WO2022207278A1 - Battery cell module with a temperature sensor element - Google Patents

Battery cell module with a temperature sensor element Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022207278A1
WO2022207278A1 PCT/EP2022/056366 EP2022056366W WO2022207278A1 WO 2022207278 A1 WO2022207278 A1 WO 2022207278A1 EP 2022056366 W EP2022056366 W EP 2022056366W WO 2022207278 A1 WO2022207278 A1 WO 2022207278A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
battery cell
cell module
temperature sensor
sensor element
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2022/056366
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Wolfram Siegfried BIRKMAYER
Original Assignee
Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg filed Critical Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg
Publication of WO2022207278A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022207278A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K1/00—Details of thermometers not specially adapted for particular types of thermometer
    • G01K1/14—Supports; Fastening devices; Arrangements for mounting thermometers in particular locations
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
    • G01K11/06—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using melting, freezing, or softening
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K3/00—Thermometers giving results other than momentary value of temperature
    • G01K3/005—Circuits arrangements for indicating a predetermined temperature
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
    • G01K7/16—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements
    • G01K7/22—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements the element being a non-linear resistance, e.g. thermistor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/482—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
    • H01M2200/10—Temperature sensitive devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a battery cell module for storing electrical energy.
  • battery cells are regularly combined into battery cell modules. Particularly in the case of rechargeable battery cell modules for providing relatively high current intensities, one or more of the battery cells may overheat, followed by electrolyte escaping from the one or more affected battery cells. If large amounts of electrolyte escape, there is a risk of fire or even an explosion. Typically, the escape of electrolyte from just one battery cell can still be collected in a housing of the battery cell module.
  • the control unit typically requires a processor to analyze sensor signals from the temperature sensors.
  • processors have an increased failure rate. With battery systems that can be designed for many years of use, it can happen that the processor fails in such a way that it no longer recognizes that the specified temperature of the battery cells has been exceeded.
  • the object of the present invention is to enable improved battery systems.
  • a battery cell module for a battery system and for storing electrical energy.
  • the battery cell module includes multiple battery cells and a temperature sensor element thermally coupled to the multiple battery cells.
  • this is based on the knowledge that if a battery cell of the battery cell module is about to overheat, the entire battery cell module can be electrically disconnected from a power source or load, so that it does not matter which of the battery cells in the battery cell module has a temperature that is too high. Furthermore, this is based on the idea that instead of one or more separate temperature sensors per battery cell, a common temperature sensor element that is thermally coupled to each of the battery cells can be used. It can thus be detected by means of the temperature sensor element whether one of the battery cells thermally coupled thereto has a temperature exceeding a threshold value. A battery system with the battery cell module can read out the one (single) temperature sensor element of the battery cell module in a particularly simple manner.
  • the temperature sensing element extends across the plurality of battery cells. This enables thermal coupling with a particularly large number of battery cells.
  • the temperature sensor element extends in a meandering pattern over the multiple battery cells.
  • the plurality of battery cells each have a shape of a circular cylinder, for example.
  • the multiple battery cells are arranged, for example, in a row, e.g. parallel to one another, in particular offset parallel to one another.
  • the temperature sensor element can be in contact with each of the multiple battery cells. This facilitates thermal coupling.
  • the multiple battery cells include at least three battery cells, at least five battery cells, or at least ten battery cells. In this way, a particularly large number of separate temperature sensors can be saved compared to the battery cell modules described at the outset.
  • the plurality of battery cells are electrically connected in parallel with one another. In this way, particularly large current intensities provided by the battery cell module are made possible.
  • the temperature sensor element comprises, for example, an elongate body. This facilitates the thermally coupled arrangement of the temperature sensor element to the plurality of battery cells.
  • the temperature sensor element is optionally flexible, in particular in such a way that it can be placed around and/or on the individual battery cells.
  • the elongated body can define an interior space.
  • the elongate body is, for example, an elongate hollow body.
  • the body is, for example, tubular.
  • An electrical conductor optionally extends in the interior space, for example along the interior space, which is elongate, for example. Temperature readings can be recorded via this conductor.
  • the conductor includes or consists of nickel, for example.
  • the interior is partially or completely filled with a filling surrounding the conductor, for example.
  • the filling can have an electrical resistance that changes with the temperature, in particular with a non-linear relationship between the temperature and the electrical resistance. This allows the detection of a locally increased temperature that exceeds the set threshold. An increase in average ambient temperature below the threshold does not change the resistance (or only a negligible change). In this way, the sensor can detect a local temperature increase and distinguish it from an average temperature increase.
  • the filling includes or consists of a eutectic material.
  • the filling includes or consists of a salt.
  • the filling includes or consists of a eutectic salt mixture.
  • the filling may include or consist of a eutectic of sodium, potassium and lithium nitrates.
  • a eutectic material allows for a sudden phase transition when a temperature threshold is exceeded. As a result, local exceeding of the temperature threshold value can be determined by detecting a sudden drop in electrical resistance.
  • the elongate body is electrically conductive.
  • the body includes or consists of a metal or a metal alloy.
  • the elongate body comprises or consists of Inconel.
  • a battery system which includes the battery cell module according to any configuration described herein, and a control unit, which is used to detect sensor signals by means of the temperature sensor element is connected to the temperature sensor element.
  • control unit is designed to disconnect (or close) an electrical connection between the battery cell module and a power connection of the battery system based on the detected sensor signals of the temperature sensor.
  • control unit includes, for example, a switch, for example in the form of a relay, a transistor and/or a thyristor.
  • the battery system includes a plurality of battery cell modules, in particular according to any configuration described herein.
  • a vehicle in particular an aircraft, comprising the battery system according to any configuration described herein.
  • the (aircraft) vehicle can comprise an electrical machine, e.g. an electric motor, which is electrically connected to the battery system, in particular for driving a thrust-generating device, e.g. a propeller.
  • Figure 1 shows a battery system with a control unit and several
  • FIG. 2 shows a temperature sensor element of the battery system according to FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 shows an aircraft in the form of an airplane with an electrically driven propeller and the battery system according to FIG.
  • FIG. 1 shows a battery system 3 for storing and providing electrical energy.
  • the battery system 3 has a power connection 30 at which the battery system 3 can provide an electrical voltage. Conversely, the battery system 3 can be charged via the power connection 30 using electrical current.
