WO2022215819A1 - Casting for mold, mold, method for manufacturing casting for mold, and method for manufacturing mold - Google Patents

Casting for mold, mold, method for manufacturing casting for mold, and method for manufacturing mold Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022215819A1
WO2022215819A1 PCT/KR2021/015723 KR2021015723W WO2022215819A1 WO 2022215819 A1 WO2022215819 A1 WO 2022215819A1 KR 2021015723 W KR2021015723 W KR 2021015723W WO 2022215819 A1 WO2022215819 A1 WO 2022215819A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
mold
cooling channel
casting
manufacturing
forming
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/KR2021/015723
Other languages
French (fr)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
박성수
박경수
김용래
강래철
김준헌
Original Assignee
(주)영신특수강
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Application filed by (주)영신특수강 filed Critical (주)영신특수강
Publication of WO2022215819A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022215819A1/en

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22CFOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/22Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22CFOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C11/00Moulding machines characterised by the relative arrangement of the parts of same
    • B22C11/10Moulding machines characterised by the relative arrangement of the parts of same with one or more flasks forming part of the machine, from which only the sand moulds made by compacting are removed
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22CFOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C13/00Moulding machines for making moulds or cores of particular shapes
    • B22C13/10Moulding machines for making moulds or cores of particular shapes for pipes or elongated hollow articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22CFOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C13/00Moulding machines for making moulds or cores of particular shapes
    • B22C13/12Moulding machines for making moulds or cores of particular shapes for cores
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22CFOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/06Permanent moulds for shaped castings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22CFOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/10Cores; Manufacture or installation of cores
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22CFOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/10Cores; Manufacture or installation of cores
    • B22C9/108Installation of cores
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22CFOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/22Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings
    • B22C9/24Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings for hollow articles
    • B22C9/26Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings for hollow articles for ribbed tubes; for radiators
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/12Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
    • B22D11/124Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for cooling
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/16Controlling or regulating processes or operations
    • B22D11/22Controlling or regulating processes or operations for cooling cast stock or mould
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/20Accessories: Details
    • B22D17/22Dies; Die plates; Die supports; Cooling equipment for dies; Accessories for loosening and ejecting castings from dies
    • B22D17/2218Cooling or heating equipment for dies
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/20Accessories: Details
    • B22D17/22Dies; Die plates; Die supports; Cooling equipment for dies; Accessories for loosening and ejecting castings from dies
    • B22D17/24Accessories for locating and holding cores or inserts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C33/00Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C33/38Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the material or the manufacturing process
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C33/00Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C33/42Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the shape of the moulding surface, e.g. ribs or grooves
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/72Heating or cooling
    • B29C45/73Heating or cooling of the mould

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a casting for a mold having a shape-adaptive cooling channel therein, a mold manufactured using the same, a casting for the mold, and a method for manufacturing the mold.
  • a conventional mold is processed into a mold using a square material (for example, a cube, a cuboid or a similar shape) made of forged steel, and in processing a cooling channel for cooling the mold, processing using a gun drill is used do.
  • a square material for example, a cube, a cuboid or a similar shape
  • the mold in which the cooling channel is processed through the gun drilling process has a limitation in the shape of the cooling channel, so the effect of cooling the molded body in the mold is often reduced.
  • the cooling channel made by machining such as a gun drill is formed only in a straight line, it cannot be processed into a so-called 'conformal cooling channel' in which the cooling channel is formed according to the shape of the cavity.
  • the conventional plate material is divided and machined, and then the curved shape adaptive cooling channel is processed through a method of joining them, the brazing method, or the shape adaptive cooling through lamination.
  • a method such as a metal 3D printing method for directly making a mold having a channel inside has been proposed.
  • the brazing method causes a lot of defects in the bonding area, and the metal 3D printing method has a problem in that the material for 3D printing having the properties required for the mold is not developed or is too expensive, so the application field is extremely limited.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a mold having a shape-adaptive cooling channel capable of solving the problems of the prior art, and a method for manufacturing such a mold at low cost.
  • a first aspect of the present invention for solving the above problems includes a body, a cooling channel formed inside the body, and one or more auxiliary channels communicating with the cooling channel and connected to at least one surface of the body, At least one of the auxiliary channels is to provide a casting for a mold made of an arch shape.
  • the casting for a mold according to the present invention has a cooling channel and an auxiliary channel, and since the cooling water is also filled in the auxiliary channel, it is possible to reduce the molding defect and increase the mold life by evening the heat distribution of the entire mold.
  • the arch-shaped auxiliary channel secures the durability of the mold and further reduces the thermal deviation in the mold by forming the interval between the cooling channel and the auxiliary channel or the auxiliary channel and the auxiliary channel to be separated by a certain amount through the arch shape. The efficiency of the mold can be further increased.
  • the cooling channel communicating with the auxiliary channel may be of a shape-adaptive type.
  • the cooling channel formed inside the casting for a mold according to the present invention is formed in a shape-adaptive type along the molding surface formed in the mold, so that the molding time by the mold can be significantly shortened.
  • the auxiliary channel may have a shape including a pillar portion extending from one surface of the body, and a connecting portion connected in a curved shape to communicate with the cooling channel from the pillar portion.
  • the arch-shaped auxiliary channel including the column part and the connecting part can be formed to separate the channel spacing by a certain level or more while increasing the support strength of the cooling channel.
  • At least a portion of the cooling channel or the auxiliary channel may have an elliptical cross-section, and an angle at which the long axis direction of the oval crosses the bottom surface of the mold may be 45° or more.
  • an angle at which the long axis direction of the oval and the bottom surface of the mold intersect may be 60° or more.
  • At least a portion of the cooling channel may have a spiral irregularity formed on the inner surface.
  • the cross section of the cooling channel in which the spiral irregularities are formed may have a shape in which a convex portion and a concave portion intersect each other.
  • the spiral irregularities formed on the inner surface of the cooling channel increase the surface area of the cooling channel to realize excellent cooling efficiency even with a small diameter.
  • the spiral irregularities allow the injected cooling water to form a vortex, thereby suppressing the formation of lime in a portion of the cooling channel where the flow of the cooling water is stagnant, thereby preventing clogging of the cooling channel.
  • a second aspect of the present invention for solving the above problems is to provide a mold in which a molding surface for molding an object on at least one side of the above-described casting for a mold is formed by machining.
  • one end of the auxiliary channel may be formed on a surface other than the molding surface, and the hole formed by the one end may be sealed through a sealing member.
  • the mold may be suitably used for plastic injection, but is not limited thereto, and may be used in a mold for various purposes.
  • a third aspect of the present invention for solving the above problems includes the steps of manufacturing a core for forming a cooling channel by 3D printing, installing the core for forming the cooling channel in a mold, and injecting molten metal into the mold, solidifying; and removing the mold and a core for forming a cooling channel from the solidified casting, wherein the core includes a structure for forming a cooling channel and at least one support for supporting the structure for forming a cooling channel, , at least one of the supports is to provide a method of manufacturing a casting for a mold made of an arch shape.
  • the supporting force for supporting the cooling channel is secured and at the same time, the distance between the complex cooling channel and the auxiliary channel or between the auxiliary channel and the auxiliary channel is separated by a certain level or more, It is possible to smooth the flow of the molten metal during pouring and prevent the cooling channel from being damaged during the pouring process, thereby preventing manufacturing defects of the casting.
  • the auxiliary channel formed in the casting by the arch-shaped support secures the durability of the above-described mold, and at the same time reduces the thermal deviation in the mold, thereby further increasing the efficiency of the mold.
  • the core for forming the cooling channel may further include a base, and one end of the support may be fixed to the base.
  • the arch shape may be a shape including a pillar portion extending from the base and a connecting portion connected in a curved shape to be connected to the structure for forming the cooling channel from the pillar portion.
  • the mold has an upper mold and a lower mold, and the base can be inserted into the upper mold.
  • the mold may include an upper mold and a lower mold separated from each other, and the base of the core for forming the cooling channel may be integrally formed with the upper mold of the mold.
  • the gas generated in a large amount from the base during the casting process can be discharged directly to the outside through the base without passing through the molten metal. It is possible to greatly reduce casting defects due to gas generated by the decomposition of the binder contained in the .
  • At least a portion of the structure or support for forming the cooling channel may have an elliptical cross-section, and an angle at which the long axis direction of the elliptical cross-section and the bottom surface of the mold intersects may be formed to be 45° or more.
  • a helical unevenness may be formed on the surface of a portion of the structure for forming the cooling channel.
  • the helical unevenness may have a cross-section in which a convex portion and a concave portion are connected to each other.
  • Such a spiral shape can more easily form a vortex of the cooling water supplied to the cooling channel, thereby preventing the formation of lime by the cooling water.
  • a fifth aspect of the present invention for solving the above problems is to provide a method of manufacturing a mold for forming a molding surface for molding an object by machining the casting for a mold according to the first aspect.
  • a mold having a shape-adaptive cooling channel formed therein can be manufactured at low cost.
  • a mold having a shape-adaptive cooling channel can be economically manufactured.
  • the mold manufactured by the present invention has a cooling channel and an auxiliary channel communicating with the cooling channel, and since the cooling water is also filled in the auxiliary channel, the heat distribution of the entire mold is even, reducing molding defects and increasing the mold life.
  • the mold according to the present invention is provided with an arch-shaped auxiliary channel.
  • the distance between the cooling channel and the auxiliary channel or between the auxiliary channel and the auxiliary channel is maintained to be more than a predetermined distance to increase the thickness of the mold.
  • the durability of the mold can be ensured, and the thermal deviation within the mold can be reduced, thereby further increasing the mold efficiency.
  • the mold according to an embodiment of the present invention has a spiral unevenness formed on the inner surface of the cooling channel to form a larger surface area compared to the cooling passage formed through conventional drilling, so that excellent cooling efficiency can be realized even with a small diameter. have.
  • a vortex of the cooling water injected by the helical uneven surface it is possible to suppress the formation of lime contained in the cooling water, thereby reducing clogging of the cooling channel.
  • the mold manufacturing method according to the present invention implements the shape-adaptive cooling channel through the casting method, there are fewer defects compared to the conventional brazing method, and there is an advantage in that the mold can be made at a low cost compared to the metal 3D printing method.
  • the types of alloys that can be used are diverse compared to the metal 3D printing method, it is easy to respond to various physical properties required according to the type of mold.
