WO2022207341A1 - Coupe-circuit pyrotechnique - Google Patents
Coupe-circuit pyrotechnique Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022207341A1 WO2022207341A1 PCT/EP2022/056983 EP2022056983W WO2022207341A1 WO 2022207341 A1 WO2022207341 A1 WO 2022207341A1 EP 2022056983 W EP2022056983 W EP 2022056983W WO 2022207341 A1 WO2022207341 A1 WO 2022207341A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- cut
- conductive
- circuit breaker
- electrical conductor
- cut end
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 14
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H39/00—Switching devices actuated by an explosion produced within the device and initiated by an electric current
- H01H39/006—Opening by severing a conductor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H39/00—Switching devices actuated by an explosion produced within the device and initiated by an electric current
- H01H2039/008—Switching devices actuated by an explosion produced within the device and initiated by an electric current using the switch for a battery cutoff
Definitions
- the present invention generally relates to a pyrotechnic circuit breaker intended to be mounted on a motor vehicle.
- An object of the present invention is to respond to the drawbacks of the prior art mentioned above and in particular, first of all, to provide a compact pyrotechnic circuit breaker which can be used to cut efficiently and rapid an electrical conductor forming part of of an electrical circuit traversed by low, medium or high currents, at low or high voltage, while withstanding the pressure and/or temperature conditions even if electric arcs are inevitably generated when the electrical conductor is cut.
- a first aspect of the invention relates to a pyrotechnic circuit breaker comprising:
- an electrical conductor to be cut arranged to form part of an electrical circuit, and at least partially arranged in the casing so as to pass through the interrupting chamber
- At least one knife movable between a rest position and a final position, and arranged to cut at least a portion of the electrical conductor located in the interrupting chamber, when the knife passes from the rest position to the final position, the cut in the electrical conductor defining a cut zone separating a first cut end of the electrical conductor from a second cut end of the electrical conductor,
- a pyrotechnic actuator arranged to move the knife from the rest position to the final position when it is actuated, - at least one cooling device arranged in the interrupting chamber to cool gases present in the interrupting chamber after the actuation of the pyrotechnic actuator, the circuit breaker having a first arc path allowing a first electric arc to be established directly from the first cut end to the second cut end, characterized in that the cooling device comprises a plurality of conductive coolers arranged in the interrupting chamber so that the circuit breaker presents a secondary arc path allowing secondary electric arcs to be established: - from the first cut end to a first conductive cooler, - from the first conductive cooler to a secondary conductive cooler or to a last conductive cooler, and
- the circuit breaker comprises a plurality of conductive coolers (including the secondary conductive coolers), which makes it possible to generate several secondary electric arcs which can be established between the conductive coolers, which increases on the one hand the total voltage at the terminals of the device and on the other hand the dissipation of energy or its efficiency/speed and thus authorizes a rapid cut-off while limiting an excessive increase in temperature and/or pressure.
- the conductive coolers (including the secondary conductive coolers) are arranged in the interrupting chamber, that is to say that at least a part of each conductive cooler leads to or is arranged in view of the interrupting chamber.
- At least one conductive cooler and preferably at least two conductive coolers has (have) a part directly opposite the electrical conductor to be cut.
- the first electric arc is established from the first cut end to the second cut end during the electrical break of the electrical circuit comprising the electrical conductor to be cut, that is to say during the physical break or mechanics of the electrical conductor, during the separation of the first cut end from the second cut end and when the first cut end moves away from the second cut end, the arc lengthens which increases the voltage at its terminals.
- the secondary electric arcs are established between the first cut end, the conductive coolers (including the secondary conductor coolers), the second end cut during the electrical cut-off of the electrical circuit comprising the electrical conductor to be cut. That is to say that these secondary arcs are established after the physical or mechanical cut of the electrical conductor, once the first cut end is separated from the second cut end when the electrical and/or environmental conditions are more favorable to establishment of secondary arcs than of the first arc(s).
- the secondary electric arcs are established between separate components (at different potentials).
- the secondary electric arcs can be provided to be able to be established in series between the first cut end, the conductive coolers, the second end.
