WO2022206468A1 - 一种空间光传输方法及相关设备 - Google Patents

一种空间光传输方法及相关设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022206468A1
WO2022206468A1 PCT/CN2022/082177 CN2022082177W WO2022206468A1 WO 2022206468 A1 WO2022206468 A1 WO 2022206468A1 CN 2022082177 W CN2022082177 W CN 2022082177W WO 2022206468 A1 WO2022206468 A1 WO 2022206468A1
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Prior art keywords
light
spatial light
sta
space
spatial
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PCT/CN2022/082177
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
蔡文超
王伟杰
曾焱
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华为技术有限公司
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Priority to EP22778651.4A priority Critical patent/EP4304109A4/en
Publication of WO2022206468A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022206468A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/11—Arrangements specific to free-space transmission, i.e. transmission through air or vacuum
    • H04B10/112—Line-of-sight transmission over an extended range
    • H04B10/1129—Arrangements for outdoor wireless networking of information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/11—Arrangements specific to free-space transmission, i.e. transmission through air or vacuum
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/07—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/11—Arrangements specific to free-space transmission, i.e. transmission through air or vacuum
    • H04B10/114—Indoor or close-range type systems
    • H04B10/1149—Arrangements for indoor wireless networking of information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/50—Transmitters
    • H04B10/516—Details of coding or modulation

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of optical communications, and in particular, to a spatial optical transmission method and related equipment.
  • Space optical communication system refers to an optical communication system that uses laser light waves as the carrier and the atmosphere as the transmission medium.
  • the current space optical communication system is a point-to-point system, that is, an access point (Access Point, AP) and a station (Station, STA) are in a one-to-one correspondence.
  • the AP realizes the alignment and tracking of the STA by scanning the emitted spatial light.
  • this point-to-point spatial optical communication system has poor scalability, and in a scenario with a large number of STAs, more APs need to be configured, resulting in high system complexity.
  • the present application provides a spatial optical transmission method and related equipment.
  • the point-to-multipoint spatial optical communication is realized, and there is no need to configure a corresponding AP for each STA. Only one AP can perform spatial optical alignment and communication with multiple STAs, which simplifies the structure of the spatial optical communication system.
  • the present application provides a spatial optical transmission method applied to an AP, and the method includes the following steps.
  • AP first generates raw spatial light. Furthermore, the AP modulates the original spatial light according to the first modulation parameter to obtain the first spatial light, and modulates the original spatial light according to the second modulation parameter to obtain the second spatial light.
  • the AP needs to split the first space light and the second space light, and then adjust the deflection direction of the first space light to align the first STA, and adjust the deflection direction of the second space light to beam the second STA. alignment.
  • the first spatial light is transmitted along the first optical path
  • the second spatial light is transmitted along the second optical path.
  • the first modulation parameter is different from the second modulation parameter, so that the AP can distinguish the first STA and the second STA, so as to determine whether the AP and the first STA and the AP and the second STA achieve beam alignment respectively.
  • a point-to-multipoint spatial optical transmission method for the AP to perform spatial optical communication with multiple SATs.
  • the AP splits the spatial light sent to different STAs, adjusts the deflection direction of each spatial light to align with each STA, and each STA sends back light to the AP according to the optical path returned by the original path. Since the AP adopts different modulation parameters for the spatial light sent to different STAs, it is convenient for the AP to identify the return light of each STA to determine whether beam alignment with each STA is achieved.
  • the difference between the first modulation parameter of the first spatial light and the second modulation parameter of the second spatial light includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: 1.
  • the time period for emitting the first spatial light and the The time periods of the two space lights are different.
  • the first flickering frequency of the first space light is different from the second flickering frequency of the second space light.
  • the first wavelength of the first spatial light is different from the second wavelength of the second spatial light.
  • the first light intensity of the first space light is different from the second light intensity of the second space light.
  • a variety of modulation parameter types are listed to make the scheme more practical.
  • the method further includes: the AP receiving the first echo from the first STA and receiving the second echo from the second STA.
  • the transmission path of the first return light and the first space light is the same, and the transmission path of the second return light and the second space light is the same.
  • the AP identifies the first return light according to the first modulation parameter, and identifies the second return light according to the second modulation parameter. If the AP recognizes the return light, it means that the STA corresponding to the return light has completed the beam alignment with the AP.
  • the first STA and the second STA can send back light to the AP respectively based on the reversibility of the optical path, and then the AP can identify the returned light of the first STA and the second STA respectively, which improves the practicability of this solution. .
  • the method further includes: the AP determines a first filtering mode adopted by the first STA and a second filtering mode adopted by the second STA.
  • the first STA filters the first spatial light in the first filtering manner to obtain the first return light, and sends the first return light to the AP.
  • the second STA filters the second spatial light in the second filtering manner to obtain the second return light, and sends the second return light to the AP.
  • the transmission path of the first return light and the first space light is the same, and the transmission path of the second return light and the second space light is the same.
  • the AP identifies the return light of the first STA according to the first filtering method, and identifies the returning light of the second STA according to the second filtering method.
  • the first STA and the second SAT can also use different filtering methods to further modulate the spatial light received by them, thereby This enables the AP to better distinguish the echo light of the first STA from the echo light of the second STA.
  • the method further includes: the AP modulates the original spatial light to obtain the third spatial light, and adjusts the deflection direction of the third spatial light to send the third spatial light to the third STA, so as to improve the efficiency of this solution. Extensibility.
  • the third modulation parameter of the third spatial light is different from the first modulation parameter and the second modulation parameter.
  • the original space light may be beacon light dedicated for beam alignment, or communication light used for optical communication, which improves the flexibility of the solution.
  • the present application provides a spatial optical transmission method applied to a STA, and the method includes the following steps.
  • the STA receives the original spatial light sent by the AP.
  • the STA determines the first modulation parameter, and modulates the original spatial light according to the first modulation parameter to obtain the first spatial light.
  • the STA sends the first spatial light to the AP, wherein the transmission path of the first spatial light and the original spatial light is the same.
  • the STA directly reflects the spatial light from the AP back to the light.
  • the STA modulates the received spatial light and then returns the light to the AP.
  • this solution can be extended to a point-to-multipoint spatial optical transmission system, that is, different STAs use different modulation methods for the same spatial light from the AP to return light, so that the AP can easily perform the return light from different STAs.
  • Differentiation only one AP can perform spatial optical alignment and communication with multiple STAs, which simplifies the structure of the spatial optical communication system.
  • the first modulation parameter includes a first flickering frequency, a first wavelength and/or a first light intensity.
  • a variety of modulation parameter types are listed to make the scheme more practical.
  • the STA determining the first modulation parameter includes: the STA receives an indication message sent by the AP. Furthermore, the STA determines the first modulation parameter according to the indication message. In the above manner, the AP and the STA can negotiate the first modulation parameter in advance, so as to ensure that the modulation parameters allocated by the AP to each STA are different, and to avoid a conflict in which different STAs use the same modulation parameter for echoing.
  • the STA determining the first modulation parameter includes: the STA selects the first modulation parameter from a locally stored modulation parameter set. In the above manner, another manner for the STA to determine the first modulation parameter is provided, which improves the flexibility of this solution.
  • the method further includes: if the AP does not recognize the first spatial light within a preset time period, it means that there are other STAs that also use the same modulation parameter to return light. Then, the STA may reselect the second modulation parameter from the modulation parameter set, and modulate the original spatial light according to the second modulation parameter to obtain the second spatial light. Further, the STA sends the second spatial light to the AP, wherein the transmission path of the second spatial light and the original spatial light is the same. In the above manner, the STA can flexibly change the modulation parameters to echo back to the AP, which avoids the conflict caused by different STAs using the same modulation parameters to echo back.
  • the present application provides an AP, including a light source, a light modulation device, a light splitting device, and a beam deflection device.
  • This light source first generates the original space light.
  • the light modulation device modulates the original spatial light to obtain the first spatial light, and modulates the original spatial light to obtain the second spatial light.
  • the first modulation parameter of the first spatial light is different from the second modulation parameter of the second spatial light.
  • the light splitting device is used for splitting the first space light and the second space light.
  • the beam deflecting device is configured to adjust the deflection direction of the first spatial light to send the first spatial light to the first STA, and adjust the deflection direction of the second spatial light to send the second spatial light to the second STA.
  • the first spatial light is transmitted along the first optical path
  • the second spatial light is transmitted along the second optical path.
  • the difference between the first modulation parameter of the first spatial light and the second modulation parameter of the second spatial light includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: 1.
  • the time period for emitting the first spatial light and the The time periods of the two space lights are different.
  • the first flickering frequency of the first space light is different from the second flickering frequency of the second space light.
  • the first wavelength of the first spatial light is different from the second wavelength of the second spatial light.
  • the first light intensity of the first space light is different from the second light intensity of the second space light.
  • a variety of modulation parameter types are listed to make the scheme more practical.
  • the AP also includes a photodetector.
  • the photodetector is used to identify the first return light from the first STA according to the first modulation parameter, and identify the second return light from the second STA according to the second modulation parameter.
  • the transmission path of the first return light and the first space light is the same, and the transmission path of the second return light and the second space light is the same.
  • the AP also includes a photodetector.
  • the light detector is used to determine the first filter mode adopted by the first STA and the second filter mode adopted by the second STA. After that, the photodetector is used to receive the first return light from the first STA and receive the second return light from the second STA.
  • the first return light is obtained by filtering the first spatial light by the first STA according to the first filtering method
  • the second returning light is obtained by filtering the second spatial light by the second STA according to the second filtering method.
  • the transmission path of the first return light and the first space light is the same, and the transmission path of the second return light and the second space light is the same.
  • the light detector is used for identifying the return light of the first STA according to the first filtering method, and identifying the returning light of the second STA according to the second filtering method.
  • the processor is further configured to modulate the original spatial light to obtain the third spatial light.
  • the beam deflecting device is further configured to adjust the deflection direction of the third spatial light to send the third spatial light to the third STA.
  • the third modulation parameter of the third spatial light is different from the first modulation parameter and the second modulation parameter.
