WO2022206455A1 - 信道质量信息确定方法及装置 - Google Patents

信道质量信息确定方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022206455A1
WO2022206455A1 PCT/CN2022/082019 CN2022082019W WO2022206455A1 WO 2022206455 A1 WO2022206455 A1 WO 2022206455A1 CN 2022082019 W CN2022082019 W CN 2022082019W WO 2022206455 A1 WO2022206455 A1 WO 2022206455A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
terminal
transmit power
uplink
field
noise
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PCT/CN2022/082019
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈正
袁方超
陈鹏
于健
杨博
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2022206455A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022206455A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/08—Testing, supervising or monitoring using real traffic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/06—TPC algorithms
    • H04W52/14—Separate analysis of uplink or downlink
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/54—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of wireless communication technologies, and in particular, to a method and apparatus for determining channel quality information.
  • Wi-Fi network The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 wireless local area network is often referred to as Wi-Fi network, and Wi-Fi network has become a common solution for the last hop access technology of the Internet.
  • Wi-Fi networks are constantly evolving, aiming to continuously improve spectrum utilization.
  • a general access point adopts an adaptively adjusted resource allocation scheme to send data to a terminal.
  • the transmit power, modulation and coding scheme (MCS) order or subcarrier allocation used by the AP to send data to the terminal are dynamically adjusted based on the downlink channel quality (ie, the channel quality of the downlink channel).
  • the downlink channel quality between an AP and a terminal may vary with time, and one AP can provide services for multiple terminals at the same time, a method for enabling the AP to efficiently obtain the downlink channel quality is urgently needed.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a method and device for determining channel quality information, which can enable an AP to determine downlink channel quality information, thereby improving the efficiency of the AP in acquiring downlink channel quality.
  • the technical solution is as follows:
  • a method for determining channel quality information is provided, the method is performed by an access point AP, and the method includes:
  • the AP obtains the uplink channel quality information based on the uplink message returned by the terminal, and obtains the transmit power of the terminal and the noise coefficient of the terminal, so that the AP can obtain the uplink channel quality information, the transmit power of the terminal and the noise coefficient of the terminal based on the uplink channel quality information, the transmit power of the terminal and the noise coefficient of the terminal.
  • to acquire downlink channel quality information which improves the efficiency of AP acquiring downlink channel quality.
  • the AP can send data to the terminal by adopting an optimal resource allocation scheme, and optimize the configuration mode of transmission resources.
  • the AP adjusts the AP's transmit power, the MCS order or subcarrier allocation used when modulating data, etc., so that the AP sends data to the terminal based on the adjusted resource allocation scheme.
  • At least one of the noise figure and the transmit power is sent by the terminal; or, at least one of the noise figure and the transmit power is stored in the AP.
  • multiple sources are provided for the noise figure of the terminal and the transmit power of the terminal, which improves the diversity of the AP's acquisition of the noise figure and transmit power of the terminal.
  • the uplink packet carries at least one of the noise figure and the transmit power.
  • the noise coefficient of the terminal and the transmit power of the terminal are directly carried by the uplink message sent by the terminal, so that the transmission of the performance parameters of the terminal can be simultaneously completed during the channel measurement process.
  • the uplink packet includes at least one of a first field and a second field, the first field is used to carry the noise coefficient, and the second field is used to carry the transmit power.
  • At least one of the first field and the second field is located in the medium access control MAC header of the uplink packet, or located in the physical layer of the uplink packet Convergence protocol PLCP header.
  • At least one of the first field and the second field is located in a high throughput control field in the MAC header.
  • the MAC header further includes at least one of a frame control field, a duration field, an address field, and a frame check sequence (FCS) field, wherein the frame control field is used for Carrying the control information of the MAC header, the duration field is used to carry the time that the uplink message occupies the uplink channel, the address field is used to carry the address information of the AP and the address information of the terminal, The FCS field is used to carry the frame check sequence.
  • a frame control field is used for Carrying the control information of the MAC header
  • the duration field is used to carry the time that the uplink message occupies the uplink channel
  • the address field is used to carry the address information of the AP and the address information of the terminal
  • the FCS field is used to carry the frame check sequence.
  • At least one of the first field and the second field is an extension field in the PLCP header, or a reserved field in the PLCP header.
  • the uplink message carries at least one of the noise figure of the terminal and the transmit power of the terminal.
  • the method before the receiving the uplink message sent by the terminal, the method further includes:
  • the trigger frame carries at least one of first indication information and second indication information
  • the first indication information is used to indicate whether the uplink message sent by the terminal to the AP is The noise coefficient is carried
  • the second indication information is used to indicate whether the uplink message sent by the terminal to the AP carries the transmit power.
  • the AP can carry the first indication information and the second indication information in the trigger frame according to different requirements for the terminal performance parameters, so as to instruct the terminal to return to the AP based on the indications of these indication information and carry different indications.
  • Upstream packets of performance parameters are examples of the terminal performance parameters.
  • the method when the transmit power is stored in the AP, before the uplink message sent by the receiving terminal, the method further includes:
  • the trigger frame carries third indication information, where the third indication information is used to instruct the terminal to send the uplink message at the transmit power.
  • the AP directly designates the terminal in the trigger frame to send uplink packets at a specific transmit power, so that the terminal can use the transmit power specified by the AP to send uplink packets to the AP.
  • the transmit power used by the terminal is known, and the uplink message sent by the terminal to the AP may not carry the transmit power, thereby reducing the uplink signaling overhead between the AP and the terminal.
  • the downlink channel quality information includes a downlink signal-to-noise ratio.
  • a method for determining channel quality information is provided, the method is performed by a terminal, and the method includes:
  • the trigger frame carries at least one of first indication information and second indication information, where the first indication information is used to indicate whether the uplink message sent by the terminal to the AP carries noise coefficient, the The second indication information is used to indicate whether the uplink message sent by the terminal to the AP carries transmit power;
  • an uplink packet is sent to the AP.
  • the uplink packet includes at least one of a first field and a second field, the first field is used to carry the noise coefficient, and the second field is used to carry the transmit power.
  • At least one of the first field and the second field is located in the medium access control MAC header of the uplink packet, or located in the physical layer of the uplink packet Convergence protocol PLCP header.
  • the method further includes:
  • the sending condition includes an agreed sending time of the uplink packet, or an agreed sending period of the uplink packet.
  • a method for determining channel quality information is provided, the method is performed by a terminal, and the method includes:
  • a trigger frame is received, and based on the trigger frame, an uplink message is sent to the AP, where the uplink message carries a noise factor and or transmit power, and the noise factor and or transmit power are used to determine downlink channel quality information.
  • the trigger frame carries at least one of first indication information and second indication information
  • the first indication information is used to instruct the terminal to send the uplink report to the AP Whether the text carries the noise coefficient
  • the second indication information is used to indicate whether the uplink message sent by the terminal to the AP carries transmit power.
  • the uplink packet includes at least one of a first field and a second field, the first field is used to carry the noise coefficient, and the second field is used to carry the transmit power.
  • the method further includes:
  • the sending condition includes an agreed sending time of the uplink packet, or an agreed sending period of the uplink packet.
  • a communication apparatus for executing the above method for determining channel quality information.
  • the communication device includes a functional module for executing the method for determining channel quality information provided in the first aspect or in any optional manner of the first aspect.
  • a communication apparatus for executing the above method for determining channel quality information.
  • the communication device includes a functional module for executing the channel quality information determination method provided in the second aspect or any optional manner of the second aspect.
  • a communication apparatus for executing the above method for determining channel quality information.
  • the communication device includes a functional module for executing the method for determining channel quality information provided by the third aspect or any optional manner of the third aspect.
  • a communication device in a seventh aspect, includes a processor, and the processor is configured to execute program codes, so that the communication device executes the channel provided by the first aspect or any optional manner of the first aspect. Quality information determination method.
  • a communication device in an eighth aspect, includes a processor, and the processor is configured to execute program codes, so that the communication device executes the channel provided by the second aspect or any optional manner of the second aspect. Quality information determination method.
  • a communication device in a ninth aspect, includes a processor, and the processor is configured to execute program codes, so that the communication device executes the channel provided by the third aspect or any optional manner of the third aspect. Quality information determination method.
  • a tenth aspect provides a computer-readable storage medium, where at least one piece of program code is stored in the storage medium, and the program code is read by a processor to be executed by a communication device to implement the method as performed by the above-mentioned method for determining channel quality information operate.
  • a computer program product or computer program comprising program code, the program code being stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the processor of the communication device from the computer-readable storage medium
  • the program code is read, and the processor executes the program code, so that the communication device executes the methods provided in the above-mentioned method for determining channel quality information and various optional implementations thereof.
  • a twelfth aspect provides a chip, the chip includes a logic circuit and an interface circuit, the logic circuit is configured to perform the method of the first aspect, the second aspect or the third aspect and any possible implementation manner thereof
  • the interface circuit is configured to perform the sending or receiving action in the method of the first aspect, the second aspect or the third aspect and any possible implementation manner thereof, in this case , "send” is equivalent to "output”, and “receive” is equivalent to "input”.
  • a chip when a chip is used to execute the method described in the first aspect, a chip is provided, the chip includes a first logic circuit and a first interface circuit, and the first interface circuit is used to input an uplink message sent by a terminal , the first logic circuit obtains uplink channel quality information based on the uplink message, and the first logic circuit obtains the uplink channel quality information based on the uplink channel quality information, the noise figure of the terminal, and when the terminal sends the uplink message The adopted transmit power determines the downlink channel quality information.
  • FIG. 1 is a system schematic diagram of a WLAN deployment scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the principle of a channel measurement method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the principle of another channel measurement method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method for determining channel quality information provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a method for acquiring uplink channel quality information provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a HT control field provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a MAC frame provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an uplink message provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart of a method for determining channel quality information provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a channel measurement provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a flowchart of a method for determining channel quality information provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a flowchart of a method for determining channel quality information provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of an extended user information field provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiments of the present application may be applied to a wireless local area network (wireless local area network, WLAN).
  • the WLAN may include one or more APs and one or more STAs.
  • An AP is called an access point, it can also be called a hotspot, etc.
  • APs are access points for user terminals to access wired networks, and are mainly deployed in homes, buildings, and campuses. A typical AP coverage radius is tens of meters to hundreds of meters. It should be understood that the AP can also be deployed outdoors.
  • AP is equivalent to a bridge connecting wired network and wireless network. Its main function is to connect the clients of each wireless network together, and then connect the wireless network to Ethernet.
  • the standard mainly adopted by the AP is the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 series, such as the 802.11ax or 802.11be standard.
  • the AP may be a device supporting the WLAN standard, for example, the AP may be a terminal device or a network device with a wireless fidelity (wireless fidelity, WiFi) chip.
  • An AP is a communication device with a wireless transceiver function, such as a communication server, a router, a switch, a bridge, a micro base station or a small base station, or an access point in a WLAN communication system.
  • Each AP can communicate with other network elements based on the 802.11 protocol (or other communication protocols).
  • a STA is called a station (station, STA), and in this application, a STA may be called a terminal station, a user terminal, a user device, an access device, a subscriber station, a subscriber unit, a mobile station, a user agent, user equipment, a portable terminal, Laptop terminal, desktop terminal, etc. by other names.
  • the STA may be equipped with a wireless communication chip, a wireless sensor or a wireless communication terminal.
  • the STA may be a device that supports the WLAN standard.
  • the STA may be a mobile phone that supports WiFi communication, a tablet computer that supports WiFi communication, a set-top box that supports WiFi communication, a smart TV that supports WiFi communication, or a smart TV that supports WiFi communication.
  • Smart wearable devices computers that support WiFi communication, artificial intelligence (AI) products that support WiFi communication, or internet of things (IoT) terminals that support WiFi communication.
  • smartphones tablets, moving picture experts group audio layer III (MP3) players, moving picture experts group audio layer 4 (moving picture experts group audio Layer IV, MP4) players , notebook computers, desktop computers, communication servers, routers, switches, network bridges, smart bracelets, smart speakers, smart cars, smart instruments, smart devices, smart printers, industrial smart computers, smart code scanning devices or smart monitoring terminals, etc.
  • MP3 moving picture experts group audio layer III
  • MP4 moving picture experts group audio Layer IV, MP4
  • FIG. 1 is a system schematic diagram of a WLAN deployment scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the system 100 includes at least one AP 101 and at least one terminal 102 (only one AP 101 and one terminal 102 are shown in FIG. 1 ) .
  • each access point 101 can communicate with each other through wired or wireless connection
  • the terminal 102 can communicate with each access point 101 through wired or wireless connection.
  • Each AP 101 in the system 100 can implement the method for determining channel quality information provided by the embodiments of the present application, and the following embodiments take one AP 101 and one terminal 102 as an example to describe the method.
  • the AP measures the channel between the AP and the terminal in real time or periodically.
  • the manner in which the AP performs channel measurement includes explicit channel measurement and implicit channel measurement.
  • FIG. 2 a schematic diagram of the principle of a channel measurement method provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown.
  • This method can be called explicit channel measurement (explicit sounding), in which a terminal measures the downlink channel and sends the data in the form of data.
  • the measurement method in which the measured channel information is sent to the AP.
  • the AP sends a channel measurement notification frame to the terminal, where the channel measurement notification frame is used to instruct the terminal to perform explicit channel measurement.
  • the channel measurement notification frame is a null data packet notification frame (null data packet announcement, NDPA) specified in the 802.11 protocol.
  • NDPA null data packet announcement
  • the AP After the AP notifies the terminal to perform explicit channel measurement through the channel measurement notification frame, the AP sends a channel measurement frame carrying a channel measurement sequence to the terminal, and the channel measurement frame is used to measure the downlink channel between the AP and the terminal.
  • the channel measurement frame is a null data packet (NDP) specified in the 802.11 protocol.
  • NDP null data packet
  • the terminal After the terminal receives the channel measurement frame, the terminal performs channel measurement on the downlink channel based on the channel measurement sequence in the channel measurement frame to obtain downlink air interface channel information between the AP and the terminal.