- the secondary electric arcs form a series of secondary electric arcs that connect two cut ends via at least one conductive cooler.
- the knife is arranged to mechanically separate the first cut end from the second cut end. We can consider shearing, but also rupture by elongation, tearing or traction.
- the circuit breaker may comprise a piston which carries the knife and which separates the knife from the pyrotechnic actuator.
- the interrupting chamber is protected from the particles generated by the pyrotechnic actuator, which preserves the insulation resistances after operation and protects the control circuit of the device.
- the conductive coolers can be metallic parts. It is possible to provide porous parts or parts having internal voids. Provision may be made to form the conductive coolers with a metal wire. Provision can be made to compact the metal wire on itself to form the conductive coolers. In other words, each conductive cooler is formed with one or more compacted wire(s). It is also possible to provide a compacted knit, or even porous sintered parts. Such parts easily conduct current with low resistance, and can dissipate energy.
- the conductive coolers can be porous parts and/or with voids and/or with passages and/or with interstices, and/or with a density much lower than that of the metal of which they are formed, and which can be easily traversed by gases, which provides a large exchange surface and an interesting cooling capacity for the gas of the interrupting chamber.
- the gases in the interrupting chamber can be compressed by the displacement of the knife, so that there is displacement of these gases in the coolers, within the free spaces, and this allows an exchange of heat effective for cooling the gases in the interrupting chamber, in other words, the conductive coolers (including the secondary conductive coolers) can be designed to perform convection cooling (exchange of heat between a gas and a solid).
- the conductive coolers may not be solid and/or non-porous parts.
- the conductive coolers can be distinct, and/or separate, and/or insulated from the electrical conductor to be cut.
- the conductive coolers can be housed or arranged in the arc chute independently: they are separate components.
- the conductive coolers can be (before and/or after cutting) electrically insulated from each other and/or from the conductor to be cut. It is for example possible to provide for mounting all or part of the conductive coolers (including the secondary conductive coolers) on a particular location of a casing made of insulating material (plastic for example). It is possible to provide a space or an absence of physical-electrical contact between all or part of the conductive coolers (including the secondary conductive coolers). In other words, and in any case before the triggering of the pyrotechnic actuator, the conductive coolers (including the secondary conductive coolers) can be inactive parts which have no function and/or no interaction with the electrical conductor at to cut.
- the conductive coolers can be arranged at a predetermined distance from the electrical conductor and/or from the first cut end and/or from the second cut end.
- the conductive coolers can be arranged at a predetermined distance from the electrical conductor and/or from the first cut end and/or from the second cut end before, and/or during and/or after the cutting of the electrical conductor.
- Such a predetermined distance guarantees the constant presence of an air-filled space between the conductive coolers and the first cut end and/or the second cut end. The air then forms an insulating medium and no direct contact is provided during operation between the conductive coolers and the electrical conductor and/or the first cut end and/or the second cut end.
- the predetermined distance can be defined so as to constantly guarantee a free space between each of the conductive coolers and the electrical conductor and/or the first cut end and/or the second cut end, and/or said at least one knife, during and after cutting the electrical conductor.
- Such a predetermined distance guarantees the constant presence of an air-filled space between the conductive coolers and the first cut end and/or the second cut end. The air then forms an insulating medium and no direct contact is provided during operation between the conductive coolers and the first cut end and/or the second cut end. Consequently, electric arcs can be established by ionizing the air or the gas contained in the interrupting chamber.
- the conductive coolers (including the secondary conductive coolers) can be arranged in the interrupting chamber so that the secondary electric arcs can be established along the secondary arc path only if before and/or during the cut, the electrical conductor is traversed by an electric current which may have an intensity greater than a threshold intensity and/or if after the cut, a voltage across the terminals of the circuit breaker may be greater than a threshold voltage.
- the distance between the first cut end and the second cut end to establish the first electric arc and the distance between the conductive coolers and the first cut end and/or the second cut end and/or the distances between coolers to establish the secondary electric arcs are taken into account and adjusted to cause the establishment of secondary electric arcs systematically beyond a certain intensity of current before breaking and/or voltage after breaking.
