时长是一秒，并且在每一节拍处，本发明的训练模块将记录训练信号。在该一分钟时长的演奏结束后，可以将通过训练模块采集到的一分钟时长的训练信号与上述参考信号做对比分析。该对比分析可以是逐秒或者说逐节拍的比对，即在每一个节拍上将训练信号与参考信号做对比分析。假设一分钟内标准的参考信号是60个，而训练模块采集的训练信号是50个，则处理模块通过数目的比较确定学员在此一分钟内的演奏存在失误，从而生成对应的矫正信号。对比分析的演奏时长可以根据学员的能力来调整。例如针对初级学员，可以在每一个音符演奏结束后即刻做对比分析，并生成矫正信号。然而，针对高级学员(其出错的机率相对于初级学员较少)，可以在整首乐曲演奏结束后由处理模块做对比分析，以生成矫正信号。最后，处理模块可以将与参考信号比对生成的矫正信号发送给矫正模块。
再以学员敲击鼓进行演奏训练为例，当学员敲击鼓面的力度和/或位置不正确时，本发明的训练模块将产生与参考信号不同的训练信号。换句话说，训练模块将采集学员在敲击过程中包括失误的力度和/或位置信息的训练信号。接着，基于例如位于远端的处理模块，可以在时间维度和/或坐标维度上将训练信号与先前已经存储的参考信号进行比较，从而生成敲击鼓面的正确力度和位置的矫正信号。
可以看出，在上述的示例性工作流程中，处理模块起到的作用相当于教师将学员的演奏操作与标准的演奏操作做对比，从而发现学员不正确的操作。进一步，可以针对前述不正确的演奏操作给出正确的演奏指导，以及附加的整体评价。
在一个实施方式中，上述矫正模块140可以包括发光组件140-1，其可以通过发光组件发光的形式来矫正学员的操作。例如，学员应当在某个时间点按压某个琴键，但由于学员的误操作，导致该琴键未在规定的时间点按压，此时该琴键上方布置的发光组件将会被点亮，用以提醒学员正确的操作应该是按压该琴键。
可以理解的是，传达给学员的可视的矫正信号相当于教师针对学员不正确的操作提出的指导意见。通过这种方式，可以使学员在独自训练时依然可实时接收到直接反馈到乐器处的直观的指导意见。由于该学员的实际演奏操作信息来自乐器处而并不是通过其他途径获得，因此采集到的该学员的实际演奏操作信息更加精准，由此反馈到学员处的矫正信号对于矫正学员的演奏不足也就更为准确和有效。另外，该指导意见建立在学员的实际演奏操作信息的基础上，从而更具有针对性，使得训练指导的效果更好。
根据不同的实施场景，本发明的乐器教学系统200还可以包括显示终端150，该显示终端用于向学员输出用于指导学员演奏的演奏指示信息和/或矫正信号。可选地，上述演奏指示信息和/或矫正信号可以是文字信号、音频信号、视频信号或者是它们的结合。
图3是示出根据本发明实施例的琴类乐器的按键区300的结构示意图。
如图3所示，本发明实施例的琴类乐器的按键区300可以包括琴键301、检测电路302、支撑面板303和发光组件304。具体地，图3中布置于琴键301下方的检测电路302为振动传感器。进一步，振动传感器布置在支撑面板303上。另外，琴键上方布置有发光组件 304。
在一个实施例中，当琴键被触动时，琴键下方的振动传感器将获得相应的机械振动量，该机械振动能量被振动传感器的机械部分接收，以便形成另一个适合于变换的机械振动量。最后，由振动传感器的机电变换部分将机械振动量变换为电信号。进一步，训练模块可以通过振动传感器的编号获得被触动的琴键的位置，并且通过振动传感器输出的电信号获得触动琴键的力度，进而输出位置信号和力度信号，此时检测电路采集到的训练信号包含位置信号和力度信号。
在不同的应用场景中，检测电路还可以是压力传感器、磁感应电路、电容感应电路、超声波传感器以及光传感器中的一种或多种，其中检测电路的种类、数量和布局可以根据乐器的类型进行配置。例如对于吉他和古筝等以弹奏琴弦为主的乐器，检测电路可以是光传感器，这种传感器通过琴弦附近光线的变化感知琴弦被弹奏的位置和时间。另外，鼓类乐器的检测电路可以是磁感应电路等。
图4是示出根据本发明实施例的鼓类乐器的击打区400的结构示意图。
如图4所示，本发明实施例的鼓类乐器的击打区400可以包括鼓面401、检测电路402和支撑面板等，其中检测电路可以紧贴布置于鼓面的下面，以便更好地针对学员对鼓面的敲击所产生的信号进行检测。