  • a channel measurement feedback frame carrying the downlink air interface channel information is sent to the AP, so that the AP acquires the downlink air interface channel information from the channel measurement feedback frame to implement explicit channel measurement.
  • the channel measurement sequence is a signal sequence used for channel measurement, and the channel measurement sequence may have other names.
  • the channel measurement sequence is called a reference signal.
  • the channel measurement sequence is called a long training field (LTF), as in the following non-HT short training field (L-STF), Extremely high throughput short training field (EHT short training field, EHT-STF), etc.
  • L-STF non-HT short training field
  • EHT short training field EHT short training field
  • the downlink air interface channel information includes multi-antenna beamforming matrix information and downlink channel quality information.
  • the multi-antenna beamforming matrix information is used to indicate the relative channel relationship between the antenna of the AP and the antenna of the terminal, for example, the matrix information of the precoding matrix used for precoding the antenna system.
  • the more antennas of the AP and the terminal the higher the dimension of the precoding matrix, and accordingly, the larger the data volume of the downlink air interface channel information.
  • the number of antennas of the AP and the number of antennas of the terminal are increasing.
  • the data volume of the channel information of the downlink air interface in the channel measurement feedback frame sent by the terminal will be relatively large, which will cause the channel measurement feedback frame to occupy a large amount of data in the process of transmitting the channel measurement feedback frame to the AP. air interface time, resulting in a long measurement time for explicit channel measurement and low channel measurement efficiency.
  • FIG. 3 Another example is the schematic schematic diagram of another channel measurement method provided by the embodiment of the present application shown in FIG. 3.
  • This channel measurement method may also be called implicit channel measurement (implicit sounding).
  • the downlink channel information is reversed by using the channel reciprocity, and the measurement method that does not need feedback from the terminal.
  • the AP sends a channel measurement trigger frame to the terminal, where the channel measurement trigger frame is used to instruct the terminal to perform implicit channel measurement.
  • the terminal After the terminal receives the channel measurement trigger frame, the terminal sends the channel measurement frame to the AP.
  • the AP After the AP receives the channel measurement frame, the AP performs channel measurement based on the channel measurement frame to obtain uplink air interface channel information between the AP and the terminal, where the uplink air interface channel information includes uplink channel quality information and multiple antennas Beamforming matrix information.
  • the channel measurement frame fed back by the terminal to the AP does not carry downlink air interface channel information. It can be seen that the data volume of the channel measurement frame is much smaller than the data volume of the channel measurement feedback frame sent by the terminal during explicit channel measurement.
  • the air interface time occupied by the channel measurement frame is less than the air interface time occupied by the channel measurement feedback frame, then the measurement duration of the implicit channel measurement is lower than that of the explicit channel measurement, and the measurement efficiency of the implicit channel measurement is higher than that of the explicit channel measurement.
  • the measurement efficiency of channel measurement is in the process of implicit channel measurement.
  • the AP is always unknown to the downlink channel quality, so the AP cannot adaptively adjust the resource allocation scheme based on the unknown downlink channel quality.
  • the AP in order to facilitate the AP to obtain downlink channel quality information during the implicit channel measurement process, the AP sends a trigger frame to the terminal to trigger the terminal to return an uplink packet to the AP, so that the AP can use the terminal In the returned uplink message, obtain downlink channel quality information to implement channel measurement.
  • a trigger frame to the terminal to trigger the terminal to return an uplink packet to the AP, so that the AP can use the terminal In the returned uplink message, obtain downlink channel quality information to implement channel measurement.
  • the AP sends a trigger frame to the terminal.
  • the trigger frame is used to instruct the terminal to return an uplink packet to the AP for channel measurement.
  • the AP is any AP
  • the terminal is any terminal that can communicate with the AP.
  • the trigger frame is a channel measurement trigger frame specially used to trigger the terminal to perform channel measurement, that is, the channel measurement trigger frame itself has the function of triggering the terminal to perform channel measurement, for example, the trigger frame is an 802.12 protocol
  • the trigger frame (trigger frame) specified in the terminal is used to notify the terminal to perform channel measurement.
  • the occupancy rate of the downlink channel between the AP and the terminal is less than the first threshold, it means that the channel resources of the downlink channel are sufficient at this time, and the AP sends a message to the terminal through the downlink channel
  • the channel measurement frame is used to trigger the terminal to send an uplink message to the AP.
  • the trigger frame is a data packet and the data packet carries trigger information
  • the trigger information is used to trigger the terminal to perform channel measurement
  • the data packet itself does not have the function of triggering the terminal to perform channel measurement
  • the trigger information in the data packet has the function of triggering the terminal to perform channel measurement.
  • the occupancy rate of the downlink channel when the occupancy rate of the downlink channel is greater than or equal to the first threshold, it means that the channel resources of the downlink channel are insufficient at this time.
  • the AP sends the data packet carrying the trigger information to the terminal through the downlink channel, so that the terminal can be triggered to send the uplink packet to the AP while not affecting the normal transmission of service data of other services.
  • the trigger frame includes at least one of first indication information and second indication information, and the first indication information is used to indicate whether the uplink packet sent by the terminal to the AP carries the terminal noise figure. For example, if the first indication information is carried in one bit, it is indicated. If the first indication information is 1, it indicates that the uplink packet sent by the terminal needs to carry the noise coefficient; if the first indication information is 0, it indicates that the uplink packet sent by the terminal does not need to carry the noise coefficient. Or, if the first indication information is 0, it indicates that the uplink message sent by the terminal needs to carry the noise coefficient; if the first indication information is 1, it indicates that the uplink message sent by the terminal does not need to carry the noise coefficient coefficient.
  • the second indication information is used to indicate whether the uplink message sent by the terminal to the AP carries the transmit power used by the terminal to send the uplink message. For example, if the second indication information is carried in one bit, it is indicated. If the second indication information is 1, it indicates that the uplink message sent by the terminal needs to carry the transmit power; if the second indication information is 0, it indicates that the uplink message sent by the terminal does not need to carry the transmit power. Or, if the second indication information is 0, it indicates that the uplink message sent by the terminal needs to carry the transmit power; if the second indication information is 1, it indicates that the uplink message sent by the terminal does not need to carry the transmission power power. In the embodiments of the present application, only examples of indication are given, and indication methods that can achieve the same indication effect are included, which are not limited herein.
  • the introduction is made by taking the trigger frame including the first indication information and the second indication information as an example.
  • the AP instructs the terminal to return uplink packets carrying different performance parameters (such as transmit power and noise factor, etc.) by carrying the first indication information and the second indication information in the trigger frame.
  • the AP sends a trigger frame carrying both the first indication information and the second indication information to the terminal; if the channel measurement requirement is the AP It is not necessary to obtain the transmit power of the terminal and the noise figure of the terminal from the terminal, and the AP sends a trigger frame carrying both the first indication information and the second indication information to the terminal to 0.
  • the trigger frame carrying the first indication information and the second indication information with different values can instruct the terminal to return different uplink packets carrying different performance parameters.
  • the first indication information and the second indication carrying different values The trigger frame of the message is classified as follows:
  • the trigger frame carries the first indication information and the second indication information, and the first indication information is used to indicate that the uplink message sent by the terminal needs to carry the noise coefficient, the second indication information is used to indicate the If the transmission power needs to be carried in the uplink message, the trigger frame is the first trigger frame;
  • the trigger frame carries first indication information and second indication information, and the first indication information is used to indicate that the uplink message sent by the terminal does not need to carry the noise coefficient, the second indication information is used to instruct the terminal to send The transmission power needs to be carried in the uplink message of , then the trigger frame is the second trigger frame;
  • the trigger frame carries the first indication information and the second indication information, and the first indication information is used to indicate that the uplink message sent by the terminal needs to carry the noise coefficient, the second indication information is used to indicate the The uplink message does not need to carry the transmit power of the terminal, and the trigger frame is the third trigger frame;
  • the trigger frame carries first indication information and second indication information, and the first indication information is used to indicate that the uplink message sent by the terminal does not need to carry the noise coefficient, the second indication information is used to instruct the terminal to send The uplink message does not need to carry the transmit power of the terminal, and the trigger frame is the fourth trigger frame.
  • the terminal receives the trigger frame.
  • the terminal receives the trigger frame from the downlink channel between the AP and the terminal.
  • Both steps 401 and 402 are optional steps.
  • the AP performs step 401 and the terminal performs step 402 .
  • the AP and the terminal have agreed that the terminal actively sends an uplink message for channel measurement to the AP, the AP may not perform the above step 401, and accordingly, the terminal also does not perform this step 402. .
  • the terminal sends an uplink packet to the AP.
  • the uplink packet is an uplink measurement packet
  • the uplink measurement packet is a measurement packet sent by the terminal to the AP for channel measurement, such as the channel measurement frame in FIG. 3 .
  • the uplink measurement packet carries relevant information required for channel measurement, but does not carry service data of other services other than the channel measurement service.
  • the other services include game services, voice services, and video services.
  • the service data of other services includes game data, voice data, and video data.
  • the uplink packet is an uplink data packet
  • the uplink data packet is a data packet sent by the terminal to the AP for transmitting the service data of the other service.
  • the channel measurement is simultaneously implemented in the process of the service data of the service, and the uplink data message also carries the relevant information required for the channel measurement.
  • the uplink data packet does not carry service data of the other service, but carries relevant information required for channel measurement, and in this case, the uplink data packet is only used for channel measurement.
  • the relevant information required for channel measurement includes the noise figure of the terminal, the transmit power used by the terminal when sending the uplink message, the training sequence used for noise intensity estimation, and the like.
  • the upstream packet structure can be of various types. The structure of the upstream packet is described below with reference to the embodiment as follows:
  • the uplink packet includes at least one packet header, wherein the at least one packet header includes a medium access control (medium access control, MAC) header and a physical layer convergence protocol (physical layer). convergence protocol, PLCP) header.
  • the uplink packet is an uplink data packet, the uplink packet includes a load field, and the load field is used to carry service data.
  • the uplink packet includes at least one of a first field and a second field, where the first field is used to carry the noise coefficient of the terminal, and the second field is used to carry the terminal to send the uplink The transmit power used when the message is sent.
  • the any field is an extended field in the uplink message, or an existing field in the multiplexed uplink message.
  • At least one of the first field and the second field is located in the MAC header of the uplink packet.
  • the first field and the second field are in the same subfield, for example, the first field and the second field are one of the high throughput (high throughput, HT) control (control) fields in the MAC header subfield.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an HT control field provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the first field and the second field are the qth sub-control field in the aggregate control (aggregate control, A control) field in the HT control field. .
  • the A control field includes T sub-control fields, which are sub-control fields 1 to T respectively, and each sub-control field includes a control identifier (identity, ID) and control information corresponding to the control ID.
  • ID an integer greater than 1 and less than or equal to T
  • T is an integer greater than q.
  • the qth sub-control field in the T sub-control fields is used to carry the noise figure of the terminal and the transmit power used by the terminal when sending the uplink message.
  • the control ID in each of the T sub-control fields is used to indicate the type of the corresponding control information.
  • the control ID is identified by a numerical number or a string, and different control IDs indicate different types of control information.
  • control IDs in the sub-control fields 1 to T are respectively control 1 to T, and there are T types in total.
  • Type of control information In a possible implementation manner, the A control field corresponds to an ID interval, the ID interval includes a plurality of control IDs, and each control ID is located in a sub-control field in the A control field. Each ID in the ID interval is already defined, and the indicated types of control information are all types other than target control information (which can be understood as the type of existing control information).
  • the target control information includes the transmit power and noise coefficient of the terminal
  • the A control field also corresponds to the target control ID
  • the target control ID is located in a sub-control field (used to carry the target control information) extended in the A control field )
  • the target control ID is used to indicate the type of the target control information.
  • the target control ID is any numeric value or character string other than the ID interval. For example, there are 30 types of existing control information, and the corresponding ID interval includes control ID0 to control ID29, and each control ID in control ID0 to control ID29 It is respectively used to indicate the type of a control information in these 30 kinds of control information, and the target control ID corresponding to the A control field is the control ID30 to indicate the type of the target control information.
  • the HT control field also includes a very high throughput (VHT) field, a high efficiency (HE) field, and an extremely high throughput (EHT) field.
  • VHT very high throughput
  • HE high efficiency
  • EHT extremely high throughput
  • the HT control field is a partial field in the MAC header, and the MAC header may also include other fields than the HT control field.
  • a newly defined MAC header includes at least one of the first field and the second field.
  • the MAC header further includes at least one of a frame control (frame control) field, a duration (duration) time field, an address field, and a frame check sequence (frame check sequence, FCS) field.
  • frame control field is used to carry the control information of the MAC header
  • duration field is used to carry the time that the uplink message occupies the uplink channel
  • address field is used to carry the address information of the AP and the terminal's address information.
  • Address information the FCS field is used to carry the frame check sequence.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a MAC header provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the field carrying the noise figure in FIG. 7 is the first field
  • the field carrying the transmit power is the second field
  • the sending (Tx) address field and the receiving (receive, Rx) address field in FIG. 7 are the address fields in the MAC header.
  • Subfield where the sending address field is used to carry the address information of the terminal, and the receiving address field is used to carry the address information of the AP.
  • the first field and the second field can be located at any position in the MAC header, rather than being limited to a specific position.
  • the newly defined MAC header may only carry the parameters required for the channel measurement process, and may not carry or less carry other non-channel measurement parameters, therefore, the uplink signaling overhead between the AP and the terminal can be reduced.
  • At least one of the first field and the second field is located in the PLCP header of the uplink packet.
  • the first field and the second field are the same extension field, and the extension field is a newly added field without affecting the existing fields of the PPDU, and is used to carry the transmission power of the terminal and the transmission power of the terminal. at least one of the noise figures.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an uplink packet according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • this extension field can have different names, for example, the extremely high throughput signal field B (EHT signal field B, EHT-SIG-B) in the PLCP header shown in Figure 8, EHT-SIG -B is used to carry at least one of the transmit power of the terminal and the noise figure of the terminal, and the name of this field is for illustration only and not limited.
