WO2022222186A1 - Distributed power system and automobile - Google Patents

Distributed power system and automobile Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022222186A1
WO2022222186A1 PCT/CN2021/091557 CN2021091557W WO2022222186A1 WO 2022222186 A1 WO2022222186 A1 WO 2022222186A1 CN 2021091557 W CN2021091557 W CN 2021091557W WO 2022222186 A1 WO2022222186 A1 WO 2022222186A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
driving device
lock
driving
distributed power
rotational speed
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/091557
Other languages
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
侯东明
Original Assignee
侯东明
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202110420470.3A external-priority patent/CN115214345A/en
Priority claimed from CN202120807397.0U external-priority patent/CN214564586U/en
Application filed by 侯东明 filed Critical 侯东明
Publication of WO2022222186A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022222186A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of drive technology, in particular to a distributed power system and an automobile.
  • the structure of the engine is relatively complex, and there are many parts, so there is no way to reduce the number of supporting parts.
  • the motor structure has a simple internal structure, and the controller of the motor can be highly integrated.
  • the efficiency and torque of the on-board motor will decrease at high speed, so the distributed power system is the development direction of the car.
  • the automotive drive control system can be subdivided into three parts: power, drive, and control. From the perspective of economic and technological development, the basic trend of automobile power system is to change from centralized to distributed.
  • the existing vehicle hybrid system has no mode adjustment function, and when a certain transmission component of the vehicle fails, it cannot adaptively switch to one of the other modes.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a distributed power system and an automobile, which can automatically monitor, repair, and adjust the power distribution path so that the distributed power system is always efficient and reliable. output power.
  • the present invention provides a distributed power system, including:
  • a planetary gear mechanism for power distribution includes a ring gear, a sun gear located at the center of the ring gear, and a planetary gear set arranged between the ring gear and the sun gear, the planetary gear set includes a planet carrier and a planetary gear set. a plurality of planetary gears of the carrier;
  • the first drive device is drive-connected to the planet carrier and communicatively connected to the control system;
  • the second driving device is drivingly connected to the sun gear and is communicatively connected to the control system;
  • the third driving device is drivingly connected with the ring gear and is communicatively connected to the control system;
  • the power output mechanism, the power output mechanism is connected with one of the ring gear, the sun gear and the planet carrier;
  • the mode switching system includes a first lock and a second lock, the first lock and the second lock are used to respectively restrict the ring gear, the sun gear and the planet carrier which are not in driving connection with the power output mechanism Of the two, the first lock and the second lock are respectively connected in communication with the control system.
  • the mode switching system further includes a third lock, which is used to limit one of the ring gear, the sun gear and the planet carrier which is in driving connection with the power output mechanism, and the third lock communicates with the control system connect.
  • a third lock which is used to limit one of the ring gear, the sun gear and the planet carrier which is in driving connection with the power output mechanism, and the third lock communicates with the control system connect.
  • the mode switching system further comprises a fourth lock, a user-operated brake trigger and a position detector for collecting the position of the brake trigger, the fourth lock is used to limit the power take-off mechanism, and the fourth lock
  • the stopper is in driving connection with the brake trigger, and the position detector is in communication connection with the control system.
  • two of the first driving device, the second driving device and the third driving device are motors, and the remaining one of the first driving device, the second driving device and the third driving device is an engine.
  • the distributed power system further includes a driving battery, the driving battery is electrically connected to two of the first driving device, the second driving device and the third driving device, which are motors, respectively, and the driving battery is communicatively connected to the control system.
  • the driving battery is electrically connected to two of the first driving device, the second driving device and the third driving device, which are motors, respectively, and the driving battery is communicatively connected to the control system.
  • the power output mechanism includes a power transmission assembly, a differential gear and a running gear which are connected in sequence, and the power transmission assembly is in driving connection with one of the ring gear, the sun gear and the planet carrier.
  • the distributed power system further includes a rotational speed detection system
  • the rotational speed detection system includes a first rotational speed sensor for detecting the rotational speed of the ring gear, a second rotational speed sensor for detecting the rotational speed of the sun gear, and a third rotational speed sensor for detecting the rotational speed of the planet carrier.
  • a rotational speed sensor, a second rotational speed sensor and a third rotational speed sensor are respectively connected in communication with the control system.
  • the control system includes a main controller, a first driving electronic control unit, a second driving electronic control unit and a third driving electronic control unit, and the first driving electronic control unit communicates with the first driving device and the main controller respectively
  • the second driving electronic control unit is respectively connected to the second driving device and the main controller in communication
  • the third driving electronic control unit is respectively connected to the third driving device and the main controller in communication.
  • the present invention also provides an automobile including the distributed power system.
  • the distributed power system and the vehicle of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: the overall structure of the distributed power system is very simple, easy to arrange, and the first driving device, the second driving device and the third driving device are respectively connected with the planetary Gear mechanism drive connection, eliminating the need for clutches and transmissions, greatly reducing manufacturing costs and maintenance costs, reducing weight and facilitating installation layout; the combined use of planetary gear mechanism and mode switching system, plus the first drive device, the second drive device And the type of the third drive device can be selected, making the power distribution of the distributed power system flexible; under the adjustment of the mode switching system, the distributed power system has various working modes, and the types of series-parallel combination are rich; different working modes switch smoothly, There is no switching hesitation; the control system collects the working conditions of the first drive device, the second drive device, the third drive device and the mode switching system in real time.
  • the control of the open state can make the power distribution path of the distributed power system avoid the faulty drive device, lock or drive battery, thereby improving the overall operating efficiency of the first drive device, the second drive device and the third drive device. , so that the power distribution path of the above-mentioned distributed power system can be automatically monitored, repaired and adjusted so that the distributed power system can always output power efficiently and reliably.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a distributed power system of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a communication connection diagram of an embodiment of the distributed power system of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a distributed power system, including:
  • a planetary gear mechanism 2 for power distribution the planetary gear mechanism 2 includes a ring gear 21, a sun gear 22 located at the center of the ring gear 21, and a planetary gear set 23 provided between the ring gear 21 and the sun gear 22, the planetary gears
  • the group 23 includes a planetary carrier 231 and a plurality of planetary gears 232 provided on the planetary carrier 231;
  • the first drive device 3 is drivingly connected to the planet carrier 231 and is communicatively connected to the control system 1;
  • the second driving device 4, the second driving device 4 is drivingly connected with the sun gear 22 and is communicatively connected to the control system 1;
  • the third driving device 5 the third driving device 5 is drivingly connected with the ring gear 21 and is connected in communication with the control system 1;
  • a power output mechanism 6, the power output mechanism 6 is in a transmission connection with one of the ring gear 21, the sun gear 22 and the planet carrier 231;
  • the mode switching system 7 includes a first lock 71 and a second lock 72, the first lock 71 and the second lock 72 are used to limit the ring gear 21, the sun gear 22 and the planets respectively Among the two racks 231 that are not in driving connection with the power output mechanism 6 , the first lock 71 and the second lock 72 are respectively connected in communication with the control system 1 .
  • one of the first driving device 3, the second driving device 4 and the third driving device 5 may be an engine or a motor; the engine may be an internal combustion engine (such as a reciprocating piston engine), an external combustion engine (such as Stirling engine, steam engine), jet engine, and electric motor; an electric motor is an electrical equipment that can be used as both a generator and an electric motor. That is to say, the first driving device 3 is an engine or a motor, the second driving device 4 is an engine or a motor, and the third driving device 5 is an engine or a motor, that is, the first driving device 3 , the second driving device 4 and the third driving device There are a total of six types of layouts for device 5 .
  • the above-mentioned control system 1 is connected in communication with the first driving device 3, the second driving device 4 and the third driving device 5 respectively, so as to collect and control the operating states (such as rotational speed, power generation mode and driving mode) of each driving device; the control system 1 Connect with the first locker 71 and the second locker 72 in communication respectively to collect and control the action state (locked or released) of the first locker 71 and the action state of the second locker 72 (locked). dead or loose).
  • the basic motion principle of the above-mentioned planetary gear mechanism 2 is: when the ring gear 21 is fixed, the planet carrier 231 and the sun gear 22 rotate in the same direction; when the planet carrier 231 is fixed, the ring gear 21 and the sun gear 22 rotate in the opposite direction; When 22 is fixed, the ring gear 21 and the planet carrier 231 rotate in the same direction.
  • the sum of the rotational speeds of the ring gear 21 and the sun gear 22 and the rotational speed of the planet carrier 231 form a proportional relationship, that is, the sum of the rotational speeds of the ring gear 21 and the second driving device 4 and the rotational speed of the first driving device 3 There is also a proportional relationship between them.
  • an inverse proportional relationship is formed between the rotational speed of the second driving device 4 and the rotational speed of the ring gear 21 .
  • the above-mentioned planetary gear mechanism 2 is used to distribute power, namely:
  • the above-mentioned first driving device 3 is connected to the planetary carrier 231 in a driving manner.
  • the first driving device 3 is an engine or a motor in a driving mode
  • the first driving device 3 can transmit power to the planetary carrier 231 and then be divided into two paths, and one power It can flow to the ring gear 21 , and another power can flow to the sun gear 22 .
  • the first driving device 3 is a motor in the power generation mode
  • the first driving device 3 converts the kinetic energy of the planet carrier 231 into electrical energy.
  • the above-mentioned second driving device 4 is in driving connection with the sun gear 22.
  • the second driving device 4 is an engine or a motor in a driving mode
  • the second driving device 4 can transmit the power to the planet carrier 231 or transmit the power to the gear teeth.
  • Ring 21 when the second driving device 4 is a motor in the power generation mode, the second driving device 4 converts the kinetic energy of the sun gear 22 into electrical energy.
  • the above-mentioned third driving device 5 is in driving connection with the ring gear 21.
  • the third driving device 5 can transmit power to the planet carrier 231, and can also transmit power to the sun. round 22.
  • the third driving device 5 is a motor in the power generation mode, the third driving device 5 converts the kinetic energy of the ring gear 21 into electrical energy.
  • the above-mentioned power output mechanism 6 may be a traveling mechanism, a jacking mechanism, or a power mechanism in other motion forms.
  • the power output mechanism 6 is in a transmission connection with one of the ring gear 21 , the sun gear 22 and the planet carrier 231 , that is to say, one of the ring gear 21 , the sun gear 22 and the planet carrier 231 can be used to drive the power output mechanism 6 the drive end.