如图4所示，在一个实施例中，图4中的检测电路402可以为磁感应区。在一个场景中，每个磁感应区可以包括各自的磁感应电路，以便在磁感应区受到触发时产生关联的上述磁感应信号。上述磁感应电路可以包括由磁感应线圈组成的电路(在图4中以网格的形式表示磁感应线圈)。当磁感应线圈通电时，基于电磁感应原理，在磁感应区产生激励交变电磁场。进一步，当磁感应区被触发时，其交变磁场的磁通会产生变化，训练模块可以通过磁通量的变化计算获得磁感应区所在的位置，进而输出位置信号。
进一步，训练模块还可以通过计算磁通量的变化来确定学员的实际操作的方式。不同乐器的操作方式各有不同，针对于本实施例的鼓类乐器的操作方式可以包括：敲击鼓面、划过鼓面或者打击鼓面等操作。在这种工作模式下，检测电路采集到的训练信号可以包含位置信号和操作方式信号。另外，还可以通过在鼓面下方布置压力传感器来获得击打鼓面的力度信号。
在一个实施场景中，上述检测电路还可以包含计时器，以便检测学员在演奏过程中各个时间点的操作是否准确，以及整体演奏时间是否合格。例如，在演奏过程的第18秒某个琴键应该被按下，但当计时器计时到第18秒时，该琴键并未被按下，这说明学员此刻的操作是错误的，于是训练模块将会采集到该错误的操作。例如，一首曲子的完整演奏时间为3分20秒，但学员的实际演奏时间为3分18秒，则说明学员的演奏是不合格的，其中某个/某些时间点一定存在误操作。此时训练模块将会采集到某个/某些时间点存在的误操作，并且也将采集到整体的演奏时间差“2秒”。另外，节奏信号还可以是每一个演奏操作的时间点，当学员的实际演奏操作所在时间点与对应的参考信号中的时间点不一致时，表明此时学员的节奏是错误的。
就训练信号而言，本发明使用的不同种类的检测电路可以获取不同种类的训练信号，从而所获得的训练信号具有多维度的属性。相应地，参考信号和矫正信号可以也是多维度的，此处的维度可以包括：位置、力度、操作方式和节奏。训练信号、参考信号以及矫正信号均可以包含位置信号、力度信号、操作方式信号和节奏信号中的一种或多种。
在一个实施例中，当参考信号是多维度信号时，参考信号的生成过程如下：首先，由具有丰富演奏经验的演奏者在布置有训练模块的乐器上演奏某首乐曲，每演奏该乐曲一次，即生成一组训练信号。经过多次演奏，则生成多组该乐曲的训练信号。进一步，利用上述多组训练信号作为样本，对每一步操作的训练信号所包含的至少一个维度上的信号均进行正态分布法处理，从而得到一组该乐曲的多维度的参考信号。相应地，处理模块的具体工作流程如下：首先，将训练信号与参考信号在至少一个维度上进行对比，接着找出与参考信号不相同的训练信号，最后，将该训练信号与参考信号比对生成的矫正信号发送给矫正模块。
可以理解的是，本发明使用不同种类的检测电路可以获取学员多个维度的训练信号，以便更精准地辅导学员。同时，不同种类的检测电路还可以适配多种乐器。根据应用场景的不同，上述乐器可以是钢琴、电子琴、木琴、颤音琴、马林巴琴、编钟、架子鼓和中国鼓等乐器中的一种或多种。
图5是示出根据本发明实施例的发光组件500的结构示意图。
如图5所示，本发明的发光组件可以包括第一发光组件501、第二发光组件502、第三发光组件503和第四发光组件504。根据不同的实施场景，上述发光组件的数量和布局可以根据乐器的类型进行配置。在一个实施例中，图5中的第一发光组件、第二发光组件和第三发光组件可以布置于鼓面的下方，三者相互连接成圆环状，并且将鼓面分为鼓边区、鼓中区和鼓心区。当第一发光组件被点亮时，此时矫正信号是位置信号，以提醒学员应该敲击第一发光组件所在的位置；同理，当第二发光组件或第三发光组件被点亮时，则提醒学员应该敲击第二发光组件或第三发光组件所在的位置。
在一个实施例中，第四发光组件可以布置在鼓面的侧方，其为提示学员打击鼓面力度的发光组件。该发光组件为灯带，可以包括多个依次连接的单灯。在演奏乐器时，从灯带一端开始依次点亮单灯，被点亮的单灯越多，则说明力度信号越强；当力度需要达到最大时，所有单灯均被点亮；当没有收到力度信号时，该灯带不被点亮。
可以理解的是，就发光组件而言，前述矫正模块将矫正信号转化为控制发光组件的控制信号，进一步，发光组件可以布置在乐器上，其可以根据该控制信号发出光信号，从而可直观且直接地指导学员的演奏。根据不同的应用场景，矫正信号可以有多种类型，并且多种矫正信号可以被转化为不同的控制信号，进一步发光组件根据该不同的控制信号发出多样化的光信号，其中不同的光信号代表不同的提示。在演奏乐器时，可以通过布置在琴键上方的发光组件的状态来提醒学员按压的琴键是否正确。例如如果某琴键未在规定的时间点被按压，则该琴键上方的发光组件将会被点亮，提醒学员该时间点需要按该琴键。另外，发光组件被点亮后一定时长内将熄灭，该时长例如可以是0.5秒。