  • the uplink message shown in FIG. 8 is a physical layer protocol data unit (physical protocol data unit, PPDU), and the PPDU includes a PLCP header, a data (data) field, and a packet extension (packet extension, PE) field.
  • PPDU physical protocol data unit
  • PE packet extension
  • the PLCP header includes L-STF, non-HT long training field (L-LTF), non-HT signal field (L-SIG), repeated non-high throughput signal Field (repeated non-HT signal field, RL-SIG), universal signal field (U-SIG), very high throughput signal field (EHT signal field, EHT-SIG), EHT-STF, very high throughput Training field (EHT long training field, EHT-LTF) and EHT-SIG-B.
  • the information carried by the L-STF is used for the receiver (for example, AP) to perform packet detection, receive gain control, and coarse synchronization.
  • the information carried by the L-LTF is used for the receiver to perform fine synchronization and channel estimation.
  • the L-SIG is in the low version protocol signal field. If the protocol supported by the PPDU is a high version protocol, the L-SIG is used to carry the length of the PPDU. RL-SIG is used to indicate that the PPDU is a protocol version of 802.11ax and later.
  • the U-SIG carries some information necessary to demodulate the PPDU, such as version identifier, uplink/downlink identifier, bandwidth, etc.
  • the EHT-SIG carries another part of information necessary to demodulate the PPDU, such as resource unit allocation information, modulation and coding order, spatial stream, and the like. The information carried by the EHT-STF is used for gain control by the receiver.
  • the information carried by the EHT-LTF is used by the receiver for channel estimation. If the uplink packet does not carry service data, the Data field includes the above-mentioned load field, and if the uplink packet does not carry service data, the Data field does not include the above-mentioned load field.
  • the Data field also includes the MAC header.
  • the PE field provides additional processing time for the receiver. For any one of the first field and the second field, if the any field is located in the PLCP header, the MAC header in the Data field does not include the any field, correspondingly, if the any field If it is located in the MAC header, the PLCP header does not include any of these fields.
  • the PLCP header is also referred to as a physical layer (PHY) header.
  • PPDU is a data structure of an uplink message.
  • PPDU can have multiple structure types, such as single-user (SU) PPDU, multi-user (MU) ) PPDU, extended range (extended range, ER) SU PPDU and trigger response (trigger based, TB) PPDU and other types of PPDU, wherein the PPDU shown in Figure 8 is a possible implementation, here, this application The embodiment does not limit the structure type of the PPDU used by each uplink message.
  • the uplink packet further includes a third field, where the third field is used to carry a training sequence used for noise intensity estimation, for example, the training sequence is an L-LTF sequence, and the training sequence is located in the uplink
  • the L-LTF field in the message is the L-LTF field shown in Figure 8.
  • the L-LTF sequence includes at least one pilot group, and each pilot group includes a plurality of pilot symbols.
  • the multiple pilot groups may be the same or different, for example, the L-LTF sequence includes 2 identical pilot groups: ⁇ l 1 (1), l 2 (2), . .., l 1 (M) ⁇ , ⁇ l 2 (1), l 2 (2), ..., l 2 (M) ⁇ , where M is an integer greater than 2, and the two pilot groups are both It includes M pilot symbols, and the pilot symbols at the same position in the two pilot groups are all the same.
  • Each of the uplink messages described above carries at least one of the noise figure of the terminal and the transmit power used by the terminal when sending the uplink message.
  • the uplink packets are classified as follows: the uplink packet carrying the transmit power and noise coefficient is called the first uplink packet; , but the uplink packet that does not carry the noise coefficient is called the second uplink packet; the uplink packet that carries the noise coefficient but does not carry the transmit power is called the third uplink packet; does not carry the transmit power and
  • the upstream packet of the noise figure is called the fourth upstream packet.
  • the terminal after receiving the trigger frame, the terminal sends an uplink packet to the AP based on the trigger frame, so that the AP performs channel measurement based on the uplink packet.
  • the terminal generates an uplink message carrying the corresponding performance parameter based on the indication of the first indication information and the second indication information carried in the trigger frame, and sends an uplink message to the AP through the uplink channel between the terminal and the AP. Send the upstream message.
  • the process of generating an uplink message carrying different performance parameters by the terminal based on the different indications of the first indication information and the second indication information in the trigger frame will be described.
  • the generation process of the uplink packet includes two encapsulation processes. If the uplink packet is an uplink data packet and the uplink data packet needs to carry service data of other services, the terminal will combine the MAC header with the service data carrying the service data. splicing the payload fields of the MAC layer to obtain the MAC layer protocol data unit (MAC protocol data unit, MPDU) to realize the first encapsulation. The terminal stores the MPDU in the data field, and splices the data field, the PLCP header and the PE field to obtain the PPDU, so as to realize the second encapsulation.
  • MAC protocol data unit MPDU
  • the finally obtained PPDU is also an upstream message, and the terminal modulates the upstream message into a series of bit streams, and sends the bit stream to the AP through the upstream channel.
  • the uplink packet is an uplink measurement packet
  • the uplink measurement packet does not include a load field, and in the first encapsulation process, the terminal directly encapsulates the MAC header into an MPDU.
  • the terminal when the AP and the terminal have agreed that the terminal actively sends the agreed uplink message to the AP, if the agreed sending condition is met, the terminal sends the agreed uplink message to the AP arts.
  • the sending condition includes the agreed sending time of the uplink packet, or the agreed sending period of the uplink packet, or other conditions.
  • the agreed uplink packet includes any uplink packet from the first uplink packet to the fourth uplink packet. In this case, the AP does not need to send a trigger frame to the terminal, and the terminal does not need to wait to receive a trigger frame.
  • the AP receives the uplink packet.
  • the AP receives the uplink message from the uplink channel between the AP and the terminal.
  • the AP acquires uplink channel quality information.
  • the uplink channel quality information is the channel quality information of the uplink channel between the AP and the terminal
  • the uplink channel quality information includes an uplink signal-to-noise ratio (signal to noise ratio, SNR)
  • the uplink signal-to-noise ratio is the uplink channel quality information.
  • SNR signal to noise ratio
  • the AP acquires uplink channel quality information of the uplink channel based on the uplink message.
  • the AP acquires the uplink channel quality information of the uplink channel based on the uplink message, including the following steps 4051-4053, as shown in FIG. 5 .
  • 5 is a flowchart of a method for acquiring uplink channel quality information provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Step 4051 The AP performs signal strength estimation on the uplink packet to obtain the signal strength of the uplink packet.
  • the upstream packet is sent to the AP in the form of a series of bit streams.
  • the AP samples the signal of the bit stream to obtain N sampling points, which are x(1) to x(N), where N is an integer greater than 1; the AP determines the average sampling point of the N sampling points as the signal strength of the uplink packet.
  • the AP takes the N sampling points as input data and inputs it into the following formula (1):
  • the AP outputs the signal strength S of the uplink packet based on the formula (1).
  • Step 4052 The AP performs noise intensity estimation on the uplink channel to obtain the noise intensity of the uplink channel.
  • the AP performs noise intensity estimation on the uplink channel based on the L-LTF sequence carried in the uplink packet. For example, the AP parses the L-LTF sequence from the third field in the above-mentioned message, and uses the at least one pilot group in the L-LTF sequence as input data, and inputs it into the following formula (2):
  • the AP outputs the noise intensity R of the uplink channel based on the above formula (2).
  • l 1 (i) l 2 (i)
  • i is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to M
  • l 1 (i) is the ith pilot in the first pilot group in the L-LTF sequence symbol
  • l 2 (i) is the ith pilot symbol in the second pilot group in the L-LTF sequence.
  • Step 4053 the AP acquires the uplink channel quality information.
  • the AP acquires the uplink channel quality information based on the signal strength and the noise strength.
  • the AP determines a ratio between the signal strength and the noise strength as an uplink signal-to-noise ratio.
  • the uplink signal-to-noise ratio SNR UL is expressed as the following formula (3):
  • the AP acquires the noise figure and transmit power.
  • the noise coefficient is the noise coefficient of the terminal
  • the transmit power is the transmit power used by the terminal when sending the uplink message.
  • the AP obtains at least one of the noise factor and the transmit power from the uplink message; if the AP locally stores the noise factor and the transmit power At least one of the transmit power, the AP acquires at least one of the locally stored noise figure and the transmit power.
  • Different types of trigger frames are used to instruct the terminal to return uplink messages carrying different performance parameters to the AP, which will cause the AP to acquire the transmit power and noise coefficient differently. Noise figure and the process of transmitting power are introduced.
  • the AP executes step 406 first, then executes step 405, or executes step 406 and step 405 at the same time. limited.
  • the AP determines downlink channel quality information.
  • the downlink channel quality information is the channel quality information of the downlink channel between the AP and the terminal, the downlink channel quality information includes the downlink signal-to-noise ratio, and the downlink signal-to-noise ratio is the signal-to-noise ratio of the downlink channel.
  • the AP determines the downlink channel quality information based on the uplink channel quality information, the noise coefficient of the terminal, and the transmit power used by the terminal when sending the uplink message.
  • the AP uses the uplink channel quality information, the noise coefficient and the transmit power as output data, and inputs the following formula (4):
  • the AP outputs the downlink signal-to-noise ratio SNR DL based on the above formula (4).
  • P AP is the transmit power of the AP
  • P STA is the transmit power of the terminal
  • NF AP is the noise factor of the AP, that is, the amplification gain of the noise signal when the AP receives uplink packets
  • NF STA is the The noise figure of the terminal, that is, the amplification gain of the noise signal when the terminal receives the downlink message.
  • both the P AP and the NF AP are known.
  • the AP determines the downlink signal-to-noise ratio based on any modified formula of the above formula (4).
  • the transmit power of the AP and the noise figure of the AP are known, the AP calculates the product of the transmit power of the AP and the noise figure of the AP in advance, and uses the product as the performance coefficient of the AP; After the AP obtains the transmit power of the terminal and the noise figure of the terminal, the AP takes the product of the transmit power of the terminal and the noise figure of the terminal as the performance factor of the terminal; The ratio between the coefficient and the performance coefficient of the terminal is used as the performance ratio between the AP and the terminal; after the AP obtains the uplink channel quality information, the AP will calculate the ratio between the performance ratio and the uplink channel quality information.
  • the performance coefficient of the terminal is calculated by the terminal, and the terminal informs the AP of the performance coefficient of the terminal when accessing the AP.
  • the terminal carries the performance coefficient of the terminal in an uplink message and sends it to the AP, and the AP acquires the performance coefficient of the terminal from the uplink message.
  • the trigger frame sent by the AP to the terminal is the first trigger frame, and the first indication information and the second indication information in the first trigger frame are replaced with fourth indication information, and the fourth indication information is used to instruct the terminal to send the AP to the terminal.
  • the uplink message sent by the terminal to the AP does not carry the noise coefficient of the terminal and the transmission power of the terminal, but carries the performance coefficient of the terminal. .
  • the AP obtains the transmit power of the terminal and the noise coefficient of the terminal, it obtains the ratio of the transmit power between the AP and the terminal (referred to as the power ratio), and obtains the ratio between the AP and the terminal.
  • the ratio of the noise coefficients (referred to as the noise ratio); the AP determines the product of the uplink channel quality information, the power ratio and the noise ratio as the downlink signal-to-noise ratio.
  • the AP determines the downlink signal-to-noise ratio based on any modified formula of the above formula (4), which is not limited here.
  • N 0 thermal noise and PL is path loss.
  • the AP After the AP determines the downlink channel quality information, the AP adopts an optimal resource allocation scheme to send data to the terminal according to the downlink channel quality reflected by the downlink channel quality information, which optimizes the configuration of transmission resources.
  • the resource allocation scheme includes the transmit power of the AP, the MCS order or subcarrier allocation used by the AP when modulating data, and the like.
  • the MCS order supported by mainstream standard protocols is also continuously improved.
  • the MCS order used by the AP plays a crucial role in the modulation or demodulation of the wireless signal between the AP and the terminal.
  • the AP can communicate with the AP through the AP.
  • the downlink channel quality information of the downlink channel between the terminals is used to adaptively adjust the MCS order adopted by the AP.
  • the AP dynamically adjusts its own transmit power based on the downlink channel quality information, so as to reduce the AP's power consumption as much as possible while ensuring the terminal's receiving performance. For example, if the quality of the downlink channel between the AP and the terminal is poor, in the process of sending downlink packets to the terminal, the AP can increase its own transmit power, thereby enhancing the signal strength sent by the AP, which increases the The quality of the signal received by the terminal ensures the receiving performance of the terminal. For another example, if the quality of the downlink channel between the AP and the terminal is good, then, in the process of sending downlink packets to the terminal, the AP can appropriately reduce its own transmit power to reduce power consumption and suppress interference. .
  • multiple terminals simultaneously occupy a set of sub-carriers that do not intersect with each other in the frequency domain for data transmission.
  • the set of carriers includes at least one subcarrier.
  • the air interface channel is not flat in the frequency domain, for example, the channel quality on some subcarriers is good, and the channel quality on other subcarriers is poor.
  • the channel quality distribution of each terminal in the frequency domain is also significantly different. For example, for the same subcarrier, the channel quality of one terminal may be good, and the channel quality of another terminal may be poor.
  • the AP can allocate subcarriers with relatively good channel quality to each terminal based on the downlink channel quality information of each terminal on different subcarriers, so as to obtain better overall system performance.
  • the AP acquires uplink channel quality information based on the uplink message returned by the terminal, and acquires the transmit power of the terminal and the noise coefficient of the terminal, so that the AP can obtain the uplink channel quality information, the transmit power of the terminal, and the The noise coefficient of the terminal is used to obtain the downlink channel quality information, which improves the efficiency of the AP's acquisition of the downlink channel quality.
  • the AP can send data to the terminal by adopting a better resource allocation scheme, which optimizes the configuration mode of transmission resources.
  • the AP adjusts the AP's transmit power, the MCS order or subcarrier allocation used when modulating data, etc., so that the AP sends data to the terminal based on the adjusted resource allocation scheme.