  • the structure for forming the cooling channel is formed to have an elliptical cross-section, and the angle of intersection between the long axis direction of the ellipse and the bottom surface of the mold is 45° or more, and the molten metal is injected
  • the structure for forming the cooling channel is damaged in the process of pouring the molten metal.
  • an elliptical cross section in an area where the space for forming the cooling channel forming structure is insufficient, there is an advantage in that it is possible to prevent damage to the cooling channel forming structure while securing the volume of cooling water per unit area.
  • FIG. 1 is a manufacturing process diagram of a mold according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 schematically shows the manufacturing process of the mold and the casting process in the manufacturing process of the mold according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG 3 is a perspective view of a core coupled to an upper mold constituting a mold in the manufacturing process of the mold according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged view of the center of FIG. 3 .
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a casting for a mold manufactured according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a mold manufactured according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between a mold and a part having an elliptical cross section in a core for manufacturing a mold according to a second embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a core for forming a cooling channel according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a mold manufactured according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a manufacturing process diagram of a mold according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the manufacturing process of a mold according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes manufacturing a core for forming a cooling channel with a 3D printer, manufacturing a mold, and installing the manufactured core in the mold It comprises the steps of: pouring molten metal into the mold to solidify; separating the solidified casting; and machining the separated casting to form a working surface of the mold.
  • the steps of manufacturing the core for forming the cooling channel with the 3D printer and the step of manufacturing the mold are performed in parallel, or after the production of the core is first made, then the mold is manufactured, or conversely, after the mold is first manufactured, the core is made This can be done in the order in which they are manufactured.
  • FIG 2 schematically shows the manufacturing and casting process of the mold 100 in the manufacturing process of the mold according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • an upper die 110 and a lower die 120 having a predetermined shape are manufactured using a mold manufacturing method generally used in sand casting.
  • the process according to the present invention can be performed, so that three or more separate shapes can be produced.
  • the upper and lower molds are manufactured in several separate shapes, the mold disposed on the upper side of the core is called the upper mold, and the mold disposed on the lower side of the core is called the lower mold.
  • the core 130 for forming the shape-adaptive cooling channel is molded using a 3D printer. Molding the core 130 for the cooling channel with a 3D printer is because it is difficult to manufacture a complex three-dimensional shape using a general mold manufacturing method.
  • the core 130 for the cooling channel may be manufactured through various 3D printing methods. For example, it can be manufactured by 3D printing using silica (SiO 2 ) sand having an average particle size of about 140 ⁇ m and furan resin as a binder.
  • Various methods may be used for the 3D printing method used for manufacturing the core 130 for the cooling channel.
  • a binder such as furan resin is sprayed on a bed made of silica sand according to the 2D spray data determined. It is possible to implement a three-dimensional shape in a stacking method.
  • a method of sintering the resin-coated sand with a laser without spraying a binder may be used, or a three-dimensional shape may be implemented using an inorganic binder instead of an organic binder.
  • FIG 3 is a perspective view of a core for a cooling channel coupled to an upper mold constituting a mold.
  • the core 130 for the cooling channel includes a structure 131 for forming a cooling channel, a support 132 for supporting the structure 131 for forming a cooling channel, and the support 132 . and a base 133 for forming and fixing the core 130 to the mold 100 .
  • a portion of the support 132 includes a pillar portion 132a extending in the longitudinal direction, and a connection portion connected in a curved shape toward the cooling channel in the vicinity of an end of the pillar portion 132a. It can be formed into an arcuate shape including 132b.
  • the term 'arch shape' includes a shape having an arc-shaped part, and the pillar part may be formed of one, two, or three or more.
  • the connection portion 132b connected to the structure 131 for forming a cooling channel is formed as one, but it is of course also possible to selectively form two or more.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the pillar portion 132a and the connecting portion 132b may be formed in various shapes such as a circle, an ellipse, a triangle, a polygon such as a square, and a pentagon.
  • the arch-shaped support 132 makes it possible to properly support the cooling channel forming structure 131 even though it has a complex cooling channel shape, and at the same time, the cooling channel forming structure 131 and the support 132 . It is possible to properly maintain the spacing between the supports or the spacing of the supports 132 . Accordingly, the durability of the manufactured mold can be maintained, and the thermal deviation within the mold can be made more uniform, so that the molding efficiency of the mold can be further increased.
  • a flat flat portion 132c may be formed at the inner end of the pillar portion 132a, and this flat portion 132c forms a horizontal portion inside the casting for a mold. , can be used as a reference point for measuring the machining position and depth during machining of a cast mold, and can be used as a reference structure for precise subsequent machining.
  • a button-shaped end portion 132d having a much larger diameter than that of the pillar portion 132a is formed at the outer end of the pillar portion 132a.
  • This button-shaped end forms a diameter different from that of the column on the surface of the casting for a mold, so that when processing on the surface, it can be used as a reference for aligning the processing depth and horizontality. can be used as
  • the mold By inserting the base 133 of the cooling channel core 120 manufactured as described above into the insertion part 111 formed in the upper mold 110 , it is coupled to the upper mold 110 .
  • the mold was manufactured in the shape of inserting the cooling channel core 130 into the upper mold 110, but the upper mold 110 or the lower mold 120 and the cooling channel core 130 were used.
  • the mold 100 After being integrally molded, the mold 100 may be manufactured by assembling it to an opposing mold (upper mold or lower mold).
  • the base 133 of the core 130 for forming a cooling channel by coupling the base 133 of the core 130 for forming a cooling channel to the upper die 110, the gas generated in a large amount from the base during the casting process passes through the molten metal. Since it can be discharged directly to the outside through the expectation, it is possible to greatly reduce casting defects caused by the gas generated by the decomposition of the binder included in the core 130 .
  • the base 133 may have a discharge hole for discharging the air and the generated gas in the mold.
  • the molten alloy is poured.
  • various alloys that can be used in the mold may be used, but preferably, when heat treatment is performed in the cast state or after casting, the physical properties required for the mold (eg, strength, elongation, impact resistance, corrosion resistance, etc.) ), select and use an alloy that can be implemented.
  • a shape-adaptive cooling channel 11 and an auxiliary channel 12 communicating with the mold casting 10 and having one end connected to one surface of the mold casting 10 are formed in the inside of the casting 10 as shown in FIG. .
  • the 'auxiliary channel' means a channel formed in the support 132 .
  • the shape of the support 132 is transferred to form a pillar portion 12a and a connecting portion 12b extending from the pillar portion 12a.
  • a flat area 12aa is formed in the pillar portion 12a so that the position of the inner end of the pillar portion can be measured from the surface of the body.
  • a button-shaped end portion 12ab having a much larger diameter than the diameter of the pillar portion 12a is formed at the outer end of the pillar portion 12a (a portion exposed to the surface of the body to form a hole).
  • a plurality of holes formed by the cooling channel 11 and the auxiliary channel 120 are formed on the surface of the casting 10 for the mold.
  • the end of the hole has a button-shaped end (12ab) having a larger diameter than the diameter of the cooling channel (11) and the auxiliary channel (12) is formed to a predetermined depth (several mm to several hundred mm), so that the step difference in diameter
  • This point can be used as a reference point for surface processing. For example, surface machining (roughing or finishing) can be performed to the point where there is a difference in diameter.
  • the button-shaped end portion 12ab may be utilized as an external reference point for machining.
  • the button-shaped end portion 12ab having a different diameter is formed, but the cross-sectional shape is formed differently such as a triangle, a square, an oval, etc., so that the operator can easily recognize the processing depth. have.
  • a flat area 12aa is formed inside the hole, so that the distance from the surface of the casting for a mold to the flat area 12aa can be accurately measured.
  • the flat area 12aa may be utilized as an internal reference point for machining.
  • the external reference point and the internal reference point as described above for example, check the position and horizontality based on the external reference point and perform cutting. It can be used as a verification method. Of course, machining can also be performed using the external and internal reference points at the same time. With this processing reference structure, it is possible to perform precise post-processing in a short time without damaging the cooling channel embedded inside.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a mold manufactured according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the mold manufactured according to the first embodiment of the present invention is formed with a molding surface (surface on which molding is made in the mold) 13 formed through the above machining on one surface.
  • a shape-adaptive cooling channel 11 is formed inside the mold, and a plurality of auxiliary channels 12 having one end communicating with the cooling channel 11 are formed.
  • the auxiliary channel 12 is exposed as a surface other than the molding surface 13 in the body, and the exposed hole of the auxiliary channel 12 is sealed with a blocking member 14 , and the coolant injected into the cooling channel 11 is exposed. is not leaked through the auxiliary channel (12).
  • all steps are substantially the same as those of the first embodiment.
  • at least a portion of the support 132 for supporting the cooling channel forming structure 131 or the cooling channel forming structure 131 constituting the cooling channel core 130 has an elliptical cross-sectional shape, It is characterized in that the angle of the ellipse has a specific shape.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between a part having an elliptical cross section among cooling channels or supports constituting a core and a mold in a method for manufacturing a mold according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the cross section of the cooling channel forming structure 131 of the cooling channel core 130 has an elliptical shape, and the long axis direction of the ellipse and the bottom surface of the mold (the bottom surface of the lower mold) form It is formed so that the angle ⁇ may be 45° or more (preferably 60° or more, more preferably 70° or more, and most preferably 80° or more).
  • the angle ⁇ between the long axis direction of the ellipse and the bottom surface of the mold is 45° or more, It is possible to reduce the resistance to the flow of the molten metal coming up from the bottom of the mold when pouring the molten metal, so that the structure 131 for forming the cooling channel is thin and can be prevented from being damaged by the resistance of the molten metal during the filling process of the molten metal. have.
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a core for forming a cooling channel according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • a spiral concave-convex portion 131a is formed in a part of the structure 131 for forming a cooling channel.
  • the spiral concave and convex portion 131a is formed of a screw thread portion 131aa and a screw concave portion 131ab, and a cross-section of the screw thread portion 131aa and the screw concave portion 131ab intersects and connects.
  • the spiral concave-convex portion 131a is preferably formed in a portion that requires strong cooling or where the diameter of the cooling channel cannot be increased compared to other portions.
  • the surface shape of such a core is transferred through the casting process, and as shown in FIG. 9 , when the cross section crosses the convex part and the concave part inside the mold 10 manufactured after casting, the cooling channel 12 is formed into a spiral. to form
  • the cooling channel having the spiral concavo-convex portion has an increased cooling area compared to the conventional cooling channel having a smooth surface (cooling channel formed during machining), so that even with the same diameter, a better cooling effect is obtained.