在不同的应用场景中，发光组件可以是单个灯，也可以是由多个单灯组成的灯组，或者是液晶显示屏、由光纤组成的光组件等可以通过电信号或光信号来发光的装置。进一步地，发光组件可以发出一种颜色的灯光或多种颜色的灯光，并且可以通过颜色的变换向学员传达不同的矫正信号。在一个实施例中，当灯光是桔色时，则表示敲击力度过大；当灯光是红色时，则表示本该操作而未操作；当灯光是黄色时，则表示操作力度不够；当灯光是蓝色时，则表示操作方式不对等。
在一个实施例中，不同的发光组件的形状也可以不同。如图5所示，其中第一发光组件、第二发光组件和第三发光组件的形状与鼓面相适配，并且以可拆卸的方式与鼓面连接。 本发明的教学系统可以根据使用者的实际需求灵活地将第一发光组件、第二发光组件、第三发光组件和第四发光组件转移到不同的鼓面上，从而提高了该乐器教学系统的适配率和利用率，便于出售或出租。
可以看出，上述矫正信号可以用于矫正学员演奏过程中的操作位置、力度、操作方式和节奏等，且发光组件以不同的发光模式向学员指示不同的矫正操作。本发明的乐器教学系统通过多样化的矫正信号使其能适配多种乐器，从而可以从多个维度对学员的演奏进行精准的指导。
在另一个实施例中，前述多样化的矫正信号可以通过发光组件发光的形式向学员传递，也可以通过前述显示终端向学员传递。该显示终端可以是电视、电脑、手机或投影设备等，可以用于向学员输出用于指导演奏的演奏指示信息，还可以用于向学员播放演奏视频。演奏视频中可以包含但不限于如下的信息：1、目标乐谱或音符；2、上述目标乐谱或音符的表现方法示范；3、伴随上述目标乐谱或音符的演奏进度等信息。进一步，上述演奏指示信息和矫正信号可以是一份文字形式的评价报告。
在实际应用本发明的乐器教学系统进行教学时，针对初学者，可以以实时反馈的方式将矫正信号以发光组件发光的方式反馈给学员，让初学者在学习过程中出现错误时立即纠正。另外，针对有一定经验的学员，可以在整体演奏结束后以评价报告的方式反馈给学员，学员针对报告里指出的错误再加以纠正和练习。
在一个实施例中，本发明的教学系统的存储模块和处理模块可以根据实际需要布置在单机系统、服务器系统或者云端服务器系统中。从此处的描述可以看出，本发明的存储模块和处理模块的布置非常灵活，二者可以本地布置(即与乐器布置于一处)或远端布置(即与乐器相距较远的距离)，并且二者可以布置于同一处，或分离的布置。
图6是示出根据本发明实施例的乐器教学方法600的流程图。
如图6所示，在一个实施例中，本发明用于乐器教学的方法600可以包括如下步骤：
步骤S601：通过上述乐器处布置的检测电路采集学员在演奏过程中对上述乐器进行演奏操作而产生的训练信号；
步骤S602：训练模块将上述训练信号发送给处理模块；
步骤S603：处理模块从存储模块获取参考信号。如前所述，此处的参考信号可以是演奏老师事先演奏并且被正确采集的演奏操作信号；
步骤S604：处理模块将参考信号和训练信号进行比对(包括前文示例性描述的各种所需分析和处理)，从而得到用于矫正学员的矫正信号。在一个实施场景中，可以在时间维度上(即以相同时间点为基准)将训练信号与参考信号做对比。当同一时间点上的训练信号与参考信号不相同时，可以将该参考信号直接作为矫正信号，以矫正学员的演奏错误；
步骤S605：将分析后的矫正信号作为结果发送给矫正模块。此处的分析结果包括参考信号的具体类型，例如位置信号、力度信号或节奏信号；另外，上述分析结果还可以包括力度信号的具体力度值；
步骤S606：矫正模块接收上述矫正信号，并且将矫正信号发送给对应的发光组件。例如：如果矫正信号是位置信号，则将该矫正信号发送给用于提示位置的发光组件；如果矫正信号是力度信号，则将该矫正信号发送给用于提示力度的发光组件，同时该用于提示力度的发光组件根据矫正信号里包含的具体力度值进行相应的点亮操作；进一步，发光组件根据矫正信号的指示发光，以可视的方式向上述学员呈现上述矫正信号，以辅助上述学 员执行相应的矫正操作。
