WO2022219649A1

WO2022219649A1 - A printed electronic stack embedded in a vehicle glazing

Info

Publication number: WO2022219649A1
Application number: PCT/IN2022/050359
Authority: WO
Inventors: Arunvel Thangamani; Parasuraman S; Balamurugan TS; Naveinah CHANDRASEKARAN
Original assignee: Saint-Gobain Glass France; Indian Institute Of Technology Madras
Priority date: 2021-04-15
Filing date: 2022-04-14
Publication date: 2022-10-20

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a printed electronic stack (150) on the vehicle glazing with an encapsulate layer (120) and a di-electric layer (130). The di-electric layer (130) has plurality of conductive layers (160) printed on the same. The conductive layers (160) can also be printed on an interlayer (140) placed between a first glass substrate (100) and a second glass substrate (110) or directly on a glass substrate (100 or 110) of the vehicle glazing (1000). The printed electronic stack (150) is such that it has light transparency of a minimum of 5% and upto 95%. The composition of the conductive layers (160) is varied as per functionality requirements in different zone of the vehicle glazing (1000) which is to be used in a windshield and/or in sidelite and/or in backlite and/or in quarterlite of the vehicle (Zone A or Zone B or Zone C or Zone D).

Description

A PRINTED ELECTRONIC STACK EMBEDDED IN A VEHICLE GLAZING

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY

The present invention relates to a printed electronic stack on a vehicle glazing. Particularly, the present invention relates to the printed electronic stack on vehicle glazing with an encapsulate layer and a di-electric layer on the same. More particularly, it relates to plurality of conductive layers printed in the dielectric layer of the printed electronic stack.

BACKGROUND

Background description includes information that may be useful in understanding the present disclosure. It is not an admission that any of the information provided herein is prior art or relevant to the presently claimed disclosure, or that any publication specifically or implicitly referenced is prior art.

In the recent years, the use of conductive layers integrated in vehicle glazing is gaining a wide popularity. The conductive layers are conventionally antenna. Such integrated antennas have better aerodynamic characteristic and the design of the vehicle is preserved by an integrated antenna rather than the use of an external antenna on the metallic vehicle roof. Further the integration of antenna in vehicle glazing increase the antenna performance as compared to an antenna, specifically a whip antenna in the vehicle roof because of the metal interference in the vehicle roof. Moreover, when in the vehicle glazing, the antenna is not externally visible, which is more desirable than an external visible whip antenna and also at times antenna with sensor.

Although whip antennae are capable of being used even in higher frequency but higher cost and cumbersome implementation are major disadvantages of such antennae. Another kind of antenna system in vehicle include systems with separate antenna components that are implemented as attachments to the printed circuit board (PCB). But these arrangements are disadvantageous if they suffer from drawbacks like the increased cost and weight, and in certain cases they tend to fail if used as an RF system. Further, present in the prior art is printed antennae that are printed with conducting inks such as and not limited to silver paste, copper paste or tin paste, thus making them conductive layers. The printed antennae made from such conductive ink may be configured to function all the functional characteristics of any traditional whip antenna and in furtherance, it can also act as a defogging heater wire. Even in cases of such printed antenna the major challenge lies in maintaining the optimum light transparency and thereby required visibility to the driver.

Reference is made to US20170033433A1 that discloses a windshield antenna. The said prior art discloses a layered antenna integrated in the vehicle windshield. The antenna here is single or double layered which is further soldered for correct alignment. Such a method of antenna assembly is challenging as it involves multiple soldering joints which further affect the antenna performance due to mismatch that may arise in each soldering joint. Moreover, copper mesh used for the antenna in the given prior art is prone to corrosion during exposure to external atmosphere.

Another reference is made to US20160288459A1 which relates to a process for producing laminated glass composites with embedded electrically conductive structures. The process of embedding the conductive layer in the prior art involves assembly of two films precisely so as to attain the required functionality. Further, the process of embedding the antenna might result in reduced light transparency and thereby impairing the driver vision.