  • the spirally formed cooling channel can increase the speed of the cooling water and prevent the cooling channel from clogging due to lime growing in the portion where the fluid is stagnant in the cooling channel by forming a vortex.

Abstract

The present invention relates to a mold having a conformal cooling channel therein, and a method for manufacturing the mold. The mold according to the present invention includes a body, a cooling channel formed inside the body, and one or more auxiliary channels communicating with the cooling channel and connected to at least one surface of the body, wherein at least one of the auxiliary channels is formed in an arch shape.

Description

금형용 주물, 금형, 금형용 주물의 제조방법 및 금형의 제조방법Mold casting, mold, manufacturing method of mold casting and mold manufacturing method
본 발명은 내부에 형상적응형 냉각채널을 구비하는 금형용 주물과, 이를 이용하여 제조된 금형, 상기 금형용 주물 및 금형의 제조방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a casting for a mold having a shape-adaptive cooling channel therein, a mold manufactured using the same, a casting for the mold, and a method for manufacturing the mold.
종래의 금형은 단조강으로 이루어진 각재(예를 들어, 정육면체, 직육면체 또는 이와 유사한 형상)를 사용하여 금형으로 가공하며, 금형을 냉각시키기 위한 냉각채널을 가공함에 있어서, 통상 건드릴 등을 이용한 가공을 사용한다.A conventional mold is processed into a mold using a square material (for example, a cube, a cuboid or a similar shape) made of forged steel, and in processing a cooling channel for cooling the mold, processing using a gun drill is used do.
그런데 이와 같이 건드릴 가공을 통해 냉각채널을 가공한 금형은 냉각채널의 형상에 제약을 가지고 있어, 금형 내의 성형체를 냉각시키는 효과가 떨어지는 경우가 많다.However, the mold in which the cooling channel is processed through the gun drilling process has a limitation in the shape of the cooling channel, so the effect of cooling the molded body in the mold is often reduced.
특히, 플라스틱 사출성형에서 냉각공정은 전체 사출공정 시간의 약 60%를 점하고 있기 때문에, 사출공정의 생산성에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 공정변수이다. 이러한 플라스틱 사출성형 시 냉각공정을 단축시키기 위해서는 냉각이 가장 늦게 일어나는 부분의 냉각속도를 높이는 것이 중요하다.In particular, in plastic injection molding, since the cooling process occupies about 60% of the total injection process time, it is a process variable that has the greatest influence on the productivity of the injection process. In order to shorten the cooling process in such plastic injection molding, it is important to increase the cooling rate of the part where cooling occurs last.
그런데, 건드릴과 같은 기계가공으로 만들어지는 냉각채널은 직선형으로만 형성되기 때문에, 캐비티의 형상에 맞추어 냉각채널이 형성되는 소위 '형상적응형 냉각채널(conformal cooling channel)'로 가공할 수 없다.However, since the cooling channel made by machining such as a gun drill is formed only in a straight line, it cannot be processed into a so-called 'conformal cooling channel' in which the cooling channel is formed according to the shape of the cavity.
한편, 형상적응형 냉각채널을 가공하기 위하여, 종래 판재를 분할하여 기계 가공을 한 후에 이들을 접합하는 방법을 통해 곡선형의 형상적응형 냉각채널을 가공하는 브레이징법이나, 적층을 통해 형상적응형 냉각채널이 내부에 구비된 금형을 직접 만드는 금속 3D 프린팅법과 같은 방법의 사용이 제안되었다.On the other hand, in order to process the shape adaptive cooling channel, the conventional plate material is divided and machined, and then the curved shape adaptive cooling channel is processed through a method of joining them, the brazing method, or the shape adaptive cooling through lamination. The use of a method such as a metal 3D printing method for directly making a mold having a channel inside has been proposed.
그런데 상기 브레이징법은 접합부위에서 불량이 많이 발생하고, 금속 3D 프린팅법은 금형에 요구되는 물성을 갖는 3D 프린팅용 재료가 개발되어 있지 않거나 지나치게 고가이어서 적용 분야가 극히 제한적인 문제점이 있다.However, the brazing method causes a lot of defects in the bonding area, and the metal 3D printing method has a problem in that the material for 3D printing having the properties required for the mold is not developed or is too expensive, so the application field is extremely limited.
본 발명이 해결하고자 하는 과제는, 전술한 종래기술의 문제점을 해소할 수 있는 형상적응형 냉각채널을 구비하는 금형과, 이러한 금형을 저비용으로 제조하는 방법을 제공하는데 있다.An object of the present invention is to provide a mold having a shape-adaptive cooling channel capable of solving the problems of the prior art, and a method for manufacturing such a mold at low cost.
상기 과제를 해결하기 위한 본 발명의 제 1 측면은, 몸체와, 상기 몸체의 내부에 형성되는 냉각채널과, 상기 냉각채널과 연통하면서 상기 몸체의 적어도 일면과 연결되는 1 이상의 보조채널을 포함하고, 상기 보조채널 중 적어도 하나는 아치 형상으로 이루어져 있는 금형용 주물을 제공하는 것이다.A first aspect of the present invention for solving the above problems includes a body, a cooling channel formed inside the body, and one or more auxiliary channels communicating with the cooling channel and connected to at least one surface of the body, At least one of the auxiliary channels is to provide a casting for a mold made of an arch shape.
본 발명에 따른 금형용 주물은 냉각채널과 보조채널을 구비하고 있고 보조채널 내에도 냉각수가 채워지므로 금형 전체의 열 분포를 고르게 하여 성형 불량 저감 및 금형 수명을 높일 수 있다. 특히 아치 형상의 보조채널은 냉각채널과 보조채널 또는 보조채널과 보조채널 사이의 간격을 아치 형상을 통해 일정 이상 떨어지도록 형성함으로써 금형의 내구성을 확보함과 동시에, 금형 내의 열 편차를 더욱 줄일 수 있어 금형의 효율을 더욱 높일 수 있다.The casting for a mold according to the present invention has a cooling channel and an auxiliary channel, and since the cooling water is also filled in the auxiliary channel, it is possible to reduce the molding defect and increase the mold life by evening the heat distribution of the entire mold. In particular, the arch-shaped auxiliary channel secures the durability of the mold and further reduces the thermal deviation in the mold by forming the interval between the cooling channel and the auxiliary channel or the auxiliary channel and the auxiliary channel to be separated by a certain amount through the arch shape. The efficiency of the mold can be further increased.
제 1 측면에 있어서, 상기 보조채널에 연통되는 냉각채널은 형상적응형으로 이루어져 있을 수 있다.In the first aspect, the cooling channel communicating with the auxiliary channel may be of a shape-adaptive type.
본 발명에 따른 금형용 주물의 내부에 형성된 냉각채널은 금형에 형성되는 성형면을 따라 형상적응형으로 형성되어, 금형에 의한 성형 시간을 현저하게 단축시킬 수 있다.The cooling channel formed inside the casting for a mold according to the present invention is formed in a shape-adaptive type along the molding surface formed in the mold, so that the molding time by the mold can be significantly shortened.
제 1 측면에 있어서, 상기 보조채널은 상기 몸체의 일면으로부터 연장하는 기둥부와, 상기 기둥부로부터 상기 냉각채널과 연통되도록 곡선형으로 연결되는 연결부를 포함하는 형상일 수 있다.In the first aspect, the auxiliary channel may have a shape including a pillar portion extending from one surface of the body, and a connecting portion connected in a curved shape to communicate with the cooling channel from the pillar portion.
상기 기둥부와 연결부를 포함하는 아치 형상의 보조채널은 냉각채널의 지지강도를 높이면서 채널 간이 간격을 일정 이상 떨어지도록 형성할 수 있게 한다.The arch-shaped auxiliary channel including the column part and the connecting part can be formed to separate the channel spacing by a certain level or more while increasing the support strength of the cooling channel.
제 1 측면에 있어서, 상기 냉각채널 또는 보조채널의 적어도 일부는 그 단면이 타원형으로 형성되고, 상기 타원형의 장축 방향과 금형의 저면이 교차하는 각도가 45° 이상일 수 있다.In the first aspect, at least a portion of the cooling channel or the auxiliary channel may have an elliptical cross-section, and an angle at which the long axis direction of the oval crosses the bottom surface of the mold may be 45° or more.
제 1 측면에 있어서, 상기 타원형의 장축 방향과 금형의 저면이 교차하는 각도가 60° 이상일 수 있다.In the first aspect, an angle at which the long axis direction of the oval and the bottom surface of the mold intersect may be 60° or more.
제 1 측면에 있어서, 상기 냉각채널의 적어도 일부분은 내면에 나선형의 요철이 형성되어 있을 수 있다.In the first aspect, at least a portion of the cooling channel may have a spiral irregularity formed on the inner surface.
제 1 측면에 있어서, 상기 나선형의 요철이 형성된 냉각채널의 단면은 볼록부와 오목부가 교차하여 연결된 형상일 수 있다.In the first aspect, the cross section of the cooling channel in which the spiral irregularities are formed may have a shape in which a convex portion and a concave portion intersect each other.
상기 냉각채널의 내면에 형성된 나선형의 요철은 냉각채널의 표면적을 넓게 하여 작은 직경으로도 우수한 냉각효율을 구현할 수 있게 한다. 또한, 나선형의 요철은 주입된 냉각수가 와류를 형성하도록 함으로써, 냉각채널 중 냉각수의 흐름이 정체된 부분에서 석회가 형성되는 것을 억제할 수 있어, 냉각채널의 막힘을 방지하는 기능을 할 수 있다.The spiral irregularities formed on the inner surface of the cooling channel increase the surface area of the cooling channel to realize excellent cooling efficiency even with a small diameter. In addition, the spiral irregularities allow the injected cooling water to form a vortex, thereby suppressing the formation of lime in a portion of the cooling channel where the flow of the cooling water is stagnant, thereby preventing clogging of the cooling channel.
상기 과제를 해결하기 위한 본 발명의 제 2 측면은, 상기한 금형용 주물의 적어도 일측에 물체를 성형하기 위한 성형면이 기계 가공으로 형성된 금형을 제공하는 것이다.A second aspect of the present invention for solving the above problems is to provide a mold in which a molding surface for molding an object on at least one side of the above-described casting for a mold is formed by machining.