  • the above-mentioned control system 1 converts the preset speed to be reached by the power output mechanism 6 (if the power output mechanism 6 is a traveling mechanism, the preset speed of the power output mechanism 6 can be the traveling speed relative to the ground) into gears.
  • the current speed of the power take-off mechanism 6 can be shifted by changing the operating modes (generating mode or driving mode) of the first driving device 3 , the second driving device 4 and the third driving device 5 . That is to say, in the distributed power system, the power output mechanism 6 can also realize the speed change without the existing clutch and transmission.
  • the control system 1 can calculate how much power or rotational speed one or more of the first driving device 3 , the second driving device 4 and the third driving device 5 need to output power need to provide.
  • the above-mentioned mode switching system 7 is used to change the power distribution path of the distributed power system.
  • the mode switching system 7 includes a first lock 71 and a second lock 72.
  • the first lock 71 and the second lock 72 are used for In order to limit the two of the ring gear 21 , the sun gear 22 and the planet carrier 231 which are not connected to the power output mechanism 6 respectively, on the basis of the change of the type of each drive device 5 (the type refers to the engine or the motor), the first lock
  • the action changes of the lock 71 and the second lock 72 can switch to various operating modes.
  • the above distributed power system has the following operation: Mode: In the first mode, when the first lock 71 locks the planet carrier 231 and the second lock 72 releases the sun gear 22, the sun gear 22 is idling, and the third driving device 5 is in the driving mode and passes the teeth The ring 21 transmits power to the power take-off mechanism 6 .
  • the first drive device 3 transmits the power to the planet carrier 231 and then divides it into two paths, wherein One power is transmitted to the second driving device 4 through the planetary gear 232 and the sun gear 22 in turn, and the second driving device 4 enters the power generation mode, and the other power is sequentially transmitted to the power output mechanism 6 through the planetary gear 232 and the ring gear 21 .
  • the ring gear 21 is in a static state, that is, the power output mechanism 6 is not running, the power of the first driving device 3 can be fully transmitted to the second driving device 4, that is, the power output by the first driving device 3. All are used to generate electricity.
  • the transmission structure between the third drive device 5 and the ring gear 21 is idling, and the first The power output by the driving device 3 is sequentially transmitted to the power output mechanism 6 through the planet carrier 231 , the planetary gear 232 and the ring gear 21 .
  • the fourth mode when the first lock 71 releases the planet carrier 231 and the second lock 72 locks the sun gear 22, the power output by the first drive device 3 passes through the planet carrier 231, the planetary gear 232 and the The ring gear 21 is transmitted to the power output mechanism 6, and at the same time, the power output by the third driving device 5 is transmitted to the power output mechanism 6 through the ring gear 21;
  • the fifth mode when the first lock 71 releases the planet carrier 231 and the second lock 72 releases the sun gear 22, the second driving device 4 is in the driving mode, and the power output by the first driving device 3 is sequentially transmitted to the power output through the planet carrier 231, the planetary gear 232 and the ring gear 21 At the same time, the power output by the second driving device 4 is transmitted to the power output mechanism 6 through the sun gear 22 , the planetary gear 232 and the ring gear 21 in sequence.
  • the first drive device 3 , the second drive device 4 , the third drive device 5 and the power output mechanism 6 form other forms of assembly layouts, the above-mentioned distributed power
  • the overall structure of the distributed power system is very simple and easy to arrange, and the first driving device 3, the second driving device 4 and the third driving device 5 are respectively connected to the planetary gear mechanism 2 for transmission, eliminating the need for clutches and transmissions. Reduce manufacturing and maintenance costs, reduce weight and facilitate installation layout;
  • the distributed power system has a self-healing function, and actively adjusts its own working mode when starting the self-check or when the power transmission parts are damaged. That is to say, different from the fixed connection of the conventional multi-power and multi-output system or the connection method similar to the clutch, the control system 1 can lock a certain zero point of the planetary gear mechanism 2 between all the inputs and outputs of the distributed power system. components to flexibly adjust the power flow direction, and adjust the load damping of a certain component of the planetary gear mechanism 2 to flexibly adjust the power distribution ratio.
  • All power is transmitted to the power output mechanism 6 through the gear transmission structure, and the control system 1 collects the working conditions of the first driving device 3, the second driving device 4, the third driving device 5 and the mode switching system 7 in real time,
  • the control of the locked state and the released state of the first lock 71 and the second lock 72 can make the power distribution path of the distributed power system avoid the faulty drive device, lock or drive battery, thereby improving the The overall operating efficiency of the first drive device 3, the second drive device 4 and the third drive device 5, so that the power distribution path of the above-mentioned distributed power system can be automatically monitored, automatically repaired, and adjusted to make the distributed power system always efficient and reliable. ground output power.
  • the control system 1 monitors in real time whether the working conditions of the first drive device 3 , the second drive device 4 , the third drive device 5 and the mode switching system 7 are normal after being turned on.
  • the distributed power system automatically switches to the hybrid mode of the engine and the motor; if the second drive device 4 is found to be damaged, under the control of the control system 1, the distribution The distributed power system automatically switches to the hybrid mode of the engine and the motor; if the first drive device 3 is found to be damaged, under the control of the control system 1, the distributed power system automatically switches to the hybrid mode of the two motors.
  • the distributed power system automatically switches to the series-parallel hybrid mode in which the engine is driven, one motor generates electricity and the other motor drives; if it is found that the first lock If the lock 71 or the second lock 72 is damaged, under the control of the control system 1, the distributed power system can automatically switch to a working mode that does not require the lock to be locked.
  • two of the first driving device 3, the second driving device 4 and the third driving device 5 are motors, and the first driving device 3, the second driving device 4 and the third driving device 5 are motors.
  • the remaining one of the drive units 5 is an engine.
  • the above-mentioned distributed power system further includes a driving battery 9, and the driving battery 9 is electrically connected to the first driving device 3, the second driving device 4 and the third driving device 5 respectively, wherein: Two of the motors and the drive battery 9 are communicatively connected to the control system 1 .
  • the above-mentioned driving battery 9 is used to supply power to the motor, or to store the electric energy generated by the motor.
  • the control system 1 is connected in communication with the driving battery 9, and can acquire the SOC value of the driving battery 9 in real time (the ratio of the remaining dischargeable power to the power in the fully charged state).
  • the state of charge of the driving battery 9 is divided into a power state, a low power state and an empty power state.
  • the range is greater than 25%
  • the value range of the SOC value in the low power state is 10%-25%
  • the value range of the SOC value in the empty power state is less than 10%.
  • the speed of the above-mentioned power output mechanism 6 relative to the road surface is divided into low speed, medium speed and high speed which increase in turn.
  • the value range of is greater than 82Km/h.
  • the operating modes of the distributed power system include the following modes, thereby reducing the total energy consumption of the distributed power system:
  • the first lock 71 is locked
  • the second lock 72 release the sun gear 22
  • the sun gear 22 is idling
  • the third driving device 5 is in the driving mode and the power is transmitted to the power output mechanism 6 through the ring gear 21 .
  • the first lock 71 releases the planet carrier 231
  • the second lock 72 releases the sun gear 22
  • the first driving device 3 transmits the power to the planet carrier 231 and then divides it into two paths, one of which is transmitted to the second driving device 4 through the planetary gear 232 and the sun gear 22 in turn, so that the second driving device 4 enters the power generation mode, and the other power is transmitted to the second driving device 4.
  • One power is transmitted to the power output mechanism 6 through the planetary gear 232 and the ring gear 21 in sequence.
  • the first lock 71 releases the planet carrier 231
  • the second lock 72 locks the sun gear 22
  • the structure can be idling, and the power output by the first driving device 3 is sequentially transmitted to the power output mechanism 6 through the planet carrier 231 , the planetary gear 232 and the ring gear 21 .
  • the power take-off mechanism 6 When the power take-off mechanism 6 is in the first movement mode and the drive battery 9 is in an electrified state (referred to as the first movement with electricity): when the first lock 71 releases the planet carrier 231 and the second lock 72 is locked When the sun gear is 22, the power output by the first driving device 3 is sequentially transmitted to the power output mechanism 6 through the planet carrier 231, the planetary gear 232 and the ring gear 21, and at the same time, the power output by the third driving device 5 is transmitted through the ring gear. 21 is transmitted to the power take-off mechanism 6 .
  • the first lock 71 releases the planet carrier 231
  • the second lock 72 releases the sun
  • the wheel 22 and the second driving device 4 are in the driving mode, and the power output by the first driving device 3 is sequentially transmitted to the power output mechanism 6 through the planet carrier 231, the planetary gear 232 and the ring gear 21.
  • the second driving device 4 The output power is sequentially transmitted to the power output mechanism 6 through the sun gear 22 , the planetary gears 232 and the ring gear 21 .
  • the above-mentioned mode switching system 7 further includes a third lock 73 , and the third lock 73 is used to restrict the ring gear 21 , the sun gear 22 and the planet carrier 231 to be in driving connection with the power output mechanism 6 .
  • the third lock 73 is communicatively connected with the control system 1 .
  • the first lock 71 is used to limit the planet carrier 231
  • the second lock 72 is used to limit the sun gear 22
  • the third lock 73 is used to limit the ring gear 21 .
  • the release state or the locked state of the third lock 73 is controlled by the control system 1 .
  • the user when the user needs to stop the power take-off mechanism 6, the user sends a stop instruction to the control system 1 (for example, the driver shifts the vehicle gear to the P gear), and the control system 1 controls the third locker 73 to lock the ring gear 21 die.
  • the control system 1 for example, the driver shifts the vehicle gear to the P gear
  • the mode switching system 7 further includes a fourth lock 74 (such as a caliper), a user-operated brake trigger 75 (such as a brake for the driver to step on), and a collection A position detector for the position of the brake trigger 75 , the fourth lock 74 is used to limit the power take-off mechanism 6 , the fourth lock 74 is drivingly connected with the brake trigger 75 , and the position detector is connected in communication with the control system 1 .
  • a fourth lock 74 such as a caliper
  • a user-operated brake trigger 75 such as a brake for the driver to step on
  • the fourth lock 74 is used to limit the power take-off mechanism 6
  • the fourth lock 74 is drivingly connected with the brake trigger 75
  • the position detector is connected in communication with the control system 1 .
  • the position detector can collect the position information of the brake trigger 75 in real time. When the position of the brake trigger 75 is different, the position detector can send different motor running commands to the control system 1 .
  • the position detector sends a motor power generation command to the control system 1 to The control system 1 is made to control one of the first driving device 3, the second driving device 4, and the third driving device 5, which is a motor, to enter the power generation mode.