Further, reference is made to US20090140938A1 that discloses a transparent antenna for vehicle and vehicle glass with antennas. The disclosure provides a transparent antenna constructed with conductive thin film copper or copper alloy of a mesh structure and each mesh structure with defined and controlled fine bands. Hence, the fabrication process in the prior art requires precise control over the band-width of the mesh structure. This further requires construction of mesh which are only of geometric patterns, and, the lines, if not constructed with extra find bands the light transmittance to the driver is reduced and is not suitable for the front glass or windshield.

Although, embedding of antenna in vehicle glazing is common in the art, the process of doing the same involves lot of complexities.

Most vehicles existent in the art with the embedded antenna compromises the light transparency of the vehicle glazing. Further, the antenna when exposed to UV environment corrodes with time and thereby loses its functionality. Besides, the factors stated, the issue of metal interference persists when an antenna is implemented at a proximity of the metal body of the vehicle.

In the light of the prior art discussed hitherto, there is a need of a simple cost effective vehicle glazing solutions relating to conductive layers, which is an antenna, optionally with sensors such that the light transparency is maintained even after the integration of the conductive layer. There is also a need of a protective layer/mechanism to protect the antenna from corrosion when exposed to corrosive atmosphere.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

An object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle glazing with a cost effective printed di-electric layers embedded in the same.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a protective layer for the effective protection of printed di-electric layers from corrosive atmospheric conditions.

Yet another object of the present invention is to provide printed di-electric layers on the vehicle glazing such that light transparency is not hampered.

Another object of the present invention is to provide printed di-electric layers on the windshield of a vehicle glazing such that driver vision is not hampered.

A further object of the present invention is to provide printed di-electric layers in vehicle glazing placed such that there is ineffective interference with metal environment of the vehicle.

A yet another object of the present invention is to move antenna away from metal body and bring it in vision zone such that vehicle performance is not compromised.

These and other objects of the invention are achieved by the following aspects of the invention. The following disclosure presents a simplified summary of the invention in order to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the invention. This presents some concept of the invention in a simplified form to a more detailed description of the invention presented later. It is a comprehensive summary of the disclosure and it is not an extensive overview of the present invention. The intend of this summary is to provide a fundamental understanding of some of the aspects of the present invention.

In an aspect of the present invention is disclosed a printed electronic stack embedded in a vehicle glazing. The electronic stack is such that it comprises of an encapsulate layer, a di electric layer and a plurality of conductive layers printed on the di-electric layer. The plurality of conductive layers is antenna, optionally comprising sensors. The printed electronic stack is further such that it has light transparency of at least 5% to a maximum value of 95%. The encapsulate layer in the stack acts as a protective layer for the conductive layers in the di electric layer and protects them from corrosion when exposed to a corrosive environment.

In another aspect of the present invention is disclosed a vehicle glazing whereby the glazing for windshield is divided into three different zones and the sidelite is divided into one zone. Variable light transparency is maintained in the various zones and the same is maintained by altering the composition of ink used for printing the conductive layers as well as material composition of the encapsulate layer.

The printed electronic stack having the conductive layers provide a good isolation over the nearby metal environment interference and at the same time renders no blockage of driver view. Further, the metal body has a critical influence on the performance of conductive layers depending on its placement. The conductive layers in the present invention is placed in a way such that the radio frequency inference with the metal body of the vehicle is minimized. Additionally, the unique printed electronic stack design on the vehicle glazing is also protected from corrosion by encapsulate layer and thus serves as a cost effective mechanism.

The significant features of the present invention and the advantages of the same will be apparent to a person skilled in the art from the detailed description that follows in conjunction with the annexed drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS

The following briefly describes the accompanying drawings, illustrating the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, for assisting the understanding of a person skilled in the art to comprehend the invention. It would be apparent that the accompanying drawings in the following description merely show some embodiments of the present invention, and persons skilled in the art can derive other drawings from the accompanying drawings without deviating from the scope of the disclosure.

FIG 1 illustrates a vehicle glazing having an electronic stack in accordance to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG 2 illustrates a magnified view of the electronic stack having the di-electric layers in accordance with the present invention.