  • the original space light may be beacon light dedicated for beam alignment, or communication light used for optical communication, which improves the flexibility of the solution.
  • the present application provides an STA, including a light return device and a light modulation device.
  • the return light device is used to receive the original space light sent by the access point AP.
  • the light modulation device is used to determine the first modulation parameter, and modulate the original spatial light according to the first modulation parameter to obtain the first spatial light.
  • the light return device is further configured to send the first spatial light to the AP, wherein the transmission path of the first spatial light and the original spatial light is the same.
  • the first modulation parameter includes a first flickering frequency, a first wavelength and/or a first light intensity.
  • the light modulation apparatus is specifically configured to determine the first modulation parameter according to the indication message from the AP.
  • the light modulation device is specifically configured to select the first modulation parameter from a locally stored modulation parameter set.
  • the light modulation device is further configured to select a second modulation parameter from the modulation parameter set, and perform a second modulation parameter on the original spatial light according to the second modulation parameter.
  • the second spatial light is obtained by modulation, and the second spatial light is sent to the AP.
  • the transmission path of the second space light and the original space light is the same.
  • the present application provides a spatial optical communication system, including an AP, a first STA and a second STA.
  • the AP is used to generate the original space light, modulate the original space light to obtain the first space light, and modulate the original space light to obtain the second space light.
  • the first modulation parameter of the first spatial light is different from the second modulation parameter of the second spatial light.
  • the AP is also used to split the first spatial light and the second spatial light, adjust the deflection direction of the first spatial light to send the first spatial light to the first STA, and adjust the deflection direction of the second spatial light to send the second spatial light to the second STA.
  • the STA sends second spatial light, wherein the first spatial light is transmitted along the first optical path, and the second spatial light is transmitted along the second optical path.
  • the first STA is used to send the first return light to the AP, and the transmission path of the first return light and the first spatial light is the same.
  • the second STA is used to send the second return light to the AP, and the transmission path of the second return light and the second spatial light is the same.
  • the AP is further configured to identify the first return light according to the first modulation parameter, and identify the second return light according to the second modulation parameter.
  • the present application provides a spatial optical communication system, including an AP, a first STA and a second STA.
  • the AP is used to split the original space light to obtain the first space light and the second space light, adjust the deflection direction of the first space light to send the first space light to the first STA, and adjust the second space light
  • the direction is deflected to transmit the second spatial light to the second STA.
  • the first STA is configured to modulate the first spatial light according to the first modulation parameter to obtain the first return light, and send the first return light to the AP, where the transmission path of the first spatial light and the first return light is the same.
  • the second STA is configured to modulate the second spatial light according to the second modulation parameter to obtain the second return light, and send the second return light to the AP, where the transmission path of the second spatial light and the second return light is the same.
  • the first modulation parameter is different from the second modulation parameter.
  • the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, where the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, wherein, when the computer program is executed by hardware, any one of the methods in the first aspect and the second aspect can be implemented some or all of the steps.
  • a point-to-multipoint spatial optical transmission method is provided, which is used for spatial optical communication between an AP and multiple SATs.
  • the AP splits the spatial light sent to different STAs, adjusts the deflection direction of each spatial light to align with each STA, and each STA sends back light to the AP according to the optical path returned by the original path. Since the AP adopts different modulation parameters for the spatial light sent to different STAs, it is convenient for the AP to identify the return light of each STA to determine whether beam alignment with each STA is achieved.
  • FIG. 1 is a first schematic diagram of a space optical communication system in an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the spatial optical transmission method in the application
  • FIG. 3 is a second schematic diagram of a space optical communication system in an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a spectroscopic device in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the spatial optical transmission method in the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a third schematic diagram of a space optical communication system in an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 7 is a fourth schematic diagram of a space optical communication system in an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a possible AP in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a possible STA in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of another possible AP in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of another possible STA in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a space optical communication system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a spatial optical transmission method and related equipment. It is used for spatial optical alignment between the AP and multiple STAs, which simplifies the structure of the spatial optical communication system.
  • first and second in the description and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, rather than limiting a specific sequence or sequence. It is to be understood that the above terms are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments described herein can be practiced in sequences other than those described herein.
  • the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.
  • a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units expressly listed, but may include steps or units not expressly listed or for such process, method, product or Other steps or units inherent to the device.
  • FIG. 1 is a first schematic diagram of a space optical communication system in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the spatial optical communication system includes an AP (10) and multiple STAs, for example, the multiple STAs include STA (20), STA (30), STA (40), STA (50) and STA (60) ), etc., that is, the present application is applied to a point-to-multipoint space optical communication system.
  • the AP and each STA can normally perform spatial optical communication only on the premise that the AP is aligned with each STA beam. Specifically, the AP needs to transmit the corresponding spatial light to each STA to track and align each STA.
  • the STA can return light to the AP according to the light path returned by the original path. Further, the AP identifies the return light of the STA to determine that the beam alignment with the STA is achieved. However, since the AP will receive echoes from multiple STAs, the AP needs to identify each echo it receives, so as to determine the STA that it is aligned with. For this reason, this scheme needs to use different modulation modes for each path of spatial light to distinguish.
  • the transmission method of spatial light provided by the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below.
  • the implementation manner of modulating the multi-path spatial light can be mainly divided into three types. The first is to modulate each path of spatial light by the AP. The second is to modulate the corresponding spatial light by each STA. The third type, AP and each STA jointly participate in the modulation of spatial light. It should be understood that the present application does not limit the specific number of STAs in the point-to-multipoint spatial optical communication system. For ease of introduction, the above implementation manners are described in detail below mainly by taking two STAs in the system as an example.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the spatial optical transmission method in the present application.
  • each path of spatial light is modulated by the AP, and the spatial light transmission method includes the following steps.
  • the AP modulates the original spatial light respectively to obtain the first spatial light corresponding to STA1 and the second spatial light corresponding to STA2.
  • the spatial light transmitted by the AP to STA1 and STA2 needs to adopt different modulation modes, so that the AP can distinguish the returned light of STA1 and STA2.
  • the AP modulates the original spatial light by using the first modulation parameter to obtain the first spatial light corresponding to STA1.
  • the AP modulates the original spatial light by using the second modulation parameter to obtain the second spatial light corresponding to STA2.
  • the modulation parameters used by the AP to modulate the original spatial light can be of multiple types, and the situation where the first modulation parameter and the second modulation parameter are different includes but is not limited to at least one of the following:
  • the time period for emitting the first spatial light is different from the time period for emitting the second spatial light. That is to say, the modulation method of time-division transmission is adopted for the spatial light sent to the first STA and the spatial light sent to the second STA.
  • the first flickering frequency of the first space light is different from the second flickering frequency of the second space light.
  • the number of blinks per second of the first space light and the second space light is different.
  • the first wavelength of the first spatial light is different from the second wavelength of the second spatial light. It should be understood that the above-mentioned first wavelength and second wavelength may be a specific wavelength or a wavelength range, which is not specifically limited here.
  • the first light intensity of the first space light is different from the second light intensity of the second space light.
  • the first STA and the second STA may be distinguished by only one type of modulation parameter described above.
  • the first STA and the second STA may also be distinguished by combining the above-mentioned various types of modulation parameters.
  • the AP may transmit the original spatial light to the first STA and the second STA respectively in a time-division transmission manner, and do not perform other types of modulation on the original spatial light.
  • the AP may also perform other types of modulation on the original spatial light on the basis of time-sharing transmission, for example, the wavelengths of the first spatial light and the second spatial light are different.
  • the problem that it is difficult to distinguish the return light of STA1 and the return light of STA2 due to insufficient time synchronization precision of the AP can be avoided.
  • the first spatial light and the second spatial light can also be modulated to the same wavelength.
  • the main purpose is to avoid interference from background light such as sunlight and lights in the space.
  • the spatial light used in the embodiments of the present application may be beacon light specially used for beam alignment, or may be communication light used for optical communication. It should be understood that the beacon light and the communication light are lights with different frequency bands. That is, the beacon light source and the communication light source may be integrated in the AP in this embodiment of the present application, or only the communication light source may be set, which is not specifically limited here.
  • the AP splits the first spatial light and the second spatial light by using a light splitting device.
  • FIG. 3 is a second schematic diagram of a space optical communication system in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the light source 101 is used to output spatial light with different modulation parameters, for example, the first spatial light and the second spatial light.
  • the light splitting device 102 is used for splitting the first spatial light and the second spatial light.
  • the beam deflection device 104 is used to adjust the deflection directions of the first spatial light and the second spatial light, so as to perform beam alignment on STA1 and STA2, respectively.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a light splitting device in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the spectroscopic device 102 includes a reflection mirror 102a, a beam splitter 102b, and a beam splitter 102c.
  • the spatial light output by the light source 101 will first be reflected by the reflector 102a.
  • the spatial light reaching the beam splitter 102b will be split, one of which is reflected to the beam deflecting device 104, and the other is transmitted to the beam splitter 102c.
  • the spatial light reaching the beam splitter 102b will be split, one of which is reflected to the beam deflecting device 104, and the other is transmitted to the light blocking plate 102d.
  • FIG. 4 is only an example of an optical path implementation.
  • various optical components such as reflectors, beam splitters, and dichroic mirrors can be used to build optical paths in various spatial positions.
  • the above-mentioned beam splitter 102b and beam splitter 102c perform beam splitting based on the energy of light.
  • the light source 101 may transmit the first spatial light and the second spatial light in a time-division manner.
  • the AP allocates a time period to each STA according to the current number of STAs.
  • STA1 corresponds to the first time period
  • STA2 corresponds to the second time period.
  • the light source 101 outputs the first spatial light during the first time period, and outputs the second spatial light during the second time period. Since the first spatial light and the second spatial light are sent in time division, it is convenient for the beam deflection device 104 to adjust the deflection directions of the first spatial light and the second spatial light respectively.
  • the above-mentioned beam splitter 102b and beam splitter 102c perform beam splitting based on the wavelength of light.