제 2 측면에 있어서, 상기 보조채널의 일 단부는 상기 성형면이 아닌 면에 형성되고, 상기 일 단부에 의해 형성된 구멍은 밀봉부재를 통해 밀봉될 수 있다.In the second aspect, one end of the auxiliary channel may be formed on a surface other than the molding surface, and the hole formed by the one end may be sealed through a sealing member.
제 2 측면에 있어서, 상기 금형은 플라스틱 사출용으로 적합하게 사용될 수 있으나, 이에 제한되지 않고 다양한 용도의 금형에도 사용될 수 있다.In the second aspect, the mold may be suitably used for plastic injection, but is not limited thereto, and may be used in a mold for various purposes.
상기 과제를 해결하기 위한 본 발명의 제 3 측면은, 3D 프린팅으로 냉각채널 형성용 중자를 제조하는 단계와, 주형에 상기 냉각채널 형성용 중자를 설치하는 단계와, 상기 주형에 금속 용탕을 주입하고 응고시키는 단계와, 응고된 주물로부터 상기 주형과 냉각채널 형성용 중자를 제거하는 단계를 포함하고, 상기 중자는 냉각채널 형성용 구조와, 상기 냉각채널 형성용 구조를 지지하는 1 이상의 서포트를 포함하고, 상기 서포트 중 적어도 1개는 아치 형상으로 이루어진 금형용 주물의 제조방법을 제공하는 것이다.A third aspect of the present invention for solving the above problems includes the steps of manufacturing a core for forming a cooling channel by 3D printing, installing the core for forming the cooling channel in a mold, and injecting molten metal into the mold, solidifying; and removing the mold and a core for forming a cooling channel from the solidified casting, wherein the core includes a structure for forming a cooling channel and at least one support for supporting the structure for forming a cooling channel, , at least one of the supports is to provide a method of manufacturing a casting for a mold made of an arch shape.
상기 금형용 주물의 제조방법에서는 아치 형상으로 이루어진 서포트를 사용함으로써, 냉각채널을 지지하는 지지력을 확보함과 동시에 복잡한 냉각채널과 보조채널 사이 또는 보조채널과 보조채널 사이의 간격을 일정 이상 떨어지도록 하여, 주탕 시 용탕의 흐름을 원활하게 하고, 냉각채널이 주탕 과정에 파손되는 것을 방지할 수 있어, 주물의 제조 불량을 방지할 수 있다. 뿐만 아니라, 아치 형상의 서포트에 의해 주물 내에 형성되는 보조채널은 상술한 금형의 내구성을 확보함과 동시에, 금형 내의 열 편차를 줄여 금형의 효율을 더욱 높일 수 있다.In the manufacturing method of the casting for a mold, by using an arch-shaped support, the supporting force for supporting the cooling channel is secured and at the same time, the distance between the complex cooling channel and the auxiliary channel or between the auxiliary channel and the auxiliary channel is separated by a certain level or more, It is possible to smooth the flow of the molten metal during pouring and prevent the cooling channel from being damaged during the pouring process, thereby preventing manufacturing defects of the casting. In addition, the auxiliary channel formed in the casting by the arch-shaped support secures the durability of the above-described mold, and at the same time reduces the thermal deviation in the mold, thereby further increasing the efficiency of the mold.
제 3 측면에 있어서, 상기 냉각채널 형성용 중자는 추가로 베이스를 포함하고, 상기 서포트의 일단은 상기 베이스에 고정될 수 있다.In the third aspect, the core for forming the cooling channel may further include a base, and one end of the support may be fixed to the base.
이러한 베이스를 사용함으로써, 보다 견고한 냉각채널 형성용 중자를 형성할 수 있다.By using such a base, it is possible to form a more robust core for forming a cooling channel.
제 3 측면에 있어서, 상기 아치 형상은 상기 베이스로부터 연장하는 기둥부와, 상기 기둥부로부터 상기 냉각채널 형성용 구조와 연결되도록 곡선형으로 연결되는 연결부를 포함하는 형상일 수 있다.In the third aspect, the arch shape may be a shape including a pillar portion extending from the base and a connecting portion connected in a curved shape to be connected to the structure for forming the cooling channel from the pillar portion.
제 3 측면에 있어서, 상기 주형은 상형과 하형을 구비하고, 상기 베이스는 상기 상형에 삽입될 수 있다.In the third aspect, the mold has an upper mold and a lower mold, and the base can be inserted into the upper mold.
제 3 측면에 있어서, 상기 주형은 서로 분리된 상형과 하형을 포함하고, 상기 냉각채널 형성용 중자의 베이스는 상기 주형의 상형과 일체로 형성될 수 있다.In the third aspect, the mold may include an upper mold and a lower mold separated from each other, and the base of the core for forming the cooling channel may be integrally formed with the upper mold of the mold.
베이스를 주형의 상부에 결합하거나 베이스 자체가 주형의 상부가 되도록 형성할 경우, 주조 과정에서 베이스에서 다량으로 발생하는 가스가 용탕을 통과하지 않고 베이스를 통해 곧바로 외부로 배출될 수 있도록 되어 있어, 중자에 포함된 바인더의 분해에 의해 발생하는 가스에 의한 주조 불량을 크게 줄일 수 있다.When the base is combined with the upper part of the mold or the base itself is formed to become the upper part of the mold, the gas generated in a large amount from the base during the casting process can be discharged directly to the outside through the base without passing through the molten metal. It is possible to greatly reduce casting defects due to gas generated by the decomposition of the binder contained in the .
제 3 측면에 있어서, 상기 냉각채널 형성용 구조 또는 서포트 중 적어도 일부는 타원형 단면으로 이루어지고 상기 타원형 단면의 장축 방향과 상기 주형의 저면이 교차하는 각도가 45°이상이 되도록 형성되어 있을 수 있다.In the third aspect, at least a portion of the structure or support for forming the cooling channel may have an elliptical cross-section, and an angle at which the long axis direction of the elliptical cross-section and the bottom surface of the mold intersects may be formed to be 45° or more.
제 3 측면에 있어서, 상기 냉각채널 형성용 구조 중 일부분의 표면에는 나선형의 요철이 형성되어 있을 수 있다.In the third aspect, a helical unevenness may be formed on the surface of a portion of the structure for forming the cooling channel.
제 3 측면에 있어서, 상기 나선형의 요철은 그 단면이 볼록부와 오목부가 교차하여 연결된 형상일 수 있다.In the third aspect, the helical unevenness may have a cross-section in which a convex portion and a concave portion are connected to each other.
이러한 나선형 형상은 냉각채널에 공급되는 냉각수의 와류를 더 쉽게 형성하여 냉각수에 의한 석회 생성을 방지할 수 있다.Such a spiral shape can more easily form a vortex of the cooling water supplied to the cooling channel, thereby preventing the formation of lime by the cooling water.
상기 과제를 해결하기 위한 본 발명의 제 5 측면은, 제 1 측면에 따른 금형용 주물을 기계 가공하여 물체를 성형하기 위한 성형면을 형성하는 금형의 제조방법을 제공하는 것이다.A fifth aspect of the present invention for solving the above problems is to provide a method of manufacturing a mold for forming a molding surface for molding an object by machining the casting for a mold according to the first aspect.
이 방법에 의하면, 내부에 형상적응형 냉각채널이 형성된 금형을 저비용으로 제조할 수 있다.According to this method, a mold having a shape-adaptive cooling channel formed therein can be manufactured at low cost.
본 발명에 의하면 형상적응형 냉각채널을 구비하는 금형을 경제적으로 제조할 수 있다.According to the present invention, a mold having a shape-adaptive cooling channel can be economically manufactured.
또한, 본 발명에 의해 제조된 금형은 냉각채널과 함께 냉각채널과 연통되는 보조채널을 구비하고 있고, 보조채널 내에도 냉각수가 채워지므로 금형 전체의 열 분포를 고르게 하여 성형 불량 저감 및 금형 수명을 높일 수 있다.In addition, the mold manufactured by the present invention has a cooling channel and an auxiliary channel communicating with the cooling channel, and since the cooling water is also filled in the auxiliary channel, the heat distribution of the entire mold is even, reducing molding defects and increasing the mold life. can
또한, 본 발명에 따른 금형은 아치 형상의 보조채널을 구비하고 있는데, 아치 형상의 구조를 통해, 냉각채널과 보조채널 사이 또는 보조채널과 보조채널 사이의 간격을 소정 간격 이상이 되도록 유지하여 금형의 내구성을 확보함과 동시에, 금형 내의 열 편차를 줄일 수 있어 금형의 효율을 더욱 높일 수 있다.In addition, the mold according to the present invention is provided with an arch-shaped auxiliary channel. Through the arch-shaped structure, the distance between the cooling channel and the auxiliary channel or between the auxiliary channel and the auxiliary channel is maintained to be more than a predetermined distance to increase the thickness of the mold. At the same time, the durability of the mold can be ensured, and the thermal deviation within the mold can be reduced, thereby further increasing the mold efficiency.
또한, 본 발명의 일 실시형태에 따른 금형은, 냉각채널의 내면에 나선형 요철이 형성되어 있어 기존의 드릴 가공을 통해 형성된 냉각유로에 비해 넓은 표면적을 형성하여 작은 직경으로도 우수한 냉각효율을 구현할 수 있다. 또한, 나선형 요철 표면에 의해 주입된 냉각수가 와류를 형성함으로써, 냉각수에 포함된 석회 생성을 억제할 수 있어, 냉각채널의 막힘을 줄일 수 있다.In addition, the mold according to an embodiment of the present invention has a spiral unevenness formed on the inner surface of the cooling channel to form a larger surface area compared to the cooling passage formed through conventional drilling, so that excellent cooling efficiency can be realized even with a small diameter. have. In addition, by forming a vortex of the cooling water injected by the helical uneven surface, it is possible to suppress the formation of lime contained in the cooling water, thereby reducing clogging of the cooling channel.
본 발명에 따른 금형의 제조 방법은 형상적응형 냉각채널을 주조 방법을 통해 구현하기 때문에 종래의 브레이징법에 비해 불량이 적고, 금속 3D 프린팅법에 비해 저비용으로 금형을 만들 수 있는 이점이 있다. 또한, 금속 3D 프린팅법에 비해 사용할 수 있는 합금의 종류가 다양하므로, 금형의 종류에 따라 요구되는 다양한 물성에 대응하기가 용이하다.Since the mold manufacturing method according to the present invention implements the shape-adaptive cooling channel through the casting method, there are fewer defects compared to the conventional brazing method, and there is an advantage in that the mold can be made at a low cost compared to the metal 3D printing method. In addition, since the types of alloys that can be used are diverse compared to the metal 3D printing method, it is easy to respond to various physical properties required according to the type of mold.