  • the brake trigger 75 controls the degree of locking of the fourth lock 74 due to the driving connection of the fourth lock 74 with the brake trigger 75 throughout the stroke of the brake trigger 75 .
  • the first drive device 3 is an engine
  • the second drive device 4 and the third drive device 5 are both motors
  • the power output mechanism 6 is assembled in a transmission connection with the ring gear 21
  • the specific working states of the distributed power system are shown in the following table:
  • Table 1 The working state of the distributed power system when the vehicle is started
  • Table 6 The working state of the distributed power system when the vehicle coasts or decelerates the energy recovery
  • the above-mentioned power output mechanism 6 includes a power transmission assembly 61 , a differential 62 and a running mechanism connected in sequence, and the power transmission assembly 61 is connected with the ring gear 21 , the sun gear 22 and the planet carrier 231 among a drive connection.
  • the above-mentioned distributed power system further includes a rotational speed detection system 8 .
  • the rotational speed sensor 81 , the second rotational speed sensor 82 for detecting the rotational speed of the sun gear 22 and the third rotational speed sensor 83 for detecting the rotational speed of the planet carrier 231 , the first rotational speed sensor 81 , the second rotational speed sensor 82 and the third rotational speed sensor 83 are respectively connected with the control system 1 communication connection.
  • the above-mentioned control system 1 includes a main controller 11, a first driving electronic control unit 12, a second driving electronic control unit 13 and a third driving electronic control unit 14.
  • a driving electronic control unit 12 is respectively connected in communication with the first driving device 3 and the main controller 11
  • the second driving electronic control unit 13 is respectively connected in communication with the second driving device 4 and the main controller 11,
  • the third driving electronic control unit 14 It is connected to the third driving device 5 and the main controller 11 for communication respectively.
  • control system 1 further includes a rotational speed detection unit 15 and a battery management unit 16, and the rotational speed detection unit 15 is connected to the first rotational speed sensor 81, the second rotational speed sensor 82, the third rotational speed sensor 83 and the main controller 11 in communication respectively.
  • the battery management unit 16 is connected to the driving battery 9 and the main controller 11 in communication respectively.
  • the present invention also provides an automobile, including the above distributed power system.
  • the vehicle of the present invention has lower energy consumption and more diversified driving modes.
  • the distributed power system and the vehicle of the present invention can automatically monitor, repair, and adjust the power distribution path so that the distributed power system can always output power efficiently and reliably, so that the different advantages of the electric motor and the internal combustion engine can be fully utilized. , maximize the conversion of energy, and provide power to the vehicle with the highest efficiency. Therefore, the present invention effectively overcomes various shortcomings in the prior art and has high industrial application value.

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Abstract

Provided in the present invention are a distributed power system and an automobile. The distributed power system comprises: a control system; a planetary gear mechanism, wherein the planetary gear mechanism comprises a gear ring, a sun gear located at the center of the gear ring, and a planetary gear set provided between the gear ring and the sun gear; a first driving device, wherein the first driving device is in transmission connection with a planet carrier and is in communication connection with the control system; a second driving device, wherein the second driving device is in transmission connection with the sun gear and is in communication connection with the control system; a third driving device, wherein the third driving device is in transmission connection with the gear ring and is in communication connection with the control system; a power output mechanism, wherein the power output mechanism is in transmission connection with one of the gear ring, the sun gear and the planet carrier; and a mode switching system, wherein the mode switching system comprises a first locking device and a second locking device. The present invention can automatically monitor, automatically repair, and adjust a power distribution path such that the distributed power system always efficiently and reliably outputs power.

Description

分布式动力系统及汽车Distributed Power Systems and Vehicles 技术领域technical field
本发明涉及驱动技术领域，特别是涉及一种分布式动力系统及汽车。The invention relates to the field of drive technology, in particular to a distributed power system and an automobile.
背景技术Background technique
发动机结构比较复杂，零部件多，配套件的数量没有办法减少了。电机结构与发动机相比，内部结构简单，电动机的控制器可以高度集成。但是，车载电机在高速时，效率和扭矩都会下降，于是分布式动力系统是汽车的发展方向。汽车驱动控制系统可以细分为电力、驱动、控制等三个部分。从经济、技术发展来讲，汽车动力系统基本上趋势是由集中性向分布式转变。The structure of the engine is relatively complex, and there are many parts, so there is no way to reduce the number of supporting parts. Compared with the engine, the motor structure has a simple internal structure, and the controller of the motor can be highly integrated. However, the efficiency and torque of the on-board motor will decrease at high speed, so the distributed power system is the development direction of the car. The automotive drive control system can be subdivided into three parts: power, drive, and control. From the perspective of economic and technological development, the basic trend of automobile power system is to change from centralized to distributed.
然而，现有汽车混动系统没有模式调节功能，当汽车的某个传动部件发生故障时，更无法自适应切换至其他多种模式中的一种。However, the existing vehicle hybrid system has no mode adjustment function, and when a certain transmission component of the vehicle fails, it cannot adaptively switch to one of the other modes.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
鉴于以上所述现有技术的缺点，本发明要解决的技术问题在于提供一种分布式动力系统及汽车，能够自动监测、自动修复、调整动力分配路径以使分布式动力系统始终高效、可靠地输出动力。In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a distributed power system and an automobile, which can automatically monitor, repair, and adjust the power distribution path so that the distributed power system is always efficient and reliable. output power.
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供一种分布式动力系统，包括：In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a distributed power system, including:
控制系统；Control System;
用于分配动力的行星齿轮机构，行星齿轮机构包括齿圈、位于齿圈中心处的太阳轮、以及设于齿圈和太阳轮之间的行星齿轮组，行星齿轮组包括行星架以及设于行星架的多个行星齿轮；A planetary gear mechanism for power distribution, the planetary gear mechanism includes a ring gear, a sun gear located at the center of the ring gear, and a planetary gear set arranged between the ring gear and the sun gear, the planetary gear set includes a planet carrier and a planetary gear set. a plurality of planetary gears of the carrier;
第一驱动装置，第一驱动装置与行星架传动连接并且通信连接于控制系统；a first drive device, the first drive device is drive-connected to the planet carrier and communicatively connected to the control system;
第二驱动装置，第二驱动装置与太阳轮传动连接并且通信连接于控制系统；a second driving device, the second driving device is drivingly connected to the sun gear and is communicatively connected to the control system;
第三驱动装置，第三驱动装置与齿圈传动连接并且通信连接于控制系统；a third driving device, the third driving device is drivingly connected with the ring gear and is communicatively connected to the control system;
动力输出机构，动力输出机构与齿圈、太阳轮以及行星架其中的一个传动连接；The power output mechanism, the power output mechanism is connected with one of the ring gear, the sun gear and the planet carrier;
模式切换系统，模式切换系统包括第一锁止器和第二锁止器，第一锁止器和第二锁止器用于分别限制齿圈、太阳轮以及行星架其中未与动力输出机构传动连接的两个，第一锁止器和第二锁止器分别与控制系统通信连接。Mode switching system, the mode switching system includes a first lock and a second lock, the first lock and the second lock are used to respectively restrict the ring gear, the sun gear and the planet carrier which are not in driving connection with the power output mechanism Of the two, the first lock and the second lock are respectively connected in communication with the control system.
优选地，所述模式切换系统还包括第三锁止器，第三锁止器用于限制齿圈、太阳轮以及 行星架其中与动力输出机构传动连接的一个，第三锁止器与控制系统通信连接。Preferably, the mode switching system further includes a third lock, which is used to limit one of the ring gear, the sun gear and the planet carrier which is in driving connection with the power output mechanism, and the third lock communicates with the control system connect.
优选地，所述模式切换系统还包括第四锁止器、由用户操控的制动触发器以及采集制动触发器位置的位置检测器，第四锁止器用于限制动力输出机构，第四锁止器与制动触发器传动连接，位置检测器与控制系统通信连接。Preferably, the mode switching system further comprises a fourth lock, a user-operated brake trigger and a position detector for collecting the position of the brake trigger, the fourth lock is used to limit the power take-off mechanism, and the fourth lock The stopper is in driving connection with the brake trigger, and the position detector is in communication connection with the control system.
优选地，所述第一驱动装置、第二驱动装置以及第三驱动装置其中的两个为电机，第一驱动装置、第二驱动装置以及第三驱动装置其中剩余的一个为发动机。Preferably, two of the first driving device, the second driving device and the third driving device are motors, and the remaining one of the first driving device, the second driving device and the third driving device is an engine.
优选地，所述分布式动力系统还包括驱动电池，驱动电池分别电连于第一驱动装置、第二驱动装置以及第三驱动装置其中为电机的两个，驱动电池通信连接于控制系统。Preferably, the distributed power system further includes a driving battery, the driving battery is electrically connected to two of the first driving device, the second driving device and the third driving device, which are motors, respectively, and the driving battery is communicatively connected to the control system.
优选地，所述动力输出机构包括依次相连的动力传动组件、差速器以及行驶机构，动力传动组件与齿圈、太阳轮以及行星架其中的一个传动连接。Preferably, the power output mechanism includes a power transmission assembly, a differential gear and a running gear which are connected in sequence, and the power transmission assembly is in driving connection with one of the ring gear, the sun gear and the planet carrier.
优选地，所述分布式动力系统还包括转速检测系统，转速检测系统包括检测齿圈转速的第一转速传感器、检测太阳轮转速的第二转速传感器以及检测行星架转速的第三转速传感器，第一转速传感器、第二转速传感器以及第三转速传感器分别与控制系统通信连接。Preferably, the distributed power system further includes a rotational speed detection system, the rotational speed detection system includes a first rotational speed sensor for detecting the rotational speed of the ring gear, a second rotational speed sensor for detecting the rotational speed of the sun gear, and a third rotational speed sensor for detecting the rotational speed of the planet carrier. A rotational speed sensor, a second rotational speed sensor and a third rotational speed sensor are respectively connected in communication with the control system.
优选地，所述控制系统包括主控器、第一驱动电控单元、第二驱动电控单元以及第三驱动电控单元，第一驱动电控单元与第一驱动装置和主控器分别通信连接，第二驱动电控单元与第二驱动装置和主控器分别通信连接，第三驱动电控单元与第三驱动装置和主控器分别通信连接。Preferably, the control system includes a main controller, a first driving electronic control unit, a second driving electronic control unit and a third driving electronic control unit, and the first driving electronic control unit communicates with the first driving device and the main controller respectively The second driving electronic control unit is respectively connected to the second driving device and the main controller in communication, and the third driving electronic control unit is respectively connected to the third driving device and the main controller in communication.