  • the wavelengths of the modulated first spatial light and the second spatial light should be different.
  • the beam splitter 102b is used to reflect the first spatial light and transmit the second spatial light.
  • the beam splitter 102c is used to reflect the second spatial light and transmit the spatial light of other wavelengths.
  • the first space light is transmitted to the beam deflection device 104 after being reflected by the first beam splitter 102b.
  • the second space light is also transmitted to the beam deflection device 104 after being reflected by the second beam splitter 102c.
  • the light source 101 can also emit the first space light and the second space light at the same time, and the beam deflecting device 104 distinguishes the first space light and the second space light by wavelength, so as to adjust the first space light and the second space light respectively.
  • the deflection direction of the second spatial light can also be used.
  • spectroscopic device in addition to the structure of the spectroscopic device described above, other forms of spectroscopic devices can also be used in practical applications, for example, light can be split by devices such as diffractive optical elements (Diffractive Optical Element, DOE), which are not specifically limited here. .
  • DOE diffractive Optical Element
  • a corresponding light source is configured for each STA, the first light source outputs the first spatial light, and the second light source outputs the second spatial light, which is not specifically limited here.
  • the AP adjusts the deflection direction of the first spatial light to perform beam alignment on STA1, and sends the first spatial light to STA1.
  • the position of STA1 may change due to movement. Therefore, the AP needs to adjust the deflection direction of the first spatial light to track and align the STA1. Furthermore, the first spatial light can be sent to STA1 along the first optical path after the beam is aligned.
  • the AP may acquire the position information of STA1 through a position detection device (not shown in FIG. 3 ) such as a charge coupled device (Charge Coupled Device, CCD) camera.
  • the position detection device may feed back the position information of STA1 to the beam deflection device 104 as shown in FIG. 3 , and the beam deflection device 104 adjusts the deflection direction of the first spatial light.
  • a position detection device such as a charge coupled device (Charge Coupled Device, CCD) camera.
  • CCD Charge Coupled Device
  • the beam deflection device 104 includes, but is not limited to, a deflection device of a Micro Electro Mechanical System (MEMS), a liquid crystal deflection device, an optical phased array, and the like.
  • MEMS Micro Electro Mechanical System
  • the above-mentioned spectroscopic device 102 and beam deflection device 104 are only two devices that are functionally divided. In practical applications, they can be two independent devices, or they can be combined into one device.
  • the light splitting device 102 adopts the structure shown in the above-mentioned FIG. 4
  • the beam deflecting device 104 adopts a MEMS deflection device.
  • the functions of the light splitting device 102 and the beam deflecting device 104 can be realized by using a liquid crystal deflection device. Specifically, a large light spot can be divided into a plurality of small light spots by the liquid crystal deflection device, and then the light beam corresponding to each small light spot is directed toward the light beam. Deflection in different directions.
  • the AP adjusts the deflection direction of the second spatial light to perform beam alignment on STA2, and sends the second spatial light to STA2.
  • the position of STA2 may also change due to movement, therefore, the AP needs to adjust the deflection direction of the second spatial light to track and align the beam to STA2. Furthermore, the second spatial light can be sent to STA1 along the second optical path after the beam is aligned. It should be understood that the manner of adjusting the deflection direction of the second spatial light is similar to the manner introduced in the foregoing step 202, and details are not described herein again.
  • the AP receives the echo light of STA1, and identifies the echo light of STA1.
  • STA1 after receiving the first spatial light from the AP, STA1 can return light to the AP according to the light path returned by the original path. Since the STA1 can receive the first spatial light from the AP, the AP can also receive the returned light from the STA1 on the optical path returned by the first spatial light. In a possible implementation, STA1 will be able to directly reflect back the first spatial light from the AP. For example, the STA1 reflects the first spatial light through a corner cube, so that the returning light of the STA1 can be transmitted to the AP according to the original return light path.
  • STA1 can also transmit return light through its own light source, and STA1 can also adjust the deflection direction of the return light, so that the return light can also be transmitted to the AP according to the return light path.
  • the return light of the STA1 should have the same modulation parameter as the first spatial light, so that the AP can identify the return light of the STA1.
  • the AP can identify the returning light through the light detector 103 as shown in FIG. 3 . Since the modulation parameters of the SAT1 return light are different from those of the STA2 return light, the AP can identify whether the received return light is from STA1 or STA2 according to the modulation parameters, and then it can be determined that the beam alignment with the AP is STA1.
  • the photodetectors include but are not limited to Position Sensitive Detector (PSD), Quadrant Photodiode (QPD), Photodiode (PD), Avalanche Photodiode (APD), etc. .
  • the AP receives the echo light of STA2, and identifies the echo light of STA2.
  • STA2 After STA2 receives the second spatial light from the AP, it can return light to the AP according to the light path returned by the original path. Since STA2 can receive the second spatial light from the AP, the AP can also receive the returned light from STA2 on the optical path returned by the second spatial light. It should be understood that the way of returning light of STA2 and the way of identifying the return light of STA2 by the AP are similar to the way introduced in the foregoing step 204, and details are not repeated here.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the spatial optical transmission method in the present application.
  • each STA modulates the corresponding spatial light
  • the spatial light transmission method includes the following steps.
  • the AP sends the original spatial light to STA1 and STA2 respectively.
  • the AP sends spatial light with the same modulation parameter to STA1 and STA2.
  • the light source 101 is only used to output the original space light.
  • the original space light is divided into two paths after passing through the beam splitting device 102 , one of which is aimed at STA1 after passing through the beam deflecting device 104 , and the other is aimed at STA2 after passing through the beam deflection device 104 .
  • STA1 determines a first modulation parameter.
  • STA2 determines the second modulation parameter.
  • STA1 and STA2 need to determine modulation parameters for modulating the original spatial light respectively.
  • the first modulation parameter determined by STA1 is different from the second modulation parameter determined by STA2, so that the AP can distinguish the echoes of STA1 and STA2.
  • the description about the first modulation parameter and the second modulation parameter is similar to the description of step 201 in the above-mentioned embodiment shown in FIG. 2 , and details are not repeated here.
  • STA1 and STA2 may determine respective modulation parameters in various manners, which will be further introduced below.
  • One modulation parameter is different from the second modulation parameter.
  • a communication system different from the above-mentioned spatial optical transmission system may be used between the AP and STA1 and STA2 to negotiate modulation parameters.
  • OCC optical camera communication
  • STA1 and STA2 each store the set of modulation parameters.
  • STA1 and STA2 may randomly select a modulation parameter from the respective modulation parameter sets for modulating the received original spatial light.
  • STA1 and STA2 modulate the original spatial light with the modulation parameters selected by themselves, they will return light to the AP according to the light path returned by the original path. If the AP receives and recognizes a certain path of return light, the AP can determine that the STA corresponding to the return light has achieved beam alignment, and then the AP will send an online notification to the STA.
  • STA1 modulates the original spatial light according to the first modulation parameter to obtain the first spatial light.
  • STA2 modulates the original spatial light according to the second modulation parameter to obtain the second spatial light.
  • FIG. 6 is a third schematic diagram of a space optical communication system in an embodiment of the present application.
  • STA1 20
  • STA2 30
  • the filter 201 is used for filtering the original space light to obtain the first space light with the first wavelength
  • the filter 301 is used for filtering the original space light to obtain the second space light with the second wavelength.
  • the STA may also select a corresponding modulator to perform modulation according to the type of modulation parameter.
  • the types of modulators include, but are not limited to, multiple quantum well modulators, ferroelectric liquid crystal modulators, phase modulators, and the like.
  • the AP receives the returned light of STA1.
  • the AP receives the returned light of STA2.
  • STA1 and STA2 will return light to the AP according to the light path returned by the original path.
  • STA1 and STA2 can return light to the AP by way of reflection from a corner cube, so that the returned light can be transmitted to the AP according to the original return light path.
  • STA1 and STA2 may also emit back light through respective light sources. That is, the light source of STA1 emits the first spatial light and adjusts the deflection direction of the first spatial light, so that the first spatial light is transmitted to the AP according to the optical path returned by the original path.
  • the light source of STA2 emits the second spatial light and adjusts the deflection direction of the second spatial light, so that the second spatial light is transmitted to the AP according to the optical path returned by the original path.
  • the AP identifies the echoes of STA1 and STA2 respectively.
  • the AP After receiving the return light from the STA, the AP can identify the STA corresponding to each return light according to the modulation parameter, so as to determine the STA that achieves beam alignment with the AP.
  • FIG. 2 and FIG. 5 respectively introduce two different implementations in which the spatial light is modulated by the AP and the spatial light is modulated by the STA.
  • the above two implementations can also be combined, so that the AP can distinguish more STAs, so that it can be extended to application scenarios with a larger number of STAs.
  • the following takes four STAs as an example to introduce an implementation manner in which the AP and each STA jointly participate in spatial light modulation.
  • FIG. 7 is a fourth schematic diagram of a space optical communication system in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the spatial optical communication system includes AP ( 10 ), STA1 ( 20 ), STA2 ( 30 ), STA3 ( 40 ) and STA4 ( 50 ).
  • the AP can group STA1-STA4 according to the modulation capability of each STA.
  • the spatial light sent by the AP to the STAs in the same group adopts the same modulation parameter
  • the spatial light sent to the STAs in different groups adopts different modulation parameters.
  • the STAs in the same group use different modulation parameters to return light.
  • STA1-STA4 can be divided into two groups, group 1 includes STA1 and STA2, and group 2 includes STA3 and STA4.
  • the AP sends the first spatial light to STA1 and STA2, and sends the second spatial light to STA3 and STA4.
  • the modulation parameters of the first spatial light and the second spatial light are different. After STA1 and STA2 receive the first spatial light, they will use different modulation methods to return light. After STA3 and STA4 receive the second spatial light, they will also use different modulation methods to return light.
  • STA1, STA2, STA3, and STA4 are distinguished by the modulation of spatial light by the AP, and STA1 and STA2 are further distinguished from the modulation of spatial light by each STA, and STA3 and STA4 are also distinguished. Therefore, the AP can identify after receiving the return light of each STA, so as to determine the STA that achieves beam alignment with the AP.