FIG 3a illustrates the various zone divisions in a windshield of a vehicle in accordance with the present invention.

FIG 3b illustrates the zone division in a sidelite of a vehicle in accordance with the present invention.

FIG 4 illustrates the transmittance of visible light in various composition of encapsulate layer in accordance with the present invention.

FIG 5 illustrates the change in functionality of the encapsulate layer on addition of metal oxide in accordance with the present invention.

FIG 6 illustrates the functionality of conductive layers in association with various encapsulate layer composition in accordance with the present invention.

Persons skilled in the art will appreciate that elements in the figures are illustrated for simplicity and clarity and have not necessarily been drawn to scale. For example, the dimensions of some of the elements in the figures may be exaggerated relative to other elements to help to improve understanding of embodiments of the disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present disclosure is now discussed in more detail referring to the drawings that accompany the present application. It would be appreciated by a skilled person that this description to assist the understanding of the invention but these are to be regarded as merely exemplary.

Features that are described and/or illustrated with respect to one embodiment may be used in the same way or in a similar way in one or more other embodiments and/or in combination with or instead of the features of the other embodiments.

The terms and words used in the following description are not limited to the bibliographical meanings and the same are used to enable a clear and consistent understanding of the invention. Accordingly, the terms/phrases are to be read in the context of the disclosure and not in isolation. Additionally, descriptions of well-known functions and constructions are omitted for clarity and conciseness.

The term ‘ substantially used in the present disclosure is used in order to avoid the mathematical rigidity of any characteristic, parameter, or value. This is meant to indicate that the corresponding characteristic, parameter, or value need not be achieved exactly, but that deviations or variations, including and not limited to for example, tolerances, measurement error, measurement accuracy limitations and other factors known to those of skill in the art, may occur in amounts that do not preclude the effect the characteristic was intended to provide.

In the present disclosure, discrete, ‘ electrically conductive ’ structures do not necessarily comprise flat layers, but separately identifiable structures such as conductor tracks, wires, networks built with these tracks or wires, dots, and combinations thereof.

The present disclosure is directed to conductive layers, specifically antenna, optionally with sensors, integrated into vehicle glazing such that light transparency is maintained to the optimum level. The conductive layers, so integrated, aids in wireless connectivity, assistance for functioning of smart vehicles, capture of radio frequency even in vehicles without a backlite and related. Further, the conductive layers are protected from a corrosive environment by an encapsulate layer which is placed on top of di-electric layers comprising the conductive layers. More specifically, the light transparency is maintained as desired in various zones in the vehicle glazing by altering the composition and thickness of encapsulate layer as well as the conductive layers present in an electronic stack of the vehicle glazing. The basic requirement of a conductive layer, specifically antennas, once integrated into a vehicle glazing is to maintain the light transparency so as to ensure a smooth drive as well as a comfortable ride. The conventional patch, in certain cases, though the conductive layers maintains the light transparency to an optimum extent, the process of configuration of the same is complex. Further the metal used for the same is prone to corrosion and thus loses its utility with time. Moreover, the antenna is placed in a way such that there is a constant metal interference from metal environment of the windshield of the vehicle. This has been detailed in the prior art section of the present disclosure. Accordingly, in an embodiment of the present invention is disclosed conductive layers printed on a di-electric layer to be used in a vehicle glazing such that it overcomes all the hurdles as present in the mentioned prior arts.