本发明还提供一种汽车，包括所述分布式动力系统。The present invention also provides an automobile including the distributed power system.
如上所述，本发明的分布式动力系统及汽车，具有以下有益效果：分布式动力系统的整体结构非常简单，便于布置，并且第一驱动装置、第二驱动装置以及第三驱动装置分别与行星齿轮机构传动连接，省去离合器和变速器，极大降低制造成本和维护成本，减轻重量并且有利于安装布局；行星齿轮机构和模式切换系统的结合使用，加上第一驱动装置、第二驱动装置以及第三驱动装置的类型可以选择，使得分布式动力系统的动力分配灵活；在模式切换系统的调节下，分布式动力系统的工作模式多样，串并联组合类型丰富；不同工作模式切换顺滑，无切换顿挫感；控制系统实时采集第一驱动装置、第二驱动装置、第三驱动装置以及模式切换系统的工况，通过对第一锁止器、第二锁止器的锁死状态和松开状态的控制，能够使分布式动力系统的动力分配路径避开出现故障的驱动装置、锁止器或者驱动电池，进而提高第一驱动装置、第二驱动装置以及第三驱动装置的总体运行效率，从而能够自动监测、自动修复、调整上述分布式动力系统的动力分配路径以使分布式动力系统始终高效、可靠地输出动力。As described above, the distributed power system and the vehicle of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: the overall structure of the distributed power system is very simple, easy to arrange, and the first driving device, the second driving device and the third driving device are respectively connected with the planetary Gear mechanism drive connection, eliminating the need for clutches and transmissions, greatly reducing manufacturing costs and maintenance costs, reducing weight and facilitating installation layout; the combined use of planetary gear mechanism and mode switching system, plus the first drive device, the second drive device And the type of the third drive device can be selected, making the power distribution of the distributed power system flexible; under the adjustment of the mode switching system, the distributed power system has various working modes, and the types of series-parallel combination are rich; different working modes switch smoothly, There is no switching hesitation; the control system collects the working conditions of the first drive device, the second drive device, the third drive device and the mode switching system in real time. The control of the open state can make the power distribution path of the distributed power system avoid the faulty drive device, lock or drive battery, thereby improving the overall operating efficiency of the first drive device, the second drive device and the third drive device. , so that the power distribution path of the above-mentioned distributed power system can be automatically monitored, repaired and adjusted so that the distributed power system can always output power efficiently and reliably.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1显示为本发明的分布式动力系统的一种实施例的结构示意图；FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a distributed power system of the present invention;
图2显示为本发明的分布式动力系统的一种实施例的通信连接图。FIG. 2 shows a communication connection diagram of an embodiment of the distributed power system of the present invention.
元件标号说明Component label description
1                      控制系统1 Control system
11                     主控器11 Master Controller
12                     第一驱动电控单元12 The first drive electronic control unit
13                     第二驱动电控单元13 The second drive electronic control unit
14                     第三驱动电控单元14 The third drive electronic control unit
15                     转速探测单元15 Speed detection unit
16                     电池管理单元16 Battery management unit
2                      行星齿轮机构2 Planetary gear mechanism
21                     齿圈21 Ring gear
22                     太阳轮22 Sun gear
23                     行星齿轮组23 Planetary gear set
231                    行星架231 Planet carrier
232                    行星齿轮232 Planetary gear
3                      第一驱动装置3 The first drive device
4                      第二驱动装置4 The second drive
5                      第三驱动装置5 The third drive
6                      动力输出机构6 Power take-off mechanism
61                     动力传动组件61 Power Transmission Components
62                     差速器62 Differential
7                      模式切换系统7 Mode switching system
71                     第一锁止器71 First lock
72                     第二锁止器72 Second lock
73                     第三锁止器73 3rd lock
74                     第四锁止器74 Fourth lock
75                     制动触发器75 Brake Trigger
8                      转速检测系统8 Speed detection system
81                     第一转速传感器81 The first speed sensor
82                     第二转速传感器82 Second speed sensor
83                     第三转速传感器83 The third speed sensor
9                      驱动电池9 Drive battery
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下由特定的具体实施例说明本发明的实施方式，熟悉此技术的人士可由本说明书所揭露的内容轻易地了解本发明的其他优点及功效。The embodiments of the present invention are described below by specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification.
须知，本说明书所附图中所绘示的结构、比例、大小等，均仅用以配合说明书所揭示的内容，以供熟悉此技术的人士了解与阅读，并非用以限定本发明可实施的限定条件，故不具技术上的实质意义，任何结构的修饰、比例关系的改变或大小的调整，在不影响本发明所能产生的功效及所能达成的目的下，均应仍落在本发明所揭示的技术内容所能涵盖的范围内。同时，本说明书中所引用的如“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“中间”及“一”等的用语，亦仅为便于叙述的明了，而非用以限定本发明可实施的范围，其相对关系的改变或调整，在无实质变更技术内容下，当亦视为本发明可实施的范畴。It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the accompanying drawings in this specification are only used to cooperate with the contents disclosed in the specification for the understanding and reading of those who are familiar with the technology, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Restricted conditions, it does not have technical substantive significance, any structural modification, proportional relationship change or size adjustment, without affecting the effect that the present invention can produce and the purpose that can be achieved, should still fall within the present invention. The scope of the disclosed technical content can be covered. At the same time, the terms such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" quoted in this specification are only for the convenience of description and clarity, and are not used to limit this specification. The implementable scope of the invention, and the change or adjustment of the relative relationship thereof, shall also be regarded as the implementable scope of the present invention without substantially changing the technical content.
参见图1和图2，本发明提供一种分布式动力系统，包括：1 and 2, the present invention provides a distributed power system, including:
控制系统1； control system 1;
用于分配动力的行星齿轮机构2，行星齿轮机构2包括齿圈21、位于齿圈21中心处的太阳轮22、以及设于齿圈21和太阳轮22之间的行星齿轮组23，行星齿轮组23包括行星架231以及设于行星架231的多个行星齿轮232；A planetary gear mechanism 2 for power distribution, the planetary gear mechanism 2 includes a ring gear 21, a sun gear 22 located at the center of the ring gear 21, and a planetary gear set 23 provided between the ring gear 21 and the sun gear 22, the planetary gears The group 23 includes a planetary carrier 231 and a plurality of planetary gears 232 provided on the planetary carrier 231;
第一驱动装置3，第一驱动装置3与行星架231传动连接并且通信连接于控制系统1；a first drive device 3, the first drive device 3 is drivingly connected to the planet carrier 231 and is communicatively connected to the control system 1;
第二驱动装置4，第二驱动装置4与太阳轮22传动连接并且通信连接于控制系统1；The second driving device 4, the second driving device 4 is drivingly connected with the sun gear 22 and is communicatively connected to the control system 1;
第三驱动装置5，第三驱动装置5与齿圈21传动连接并且通信连接于控制系统1；The third driving device 5, the third driving device 5 is drivingly connected with the ring gear 21 and is connected in communication with the control system 1;
动力输出机构6，动力输出机构6与齿圈21、太阳轮22以及行星架231其中的一个传动连接；A power output mechanism 6, the power output mechanism 6 is in a transmission connection with one of the ring gear 21, the sun gear 22 and the planet carrier 231;
模式切换系统7，模式切换系统7包括第一锁止器71和第二锁止器72，第一锁止器71和第二锁止器72用于分别限制齿圈21、太阳轮22以及行星架231其中未与动力输出机构6传动连接的两个，第一锁止器71和第二锁止器72分别与控制系统1通信连接。 Mode switching system 7, the mode switching system 7 includes a first lock 71 and a second lock 72, the first lock 71 and the second lock 72 are used to limit the ring gear 21, the sun gear 22 and the planets respectively Among the two racks 231 that are not in driving connection with the power output mechanism 6 , the first lock 71 and the second lock 72 are respectively connected in communication with the control system 1 .
在本发明中，上述第一驱动装置3、第二驱动装置4以及第三驱动装置5其中的一个可以是发动机，也可以是电机；发动机可以是内燃机(如往复活塞式发动机)、外燃机(如斯特林发动机、蒸汽机)、喷气发动机、电动机其中的一种；电机是既可以作发电机使用，又可作为电动机使用的电机设备。也就是说，第一驱动装置3为发动机或电机，第二驱动装置4为发动机或电机，第三驱动装置5为发动机或电机，即第一驱动装置3、第二驱动装置4以及第三驱动装置5的选型布局方式总共有六种。In the present invention, one of the first driving device 3, the second driving device 4 and the third driving device 5 may be an engine or a motor; the engine may be an internal combustion engine (such as a reciprocating piston engine), an external combustion engine (such as Stirling engine, steam engine), jet engine, and electric motor; an electric motor is an electrical equipment that can be used as both a generator and an electric motor. That is to say, the first driving device 3 is an engine or a motor, the second driving device 4 is an engine or a motor, and the third driving device 5 is an engine or a motor, that is, the first driving device 3 , the second driving device 4 and the third driving device There are a total of six types of layouts for device 5 .
上述控制系统1与第一驱动装置3、第二驱动装置4以及第三驱动装置5分别通信连接，以采集、控制各个驱动装置的运行状态(例如转速、发电模式以及驱动模式)；控制系统1与第一锁止器71和第二锁止器72分别通信连接，以采集、控制第一锁止器71的动作状态(锁死或松开)和第二锁止器72的动作状态(锁死或松开)。The above-mentioned control system 1 is connected in communication with the first driving device 3, the second driving device 4 and the third driving device 5 respectively, so as to collect and control the operating states (such as rotational speed, power generation mode and driving mode) of each driving device; the control system 1 Connect with the first locker 71 and the second locker 72 in communication respectively to collect and control the action state (locked or released) of the first locker 71 and the action state of the second locker 72 (locked). dead or loose).