  • the internal structure of the AP and the implementation of the spatial light modulation by the AP can refer to the relevant introduction of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 above, and the internal structure of the STA and the implementation of the STA to modulate the spatial light can refer to the above figure. The related introduction of the embodiment shown in 5 will not be repeated here.
  • a point-to-multipoint spatial optical transmission method is provided, which is used for spatial optical communication between an AP and multiple SATs.
  • the AP splits the spatial light sent to different STAs, adjusts the deflection direction of each spatial light to align with each STA, and each STA sends back light to the AP according to the optical path returned by the original path. Since the AP adopts different modulation parameters for the spatial light sent to different STAs, it is convenient for the AP to identify the return light of each STA to determine whether beam alignment with each STA is achieved.
  • the STA in this solution can modulate the received spatial light before returning the light to the AP.
  • different STAs will use different modulation parameters to return light to the AP.
  • the AP can distinguish the return light of each STA. That is to say, this solution is not limited to the improvement on the AP side, and each STA that communicates with the AP can also modulate the return light. Therefore, combined with the improvement of STA, the realization of point-to-multipoint spatial optical communication is expanded.
  • the spatial optical transmission method in the embodiment of the present application is described above, and the AP and the STA in the embodiment of the present application are described below.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a possible AP in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the AP includes a light source 801 , a beam splitting device 802 , a photodetector 803 and a beam deflection device 804 .
  • the light source 801 is used to perform the operation of step 201 in the above-mentioned embodiment shown in FIG. 2 or the operation of step 501 in the above-mentioned embodiment shown in FIG. 5 .
  • the light source 801 is a light source with a modulation function, that is, the light source 801 can modulate the original spatial light generated by itself.
  • the light source 801 may also be a light source without modulation function, then the AP further includes a light modulation device 805, and the light modulation device 805 is used to modulate the original spatial light output by the light source 801.
  • the spectroscopic device 802 is configured to perform the operation of step 202 in the above-mentioned embodiment shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the beam deflecting device 804 is used to perform the operations of steps 203-204 in the above-mentioned embodiment shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the light detector 803 is configured to perform the operations performed by the AP in steps 205-206 in the above-mentioned embodiment shown in FIG. 2 or the operation in step 508 in the above-mentioned embodiment shown in FIG. 5 .
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a possible STA in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the STA includes a light return device 901 , and optionally, the STA may further include a light modulation device 902 .
  • the light-returning device 901 is configured to perform the operations performed by the STA in steps 205-206 in the above-mentioned embodiment shown in FIG. 2 or the operations in steps 506-507 in the above-mentioned embodiment shown in FIG. 5 .
  • the light modulation device 902 is configured to perform the operations of steps 504-505 in the above-mentioned embodiment shown in FIG. 5 .
  • the STA is also provided with a light source and a beam deflecting device similar to that shown in FIG. 8 above, which are specifically used by the STA to transmit spatial light to the AP for beam alignment, which is similar to the implementation of the AP. , which is not described in detail here.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of another possible AP in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the AP includes a processor 1001 , a memory 1002 and an optical transceiver 1003 .
  • the processor 1001, the memory 1002, and the optical transceiver 1003 are connected to each other by lines, wherein the memory 1002 is used to store program instructions and data.
  • Optical transceiver 1003 includes a transmitter and a receiver.
  • the memory 1002 stores program instructions and data supporting the steps in the embodiments shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 5
  • the processor 1001 and the optical transceiver 1003 are used to execute the embodiments shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 5 .
  • Method steps on the AP side Specifically, the optical transceiver 1001 is used for performing the operation of light beam transceiving, and the processor 1001 is used for performing other operations except for the light beam transceiving.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of another possible STA in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the STA includes a processor 1101 , a memory 1102 and an optical transceiver 1103 .
  • the processor 1101, the memory 1102, and the optical transceiver 1103 are connected to each other by wires, wherein the memory 1102 is used to store program instructions and data.
  • Optical transceiver 1103 includes a transmitter and a receiver.
  • the memory 1102 stores program instructions and data supporting the steps in the embodiments shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 5