  • the battery system 3 comprises at least one battery cell module 1, optionally several battery cell modules 1. Only one battery cell module 1 is described below, with optional further battery cell modules 1 having an identical structure can be connected to. The one battery cell module 1 or the multiple battery cell modules 1 can also be referred to as a battery pack.
  • the battery cell module 1 comprises a plurality of battery cells 10.
  • the battery cells 10 are arranged parallel to one another and along a row, although other arrangements are also conceivable, e.g. in a number of rows.
  • each of the battery cells is cylindrical, specifically: circular-cylindrical in shape.
  • the battery cells 10 can be recharged and can each be referred to as accumulator cells.
  • the battery cells 10 are each designed as lithium-ion cells, for example.
  • Each of the battery cells 10 has two poles 100A, 100B, a positive pole and a negative pole. There is an electrical voltage between the poles 100A, 100B.
  • the respective like-named poles of the plurality of battery cells 10 are each electrically connected to one another via a conductor. The battery cells 10 are thus connected in parallel with one another.
  • the battery cell module 1 includes a temperature sensor element 11.
  • the temperature sensor element 11 is thermally coupled to each of the plurality of battery cells 1 and is thermally in contact with it. In the example shown, the temperature sensor element 11 is in contact with each of the several battery cells 10. In the present case, the temperature sensor element 11 extends in a meandering manner along the row of battery cells 10. The temperature sensor element 11 is therefore in contact with each of the battery cells 10 along a semicircular path.
  • the temperature sensor element 11 has two electrical connections between which there is a temperature-dependent resistance. If the temperature of one or more of the battery cells 10 increases, the electrical resistance between the two electrical connections changes. In FIG. 1, one of the connections is connected to the control unit 2 of the battery system 1 via an electrical connection that is shown. The other connection is connected to a ground potential, for example.
  • the control unit 2 includes a comparator 21.
  • the comparator 21 can be designed to compare two voltages with one another.
  • a signal e.g. an electrical potential
  • an optional readout unit 24 is provided, which outputs an electrical potential at an output that is electrically connected to an input of the comparator 21 , which electrical potential corresponds to the resistance of the temperature sensor element 11 .
  • At the other input of the comparator 21 there is an electrical potential corresponding to a predetermined reference temperature Tref.
  • the circuit with the comparator 21 and the readout unit 24 is only to be understood as an example and other types of circuits are also conceivable which, by measuring the resistance of the temperature sensor element 11, detect whether a specified temperature (e.g. 50 or 80 or 100 degrees Celsius) has been exceeded . It can be seen that such electrical circuits are typically particularly simple and robust. A particularly low probability of failure is therefore possible compared to using a processor.
  • a specified temperature e.g. 50 or 80 or 100 degrees Celsius
  • the battery system 1 can still include a processor 23 and possibly also an analog-to-digital converter, ADC 22, for example for other functions not described here. However, these components are not necessary for monitoring and in particular for protecting against overheating of the individual battery cells 10 .
  • the output of the comparator 21 is connected to a connection module 20 in the present case.
  • the connection module 20 electrically connects the battery cell module 1 or the battery cell modules 1 to the power connection 30.
  • the connection module 20 for the battery cell module 1 or each of the plurality of battery cell modules 1 has a switch shown only schematically in FIG. The switch position is determined by the signal at the output of the comparator 21. If the comparator 21 thus determines a temperature which is above the reference temperature Tref, the switch of the corresponding battery cell module 1 is opened. A circuit is thus opened via the battery cell module 1 and the power connection 30 . As a result, further heating of the battery cells 10 of the battery cell module 1 can be prevented.
  • FIG. 2 shows the temperature sensor element 11.
  • the temperature sensor element 11 comprises an elongate body 111 in the form of a tube with an interior space 114.
  • An electrical conductor 110 e.g. made of nickel, extends in the interior space 114 and along the interior space 114.
  • the body 111 is electrically conductive.
  • the body 111 is flexible. In the present case, the body consists of Inconel.
  • the body 111 and the conductor 110 are not in contact with each other, they are spaced apart at every point.
  • a filling 112 is arranged between the conductor 110 and the body 111 , in the interior space 114 of the body 111 . The filling encloses the conductor 111.
  • the filling 112 comprises a eutectic material, namely a eutectic salt mixture, namely a eutectic of sodium, potassium and lithium nitrates.
  • a locally (at one or more points along the length of the temperature sensor element 11 ) increased temperature can be determined independently of a higher or lower ambient temperature. Because, for example, the eutectic material locally at this point undergoes a phase transition from solid to liquid when the corresponding melting point is exceeded and becomes significantly more electrically conductive, so that the electrical resistance between the body 111 and the conductor 110 drops suddenly.
  • the temperature sensor element 11 is thus designed to detect local temperature changes. On the other hand, the temperature sensor element 11 does not average temperatures over a relatively long piece (eg, the entire length) of the temperature sensor element 11 .
  • the temperature sensor element 11 also includes a connector 113, for example in the form of a screw or plug connector for connection to the control unit 2.
  • the body 111 is placed, for example, at ground potential.
  • the battery system 3 can in particular be operated with high currents, e.g. as a vehicle traction battery.
  • the battery system 3 enables particularly reliable protection against overheating with a particularly simple design and low production costs.
  • FIG. 3 shows an aircraft 4 in the form of an electrically powered aircraft.
  • the aircraft 4 includes a propeller 41 which is driven by an electric machine 40 in the form of an electric motor.
  • the aircraft 4 also includes the battery system 3 described above.
  • the electric machine 40 is electrically connected to the battery system 3 and is thereby supplied with energy.
  • the electrical machine 40 serves as a generator and is set up to provide electrical energy to the battery system 3 .

Abstract

The invention relates to a battery cell module (1) for storing electrical energy, comprising several battery cells (10) and a temperature sensor element (11) which is thermally coupled to each of the several battery cells (10).

Description

Batteriezellenmodul mit Temperatursensorelement Battery cell module with temperature sensor element
Beschreibung description
Die vorliegende Offenbarung bezieht sich insbesondere auf ein Batteriezellenmodul zum Speichern von elektrischer Energie. In particular, the present disclosure relates to a battery cell module for storing electrical energy.