  • the AP instructs the terminal to return uplink packets with different performance parameters based on different trigger frames, so as to obtain the process of downlink channel quality information as follows.
  • the AP acquires the noise coefficient of the terminal and the transmit power of the terminal from the uplink message sent by the terminal, so that the AP can obtain the noise coefficient of the terminal and the transmit power of the terminal based on the acquired noise coefficient of the terminal and the transmission power of the terminal.
  • the transmit power of the terminal is used to obtain downlink channel quality information.
  • the AP sends a first trigger frame to the terminal.
  • the first trigger frame is used to instruct the terminal to send an uplink message carrying the performance parameter of the terminal to the AP.
  • the AP is any AP
  • the terminal is any terminal that can communicate with the AP.
  • the performance parameters of the terminal include the noise figure of the terminal and the transmit power used by the terminal to send the uplink message.
  • the first trigger frame carries first indication information and second indication information
  • the first indication information is used to indicate that the uplink message sent by the terminal needs to carry the noise coefficient
  • the first indication information is used to indicate that the uplink message sent by the terminal needs to carry the transmit power.
  • the trigger frame is the first trigger frame if a trigger frame does not carry the second indication information and the first indication information, and the system defaults that the trigger frame is used to instruct the terminal to send an uplink report carrying the performance parameters of the terminal to the AP text, the trigger frame is the first trigger frame.
  • the AP sends the first trigger frame to the terminal through a downlink channel between the AP and the terminal.
  • the terminal receives the first trigger frame.
  • the terminal receives the first trigger frame from the downlink channel between the AP and the terminal.
  • the terminal sends a first uplink packet to the AP.
  • the first uplink message carries the noise figure and transmit power.
  • the noise coefficient is the noise coefficient of the terminal, and the transmit power is the transmit power used by the terminal to send the first uplink message.
  • the noise figure and the transmit power are respectively located in the first field and the second field in the first uplink packet.
  • both the first field and the second field are located in the MAC header of the first uplink message, for example, the MAC header that carries the HT control field shown in FIG. 6 , for example, the MAC header shown in FIG. 7 . department.
  • both the first field and the second field are located in the PLCP header of the first uplink packet, for example, the PPDU shown in FIG. 8 .
  • the terminal sends a first uplink packet to the AP through an uplink channel between the AP and the terminal based on the first trigger frame. For example, after receiving the first trigger frame, the terminal determines, based on the indication of the first trigger frame, that it needs to perform channel measurement by returning an uplink message carrying the transmit power and noise coefficient to the AP; then the terminal A first uplink message is generated, and the first uplink message is sent to the AP through an uplink channel between the AP and the terminal using the transmit power in the first uplink message.
  • the terminal determines that the process of performing channel measurement by returning an uplink message carrying the transmit power and noise coefficient to the AP includes any one of the following processes 1-3 :
  • any downlink message sent by the AP received by the terminal is a channel measurement trigger frame.
  • any downlink packet is the first trigger frame. The terminal determines that it needs to perform channel measurement by returning an uplink message carrying the transmit power and the noise figure to the AP.
  • the terminal receives any downlink packet sent by the AP.
  • the text is a channel measurement trigger frame
  • the terminal can parse out the second indication information and the first indication information from the channel measurement trigger frame, and the parsed first indication information is used to indicate the uplink message sent by the terminal
  • the noise coefficient needs to be carried in the terminal
  • the parsed second indication information is used to indicate that the uplink message sent by the terminal needs to carry the transmit power, and any downlink message is the first trigger frame.
  • the terminal determines that it is necessary to perform channel measurement by returning an uplink message carrying the transmit power and noise coefficient to the AP.
  • any downlink packet sent by the AP received by the terminal is a data packet
  • the terminal can parse out the trigger information, the first indication information and the second indication information from the data packet, and parse
  • the obtained first indication information is used to indicate that the uplink message sent by the terminal needs to carry the noise coefficient
  • the parsed second indication information is used to indicate that the uplink message sent by the terminal needs to carry the transmit power
  • the Any downlink message is the first trigger frame.
  • the terminal determines that it is necessary to perform channel measurement by returning an uplink message carrying the transmit power and noise coefficient to the AP.
  • the AP acquires uplink channel quality information.
  • the AP acquires uplink channel quality information based on the first uplink packet.
  • the process of acquiring the uplink channel quality information by the AP based on the first uplink packet is the same as the process shown in the above step 405.
  • the AP acquires the uplink channel quality information based on the first uplink packet. The process of channel quality information will not be repeated.
  • the AP acquires the noise coefficient and transmit power from the first uplink packet.
  • the noise coefficient is the noise coefficient of the terminal
  • the transmit power is the transmit power used by the terminal when sending the first uplink message.
  • the AP parses the first uplink packet, and parses the transmit power and the noise figure from the first uplink packet.
  • the AP determines downlink channel quality information.
  • step 906 is the same as the process shown in step 407, and here, this embodiment of the present application does not repeat the description of this step 906.
  • the AP sends a trigger frame to the terminal to notify the terminal to perform channel measurement.
  • the terminal receives the trigger frame, it sends an uplink message carrying the transmit power of the terminal and the noise figure of the terminal to the AP, So that the AP obtains the transmit power of the terminal and the noise figure of the terminal from the uplink message, and further determines the downlink channel quality information based on the transmit power of the terminal and the noise figure of the terminal.
  • the AP acquires uplink channel quality information based on the first uplink packet returned by the terminal, and acquires the transmit power of the terminal and the noise coefficient of the terminal from the first uplink packet, so that the The AP acquires the downlink channel quality information based on the uplink channel quality information, the transmit power of the terminal, and the noise coefficient of the terminal, which improves the efficiency of the AP in acquiring the downlink channel quality.
  • the AP can send data to the terminal by adopting a better resource allocation scheme, which optimizes the configuration mode of transmission resources.
  • the AP adjusts the AP's transmit power, the MCS order or subcarrier allocation used when modulating data, etc., so that the AP sends data to the terminal based on the adjusted resource allocation scheme.
  • the AP obtains, from the uplink message sent by the terminal, the transmit power used by the terminal to send the uplink message, and locally obtains the noise figure of the terminal, so that the AP can obtain the transmission power of the terminal based on the obtained
  • the transmit power of the terminal and the noise figure of the terminal are used to obtain downlink channel quality information.
  • FIG. 11 To further illustrate the process, refer to the flowchart of a method for determining channel quality information provided by an embodiment of the present application shown in FIG. 11 .
  • the AP stores the noise coefficient of the terminal.
  • the AP is any AP
  • the terminal is any terminal that can communicate with the AP. Since the noise figure of the terminal is generally unchanged, the AP stores the noise figure of the terminal in advance, so that the noise figure of the terminal can be obtained directly from the locally stored noise figure in the future without the need to obtain the noise figure from the terminal subsequently.
  • the AP acquires the noise figure of the terminal and the address information of the terminal, and associates and stores the noise figure of the terminal and the address information of the terminal locally.
  • the AP acquiring the noise coefficient of the terminal and the address information of the terminal includes: the AP acquiring the noise coefficient of the terminal and the address information of the terminal reported by the terminal, or the AP acquires the terminal's address information based on a user's instruction. Noise figure and address information of the terminal.
  • the terminal reports the first terminal information of the terminal to the AP, where the first terminal information includes the noise coefficient of the terminal and the address information of the terminal.
  • the noise figure of the terminal and the address information of the terminal are obtained from the information.
  • the AP receives the first storage instruction issued by the user, wherein the first storage instruction carries the first terminal information; the AP obtains the noise coefficient of the terminal and the address information of the terminal from the first storage instruction, and perform associative storage based on the instruction of the first storage instruction.
  • the AP can store the noise coefficients of multiple terminals in advance, and this step 1101 is described by taking the storage of the noise coefficients of any terminal among the multiple terminals as an example.
  • the AP sends a second trigger frame to the terminal.
  • the second trigger frame is used to instruct the terminal to send an uplink message carrying the transmit power to the AP.
  • the second trigger frame carries first indication information and second indication information, and the first indication information is used to indicate that the uplink message sent by the terminal does not need to carry the noise coefficient, and the The second indication information is used to indicate that the uplink message sent by the terminal needs to carry the transmit power.
  • the second trigger frame does not include the first indication information, so as to reduce downlink signaling overhead between the AP and the terminal.
  • the AP sends the second trigger frame to the terminal through a downlink channel between the AP and the terminal.
  • the terminal receives the second trigger frame.
  • the terminal receives the second trigger frame from the downlink channel between the AP and the terminal.
  • the terminal sends a second uplink packet to the AP.
  • the second uplink packet carries transmit power.
  • the transmit power is the transmit power used by the terminal when sending the second uplink message.
  • the terminal sends a second uplink packet to the AP through an uplink channel between the AP and the terminal based on the second trigger frame.
  • the terminal can parse the second indication information from the trigger frame (or can parse the second indication information and the first indication information) , and the parsed first indication information is used to indicate that the uplink message sent by the terminal does not need to carry the noise coefficient, and the second indication information is used to indicate that the uplink message sent by the terminal needs to carry the transmit power
  • the The trigger frame is a second trigger frame; the terminal generates the second uplink packet based on the indication of the second indication information in the second trigger frame, and sends the second uplink packet to the AP.
  • the AP acquires uplink channel quality information.
  • the AP acquires uplink channel quality information based on the second uplink packet.
  • the process of acquiring the uplink channel quality information by the AP based on the second uplink message is the same as the process shown in the above step 405.
  • the AP acquires the uplink channel quality information based on the second uplink message. The process of channel quality information will not be repeated.
  • the AP acquires the transmit power from the second uplink packet.
  • the transmit power is the transmit power used by the terminal when sending the second uplink message.
  • the AP parses the second uplink packet, and obtains the transmit power from the parsing in the second uplink packet.
  • the AP acquires the noise coefficient of the terminal from the stored noise coefficient.
  • the AP obtains the address information of the terminal from the second uplink packet, and based on the address information of the terminal, queries the noise coefficient corresponding to the address information from the stored noise coefficients, The queried noise figure is also the noise figure of the terminal.
  • the process shown in the above steps 1106-1107 is also the process in which the AP obtains the noise figure of the terminal and the transmit power used by the terminal when sending the uplink message.
  • the AP determines downlink channel quality information.
  • step 1108 is the same as the process shown in the above-mentioned step 407, and this step 1108 is not repeated in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the AP acquires uplink channel quality information based on the second uplink packet returned by the terminal, acquires the transmit power of the terminal from the second uplink packet, and acquires the noise coefficient of the terminal locally, so that the The AP acquires the downlink channel quality information based on the uplink channel quality information, the transmit power of the terminal, and the noise coefficient of the terminal, which improves the efficiency of the AP in acquiring the downlink channel quality.
  • the AP can send data to the terminal by adopting a better resource allocation scheme, which optimizes the configuration mode of transmission resources.
  • the AP adjusts the AP's transmit power, the MCS order or subcarrier allocation used when modulating data, etc., so that the AP sends data to the terminal based on the adjusted resource allocation scheme.
  • the second uplink message in the embodiment of the present application does not need to carry the noise information of the terminal relative to the first uplink message, thereby reducing the uplink signaling overhead between the AP and the terminal.
  • the AP obtains the noise coefficient of the terminal from the uplink packet sent by the terminal, and obtains locally the transmit power used by the terminal when the terminal sends the uplink packet, so that the AP can base on the acquired
  • the transmission power and the noise figure of the terminal are used to obtain the downlink channel quality information.
  • FIG. 12 To further illustrate the process, refer to the flowchart of a method for determining channel quality information provided by an embodiment of the present application shown in FIG. 12 .
  • the AP stores the transmit power of the terminal.
  • the AP is any AP
  • the terminal is any terminal that can communicate with the AP.
  • the transmit power of the terminal stored by the AP is the transmit power reported by the terminal itself or the preset transmit power of the terminal.
  • the AP acquires the transmit power range of the terminal and the address information of the terminal, where the transmit power range is the range of effective transmit power that the terminal can use during normal operation, and the transmit power range includes At least one transmit power; the AP selects one transmit power from the range of the transmit power as the transmit power when the terminal sends an uplink message, and the AP associates and stores the selected transmit power of the terminal with the address information of the terminal , or the AP associates and stores the transmit power range of the terminal, the address information of the terminal, and the selected transmit power of the terminal.
  • acquiring the transmit power range of the terminal and the address information of the terminal by the AP includes: acquiring, by the AP, the transmit power range of the terminal and the address information of the terminal reported by the terminal, or acquiring the terminal based on an instruction of the user by the AP and the address information of the terminal.
  • the terminal after the terminal accesses the AP, the terminal reports the second terminal information of the terminal to the AP, where the second terminal information includes the transmit power range and address information of the terminal; the AP obtains the information from the second terminal The transmit power range of the terminal and the address information of the terminal.
  • the AP receives a second storage instruction issued by the user, wherein the second storage instruction carries the second terminal information; the AP obtains the second terminal information from the second storage instruction, and based on the second storage instruction Indicates associative storage.
  • the AP proactively presets a transmit power for the terminal as when the terminal sends an uplink message
  • the adopted transmit power is stored locally in association with the address information of the terminal and the transmit power preset for the terminal.
  • the transmit power preset by the AP for the terminal is the transmit power that can be accepted by the general terminal, so as to avoid the subsequent transmit power preset by the AP for the terminal, and the terminal is unavailable.
  • the AP can store the transmit power of multiple terminals in advance, and this step 1201 is described by taking the storage of the transmit power of any one of the multiple terminals as an example.
  • the first terminal information, the second terminal information and the third terminal information of a terminal are all terminal information of the terminal, but the information carried may be different.
  • the AP sends a third trigger frame to the terminal.
  • the third trigger frame is used to instruct the terminal to send an uplink message carrying the noise coefficient to the AP with the transmit power.
  • the third trigger frame carries first indication information and second indication information, and the first indication information is used to indicate that the uplink message sent by the terminal needs to carry the noise coefficient, and the The second indication information is used to indicate that the uplink message sent by the terminal does not need to carry the transmit power of the terminal.