본 발명의 일 실시형태에 따른 금형의 제조방법에서는 냉각채널 형성용 구조를 타원형 단면을 가지도록 하고, 타원의 장축 방향과 주형의 저면이 교차하는 각도가 45°이상이 되도록 형성하여, 용탕을 주입하였을 때 용탕의 저항을 적게 받도록 함으로써, 용탕의 주입과정에 냉각채널 형성용 구조의 파손이 발생하는 것을 방지한다. 특히, 냉각채널 형성용 구조를 형성하는 공간이 충분하지 않은 영역에서 타원형 단면으로 형성함으로써 단위 면적당 냉각수의 부피를 확보하면서 냉각채널 형성용 구조의 파손을 막을 수 있는 이점이 있다.In the method for manufacturing a mold according to an embodiment of the present invention, the structure for forming the cooling channel is formed to have an elliptical cross-section, and the angle of intersection between the long axis direction of the ellipse and the bottom surface of the mold is 45° or more, and the molten metal is injected By reducing the resistance of the molten metal, it is prevented that the structure for forming the cooling channel is damaged in the process of pouring the molten metal. In particular, by forming an elliptical cross section in an area where the space for forming the cooling channel forming structure is insufficient, there is an advantage in that it is possible to prevent damage to the cooling channel forming structure while securing the volume of cooling water per unit area.
본 발명의 일 실시형태에 따른 금형의 제조방법에 의하면, 종래의 기계가공법으로는 구현할 수 없었던 나선형 요철 표면을 갖는 냉각유로를 효율적으로 제조할 수 있다.According to the method for manufacturing a mold according to an embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to efficiently manufacture a cooling flow path having a helical uneven surface, which cannot be realized by a conventional machining method.
도 1은 본 발명의 제 1 실시형태에 따른 금형의 제조 공정도이다.1 is a manufacturing process diagram of a mold according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
도 2는 본 발명의 제 1 실시형태에 따른 금형의 제조 공정 중에서 주형의 제작과 주조 공정을 개략적으로 나타낸 것이다.Fig. 2 schematically shows the manufacturing process of the mold and the casting process in the manufacturing process of the mold according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
도 3은 본 발명의 제 1 실시형태에 따른 금형의 제조 공정에서 주형을 구성하는 상형에 결합된 중자의 사시도이다.3 is a perspective view of a core coupled to an upper mold constituting a mold in the manufacturing process of the mold according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
도 4는 도 3의 중자의 부분 확대도이다.FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged view of the center of FIG. 3 .
도 5는 본 발명의 제 1 실시형태에 따라 제조된 금형용 주물의 단면도이다.5 is a cross-sectional view of a casting for a mold manufactured according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
도 6은 본 발명의 제 1 실시형태에 따라 제조된 금형의 단면도이다.6 is a cross-sectional view of a mold manufactured according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
도 7은 본 발명의 제 2 실시형태에 따른 금형을 제조하기 위한 중자 중에서 타원형 단면을 가지는 부분과 주형과의 관계를 나타내는 개략도이다.Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between a mold and a part having an elliptical cross section in a core for manufacturing a mold according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
도 8은 본 발명의 제 3 실시형태에 따른 냉각채널을 형성하기 위한 중자의 사시도이다.8 is a perspective view of a core for forming a cooling channel according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
도 9는 본 발명의 제 3 실시형태에 따라 제조된 금형의 단면도이다.9 is a cross-sectional view of a mold manufactured according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
이하, 첨부한 도면을 참조하여 본원이 속하는 기술 분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자가 용이하게 실시할 수 있도록 본원의 실시예를 상세히 설명한다. 그러나 본원은 여러 가지 상이한 형태로 구현될 수 있으며 여기에서 설명하는 실시예에 한정되지 않는다. Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, embodiments of the present application will be described in detail so that those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present application pertains can easily carry out. However, the present application may be implemented in several different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein.
그리고 도면에서 본원을 명확하게 설명하기 위해서 설명과 관계없는 부분은 생략하였으며, 명세서 전체를 통하여 유사한 부분에 대해서는 유사한 도면 부호를 붙였다.And in order to clearly explain the present application in the drawings, parts irrelevant to the description are omitted, and similar reference numerals are attached to similar parts throughout the specification.
본원 명세서 전체에서, 어떤 부분이 어떤 구성 요소를 "포함"한다고 할 때, 이는 특별히 반대되는 기재가 없는 한 다른 구성 요소를 제외하는 것이 아니라 다른 구성 요소를 더 포함할 수 있는 것을 의미한다.Throughout this specification, when a part "includes" a component, it means that other components may be further included, rather than excluding other components, unless otherwise stated.
[제 1 실시형태][First Embodiment]
도 1은 본 발명의 제 1 실시형태에 따른 금형의 제조 공정도이다.1 is a manufacturing process diagram of a mold according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
도 1에 나타낸 것과 같이, 본 발명의 제 1 실시형태에 따른 금형의 제조공정은, 3D 프린터로 냉각채널 형성용 중자를 제작하는 단계와, 주형을 제작하는 단계와, 제작된 중자를 주형에 설치하는 단계와, 상기 주형에 금속 용탕을 주입하여 응고시키는 단계와, 응고된 주물을 분리하는 단계와, 분리된 주물을 기계가공하여 금형의 가공면을 형성하는 단계를 포함하여 이루어진다.As shown in FIG. 1 , the manufacturing process of a mold according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes manufacturing a core for forming a cooling channel with a 3D printer, manufacturing a mold, and installing the manufactured core in the mold It comprises the steps of: pouring molten metal into the mold to solidify; separating the solidified casting; and machining the separated casting to form a working surface of the mold.
주형 제작mold making
상기 공정에 있어서, 3D 프린터로 냉각채널 형성용 중자를 제작하는 단계와 주형을 제작하는 단계는 병행하여 이루어지거나, 중자의 제작이 먼저 이루어진 후 주형이 제작되거나, 반대로 주형이 먼저 제작된 후 중자가 제작되는 순서로 행해질 수 있다.In the above process, the steps of manufacturing the core for forming the cooling channel with the 3D printer and the step of manufacturing the mold are performed in parallel, or after the production of the core is first made, then the mold is manufactured, or conversely, after the mold is first manufactured, the core is made This can be done in the order in which they are manufactured.
도 2는 본 발명의 제 1 실시형태에 따른 금형의 제조 공정에 있어서, 주형(100)의 제작과 주조 공정을 개략적으로 나타낸 것이다.2 schematically shows the manufacturing and casting process of the mold 100 in the manufacturing process of the mold according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
도 2에 도시된 것과 같이, 먼저 소정의 형상을 가지는 상형(110)과 하형(120)을 사형 주조법에서 일반적으로 사용되는 주형 제조법을 사용하여 제작한다. As shown in FIG. 2 , first, an upper die 110 and a lower die 120 having a predetermined shape are manufactured using a mold manufacturing method generally used in sand casting.
상기 상형(110)과 하형(120)은 2개로 분리된 구조가 아니더라도, 냉각채널 형성용 중자를 삽입할 수 있는 형상이라면, 본 발명에 따른 공정 수행이 가능하므로 3개 이상 분리된 형상으로 제작될 수도 있다. 여러 개로 분리된 형상으로 상형과 하형을 제작할 경우, 중자의 상측에 배치된 주형을 상형이라고 하고, 중자의 하측에 배치된 주형을 하형이라고 한다.Even if the upper mold 110 and the lower mold 120 are not separated into two structures, if they have a shape in which a core for forming a cooling channel can be inserted, the process according to the present invention can be performed, so that three or more separate shapes can be produced. may be When the upper and lower molds are manufactured in several separate shapes, the mold disposed on the upper side of the core is called the upper mold, and the mold disposed on the lower side of the core is called the lower mold.
상기 상형(110)과 하형(120)을 일반적인 사형 주조법에서 사용하는 주형 제조법을 사용하는 것은 경제적이기 때문이며, 3D 프린터를 통해 상형(110)과 하형(120)을 제작하는 것을 배제하는 것은 아니다.This is because it is economical to use a mold manufacturing method using the upper mold 110 and the lower mold 120 in a general sand casting method, and manufacturing the upper mold 110 and the lower mold 120 through a 3D printer is not excluded.
이어서, 3D 프린터를 사용하여 형상적응형 냉각채널을 형성하기 위한 중자(130)를 성형한다. 냉각채널용 중자(130)를 3D 프린터로 성형하는 것은 복잡한 3차원 형상을 일반적인 주형 제작방법으로 제조하기 어렵기 때문이다.Then, the core 130 for forming the shape-adaptive cooling channel is molded using a 3D printer. Molding the core 130 for the cooling channel with a 3D printer is because it is difficult to manufacture a complex three-dimensional shape using a general mold manufacturing method.
상기 냉각채널용 중자(130)는 다양항 3D 프린팅 방법을 통해 제작될 수 있다. 예를 들어 평균입도 약 140㎛의 실리카(SiO2) 샌드(Silica sand)와 결합제인 푸란 수지(Furan resin)를 이용하여 3D 프린팅으로 제작할 수 있다. 냉각채널용 중자(130)의 제작에 사용되는 3D 프린팅 방법은 다양한 방법이 사용될 수 있으며, 예를 들어 실리카 샌드로 이루어진 베드(bed)에 푸란 수지와 같은 결합제를 정해진 2D 분사 데이터에 따라 결합제를 분사하여 적층하는 방식으로 3차원 형상을 구현할 수 있다. 또한, 결합제를 분사하지 않고 레진이 코팅된 샌드를 레이저로 소결하는 방식을 사용하거나, 유기 바인더가 아닌 무기 바인더를 사용하여 3차원 형상을 구현할 수도 있다.The core 130 for the cooling channel may be manufactured through various 3D printing methods. For example, it can be manufactured by 3D printing using silica (SiO 2 ) sand having an average particle size of about 140 μm and furan resin as a binder. Various methods may be used for the 3D printing method used for manufacturing the core 130 for the cooling channel. For example, a binder such as furan resin is sprayed on a bed made of silica sand according to the 2D spray data determined. It is possible to implement a three-dimensional shape in a stacking method. In addition, a method of sintering the resin-coated sand with a laser without spraying a binder may be used, or a three-dimensional shape may be implemented using an inorganic binder instead of an organic binder.