Mehrere Batteriezellen werden regelmäßig zu Batteriezellenmodulen zusammengefasst. Insbesondere bei wieder aufladbaren Batteriezellenmodulen zum Bereitstellen verhältnismäßig großer Stromstärken kann es zu einer Überhitzung einer oder mehrerer der Batteriezellen kommen, gefolgt von einem Austritt von Elektrolyt aus der einen oder den mehreren betroffenen Batteriezellen. Der Austritt größerer Mengen von Elektrolyt birgt die Gefahr eines Brands oder gar einer Explosion. Typischerweise kann der Austritt von Elektrolyt aus nur einer Batteriezelle in einem Gehäuse des Batteriezellenmoduls noch aufgefangen werden. Several battery cells are regularly combined into battery cell modules. Particularly in the case of rechargeable battery cell modules for providing relatively high current intensities, one or more of the battery cells may overheat, followed by electrolyte escaping from the one or more affected battery cells. If large amounts of electrolyte escape, there is a risk of fire or even an explosion. Typically, the escape of electrolyte from just one battery cell can still be collected in a housing of the battery cell module.
Der Anmelderin ist es aus der Praxis bekannt, Batteriezellen mit Temperatursensoren zu versehen, wobei eine Steuerungseinheit eines Batteriesystems mit solchen Batteriezellenmodulen bei Überschreiten einer vorgegebenen Temperatur von einer der Batteriezellen eine elektrische Verbindung der Batteriezelle unterbricht. Hierdurch können eine Überhitzung der Batteriezelle und der Austritt von Elektrolyt, insbesondere von weiteren Batteriezellen in der Folge, verhindert werden. The applicant knows from practice to provide battery cells with temperature sensors, with a control unit of a battery system with such battery cell modules interrupting an electrical connection of the battery cell when a predetermined temperature of one of the battery cells is exceeded. This can cause overheating of the battery cell and leakage of electrolyte, in particular from further battery cells in the sequence, can be prevented.
Zum Analysieren von Sensorsignalen der Temperatursensoren benötigt die Steuerungseinheit typischerweise einen Prozessor. Derartige Prozessoren haben allerdings eine erhöhte Ausfallrate. So kann es bei Batteriesystemen, die für einen langjährigen Einsatz ausgelegt sein können, Vorkommen, dass der Prozessor so ausfällt dass er ein Überschreiten der vorgegebenen Temperatur der Batteriezellen nicht mehr erkennt. The control unit typically requires a processor to analyze sensor signals from the temperature sensors. However, such processors have an increased failure rate. With battery systems that can be designed for many years of use, it can happen that the processor fails in such a way that it no longer recognizes that the specified temperature of the battery cells has been exceeded.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, verbesserte Batteriesysteme zu ermöglichen. The object of the present invention is to enable improved battery systems.
Gemäß einem Aspekt wird ein Batteriezellenmodul für ein Batteriesystem und zum Speichern von elektrischer Energie bereitgestellt. Das Batteriezellenmodul umfasst mehrere Batteriezellen und ein Temperatursensorelement, das mit den mehreren Batteriezellen thermisch gekoppelt ist. According to one aspect, a battery cell module for a battery system and for storing electrical energy is provided. The battery cell module includes multiple battery cells and a temperature sensor element thermally coupled to the multiple battery cells.
Das basiert einerseits auf der Erkenntnis, dass bei einer drohenden Überhitzung einer Batteriezelle des Batteriezellenmoduls das gesamte Batteriezellenmodul elektrisch von einer Stromquelle oder Last getrennt werden kann, sodass es nicht darauf ankommt, welche der Batteriezellen im Batteriezellenmodul eine zu hohe Temperatur aufweist. Ferner basiert dies auf dem Gedanken, dass anstelle von einem oder mehreren separaten Temperatursensoren pro Batteriezelle ein gemeinsames Temperatursensorelement verwendet werden kann, das mit jeder der Batteriezellen thermisch gekoppelt ist. Somit kann mittels des Temperatursensorelements erfasst werden, ob eine der thermisch damit gekoppelten Batteriezellen eine einen Schwellenwert übersteigende Temperatur aufweist. Ein Batteriesystem mit dem Batteriezellenmodul kann in besonders einfacher Weise das eine (einzige) Temperatursensorelement des Batteriezellenmoduls auslesen. Das wiederum ist auch ohne einem Prozessor möglich, z.B. mit einer einfachen elektrischen oder elektronischen Schaltung, z.B. mit einem Komparator. Derartige Schaltungen können mit einer durchschnittlichen Ausfallrate von lediglich 10L-9 Ausfällen/Stunde umgesetzt werden. Erkenntnissen der Anmelderin zufolge können typische bislang regelmäßig eingesetzte Prozessoren demgegenüber durchschnittliche Ausfallraten von 10L-5 Ausfällen/Stunde aufweisen. Somit ermöglicht das beschriebene verbesserte Batteriezellenmodul ein verbessertes, und zwar insbesondere besonders langlebiges und zudem auch einfacher aufgebautes Batteriesystem. On the one hand, this is based on the knowledge that if a battery cell of the battery cell module is about to overheat, the entire battery cell module can be electrically disconnected from a power source or load, so that it does not matter which of the battery cells in the battery cell module has a temperature that is too high. Furthermore, this is based on the idea that instead of one or more separate temperature sensors per battery cell, a common temperature sensor element that is thermally coupled to each of the battery cells can be used. It can thus be detected by means of the temperature sensor element whether one of the battery cells thermally coupled thereto has a temperature exceeding a threshold value. A battery system with the battery cell module can read out the one (single) temperature sensor element of the battery cell module in a particularly simple manner. This in turn is also possible without a processor, for example with a simple electrical or electronic circuit, for example with a comparator. Such circuits can be implemented with an average failure rate of only 10 L -9 failures/hour. According to the findings of the applicant, typical processors that have been used regularly up to now can, in contrast, have average failure rates of 10 L -5 failures/hour. The improved battery cell module described thus enables an improved battery system, specifically one that is particularly long-lasting and also has a simpler structure.
Das Temperatursensorelement erstreckt sich z.B. über die mehreren Batteriezellen hinweg. Das ermöglicht eine thermische Kopplung mit einer besonders großen Anzahl an Batteriezellen. For example, the temperature sensing element extends across the plurality of battery cells. This enables thermal coupling with a particularly large number of battery cells.