上述行星齿轮机构2的基本运动原理是：当齿圈21固定时，行星架231和太阳轮22同向转动；当行星架231固定时，齿圈21和太阳轮22反向转动；当太阳轮22固定时，齿圈21和行星架231同向转动。在行星齿轮机构2中，齿圈21和太阳轮22的转速总和与行星架231的转速之间形成正比关系，即齿圈21和第二驱动装置4的转速总和与第一驱动装置3的转速之间亦形成正比关系。当第一驱动装置3的转速固定时，第二驱动装置4的转速和齿圈21的转速之间形成反比关系。The basic motion principle of the above-mentioned planetary gear mechanism 2 is: when the ring gear 21 is fixed, the planet carrier 231 and the sun gear 22 rotate in the same direction; when the planet carrier 231 is fixed, the ring gear 21 and the sun gear 22 rotate in the opposite direction; When 22 is fixed, the ring gear 21 and the planet carrier 231 rotate in the same direction. In the planetary gear mechanism 2 , the sum of the rotational speeds of the ring gear 21 and the sun gear 22 and the rotational speed of the planet carrier 231 form a proportional relationship, that is, the sum of the rotational speeds of the ring gear 21 and the second driving device 4 and the rotational speed of the first driving device 3 There is also a proportional relationship between them. When the rotational speed of the first driving device 3 is fixed, an inverse proportional relationship is formed between the rotational speed of the second driving device 4 and the rotational speed of the ring gear 21 .
上述行星齿轮机构2用于分配动力，即：The above-mentioned planetary gear mechanism 2 is used to distribute power, namely:
上述第一驱动装置3与行星架231传动连接，当第一驱动装置3是发动机或者处于驱动模式的电机时，第一驱动装置3可以将动力传递至行星架231之后被分成两路，一路动力可以流向齿圈21，另一路动力可以流向太阳轮22。当第一驱动装置3是处于发电模式的电机时，第一驱动装置3将行星架231的动能转化成电能。The above-mentioned first driving device 3 is connected to the planetary carrier 231 in a driving manner. When the first driving device 3 is an engine or a motor in a driving mode, the first driving device 3 can transmit power to the planetary carrier 231 and then be divided into two paths, and one power It can flow to the ring gear 21 , and another power can flow to the sun gear 22 . When the first driving device 3 is a motor in the power generation mode, the first driving device 3 converts the kinetic energy of the planet carrier 231 into electrical energy.
上述第二驱动装置4与太阳轮22传动连接，当第二驱动装置4是发动机或者处于驱动模式的电机时，第二驱动装置4可以将动力传递至行星架231，也可以将动力传递至齿圈21；当第二驱动装置4是处于发电模式的电机时，第二驱动装置4将太阳轮22的动能转化成电能。The above-mentioned second driving device 4 is in driving connection with the sun gear 22. When the second driving device 4 is an engine or a motor in a driving mode, the second driving device 4 can transmit the power to the planet carrier 231 or transmit the power to the gear teeth. Ring 21 ; when the second driving device 4 is a motor in the power generation mode, the second driving device 4 converts the kinetic energy of the sun gear 22 into electrical energy.
上述第三驱动装置5与齿圈21传动连接，当第三驱动装置5是发动机或者处于驱动模式的电机时，第三驱动装置5可以将动力传递至行星架231，也可以将动力传递至太阳轮22。当第三驱动装置5处于发电模式的电机时，第三驱动装置5将齿圈21的动能转化成电能。The above-mentioned third driving device 5 is in driving connection with the ring gear 21. When the third driving device 5 is an engine or a motor in a driving mode, the third driving device 5 can transmit power to the planet carrier 231, and can also transmit power to the sun. round 22. When the third driving device 5 is a motor in the power generation mode, the third driving device 5 converts the kinetic energy of the ring gear 21 into electrical energy.
上述动力输出机构6可以是行驶机构，可以是顶升机构，也可以是其他运动形式的做功机构。动力输出机构6与齿圈21、太阳轮22以及行星架231其中的一个传动连接，也就是说，齿圈21、太阳轮22以及行星架231其中的一个可以作为用于带动该动力输出机构6的 驱动端。The above-mentioned power output mechanism 6 may be a traveling mechanism, a jacking mechanism, or a power mechanism in other motion forms. The power output mechanism 6 is in a transmission connection with one of the ring gear 21 , the sun gear 22 and the planet carrier 231 , that is to say, one of the ring gear 21 , the sun gear 22 and the planet carrier 231 can be used to drive the power output mechanism 6 the drive end.
基于传动关系，上述控制系统1将动力输出机构6所要达到的预设速度(若动力输出机构6为行驶机构，则动力输出机构6的预设速度可以是相对于地面的行驶速度)换算成齿圈21、太阳轮22以及行星架231其中的一个需要达到的转速。动力输出机构6的当前速度可以在第一驱动装置3、第二驱动装置4以及第三驱动装置5的运行模式(发电模式或驱动模式)变化下而实现变速。这也就是说，分布式动力系统在没有现有离合器和变速器的条件下，动力输出机构6也能实现变速。控制系统1基于负载等相关信息，可以计算第一驱动装置3、第二驱动装置4以及第三驱动装置5其中需要输出动力的一个或多个需要提供多大的功率或者转速。Based on the transmission relationship, the above-mentioned control system 1 converts the preset speed to be reached by the power output mechanism 6 (if the power output mechanism 6 is a traveling mechanism, the preset speed of the power output mechanism 6 can be the traveling speed relative to the ground) into gears. The rotational speed that one of the ring 21 , the sun gear 22 and the planet carrier 231 needs to reach. The current speed of the power take-off mechanism 6 can be shifted by changing the operating modes (generating mode or driving mode) of the first driving device 3 , the second driving device 4 and the third driving device 5 . That is to say, in the distributed power system, the power output mechanism 6 can also realize the speed change without the existing clutch and transmission. Based on relevant information such as load, the control system 1 can calculate how much power or rotational speed one or more of the first driving device 3 , the second driving device 4 and the third driving device 5 need to output power need to provide.
上述模式切换系统7用于改变分布式动力系统的动力分配路径，模式切换系统7包括第一锁止器71和第二锁止器72，第一锁止器71和第二锁止器72用于分别限制齿圈21、太阳轮22以及行星架231其中未与动力输出机构6传动连接的两个，在各个驱动装置5的类型(类型是指发动机或电机)变化的基础上，第一锁止器71、第二锁止器72的动作变化又可以切换出多种运行模式。The above-mentioned mode switching system 7 is used to change the power distribution path of the distributed power system. The mode switching system 7 includes a first lock 71 and a second lock 72. The first lock 71 and the second lock 72 are used for In order to limit the two of the ring gear 21 , the sun gear 22 and the planet carrier 231 which are not connected to the power output mechanism 6 respectively, on the basis of the change of the type of each drive device 5 (the type refers to the engine or the motor), the first lock The action changes of the lock 71 and the second lock 72 can switch to various operating modes.
例如，在第一驱动装置3为发动机，第二驱动装置4和第三驱动装置5均为电机，并且动力输出机构6与齿圈21传动连接的装配布局下，上述分布式动力系统具有以下运行模式：第一种模式，当第一锁止器71锁死行星架231且第二锁止器72松开太阳轮22时，太阳轮22进行空转，第三驱动装置5处于驱动模式并且通过齿圈21将动力传递至动力输出机构6。第二种模式，当第一锁止器71松开行星架231且第二锁止器72松开太阳轮22时，第一驱动装置3将动力转递至行星架231之后分成两路，其中一路动力依次通过行星齿轮232、太阳轮22传递至第二驱动装置4，并且第二驱动装置4进入发电模式，另一路动力依次通过行星齿轮232、齿圈21传递至动力输出机构6。此时需要注意的是：若齿圈21处于静止状态，即动力输出机构6没有运行，第一驱动装置3的动力可以全部传递给第二驱动装置4，即第一驱动装置3所输出的动力全部用于发电。第三种模式，当第一锁止器71松开行星架231且第二锁止器72锁死太阳轮22时，第三驱动装置5和齿圈21之间的传动结构进行空转，第一驱动装置3所输出的动力依次通过行星架231、行星齿轮232以及齿圈21传递至动力输出机构6。第四种模式，当第一锁止器71松开行星架231且第二锁止器72锁死太阳轮22时，第一驱动装置3所输出的动力依次通过行星架231、行星齿轮232以及齿圈21传递至动力输出机构6，与此同时，第三驱动装置5所输出的动力通过齿圈21传递至动力输出机构6；第五种模式，当第一锁止器71松开行星架231且第二锁止器72松开太阳轮22时，第二驱动装置4 处于驱动模式，第一驱动装置3所输出的动力依次通过行星架231、行星齿轮232以及齿圈21传递至动力输出机构6，与此同时，第二驱动装置4所输出的动力依次通过太阳轮22、行星齿轮232以及齿圈21传递至动力输出机构6。当第一驱动装置3、第二驱动装置4、第三驱动装置5以及动力输出机构6形成其他形式的装配布局时，上述分布式动力系统又可以切换出更多的运行模式，此处不再赘述。For example, under the assembly layout in which the first drive device 3 is an engine, the second drive device 4 and the third drive device 5 are motors, and the power output mechanism 6 is drive-connected with the ring gear 21 , the above distributed power system has the following operation: Mode: In the first mode, when the first lock 71 locks the planet carrier 231 and the second lock 72 releases the sun gear 22, the sun gear 22 is idling, and the third driving device 5 is in the driving mode and passes the teeth The ring 21 transmits power to the power take-off mechanism 6 . In the second mode, when the first lock 71 releases the planet carrier 231 and the second lock 72 releases the sun gear 22, the first drive device 3 transmits the power to the planet carrier 231 and then divides it into two paths, wherein One power is transmitted to the second driving device 4 through the planetary gear 232 and the sun gear 22 in turn, and the second driving device 4 enters the power generation mode, and the other power is sequentially transmitted to the power output mechanism 6 through the planetary gear 232 and the ring gear 21 . At this time, it should be noted that if the ring gear 21 is in a static state, that is, the power output mechanism 6 is not running, the power of the first driving device 3 can be fully transmitted to the second driving device 4, that is, the power output by the first driving device 3. All are used to generate electricity. In the third mode, when the first lock 71 releases the planet carrier 231 and the second lock 72 locks the sun gear 22, the transmission structure between the third drive device 5 and the ring gear 21 is idling, and the first The power output by the driving device 3 is sequentially transmitted to the power output mechanism 6 through the planet carrier 231 , the planetary gear 232 and the ring gear 21 . In the fourth mode, when the first lock 71 releases the planet carrier 231 and the second lock 72 locks the sun gear 22, the power output by the first drive device 3 passes through the planet carrier 231, the planetary gear 232 and the The ring gear 21 is transmitted to the power output mechanism 6, and at the same time, the power output by the third driving device 5 is transmitted to the power output mechanism 6 through the ring gear 21; in the fifth mode, when the first lock 71 releases the planet carrier 231 and the second lock 72 releases the sun gear 22, the second driving device 4 is in the driving mode, and the power output by the first driving device 3 is sequentially transmitted to the power output through the planet carrier 231, the planetary gear 232 and the ring gear 21 At the same time, the power output by the second driving device 4 is transmitted to the power output mechanism 6 through the sun gear 22 , the planetary gear 232 and the ring gear 21 in sequence. When the first drive device 3 , the second drive device 4 , the third drive device 5 and the power output mechanism 6 form other forms of assembly layouts, the above-mentioned distributed power system can switch to more operating modes, which are not omitted here. Repeat.