The FIG 1 of the present invention illustrates an electronic stack (150) well embedded in between two glass substrates (100 and 110) of an automotive vehicle glazing (1000). The first glass substrate (100) and the second glass substrate (110) in the vehicle glazing (1000) are laminated together by at least one layer of interlayer (140). The electronic stack (150) in the present invention is printed either on the polymeric interlayer (140) in one embodiment or on any one of the glass substrate (100 or 110) of the vehicle glazing (1000). To be noted that in some embodiments, the vehicle glazing (1000) can even be a tempered glass with a single glass substrate (100 or 110) and without any interlayer. In the embodiments where the electronic stack (150) is printed on the glass substrate (100 or 110), the same can be printed either on face one or face two (170 or 175) of first glass substrate (100) or face three or face four (180 or 185) of second glass substrate (110). Further, the electronic stack (150) is an amalgamation of an encapsulate layer (120) as well as a di-electric layer (130) comprising the plurality of conductive layers (160 as in FIG 2). The electronic stack (150) is printed, and has electrically conductive layers (160) wherein the method of printing is screen printing or extrusion printing or roll printing or inkjet printing or spin coating or dip coating. The printing is done such that when printed on the glass substrate (100 or 110) or the interlayer (140), the same is cured after printing the conductive layers (160) in the di-electric layer (130) for adhesion. The method of printing depends on multiple factors ranging from its dependancy on : Ink Rheology, substrate properties, Performance requirements on curing, Printed capability etc. Some key properties will involve the below.

• Printing Parameters: Extrusion amount, Number of Passes [Number of Layers of Print], Ink Viscosity, Printing Speed • Coating Parameters: Extrusion Amount, Rotational per second, Time of coating, Coating Speed

• Ink Rheology: Viscosity of the Ink, Curing Temperature, Adhesion Properties of Ink, Sheet resistance change with respect to Solvent dilution, Surface energy of the substrate.

The coating volume and spinning speed/duration are adjusted to optimal levels to obtain the desired printing types. Further, the performance of conductive layer (160) is dependant on type of solvent which being Deionized water, Alcohols or Glycols.

The printed electronic stack (150) has a light transparency which ranges from a minimum of 5% to a maximum of 95% which ensures a clear visibility and hence a safe vehicle ride. As depicted in FIG 2, the printed electronic stack (150) has plurality of conductive layers (160) printed in the di-electric layer (130). These conductive layers (160) are antenna, optionally with sensor. The conductive layers (160) so disclosed are placed such that the encapsulate layer (120) placed next to the di-electric layer (130) hosting the conductive layers (160), which further act as a protective layer and prevent corrosion or erosion of the conductive layers (160) when exposed to corrosive environments thereby maintaining the performance of the conductive layers (160). The encapsulate layer (120) is further implemented such that its composition and thickness can be varied across different zones of a vehicle glazing (1000) so as to maintain the required transparency of the vehicle glazing (1000). Also, the placement of the conductive layers (160) in the vehicle glazing is such that it is in the Zone A or Zone B of the driver and hence away from metal body of the venicle thus resulting in no or minimal electromagnetic interference with the radiation of the conductive layers (160). Thus, charging of the metal surface by the eddy currents when close to electromagnetic field is also prevented and hence there is no interference with the performance of conductive layers (160). For printing the conductive layers (160) in the di-electric layer (130), silver ink is mainly used. Other suitable conductive inks may also be used that serve the purpose. On top of that printed conductive layers (160), the encapsulate layer (120) is printed for anti-corrosion. The encapsulate layer (130) is printed with a mixture of varied polymer and metal oxide composition depending on functionality and positioning requirement in the vehicle glazing (1000). Post this coating, the printed inks are cured at standard temperature using furnace. Further to this, at least two glass substrate (100 and 110) are merged with an interlayer (140) such as and not limited to a Polyvinyl butyral (or PVB) or Ethylene-vinyl acetate layer which is further ozone treated. The lamination of the automotive glass is performed using further standard automotive glass manufacturing processes such as bending, preheating and autoclaving. The conductive layers (160) disclosed herein may be printed on laminated or tempered glasses or other non-laminated glasses, catering to the application requirements. Further, it has a radiative functionality which range from a minimum frequency of 80 KHz to a maximum frequency of 5 GHz.