  • the third trigger frame does not include the second indication information, so as to reduce downlink signaling overhead between the AP and the terminal.
  • the third trigger frame further carries third indication information, where the third indication information is used to instruct the terminal to send the uplink message at the transmit power.
  • the third indication information includes the transmit power of the terminal selected by the AP, and the third indication information itself is used to instruct the terminal to send the uplink message with the transmit power included in the third indication information.
  • the third indication information further includes a power indicator, and the power indicator is used to instruct the terminal to send the uplink message with the transmit power included in the third indication information.
  • the representation is not limited.
  • the third indication information is located in a third field in the third trigger frame, where the third field is an extended field in the trigger frame, for example, the third field is in the trigger frame A subfield extended from the user information field in .
  • the third field is an extended field in the trigger frame
  • the third field is in the trigger frame A subfield extended from the user information field in .
  • a schematic structural diagram of an extended user information field provided by an embodiment of the present application shown in FIG. 13 a third field is extended in the user information field, that is, the transmit power (Tx power) field shown in the figure. to carry the transmit power specified by the AP for the terminal.
  • the user information field also includes an association identifier 12 (association identifier12, AID12) field, a resource unit allocation (resource unit allocation, RU allocation) field, an uplink forward error correction coding type (uplink forward error correction coding type, UL FEC coding type) field, uplink modulation and code scheme (UL MCS) field, uplink dual carrier modulation (UL DCM) field, spatial stream allocation/random access resource unit information (spatial stream allocation/random access) resource unit information, SS allocation/RA-RU information) field, uplink target received signal strength indicator (uplink target receive signal strength indicator, UL target RSSI) field and reserved field.
  • association identifier12 association identifier12, AID12
  • a resource unit allocation resource unit allocation, RU allocation
  • an uplink forward error correction coding type uplink forward error correction coding type, UL FEC coding type
  • UL MCS uplink modulation and code scheme
  • UL DCM uplink dual carrier modulation
  • the RU Allocation field is used to indicate the subcarrier information that the scheduled STA should use.
  • the UL FEC coding type field is used to indicate the type of forward error correction code that the scheduled STA should use.
  • the UL MCS field is used to indicate the modulation and coding strategy that the scheduled STA should use.
  • the UL DCM field is used to indicate whether the scheduled STA uses dual carrier modulation.
  • the SS allocation/RA-RU information field is used to indicate the spatial stream information that the scheduled STA should use, or to indicate random access resource unit information.
  • the UL Target RSSI field is used to indicate the expected received power of the AP; the reserved field is a field reserved for the purpose of extending the trigger frame.
  • the third field is an existing field in the trigger frame.
  • the third field is a reserved field in the user information field shown in FIG. 13 , and the third indication information is located in the reserved field.
  • the AP sends a third trigger frame to the terminal through a downlink channel between the AP and the terminal.
  • the terminal receives the third trigger frame.
  • the terminal receives the third trigger frame from the downlink channel between the AP and the terminal.
  • the terminal sends a third uplink packet to the AP.
  • the third uplink message carries a noise coefficient
  • the noise coefficient is the noise coefficient of the terminal.
  • a third uplink packet is sent to the AP through an uplink channel between the AP and the terminal.
  • the terminal when any downlink message sent by the AP received by the terminal is a trigger frame, if the terminal can parse out the first indication information (or parse out the second indication information and the first indication information) from the trigger frame and the third indication information, and the parsed first indication information is used to indicate that the noise coefficient needs to be carried in the uplink message sent by the terminal, and the second indication information is used to indicate that the uplink message sent by the terminal does not need to carry the noise coefficient the transmit power, the trigger frame is the third trigger frame.
  • the terminal generates a third uplink message based on the indication of the first indication information in the third trigger frame. and send the third uplink message to the AP with the transmit power included in the third indication information based on the parsed indication of the third indication information.
  • the AP acquires uplink channel quality information.
  • the AP acquires the uplink channel quality information based on the third uplink packet.
  • the process of acquiring the uplink channel quality information by the AP based on the third uplink packet is the same as the process shown in the foregoing step 405.
  • the AP acquires the uplink channel quality information based on the third uplink packet. The process of the uplink channel quality information will not be repeated.
  • the AP acquires the noise coefficient from the third uplink packet.
  • the AP parses the third uplink packet, and parses the noise coefficient from the third uplink packet.
  • the AP acquires, from the stored transmit power, the transmit power used by the terminal when sending the third uplink packet.
  • the AP obtains the address information of the terminal from the third uplink packet, and based on the address information of the terminal, queries the transmit power corresponding to the address information from the stored transmit power, The queried transmit power is also the transmit power used by the terminal when sending the third uplink message.
  • the process shown in the above steps 1206-1207 is also the process in which the AP obtains the noise figure of the terminal and the transmit power used by the terminal when sending the uplink message.
  • the AP determines downlink channel quality information.
  • step 1208 is the same as the process shown in the above-mentioned step 407, and this step 1208 is not described in detail here in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the AP obtains uplink channel quality information based on the third uplink packet returned by the terminal, obtains the noise coefficient of the terminal from the third uplink packet, and obtains the transmit power of the terminal locally, In this way, the AP obtains the downlink channel quality information based on the uplink channel quality information, the transmit power of the terminal, and the noise coefficient of the terminal, which improves the efficiency of the AP in acquiring the downlink channel quality.
  • the AP can send data to the terminal by adopting a better resource allocation scheme, which optimizes the configuration mode of transmission resources.
  • the AP adjusts the AP's transmit power, the MCS order or subcarrier allocation used when modulating data, etc., so that the AP sends data to the terminal based on the adjusted resource allocation scheme.
  • the third uplink message does not need to carry the transmit power of the terminal, thereby reducing the uplink signaling overhead between the AP and the terminal.
  • the AP acquires the transmit power of the terminal and the noise figure of the terminal locally, so that the AP acquires downlink channel quality information based on the acquired transmit power of the terminal and the noise figure of the terminal.
  • the process refer to the flowchart of a method for determining channel quality information provided by an embodiment of the present application shown in FIG. 14 .
  • the AP stores the transmit power and the noise figure.
  • the AP is any AP
  • the terminal is any terminal that can communicate with the AP.
  • the transmit power is the transmit power of the terminal
  • the transmit power stored by the AP is the transmit power self-reported by the terminal or the preset transmit power of the terminal.
  • the noise figure is the noise figure of the terminal.
  • the AP acquires the transmission power range of the terminal, the noise coefficient of the terminal, and the address information of the terminal, and the AP selects a transmission power from the transmission power range as the terminal to send the uplink report
  • the transmission power of the text time is stored, and the noise figure of the terminal, the address information of the terminal, and the selected transmission power are stored in association.
  • the embodiment of the present application acquires the transmit power range of the terminal from the AP. , the noise figure of the terminal, and the process of the address information of the terminal are not repeated here.
  • the AP can store the transmit power and noise coefficient of multiple terminals in advance.
  • Step 1401 is described by taking the storage of the transmit power and noise coefficient of any one of the multiple terminals as an example.
  • the AP sends a fourth trigger frame to the terminal.
  • the fourth trigger frame is used to instruct the terminal to send an uplink message at the transmit power.
  • the fourth trigger frame carries first indication information and second indication information, and the first indication information is used to indicate that the uplink message sent by the terminal does not need to carry the noise coefficient, and the The second indication information is used to indicate that the uplink message sent by the terminal does not need to carry the transmit power of the terminal, and the fourth trigger frame also carries third indication information to instruct the terminal to send the uplink at the transmit power included in the third indication information. message.
  • the fourth trigger frame does not carry the first indication information and the second indication information, so as to reduce the data amount of the fourth trigger frame and reduce the downlink signaling overhead of the AP and the terminal.
  • the manner in which the fourth trigger frame carries the third indication information is similar to the manner in which the third trigger frame carries the third indication information.
  • the manner in which the fourth trigger frame carries the third indication information is not repeated in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the AP sends a fourth trigger frame to the terminal through a downlink channel between the AP and the terminal.
  • the terminal receives the fourth trigger frame.
  • the terminal receives the fourth trigger frame from the downlink channel between the AP and the terminal
  • the terminal sends a fourth uplink packet to the AP.
  • the terminal sends a fourth uplink packet to the AP through an uplink channel between the AP and the terminal based on the fourth trigger frame.
  • the terminal can parse the third indication information from the trigger frame, but cannot parse the second indication information and the first indication information, Or if the second indication information and/or the first indication information can be parsed, but the parsed first indication information is used to indicate that the uplink message sent by the terminal does not need to carry the noise coefficient of the terminal, the second indication information is used
  • the trigger frame is the fourth trigger frame;
  • the included transmit power that is, the transmit power specified by the AP is used to send the fourth uplink packet to the AP.
  • the AP acquires uplink channel quality information.
  • the AP acquires uplink channel quality information based on the fourth uplink packet.
  • the process of acquiring the uplink channel quality information by the AP based on the fourth uplink packet is the same as the process shown in step 405 above.
  • the AP acquires the uplink channel based on the fourth uplink packet.
  • the process of quality information is not described in detail.
  • the terminal acquires the noise figure and transmit power of the terminal from the stored transmit power and noise figure.
  • the transmit power is the transmit power used by the terminal when sending the fourth uplink message.
  • the AP acquires the address information of the terminal from the fourth uplink packet, and based on the address information of the terminal, from the stored transmit power and noise coefficient, inquires about the address information corresponding to the address information
  • the transmitted power and noise coefficient of the terminal, and the queried noise coefficient and transmission power are also the noise coefficient of the terminal and the transmit power used by the terminal to send the fourth uplink message.
  • the process shown in this step 1406 is also the process in which the AP obtains the noise figure of the terminal and the transmit power used when sending the uplink message.
  • the AP determines downlink channel quality information.
  • step 1407 is the same as the process shown in the above-mentioned step 407, and here, this embodiment of the present application does not repeat the description of this step 1407.
  • the AP acquires uplink channel quality information based on the fourth uplink packet returned by the terminal, and locally acquires the noise coefficient of the terminal and the transmit power used by the terminal when sending the fourth packet, In this way, the AP acquires the downlink channel quality information based on the uplink channel quality information, the transmit power of the terminal, and the noise coefficient of the terminal, which improves the efficiency of the AP in acquiring the downlink channel quality.
  • the AP can send data to the terminal by adopting a better resource allocation scheme, which optimizes the configuration mode of transmission resources.
  • the AP adjusts the AP's transmit power, the MCS order or subcarrier allocation used when modulating data, etc., so that the AP sends data to the terminal based on the adjusted resource allocation scheme.
  • the fourth uplink message does not need to carry the transmit power of the terminal and the noise information of the terminal relative to the first uplink message, the second uplink message and the third uplink message, thereby reducing the communication between the AP and the terminal. Uplink signaling overhead.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication apparatus 1500, and the apparatus 1500 may be an AP or part of an AP in each of the previous embodiments or FIG. 4, FIG. 9, FIG. 11, FIG. 12, or FIG. 14, using
  • the apparatus 1500 includes a receiving unit 1510 , an obtaining unit 1520 and a determining unit 1530 .
  • the receiving unit 1510 is configured to receive the uplink message sent by the terminal;
  • the acquiring unit 1520 is configured to acquire uplink channel quality information based on the uplink message
  • the determining unit 1530 is configured to determine the downlink channel quality information based on the uplink channel quality information, the noise coefficient of the terminal, and the transmit power used by the terminal when sending the uplink message.
  • At least one of the noise figure and the transmit power is sent by the terminal; or, at least one of the noise figure and the transmit power is stored in the AP.
  • the uplink message carries at least one of the noise figure and the transmit power.
  • the uplink packet includes at least one of a first field and a second field, where the first field is used to carry the noise figure, and the second field is used to carry the transmit power.
  • At least one of the first field and the second field is located in the medium access control MAC header of the uplink message, or is located in the physical layer convergence protocol PLCP header of the uplink message.
  • the apparatus 1500 further includes:
  • a first sending unit configured to send a trigger frame to the terminal, where the trigger frame carries at least one of first indication information and second indication information, and the first indication information is used to instruct the terminal to send the AP to the terminal Whether the sent uplink message carries the noise coefficient, and the second indication information is used to indicate whether the uplink message sent by the terminal to the AP carries the transmit power.
  • the apparatus 1500 further includes:
  • a second sending unit configured to send a trigger frame to the terminal, where the trigger frame carries third indication information, where the third indication information is used to instruct the terminal to send the uplink message at the transmit power.
  • the first sending unit and the second sending unit may be the same sending unit, or may be two mutually independent sending units.
  • the downlink channel quality information includes a downlink signal-to-noise ratio.
  • the apparatus 1500 corresponds to the AP in the above method embodiments, and each module in the apparatus 1500 and the above other operations and/or functions are respectively implemented to implement various steps and methods for the AP in the method embodiments.
  • the specific details may be Referring to the above method embodiments, for brevity, details are not repeated here.
  • the device 1500 determines the downlink channel quality information, it is only illustrated by the division of the above-mentioned functional modules. It is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.
  • the apparatus 1500 provided in the foregoing embodiment belongs to the same concept as the foregoing method embodiment, and the specific implementation process thereof is detailed in the foregoing method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.
  • apparatus 1500 may be equivalent to the AP 101 in the system 100, or equivalent to an execution component in the AP 101.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication apparatus 1600.
  • the apparatus 1600 may be a terminal or part of a terminal in each of the foregoing embodiments or in FIG. 4, FIG. 9, FIG. 11, FIG. 12, or FIG. 14, using
  • the apparatus 1600 includes a receiving unit 1610 and a sending unit 1620 .
  • the receiving unit 1610 is used for receiving the trigger frame.
  • the sending unit 1620 is configured to send an uplink message to the AP based on the trigger frame, where the uplink message carries a noise figure and or transmit power, where the noise figure and or transmit power are used to determine downlink channel quality information.
  • the trigger frame carries at least one of first indication information and second indication information, and the first indication information is used to indicate whether the uplink packet sent by the terminal to the AP carries noise coefficient, and the second indication information is used to indicate whether the uplink message sent by the terminal to the AP carries transmit power.