도 3은 주형을 구성하는 상형에 결합된 냉각채널용 중자의 사시도이다.3 is a perspective view of a core for a cooling channel coupled to an upper mold constituting a mold.
도 3에 도시된 것과 같이, 냉각채널용 중자(130)는 냉각채널 형성용 구조(131)와, 상기 냉각채널 형성용 구조(131)을 지지하기 위한 서포트(132)와, 상기 서포트(132)를 형성하고 중자(130)를 주형(100)에 고정하기 위한 베이스(133)를 포함하여 이루어진다.As shown in FIG. 3 , the core 130 for the cooling channel includes a structure 131 for forming a cooling channel, a support 132 for supporting the structure 131 for forming a cooling channel, and the support 132 . and a base 133 for forming and fixing the core 130 to the mold 100 .
도 4에 도시된 것과 같이, 상기 서포트(132)의 일부는 길이 방향으로 연장하는 기둥부(132a)와, 상기 기둥부(132a)의 단부의 근방에서 상기 냉각채널을 향해 곡선형으로 연결되는 연결부(132b)를 포함하는 아치 형상으로 형성될 수있다.As shown in FIG. 4 , a portion of the support 132 includes a pillar portion 132a extending in the longitudinal direction, and a connection portion connected in a curved shape toward the cooling channel in the vicinity of an end of the pillar portion 132a. It can be formed into an arcuate shape including 132b.
본 발명에 있어서 '아치 형상'이란 아크 형상부를 구비하는 형상을 포함하는 것으로, 상기 기둥부가 1개이거나, 2개이거나, 3개 이상으로 형성될 수도 있다. 또한, 본 발명의 실시예에서는 냉각채널 형성용 구조(131)와 연결되는 연결부(132b)는 하나로 형성하였으나, 선택적으로 2개 이상으로 형성할 수도 있음은 물론이다.In the present invention, the term 'arch shape' includes a shape having an arc-shaped part, and the pillar part may be formed of one, two, or three or more. In addition, in the embodiment of the present invention, the connection portion 132b connected to the structure 131 for forming a cooling channel is formed as one, but it is of course also possible to selectively form two or more.
또한, 상기 기둥부(132a)와 연결부(132b)의 단면 형상은 원형, 타원형, 삼각형, 사각형, 오각형과 같은 다각형 등 다양한 형상으로 형성될 수 있다.In addition, the cross-sectional shape of the pillar portion 132a and the connecting portion 132b may be formed in various shapes such as a circle, an ellipse, a triangle, a polygon such as a square, and a pentagon.
상기 아치 형상의 서포트(132)는 복잡한 냉각채널 형상으로 이루어지더라도 냉각채널 형성용 구조(131)를 적절하게 지지할 수 있도록 하게 함과 동시에, 냉각채널 형성용 구조(131)와 서포트(132) 사이의 간격 또는 서포트(132)들의 간격을 적절하게 유지할 수 있도록 한다. 이에 따라, 제조된 금형의 내구성이 유지됨과 동시에 금형 내의 열 편차를 보다 균일하게 할 수 있어 금형의 성형 효율을 더 높일 수 있다.The arch-shaped support 132 makes it possible to properly support the cooling channel forming structure 131 even though it has a complex cooling channel shape, and at the same time, the cooling channel forming structure 131 and the support 132 . It is possible to properly maintain the spacing between the supports or the spacing of the supports 132 . Accordingly, the durability of the manufactured mold can be maintained, and the thermal deviation within the mold can be made more uniform, so that the molding efficiency of the mold can be further increased.
또한, 상기 기둥부(132a)의 내측 단부에는 도 4에 도시된 것과 같이, 편평한 편평부(132c)가 형성될 수 있는데, 이러한 편평부(132c)는 금형용 주물의 내부에 수평한 부분을 형성하여, 주조된 금형의 기계가공 시에 가공 위치 및 깊이를 측정하기 위한 기준점으로 활용될 수 있어, 후속 기계가공을 정밀하게 하는 기준 구조로 활용될 수 있다.In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, a flat flat portion 132c may be formed at the inner end of the pillar portion 132a, and this flat portion 132c forms a horizontal portion inside the casting for a mold. , can be used as a reference point for measuring the machining position and depth during machining of a cast mold, and can be used as a reference structure for precise subsequent machining.
또한, 상기 기둥부(132a)의 외측 단부에는 기둥부(132a)의 직경에 비해 훨씬큰 직경으로 이루어진 단추 형상의 단부(132d)가 형성되어 있다. 이러한 단추 형상의 단부는 금형용 주물의 표면에 기둥부와는 다른 직경을 형성하여, 표면에서 가공할 때, 가공 깊이와 수평도를 맞추는 기준으로 활용될 수 있어, 후속 기계가공을 정밀하게 하는 기준 구조로 활용될 수 있다.In addition, a button-shaped end portion 132d having a much larger diameter than that of the pillar portion 132a is formed at the outer end of the pillar portion 132a. This button-shaped end forms a diameter different from that of the column on the surface of the casting for a mold, so that when processing on the surface, it can be used as a reference for aligning the processing depth and horizontality. can be used as
이상과 같이 제작된 냉각채널용 중자(120)의 베이스(133)를 상기 상형(110)에 형성된 삽입부(111)에 삽입함으로써 상형(110)과 결합된다. 본 발명의 제 1 실시형태에서는 상형(110)의 내부에 냉각채널용 중자(130)를 삽입하는 형상으로 주형을 제조하였으나, 상형(110) 또는 하형(120)과 냉각채널용 중자(130)을 일체로 성형한 후, 대향하는 주형(상형 또는 하형)에 조립하는 방법으로 주형(100)을 제조할 수도 있다.By inserting the base 133 of the cooling channel core 120 manufactured as described above into the insertion part 111 formed in the upper mold 110 , it is coupled to the upper mold 110 . In the first embodiment of the present invention, the mold was manufactured in the shape of inserting the cooling channel core 130 into the upper mold 110, but the upper mold 110 or the lower mold 120 and the cooling channel core 130 were used. After being integrally molded, the mold 100 may be manufactured by assembling it to an opposing mold (upper mold or lower mold).
본 발명의 제 1 실시형태에 따른 금형의 제조방법에서는 냉각채널 형성용 중자(130)의 베이스(133)를 상형(110)에 결합시킴으로써, 주조 과정에서 기대에서 다량으로 발생하는 가스가 용탕을 통과하지 않고 기대를 통해 곧바로 외부로 배출될 수 있도록 되어 있어, 중자(130)에 포함된 바인더의 분해에 의해 발생하는 가스에 의한 주조 불량을 크게 줄일 수 있다. 또한, 도시하지는 않았지만, 상기 베이스(133)에는 주형 내의 공기, 발생한 가스를 배출할 수 있는 배출공이 형성될 수 있다.In the manufacturing method of the mold according to the first embodiment of the present invention, by coupling the base 133 of the core 130 for forming a cooling channel to the upper die 110, the gas generated in a large amount from the base during the casting process passes through the molten metal. Since it can be discharged directly to the outside through the expectation, it is possible to greatly reduce casting defects caused by the gas generated by the decomposition of the binder included in the core 130 . In addition, although not shown, the base 133 may have a discharge hole for discharging the air and the generated gas in the mold.
금형용 주물 제작Casting for molds
이상과 같은 과정을 통해 완성된 주형(100)의 내부에, 도 2에 도시된 것과 같이, 합금 용탕을 주탕한다. 합금 용탕으로는 금형에 사용될 수 있는 다양한 합금이 사용될 수 있으나, 바람직하게는 주조된 상태 또는 주조 후 열처리를 수행하였을 때, 금형으로 요구되는 물성(예를 들어, 강도, 연신율, 내충격성, 내식성 등)이 구현될 수 있는 합금을 선정하여 사용한다.In the inside of the mold 100 completed through the above process, as shown in FIG. 2, the molten alloy is poured. As the alloy molten metal, various alloys that can be used in the mold may be used, but preferably, when heat treatment is performed in the cast state or after casting, the physical properties required for the mold (eg, strength, elongation, impact resistance, corrosion resistance, etc.) ), select and use an alloy that can be implemented.
합금 용탕이 응고된 후 냉각채널용 중자(130)를 포함하여 상형(110)과 하형(120)을 제거하면, 도 5에 도시된 것과 같은 단면 구조를 가지는 금형용 주물(10)이 만들어진다.After the molten alloy is solidified, when the upper die 110 and the lower die 120 are removed including the core 130 for the cooling channel, a casting 10 for a mold having a cross-sectional structure as shown in FIG. 5 is made.
도 5에 도시된 것과 같이, 금형용 주물(10)의 내부에는 형상적응형 냉각채널(11)과 이와 연통되고 일 단부가 금형용 주물(10)의 일면에 연결되는 보조채널(12)이 형성되어 있다.As shown in FIG. 5 , a shape-adaptive cooling channel 11 and an auxiliary channel 12 communicating with the mold casting 10 and having one end connected to one surface of the mold casting 10 are formed in the inside of the casting 10 as shown in FIG. .
본 발명에 있어서, '보조채널'이란 상기 서포트(132)에 형성된 채널을 의미한다.In the present invention, the 'auxiliary channel' means a channel formed in the support 132 .
상기 보조채널(12)은 상기 서포트(132)의 형상이 전사되어 기둥부(12a)와 기둥부(12a)로부터 연장하는 연결부(12b)가 형성되어 있다. 상기 기둥부(12a)에는 편평한 영역(12aa)가 형성되어 있어 몸체의 표면으로부터 기둥부의 내측 단부의 위치를 측정할 수 있도록 되어 있다.In the auxiliary channel 12, the shape of the support 132 is transferred to form a pillar portion 12a and a connecting portion 12b extending from the pillar portion 12a. A flat area 12aa is formed in the pillar portion 12a so that the position of the inner end of the pillar portion can be measured from the surface of the body.
또한, 상기 기둥부(12a)의 외측 단부(몸체의 표면에 노출되어 구멍을 형성하는 부분)에는 기둥부(12a)의 직경에 비해 훨씬 큰 직경을 가지는 단추 형상의 단부(12ab)가 형성되어 있다.In addition, a button-shaped end portion 12ab having a much larger diameter than the diameter of the pillar portion 12a is formed at the outer end of the pillar portion 12a (a portion exposed to the surface of the body to form a hole). .