In one embodiment of the invention, the electronic stack (150) is printed on the vehicle glazing (1000) whereby the vehicle glazing (1000) is a windshield and/or in sidelite and/or in backlite and/or in quarterlite. The windshield as depicted in FIG 3a is divided into three zones A, B and C (Zone A, Zone B and Zone C). Zone A is generally considered to be driver vision zone. The span of the zones ranges such that Zone C is upto 70 mm in the top and sides and upto 120 mm at the bottom, zone B ranges from zone C such that at the edge, as well as at the top and sides it is upto 50 mm and for bottom upto 80 mm, the remaining portion is the A zone, wherein the reference has to be done from the edges of a conventional windshield. The span of zone classification is not limited to the dimensions as mentioned herewith and can vary for different models of automobile or different embodiments of the same invention. The entire sidelite is classified as a single zone D (Zone D) as depicted in FIG 3b. The composition of printing ink of the conductive layers (160) and the encapsulate layer (120) is varied in different zones. The ink for printing the conductive layers (160) is Silver Nano Wire or Silver Nano Particle (1 pass or multiple passes) (lpass in the present invention is 150nm, 2 passes is 250nm and so on) and that for the encapsulate layer (120) is a combination of the polymer, the polymer being polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and metal oxide, metal oxide (MO) being at least of 0.5% weight of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) or Titanium Oxide (T1O2) to a maximum of 5% of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) or Titanium Oxide (T1O2) to be used in the zones (Zone A or Zone B or Zone C or Zone D) of the vehicle glazing (1000).

The detailed composition for the ink of conductive layers (160) and the encapsulate layer (120) are herein under:

Table 1

The above depicted Table 1 depicts various embodiments of the invention whereby the various combination of conductive layers (160) and encapsulate layers (120) are depicted. The PDMS and MO combination in the encapsulate layer (120) serves as a protective layer protecting the conductive layers (160) embedded in the di-electric layer (130) or in the glass substrates (100 or 110) from corrosion due to Ultra Violet light. In the embodiments wherein the conductive layers (160) are printed on tempered glass, the encapsulate layer (120) serves as a protective layer protecting the conductive layers (160) embedded in the di-electric layer (130) from corrosion due to Ultra Violet light. In case of tempered glass, the encapsulate layer (120) is manufactured by spin coating to maintain a thickness of lOOmicrons to 1mm. Further, in any of the mentioned embodiments, there can be more than one encapsulate layers (120) of varying thickness. The table clearly depicts that the light transparency of the vehicle glazing is varied in various zones (Zone A or Zone B or Zone C or Zone D) depending on functionality and applicability requirements. Alto A4 or B1 to B4 or Cl to C4 or D1 to D4 are the various combination of the printed electronic stack (150) which can be utilized based on functionality requirements. It has to be also noted there can be any variety of combination for the compositions of the zones (Zone A or Zone B or Zone C or Zone D) as per requirement. Specifically, the transparency of the zones (Zone A or Zone B or Zone C or Zone D) varies such that: light transparency in Zone A ranges from at least 70% to a maximum of 95%, light transparency in Zone B ranges from at least 50% to a maximum of 70%, light transparency in Zone C ranges from at least 0% to a maximum of 50% and light transparency in Zone D ranges from at least 50% to a maximum of 95%. Thus in the present invention, the transparency of the vehicle glazing (1000) is altered as per functionality and are made both transparent as well as non-transparent. Hence, this, in furtherance to ensuring smooth visibility, also provides an asthetic appearance.

FIG 4 illustrates the transmittance of visible light in various composition of encapsulate layer in accordance with the present invention. The graph provided is a depiction of the fact that changing the % weight of ZnO for the composition of encapsulate layer (120) in addition to polydimethylsiloxane as the base of application, visible light transparency for the range of wavelength 300nm to 900nm changes. This feature allows the user to make optimal choice in applicability cases depending on conductivity and transparency needs.

Table 2

In furtherance with the graph in FIG 4, Table 2 depicts the exact figures of the visible light transparency with the changing % composition of metal oxide (ZnO) in the encapsulate layer (120). This variation lets the user decide the type and composition of the protective layer which is the encapsulate layer (120) in various zones (Zone A or Zone B or Zone C or Zone D) of the vehicle glazing (1000).