Optional erstreckt sich das Temperatursensorelement mäanderförmig über die mehreren Batteriezellen. Hierdurch kann sowohl eine besonders sicherere Anlage des Temperatursensorelements an den einzelnen Batteriezellen erzielt werden, als auch eine verhältnismäßig großflächige Anlage. Die mehreren Batteriezellen weisen jeweils z.B. die Form eines Kreiszylinders auf. Die mehreren Batteriezellen sind beispielsweise in einer Reihe angeordnet, z.B. parallel zueinander, insbesondere parallel zueinander versetzt. Optionally, the temperature sensor element extends in a meandering pattern over the multiple battery cells. As a result, both a particularly reliable contact of the temperature sensor element on the individual battery cells and a relatively large-area contact can be achieved. The plurality of battery cells each have a shape of a circular cylinder, for example. The multiple battery cells are arranged, for example, in a row, e.g. parallel to one another, in particular offset parallel to one another.
Das Temperatursensorelement kann mit jeder der mehreren Batteriezellen in Berührung stehen. Das erleichtert die thermische Kopplung. The temperature sensor element can be in contact with each of the multiple battery cells. This facilitates thermal coupling.
In einer Ausgestaltung umfassen die mehreren Batteriezellen mindestens drei Batteriezellen, mindestens fünf Batteriezellen oder mindestens zehn Batteriezellen. So kann gegenüber den eingangs beschriebenen Batteriezellenmodulen eine besonders große Anzahl an separaten Temperatursensoren eingespart werden. In one configuration, the multiple battery cells include at least three battery cells, at least five battery cells, or at least ten battery cells. In this way, a particularly large number of separate temperature sensors can be saved compared to the battery cell modules described at the outset.
Die mehreren Batteriezellen sind z.B. miteinander elektrisch parallel geschaltet. So werden besonders große, durch das Batteriezellenmodul bereitgestellte Stromstärken ermöglicht. For example, the plurality of battery cells are electrically connected in parallel with one another. In this way, particularly large current intensities provided by the battery cell module are made possible.
Das Temperatursensorelement umfasst z.B. einen länglichen Körper. Das erleichtert die an die mehreren Batteriezellen thermisch gekoppelte Anordnung des Temperatursensorelements. Optional ist das Temperatursensorelement flexibel, insbesondere derart, dass es um und/oder an die einzelnen Batteriezellen gelegt werden kann. Der längliche Körper kann einen Innenraum definieren. Der längliche Körper ist z.B. ein länglicher Hohlkörper. Der Körper ist z.B. schlauchförmig. Optional erstreckt sich ein elektrischer Leiter in dem Innenraum, z.B. entlang des beispielsweise länglichen Innenraums. Über diesen Leiter können Temperaturmesswerte erfasst werden. Der Leiter umfasst z.B. Nickel oder besteht daraus. The temperature sensor element comprises, for example, an elongate body. This facilitates the thermally coupled arrangement of the temperature sensor element to the plurality of battery cells. The temperature sensor element is optionally flexible, in particular in such a way that it can be placed around and/or on the individual battery cells. The elongated body can define an interior space. The elongate body is, for example, an elongate hollow body. The body is, for example, tubular. An electrical conductor optionally extends in the interior space, for example along the interior space, which is elongate, for example. Temperature readings can be recorded via this conductor. The conductor includes or consists of nickel, for example.
Beispielsweise ist der Innenraum, abschnittsweise oder vollständig, durch eine z.B. den Leiter umgebende Füllung ausgefüllt. Hierdurch kann der Leiter von dem Körper räumlich separiert sein. Die Füllung kann einen sich mit der Temperatur ändernden elektrischen Widerstand aufweisen, insbesondere mit einem nichtlinearen Zusammenhang zwischen der Temperatur und dem elektrischen Widerstand. Das erlaubt das Erkennen einer lokal erhöhten Temperatur, die den eingestellten Schwellwert überschreitet. Eine Erhöhung der durchschnittlichen Umgebungstemperatur, die unter dem Schwellwert liegt, führt nicht zu einer Veränderung des Widerstands (oder nur zu einer vernachlässigbaren Veränderung). So kann der Sensor eine lokale Temperaturerhöhung erkennen und von einer durchschnittlichen Temperaturerhöhung unterscheiden.. For example, the interior is partially or completely filled with a filling surrounding the conductor, for example. This allows the conductor to be spatially separated from the body. The filling can have an electrical resistance that changes with the temperature, in particular with a non-linear relationship between the temperature and the electrical resistance. This allows the detection of a locally increased temperature that exceeds the set threshold. An increase in average ambient temperature below the threshold does not change the resistance (or only a negligible change). In this way, the sensor can detect a local temperature increase and distinguish it from an average temperature increase.
In einer Ausgestaltung umfasst die Füllung ein eutektisches Material oder besteht daraus. Optional umfasst die Füllung ein Salz oder besteht daraus. Beispielsweise umfasst die Füllung eine eutektische Salzmischung oder besteht daraus. Beispielsweise kann die Füllung ein Eutektikum der Natrium-, Kalium- und Lithiumnitrate umfassen oder daraus bestehen. Ein eutektisches Material erlaubt einen plötzlichen Phasenübergang bei Überschreiten eines Temperaturschwellenwerts. Hierdurch kann durch Erfassen eines plötzlich abfallenden elektrischen Widerstands ein lokales Überschreiten des Temperaturschwellenwerts ermittelt werden. In one configuration, the filling includes or consists of a eutectic material. Optionally, the filling includes or consists of a salt. For example, the filling includes or consists of a eutectic salt mixture. For example, the filling may include or consist of a eutectic of sodium, potassium and lithium nitrates. A eutectic material allows for a sudden phase transition when a temperature threshold is exceeded. As a result, local exceeding of the temperature threshold value can be determined by detecting a sudden drop in electrical resistance.
Der längliche Körper ist z.B. elektrisch leitfähig. Beispielsweise umfasst der Körper ein Metall oder eine Metalllegierung, oder besteht daraus. Optional umfasst der längliche Körper Inconel oder besteht daraus. For example, the elongate body is electrically conductive. For example, the body includes or consists of a metal or a metal alloy. Optionally, the elongate body comprises or consists of Inconel.