  • the processor 1101 and the optical transceiver 1103 are used to execute the embodiments shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 5 .
  • Method steps on the STA side Specifically, the optical transceiver 1101 is used to perform operations of light beam transceiving, and the processor 1101 is used to perform other operations except for light beam transceiving.
  • the processors shown in FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 may adopt a general-purpose central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit ASIC, or at least one integrated circuit for Relevant programs are executed to realize the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application.
  • the memory shown in Figures 10 and 11 above may store operating systems and other applications.
  • program codes for implementing the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application are stored in a memory and executed by a processor.
  • a memory may be included within the processor.
  • the processor and memory are two separate structures.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a space optical communication system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the space optical communication system includes at least AP (1201), STA1 (1202) and STA2 (1203).
  • the AP ( 1201 ) is configured to execute part or all of the steps of any one of the methods performed by the AP in the embodiments shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 5 .
  • STA1 (1202) is configured to execute part or all of the steps of any one of the methods performed by the STA in the above-mentioned embodiments shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 5 .
  • STA2 (1203) is configured to execute some or all of the steps of any one of the methods performed by the STA in the above-mentioned embodiments shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 5 .
  • the above-mentioned processing unit or processor may be a central processing unit, a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices , transistor logic devices, hardware components, or any combination thereof.
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions.
  • the computer may be a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, computer network, or other programmable device.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer readable storage medium to another computer readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be downloaded from a website site, computer, server or data center Transmission to another website site, computer, server, or data center is by wire (eg, coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (eg, infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.).
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, etc. that includes an integration of one or more available media.
  • the usable media may be magnetic media (eg, floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (eg, DVD), or semiconductor media (eg, Solid State Disk (SSD)), and the like.

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Abstract

本申请实施例公开了一种空间光传输方法及相关设备。本申请实施例方法包括：接入点AP生成原始空间光。进而，AP根据第一调制参数对原始空间光进行调制得到第一空间光，并根据第二调制参数对原始空间光进行调制得到第二空间光。AP需要对第一空间光和第二空间光进行分路，再调节第一空间光的偏转方向以对第一STA进行光束对准，调节第二空间光的偏转方向以对第二STA进行光束对准。其中，第一空间光沿第一光路传输，第二空间光沿第二光路传输。通过上述方式，相对于点对点的空间光通信系统，无需为每个STA都配置对应的AP，仅用一个AP就可以对多个STA进行空间光的对准和通信，简化了空间光通信系统的结构。

Description

一种空间光传输方法及相关设备
本申请要求于2021年3月31日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号202110352446.0、申请名称为“一种空间光传输方法及相关设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及光通信领域，尤其涉及一种空间光传输方法及相关设备。
背景技术
空间光通信系统是指以激光光波作为载波，大气作为传输介质的光通信系统。其中，如何实现光束的获取、追踪和对准(Acquistion、tracking and pointing，ATP)，是自由空间光通信的核心问题。目前的空间光通信系统是点到点的系统，即接入点(Access Point，AP)与站点(Station，STA)是一一对应的关系。AP通过对发射的空间光进行扫描以实现对STA的对准和跟踪。但是，这种点到点的空间光通信系统扩展性较差，在STA数量较多的场景下就需要配置较多的AP，导致系统的复杂度较高。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种空间光传输方法及相关设备。实现了点对多点的空间光通信，无需为每个STA都配置对应的AP，仅用一个AP就可以对多个STA进行空间光的对准和通信，简化了空间光通信系统的结构。
第一方面，本申请提供了一种应用于AP的空间光传输方法，该方法包括如下步骤。AP首先生成原始空间光。进而，AP根据第一调制参数对原始空间光进行调制得到第一空间光，并根据第二调制参数对原始空间光进行调制得到第二空间光。AP需要对第一空间光和第二空间光进行分路，再调节第一空间光的偏转方向以对第一STA进行光束对准，调节第二空间光的偏转方向以对第二STA进行光束对准。其中，第一空间光沿第一光路传输，第二空间光沿第二光路传输。第一调制参数与第二调制参数不同，以便于AP对第一STA和第二STA进行区分，从而可以分别确定AP与第一STA以及AP与第二STA是否实现光束对准。
在该实施方式中，提供了一种点对多点的空间光传输方法，用于AP与多个SAT进行空间光通信。具体地，AP会对发往不同STA的空间光进行分路，并调节每一路空间光的偏转方向以分别对准每个STA，每个STA都会按照原路返回的光路向AP发送回光。由于AP对发往不同STA的空间光采用不同的调制参数，便于AP对每个STA的回光进行识别以确定与每个STA是否实现了光束对准。通过上述方式，相对于点对点的空间光通信系统，无需为每个STA都配置对应的AP，仅用一个AP就可以对多个STA进行空间光的对准和通信，简化了空间光通信系统的结构。
在一些可能的实施方式中，第一空间光的第一调制参数和第二空间光的第二调制参数不同包括但不限于以下至少一项：1、发射第一空间光的时间段与发射第二空间光的时间段不同。 2、第一空间光的第一闪烁频率与第二空间光的第二闪烁频率不同。3、第一空间光的第一波长与第二空间光的第二波长不同。4、第一空间光的第一光强与第二空间光的第二光强不同。在该实施方式中，列举了多种调制参数的类型使得本方案更具有实用性。
在一些可能的实施方式中，方法还包括：AP接收来自第一STA的第一回光，并接收来自第二STA的第二回光。其中，第一回光与第一空间光的传输路径相同，第二回光与第二空间光的传输路径相同。进而，AP根据第一调制参数对第一回光进行识别，并根据第二调制参数对第二回光进行识别。若AP识别到回光则说明该回光对应的STA与AP完成了光束对准。通过上述方式，第一STA和第二STA可以基于光路的可逆性分别向AP进行回光，进而由AP分别对第一STA和第二STA的回光进行识别，提高了本方案的可实现性。
在一些可能的实施方式中，方法还包括：AP确定第一STA采用的第一滤光方式和第二STA采用的第二滤光方式。第一STA采用第一滤光方式对第一空间光进行滤光得到第一回光，并向AP发送第一回光。第二STA采用第二滤光方式对第二空间光进行滤光得到第二回光，并向AP发送第二回光。其中，第一回光与第一空间光的传输路径相同，第二回光与第二空间光的传输路径相同。进而，AP根据第一滤光方式对第一STA的回光进行识别，并根据第二滤光方式对第二STA的回光进行识别。通过上述方式，除了AP要对发往不同STA的空间光采用不同的调制方式外，第一STA和第二SAT也可以采用不同的滤光方式对各自收到的空间光进行进一步地调制，从而使得AP可以更好地对第一STA的回光和第二STA的回光进行区分。
在一些可能的实施方式中，方法还包括：AP对原始空间光进行调制得到第三空间光，并调节第三空间光的偏转方向以向第三STA发送第三空间光，以提高本方案的扩展性。其中，第三空间光的第三调制参数与第一调制参数和第二调制参数都不同。
在一些可能的实施方式中，原始空间光可以是专用于做光束对准的信标光，也可以是用于做光通信的通信光，提高了本方案的灵活性。
第二方面，本申请提供了一种应用于STA的空间光传输方法，该方法包括如下步骤。首先，STA接收AP发送的原始空间光。之后，STA确定第一调制参数，并根据第一调制参数对原始空间光进行调制得到第一空间光。进而，STA向AP发送第一空间光，其中，第一空间光与原始空间光的传输路径相同。通过上述方式，相对于点到点的空间光传输系统中STA对来自AP的空间光直接反射回光，本方案中STA会对收到的空间光进行调制后再向AP进行回光。因此，本方案可以扩展到点对多点的空间光传输系统中，即不同的STA对来自AP的同一种空间光采用不同的调制方式进行回光，从而便于AP对来自不同STA的回光进行区分，仅用一个AP就可以对多个STA进行空间光的对准和通信，简化了空间光通信系统的结构。