The conductive layers (160) fabricated with multiple materials of varied sheet resistance. The sheet resistance in the present invention ranges from 0.1 to 35 W/sq depending on application. Depending on the performance of conductive layers (160), they are prone for corrosion during long exposure to atmosphere. Such consequence is prevented by the encapsulate layer (120). FIG 5 of the present invention depicts the addition of varying % weight of metal oxide to the polymer in the encapsulate layer (120) improves the corrosion resistance when exposed to external atmosphere. The before exposure and subsequent after exposure results stand nearly the same with add-on metal oxides, which again can be varied in their weight % and used as per different functionality requirements. The herein mentioned conclusions are drawn based on Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Studies which proves addition of Zinc Oxide improves the overall anti-corrosion property of the complete electronic stack (150). The composites so mentioned in Table 2 are printed with varying thickness based on the embodiments to be encapsulated which further depends on functionality. In some embodiments, the encapsulate layer (120) may be thick where the conductive layers (160) has mandatory sensors integrated in it as well as in areas where soldering is required. Whereas, in some other embodiments, wherein it is a less sensitive environment, the thickness of the encapsulate layer (120) may be less. In general, the thickness of the encapsulate layer ranges from a minimum of lOOmicron to a maximum of 1mm.

Table 3 The Table 3 above depicts the fact that with the thickness of encapsulate layer (120) ranging from lOOmicron - 1mm, wherein the achievable performance with respect to the thickness was with contact angle ranging from 118.9±1.3° to 115±0.6°.

The FIG 6 further depicts the functionality of conductive layers in association with various encapsulate composition. Further, the graph in the figure depicts simulation results to understand the operational performance of the conductive layers (160) for different composition of encapsulate layer (120) along with varied thickness of encapsulate layer (120). Inference from the simulation depicts that the operational bandwidth of the conductive layers (160) remain same for conductive layers (160) with the coating of encapsulate layer (120). Moreover, conductive layers (160), as above mentioned, shall be aerodynamic and not deteriorate the design, be robust and finally also cost efficient.

Some of the advantages of the present invention are:

• The printed electronic stack has an encapsulate layer which acts as a protective mechanism for the conductive layers printed on di-electric layer when exposed to external atmospheric conditions.

• Changing the composition of the ink for the conductive layers and the encapsulate layer maintains the optimum light transparency required in various zones of the vehicle glazing.

• The printing of the conductive layers is done in a non-complicated process which also suits automotive application.

• Maintaining the zone based transparency allows optimum light transmission in the required zones and thus ensures a safe drive and a smooth ride.

• The printed electronic stack doesn’t result in increased thickness of the vehicle glazing and also the weight of the glass substrate of the vehicle glazing, thereby keeps the vehicle performance intact.

• The printed technology cannot be removed, replaced or hacked which turns out to be beneficial for wide scale industrial application.

• The encapsulate layer cab be placed on any of the zones (Zone A or Zone B or Zone C or Zone D) based on transparency requirement and this thereafter also eliminates the radio frequency interference with the metal body of the vehicle. List of reference numerals appearing in the accompanying drawings and the corresponding features:

100: First Glass Substrate 110: Second Glass Substrate 120: Encapsulate

130: Di-Electric Layer 140: Interlayer 150: Electronic Stack 160: Conductive Layers 170: Face one of First Glass Substrate

175: Face two of First Glass Substrate 180: Face one of Second Glass Substrate 185: Face two of Second Glass Substrate 1000: Vehicle Glazing A: Zone A B: Zone B C: Zone C D: Zone D

Claims

CLAIMS We claim:

1. A printed electronic stack (150) embedded in a vehicle glazing (1000), comprising: an encapsulate layer (120), a di-electric layer (130), and a plurality of conductive layers (160) printed on the di-electric layer (130), wherein, the printed electronic stack (150) has a light transparency of at least 5% to a maximum value of 95%.

2. The printed electronic stack (150) embedded in a vehicle glazing (1000) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plurality of conductive layers (160) are configured to function as an antenna, optionally comprising sensor.

3. The printed electronic stack (150) embedded in a vehicle glazing (1000) as claimed in claim 2, wherein the plurality of conductive layers (160) has radiative functionality which range from a minimum frequency of 80 KHz to a maximum frequency of 5 GHz.