Gemäß einem Aspekt wird ein Batteriesystem bereitgestellt, welches das Batteriezellenmodul nach einer beliebigen, hierin beschriebenen Ausgestaltung umfasst, sowie eine Steuerungseinheit, die zum Erfassen von Sensorsignalen mittels des Temperatursensorelements an das Temperatursensorelement angeschlossen ist. According to one aspect, a battery system is provided, which includes the battery cell module according to any configuration described herein, and a control unit, which is used to detect sensor signals by means of the temperature sensor element is connected to the temperature sensor element.
Dabei kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Steuerungseinheit dazu ausgebildet ist, basierend auf den erfassten Sensorsignalen des Temperatursensors eine elektrische Verbindung zwischen dem Batteriezellenmodul und einem Leistungsanschluss des Batteriesystems zu trennen (oder zu schließen). Hierzu umfasst die Steuerungseinheit z.B. einen Schalter, beispielsweise in Form eines Relais, einen Transistor und/oder einen Thyristor. Somit kann bei Erkennen einer Überhitzung von zumindest einer der Batteriezellen eine Stromzufuhr oder Last besonders schnell und sicher abgeschaltet werden, sodass ein Austreten von Elektrolyt der Batteriezelle(n) verhindert werden kann. It can be provided that the control unit is designed to disconnect (or close) an electrical connection between the battery cell module and a power connection of the battery system based on the detected sensor signals of the temperature sensor. For this purpose, the control unit includes, for example, a switch, for example in the form of a relay, a transistor and/or a thyristor. Thus, when overheating of at least one of the battery cells is detected, a power supply or load can be switched off particularly quickly and safely, with the result that electrolyte from the battery cell(s) can be prevented from escaping.
Optional umfasst das Batteriesystem mehrere Batteriezellenmodule, insbesondere jeweils nach einer beliebigen, hierin beschriebenen Ausgestaltung. Optionally, the battery system includes a plurality of battery cell modules, in particular according to any configuration described herein.
Gemäß einem Aspekt wird ein Fahrzeug, insbesondere ein Luftfahrzeug, bereitgestellt, umfassend das Batteriesystem nach einer beliebigen, hierin beschriebenen Ausgestaltung. Ferner kann das (Luft-)Fahrzeug eine elektrisch an das Batteriesystem angeschlossene elektrische Maschine umfassen, z.B. einen Elektromotor, insbesondere zum Antrieb einer Schub erzeugenden Vorrichtung, z.B. eines Propellers. According to one aspect, a vehicle, in particular an aircraft, is provided, comprising the battery system according to any configuration described herein. Furthermore, the (aircraft) vehicle can comprise an electrical machine, e.g. an electric motor, which is electrically connected to the battery system, in particular for driving a thrust-generating device, e.g. a propeller.
Es werden nun beispielhaft Ausführungsformen mit Bezug auf die Figuren beschrieben; in den Figuren zeigen: Exemplary embodiments will now be described with reference to the figures; show in the figures:
Figur 1 ein Batteriesystem mit einer Steuerungseinheit und mehrerenFigure 1 shows a battery system with a control unit and several
Batteriezellenmodulen mit jeweils einemBattery cell modules, each with one
Temperatursensorelement; temperature sensor element;
Figur 2 ein Temperatursensorelement des Batteriesystems gemäß Figur 1 ; und FIG. 2 shows a temperature sensor element of the battery system according to FIG. 1; and
Figur 3 ein Luftfahrzeug in Form eines Flugzeugs mit einem elektrisch angetriebenen Propeller und dem Batteriesystem gemäß Figur 1 . Figur 1 zeigt ein Batteriesystem 3 zum Speichern und Bereitstellen elektrischer Energie. Das Batteriesystem 3 weist einen Leistungsanschluss 30 auf, an dem das Batteriesystem 3 eine elektrische Spannung bereitstellen kann. Umgekehrt ist das Batteriesystem 3 über den Leistungsanschluss 30 mittels elektrischem Strom aufladbar. FIG. 3 shows an aircraft in the form of an airplane with an electrically driven propeller and the battery system according to FIG. FIG. 1 shows a battery system 3 for storing and providing electrical energy. The battery system 3 has a power connection 30 at which the battery system 3 can provide an electrical voltage. Conversely, the battery system 3 can be charged via the power connection 30 using electrical current.
Das Batteriesystem 3 umfasst zumindest ein Batteriezellenmodul 1, optional mehrere Batteriezellenmodule 1. Nachfolgend wird lediglich ein Batteriezellenmodul 1 beschrieben, wobei optionale weitere Batteriezellenmodule 1 identisch aufgebaut an angeschlossen sein können. Das eine Batteriezellenmodul 1 oder die mehreren Batteriezellenmodule 1 können auch als Batteriepack bezeichnet werden. The battery system 3 comprises at least one battery cell module 1, optionally several battery cell modules 1. Only one battery cell module 1 is described below, with optional further battery cell modules 1 having an identical structure can be connected to. The one battery cell module 1 or the multiple battery cell modules 1 can also be referred to as a battery pack.
Das Batteriezellenmodul 1 umfasst mehrere Batteriezellen 10. Die Batteriezellen 10 sind parallel zueinander und entlang einer Reihe angeordnet, wobei auch andere Anordnungen denkbar sind, z.B. in mehreren Reihen. Vorliegend ist jede der Batteriezellen zylindrisch, konkret: kreiszylindrisch geformt. Im gezeigten Beispiel sind die Batteriezellen 10 wieder aufladbar und können jeweils als Akkumulatorzellen bezeichnet werden. Die Batteriezellen 10 sind jeweils z.B. als Lithium-Ionen-Zellen ausgebildet. The battery cell module 1 comprises a plurality of battery cells 10. The battery cells 10 are arranged parallel to one another and along a row, although other arrangements are also conceivable, e.g. in a number of rows. In the present case, each of the battery cells is cylindrical, specifically: circular-cylindrical in shape. In the example shown, the battery cells 10 can be recharged and can each be referred to as accumulator cells. The battery cells 10 are each designed as lithium-ion cells, for example.