- the first arc path may have a restriction or a reduced passage or a complete obstruction so that the secondary electric arcs can be established along the path.
- secondary arcing only if, during breaking, the electrical conductor is traversed by an electric current which may present an intensity greater than a threshold intensity and/or if after breaking, a voltage at the terminals of the circuit breaker may be greater than a threshold voltage.
- the restriction or the reduced passage or the complete obstruction on the first arc path can cause an increase in resistance or a reduction in the capacity to transmit current by the first electric arc such that the establishment of the secondary electric arcs will be systematic beyond a certain current intensity before breaking and/or voltage after breaking.
- the circuit breaker may comprise a die, the knife in the final position may be resting on or facing the die so as to cut and/or separate the interrupting chamber into at least two chambers secondary, the restriction or reduced passage can be defined between the knife in the final position and the die and the complete obstruction can be defined by a linear and/or surface contact between the die and the knife over the entire width of the electrical conductor.
- the restriction or the reduced passage may be formed by a hole and/or a groove made in the knife and/or the die.
- the restriction or the reduced passage can be delimited by at least one plastic wall intended to be eroded or able to be removed by ablation.
- a plastic wall intended to be eroded or able to be removed by ablation.
- the plastic material which is removed by ablation by the electric arc is vaporized and changes the conductivity of the medium in which the electric arc propagates, which further increases the voltage of the arc. This makes it possible to reach a total arc voltage higher than the supply voltage more quickly.
- the surface of the part made of plastic material can example be sublimated under the action of the high heat flux created by the electric arc.
- the restriction or the passage may have a cross section of less than 0.5 mm 2 and/or a length of between 1 and 5 mm.
- the circuit breaker may comprise a plurality of conductive coolers (including secondary conductive coolers) arranged in the interrupting chamber, so that secondary electric arcs can be established between at least two adjacent conductive coolers.
- the conductive coolers can be arranged to cause the secondary electric arcs to travel from conductive cooler to conductive cooler.
- the conductive coolers (including the secondary conductive coolers) can be distinct and each separated from each other by a predetermined inter-distance.
- two adjacent conductive coolers that can be located on the secondary arc path and separated by a predetermined inter-distance can each be remote from the electrical conductor, and/or of the first cut end and/or of the second cut end by a distance greater than said inter-distance.
- Such an implementation ensures that the secondary arc path includes all conductive coolers.
- the circuit breaker may comprise at least three conductive coolers, (including the secondary conductive coolers) on the secondary arc path, so as to be able to define a first conductive cooler and a last conductive cooler located on the secondary arc path, and the first cooler conductor and the last conductive cooler can each be arranged closer to the electrical conductor, and/or the first cut end and/or the second cut end than the other conductive coolers.
- the two closest conductive coolers will be the first and the last conductive cooler in the chain of conductive coolers which will transmit the secondary electric arcs.
- the secondary arc path includes a first conductive cooler, all other conductive coolers, and a last conductive cooler that is closer to the second cut end than all other conductive coolers.
- a first secondary electric arc is established between the first cut end and the first conductive cooler
- one or more intermediate secondary arcs are established between the succession of other conductive coolers up to the last conductive cooler
- a last arc secondary electrical is established between the last conductive cooler and the second cut end.
- At least two conductive coolers can be separated by an insulating wall, for example made of plastic, the insulating wall possibly comprising a recess or a hole located on the path of secondary arch. The position of the recess or hole ensures that a secondary electric arc can be established between two adjacent coolers.
- the two conductive coolers (including the secondary conductive coolers) that can be separated by the insulating wall can each have two ends, with a first end facing the interrupting chamber and/or the conductor electric, and in which the recess or the hole
- - can be offset from the first end, or
- each conductive cooler can be arranged on the side of the second end of each conductive cooler opposite the first end. Such an implementation ensures that current passes through a significant length of the conductive cooler, improving heat and power dissipation.
- the walls of the interrupting chamber can be covered with plastic material, with the exception of the conductive coolers and/or the electrical conductor.