在一个实施场景中，上述步骤S604中得到的矫正信号可以实时反馈给学员，即当学员出现不正确的操作时立即使发光组件发出相应的光来提示学员。在另一个实施场景中，处理模块还可以在整首乐曲演奏结束后将演奏过程中产生的矫正信号汇集并整合成评价信号。在一个实施方式中，该评价信号可以包含一组分布在不同时间点上的矫正信号。在演奏结束后，处理模块可以基于该评价信号来生成评价报告，并且将该评价报告发送给学员，以便以评价报告的形式来向学员指出演奏中的错误和不足。
下面以学员在钢琴上进行演奏练习为例进一步描述本发明的乐器教学系统的工作原理。需要说明的是，下面仅为了简化描述的目的，将参考信号视为本发明的矫正信号，即当训练信号和参考信号存在差异时，直接选择参考信号作为用于矫正学员演奏操作的矫正信号。进一步，该钢琴的每个琴键上均设置有用于提示演奏位置的LED灯和用于提示按压力度的LED灯带。上述LED灯带包含10个并列排布的LED灯，当LED灯带的LED灯全部被点亮时代表1牛的力，九个灯带被点亮时代表0.9牛的力，以此类推，一个灯带被点亮时代表0.1牛的力。琴键下布置有计时器和压力传感器。
首先，学员演奏一首乐曲，其演奏过程中产生的节奏信号、位置信号和力度信号被训练模块中的计时器和压力传感器采集；接着，训练模块将上述节奏信号、位置信号和力度信号发送至处理模块；处理模块从存储模块处调取该乐曲的参考信号，该参考信号同样包含节奏信号、位置信号和力度信号。随后，处理模块将学员演奏过程中每一个时间点上的节奏信号、位置信号和力度信号与同一时间点上的参考信号中的节奏信号、位置信号和力度信号分别进行对比分析，即将训练信号的节奏信号与参考信号的节奏信号做对比；将训练信号的位置信号与参考信号的位置信号做对比；将训练信号的力度信号与参考信号的力度信号做对比。
经过上述对比分析，当训练信号中的任何一个维度(该维度包括节奏、位置和力度)的信号与同一时间点上参考信号中该维度的信号不相同时，则将该参考信号中的该维度的信号作为矫正信号。例如在该乐曲的第2分零5秒的时间点上，学员应该弹奏低音区的D键，但经计时器和压力传感器检测，在该时间点上低音区的C键被按下，而低音区的D键并未被按下，此时训练信号的位置信号与参考信号的位置信号不同。因此，矫正信号就是第2分零5秒的时间点上的参考信号的位置信号。进一步，处理模块将该位置信号作为矫正信号发给用以提示操作位置的发光组件，即低音区的D键上方的LED灯。最后，D键上方的LED灯发光，以提示学员该琴键应该被按下。
再例如，在该乐曲的第1分零8秒的时间点上，学员应该以1牛的力弹奏低音区的A键，但经计时器和压力传感器检测，在该时间点上低音区的A键被以0.5牛的力按下，此时训练信号的力度信号与参考信号的力度信号不同。因此，矫正信号就是第1分零8秒的时间点上的参考信号的力度信号。进一步，处理模块将该力度信号(含力度值)作为矫正信号发给用以提示操作力度的发光组件，即低音区的A键上方的LED灯带。最后，A键上方的LED灯带全部点亮，以提示学员在第1分零8秒的时间点上应该以更大的力按压该琴键。
基于上述方案提出的本发明的用于乐器教学的方法实时采集学员演奏练习过程中的训练信号，同时反馈用于指导学员的、直观的矫正信号，使学员在独自训练时依然可以实时接受直接反应到乐器处的直观的指导，从而实现教与学的双向交流，取得良好的教学效 果。
另外，本发明还公开了一种计算机可读存储介质。该计算机可读存储介质可以包括用于乐器教学的程序指令，并且当上述程序指令由处理器执行时，使得其实现前述的用于乐器教学的方法。
应当理解，本发明的权利要求、说明书及附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”和“第四”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序。本发明的说明书和权利要求书中使用的术语“包括”和“包含”指示所描述特征、整体、步骤、操作、元素和/或组件的存在，但并不排除一个或多个其它特征、整体、步骤、操作、元素、组件和/或其集合的存在或添加。
还应当理解，在此本发明说明书中所使用的术语仅仅是出于描述特定实施例的目的，而并不意在限定本发明。如在本发明说明书和权利要求书中所使用的那样，除非上下文清楚地指明其它情况，否则单数形式的“一”、“一个”及“该”意在包括复数形式。还应当进一步理解，在本发明说明书和权利要求书中使用的术语“和/或”是指相关联列出的项中的一个或多个的任何组合以及所有可能组合，并且包括这些组合。