因此，本发明的分布式动力系统的技术效果如下：Therefore, the technical effect of the distributed power system of the present invention is as follows:
1、分布式动力系统的整体结构非常简单，便于布置，并且第一驱动装置3、第二驱动装置4以及第三驱动装置5分别与行星齿轮机构2传动连接，省去离合器和变速器，极大降低制造成本和维护成本，减轻重量并且有利于安装布局；1. The overall structure of the distributed power system is very simple and easy to arrange, and the first driving device 3, the second driving device 4 and the third driving device 5 are respectively connected to the planetary gear mechanism 2 for transmission, eliminating the need for clutches and transmissions. Reduce manufacturing and maintenance costs, reduce weight and facilitate installation layout;
2、行星齿轮机构2和模式切换系统7的结合使用，加上第一驱动装置3、第二驱动装置4以及第三驱动装置5的类型可以选择，使得分布式动力系统的动力分配灵活；在模式切换系统7的调节下，分布式动力系统的工作模式多样，串并联组合类型丰富；2. The combined use of the planetary gear mechanism 2 and the mode switching system 7, plus the type of the first drive device 3, the second drive device 4 and the third drive device 5 can be selected, so that the power distribution of the distributed power system is flexible; Under the adjustment of the mode switching system 7, the working modes of the distributed power system are diverse, and the types of series-parallel combinations are rich;
3、分布式动力系统具有自修复功能，在启动自检时或者在动力传动零部件发生损坏时，主动调整自身的工作模式。也就是说，不同于常规多动力、多输出系统的固定连接或者通过类似离合器的连接方式，分布式动力系统所有输入和输出之间都可以通过控制系统1锁死行星齿轮机构2的某个零部件来灵活调节动力流向，并且调节行星齿轮机构2的某个零部件负载阻尼来灵活调节动力分配比例。所有动力均通过齿轮传动结构将动力传输至动力输出机构6，控制系统1实时采集第一驱动装置3、第二驱动装置4、第三驱动装置5以及模式切换系统7的工况，通过对第一锁止器71、第二锁止器72的锁死状态和松开状态的控制，能够使分布式动力系统的动力分配路径避开出现故障的驱动装置、锁止器或者驱动电池，进而提高第一驱动装置3、第二驱动装置4以及第三驱动装置5的总体运行效率，从而能够自动监测、自动修复、调整上述分布式动力系统的动力分配路径以使分布式动力系统始终高效、可靠地输出动力。具体的，在上述分布式动力系统的一种实施例中，即在第一驱动装置3为发动机，第二驱动装置4和第三驱动装置5均为电机，并且动力输出机构6与齿圈21传动连接的装配布局下，控制系统1在开启后实时监控第一驱动装置3、第二驱动装置4、第三驱动装置5以及模式切换系统7的工况是否正常。如果发现第三驱动装置5损坏，在控制系统1的调控下，分布式动力系统自动切换成发动机和电机的混动模式；如果发现第二驱动装置4损坏，在控制系统1的调控下，分布式动力系统自动切换成发动机和电机的混动模式；如果发现第一驱动装置3损坏，在控制系统1的调控下，分布式动力系统自动切换成双电机的混动模式。如果发现第三驱动装置5无法获取电能，在控制系统1的调控下，分布式动力系统自 动切换成发动机驱动、其中一个电机发电且另一个电机驱动的串并联混动模式；如果发现第一锁止器71或第二锁止器72损坏，在控制系统1的调控下，分布式动力系统可以自动切换成无需锁止器锁死的工作模式。3. The distributed power system has a self-healing function, and actively adjusts its own working mode when starting the self-check or when the power transmission parts are damaged. That is to say, different from the fixed connection of the conventional multi-power and multi-output system or the connection method similar to the clutch, the control system 1 can lock a certain zero point of the planetary gear mechanism 2 between all the inputs and outputs of the distributed power system. components to flexibly adjust the power flow direction, and adjust the load damping of a certain component of the planetary gear mechanism 2 to flexibly adjust the power distribution ratio. All power is transmitted to the power output mechanism 6 through the gear transmission structure, and the control system 1 collects the working conditions of the first driving device 3, the second driving device 4, the third driving device 5 and the mode switching system 7 in real time, The control of the locked state and the released state of the first lock 71 and the second lock 72 can make the power distribution path of the distributed power system avoid the faulty drive device, lock or drive battery, thereby improving the The overall operating efficiency of the first drive device 3, the second drive device 4 and the third drive device 5, so that the power distribution path of the above-mentioned distributed power system can be automatically monitored, automatically repaired, and adjusted to make the distributed power system always efficient and reliable. ground output power. Specifically, in an embodiment of the above distributed power system, that is, the first driving device 3 is an engine, the second driving device 4 and the third driving device 5 are motors, and the power output mechanism 6 and the ring gear 21 Under the assembly layout of the transmission connection, the control system 1 monitors in real time whether the working conditions of the first drive device 3 , the second drive device 4 , the third drive device 5 and the mode switching system 7 are normal after being turned on. If the third drive device 5 is found to be damaged, under the control of the control system 1, the distributed power system automatically switches to the hybrid mode of the engine and the motor; if the second drive device 4 is found to be damaged, under the control of the control system 1, the distribution The distributed power system automatically switches to the hybrid mode of the engine and the motor; if the first drive device 3 is found to be damaged, under the control of the control system 1, the distributed power system automatically switches to the hybrid mode of the two motors. If it is found that the third drive device 5 cannot obtain electric power, under the control of the control system 1, the distributed power system automatically switches to the series-parallel hybrid mode in which the engine is driven, one motor generates electricity and the other motor drives; if it is found that the first lock If the lock 71 or the second lock 72 is damaged, under the control of the control system 1, the distributed power system can automatically switch to a working mode that does not require the lock to be locked.
作为上述分布式动力系统的动力分布方式：上述第一驱动装置3、第二驱动装置4以及第三驱动装置5其中的两个为电机，第一驱动装置3、第二驱动装置4以及第三驱动装置5其中剩余的一个为发动机。As the power distribution method of the above-mentioned distributed power system: two of the first driving device 3, the second driving device 4 and the third driving device 5 are motors, and the first driving device 3, the second driving device 4 and the third driving device 5 are motors. The remaining one of the drive units 5 is an engine.
进一步的，为了协调两个电机之间的电能，上述分布式动力系统还包括驱动电池9，驱动电池9分别电连于第一驱动装置3、第二驱动装置4以及第三驱动装置5其中为电机的两个，驱动电池9通信连接于控制系统1。Further, in order to coordinate the electrical energy between the two motors, the above-mentioned distributed power system further includes a driving battery 9, and the driving battery 9 is electrically connected to the first driving device 3, the second driving device 4 and the third driving device 5 respectively, wherein: Two of the motors and the drive battery 9 are communicatively connected to the control system 1 .
上述驱动电池9用于向电机供电，或者储存由电机产生的电能。控制系统1与驱动电池9通信连接，可实时获取该驱动电池9的SOC值(剩余可放电电量与其完全充电状态的电量的比值)。驱动电池9的荷电状态分为有电状态、低电状态以及空电状态，有电状态的SOC值(即剩余电量占电池容量的比值，用户可调节驱动电池9的SOC值)的取值范围为大于25％，低电状态的SOC值的取值范围为10％-25％，空电状态的SOC值的取值范围为小于10％。此外，上述动力输出机构6相对于路面的时速划分为依次变大的低速、中速以及高速，低速的取值范围为小于42Km/h，中速的取值范围为42-82Km/h，高速的取值范围为大于82Km/h。The above-mentioned driving battery 9 is used to supply power to the motor, or to store the electric energy generated by the motor. The control system 1 is connected in communication with the driving battery 9, and can acquire the SOC value of the driving battery 9 in real time (the ratio of the remaining dischargeable power to the power in the fully charged state). The state of charge of the driving battery 9 is divided into a power state, a low power state and an empty power state. The range is greater than 25%, the value range of the SOC value in the low power state is 10%-25%, and the value range of the SOC value in the empty power state is less than 10%. In addition, the speed of the above-mentioned power output mechanism 6 relative to the road surface is divided into low speed, medium speed and high speed which increase in turn. The value range of is greater than 82Km/h.
基于上述驱动电池9的SOC值和动力输出机构6的时速，分布式动力系统的工作模式包括以下模式，从而降低分布式动力系统的总能耗：Based on the above-mentioned SOC value of the driving battery 9 and the speed of the power take-off mechanism 6, the operating modes of the distributed power system include the following modes, thereby reducing the total energy consumption of the distributed power system:
当动力输出机构6低速行驶，或者驱动电池9处于有电状态且动力输出机构6中速行驶(简称为低速及有电中速，下文用简称形式进行表述)时：第一锁止器71锁定行星架231，第二锁止器72松开太阳轮22，太阳轮22进行空转，第三驱动装置5处于驱动模式并且通过齿圈21将动力传递至动力输出机构6。When the power take-off mechanism 6 is running at a low speed, or the driving battery 9 is in an electrified state and the power take-off mechanism 6 is running at a medium speed (referred to as low speed and electrified medium speed, hereinafter expressed in abbreviated form): the first lock 71 is locked The planet carrier 231 , the second lock 72 release the sun gear 22 , the sun gear 22 is idling, the third driving device 5 is in the driving mode and the power is transmitted to the power output mechanism 6 through the ring gear 21 .
当驱动电池9处于低电状态且动力输出机构6中速行驶(简称为低电中速)时：第一锁止器71松开行星架231，第二锁止器72松开太阳轮22，第一驱动装置3将动力转递至行星架231之后分成两路，其中一路动力依次通过行星齿轮232、太阳轮22传递至第二驱动装置4，从而使第二驱动装置4进入发电模式，另一路动力依次通过行星齿轮232、齿圈21传递至动力输出机构6。When the drive battery 9 is in a low power state and the power output mechanism 6 is running at a medium speed (referred to as low power and medium speed for short): the first lock 71 releases the planet carrier 231, the second lock 72 releases the sun gear 22, The first driving device 3 transmits the power to the planet carrier 231 and then divides it into two paths, one of which is transmitted to the second driving device 4 through the planetary gear 232 and the sun gear 22 in turn, so that the second driving device 4 enters the power generation mode, and the other power is transmitted to the second driving device 4. One power is transmitted to the power output mechanism 6 through the planetary gear 232 and the ring gear 21 in sequence.