- provision may be made to have overmolded coolers in the housing (provided that a conductive part protrudes) to guarantee a more regular dimension and facilitate manufacturing on an assembly line.
- the knife can be arranged to detach a portion of the electrical conductor to be cut during movement from the rest position to the final position.
- a free strand or a free portion is cut and then detached from the electrical conductor.
- the first arc path will allow two first electric arcs to occur, one directly between the first cut end and the second cut end of a first cut area, and the other directly between the first cut end and the second cut end of a second cut area.
- the circuit breaker may comprise a plurality of knives, so as to define:
- first cut end of the electrical conductor from a second cut end of the electrical conductor and at least one free section of electrical conductor after the cut, and/or - a first arc path capable of allowing a first electric arc to be established directly from the first cut end to the second cut end of a cut zone and for another first arc to be established directly from the first cut end at the second cut end of another cut area.
- the multiplication of the first electric arcs makes it possible to increase the cutting capacity.
- a succession of cut zones placed in series on the first arc path each have a first electric arc connecting the cut ends: the first electric arcs are in series.
- the circuit breaker may comprise only one secondary arc path passing through at least one and preferably at least two conductive coolers (including the secondary conductive coolers) to allow secondary electric arcs to be established from the first cut end of said one cut zone to the second cut end of said another cut zone.
- the secondary electric arcs are in series along the second arc path.
- the conductive coolers (including the secondary conductive coolers) can be arranged so that the secondary electric arcs can be established at least at least partially simultaneously with the first electric arc.
- the first arc path may be different from the secondary arc path.
- the circuit breaker may comprise two connection terminals, and, during at least part of the breaking of the electrical circuit comprising the electrical conductor, the first arc path and the arc path secondary can form parallel electrical paths between the two connection terminals.
- the first arc path and the secondary arc path can respectively form a first branch and a second branch defined in parallel to each other, between the first cut end and the second cut end.
- - the first branch can include:
- - ionized insulating gas from the interrupting chamber, and/or - the second branch may comprise a series association of at least:
- At least one conductive cooler (including the secondary conductive coolers) can be formed by a metal wire, preferably compacted, and whose diameter is between 0.05 mm and 0.3 mm, and preferably between 0.1 mm and 0.2 mm, terminals included.
- Such yarns have a large specific surface, which facilitates exchanges.
- At least part of the material of a conductive cooler can be provided to be eroded by a secondary electric arc during the breaking of the electric circuit comprising the electrical conductor.
- Such erosion makes it possible to dissipate energy, in particular if a fusion or sublimation of the material occurs with significant stored latent heat.
- the local thermal inertia is low, so that local melting phenomena can occur to dissipate energy.
- the circuit breaker may comprise two connection terminals, and the conductive coolers (including the secondary conductive coolers) can be arranged to limit, during the electrical cut-off of the electrical circuit comprising the electrical conductor to cut, a maximum voltage across the terminals of the circuit breaker to 250% of a voltage across the terminals of the circuit breaker after breaking.
- the conductive coolers can be arranged at a distance of between 0.5 mm and 10 mm from each other.
- the circuit breaker may comprise at least one elongated conductive cooler, (including secondary conductive coolers), and in which the secondary arc path passes through at least a part of the elongated conductive cooler so that has :
- a first secondary arc can be established between:
- a second aspect of the invention relates to a pyrotechnic circuit breaker comprising:
- a bootmaker defining an interrupting chamber, - an electrical conductor to be cut, at least partially arranged in the casing so as to cross the arcing chamber,
- At least one knife movable between a rest position and a final position, and arranged to cut at least a portion of the electrical conductor located in the interrupting chamber, when the knife passes from the rest position to the final position, the cutting of the electrical conductor defining a cut zone separating a first cut end of the electrical conductor from a second cut end of the electrical conductor, - a pyrotechnic actuator, arranged to move the knife from the rest position to the final position during its actuation,
- the circuit breaker having a first arc path allowing a first electric arc to be established directly from the first cut end to the second cut end, characterized in that the cooling device comprises at least one conductive cooler arranged in the interrupting chamber so that the circuit breaker presents a path of secondary arc different from the first arc path and allowing secondary electric arcs to be established between the first cut end, the conductive cooler, and the second cut end.