Jede der Batteriezellen 10 weist zwei Pole 100A, 100B auf, einen Pluspol und einen Minuspol. Zwischen den Polen 100A, 100B besteht eine elektrische Spannung. Die jeweils gleichnamigen Pole der mehreren Batteriezellen 10 sind jeweils über einen Leiter miteinander elektrisch verbunden. Somit sind die Batteriezellen 10 miteinander parallel geschaltet. Each of the battery cells 10 has two poles 100A, 100B, a positive pole and a negative pole. There is an electrical voltage between the poles 100A, 100B. The respective like-named poles of the plurality of battery cells 10 are each electrically connected to one another via a conductor. The battery cells 10 are thus connected in parallel with one another.
Ferner umfasst das Batteriezellenmodul 1 ein Temperatursensorelement 11. Das Temperatursensorelement 11 ist mit jeder der mehreren Batteriezellen 1 thermisch gekoppelt, steht thermisch damit in Kontakt. Das Temperatursensorelement 11 steht im gezeigten Beispiel in Berührung mit jeder der mehreren Batteriezellen 10. Vorliegend erstreckt sich das Temperatursensorelement 11 mäanderförmig entlang der Reihe der Batteriezellen 10. Somit steht das Temperatursensorelement 11 mit jeder der Batteriezellen 10 entlang einer halbkreisförmigen Bahn in Kontakt. Das Temperatursensorelement 11 weist zwei elektrische Anschlüsse auf, zwischen denen ein temperaturabhängiger Widerstand vorliegt. Steigt die Temperatur von einer oder mehreren der Batteriezellen 10, so ändert sich der elektrische Widerstand zwischen den beiden elektrischen Anschlüssen. In Figur 1 ist einer der Anschlüsse über eine gezeigte elektrische Verbindung an die Steuerungseinheit 2 des Batteriesystems 1 angeschlossen. Der andere Anschluss ist z.B. auf ein Erdpotential gelegt. Furthermore, the battery cell module 1 includes a temperature sensor element 11. The temperature sensor element 11 is thermally coupled to each of the plurality of battery cells 1 and is thermally in contact with it. In the example shown, the temperature sensor element 11 is in contact with each of the several battery cells 10. In the present case, the temperature sensor element 11 extends in a meandering manner along the row of battery cells 10. The temperature sensor element 11 is therefore in contact with each of the battery cells 10 along a semicircular path. The temperature sensor element 11 has two electrical connections between which there is a temperature-dependent resistance. If the temperature of one or more of the battery cells 10 increases, the electrical resistance between the two electrical connections changes. In FIG. 1, one of the connections is connected to the control unit 2 of the battery system 1 via an electrical connection that is shown. The other connection is connected to a ground potential, for example.
Die Steuerungseinheit 2 umfasst einen Komparator 21. Der Komparator 21 kann wie im gezeigten Beispiel dazu ausgebildet sein, zwei Spannungen miteinander zu vergleichen. Ein Signal (z.B. ein elektrisches Potential) an einem Ausgang des Komparators 21 zeigt an, welche der beiden Spannungen größer ist. Vorliegend ist eine optionale Ausleseeinheit 24 vorgesehen, welche an einem mit einem Eingang des Komparators 21 elektrisch verbundenen Ausgang ein elektrisches Potential ausgibt, die dem Widerstand des Temperatursensorelements 11 entspricht. Am anderen Eingang des Komparators 21 liegt ein einer vorgegebenen Referenztemperatur Tref entsprechendes elektrisches Potential an. Die Schaltung mit dem Komparator 21 und der Ausleseeinheit 24 ist lediglich beispielhaft zu verstehen und es sind auch andere Arten von Schaltungen denkbar, die über eine Messung des Widerstands des Temperatursensorelements 11 das Überschreiten einer vorgegebenen Temperatur (z.B. 50 oder 80 oder 100 Grad Celsius) erfasst. Es ist ersichtlich, dass derartige elektrische Schaltungen typischerweise besonders einfach und robust sind. Somit ist gegenüber der Nutzung eines Prozessors eine besonders geringe Ausfallwahrscheinlichkeit möglich. The control unit 2 includes a comparator 21. As in the example shown, the comparator 21 can be designed to compare two voltages with one another. A signal (e.g. an electrical potential) at an output of the comparator 21 indicates which of the two voltages is greater. In the present case, an optional readout unit 24 is provided, which outputs an electrical potential at an output that is electrically connected to an input of the comparator 21 , which electrical potential corresponds to the resistance of the temperature sensor element 11 . At the other input of the comparator 21 there is an electrical potential corresponding to a predetermined reference temperature Tref. The circuit with the comparator 21 and the readout unit 24 is only to be understood as an example and other types of circuits are also conceivable which, by measuring the resistance of the temperature sensor element 11, detect whether a specified temperature (e.g. 50 or 80 or 100 degrees Celsius) has been exceeded . It can be seen that such electrical circuits are typically particularly simple and robust. A particularly low probability of failure is therefore possible compared to using a processor.
Das Batteriesystem 1 kann zwar dennoch einen Prozessor 23 und ggf. auch einen Analog-zu-Digital-Wandler, ADC 22, umfassen, beispielsweise für weitere, hier nicht beschriebene Funktionen. Aber zur Überwachung und insbesondere zum Schutz vor Überhitzung der einzelnen Batteriezellen 10 sind diese Komponenten nicht notwendig. The battery system 1 can still include a processor 23 and possibly also an analog-to-digital converter, ADC 22, for example for other functions not described here. However, these components are not necessary for monitoring and in particular for protecting against overheating of the individual battery cells 10 .