한편, 도시하지는 않았으나, 아치형이 아닌 직선형으로 이루어진 보조채널과 냉각채널이 연결되는 부위에 냉각채널의 내측에 편평한 영역이 형성되어 있을 경우, 외부에 노출된 보조채널의 구멍으로부터 냉각채널까지의 거리를 정확하게 측정할 수 있으므로, 상기 기둥부(12a)에는 편평한 영역(12aa)으로 충분하지 않은 경우, 보조채널과 냉각채널이 연결되는 부위에 내부 기준점으로 사용될 있는 편평한 영역을 형성할 수도 있다.On the other hand, although not shown, when a flat area is formed inside the cooling channel at the portion where the auxiliary channel and the cooling channel are connected, the distance from the hole of the auxiliary channel exposed to the outside to the cooling channel is measured. Since it can be accurately measured, if the flat area 12aa is not sufficient in the pillar part 12a, a flat area that can be used as an internal reference point may be formed at a portion where the auxiliary channel and the cooling channel are connected.
금형용 주물의 기계 가공Machining of castings for molds
이러한 주물의 표면은 거칠기 때문에 그대로 금형으로 사용되기 어려우므로, 금형을 체결하기 위한 체결면과 금형의 성형면(즉, 캐비티) 등을 기계가공하는 공정을 수행하여 금형을 제작한다.Since the surface of such a casting is rough and difficult to be used as a mold as it is, a process of machining the fastening surface for fastening the mold and the molding surface (ie, the cavity) of the mold is performed to manufacture the mold.
상술한 바와 같이, 금형용 주물(10)의 표면에는 냉각채널(11)과 보조채널(120)에 의해 형성된 다수의 구멍이 형성되어 있다.As described above, a plurality of holes formed by the cooling channel 11 and the auxiliary channel 120 are formed on the surface of the casting 10 for the mold.
그리고 상기 구멍의 단부는 냉각채널(11)과 보조채널(12)의 직경에 비해 큰 직경을 가지는 단추 형상의 단부(12ab)가 소정 깊이(수mm ~ 수백 mm)로 형성되어 있어 직경에 단차가 있는 지점이 표면 가공의 기준점으로 사용될 수 있다. 예를 들어 직경의 단차가 있는 지점까지 표면 가공(황삭 또는 정삭 가공)을 수행할 수 있다. 이에 따라, 단추 형상의 단부(12ab)는 기계 가공의 외부 기준점으로 활용될 수 있다.And the end of the hole has a button-shaped end (12ab) having a larger diameter than the diameter of the cooling channel (11) and the auxiliary channel (12) is formed to a predetermined depth (several mm to several hundred mm), so that the step difference in diameter This point can be used as a reference point for surface processing. For example, surface machining (roughing or finishing) can be performed to the point where there is a difference in diameter. Accordingly, the button-shaped end portion 12ab may be utilized as an external reference point for machining.
본 발명의 제 1 실시형태에서는 직경이 상이한 단추 형상의 단부(12ab)를 형성하였으나, 단면의 형상이 삼각형, 사각형, 타원형 등으로 다르게 형성되도록 하여, 작업자가 가공 깊이를 쉽게 인지할 수 있도록 할 수도 있다.In the first embodiment of the present invention, the button-shaped end portion 12ab having a different diameter is formed, but the cross-sectional shape is formed differently such as a triangle, a square, an oval, etc., so that the operator can easily recognize the processing depth. have.
또한, 상기 구멍의 내측에는 편평한 영역(12aa)이 형성되어 있어, 금형용 주물의 표면으로부터 편평한 영역(12aa) 까지의 거리를 정확하게 측정할 수 있다. 상기 편평한 영역(12aa)은 기계 가공의 내부 기준점으로 활용될 수 있다.Further, a flat area 12aa is formed inside the hole, so that the distance from the surface of the casting for a mold to the flat area 12aa can be accurately measured. The flat area 12aa may be utilized as an internal reference point for machining.
이상과 같은 외부 기준점과 내부 기준점은, 예를 들어 외부 기준점을 기준으로 위치와 수평을 확인하고 절삭가공을 수행하고, 외부 기준점으로 위치와 수평 확인이 충분하지 않거나 더 정밀한 가공이 필요한 경우 내부 기준점을 확인하는 방식으로 활용될 수 있다. 물론 외부 기준점과 내부 기준점을 동시에 사용하여 기계 가공을 수행할 수도 있다. 이러한 가공기준 구조에 의해 내부에 매립된 냉각채널에 손상을 입히지 않고도 정밀한 후가공을 단시간에 수행할 수 있게 된다.The external reference point and the internal reference point as described above, for example, check the position and horizontality based on the external reference point and perform cutting. It can be used as a verification method. Of course, machining can also be performed using the external and internal reference points at the same time. With this processing reference structure, it is possible to perform precise post-processing in a short time without damaging the cooling channel embedded inside.
기계가공이 완료된 후에는 냉각수 주입에 사용되지 않는 상기 금형의 몸체의 표면에 노출되는 보조채널(13)들의 구멍을 막음부재를 통해 막음으로써, 금형 제작이 완료된다.After the machining is completed, by blocking the holes of the auxiliary channels 13 exposed on the surface of the body of the mold that are not used for injection of cooling water through the blocking member, the mold manufacturing is completed.
도 6은 본 발명의 제 1 실시형태에 따라 제조된 금형의 단면도이다.6 is a cross-sectional view of a mold manufactured according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
도 6에 도시된 것과 같이, 본 발명의 제 1 실시형태에 따라 제조된 금형은 일면에 상기 기계가공을 통해 형성되는 성형면(금형에서 성형이 이루어지는 면)(13)이 형성되어 있다. 또한, 금형의 내부에는 형상적응형 냉각채널(11)이 형성되어 있고, 냉각채널(11)과 일단이 연통하는 보조채널(12)이 다수 형성되어 있다.As shown in Fig. 6, the mold manufactured according to the first embodiment of the present invention is formed with a molding surface (surface on which molding is made in the mold) 13 formed through the above machining on one surface. In addition, a shape-adaptive cooling channel 11 is formed inside the mold, and a plurality of auxiliary channels 12 having one end communicating with the cooling channel 11 are formed.
상기 보조채널(12)은 몸체 중에서 성형면(13)이 아닌 면으로 노출되어 있으며, 노출된 보조채널(12)의 구멍은 막음부재(14)로 밀봉되어, 냉각채널(11)에 주입된 냉각수가 보조채널(12)을 통해 누출되지 않도록 되어 있다.The auxiliary channel 12 is exposed as a surface other than the molding surface 13 in the body, and the exposed hole of the auxiliary channel 12 is sealed with a blocking member 14 , and the coolant injected into the cooling channel 11 is exposed. is not leaked through the auxiliary channel (12).
[제2 실시형태][Second embodiment]
본 발명의 제 2 실시형태에 따른 금형의 제조방법은, 제 1 실시형태와 모든 공정이 실질적으로 동일하다. 다만, 냉각채널용 중자(130)를 구성하는 냉각채널 형성용 구조(131) 또는 냉각채널 형성용 구조(131)을 지지하기 위한 서포트(132) 중의 적어도 일부가의 단면 형상이 타원형으로 이루어져 있으며, 상기 타원의 각도가 특정한 형태로 이루어진 점에 특징이 있다.In the method for manufacturing a mold according to the second embodiment of the present invention, all steps are substantially the same as those of the first embodiment. However, at least a portion of the support 132 for supporting the cooling channel forming structure 131 or the cooling channel forming structure 131 constituting the cooling channel core 130 has an elliptical cross-sectional shape, It is characterized in that the angle of the ellipse has a specific shape.
도 7은 본 발명의 제 2 실시형태에 따른 금형의 제조방법에 있어서, 중자를 구성하는 냉각채널 또는 서포트 중에서 타원형 단면을 가지는 부분과 주형과의 관계를 나타내는 개략도이다.7 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between a part having an elliptical cross section among cooling channels or supports constituting a core and a mold in a method for manufacturing a mold according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
도 7에 도시된 것과 같이, 냉각채널용 중자(130)의 냉각채널 형성용 구조(131)의 단면은 타원형으로 이루어져 있고, 상기 타원의 장축방향과 주형의 바닥면(하형의 바닥면)이 이루는 각도(θ)가 45°이상(바람직하게는 60°이상, 보다 바람직하게는 70°이상, 가장 바람직하게는 80°이상)이 되도록 형성되어 있다.As shown in FIG. 7 , the cross section of the cooling channel forming structure 131 of the cooling channel core 130 has an elliptical shape, and the long axis direction of the ellipse and the bottom surface of the mold (the bottom surface of the lower mold) form It is formed so that the angle θ may be 45° or more (preferably 60° or more, more preferably 70° or more, and most preferably 80° or more).
본 발명의 제 2 실시형태와 같이, 냉각채널 형성용 구조(131)의 단면이 타원으로 이루어지면서 타원의 장축방향과 주형의 바닥면이 이루는 각도(θ)가 45°이상이 되도록 형성될 경우, 용탕 주입 시에 주형의 바닥면에서부터 차 올라오는 용탕의 흐름에 대한 저항을 줄일 수 있게 되어, 냉각채널 형성용 구조(131)가 얇아 용탕의 충진 과정에 용탕의 저항에 의해 파손되는 것을 방지할 수 있다.As in the second embodiment of the present invention, when the cross section of the structure 131 for forming a cooling channel is formed in an ellipse, the angle θ between the long axis direction of the ellipse and the bottom surface of the mold is 45° or more, It is possible to reduce the resistance to the flow of the molten metal coming up from the bottom of the mold when pouring the molten metal, so that the structure 131 for forming the cooling channel is thin and can be prevented from being damaged by the resistance of the molten metal during the filling process of the molten metal. have.
[제3 실시형태][Third embodiment]
본 발명의 제 3 실시형태에 따른 금형의 제조방법은, 제 1 실시형태와 모든 공정이 실질적으로 동일하다. 다만, 냉각채널용 중자를 구성하는 냉각채널 형성용 구조의 적어도 일부의 표면에 나선형 요철부가 형성되어 있는 점에 특징이 있다.In the method for manufacturing a mold according to the third embodiment of the present invention, all steps are substantially the same as those of the first embodiment. However, it is characterized in that a spiral concavo-convex portion is formed on the surface of at least a part of the structure for forming the cooling channel constituting the core for the cooling channel.