- the cooling device may comprise a single conductive cooler, which is part of the secondary arc path (several conductive coolers can of course be provided). This allows to offer the first arc path which passes directly from one cut end to the other, and the secondary arc path which passes through at least one conductive cooler to increase the efficiency of heat absorption, with secondary electric arcs arriving or departing directly from the conductive cooler.
- secondary electric arcs can traverse the secondary arc path, before, during or after one or more first electric arcs traverse the first arc path.
- first arc path and the second arc path can define paths or branches or portions of parallel electrical circuits within the circuit breaker.
- the first arc path and the second arc path can define paths or branches or portions of parallel electrical circuits within the circuit breaker, and:
- the first arc path may have one or more zones cut in series, each traversed by a first electric arc established directly between its cut ends (several first electric arcs are established in series), and/or,
- the second arc path may have or comprise one or more conductive coolers with a plurality of secondary electric arcs to connect (via the conductive cooler(s)) one cut end to another cut end of the same cut or uncut area (several secondary electric arcs are established in series).
- the circuit breaker may comprise a plurality of knives, so as to define:
- the electric arcs of the first arc path are established between components different from those on which the arcs of the second arc path are established; except for the first and second ends. Otherwise formulated, none of the arcs of the second path is established on the free section.
- a third aspect of the invention relates to a motor vehicle comprising at least one circuit breaker according to the first aspect of the invention.
- FIG. 1 shows a perspective section of a circuit breaker according to the invention, before cutting an electrical conductor of the circuit breaker;
- fig. 2 shows an upper housing part of the circuit breaker of Figure 1;
- FIG. 3 shows the upper housing part of Figure 2 in bottom view
- FIG. 4 shows a section of the circuit breaker of Figure 1, after cutting the electrical conductor
- FIG. 5 represents a graph with measurement curves taken during a cut-off test of an electric circuit comprising a circuit breaker according to the present invention.
- Figure 1 shows a pyrotechnic circuit breaker comprising:
- - a box 10 formed by an upper shell 10a and a lower shell 10b, and defining an interrupting chamber 15, - an electrical conductor 20,
- At least one cooling device 50 comprising a plurality of conductive coolers 51a, 52, 51b (visible in Figure 2).
- the housing 10 is formed by the upper shell 10a and the lower shell 10b which are mounted one on the other taking the electrical conductor 20 sandwiched.
- peripheral holes are provided in the upper shell 10a and the fixing of the upper shell 10a to the lower shell 10b is ensured by screws or rivets.
- other methods of fixing can be provided with legs, fixing lugs by elastic interlocking, etc.
- the upper shell 10a is provided in one piece in plastic material, for example injected
- the lower shell 10b is formed in this example by a metal carcass 11 and an overmolded skin 12 made of plastic material.
- a metal carcass can be provided for the upper shell 10a, and/or only injected plastic material for the lower shell 10b.
- a polymeric material such as for example polyamide
- a filler or reinforcing material such as glass fibers.
- the electrical conductor 20 supports an overmolded spacer 13 (a polymer such as polyamide for example) and which is received in the upper shell 10a and the lower shell 10b forming the housing 10.
- the central part of the conductor 20 is thinned and crosses breaking chamber 15, delimited at the top by the upper shell 10a and at the bottom by the piston 30.
- the two ends of the electrical conductor 20 include holes, in order to form two connection terminals to connect or integrate the circuit breaker to an electrical circuit, such as for example the power, traction or propulsion circuit of an electric or hybrid vehicle.
- interrupting chamber 15 is delimited at the top by dies 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d of the upper shell 10a and at the bottom by the knives 31a, 31b, 31c of the piston 30. It can be noted that the matrices 14a,
- the dies 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d and the knives 31a, 31b, 31c are respectively arranged on either side of the electrical conductor 20.
- the dies 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d and the knives 31a, 31b, 31c are respectively offset relative to each other to be able to fit together during a movement of the piston 30 by cutting the electrical conductor 20.