在一些可能的实施方式中，第一调制参数包括第一闪烁频率、第一波长和/或第一光强。在该实施方式中，列举了多种调制参数的类型使得本方案更具有实用性。
在一些可能的实施方式中，STA确定第一调制参数包括：STA接收AP发送的指示消息。进而，STA根据指示消息确定第一调制参数。通过上述方式，AP与STA可以预先协商好第一调制参数，以保证AP为每个STA分配的调制参数不同，避免不同STA采用相同的调制参数进行回光而冲突的情况。
在一些可能的实施方式中，STA确定第一调制参数包括：STA从本地存储的调制参数集合中选择第一调制参数。通过上述方式，提供了另一种STA确定第一调制参数的方式，提高了 本方案的灵活性。
在一些可能的实施方式中，方法还包括：若AP在预设时长内没有识别到第一空间光，则说明还有其他STA也采用了相同的调制参数进行回光。那么，STA可以从调制参数集合中重新选择第二调制参数，并根据第二调制参数对原始空间光进行调制得到第二空间光。进而，STA向AP发送第二空间光，其中，第二空间光与原始空间光的传输路径相同。通过上述方式，STA可以灵活地变换调制参数以对AP进行回光，避免了不同STA采用相同的调制参数进行回光而冲突的情况。
第三方面，本申请提供了一种AP，包括光源、光调制装置、分光装置和光束偏转装置。该光源首先生成原始空间光。之后，光调制装置对原始空间光进行调制得到第一空间光，并对原始空间光进行调制得到第二空间光。其中，第一空间光的第一调制参数与第二空间光的第二调制参数不同。分光装置用于对第一空间光和第二空间光进行分路。进而，光束偏转装置用于调节第一空间光的偏转方向以向第一STA发送第一空间光，并调节第二空间光的偏转方向以向第二STA发送第二空间光。其中，第一空间光沿第一光路传输，第二空间光沿第二光路传输。
在一些可能的实施方式中，第一空间光的第一调制参数和第二空间光的第二调制参数不同包括但不限于以下至少一项：1、发射第一空间光的时间段与发射第二空间光的时间段不同。2、第一空间光的第一闪烁频率与第二空间光的第二闪烁频率不同。3、第一空间光的第一波长与第二空间光的第二波长不同。4、第一空间光的第一光强与第二空间光的第二光强不同。在该实施方式中，列举了多种调制参数的类型使得本方案更具有实用性。
在一些可能的实施方式中，AP还包括光探测器。光探测器用于根据第一调制参数对来自第一STA的第一回光进行识别，并根据第二调制参数对来自第二STA的第二回光进行识别。其中，第一回光与第一空间光的传输路径相同，第二回光与第二空间光的传输路径相同。
在一些可能的实施方式中，AP还包括光探测器。光探测器用于确定第一STA采用的第一滤光方式和第二STA采用的第二滤光方式。之后，光探测器用于接收来自第一STA的第一回光，并接收来自第二STA的第二回光。其中，第一回光由第一STA根据第一滤光方式对第一空间光进行滤光得到，第二回光由第二STA根据第二滤光方式对第二空间光进行滤光得到，第一回光与第一空间光的传输路径相同，第二回光与第二空间光的传输路径相同。进而，光探测器用于根据第一滤光方式对第一STA的回光进行识别，并根据第二滤光方式对第二STA的回光进行识别。
在一些可能的实施方式中，处理器还用于对原始空间光进行调制得到第三空间光。光束偏转装置还用于调节第三空间光的偏转方向以向第三STA发送第三空间光。其中，第三空间光的第三调制参数与第一调制参数和第二调制参数都不同。
在一些可能的实施方式中，原始空间光可以是专用于做光束对准的信标光，也可以是用于做光通信的通信光，提高了本方案的灵活性。
第四方面，本申请提供了一种STA，包括回光装置和光调制装置。回光装置用于接收接入点AP发送的原始空间光。光调制装置用于确定第一调制参数，并根据第一调制参数对原始空间光进行调制得到第一空间光。回光装置还用于向AP发送第一空间光，其中，第一空间光与原始空间光的传输路径相同。
在一些可能的实施方式中，第一调制参数包括第一闪烁频率、第一波长和/或第一光强。
在一些可能的实施方式中，光调制装置具体用于根据来自AP的指示消息确定第一调制参数。
在一些可能的实施方式中，光调制装置具体用于从本地存储的调制参数集合中选择第一调制参数。
在一些可能的实施方式中，若AP在预设时长内没有识别到第一空间光，光调制装置还用于从调制参数集合中选择第二调制参数，根据第二调制参数对原始空间光进行调制得到第二空间光，并向AP发送第二空间光。其中，第二空间光与原始空间光的传输路径相同。
第五方面，本申请提供了一种空间光通信系统，包括AP、第一STA和第二STA。具体地，AP用于生成原始空间光，对原始空间光进行调制得到第一空间光，并对原始空间光进行调制得到第二空间光。其中，第一空间光的第一调制参数与第二空间光的第二调制参数不同。AP还用于对第一空间光和第二空间光进行分路，并调节第一空间光的偏转方向以向第一STA发送第一空间光，调节第二空间光的偏转方向以向第二STA发送第二空间光，其中，第一空间光沿第一光路传输，第二空间光沿第二光路传输。第一STA用于向AP发送第一回光，第一回光与第一空间光的传输路径相同。第二STA用于向AP发送第二回光，第二回光与第二空间光的传输路径相同。AP还用于根据第一调制参数对第一回光进行识别，并根据第二调制参数对第二回光进行识别。
第六方面，本申请提供了一种空间光通信系统，包括AP、第一STA和第二STA。具体地，AP用于对原始空间光进行分路得到第一空间光和第二空间光，并调节第一空间光的偏转方向以向第一STA发送第一空间光，调节第二空间光的偏转方向以向第二STA发送第二空间光。第一STA用于根据第一调制参数对第一空间光进行调制得到第一回光，并向AP发送第一回光，第一空间光与第一回光的传输路径相同。第二STA用于根据第二调制参数对第二空间光进行调制得到第二回光，并向AP发送第二回光，第二空间光与第二回光的传输路径相同。其中，第一调制参数与第二调制参数不同。
第七方面，本申请提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机程序，其中，计算机程序被硬件执行时能够实现上述第一方面和第二方面中的任意一种方法的部分或全部步骤。
本申请实施例中，提供了一种点对多点的空间光传输方法，用于AP与多个SAT进行空间光通信。具体地，AP会对发往不同STA的空间光进行分路，并调节每一路空间光的偏转方向以分别对准每个STA，每个STA都会按照原路返回的光路向AP发送回光。由于AP对发往不同STA的空间光采用不同的调制参数，便于AP对每个STA的回光进行识别以确定与每个STA是否实现了光束对准。通过上述方式，相对于点对点的空间光通信系统，无需为每个STA都配置对应的AP，仅用一个AP就可以对多个STA进行空间光的对准和通信，简化了空间光通信系统的结构。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例中空间光通信系统的第一种示意图；
图2为本申请中空间光传输方法的第一种实施例示意图；
图3为本申请实施例中空间光通信系统的第二种示意图；
图4为本申请实施例中分光装置的一种结构示意图；
图5为本申请中空间光传输方法的第二种实施例示意图；
图6为本申请实施例中空间光通信系统的第三种示意图；
图7为本申请实施例中空间光通信系统的第四种示意图；
图8为本申请实施例中一种可能的AP的结构示意图；
图9为本申请实施例中一种可能的STA的结构示意图；
图10为本申请实施例中另一种可能的AP的结构示意图；
图11为本申请实施例中另一种可能的STA的结构示意图；
图12为本申请实施例提供的一种空间光通信系统的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本申请实施例提供了一种空间光传输方法及相关设备。用于AP与多个STA之间进行空间光对准，简化了空间光通信系统的结构。需要说明的是，本申请说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”和“第二”等用于区别类似的对象，而非限定特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解，上述术语在适当情况下可以互换，以便在本申请描述的实施例能够以除了在本申请描述的内容以外的顺序实施。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。例如，包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元，而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
图1为本申请实施例中空间光通信系统的第一种示意图。如图1所示，该空间光通信系统包括AP(10)和多个STA，例如，多个STA包括STA(20)、STA(30)、STA(40)、STA(50)和STA(60)等，即本申请应用于点对多点的空间光通信系统。应理解，在AP与每个STA光束对准的前提下，AP和每个STA才可以正常进行空间光通信。具体地，AP需要向每个STA发射与之对应的空间光，以对每个STA进行跟踪和对准。若AP发射的空间光对准了某个STA，该STA可以按照原路返回的光路对AP进行回光。进而，AP对该STA的回光进行识别以确定与该STA实现了光束对准。然而，由于AP会接收到多个STA的回光，所以AP需要对其收到的每路回光进行识别，从而确定与之对准的STA。为此，本方案需要对每一路空间光采用不同的调制方式以进行区分。下面对本申请实施例提供的空间光的传输方法进行详细介绍。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中对多路空间光进行调制的实施方式主要可以分为三种类型。第一种、由AP对每一路空间光进行调制。第二种、由每个STA对与之对应的空间光进行调制。第三种、AP和每个STA共同参与空间光的调制。应理解，本申请不限定该点到多点的空间光通信系统中STA的具体数量。为了便于介绍，下面主要以该系统中具有两个STA为例分别对上述实现方式进行详细介绍。
图2为本申请中空间光传输方法的第一种实施例示意图。在该示例中，由AP对每一路空间光进行调制，空间光传输方法包括如下步骤。
201、AP对原始空间光分别进行调制得到与STA1对应的第一空间光和与STA2对应的第二空间光。
本实施例中，AP向STA1和STA2发射的空间光需要采用不同的调制方式，以便于AP对STA1和STA2的回光进行区分。具体地，AP采用第一调制参数对原始空间光进行调制得到与STA1对应的第一空间光。AP采用第二调制参数对原始空间光进行调制得到与STA2对应的第二空间光。应理解，AP对原始空间光进行调制所采用的调制参数可以有多种类型，第一调制参数和第二调制参数不同的情况包括但不限于以下至少一项：
1、发射第一空间光的时间段与发射第二空间光的时间段不同。也即是说，对发往第一STA的空间光和发往第二STA的空间光采用分时发送的调制方式。
2、第一空间光的第一闪烁频率与第二空间光的第二闪烁频率不同。例如，第一空间光与第二空间光每秒的闪烁次数不同。
3、第一空间光的第一波长与第二空间光的第二波长不同。应理解，上述的第一波长和第二波长可以是一个具体的波长，也可以是一段波长范围，具体此处不做限定。
4、第一空间光的第一光强与第二空间光的第二光强不同。
上述列举了多种调制参数的类型，应理解，在实际应用中，可以仅通过上述某一种类型的调制参数来区分第一STA和第二STA。此外，若想实现更好的区分效果，也可以结合上述多种不同类型的调制参数来区分第一STA和第二STA。在一种可能的实施方式种，AP可以只通过分时发送的方式分别向第一STA和第二STA发送原始空间光，并不对原始空间光进行其他类型的调制。在另一种可能的实施方式种，AP也可以在分时发送的基础上对原始空间光进行其他类型的调制，例如，第一空间光和第二空间光的波长不同。通过这种方式，可以避免因AP时间同步精度不够而不容易区分STA1回光和STA2回光的问题。此外，若AP的时间同步精度很好，也可以将第一空间光和第二空间光调制到同一波长，主要目的是为了避免空间种太阳光和灯光等背景光的干扰。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例所采用的空间光可以是专用于做光束对准的信标光，也可以是用于做光通信的通信光。应理解，信标光和通信光是频段不同的光。即本申请实施例的AP中可以集成信标光源和通信光源，也可以只设置通信光源，具体此处不做限定。
202、AP通过分光装置对第一空间光和第二空间光进行分路。
本实施例中，AP可以仅采用一个光源来输出不同调制参数的空间光。AP通过分光装置对发往不同STA的空间光进行分路。下面结合AP的结构对该实施方式进行介绍。图3为本申请实施例中空间光通信系统的第二种示意图。如图3所示，光源101用于输出不同调制参数的空间光，例如，如第一空间光和第二空间光。分光装置102用于对第一空间光和第二空间光进行分路。进而，光束偏转装置104用于调节第一空间光和第二空间光的偏转方向，以分别对STA1和STA2进行光束对准。
图4为本申请实施例中分光装置的一种结构示意图。如图4所示，分光装置102包括反射镜102a、分光镜102b和分光镜102c。具体地，光源101输出的空间光会先经过反射镜102a进行反射。到达分光镜102b的空间光会进行分路，其中一路反射至光束偏转装置104，另一路透射至分光镜102c。同理，到达分光镜102b的空间光会进行分路，其中一路反射至光束偏转装置104，另一路透射至挡光板102d。通过这种方式可以对发往不同STA的空间光进行 分路。应理解，上述图4只是一种光路实现方式的举例，在实际应用中可以用反射镜、分光镜、二向色镜等各种光学元件搭建各种不同空间位置的光路。