도 8은 본 발명의 제 3 실시형태에 따른 냉각채널을 형성하기 위한 중자의 사시도이다.8 is a perspective view of a core for forming a cooling channel according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
도 8에 도시된 것과 같이, 냉각채널 형성용 구조(131)의 일부에 나선형 요철부(131a)가 형성되어 있다. 상기 나선형 요철부(131a)는 나사산부(131aa)와 나사오목부(131ab)로 형성되어 있고, 그 단면은 나사산부(131aa)와 나사오목부(131ab)가 교차하여 연결된 형태를 이룬다.As shown in FIG. 8 , a spiral concave-convex portion 131a is formed in a part of the structure 131 for forming a cooling channel. The spiral concave and convex portion 131a is formed of a screw thread portion 131aa and a screw concave portion 131ab, and a cross-section of the screw thread portion 131aa and the screw concave portion 131ab intersects and connects.
상기 나선형 요철부(131a)는 냉각이 강하게 필요한 부분이나 냉각채널의 직경을 다른 부분에 비해 크게 할 수 없는 부분에 형성하는 것이 바람직하다. 이러한 중자의 표면 형상은 주조 과정을 통해 전사되어, 도 9에 도시된 것과 같이, 주조후 제조되는 금형(10)의 내부에 그 단면이 볼록부와 오목부가 교차하면 나선형으로 이루어진 냉각채널(12)을 형성한다.The spiral concave-convex portion 131a is preferably formed in a portion that requires strong cooling or where the diameter of the cooling channel cannot be increased compared to other portions. The surface shape of such a core is transferred through the casting process, and as shown in FIG. 9 , when the cross section crosses the convex part and the concave part inside the mold 10 manufactured after casting, the cooling channel 12 is formed into a spiral. to form
본 발명의 제 3 실시형태에 따라 나선형 요철부가 형성된 냉각채널은, 종래 표면이 매끄러운 형상의 냉각채널(기계가공 시 형성되는 냉각채널)에 비해 냉각 면적이 증가되어 동일한 직경으로도 더 우수한 냉각 효과를 얻을 수 있다. 특히, 나선형으로 형성된 냉각채널은 냉각수의 속도 증가시킬 수 있고, 와류가 형성되도록 하여 냉각채널 내에 유체가 정체되는 부분에서 성장하는 석회로 인해 냉각채널이 막히는 것도 방지할 수 있다.According to the third embodiment of the present invention, the cooling channel having the spiral concavo-convex portion has an increased cooling area compared to the conventional cooling channel having a smooth surface (cooling channel formed during machining), so that even with the same diameter, a better cooling effect is obtained. can be obtained In particular, the spirally formed cooling channel can increase the speed of the cooling water and prevent the cooling channel from clogging due to lime growing in the portion where the fluid is stagnant in the cooling channel by forming a vortex.
[부호의 설명][Explanation of code]
10: 금형용 주물10: casting for mold
10': 금형10': mold
11: 냉각채널11: cooling channel
12: 보조채널12: auxiliary channel
13: 성형면(캐비티)13: molding surface (cavity)
14: 막음부재14: blocking member
100: 주형100: mold
110: 상형110: hieroglyph
120: 하형120: lower type
130: 중자130: middle character
131: 냉각채널 형성용 구조131: structure for forming a cooling channel
132: 서포트132: support
133: 베이스133: base

Claims (18)

  1. 몸체와,body and
    상기 몸체의 내부에 형성되는 냉각채널과,a cooling channel formed inside the body;
    상기 냉각채널과 연통하면서 상기 몸체의 적어도 일면과 연결되는 1 이상의 보조채널을 포함하고,and one or more auxiliary channels connected to at least one surface of the body while communicating with the cooling channel,
    상기 보조채널 중 적어도 하나는 아치 형상으로 이루어져 있는 금형용 주물.At least one of the auxiliary channels is an arch shape for a mold casting.
  2. 제 1 항에 있어서,The method of claim 1,
    상기 보조채널에 연통되는 냉각채널은 형상적응형으로 이루어져 있는 금형용 주물.The cooling channel communicating with the auxiliary channel is a mold casting made of a shape-adaptive type.
  3. 제 1 항에 있어서,The method of claim 1,
    상기 보조채널은 상기 몸체의 일면으로부터 연장하는 기둥부와, The auxiliary channel includes a pillar portion extending from one surface of the body;
    상기 기둥부로부터 상기 냉각채널과 연통되도록 곡선형으로 연결되는 연결부를 포함하는 형상인 금형용 주물.A mold casting having a shape including a connecting portion connected in a curved shape to communicate with the cooling channel from the pillar portion.
  4. 제 1 항에 있어서,The method of claim 1,
    상기 냉각채널 또는 보조채널의 적어도 일부는 그 단면이 타원형으로 형성되고,At least a portion of the cooling channel or the auxiliary channel is formed in an elliptical cross section,
    상기 타원형의 장축 방향과 금형의 저면이 교차하는 각도가 45° 이상인 금형용 주물.An angle of intersection between the long axis direction of the oval and the bottom surface of the mold is 45° or more.
  5. 제 4 항에 있어서,5. The method of claim 4,
    상기 타원형의 장축 방향과 금형의 저면이 교차하는 각도가 60° 이상인 금형용 주물.An angle of intersection between the long axis direction of the oval and the bottom surface of the mold is 60° or more.
  6. 제 1 항에 있어서,The method of claim 1,
    상기 냉각채널의 적어도 일부분은 내면에 나선형의 요철이 형성되어 있는 금형용 주물.At least a portion of the cooling channel is a casting for a mold in which a spiral irregularity is formed on the inner surface.
  7. 제 1 항에 있어서,The method of claim 1,
    상기 나선형의 요철이 형성된 냉각유로의 단면은 볼록부와 오목부가 교차하여 연결된 형상인 금형용 주물.The cross-section of the cooling flow passage in which the spiral irregularities are formed has a shape in which a convex portion and a concave portion are intersected and connected.
  8. 제 1 항 내지 제 7 항 중 어느 한 항에 기재된 금형용 주물의 구조를 가지고, 적어도 일측에 물체를 성형하기 위한 성형면이 기계 가공으로 형성된 금형.A mold having the structure of the casting according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and having a molding surface for molding an object on at least one side formed by machining.
  9. 제 8 항에 있어서,9. The method of claim 8,
    상기 보조채널의 일 단부는 상기 성형면이 아닌 면에 형성되고, 상기 일 단부에 의해 형성된 구멍은 밀봉부재를 통해 밀봉되는 금형.One end of the auxiliary channel is formed on a surface other than the molding surface, and the hole formed by the one end is sealed through a sealing member.
  10. 제 8 항에 있어서,9. The method of claim 8,
    상기 금형은 플라스틱 사출용인 금형.The mold is a mold for plastic injection.
  11. 3D 프린팅으로 냉각채널 형성용 중자를 제조하는 단계와,Manufacturing a core for forming a cooling channel by 3D printing;
    주형에 상기 냉각채널 형성용 중자를 설치하는 단계와,Installing the core for forming the cooling channel in a mold;
    상기 주형에 금속 용탕을 주입하고 응고시키는 단계와,pouring and solidifying the molten metal into the mold;
    응고된 주물로부터 상기 주형과 냉각채널 형성용 중자를 제거하는 단계를 포함하고,removing the mold and the core for forming a cooling channel from the solidified casting;
    상기 중자는 냉각채널 형성용 구조와, 상기 냉각채널 형성용 구조를 지지하는 1 이상의 서포트를 포함하고,The core includes a structure for forming a cooling channel and at least one support supporting the structure for forming a cooling channel,
    상기 서포트 중 적어도 1개는 아치 형상으로 이루어진 금형용 주물의 제조방법.At least one of the supports is a method of manufacturing a casting for a mold made of an arch shape.
  12. 제 11 항에 있어서,12. The method of claim 11,
    상기 냉각채널 형성용 중자는 추가로 베이스를 포함하고,The core for forming the cooling channel further includes a base,
    상기 서포트의 일단은 상기 베이스에 고정되는 금형용 주물의 제조방법.One end of the support is a method of manufacturing a casting for a mold that is fixed to the base.
  13. 제 11 항에 있어서,12. The method of claim 11,
    상기 아치 형상은 상기 베이스로부터 연장하는 기둥부와, The arch shape includes a pillar portion extending from the base,
    상기 기둥부로부터 상기 냉각채널 형성용 구조와 연결되도록 곡선형으로 연결되는 연결부를 포함하는 형상인 금형용 주물의 제조방법.A method of manufacturing a casting for a mold having a shape including a connecting portion connected in a curved shape to be connected to the structure for forming a cooling channel from the pillar portion.
  14. 제 11 항에 있어서,12. The method of claim 11,
    상기 주형은 상형과 하형을 구비하고,The mold has an upper mold and a lower mold,
    상기 베이스는 상기 상형에 삽입되는 금형용 주물의 제조방법.The base is a method of manufacturing a casting for a mold that is inserted into the upper die.
  15. 제 11 항에 있어서,12. The method of claim 11,
    상기 냉각채널 형성용 구조 또는 서포트 중 적어도 일부는 타원형 단면으로 이루어지고 상기 타원형 단면의 장축 방향과 상기 주형의 저면이 교차하는 각도가 45°이상이 되도록 형성되어 있는 금형용 주물의 제조방법.At least a portion of the structure or support for forming the cooling channel has an elliptical cross-section, and the cross-section of the long axis of the elliptical cross-section and the bottom surface of the mold is formed to be 45° or more.
  16. 제 11 항에 있어서,12. The method of claim 11,
    상기 냉각채널 형성용 구조 중 일부분의 표면에는 나선형의 요철이 형성되어 있는 금형용 주물의 제조방법.A method of manufacturing a casting for a mold in which spiral irregularities are formed on the surface of a part of the structure for forming the cooling channel.
  17. 제 16 항에 있어서,17. The method of claim 16,
    상기 나선형의 요철은 그 단면이 볼록부와 오목부가 교차하여 연결된 형상인 금형용 주물의 제조방법.The method of manufacturing a casting for a mold in which the helical irregularities have a cross-section connected to a convex portion and a concave portion intersecting each other.
  18. 제 1 항 내지 제 7 항 중 어느 한 항에 기재된 금형용 주물을 기계 가공하여 물체를 성형하기 위한 성형면을 형성하는 금형의 제조방법.A method for manufacturing a mold, wherein the mold casting according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is machined to form a molding surface for molding an object.
PCT/KR2021/015723 2021-04-07 2021-11-02 Casting for mold, mold, method for manufacturing casting for mold, and method for manufacturing mold WO2022215819A1 (en)

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