  • the uplink packet includes at least one of a first field and a second field, where the first field is used to carry the noise figure, and the second field is used to carry the transmit power.
  • At least one of the first field and the second field is located in the medium access control MAC header of the uplink message, or is located in the physical layer convergence protocol PLCP header of the uplink message.
  • the sending unit 1620 is further configured to send the agreed uplink message to the AP if the sending condition is satisfied.
  • the sending condition includes an agreed sending time of the uplink packet, or an agreed sending period of the uplink packet.
  • the apparatus 1600 corresponds to the terminal in the above method embodiments, and each module in the apparatus 1600 and the above-mentioned other operations and/or functions are respectively to implement various steps and methods implemented by the terminal in the method embodiments, and the specific details may be Referring to the above method embodiments, for brevity, details are not repeated here.
  • the apparatus 1600 returns an uplink message to the AP, it is only illustrated by the division of the above-mentioned functional modules. The structure is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.
  • the apparatus 1600 provided in the foregoing embodiment belongs to the same concept as the foregoing method embodiment, and the specific implementation process thereof is detailed in the foregoing method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.
  • the apparatus 1600 may be equivalent to the terminal 102 in the system 100 , or equivalent to an execution component in the terminal 102 .
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication apparatus 1700, and the apparatus 1700 may be a terminal or part of a terminal in each of the foregoing embodiments or in FIG. 4, FIG. 9, FIG. 11, FIG. 12, or FIG.
  • the apparatus 1700 includes a receiving unit 1710 and a sending unit 1720;
  • the receiving unit 1710 is configured to receive a trigger frame, where the trigger frame carries at least one of first indication information and second indication information, and the first indication information is used to indicate the uplink sent by the terminal to the AP. Whether the message carries a noise figure, and the second indication information is used to indicate whether the uplink message sent by the terminal to the AP carries transmit power;
  • the sending unit 1720 is configured to send the uplink packet to the AP based on the trigger frame.
  • the uplink packet includes at least one of a first field and a second field, where the first field is used to carry the noise figure, and the second field is used to carry the transmit power.
  • At least one of the first field and the second field is located in the medium access control MAC header of the uplink message, or is located in the physical layer convergence protocol PLCP header of the uplink message.
  • the sending unit 1720 is further configured to send the agreed uplink message to the AP if the sending condition is satisfied.
  • the sending condition includes an agreed sending time of the uplink packet, or an agreed sending period of the uplink packet.
  • the apparatus 1700 corresponds to the terminal in the above method embodiments, and each module in the apparatus 1700 and the above-mentioned other operations and/or functions are respectively to implement various steps and methods implemented by the terminal in the method embodiments, and the specific details may be Referring to the above method embodiments, for brevity, details are not repeated here.
  • the apparatus 1700 returns an uplink message to the AP, it is only illustrated by the division of the above-mentioned functional modules. The structure is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.
  • the apparatus 1700 provided in the foregoing embodiment belongs to the same concept as the foregoing method embodiment, and the specific implementation process thereof is detailed in the foregoing method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.
  • apparatus 1700 may be equivalent to the terminal 102 in the system 100 , or equivalent to an execution component in the terminal 102 .
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application. It should be understood that the apparatus introduced below can implement any function of the AP or terminal in any of the above methods.
  • the communication device 1800 shown in FIG. 18 is configured as the AP or terminal described above, and the communication device 1800 includes one or more processors 1801, a communication bus 1802, a memory 1803, and one or more communication interfaces 1804 and one or more antenna panels 1805.
  • the processor 1801 is a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU), a network processing unit (NP), a microprocessor, or one or more integrated circuits for implementing the solution of the present application, for example, a dedicated Integrated circuit (application-specific integrated circuit, ASIC), programmable logic device (programmable logic device, PLD) or a combination thereof.
  • a dedicated Integrated circuit application-specific integrated circuit, ASIC
  • programmable logic device programmable logic device, PLD
  • the above-mentioned PLD is a complex programmable logic device (complex programmable logic device, CPLD), a field-programmable gate array (field-programmable gate array, FPGA), a general array logic (generic array logic, GAL) or any of them. combination.
  • a communication bus 1802 is used to transfer information between the aforementioned components.
  • the communication bus 1802 is divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, and the like.
  • address bus a bus that is shared between the aforementioned components.
  • data bus a data bus that is shared between the aforementioned components.
  • control bus a bus that is shared between the aforementioned components.
  • the communication bus 1802 is divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, and the like.
  • only one thick line is used in the figure, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.
  • the memory 1803 is a read-only memory (read-only memory, ROM), a random access memory (random access memory, RAM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (electrically erasable programmable read-only memory, EEPROM) , optical disc (including compact disc read-only memory, CD-ROM, compact disc, laser disc, digital versatile disc, Blu-ray disc, etc.), magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or can be used for portable or any other medium that stores desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto.
  • the memory 1803 exists independently and is connected to the processor 1801 through the communication bus 1802, or the memory 1803 is integrated with the processor 1801.
  • the Communication interface 1804 uses any transceiver-like device for communicating with other devices or a communication network.
  • the communication interface 1804 includes a wired communication interface and, optionally, a wireless communication interface.
  • the wired communication interface is, for example, an Ethernet interface.
  • the Ethernet interface is an optical interface, an electrical interface or a combination thereof.
  • the wireless communication interface is a wireless local area network (wireless local area network, WLAN) interface, a cellular network communication interface, or a combination thereof.
  • the antenna panel 1805 is provided with a plurality of antennas, and the antenna panel 1805 is used for sending and receiving data, and performing data transmission with other devices.
  • the communication device 1800 includes multiple processors, such as processor 1801 and processor 1806 as shown in FIG. 18 .
  • processors are a single-core processor, or a multi-core processor.
  • a processor herein refers to one or more devices, circuits, and/or processing cores for processing data (eg, computer program instructions).
  • the communication apparatus 1800 further includes an output device 1807 and an input device 1808 .
  • the output device 1807 is in communication with the processor 1801 and can display information in a variety of ways.
  • the output device 1807 is a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display device, a cathode ray tube (CRT) display device, a projector, or the like.
  • Input device 1808 is in communication with processor 1801 and can receive user input in a variety of ways.
  • the input device 1808 is a mouse, a keyboard, a touch screen device or a sensing device, or the like.
  • the memory 1803 is used to store the program code 1810 for executing the solutions of the present application, and the processor 1801 can execute the program code 1810 stored in the memory 1803 .
  • the program code 1810 includes one or more software modules, and the communication apparatus 1800 can implement the channel quality information determination method provided by the above method embodiments through the processor 1801 and the program code 1810 in the memory 1803 .
  • the apparatus 1800 corresponds to the terminal or AP in the above method embodiments, and the hardware, modules and other operations and/or functions in the apparatus 1800 are respectively implemented to implement various steps and methods performed by the terminal or AP in the method embodiments.
  • the apparatus 1800 corresponding to the AP in the above method embodiments as an example, the detailed process of how the apparatus 1800 determines the downlink channel quality information can be found in the above method embodiments for details, which are not repeated here for brevity.
  • each step performed by the AP in the above method embodiment is completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in the processor of the apparatus 1800 or an instruction in the form of software.
  • the steps performed by the AP in combination with the methods disclosed in the embodiments of the present application may be directly embodied as executed by a hardware processor, or executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.
  • the software modules may be located in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers and other storage media mature in the art.
  • the storage medium is located in the memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory, and completes the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware. To avoid repetition, detailed description is omitted here.
  • the device 1800 corresponds to any one of the device 1500, the device 1600 or the device 1700 in the above virtual device embodiment, and all or part of the functional modules in the device 1800 may actually use software, hardware, or software and hardware in the device 1800. realized in a combined way.
  • the functional modules included in any of the apparatuses may be generated after the processor of the apparatus 1800 reads the program codes stored in the memory.
  • the communication device provided by the above embodiment determines the downlink channel quality information
  • only the division of the above functional modules is used for illustration.
  • the above functions can be allocated to different functional modules according to needs.
  • the structure is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.
  • the embodiments of the method for determining channel quality information provided by the above embodiments belong to the same concept, and the specific implementation process thereof is detailed in the method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.
  • Embodiments of the present application further provide a communication apparatus, including one or more processors and one or more memories.
  • the one or more memories are coupled to the one or more processors for storing computer program code comprising computer instructions which, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the communication apparatus to perform
  • the above-mentioned relevant method steps implement the method for determining the channel quality information in the above-mentioned embodiment.
  • the communication device may be an AP or a terminal provided in this embodiment of the present application.
  • a computer-readable storage medium such as a memory including program codes
  • the program codes can be executed by a processor in an AP or a terminal to complete the method for determining channel quality information in the foregoing embodiments.
  • the computer-readable storage medium is a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium such as ROM, RAM, CD-ROM, magnetic tapes, floppy disks, optical data storage devices, and the like.
  • Embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program product or computer program, where the computer program product or computer program includes computer instructions, where the computer instructions are stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the processor of the communication device is stored in the computer-readable storage medium. After reading the computer instructions, the processor executes the computer instructions, so that the communication device executes the above-mentioned method for determining channel quality information.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide an apparatus, which may specifically be a chip, a component or a module, and the apparatus may include a connected processor and a memory; wherein, the memory is used for storing computer execution instructions, and when the apparatus is running, The processor can execute the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory, so that the chip executes the method for determining channel quality information executed by the communication apparatus in each of the above method embodiments.
  • the communication device, computer-readable storage medium, computer program product or chip provided in this embodiment are all used to execute the corresponding method provided above. Therefore, for the beneficial effects that can be achieved, reference may be made to the above-provided method. The beneficial effects in the corresponding method will not be repeated here.
  • the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners.
  • the device embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of the modules or units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.
  • multiple units or components may be Incorporation may either be integrated into another device, or some features may be omitted, or not implemented.
  • the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may be one physical unit or multiple physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple different places . Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution in this embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically alone, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above-mentioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware, or may be implemented in the form of software functional units.
  • the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it may be stored in a readable storage medium.