- the dies 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d and the knives 31a, 31b, 31c are provided to be able to mechanically cut the electrical conductor by shearing, in particular at the level of three shearing lines arranged between the knife 31a and the die 14b, between the die 14b and the knife 31b, and between the die 14d and the knife 31c.
- the upper shell 10a also comprises a cooling device 50 comprising a plurality of conductive coolers 51a, 52, 51b.
- These conductive coolers 51a, 52, 51b all have, in this embodiment, a lower end which opens out or which is included in the arc chute 15 and have, among other functions, the purpose of cooling the gases in the arc chute which can be heated by electric arcs in order to store and/or diffuse heat and limit increases in the temperature of the case 10.
- the conductive coolers 51a, 52, 51b are metallic and can be formed with a compacted metal wire to give them their final shape.
- the circuit breaker comprises ten conductive coolers 51a, 52, 51b which are arranged to form three rows separated by the matrices 14b and 14c.
- a first conductive cooler 51a, secondary conductive coolers 52, and a last conductive cooler 51b can be distinguished.
- the first conductive cooler 51a and the last conductive cooler 51b protrude more widely from the upper shell 10a (see FIG. 2) and/or emerge deeper into the interrupting chamber 15, to be closer to the electrical conductor 20 as the secondary conductive coolers 52 (see Figure 4).
- no part of the electrical conductor 20 touches or physically contacts, in this embodiment, either of the conductive coolers 51a, 52, 51b, before, during, or after the mechanical cut-off.
- the electrical conductor 20 (or its parts which have been detached during mechanical cutting) is always physically separated from the conductive coolers 51a, 52, 51b, in particular by air, which is an insulating medium. , or which can become conductive if ionized during the formation of an electric arc).
- the piston 30 (shown in Figure 1 in the rest position) is provided to be able to move in the housing 10, and the pyrotechnic actuator 40 is provided in the lower part of the housing 10 for this purpose.
- the pyrotechnic actuator 40 (typically a pyrotechnic electro igniter) is embedded in the lower shell 10b and opens into a combustion chamber 32 formed in the piston 30.
- gases Heat and particles are expelled into the combustion chamber 32 where the pressure increases rapidly, which pushes the piston 30 to leave the rest position of Figure 1 to go to a final position as shown in Figure 4.
- FIG. 4 shows the circuit breaker of Figure 1 with the piston 30 in the final position, and the electrical conductor 20 has been cut and now forms a first and a second recessed portions respectively 21 and 24, a first free section 22 and a second free section 23.
- first free section 22 is trapped between the knife 31a, the knife 31b and the die 14a, so that its position is completely imposed and controlled.
- the second free section 23 has meanwhile been bent by ribs located on the knife 31b and on the knife 31c, and is held in contact with the die 14c by these ribs of the piston 30, so that its position is also completely imposed and controlled.
- a cut zone separates a first cut end 21 c1 of the first recessed portion 21 from a second cut end 22 c1 of the free section 22,
- first cut end and second cut end are arbitrary, because each cut zone separates two cut ends from each other.
- the circuit breaker example here leads to the generation of two free sections 22 and 23, but there can be no free section, a single free section, or more than two free sections.
- the circuit breaker according to the present invention is typically intended to be integrated or used in the electrical circuit of a motor vehicle, and in particular in the electrical traction or propulsion circuit of a vehicle. electric or hybrid car.
- the electrical conductor 20 can be traversed by electric currents in a range from 0 A to 25,000 A or even 30,000 A, and a voltage across the terminals of the circuit after breaking can range from a few tens of volts to several hundreds or thousands of volts.
- the circuit breaker according to the present invention is designed to be able to present different and distinct arc paths during the process of electrical breaking of the electrical circuit in which the circuit breaker is integrated.
- a first arc path allows at least a first arc to be established from the first cut end to the second cut end of the same cut zone.
- a secondary arc path is provided to pass through at least part of the multitude of conductive coolers, 51a, 52, 51b, to allow secondary electric arcs to be established between a conductive cooler and at least one other conductive cooler.