当动力输出机构6高速行驶(简称为高速)时：第一锁止器71松开行星架231，第二锁止器72锁定太阳轮22，第三驱动装置5和齿圈21之间的传动结构可以空转，第一驱动装置3所输出的动力依次通过行星架231、行星齿轮232以及齿圈21传递至动力输出机构6。When the power output mechanism 6 is running at high speed (referred to as high speed for short): the first lock 71 releases the planet carrier 231 , the second lock 72 locks the sun gear 22 , and the transmission between the third drive device 5 and the ring gear 21 The structure can be idling, and the power output by the first driving device 3 is sequentially transmitted to the power output mechanism 6 through the planet carrier 231 , the planetary gear 232 and the ring gear 21 .
当动力输出机构6处于第一运动模式且驱动电池9处于有电状态(简称为第一运动有电)时：当第一锁止器71松开行星架231且第二锁止器72锁死太阳轮22时，第一驱动装置3所输出的动力依次通过行星架231、行星齿轮232以及齿圈21传递至动力输出机构6，与此同时，第三驱动装置5所输出的动力通过齿圈21传递至动力输出机构6。When the power take-off mechanism 6 is in the first movement mode and the drive battery 9 is in an electrified state (referred to as the first movement with electricity): when the first lock 71 releases the planet carrier 231 and the second lock 72 is locked When the sun gear is 22, the power output by the first driving device 3 is sequentially transmitted to the power output mechanism 6 through the planet carrier 231, the planetary gear 232 and the ring gear 21, and at the same time, the power output by the third driving device 5 is transmitted through the ring gear. 21 is transmitted to the power take-off mechanism 6 .
当动力输出机构6处于第二运动模式且驱动电池9处于有电状态(简称为第二运动有电)时：第一锁止器71松开行星架231，第二锁止器72松开太阳轮22，第二驱动装置4处于驱动模式，第一驱动装置3所输出的动力依次通过行星架231、行星齿轮232以及齿圈21传递至动力输出机构6，与此同时，第二驱动装置4所输出的动力依次通过太阳轮22、行星齿轮232以及齿圈21传递至动力输出机构6。When the power output mechanism 6 is in the second movement mode and the driving battery 9 is in an electrified state (referred to as the second movement electrification): the first lock 71 releases the planet carrier 231 , and the second lock 72 releases the sun The wheel 22 and the second driving device 4 are in the driving mode, and the power output by the first driving device 3 is sequentially transmitted to the power output mechanism 6 through the planet carrier 231, the planetary gear 232 and the ring gear 21. At the same time, the second driving device 4 The output power is sequentially transmitted to the power output mechanism 6 through the sun gear 22 , the planetary gears 232 and the ring gear 21 .
为了切换更多的运行模式，上述模式切换系统7还包括第三锁止器73，第三锁止器73用于限制齿圈21、太阳轮22以及行星架231其中与动力输出机构6传动连接的一个，第三锁止器73与控制系统1通信连接。作为上述模式切换系统7的一种实施例：在第一驱动装置3为发动机，第二驱动装置4和第三驱动装置5均为电机，并且动力输出机构6与齿圈21传动连接的装配布局下，第一锁止器71用于限制行星架231，第二锁止器72用于限制太阳轮22，第三锁止器73用于限制齿圈21。使用时，第三锁止器73的松开状态或锁死状态由控制系统1控制。例如，当用户需要停止动力输出机构6时，用户向控制系统1发送停止指令(例如，驾驶员将汽车档位挂入P档)，控制系统1控制第三锁止器73将齿圈21锁死。In order to switch more operating modes, the above-mentioned mode switching system 7 further includes a third lock 73 , and the third lock 73 is used to restrict the ring gear 21 , the sun gear 22 and the planet carrier 231 to be in driving connection with the power output mechanism 6 . One, the third lock 73 is communicatively connected with the control system 1 . As an embodiment of the above-mentioned mode switching system 7: the assembly layout in which the first driving device 3 is an engine, the second driving device 4 and the third driving device 5 are motors, and the power output mechanism 6 and the ring gear 21 are drivingly connected Next, the first lock 71 is used to limit the planet carrier 231 , the second lock 72 is used to limit the sun gear 22 , and the third lock 73 is used to limit the ring gear 21 . In use, the release state or the locked state of the third lock 73 is controlled by the control system 1 . For example, when the user needs to stop the power take-off mechanism 6, the user sends a stop instruction to the control system 1 (for example, the driver shifts the vehicle gear to the P gear), and the control system 1 controls the third locker 73 to lock the ring gear 21 die.
为了阻止上述动力输出机构6继续运动时，上述模式切换系统7还包括第四锁止器74(例如卡钳)、由用户操控的制动触发器75(例如供驾驶员踩踏的刹车器)以及采集制动触发器75位置的位置检测器，第四锁止器74用于限制动力输出机构6，第四锁止器74与制动触发器75传动连接，位置检测器与控制系统1通信连接。In order to prevent the power output mechanism 6 from continuing to move, the mode switching system 7 further includes a fourth lock 74 (such as a caliper), a user-operated brake trigger 75 (such as a brake for the driver to step on), and a collection A position detector for the position of the brake trigger 75 , the fourth lock 74 is used to limit the power take-off mechanism 6 , the fourth lock 74 is drivingly connected with the brake trigger 75 , and the position detector is connected in communication with the control system 1 .
上述位置检测器可以实时采集上述制动触发器75的位置信息，当制动触发器75的位置不同时，位置检测器向控制系统1可以发送不同的电机运行指令。例如，当制动触发器75为踏板时，制动触发器75的运动行程划分成两段，当制动触发器75位于其中一段行程时，位置检测器向控制系统1发送电机发电指令，以使控制系统1控制上述第一驱动装置3、第二驱动装置4、第三驱动装置5其中为电机的一个进入发电模式。此外，在制动触发器75的整个行程中，由于第四锁止器74与制动触发器75传动连接，制动触发器75控制第四锁止器74的锁死程度。The position detector can collect the position information of the brake trigger 75 in real time. When the position of the brake trigger 75 is different, the position detector can send different motor running commands to the control system 1 . For example, when the brake trigger 75 is a pedal, the movement stroke of the brake trigger 75 is divided into two sections, when the brake trigger 75 is located in one of the strokes, the position detector sends a motor power generation command to the control system 1 to The control system 1 is made to control one of the first driving device 3, the second driving device 4, and the third driving device 5, which is a motor, to enter the power generation mode. Furthermore, the brake trigger 75 controls the degree of locking of the fourth lock 74 due to the driving connection of the fourth lock 74 with the brake trigger 75 throughout the stroke of the brake trigger 75 .
当本发明的分布式动力系统应用于车辆时，在第一驱动装置3为发动机，第二驱动装置4和第三驱动装置5均为电机，并且动力输出机构6与齿圈21传动连接的装配布局下，该分 布式动力系统的各个具体工作状态参见下述表格：When the distributed power system of the present invention is applied to a vehicle, the first drive device 3 is an engine, the second drive device 4 and the third drive device 5 are both motors, and the power output mechanism 6 is assembled in a transmission connection with the ring gear 21 Under the layout, the specific working states of the distributed power system are shown in the following table:
表1分布式动力系统在车辆启动时的工作状态Table 1 The working state of the distributed power system when the vehicle is started
Figure PCTCN2021091557-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2021091557-appb-000001
表2分布式动力系统在车辆低速时的工作状态Table 2 Working state of distributed power system at low vehicle speed
Figure PCTCN2021091557-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2021091557-appb-000002
表3分布式动力系统在车辆中速时的工作状态Table 3 The working state of the distributed power system at the medium speed of the vehicle
Figure PCTCN2021091557-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2021091557-appb-000003
表4分布式动力系统在车辆高速时的工作状态Table 4 Working state of distributed power system at high speed of vehicle
Figure PCTCN2021091557-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2021091557-appb-000004
表5分布式动力系统在车辆运动加速时的工作状态Table 5 The working state of the distributed power system when the vehicle is accelerated
Figure PCTCN2021091557-appb-000005
Figure PCTCN2021091557-appb-000005
表6分布式动力系统在车辆惯性滑行或减速能量回收时的工作状态Table 6 The working state of the distributed power system when the vehicle coasts or decelerates the energy recovery
Figure PCTCN2021091557-appb-000006
Figure PCTCN2021091557-appb-000006
当上述分布式动力系统适用于车辆时，上述动力输出机构6包括依次相连的动力传动组件61、差速器62以及行驶机构，动力传动组件61与齿圈21、太阳轮22以及行星架231其中的一个传动连接。When the above-mentioned distributed power system is applied to a vehicle, the above-mentioned power output mechanism 6 includes a power transmission assembly 61 , a differential 62 and a running mechanism connected in sequence, and the power transmission assembly 61 is connected with the ring gear 21 , the sun gear 22 and the planet carrier 231 among a drive connection.
为了便于检测上述行星齿轮机构2的齿圈21、太阳轮22以及行星架231所对应的速度，上述分布式动力系统还包括转速检测系统8，转速检测系统8包括检测齿圈21转速的第一转速传感器81、检测太阳轮22转速的第二转速传感器82以及检测行星架231转速的第三转速传感器83，第一转速传感器81、第二转速传感器82以及第三转速传感器83分别与控制系统1通信连接。In order to facilitate the detection of the speeds corresponding to the ring gear 21 , the sun gear 22 and the planet carrier 231 of the above-mentioned planetary gear mechanism 2 , the above-mentioned distributed power system further includes a rotational speed detection system 8 . The rotational speed sensor 81 , the second rotational speed sensor 82 for detecting the rotational speed of the sun gear 22 and the third rotational speed sensor 83 for detecting the rotational speed of the planet carrier 231 , the first rotational speed sensor 81 , the second rotational speed sensor 82 and the third rotational speed sensor 83 are respectively connected with the control system 1 communication connection.