在一种可能的实施方式中，上述分光镜102b和分光镜102c是基于光的能量进行分光的。为此，光源101可以采用时分的方式来发送第一空间光和第二空间光。具体地，AP根据当前的STA个数为每个STA分配时间段，例如，STA1对应第一时间段，STA2对应第二时间段。光源101在第一时间段输出第一空间光，并在第二时间段输出第二空间光。由于第一空间光和第二空间光是分时发送的，便于光束偏转装置104分别调节第一空间光和第二空间光的偏转方向。
在另一种可能的实施方式中，上述分光镜102b和分光镜102c是基于光的波长进行分光的。为此，经过调制的第一空间光和第二空间光的波长应当不同。具体地，分光镜102b用于反射第一空间光并透射第二空间光。分光镜102c用于反射第二空间光并透射其他波长的空间光。第一空间光经过第一分光镜102b的反射后传输至光束偏转装置104。第二空间光经过第二分光镜102c的反射后同样传输至光束偏转装置104。通过这种波分的方式，光源101也可以同时发射第一空间光和第二空间光，光束偏转装置104通过波长来区分第一空间光和第二空间光，从而分别调节第一空间光和第二空间光的偏转方向。
应理解，除了上述介绍的分光装置的结构，在实际应用中还可以有其他形式的分光装置，例如还可以通过衍射光学元件(Difractive Optical Element，DOE)等器件来分光，具体此处不做限定。此外，除了上述介绍的单光源的实施方式，在实际应用中也可以采用多光源的实施方式。例如，为每个STA都配置与之对应的光源，第一光源输出第一空间光，第二光源输出第二空间光，具体此处不做限定。
203、AP调节第一空间光的偏转方向以对STA1进行光束对准，并向STA1发送第一空间光。
本实施例中，STA1的位置可能会由于移动而发生改变，因此，AP需要调节第一空间光的偏转方向以对STA1进行跟踪和光束对准。进而，第一空间光即可沿着光束对准后的第一光路发送至STA1。在一种可能的实施方式中，AP可以通过电荷耦合元件(Charge Coupled Device，CCD)相机等位置检测装置(图3中并未示出)来获取STA1的位置信息。进而，位置检测装置可以将STA1的位置信息反馈给如图3所示的光束偏转装置104，并由光束偏转装置104来调节第一空间光的偏转方向。其中，光束偏转装置104包括但不限于微机电系统(Micro Electro Mechanical System，MEMS)的偏转器件、液晶偏转器件以及光学相控阵等。需要说明的是，上述的分光装置102和光束偏转装置104只是从功能上划分的两个装置。在实际应用种，可以分别是两个独立的器件，也可以是合二为一的器件。例如，分光装置102采用如上述图4所示的结构，光束偏转装置104采用MEMS偏转器件。又例如，采用液晶偏转装置即可实现上述分光装置102和光束偏转装置104的功能，具体地，通过液晶偏转装置可以将一个大光斑分割为多个小光斑，进而每个小光斑对应的光束向不同的方向偏转。
204、AP调节第二空间光的偏转方向以对STA2进行光束对准，并向STA2发送第二空间光。
STA2的位置同样可能会由于移动而发生改变，因此，AP需要调节第二空间光的偏转方向以对STA2进行跟踪和光束对准。进而，第二空间光即可沿着光束对准后的第二光路发送至 STA1。应理解，调节第二空间光偏转方向的方式与上述步骤202中介绍的方式类似，具体此处不再赘述。
205、AP接收STA1的回光，并对STA1的回光进行识别。
本实施例中，STA1接收到来自AP的第一空间光后，可以按照原路返回的光路向AP进行回光。由于STA1可以接收到来自AP的第一空间光，因此，在第一空间光原路返回的光路上AP也可以接收到STA1的回光。在一种可能的实施方式中，STA1将可以将来自AP的第一空间光直接反射回去。例如，STA1通过角锥棱镜对第一空间光进行反射，从而使得STA1的回光可以按照原路返回的光路传输至AP。在另一种可能的实施方式中，STA1也可以通过自身的光源来发射回光，STA1也可以调节回光的偏转方向，使得该回光也可以按照原路返回的光路传输至AP。应理解，该STA1的回光应当与第一空间光具有相同的调制参数，以便于AP对该STA1的回光进行识别。具体地，AP可以通过如图3所示的光探测器103对回光进行识别。由于SAT1回光的调制参数不同于STA2回光的调制参数，AP就可以根据调制参数来识别其接收到的回光是来自STA1还是STA2，进而也就可以确定与AP完成光束对准的是STA1还是STA2。其中，该光探测器包括但不限于位置敏感探测器(Position Sensitive Detector，PSD)、四象限探测器(quadrant photodiode，QPD)、光电二极管(photodiode，PD)以及雪崩二极管(avalanche photodiode，APD)等。
206、AP接收STA2的回光，并对STA2的回光进行识别。
STA2接收到来自AP的第二空间光后，可以按照原路返回的光路对AP进行回光。由于STA2可以接收到来自AP的第二空间光，因此，在第二空间光原路返回的光路上AP也可以接收到STA2的回光。应理解，STA2的回光方式以及AP对STA2回光的识别方式与上述步骤204介绍的方式类似，具体此处不再赘述。
图5为本申请中空间光传输方法的第二种实施例示意图。在该示例中，由每个STA对与之对应的空间光进行调制，空间光传输方法包括如下步骤。
501、AP向STA1和STA2分别发送原始空间光。
不同于上述图2所示的实施例，本实施例中，AP向STA1和STA2发送同一种调制参数的空间光。以图3为例，光源101只用于输出原始空间光。该原始空间光经过分光装置102后会分为两路，其中一路原始空间光经过光束偏转装置104后对准STA1，另一路原始空间光经过光束偏转装置104后对准STA2。
502、STA1确定第一调制参数。
503、STA2确定第二调制参数。
本实施例中，STA1和STA2要分别确定各自对原始空间光进行调制的调制参数。其中，STA1确定的第一调制参数要不同于STA2确定的第二调制参数，以便于AP对STA1和STA2的回光进行区分。应理解，关于第一调制参数与第二调制参数的描述与上述图2所示实施例中步骤201的介绍类似，具体此处不再赘述。需要说明的是，STA1和STA2确定各自调制参数的方式可以有多种，下面进行进一步介绍。
第一种方式：STA1和STA2可以向AP上报自身所能采用的调制参数，进而由AP告知STA1与之对应的第一调制参数，并告知STA2与之对应的第二调制参数，从而可以确保第一调制参数不同于第二调制参数。具体地，AP与STA1和STA2之间可以采用一种区别于上述空间光传 输系统的通信系统来协商调制参数，例如，可以采用光成像通信(optical camera communication，OCC)系统等，具体此处不做限定。
第二种方式：STA1和STA2各自都存储由调制参数集合。STA1和STA2可以随机从各自的调制参数集合中选择一种调制参数，以用于对接收到的原始空间光进行调制。STA1和STA2采用各自选择的调制参数对原始空间光进行调制后，将分别按照原路返回的光路向AP进行回光。若AP收到并识别出某一路回光，则AP即可确定与该回光对应的STA已经实现光束对准，进而AP将向该STA发送上线通知。然而，若AP收到了STA1和STA2的回光，但是无法对两路回光进行识别，则证明STA1和STA2选择了同样的调制参数，AP自然不会向STA1和STA2发送上线通知。因此，若STA1或STA2在预设的时长内无法收到AP发送的上线通知，则STA1或STA2将重新从各自的调制参数集合中选择另一种调制参数，并重复上述过程直到接收到AP发送的上线通知。通过上述方式，避免了不同STA采用同一种调制参数而导致冲突的问题。
504、STA1根据第一调制参数对原始空间光进行调制得到第一空间光。
505、STA2根据第二调制参数对原始空间光进行调制得到第二空间光。
应理解，基于不同的调制参数类型，STA1和STA2可以采用对应的调制方式来进行调制。下面以波分的方式为例结合STA的结构介绍一种具体的实施方式。图6为本申请实施例中空间光通信系统的第三种示意图。如图6所示，STA1(20)包括滤波片201和角锥棱镜202，STA2(30)包括滤波片301和角锥棱镜302。其中，滤波片201用于对原始空间光进行滤光得到具有第一波长的第一空间光，滤波片301用于对原始空间光进行滤光得到具有第二波长的第二空间光。进而，第一空间光经过角锥棱镜202的反射后按照原路返回的光路传输至AP，第二空间光经过角锥棱镜302的反射后按照原路返回的光路传输至AP。应理解，除了上述图6所示列举的调制方式，在实际应用中，STA也可以根据调制参数的类型选择对应的调制器进行调制。具体地，调制器的类型包括但不限于多量子阱调制器、铁电液晶调制器以及相位调制器等。
506、AP接收STA1的回光。
507、AP接收STA2的回光。
本实施例中，STA1和STA2会按照原路返回的光路向AP进行回光。例如，如图6所示，STA1和STA2可以通过角锥棱镜反射的方式对AP进行回光，使得回光可以按照原路返回的光路传输至AP。又例如，STA1和STA2也可以通过各自的光源来发射回光。即STA1的光源发射第一空间光并调节第一空间光的偏转方向，以使得第一空间光按照原路返回的光路传输至AP。STA2的光源发射第二空间光并调节第二空间光的偏转方向，以使得第二空间光按照原路返回的光路传输至AP。
508、AP分别对STA1和STA2的回光进行识别。
AP接收到来自STA的回光后，可以根据调制参数识别出每一路回光对应的STA，从而确定与AP实现光束对准的STA。
需要说明的是，上述图2和图5所示的实施例分别介绍了由AP调制空间光和由STA调制空间光的两种不同实施方式。在一些可能的实施方式中，还可以将上述两种实施方式相结合，以便于AP区分更多的STA，从而可以扩展到STA数量更多的应用场景中。下面以四个STA为例介绍一种AP和各STA共同参与空间光调制的实施方式。
图7为本申请实施例中空间光通信系统的第四种示意图。如图7所示，该空间光通信系统包括AP(10)、STA1(20)、STA2(30)、STA3(40)和STA4(50)。具体他，AP可以根据每个STA所具有的调制能力对STA1-STA4进行分组。AP向同一分组内的STA发送的空间光采用相同的调制参数，向不同分组内的STA发送的空间光采用不同的调制参数。进而，同一分组内的STA采用不同的调制参数进行回光。例如，可以将STA1-STA4分为两组，分组1包括STA1和STA2，分组2包括STA3和STA4。AP向STA1和STA2发送第一空间光，并向STA3和STA4发送第二空间光，第一空间光和第二空间光的调制参数不同。STA1和STA2收到第一空间光后将采用不同的调制方式进行回光。STA3和STA4收到第二空间光后也将采用不同的调制方式进行回光。基于上述方式，通过AP对空间光的调制区分了STA1、STA2与STA3、STA4，通过每个STA对空间光的调制进一步区分了STA1与STA2，也区分了STA3与STA4。因此，AP收到每一路STA的回光后都可以进行识别，从而确定与AP实现光束对准的STA。需要说明的是，AP的内部结构以及AP对空间光进行调制的实施方式可以参考上述图2所示实施例的相关介绍，STA的内部结构以及STA对空间光进行调制的实施方式可以参考上述图5所示实施例的相关介绍，具体此处不再赘述。
本申请实施例中，提供了一种点对多点的空间光传输方法，用于AP与多个SAT进行空间光通信。具体地，AP会对发往不同STA的空间光进行分路，并调节每一路空间光的偏转方向以分别对准每个STA，每个STA都会按照原路返回的光路向AP发送回光。由于AP对发往不同STA的空间光采用不同的调制参数，便于AP对每个STA的回光进行识别以确定与每个STA是否实现了光束对准。通过上述方式，相对于点对点的空间光通信系统，无需为每个STA都配置对应的AP，仅用一个AP就可以对多个STA进行空间光的对准和通信，简化了空间光通信系统的结构。
需要说明的是，相对于点到点的空间光传输系统中STA对来自AP的空间光直接反射回光，本方案中STA可以对收到的空间光进行调制后再向AP进行回光。并且，不同的STA将采用不同的调制参数对AP进行回光，具体可以参考上述步骤502-503的描述。这样一来，无论AP是否对发往不同STA的空间光分别进行调制，只要每个STA采用各自的调制参数对AP进行回光，AP就可以区分每个STA的回光。也就是说，本方案不仅限于AP侧的改进，每个与AP进行通信的STA也可以对回光进行调制。因此，结合STA的改进，扩展了点到多点空间光通信的实现方式。
上面对本申请实施例中的空间光传输方法进行了描述，下面对本申请实施例中的AP和STA进行描述。
图8为本申请实施例中一种可能的AP的结构示意图。如图8所示，该AP包括光源801、分光装置802、光探测器803和光束偏转装置804。具体地，光源801用于执行上述图2所示实施例中步骤201的操作或上述图5所示实施例中步骤501的操作。在一种可能的实施方式中，该光源801是具有调制功能的光源，即光源801可以对自身生成的原始空间光进行调制。在另一种可能的实施方式中，该光源801也可以是没有调制功能的光源，那么该AP还包括光调制装置805，光调制装置805用于对光源801输出的原始空间光进行调制。分光装置802用于执行上述图2所示实施例中步骤202的操作。光束偏转装置804用于执行上述图2所示实施例中步骤203-204的操作。光探测器803用于执行上述图2所示实施例的步骤205-206 中由AP进行的操作或者上述图5所示实施例中步骤508的操作。