- first electrical arcs can be established directly between the cut ends of the same zone cut to conduct current directly between the cut ends (the primary arc path), and secondary electric arcs can occur through conductive coolers to conduct current indirectly between cut ends (the secondary arc path ).
- the electrical cut remains fast since the first electrical arcs can be established, but the secondary arc path provides a more efficient energy and/or heat dissipation, with secondary electric arcs passing through or through the conductive coolers.
- a secondary electric arc is established between each of the adjacent conductive coolers in pairs, to "bypass" the matrices 14b and 14c.
- the secondary arc path goes up the left row to the last secondary conductive cooler of the row, reference 52fr1, and then passes on the middle row to the first secondary conductive cooler of this row , of reference 52pr2, to go down the middle row to the last secondary conductive cooler of this row 52fr2, and goes to the first secondary conductive cooler of the right row of reference 52pr3, to finally go to the last conductive cooler 51b.
- the first conductive cooler 51a and the last conductive cooler 51b are each closer to the electrical conductor 20 than the other secondary conductive coolers 52, so that this ensures that there is no no electric arc secondary between any part of electrical conductor 20 and one of the other secondary conductor coolers 52.
- the secondary arc path is distinct and different from the first arc path, and provides a parallel electrical path.
- provision may be made to establish the secondary electric arcs from a certain moment, and/or from a certain intensity/voltage couple of the current which travels the electric circuit at to cut.
- the conditions for establishing secondary arcs on the secondary arc path will be about as favorable as those of the first arc path, and secondary electric arcs can be established simultaneously with the first electric arcs; - from a second given displacement of the piston (for example from of a certain distance between two cut ends of the same cut zone), the conditions for establishing secondary arcs on the secondary arc path will be more favorable than those of the first arc path, and only electric arcs secondary arcs may be established when the first electric arc(s) are extinguished.
- Figure 5 shows a graph with measurement curves taken during a cutting test of an electrical circuit comprising the circuit breaker of Figure 1 with the electrical conductor 20 through which the electric current.
- the electric current has an intensity Icc of 2000 A, a voltage Vbatt of 835 V, and the electric circuit has an impedance of 14 mH.
- the Icc curve represents the total intensity of the current which crosses the circuit breaker (before breaking, the intensity is 2000 A, after breaking, the intensity is of 0 A).
- the curve Vbatt represents the voltage, constant, at the terminals of the current generator of the electrical circuit comprising the circuit breaker. In this example, the voltage is 835 V.
- the curve Maf represents the firing current, in amperes, applied to the pyrotechnic actuator 40.
- the curve Vcc represents the voltage measured at the terminals of the circuit breaker.
- the curve Ire represents the measurement of the intensity of the electric current between two adjacent secondary conductive coolers 52 . In other words, Ire represents the intensity of the current that travels through the secondary arc path.
- the pyrotechnic actuator is fired at 1.45 ms, and the electrical circuit (the resistive bridge of the electro pyrotechnic igniter) is cut at around 1.6 ms, the pyrotechnic actuator is then generating hot gases and particles in the combustion chamber 32 to cause the movement of the piston 30.
- the voltage Vcc at the terminals of the circuit breaker begins to increase, which indicates that the electrical conductor 20 is broken and the first electric arcs traverse the first arc path.
- the total intensity Isc of the current flowing through the circuit breaker begins to drop. However, the intensity Ire of the electric current between two adjacent secondary conductive coolers 52 is zero, which indicates that the electric current only passes through the first arc path.
- the intensity Ire of the electric current between two adjacent secondary conductive coolers 52 begins to increase, which indicates that secondary electric arcs have established themselves along the secondary arc path. It can be seen that the slope of the voltage Vcc bends approximately at this instant by 2.0 ms. At this instant, electric current passes through the first arc path, and also through the secondary arc path.
- the intensity Ire of the electric current between two adjacent secondary conductive coolers 52 becomes equal or substantially equal to the total intensity Isc of the current which passes through the circuit breaker and which continues to decrease.
- all current flowing through the circuit breaker is through the secondary arc path.
- the rise slope of the voltage Vcc at the terminals of the circuit breaker shows inflections, while continuing to increase.