4. The printed electronic stack (150) embedded in a vehicle glazing (1000) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the encapsulate layer (120) is placed at least on one side of the di electric layer (130) having the conductive layers (160).

5. The printed electronic stack (150) embedded in a vehicle glazing (1000) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the encapsulate layer (120) has thickness ranging from a minimum of 100 micron to a maximum of 1 mm based on functional requirements.

6. The printed electronic stack (150) embedded in a vehicle glazing (1000) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the conductive layers (160) are printed on the glass substrate (100 or 110), either in face one (170) or face two (175) of the first glass substrate (100) or face three (180) or face four (185) of second glass substrate (110).

7. The printed electronic stack (150) embedded in a vehicle glazing (1000) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the conductive layers (160) are printed on an interlayer (140) having a surface treated polymer composition.

8. The printed electronic stack (150) embedded in a vehicle glazing (1000) as claimed in claim 7, wherein the interlayer (140) is composed of Polyvinyl butyral or Ethylene- vinyl acetate and is ozone treated to improve printing adhesion.

9. The printed electronic stack (150) embedded in a vehicle glazing (1000) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the conductive layers (160) are printed with an ink of variable metal composition and the encapsulate layer (120) is made of a mixture of varied polymer and metal oxide composition depending on functionality and positioning requirement in the vehicle glazing (1000).

10. The printed electronic stack (150) embedded in a vehicle glazing (1000) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vehicle glazing (1000) is a windshield and/or in sidelite and/or in backlite and/or in quarterlite.

11. The printed electronic stack (150) embedded in vehicle glazing (1000) as claimed in claim 10, wherein the windshield is divided into three zones (A, B and C) and the sidelite has one zone (D).

12. The printed electronic stack (150) embedded in vehicle glazing (1000) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ink for printing the conductive layers (160) is Silver Nano-wire or Silver Nano-Particle (1 pass or multiple passes) and the encapsulate layer (120) is a combination of the polymer, the polymer being polydimethylsiloxane and the metal oxide being at least of 0.5% weight of Zinc Oxide or Titanium Oxide to a maximum of 5% of Zinc Oxide or Titanium Oxide to be used in the zones (Zone A or Zone B or Zone C or Zone D) of the vehicle glazing (1000).

13. A vehicle glazing (1000) comprising the printed electronic stack (150) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vehicle glazing (1000) has variable light transparency ranging from at least 5% to a maximum of 95% based on application requirement.

14. The vehicle glazing (1000) comprising the printed electronic stack (150) as claimed in claim 13, wherein the light transparency in Zone A ranges from at least 70% to a maximum of 95%.

15. The vehicle glazing (1000) comprising the printed electronic stack (150) as claimed in claim 13, wherein the light transparency in Zone B ranges from at least 50% to a maximum of 70%.

16. The vehicle glazing (1000) comprising the printed electronic stack (150) as claimed in claim 13, wherein the light transparency in Zone C ranges from at least 0% to a maximum of 50%.

17. The vehicle glazing (1000) comprising the printed electronic stack (150) as claimed in claim 13, wherein the light transparency in Zone D ranges from at least 50% to a maximum of 95%.

18. A method of printing conductive layers (160) in the di-electric layer (130) in a vehicle glazing (1000) as in claim 1, wherein the method is screen printing or extrusion printing or roll printing or inkjet printing or spin coating or dip coating.

19. The method of printing conductive layers (160) in the di-electric layer (130) in a vehicle glazing as in claim 18, wherein the glass substrate (100 or 110) or the interlayer (140) is cured after printing the conductive layers (160) in the di-electric layer (130) for adhesion.

20. The method of printing conductive layers (160) in the di-electric layer (130) in a vehicle glazing (1000) as in claim 18, wherein the vehicle glazing (1000) comprises tempered glasses.

21. The method of printing conductive layers (160) in the di-electric layer (130) in a vehicle glazing (1000) as in claim 18, wherein the vehicle glazing (1000) comprises non- laminated glasses.