Der Ausgang des Komparators 21 ist vorliegend an ein Verbindungsmodul 20 angeschlossen. Das Verbindungsmodul 20 verbindet das Batteriezellenmodul 1 oder die Batteriezellenmodule 1 elektrisch mit dem Leistungsanschluss 30. Dabei weist das Verbindungsmodul 20 für das Batteriezellenmodul 1 oder jedes der mehreren Batteriezellenmodule 1 einen in Figur 1 nur schematisch gezeigten Schalter auf. Die Schalterstellung wird durch das Signal am Ausgang des Komparators 21 bestimmt. Ermittelt der Komparator 21 also eine Temperatur, die oberhalb der Referenztemperatur Tref liegt, so wird der Schalter des entsprechenden Batteriezellenmoduls 1 geöffnet. Somit wird ein Stromkreis über das Batteriezellenmodul 1 und den Leistungsanschluss 30 geöffnet. Hierdurch kann eine weitere Erwärmung der Batteriezellen 10 des Batteriezellenmoduls 1 verhindert werden. The output of the comparator 21 is connected to a connection module 20 in the present case. The connection module 20 electrically connects the battery cell module 1 or the battery cell modules 1 to the power connection 30. In this case, the connection module 20 for the battery cell module 1 or each of the plurality of battery cell modules 1 has a switch shown only schematically in FIG. The switch position is determined by the signal at the output of the comparator 21. If the comparator 21 thus determines a temperature which is above the reference temperature Tref, the switch of the corresponding battery cell module 1 is opened. A circuit is thus opened via the battery cell module 1 and the power connection 30 . As a result, further heating of the battery cells 10 of the battery cell module 1 can be prevented.
Figur 2 zeigt das Temperatursensorelement 11. Das Temperatursensorelement 11 umfasst einen länglichen Körper 111 in Form eines Schlauchs mit einem Innenraum 114. In Innenraum 114 und entlang des Innenraums 114 erstreckt sich ein elektrischer Leiter 110, z.B. aus Nickel. Der Körper 111 ist elektrisch leitfähig. Der Körper 111 ist flexibel. Vorliegend besteht der Körper aus Inconel. Der Körper 111 und der Leiter 110 stehen nicht miteinander in Berührung, sie sind an jeder Stelle voneinander beabstandet. Zwischen dem Leiter 110 und dem Körper 111 , im Innenraum 114 des Körpers 111 ist eine Füllung 112 angeordnet. Die Füllung umschließt den Leiter 111. Vorliegend umfasst die Füllung 112 ein eutektisches Material, nämlich eine eutektische Salzmischung, und zwar ein Eutektikum der Natrium-, Kalium- und Lithiumnitrate. Hierdurch kann unabhängig von einer höheren oder niedrigeren Umgebungstemperatur eine lokal (an einer oder an mehreren Stellen entlang der Länge des Temperatursensorelements 11 ) erhöhte Temperatur ermittelt werden. Denn beispielsweise durchläuft das eutektische Material lokal an dieser Stelle bei Überschreiten des entsprechenden Schmelzpunktes einen Phasenübergang von fest zu flüssig und wird wesentlich elektrisch leitfähiger, sodass der elektrische Widerstand zwischen dem Körper 111 und dem Leiter 110 sprunghaft sinkt. Figure 2 shows the temperature sensor element 11. The temperature sensor element 11 comprises an elongate body 111 in the form of a tube with an interior space 114. An electrical conductor 110, e.g. made of nickel, extends in the interior space 114 and along the interior space 114. The body 111 is electrically conductive. The body 111 is flexible. In the present case, the body consists of Inconel. The body 111 and the conductor 110 are not in contact with each other, they are spaced apart at every point. A filling 112 is arranged between the conductor 110 and the body 111 , in the interior space 114 of the body 111 . The filling encloses the conductor 111. Here, the filling 112 comprises a eutectic material, namely a eutectic salt mixture, namely a eutectic of sodium, potassium and lithium nitrates. As a result, a locally (at one or more points along the length of the temperature sensor element 11 ) increased temperature can be determined independently of a higher or lower ambient temperature. Because, for example, the eutectic material locally at this point undergoes a phase transition from solid to liquid when the corresponding melting point is exceeded and becomes significantly more electrically conductive, so that the electrical resistance between the body 111 and the conductor 110 drops suddenly.
Das Temperatursensorelement 11 ist somit dazu ausgebildet, lokale Temperaturänderungen zu erfassen. Demgegenüber führt das Temperatursensorelement 11 keine Mittelung von Temperaturen über ein verhältnismäßig langes Stück (z.B. die gesamte Länge) des Temperatursensorelements 11 durch. Das Temperatursensorelement 11 umfasst ferner einen Verbinder 113, z.B. in Form eines Schraub- oder Steckverbinders zum Anschluss an die Steuerungseinheit 2. Der Körper 111 ist z.B. auf das Erdpotential gelegt. The temperature sensor element 11 is thus designed to detect local temperature changes. On the other hand, the temperature sensor element 11 does not average temperatures over a relatively long piece (eg, the entire length) of the temperature sensor element 11 . The temperature sensor element 11 also includes a connector 113, for example in the form of a screw or plug connector for connection to the control unit 2. The body 111 is placed, for example, at ground potential.
Das Batteriesystem 3 kann insbesondere mit hohen Strömen betrieben werden, z.B. als Fahrzeug-Traktionsbatterie. Das Batteriesystem 3 ermöglicht einen besonders sicheren Schutz vor Überhitzung bei einem zugleich besonders einfachen Aufbau und geringen Fierstellungskosten. The battery system 3 can in particular be operated with high currents, e.g. as a vehicle traction battery. The battery system 3 enables particularly reliable protection against overheating with a particularly simple design and low production costs.
Figur 3 zeigt ein Luftfahrzeug 4 in Form eines elektrisch angetriebenen Flugzeugs. Das Luftfahrzeug 4 umfasst einen Propeller 41 , der durch eine elektrische Maschine 40 in Form eines Elektromotors angetrieben ist. FIG. 3 shows an aircraft 4 in the form of an electrically powered aircraft. The aircraft 4 includes a propeller 41 which is driven by an electric machine 40 in the form of an electric motor.
Das Luftfahrzeug 4 umfasst ferner das vorstehend beschriebene Batteriesystem 3. Die elektrische Maschine 40 ist elektrisch mit dem Batteriesystem 3 verbunden und wird dadurch mit Energie versorgt. Alternativ oder zusätzlich dient die elektrische Maschine 40 als Generator und ist dazu eingerichtet, elektrische Energie an das Batteriesystem 3 bereitzustellen. The aircraft 4 also includes the battery system 3 described above. The electric machine 40 is electrically connected to the battery system 3 and is thereby supplied with energy. Alternatively or additionally, the electrical machine 40 serves as a generator and is set up to provide electrical energy to the battery system 3 .