如在本说明书和权利要求书中所使用的那样，术语“如果”可以依据上下文被解释为“当...时”或“一旦”或“响应于确定”或“响应于检测到”。类似地，短语“如果确定”或“如果检测到[所描述条件或事件]”可以依据上下文被解释为意指“一旦确定”或“响应于确定”或“一旦检测到[所描述条件或事件]”或“响应于检测到[所描述条件或事件]”。
虽然本发明的实施方式如上，但所述内容只是为便于理解本发明而采用的实施例，并非用以限定本发明的范围和应用场景。任何本发明所述技术领域内的技术人员，在不脱离本发明所揭露的精神和范围的前提下，可以在实施的形式上及细节上作任何的修改与变化，但本发明的专利保护范围，仍须以所附的权利要求书所界定的范围为准。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种乐器教学系统，包括：
    训练模块，其布置于所述乐器处并且配置用于获取学员在演奏过程中对所述乐器进行演奏操作而产生的训练信号；
    存储模块，其配置用于存储对所述乐器进行演奏操作而产生的参考信号；
    处理模块，其配置用于根据所述训练信号和参考信号的比对生成用于矫正所述学员演奏操作的矫正信号，其中所述矫正信号与至少一种矫正操作关联；以及
    矫正模块，其布置于所述乐器处并且配置用于：
    接收来自所述处理模块的所述矫正信号；以及
    以可视的方式向所述学员呈现所述矫正信号，以辅助所述学员执行相应的矫正操作。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的乐器教学系统，其中所述训练模块包括布置于所述乐器弹奏区或敲击区处的检测电路，其配置用于检测学员在所述弹奏区或敲击区处的所述演奏操作并且生成对应的训练信号。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的乐器教学系统，其中所述检测电路包括以下的一种或多种：振动传感器、微机电系统传感器、磁感应电路、电容感应电路、超声波传感器以及光传感器。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的乐器教学系统，其中所述训练模块包括计时器，其配置用于采集学员对所述弹奏区或敲击区进行演奏操作时的节奏信号。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任意一项所述的乐器教学系统，其中所述矫正模块包括布置于所述乐器处的发光组件，所述发光组件以不同的发光模式向所述学员指示不同的矫正操作。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的乐器教学系统，其中所述矫正信号包括用于矫正学员对所述乐器进行演奏操作的位置、力度和节奏中的一种或多种的矫正信号。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的乐器教学系统，其中所述矫正模块具有与所述乐器相适配的形状并且以可拆卸的方式与所述乐器连接。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的乐器教学系统，还包括显示终端，其配置用于向所述学员输出用于指导所述学员演奏的演奏指示信息和/或矫正信号，其中所述存储模块和/或处理模块布置于云端服务器处。
  9. 一种用于乐器教学的方法，包括：
    在所述乐器处采集学员在演奏过程中对所述乐器进行演奏操作而产生的训练信号；
    根据所述训练信号和参考信号生成用于矫正所述学员演奏操作的矫正信号，其中所述矫正信号与至少一种矫正操作关联，并且所述参考信号是对所述乐器进行演奏操作而产生的信号；以及
    在所述乐器处接收所述矫正信号并且以可视的方式向所述学员呈现所述矫正信号，以辅助所述学员执行相应的矫正操作。
  10. 一种计算机可读存储介质，包括用于乐器教学的程序指令，当所述程序指令由处理器执行时，使得实现根据权利要求9所述的方法。
PCT/CN2022/086812 2021-04-19 2022-04-14 乐器教学系统、方法及可读存储介质 WO2022222840A1 (zh)

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