图9为本申请实施例中一种可能的STA的结构示意图。如图9所示，该STA包括回光装置901，可选地，该STA还可以包括光调制装置902。具体地，回光装置901用于执行上述图2所示实施例的步骤205-206中由STA进行的操作或者上述图5所示实施例中步骤506-507的操作。光调制装置902用于执行上述图5所示实施例中步骤504-505的操作。应理解，在实际应用中，STA中也设置有类似上述图8中所示的光源和光束偏转装置等，具体用于STA向AP发射空间光以进行光束对准，具体与AP的实现方式类似，此处不做详细说明。
图10为本申请实施例中另一种可能的AP的结构示意图。如图10所示，该AP包括处理器1001、存储器1002以及光收发器1003。该处理器1001、存储器1002以及光收发器1003通过线路互相连接，其中，存储器1002用于存储程序指令和数据。光收发器1003包含发射机和接收机。在一种可能的实现方式中，存储器1002存储了支持图2和图5所示实施例中步骤的程序指令和数据，处理器1001和光收发器1003用于执行图2和图5所示实施例中AP侧的方法步骤。具体地，光收发器1001用于执行光束收发的操作，处理器1001用于执行除光束收发之外的其他操作。
图11为本申请实施例中另一种可能的STA的结构示意图。如图11所示，该STA包括处理器1101、存储器1102以及光收发器1103。该处理器1101、存储器1102以及光收发器1103通过线路互相连接，其中，存储器1102用于存储程序指令和数据。光收发器1103包含发射机和接收机。在一种可能的实现方式中，存储器1102存储了支持图2和图5所示实施例中步骤的程序指令和数据，处理器1101和光收发器1103用于执行图2和图5所示实施例中STA侧的方法步骤。具体地，光收发器1101用于执行光束收发的操作，处理器1101用于执行除光束收发之外的其他操作。
需要说明的是，上述图10和图11中所示的处理器可以采用通用的中央处理器(Central Processing Unit，CPU)，微处理器，应用专用集成电路ASIC，或者至少一个集成电路，用于执行相关程序，以实现本申请实施例所提供的技术方案。上述图图10和图11中所示的存储器可以存储操作系统和其他应用程序。在通过软件或者固件来实现本申请实施例提供的技术方案时，用于实现本申请实施例提供的技术方案的程序代码保存在存储器中，并由处理器来执行。在一实施例中，处理器内部可以包括存储器。在另一实施例中，处理器和存储器是两个独立的结构。
图12为本申请实施例提供的一种空间光通信系统的结构示意图。空间光通信系统至少包括AP(1201)、STA1(1202)和STA2(1203)。AP(1201)用于执行上述图2和图5所示实施例中由AP执行的任意一种方法的部分或全部步骤。STA1(1202)用于执行上述图2和图5所示实施例中由STA执行的任意一种方法的部分或全部步骤。STA2(1203)用于执行上述图2和图5所示实施例中由STA执行的任意一种方法的部分或全部步骤。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例的全部或部分步骤可以通过硬件来完成，也可以通过程序来指令相关的硬件完成，所述的程序可以存储于一种计算机可读存储介质中，上述提到的存储介质可以是只读存储器，随机接入存储器等。具体地，例如：上述处理单元或处理器可以是中央处理器，通用处理器、数字信号处理器(DSP)、专用集成电路(ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、晶体管逻辑器件、硬件部件或者其任 意组合。上述的这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
当使用软件实现时，上述实施例描述的方法步骤可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机程序指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质，(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，DVD)、或者半导体介质(例如固态硬盘Solid State Disk(SSD))等。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种空间光传输方法，其特征在于，包括：
    接入点AP生成原始空间光；
    所述AP对所述原始空间光进行调制得到第一空间光，并对所述原始空间光进行调制得到第二空间光，所述第一空间光的第一调制参数与所述第二空间光的第二调制参数不同；
    所述AP对所述第一空间光和所述第二空间光进行分路，并调节所述第一空间光的偏转方向以向所述第一STA发送所述第一空间光，调节所述第二空间光的偏转方向以向所述第二STA发送所述第二空间光，其中，所述第一空间光沿第一光路传输，所述第二空间光沿第二光路传输。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一空间光的第一调制参数和所述第二空间光的第二调制参数不同包括以下至少一项：
    发射所述第一空间光的时间段与发射所述第二空间光的时间段不同；
    或，
    所述第一空间光的第一闪烁频率与所述第二空间光的第二闪烁频率不同；
    或，
    所述第一空间光的第一波长与所述第二空间光的第二波长不同；
    或，
    所述第一空间光的第一光强与所述第二空间光的第二光强不同。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述AP根据所述第一调制参数对来自所述第一STA的第一回光进行识别，并根据所述第二调制参数对来自所述第二STA的第二回光进行识别，其中，所述第一回光与所述第一空间光的传输路径相同，所述第二回光与所述第二空间光的传输路径相同。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述AP确定所述第一STA采用的第一滤光方式和所述第二STA采用的第二滤光方式；
    所述AP根据所述第一滤光方式对来自所述第一STA的第一回光进行识别，并根据第二滤光方式对来自所述第二STA的第二回光进行识别，其中，所述第一回光由所述第一STA根据所述第一滤光方式对所述第一空间光进行滤光得到，所述第二回光由所述第二STA根据所述第二滤光方式对所述第二空间光进行滤光得到，所述第一回光与所述第一空间光的传输路径相同，所述第二回光与所述第二空间光的传输路径相同。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述AP对所述原始空间光进行调制得到第三空间光，并调节所述第三空间光的偏转方向以向所述第三STA发送所述第三空间光，所述第三空间光的第三调制参数与所述第一调制参数和所述第二调制参数都不同，所述第三空间光沿第三光路传输。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述原始空间光为信标光或通信光。
  7. 一种空间光传输方法，其特征在于，包括：
    站点STA接收接入点AP发送的原始空间光；
    所述STA根据来自所述AP的指示消息确定所述第一调制参数，或者，所述STA从本地存 储的调制参数集合中选择所述第一调制参数；
    所述STA根据所述第一调制参数对所述原始空间光进行调制得到第一空间光，所述第一调制参数包括第一闪烁频率、第一波长和/或第一光强；
    所述STA向所述AP发送所述第一空间光，其中，所述第一空间光与所述原始空间光的传输路径相同。
  8. 一种接入点AP，其特征在于，包括光源、光调制装置、分光装置和光束偏转装置；
    所述光源用于：生成原始空间光；
    所述光调制装置用于：对所述原始空间光进行调制得到第一空间光，并对所述原始空间光进行调制得到第二空间光，所述第一空间光的第一调制参数与所述第二空间光的第二调制参数不同；
    所述分光装置用于：对所述第一空间光和所述第二空间光进行分路；
    所述光束偏转装置用于：调节所述第一空间光的偏转方向以向所述第一STA发送所述第一空间光，并调节所述第二空间光的偏转方向以向所述第二STA发送所述第二空间光，其中，所述第一空间光沿第一光路传输，所述第二空间光沿第二光路传输。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的AP，其特征在于，所述第一空间光的第一调制参数和所述第二空间光的第二调制参数不同包括以下至少一项：
    发射所述第一空间光的时间段与发射所述第二空间光的时间段不同；
    或，
    所述第一空间光的第一闪烁频率与所述第二空间光的第二闪烁频率不同；
    或，
    所述第一空间光的第一波长与所述第二空间光的第二波长不同；
    或，
    所述第一空间光的第一光强与所述第二空间光的第二光强不同。
  10. 根据权利要求8或9所述的AP，其特征在于，所述AP还包括光探测器，所述光探测器用于：
    根据所述第一调制参数对来自所述第一STA的第一回光进行识别，并根据所述第二调制参数对来自所述第二STA的第二回光进行识别，其中，所述第一回光与所述第一空间光的传输路径相同，所述第二回光与所述第二空间光的传输路径相同。
  11. 根据权利要求8或9所述的AP，其特征在于，所述AP还包括光探测器，所述光探测器用于：
    确定所述第一STA采用的第一滤光方式和所述第二STA采用的第二滤光方式；
    根据所述第一滤光方式对来自所述第一STA的第一回光进行识别，并根据第二滤光方式对来自所述第二STA的第二回光进行识别，其中，所述第一回光由所述第一STA根据所述第一滤光方式对所述第一空间光进行滤光得到，所述第二回光由所述第二STA根据所述第二滤光方式对所述第二空间光进行滤光得到，所述第一回光与所述第一空间光的传输路径相同，所述第二回光与所述第二空间光的传输路径相同。
  12. 根据权利要求8至11中任一项所述的AP，其特征在于，所述处理器还用于：对所述原始空间光进行调制得到第三空间光；
    所述光束偏转装置还用于：调节所述第三空间光的偏转方向以向所述第三STA发送所述第三空间光，所述第三空间光的第三调制参数与所述第一调制参数和所述第二调制参数都不同，所述第三空间光沿第三光路传输。
  13. 根据权利要求8至12中任一项所述的AP，其特征在于，所述原始空间光为信标光或通信光。
  14. 一种站点STA，其特征在于，包括回光装置和光调制装置；
    所述回光装置用于：接收接入点AP发送的原始空间光；
    所述光调制装置用于：根据来自所述AP的指示消息确定所述第一调制参数，或者，从本地存储的调制参数集合中选择所述第一调制参数；
    根据所述第一调制参数对所述原始空间光进行调制得到第一空间光，所述第一调制参数包括第一闪烁频率、第一波长和/或第一光强；
    所述回光装置还用于：向所述AP发送所述第一空间光，其中，所述第一空间光与所述原始空间光的传输路径相同。
  15. 一种空间光通信系统，其特征在于，包括AP、第一STA和第二STA；
    所述AP用于：生成原始空间光；
    对所述原始空间光进行调制得到第一空间光，并对所述原始空间光进行调制得到第二空间光，所述第一空间光的第一调制参数与所述第二空间光的第二调制参数不同；
    对所述第一空间光和所述第二空间光进行分路，并调节所述第一空间光的偏转方向以向所述第一STA发送所述第一空间光，调节所述第二空间光的偏转方向以向所述第二STA发送所述第二空间光，其中，所述第一空间光沿第一光路传输，所述第二空间光沿第二光路传输；
    所述第一STA用于：向所述AP发送第一回光，所述第一回光与所述第一空间光的传输路径相同；
    所述第二STA用于：向所述AP发送第二回光，所述第二回光与所述第二空间光的传输路径相同；
    所述AP还用于：根据所述第一调制参数对所述第一回光进行识别，并根据所述第二调制参数对所述第二回光进行识别。
  16. 一种空间光通信系统，其特征在于，包括AP、第一STA和第二STA；
    所述AP用于：对原始空间光进行分路得到第一空间光和第二空间光，并调节所述第一空间光的偏转方向以向所述第一STA发送所述第一空间光，调节所述第二空间光的偏转方向以所述向所述第二STA发送所述第二空间光；
    所述第一STA用于：根据第一调制参数对所述第一空间光进行调制得到第一回光，并向所述AP发送所述第一回光，所述第一空间光与所述第一回光的传输路径相同；
    所述第二STA用于：根据第二调制参数对所述第二空间光进行调制得到第二回光，并向所述AP发送所述第二回光，所述第二空间光与所述第二回光的传输路径相同，所述第一调制参数与所述第二调制参数不同。
  17. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，包括计算机指令，当所述计算机指令在计算机设备上运行时，使得所述计算机设备执行如权利要求1至7中任一项所述的方法。
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