- the circuit breaker has a first arc path and a secondary arc path which are different and which form two portions or two parallel circuit branches within the circuit breaker,
- the first arc path and the secondary arc path are simultaneously traversed by electric current (both branches are conductive),
- the first arc path comprises one or more cut zones, with first electric arcs which can be established directly between the two cut ends of each cut zone, while the secondary arc path can allow a cut end of one cut area to be connected to a cut end of another cut area [0099]
- the parameters listed below can be configured to adapt the times when the first and/or the secondary arc path will be traversed by electric current during the breaking process, depending on the intensity and voltage imposed by the current generator of the electrical circuit:
- a circuit breaker according to the present invention, and its manufacture, are susceptible of industrial application.
- the first arc path comprises one or more cut zones, with first electric arcs which can be established directly between the two ends of each cut region, while the secondary arc path can be used to connect a cut end of one cut region to a cut end of another cut region (or the same cut region).
Landscapes
- Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
- Breakers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202280020937.8A CN116982132A (zh) | 2021-03-29 | 2022-03-17 | 烟火式断路器 |
EP22715626.2A EP4315382A1 (fr) | 2021-03-29 | 2022-03-17 | Coupe-circuit pyrotechnique |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR2103176A FR3121268B1 (fr) | 2021-03-29 | 2021-03-29 | Coupe-circuit pyrotechnique |
FRFR2103176 | 2021-03-29 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2022207341A1 true WO2022207341A1 (fr) | 2022-10-06 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/EP2022/056983 WO2022207341A1 (fr) | 2021-03-29 | 2022-03-17 | Coupe-circuit pyrotechnique |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP4315382A1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN116982132A (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3121268B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2022207341A1 (fr) |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102009009398A1 (de) * | 2009-02-18 | 2010-08-19 | Auto-Kabel Management Gmbh | Verpolschutzeinrichtung |
WO2014048913A1 (fr) | 2012-09-25 | 2014-04-03 | Tyco Electronics Amp Gmbh | Commutateur de fermeture en cas de court-circuit |
DE102017011631A1 (de) * | 2017-12-15 | 2019-06-19 | Panasonic Industrial Devices Europe Gmbh | Vorrichtung zum Unterbrechen eines elektrischen Stromkreises |
WO2020099546A1 (fr) | 2018-11-16 | 2020-05-22 | Autoliv Development Ab | Dispositif pyrotechnique avec boitier rivete |
US20200194202A1 (en) | 2018-12-12 | 2020-06-18 | Key Safety Systems, Inc. | Electric fuse box or junction box assembly with a high voltage electric line cutter device |
-
2021
- 2021-03-29 FR FR2103176A patent/FR3121268B1/fr active Active
-
2022
- 2022-03-17 WO PCT/EP2022/056983 patent/WO2022207341A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2022-03-17 CN CN202280020937.8A patent/CN116982132A/zh active Pending
- 2022-03-17 EP EP22715626.2A patent/EP4315382A1/fr active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102009009398A1 (de) * | 2009-02-18 | 2010-08-19 | Auto-Kabel Management Gmbh | Verpolschutzeinrichtung |
WO2014048913A1 (fr) | 2012-09-25 | 2014-04-03 | Tyco Electronics Amp Gmbh | Commutateur de fermeture en cas de court-circuit |
DE102017011631A1 (de) * | 2017-12-15 | 2019-06-19 | Panasonic Industrial Devices Europe Gmbh | Vorrichtung zum Unterbrechen eines elektrischen Stromkreises |
WO2020099546A1 (fr) | 2018-11-16 | 2020-05-22 | Autoliv Development Ab | Dispositif pyrotechnique avec boitier rivete |
US20200194202A1 (en) | 2018-12-12 | 2020-06-18 | Key Safety Systems, Inc. | Electric fuse box or junction box assembly with a high voltage electric line cutter device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN116982132A (zh) | 2023-10-31 |
EP4315382A1 (fr) | 2024-02-07 |
FR3121268A1 (fr) | 2022-09-30 |
FR3121268B1 (fr) | 2024-02-16 |
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