为了提高上述控制系统1的安全可靠性和实时传输性，上述控制系统1包括主控器11、第一驱动电控单元12、第二驱动电控单元13以及第三驱动电控单元14，第一驱动电控单元12与第一驱动装置3和主控器11分别通信连接，第二驱动电控单元13与第二驱动装置4和主控器11分别通信连接，第三驱动电控单元14与第三驱动装置5和主控器11分别通信连接。进一步的，上述控制系统1还包括转速探测单元15以及电池管理单元16，转速探测单元15与上述第一转速传感器81、第二转速传感器82、第三转速传感器83以及主控器11分别通信连接，电池管理单元16与驱动电池9和主控器11分别通信连接。In order to improve the safety, reliability and real-time transmission of the above-mentioned control system 1, the above-mentioned control system 1 includes a main controller 11, a first driving electronic control unit 12, a second driving electronic control unit 13 and a third driving electronic control unit 14. A driving electronic control unit 12 is respectively connected in communication with the first driving device 3 and the main controller 11, the second driving electronic control unit 13 is respectively connected in communication with the second driving device 4 and the main controller 11, and the third driving electronic control unit 14 It is connected to the third driving device 5 and the main controller 11 for communication respectively. Further, the above-mentioned control system 1 further includes a rotational speed detection unit 15 and a battery management unit 16, and the rotational speed detection unit 15 is connected to the first rotational speed sensor 81, the second rotational speed sensor 82, the third rotational speed sensor 83 and the main controller 11 in communication respectively. , the battery management unit 16 is connected to the driving battery 9 and the main controller 11 in communication respectively.
本发明还提供一种汽车，包括上述分布式动力系统。本发明的汽车的能耗更低，行驶模式更加多样化。The present invention also provides an automobile, including the above distributed power system. The vehicle of the present invention has lower energy consumption and more diversified driving modes.
综上所述，本发明的分布式动力系统及汽车，能够自动监测、自动修复、调整动力分配路径以使分布式动力系统始终高效、可靠地输出动力，从而可以充分利用电机和内燃机的不同优点，将能量最大化转换，向车辆最高效率的提供动力。所以，本发明有效克服了现有技术中的种种缺点而具高度产业利用价值。To sum up, the distributed power system and the vehicle of the present invention can automatically monitor, repair, and adjust the power distribution path so that the distributed power system can always output power efficiently and reliably, so that the different advantages of the electric motor and the internal combustion engine can be fully utilized. , maximize the conversion of energy, and provide power to the vehicle with the highest efficiency. Therefore, the present invention effectively overcomes various shortcomings in the prior art and has high industrial application value.
上述实施例仅例示性说明本发明的原理及其功效，而非用于限制本发明。任何熟悉此技术的人士皆可在不违背本发明的精神及范畴下，对上述实施例进行修饰或改变。因此，举凡所属技术领域中具有通常知识者在未脱离本发明所揭示的精神与技术思想下所完成的一切等效修饰或改变，仍应由本发明的权利要求所涵盖。The above-mentioned embodiments merely illustrate the principles and effects of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone skilled in the art can modify or change the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field without departing from the spirit and technical idea disclosed in the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (9)

  1. 一种分布式动力系统，其特征在于，包括：A distributed power system, comprising:
    控制系统(1)；control system (1);
    用于分配动力的行星齿轮机构(2)，行星齿轮机构(2)包括齿圈(21)、位于齿圈(21)中心处的太阳轮(22)、以及设于齿圈(21)和太阳轮(22)之间的行星齿轮组(23)，行星齿轮组(23)包括行星架(231)以及设于行星架(231)的多个行星齿轮(232)；A planetary gear mechanism (2) for power distribution, the planetary gear mechanism (2) includes a ring gear (21), a sun gear (22) located at the center of the ring gear (21), and a sun gear (22) provided at the ring gear (21) and the sun a planetary gear set (23) between the wheels (22), the planetary gear set (23) includes a planetary carrier (231) and a plurality of planetary gears (232) arranged on the planetary carrier (231);
    第一驱动装置(3)，第一驱动装置(3)与行星架(231)传动连接并且通信连接于控制系统(1)；a first drive device (3), the first drive device (3) is drivingly connected to the planet carrier (231) and is communicatively connected to the control system (1);
    第二驱动装置(4)，第二驱动装置(4)与太阳轮(22)传动连接并且通信连接于控制系统(1)；a second driving device (4), the second driving device (4) is drivingly connected to the sun gear (22) and is communicatively connected to the control system (1);
    第三驱动装置(5)，第三驱动装置(5)与齿圈(21)传动连接并且通信连接于控制系统(1)；a third driving device (5), the third driving device (5) is drivingly connected to the ring gear (21) and is communicatively connected to the control system (1);
    动力输出机构(6)，动力输出机构(6)与齿圈(21)、太阳轮(22)以及行星架(231)其中的一个传动连接；a power output mechanism (6), the power output mechanism (6) is drivingly connected with one of the ring gear (21), the sun gear (22) and the planet carrier (231);
    模式切换系统(7)，模式切换系统(7)包括第一锁止器(71)和第二锁止器(72)，第一锁止器(71)和第二锁止器(72)用于分别限制齿圈(21)、太阳轮(22)以及行星架(231)其中未与动力输出机构(6)传动连接的两个，第一锁止器(71)和第二锁止器(72)分别与控制系统(1)通信连接。A mode switching system (7), the mode switching system (7) comprises a first lock (71) and a second lock (72), the first lock (71) and the second lock (72) are used for The first lock (71) and the second lock ( 72) are respectively connected in communication with the control system (1).
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的分布式动力系统，其特征在于：所述模式切换系统(7)还包括第三锁止器(73)，第三锁止器(73)用于限制齿圈(21)、太阳轮(22)以及行星架(231)其中与动力输出机构(6)传动连接的一个，第三锁止器(73)与控制系统(1)通信连接。The distributed power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mode switching system (7) further comprises a third lock (73), and the third lock (73) is used to limit the ring gear (21) ), the sun gear (22) and the planet carrier (231) which is in transmission connection with the power output mechanism (6), and the third lock (73) is connected in communication with the control system (1).
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的分布式动力系统，其特征在于：所述模式切换系统(7)还包括第四锁止器(74)、由用户操控的制动触发器(75)以及采集制动触发器(75)位置的位置检测器，第四锁止器(74)用于限制动力输出机构(6)，第四锁止器(74)与制动触发器(75)传动连接，位置检测器与控制系统(1)通信连接。The distributed power system according to claim 1, wherein the mode switching system (7) further comprises a fourth lock (74), a user-operated brake trigger (75), and an acquisition brake A position detector for the position of the trigger (75), the fourth lock (74) is used to limit the power take-off mechanism (6), the fourth lock (74) is drivingly connected with the brake trigger (75), and the position is detected The controller is connected in communication with the control system (1).
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的分布式动力系统，其特征在于：所述第一驱动装置(3)、第二驱动装置(4)以及第三驱动装置(5)其中的两个为电机，第一驱动装置(3)、第二驱动装置(4)以及第三驱动装置(5)其中剩余的一个为发动机。The distributed power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: two of the first driving device (3), the second driving device (4) and the third driving device (5) are motors, and the first driving device (4) and the third driving device (5) are motors. The remaining one of the driving device (3), the second driving device (4) and the third driving device (5) is an engine.
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的分布式动力系统，其特征在于：所述分布式动力系统还包括驱动电池(9)，驱动电池(9)分别电连于第一驱动装置(3)、第二驱动装置(4)以及第三驱动装置(5)其中为电机的两个，驱动电池(9)通信连接于控制系统(1)。The distributed power system according to claim 4, characterized in that: the distributed power system further comprises a driving battery (9), and the driving battery (9) is electrically connected to the first driving device (3) and the second driving device respectively. The device (4) and the third driving device (5) are two motors, and the driving battery (9) is communicatively connected to the control system (1).
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的分布式动力系统，其特征在于：所述动力输出机构(6)包括依次相连的动力传动组件(61)、差速器(62)以及行驶机构，动力传动组件(61)与齿圈(21)、太阳轮(22)以及行星架(231)其中的一个传动连接。The distributed power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the power output mechanism (6) comprises a power transmission assembly (61), a differential (62) and a running mechanism connected in sequence, and the power transmission assembly (61) ) is drivingly connected with one of the ring gear (21), the sun gear (22) and the planet carrier (231).
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的分布式动力系统，其特征在于：所述分布式动力系统还包括转速检测系统(8)，转速检测系统(8)包括检测齿圈(21)转速的第一转速传感器(81)、检测太阳轮(22)转速的第二转速传感器(82)以及检测行星架(231)转速的第三转速传感器(83)，第一转速传感器(81)、第二转速传感器(82)以及第三转速传感器(83)分别与控制系统(1)通信连接。The distributed power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the distributed power system further comprises a rotational speed detection system (8), and the rotational speed detection system (8) comprises a first rotational speed sensor for detecting the rotational speed of the ring gear (21). (81), a second rotational speed sensor (82) for detecting the rotational speed of the sun gear (22), a third rotational speed sensor (83) for detecting the rotational speed of the planet carrier (231), a first rotational speed sensor (81), a second rotational speed sensor (82) ) and the third rotational speed sensor (83) are respectively connected in communication with the control system (1).
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的分布式动力系统，其特征在于：所述控制系统(1)包括主控器(11)、第一驱动电控单元(12)、第二驱动电控单元(13)以及第三驱动电控单元(14)，第一驱动电控单元(12)与第一驱动装置(3)和主控器(11)分别通信连接，第二驱动电控单元(13)与第二驱动装置(4)和主控器(11)分别通信连接，第三驱动电控单元(14)与第三驱动装置(5)和主控器(11)分别通信连接。The distributed power system according to claim 1, wherein the control system (1) comprises a main controller (11), a first driving electronic control unit (12), and a second driving electronic control unit (13) and a third driving electronic control unit (14), the first driving electronic control unit (12) is respectively connected in communication with the first driving device (3) and the main controller (11), and the second driving electronic control unit (13) is connected with the first driving device (3) and the main controller (11) respectively. The second driving device (4) and the main controller (11) are respectively connected in communication, and the third driving electronic control unit (14) is respectively connected in communication with the third driving device (5) and the main controller (11).
  9. 一种汽车，其特征在于：包括如权利要求1至权利要求8任一项所述的分布式动力系统。An automobile is characterized by comprising the distributed power system according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
PCT/CN2021/091557 2021-04-19 2021-04-30 Distributed power system and automobile WO2022222186A1 (en)

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CN202110420470.3A CN115214345A (en) 2021-04-19 2021-04-19 Distributed power system and automobile
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