  • the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can be embodied in the form of software products in essence, or the parts that contribute to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solutions, which are stored in a storage medium , including several instructions to make a device (may be a single chip microcomputer, a chip, etc.) or a processor (processor) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U disk, a removable hard disk, a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk and other mediums that can store program codes.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种信道质量信息确定方法及装置，属于无线通信技术领域。在本方法中，AP基于终端返回的上行报文获取上行信道质量信息，并获取终端的发射功率以及终端的噪声系数，以便该AP基于上行信道质量信息、终端的发射功率以及终端的噪声系数，来获取下行信道质量信息，提高了AP获取下行信道质量的效率。

Description

信道质量信息确定方法及装置
本申请要求于2021年03月31日提交的申请号为202110352005.0、发明名称为“信道质量信息确定方法及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及无线通信技术领域，特别涉及一种信道质量信息确定方法及装置。
背景技术
电气与电子工程师协会(institute of electrical and electronics engineers，IEEE)802.11无线局域网通常被称为Wi-Fi网络，Wi-Fi网络已经成为针对互联网最后一跳接入技术的一个普遍的解决方案。在主流标准协议(如802.11a、802.11b、802.11g、802.11n、802.11ac以及802.11ax等)的推动下，Wi-Fi网络也在不断地演进，旨在不断地提高频谱利用率。
在Wi-Fi网络中，一般接入点(access point，AP)采用自适应调整的资源分配方案，向终端发送数据。例如，AP向终端发送数据时所采用的发射功率、调制编码策略(modulation and coding scheme，MCS)阶数或者子载波分配，均是基于下行信道质量(即下行信道的信道质量)来动态调整的。
由于AP与终端之间的下行信道质量可能是随时间变化的，且一个AP可以同时为多个终端提供服务，因此，亟需一种使得AP能够高效获取到下行信道质量的方法。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种信道质量信息确定方法及装置，能够使得AP确定出下行信道质量信息，提高了AP获取下行信道质量的效率。该技术方案如下：
第一方面，提供了一种信道质量信息确定方法，所述方法由访问接入点AP来执行，所述方法包括：
接收终端发送的上行报文；基于所述上行报文，获取上行信道质量信息；基于所述上行信道质量信息、所述终端的噪声系数以及所述终端发送所述上行报文时所采用的发射功率，确定下行信道质量信息。
在本方法中，AP基于终端返回的上行报文获取上行信道质量信息，并获取终端的发射功率以及终端的噪声系数，以便该AP基于上行信道质量信息、终端的发射功率以及终端的噪声系数，来获取下行信道质量信息，提高了AP获取下行信道质量的效率。AP可以针对下行信道质量信息所反映的下行信道质量，采用较优的资源分配方案向终端发送数据，优化传输资源的配置方式。例如，AP基于下行信道质量信息调整AP的发射功率、调制数据时所采用MCS阶数或子载波分配等，以便AP基于调整后的资源分配方案向终端发送数据。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述噪声系数以及所述发射功率中的至少一个由所述终端发送；或，所述噪声系数以及所述发射功率中的至少一个存储在所述AP中。
基于上述可能的实现方式，对于终端的噪声系数以及终端的发射功率，提供多种来源， 提高了该AP获取终端的噪声系数以及发射功率的多样性。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述噪声系数以及所述发射功率中的至少一个由所述终端发送时，所述上行报文携带所述噪声系数以及所述发射功率中的至少一个。
基于上述可能的实现方式，终端的噪声系数以及终端的发射功率，直接由终端发送的上行报文携带，从而能够在信道测量过程中，同时完成终端的性能参数的传输。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述上行报文包括第一字段和第二字段中的至少一个，所述第一字段用于携带所述噪声系数，所述第二字段用于携带所述发射功率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一字段以及所述第二字段中的至少一个位于所述上行报文的媒介接入控制MAC头部，或，位于所述上行报文的物理层汇聚协议PLCP头部。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一字段以及所述第二字段中的至少一个位于所述MAC头部中的高吞吐控制字段。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述MAC头部还包括帧控制字段、持续(duration)时间字段、地址字段以及帧校验序列FCS字段中的至少一个，其中，所述帧控制字段用于携带所述MAC头部的控制信息，所述持续时间字段用于携带所述上行报文占用上行信道的时间，所述地址字段用于携带所述AP的地址信息以及所述终端的地址信息，所述FCS字段用于携带帧校验序列。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一字段以及所述第二字段中的至少一个为所述PLCP头部中的扩展字段，或者为所述PLCP头部中的保留字段。
基于上述可能的实现方式，提供多种携带方式，以便所述上行报文携带终端的噪声系数以及终端的发射功率的中的至少一个。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述接收终端发送的上行报文之前，所述方法还包括：
向所述终端发送触发帧，所述触发帧携带第一指示信息和第二指示信息中的至少一个，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述终端向所述AP发送的上行报文中是否携带所述噪声系数，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述终端向所述AP发送的上行报文中是否携带所述发射功率。
基于上述可能的实现方式，该AP可根据对终端性能参数的不同需求，通过在触发帧中携带第一指示信息以及第二指示信息，以指示终端基于这些指示信息的指示，向AP返回携带不同性能参数的上行报文。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述发射功率存储在所述AP中时，所述接收终端发送的上行报文之前，所述方法还包括：
向所述终端发送触发帧，所述触发帧携带第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息用于指示所述终端以所述发射功率发送所述上行报文。
基于上述可能的实现方式，该AP直接在触发帧中指定该终端以特定的发射功率发送上行报文，以便终端能够采用AP指定的发射功率，向AP发送上行报文。此时对于AP而言，终端所采用的发射功率是已知的，则终端发送给AP的上行报文可以不携带发射功率，从而降低了AP与终端之间的上行信令开销。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述下行信道质量信息包括下行信噪比。
第二方面，提供了一种信道质量信息确定方法，所述方法由终端来执行，所述方法包括：
接收触发帧，所述触发帧携带第一指示信息和第二指示信息中的至少一个，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述终端向AP发送的上行报文中是否携带噪声系数，所述第二指示信息用 于指示所述终端向所述AP发送的上行报文中是否携带发射功率；
基于所述触发帧，向所述AP发送上行报文。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述上行报文包括第一字段和第二字段中的至少一个，所述第一字段用于携带所述噪声系数，所述第二字段用于携带所述发射功率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一字段以及所述第二字段中的至少一个位于所述上行报文的媒介接入控制MAC头部，或，位于所述上行报文的物理层汇聚协议PLCP头部。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：
若满足发送条件，向所述AP发送约定的上行报文。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述发送条件包括约定的上行报文的发送时间，或约定的上行报文的发送周期。
第三方面，提供了一种信道质量信息确定方法，所述方法由终端来执行，所述方法包括：
接收触发帧，基于所述触发帧，向AP发送上行报文，所述上行报文携带噪声系数和或发射功率，所述噪声系数和或发射功率用于确定下行信道质量信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述触发帧携带第一指示信息和第二指示信息中的至少一个，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述终端向所述AP发送的所述上行报文中是否携带噪声系数，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述终端向所述AP发送的所述上行报文中是否携带发射功率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述上行报文包括第一字段和第二字段中的至少一个，所述第一字段用于携带所述噪声系数，所述第二字段用于携带所述发射功率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：
若满足发送条件，向所述AP发送约定的上行报文。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述发送条件包括约定的上行报文的发送时间，或约定的上行报文的发送周期。
第四方面，提供了一种通信装置，用于执行上述信道质量信息确定方法。具体地，该通信装置包括用于执行上述第一方面或上述第一方面的任一种可选方式提供的信道质量信息确定方法的功能模块。
第五方面，提供了一种通信装置，用于执行上述信道质量信息确定方法。具体地，该通信装置包括用于执行上述第二方面或上述第二方面的任一种可选方式提供的信道质量信息确定方法的功能模块。
第六方面，提供了一种通信装置，用于执行上述信道质量信息确定方法。具体地，该通信装置包括用于执行上述第三方面或上述第三方面的任一种可选方式提供的信道质量信息确定方法的功能模块。
第七方面，提供一种通信装置，该通信装置包括处理器，该处理器用于执行程序代码，使得所述通信装置执行上述第一方面或上述第一方面的任一种可选方式提供的信道质量信息确定方法。
第八方面，提供一种通信装置，该通信装置包括处理器，该处理器用于执行程序代码，使得所述通信装置执行上述第二方面或上述第二方面的任一种可选方式提供的信道质量信息确定方法。
第九方面，提供一种通信装置，该通信装置包括处理器，该处理器用于执行程序代码，使得所述通信装置执行上述第三方面或上述第三方面的任一种可选方式提供的信道质量信息 确定方法。
第十方面，提供一种计算机可读存储介质，该存储介质中存储有至少一条程序代码，该程序代码由处理器读取，以使通信装置执行以实现如上述信道质量信息确定方法所执行的操作。
第十一方面，提供了一种计算机程序产品或计算机程序，该计算机程序产品或计算机程序包括程序代码，该程序代码存储在计算机可读存储介质中，通信装置的处理器从计算机可读存储介质读取该程序代码，处理器执行该程序代码，使得该通信装置执行上述信道质量信息确定方法及其各种可选实现方式中提供的方法。
第十二方面，提供了一种芯片，所述芯片包括逻辑电路和接口电路，所述逻辑电路用于执行第一方面、第二方面或第三方面以及其任意一种可能的实现方式的方法中的获取或确定的步骤，所述接口电路，用于执行第一方面、第二方面或第三方面以及其任意一种可能的实现方式的方法中的发送或接收的动作，此种情况下，“发送”等同于“输出”，“接收”等同于“输入”。例如，当芯片用于执行第一方面所述的方法时，提供一种芯片，所述芯片包括第一逻辑电路和第一接口电路，所述第一接口电路用于输入终端发送的上行报文，所述第一逻辑电路基于所述上行报文获取上行信道质量信息，所述第一逻辑电路基于所述上行信道质量信息、所述终端的噪声系数以及所述终端发送所述上行报文时所采用的发射功率，确定下行信道质量信息。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例提供的一种WLAN部署场景的系统示意图；
图2是本申请实施例提供的一种信道测量方法的原理示意图；
图3是本申请实施例提供的另一种信道测量方法的原理示意图；
图4是本申请实施例提供的一种信道质量信息确定方法的流程图；
图5是本申请实施例提供的一种上行信道质量信息获取方法的流程图；
图6是本申请实施例提供的一种HT control字段的结构示意图；
图7是本申请实施例提供的一种MAC帧的结构示意图；
图8是本申请实施例提供的一种上行报文的结构示意图；
图9是本申请实施例提供的一种信道质量信息确定方法的流程图；
图10是本申请实施例提供的一种信道测量的示意图；
图11是本申请实施例提供的一种信道质量信息确定方法的流程图；
图12是本申请实施例提供的一种信道质量信息确定方法的流程图；
图13是本申请实施例提供的一种扩展的用户信息字段的结构示意图；
图14是本申请实施例提供的一种信道质量信息确定方法的流程图；
图15是本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图；
图16是本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图；
图17是本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图；
图18是本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本申请实施方式作进一步地详细描述。
本申请实施例可以应用于无线局域网(wireless local area network，WLAN)，WLAN中可以包括一个或者多个AP，一个或者多个STA。AP称为接入点，也可以称之为热点等。AP是用户终端进入有线网络的接入点，主要部署于家庭、大楼内部以及园区内部。典型的AP覆盖半径为几十米至上百米。应理解，AP也可以部署于户外。AP相当于一个连接有线网和无线网的桥梁，其主要作用是将各个无线网络的客户端连接到一起，然后将无线网络接入以太网。目前AP主要采用的标准为电气和电子工程师协会(institute of electrical and electronics engineers，IEEE)802.11系列，例如802.11ax或802.11be标准。AP可以为支持WLAN制式的设备，例如，AP可以是带有无线保真(wireless fidelity，WiFi)芯片的终端设备或者网络设备。AP是具有无线收发功能的通信装置，例如通信服务器、路由器、交换机、网桥、微基站或小基站或WLAN通信系统中的接入点等。每个AP均能够基于802.11协议(或其他通信协议)与其他网元进行通信。
STA称为站点(station，STA)，在本申请中STA可以称之为终端站点、用户终端、用户装置，接入装置，订户站，订户单元，移动站，用户代理，用户装备、便携式终端、膝上型终端、台式终端等其他名称。STA可以是带有无线通讯芯片、无线传感器或无线通信终端。STA可以为支持WLAN制式的设备，例如，STA可以是支持WiFi通讯功能的移动电话、支持WiFi通讯功能的平板电脑、支持WiFi通讯功能的机顶盒、支持WiFi通讯功能的智能电视、支持WiFi通讯功能的智能可穿戴设备、支持WiFi通讯功能的计算机、支持WiFi通讯功能的人工智能(artificial intelligence，AI)产品、或支持WiFi通讯功能的物联网(internet of things，IoT)终端。例如智能手机、平板电脑、动态影像专家压缩标准音频层面3(moving picture experts group audio layer III，MP3)播放器、动态影像专家压缩标准音频层面4(moving picture experts group audio Layer IV，MP4)播放器、笔记本电脑、台式电脑、通信服务器、路由器、交换机、网桥、智能手环、智能音箱、智能汽车、智能仪器、智能器械、智能打印机、工业智能计算机、智能扫码设备或智能监测终端等。
图1是本申请实施例提供的一种WLAN部署场景的系统示意图，参见图1，该系统100包括至少一个AP101以及至少一个终端102(在图1中仅示出了一个AP101与一个终端102)。其中，各个接入点101之间能够通过有线或者无线连接以进行通信，终端102能够与各个接入点101通过有线或者无线连接以进行通信。
该系统100中的每个AP 101均能够实现本申请实施例提供的信道质量信息确定方法，以下实施例以其中一个AP101与一个终端102为例对该方法进行说明。
为了保证AP与终端之间的通信质量，AP实时或周期性地对AP与终端之间的信道进行测量。其中，AP进行信道测量的方式包括显式信道测量以及隐式信道测量。