Es versteht sich, dass die Erfindung nicht auf die oben beschriebenen Ausführungsformen beschränkt ist und verschiedene Modifikationen und Verbesserungen vorgenommen werden können, ohne von den hier beschriebenen Konzepten abzuweichen. Beliebige der Merkmale können separat oder in Kombination mit beliebigen anderen Merkmalen eingesetzt werden, sofern sie sich nicht gegenseitig ausschließen, und die Offenbarung dehnt sich auf alle Kombinationen und Unterkombinationen eines oder mehrerer Merkmale, die hier beschrieben werden, aus und umfasst diese. Bezugszeichenliste It should be understood that the invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concepts described herein. Any of the features may be employed separately or in combination with any other feature, provided they are not mutually exclusive, and the disclosure extends to and encompasses all combinations and sub-combinations of one or more features described herein. reference list
1 Batteriezellenmodul 1 battery cell module
10 Batteriezelle 10 battery cell
100A, 100B Pol 100A, 100B pin
11 Temperatursensorelement11 temperature sensor element
110 Leiter 110 conductors
111 Körper 111 body
112 Füllung 112 filling
113 Verbinder 113 connectors
114 Innenraum 114 interior
2 Steuerungseinheit 2 control unit
20 Verbindungsmodul 20 connection module
200 Schalter 200 switches
21 Komparator 21 comparator
22 ADC 22 adc
23 Prozessor 23 processor
24 Ausleseeinheit 24 readout unit
3 Batteriesystem 3 battery system
30 Leistungsanschluss 30 power connection
4 Luftfahrzeug 4 aircraft
40 elektrische Maschine 40 electric machine
41 Propeller 41 propellers

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations
1. Batteriezellenmodul (1) zum Speichern von elektrischer Energie, umfassend: mehrere Batteriezellen (10); und ein Temperatursensorelement (11), das mit jeder der mehrerenA battery cell module (1) for storing electrical energy, comprising: a plurality of battery cells (10); and a temperature sensor element (11) associated with each of the plurality
Batteriezellen (10) thermisch gekoppelt ist. Battery cells (10) is thermally coupled.
2. Batteriezellenmodul (1) nach Anspruch 1, wobei sich das2. Battery cell module (1) according to claim 1, wherein the
Temperatursensorelement (11) über die mehreren Batteriezellen (10) erstreckt. Temperature sensor element (11) extends over the plurality of battery cells (10).
3. Batteriezellenmodul (1) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei sich das3. Battery cell module (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the
Temperatursensorelement (11) mäanderförmig über die mehreren Batteriezellen (10) erstreckt. Temperature sensor element (11) extends meandering over the plurality of battery cells (10).
4. Batteriezellenmodul (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Temperatursensorelement (11) mit jeder der mehreren Batteriezellen (10) in Berührung steht. 4. Battery cell module (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the temperature sensor element (11) is in contact with each of the plurality of battery cells (10).
5. Batteriezellenmodul (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die mehreren Batteriezellen (10) mindestens drei Batteriezellen (10) umfassen. 5. battery cell module (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the plurality of battery cells (10) comprise at least three battery cells (10).
6. Batteriezellenmodul (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die mehreren Batteriezellen (10) miteinander elektrisch parallel geschaltet sind. 6. battery cell module (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the plurality of battery cells (10) are electrically connected in parallel with each other.
7. Batteriezellenmodul (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Temperatursensorelement (11 ) einen länglichen Körper (111) umfasst, der einen Innenraum (114) definiert. 7. battery cell module (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the temperature sensor element (11) comprises an elongate body (111) which defines an interior space (114).
8. Batteriezellenmodul (1 ) nach Anspruch 7, wobei sich ein Leiter (110) in dem Innenraum (114) entlang des Innenraums (114) erstreckt. 8. battery cell module (1) according to claim 7, wherein a conductor (110) extends in the interior (114) along the interior (114).
9. Batteriezellenmodul (1 ) nach Anspruch 8, wobei der Innenraum (114) durch eine den Leiter (110) umgebende Füllung (112) ausgefüllt ist. 9. battery cell module (1) according to claim 8, wherein the interior (114) surrounding the conductor (110) filling (112) is filled.
10. Batteriezellenmodul (1 ) nach Anspruch 9, wobei die Füllung (112) ein eutektisches Material umfasst. 10. battery cell module (1) according to claim 9, wherein the filling (112) comprises a eutectic material.
11 . Batteriezellenmodul (1 ) nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 10, wobei der längliche Körper (111 ) elektrisch leitfähig ist. 11 . Battery cell module (1) according to any one of claims 7 to 10, wherein the elongated body (111) is electrically conductive.
12. Batteriesystem (3), umfassend das Batteriezellenmodul (1 ) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche und eine Steuerungseinheit (2), die zum Erfassen von Sensorsignalen an das Temperatursensorelement (11 ) angeschlossen ist. 12. Battery system (3), comprising the battery cell module (1) according to one of the preceding claims and a control unit (2) which is connected to the temperature sensor element (11) for detecting sensor signals.
13. Batteriesystem (3) nach Anspruch 12, wobei die Steuerungseinheit (2) dazu ausgebildet ist, basierend auf den erfassten Sensorsignalen des Temperatursensorelements (11 ) eine elektrische Verbindung zwischen dem Batteriezellenmodul (1) und einem Leistungsanschluss (30) des Batteriesystems zu trennen. 13. Battery system (3) according to claim 12, wherein the control unit (2) is designed to separate an electrical connection between the battery cell module (1) and a power connection (30) of the battery system based on the detected sensor signals of the temperature sensor element (11).
14. Batteriesystem (3) nach Anspruch 12 oder 13, umfassend mehrere Batteriezellenmodule (1 ), jeweils nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11. 14. Battery system (3) according to claim 12 or 13, comprising a plurality of battery cell modules (1), each according to one of claims 1 to 11.
15. Luftfahrzeug (4), umfassend das Batteriesystem (3) nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 14 und eine elektrisch an das Batteriesystem (3) angeschlossene elektrische Maschine (40). 15. Aircraft (4) comprising the battery system (3) according to one of the claims 12 to 14 and an electrical machine (40) connected electrically to the battery system (3).
PCT/EP2022/056366 2021-03-31 2022-03-11 Battery cell module with a temperature sensor element WO2022207278A1 (en)

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US20120287960A1 (en) * 2011-05-12 2012-11-15 Thompson William W Leak detection apparatus for aircraft bleed air systems
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