例如图2所示的本申请实施例提供的一种信道测量方法的原理示意图，这种方法可以成为显式信道测量(explicit sounding),是一种由终端测量下行信道，并以数据形式将所测量到的信道信息发送给AP的测量方式。如图2所示，AP向终端发送信道测量通知帧，该信道测量通知帧用于指示该终端进行显式信道测量。例如，该信道测量通知帧为802.11协议中规定的空数据报文通知帧(null data packet announcement，NDPA)。当该AP通过信道测量通知帧通知终端进行显式信道测量后，该AP向终端发送携带信道测量序列的信道测量帧，该信道 测量帧用于测量该AP与终端之间的下行信道。例如该信道测量帧为802.11协议中规定的空数据报文帧(null data packet，NDP)。当终端接收到该信道测量帧后，该终端基于该信道测量帧中的信道测量序列，对该下行信道进行信道测量，得到该AP与该终端之间的下行空口信道信息。并向该AP发送携带该下行空口信道信息的信道测量反馈帧，以便AP从该信道测量反馈帧中获取该下行空口信道信息，以实现显式信道测量。
其中，该信道测量序列为用于信道测量的信号序列，该信道测量序列可以有其他名称，例如，在蜂窝协议中，该信道测量序列被称为参考信号。再例如，在Wi-Fi标准中，该信道测量序列被称为长训练字段(long training field，LTF)，如下文中的非高吞吐短训练字段(non-HT short training field，L-STF)、极高吞吐短训练字段(EHT short training field，EHT-STF)等。该下行空口信道信息包括多天线波束赋形矩阵信息以及下行信道质量信息。该多天线波束赋形矩阵信息用于指示AP的天线与终端的天线之间的相对信道关系，例如用于对天线系统预编码的预编码矩阵的矩阵信息。AP和终端的天线越多，预编码矩阵的维度越高，相应地，下行空口信道信息的数据量越大。而随着802.11协议的演进以及终端技术的发展，AP的天线数目以及终端的天线数目均越来越多。那么，在进行上述的显式信道测量过程中，终端发送的信道测量反馈帧中下行空口信道信息的数据量会比较大，将会导致信道测量反馈帧在向AP传输的过程中，占用大量的空口时间，从而导致显式信道测量的测量时长较长，信道测量效率低。
再例如图3所示的本申请实施例提供的另外一种信道测量方法的原理示意图，这种信道测量方法也可以叫做隐式信道测量(implicit sounding)，是一种由AP测量上行信道，并利用信道互易性反推下行信道信息，无需终端反馈的测量方式。如图3所示，AP向终端发送信道测量触发帧，该信道测量触发帧用于指示该终端进行隐式信道测量。当该终端接收到该信道测量触发帧之后，该终端向AP发送信道测量帧。当该AP接收到信道测量帧之后，该AP基于该信道测量帧进行信道测量，得到该AP与该终端之间的上行空口信道信息，其中，该上行空口信道信息包括上行信道质量信息以及多天线波束赋形矩阵信息。
在上述隐式信道测量过程中，终端向AP反馈的信道测量帧不携带下行空口信道信息。可见，信道测量帧的数据量远小于显式信道测量时终端发送的信道测量反馈帧的数据量。信道测量帧所占用的空口时间少于该信道测量反馈帧所占用的空口时间，则隐式信道测量的测量时长低于显式信道测量的测量时长，隐式信道测量的测量效率高于显式信道测量的测量效率在隐式信道测量的过程中。但是在隐式信道测量的过程中，AP对下行信道质量一直是未知的，则AP无法基于未知的下行信道质量，自适应调整资源分配方案。
在一种可能的实现方式中，为了便于AP在隐式信道测量过程中，获取到下行信道质量信息，AP通过向终端发送触发帧，以触发终端向AP返回上行报文，以便该AP基于终端返回的上行报文，获取下行信道质量信息，以实现信道测量。为了进一步说明该过程，参见图4所示的本申请实施例提供的一种信道质量信息确定过程的流程图。
401、AP向终端发送触发帧。
触发帧用于指示该终端向该AP返回上行报文，以进行信道测量。其中，该AP为任一AP，该终端为能够与该AP进行通信的任一终端。在一种可能的实现方式中，该触发帧为专门用于触发终端进行信道测量的信道测量触发帧，即该信道测量触发帧本身具有触发终端进行信道测量的功能，例如该触发帧为802.12协议里规定的触发帧(trigger frame)，以通知终 端进行信道测量。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当该AP与该终端之间的下行信道的占用率小于第一阈值时，说明此时下行信道的信道资源充足，则该AP通过该下行信道向该终端发送该信道测量帧，以触发该终端向该AP发送上行报文。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该触发帧为数据报文且该数据报文携带触发信息，该触发信息用于触发终端进行信道测量，该数据报文本身不具有触发终端进行信道测量的功能，而数据报文中的触发信息具有触发终端进行信道测量的功能。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当该下行信道的占用率大于或等于第一阈值时，说明此时下行信道的信道资源不足，为了避免该AP发送下行信道测量帧而进一步占用信道资源，则该AP通过该下行信道向该终端发送携带该触发信息的数据报文，从而在不影响其他业务的业务数据正常传输的同时，还能触发该终端向该AP发送上行报文。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该触发帧包括第一指示信息和第二指示信息中的至少一个，该第一指示信息用于指示该终端向该AP发送的上行报文中是否携带该终端的噪声系数。例如，若第一指示信息承载在一个比特上进行指示。若第一指示信息为1，则指示该终端发送的上行报文中需要携带该噪声系数，若该第一指示信息为0，则指示该终端发送的上行报文中不需要携带该噪声系数。或者，若第一指示信息为0，则指示该终端发送的上行报文中需要携带该噪声系数，若该第一指示信息为1，则指示该终端发送的上行报文中不需要携带该噪声系数。该第二指示信息用于指示该终端向该AP发送的上行报文中是否携带该终端发送上行报文所采用的发射功率。例如，若第二指示信息承载在一个比特上进行指示。若第二指示信息为1，则指示该终端发送的上行报文中需要携带该发射功率，若该第二指示信息为0，则指示该终端发送的上行报文中不需要携带该发射功率。或者，若第二指示信息为0，则指示该终端发送的上行报文中需要携带该发射功率，若该第二指示信息为1，则指示该终端发送的上行报文中不需要携带该发射功率。本申请实施例中仅给出指示的举例说明，能够达到相同的指示效果的指示方法均包括在内，在此不做限制。
以触发帧包括第一指示信息以及第二指示信息为例进行介绍。AP基于信道测量的需求，通过触发帧携带第一指示信息以及第二指示信息，来指示终端返回携带不同性能参数(如发射功率和噪声系数等)的上行报文。例如，若信道测量需求为AP需要从终端获取终端的发射功率以及终端的噪声系数，则AP向终端发送携带第一指示信息以及第二指示信息均为1的触发帧；若信道测量需求为AP不需要从终端获取终端的发射功率以及终端的噪声系数，则AP向终端发送携带第一指示信息以及第二指示信息均为0的触发帧。
携带不同取值的第一指示信息以及第二指示信息的触发帧，能够指示终端返回不同携带不同性能参数的上行报文，为了便于描述，对携带不同取值的第一指示信息以及第二指示信息的触发帧进行如下分类：
若该触发帧携带第一指示信息以及第二指示信息，且该第一指示信息用于指示该终端发送的上行报文中需要携带该噪声系数，该第二指示信息用于指示该终端发送的上行报文中需要携带该发射功率，则该触发帧为第一触发帧；
若该触发帧携带第一指示信息以及第二指示信息，且该第一指示信息用于指示该终端发送的上行报文中不需要携带该噪声系数，该第二指示信息用于指示该终端发送的上行报文中需要携带该发射功率，则该触发帧为第二触发帧；
若该触发帧携带第一指示信息以及第二指示信息，且该第一指示信息用于指示该终端发送的上行报文中需要携带该噪声系数，该第二指示信息用于指示该终端发送的上行报文中不需要携带终端的发射功率，则该触发帧为第三触发帧；
若该触发帧携带第一指示信息以及第二指示信息，且该第一指示信息用于指示该终端发送的上行报文中不需要携带该噪声系数，该第二指示信息用于指示该终端发送的上行报文中不需要携带终端的发射功率，则该触发帧为第四触发帧。
后续将结合不同的实施例，对AP基于不同的触发帧，触发终端返回携带不同性能参数的上行报文的过程进行介绍。
402、该终端接收该触发帧。
该终端从该AP与该终端之间的下行信道接收该触发帧。
步骤401和步骤402均为可选步骤。在一些实施例中，若该终端发送的用于信道测量的上行报文由该触发帧触发，则在信道测量的过程中，该AP执行步骤401，该终端执行步骤402。在一些实施例中，若该AP与该终端已经约定终端主动向该AP发送用于信道测量的上行报文，则该AP可以不执行上述步骤401，相应地，该终端也不执行本步骤402。
403、该终端向该AP发送上行报文。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该上行报文为上行测量报文，该上行测量报文为终端向AP发送的用于信道测量的测量报文，例如图3中的信道测量帧。该上行测量报文携带信道测量所需的相关信息，但不携带信道测量业务以外的其他业务的业务数据。其中，该其他业务包括游戏业务、语音业务以及视频业务等，相应地，其他业务的业务数据包括游戏数据、语音数据以及视频数据等。
在另一种可能的实现方式中，该上行报文为上行数据报文，该上行数据报文为终端向AP发送的用于传输该其他业务的业务数据的数据报文，为了在传输该其他业务的业务数据的过程中同时实现信道测量，该上行数据报文中还携带信道测量所需的相关信息。在一些实施例中，该上行数据报文不携带该其他业务的业务数据，但携带信道测量所需的相关信息，此时该上行数据报文仅用于信道测量。
其中，信道测量所需的相关信息包括终端的噪声系数、终端发送该上行报文时所采用的发射功率以及用于噪声强度估计的训练序列等。该上行报文结构可以有多种，下面结合实施例对上行报文的结构进行如下介绍：
在一种可能的实现方式中，该上行报文包括至少一个报文头，其中，该至少一个报文头包括媒介接入控制(medium access control，MAC)头部以及物理层汇聚协议(physical layer convergence protocol，PLCP)头部。若该上行报文为上行数据报文时，该上行报文包括负载字段，该负载字段用于携带业务数据。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该上行报文包括第一字段和第二字段中的至少一个，该第一字段用于携带终端的噪声系数，该第二字段用于携带该终端发送该上行报文时所采用的发射功率。其中，对于该第一字段以及第二字段中的任一字段，该任一字段是在上行报文中所扩展的字段，或者是复用的上行报文中已有的字段。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第一字段以及该第二字段中的至少一个位于该上行报文的MAC头部。可选地，该第一字段以及该第二字段在同一个子字段中，例如，该第一字段以及第二字段为该MAC头部中高吞吐(high throughput，HT)控制(control)字段内的一个子字 段。图6所示的本申请实施例提供的一种HT control字段的结构示意图，该第一字段和第二字段为HT control字段中聚合控制(aggregate control，A control)字段内的第q个子控制字段。其中，该A control字段包括T个子控制字段，分别为子控制字段1～T，每个子控制字段包括控制标识(identity，ID)以及该控制ID所对应的控制信息。其中，q为大于1小于等于T的整数，T为大于q的整数。该T个子控制字段中的第q个子控制字段用于携带该终端的噪声系数以及该终端发送该上行报文时所采用的发射功率。该T个子控制字段中每个子控制字段内的控制ID用于指示对应的控制信息的类型。可选地，控制ID用数值编号或者字符串来标识，不同的控制ID所指示的控制信息的类型不同，例如，子控制字段1～T中的控制ID分别为控制1～T，共T种控制信息的类型。在一种可能的实现方式中，该A control字段对应一个ID区间，该ID区间包括多个控制ID，每个控制ID位于该A control字段内的一个子控制字段。该ID区间内的各个ID均是已经定义的，且所指示的控制信息的类型均是除目标控制信息以外的类型(可以理解为现有的控制信息的类型)。其中，该目标控制信息包括终端的发射功率以及噪声系数，该A control字段还对应目标控制ID，目标控制ID位于在该A control字段中扩展出的一个子控制字段(用于携带该目标控制信息)，该目标控制ID用于指示该目标控制信息的类型。该目标控制ID为除该ID区间以外的任一数值或者字符串，例如，现有的控制信息有30种，对应的ID区间包括控制ID0～控制ID29，控制ID0～控制ID29内的各个控制ID分别用于指示这30种控制信息中的一种控制信息的类型，该A control字段所对应的目标控制ID为控制ID30，以指示该目标控制信息的类型。
从图6可知，该HT control字段还包括超高吞吐(very high throughput，VHT)字段、高效率(high efficiency，HE)字段以及极高吞吐(extreme high throughput，EHT)字段。其中，VHT字段、HE字段以及EHT字段位于HT control字段的前3比特位(bit)，用于指示该上行报文所支持的协议版本，例如当VHT＝1，HE＝1且EHT＝0时，用于指示该上行报文所支持的协议版本为802.11ax版本(即HE协议)。该HT control字段为该MAC头部中的部分字段，该MAC头部还可以包括除该HT control字段以外的其他字段。
在另一种可能的实现方式中，新定义的一种MAC头部，该MAC头部包括该第一字段以及该第二字段中的至少一个。在一种可能的实现方式中，该MAC头部还包括帧控制(frame control)字段、持续(duration)时间字段、地址字段以及帧校验序列(frame check sequence，FCS)字段中的至少一个。其中，该帧控制字段用于携带该MAC头部的控制信息，该持续时间字段用于携带该上行报文占用该上行信道的时间，该地址字段用于携带该AP的地址信息以及该终端的地址信息，FCS字段用于携带帧校验序列。图7所示的是本申请实施例提供的一种MAC头部的结构示意图。图7中携带噪声系数的字段为第一字段，携带发射功率的字段为第二字段，图7中的发送(Tx)地址字段和接收(receive，Rx)地址字段为MAC头部中地址字段的子字段，其中，发送地址字段用于携带该终端的地址信息，接收地址字段用于携带该AP的地址信息。对于上述所介绍的任一种MAC头部，第一字段以及第二字段能够位于MAC头部的任意位置，而非局限于某个特定的位置。
新定义的MAC头部可以只携带信道测量过程所需的参数，而可以不携带或少携带其他非信道测量的参数，因此，能够降低AP与终端之间的上行信令开销。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第一字段和该第二字段中的至少一个字段位于该上行报文的PLCP头部。可选地，该第一字段和该第二字段为同一个扩展字段，该扩展字段是在不影 响PPDU现有字段的情况下所新增的字段，用来携带该终端的发射功率和该终端的噪声系数中的至少一个。
图8为本申请实施例提供的一种上行报文的结构示意图。在不同的应用场景下，该扩展字段可以有不同的名称，例如，图8所示的PLCP头部中的极高吞吐信号字段B(EHT signal field B，EHT-SIG-B)，EHT-SIG-B用于携带该终端的发射功率和该终端的噪声系数中的至少一个，该字段名称仅为举例说明不做限制。图8所示的上行报文为物理层协议数据单元(physical protocol data unit，PPDU)，该PPDU包括PLCP头部、数据(data)字段以及包扩展(packet extension，PE)字段。该PLCP头部包括L-STF、非高吞吐长训练字段(non-HT long training field，L-LTF)、非高吞吐信号字段(non-HT signal field，L-SIG)、重复非高吞吐信号字段(repeated non-HT signal field，RL-SIG)、通用信号字段(universal signal field，U-SIG)、极高吞吐信号字段(EHT signal field，EHT-SIG)、EHT-STF、极高吞吐长训练字段(EHT long training field，EHT-LTF)以及EHT-SIG-B。该L-STF所携带的信息用于接收机(例如AP)进行包检测、接收增益控制以及粗同步等。L-LTF所携带的信息用于接收机进行精同步、信道估计。若该PPDU所支持的协议为低版本协议，则L-SIG在为低版本协议信号字段，若该PPDU所支持的协议为高版本协议，则L-SIG用于携带该PPDU的长度。RL-SIG用于指示该PPDU为802.11ax及之后的协议版本。U-SIG携带解调该PPDU所必需的部分信息，例如版本标识符、上/下行标识符、带宽等。EHT-SIG携带解调该PPDU所必需的另一部分信息，例如资源单元分配信息，调制编码阶数，空间流等。EHT-STF携带的信息用于接收机进行增益控制。EHT-LTF所携带的信息用于接收机进行信道估计。若该上行报文不携带业务数据，该Data字段包括上述的负载字段，若该上行报文不携带业务数据，该Data字段不包括上述的负载字段。该Data字段还包括MAC头部。PE字段为接收机提供额外处理时间。对于该第一字段以及第二字段中的任一字段，若该任一字段位于PLCP头部，则该Data字段中的MAC头部内不包括该任一字段，相应地，若该任一字段位于MAC头部，则PLCP头部不包括该任一字段。
在一种可能的实现方式中，PLCP头部也被称为物理层(physical layer，PHY)头部(header)。并且，PPDU为上行报文的一种数据结构，PPDU作为无线网络中的数据传输单元，可以有多种结构类型，例如单用户(single-user，SU)PPDU、多用户(multi-user，MU)PPDU、扩展距离(extended range，ER)SU PPDU以及触发回应(trigger based，TB)PPDU等各种类型的PPDU，其中图8所示的PPDU为一种可能的实现方式，在此，本申请实施例对个上行报文所采用的PPDU的结构类型不作限定。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该上行报文还包括第三字段，该第三字段用于携带用于噪声强度估计的训练序列，例如该训练序列为L-LTF序列，该训练序列位于上行报文中的L-LTF字段，如图8所示的L-LTF字段。
可选地，该L-LTF序列包括至少一个导频组，每个导频组包括多个导频符号。当包括多个导频组时，这多个导频组可以相同也可以不同，例如该L-LTF序列包括2个相同的导频组：{l 1(1)，l 2(2)，...，l 1(M)}、{l 2(1)，l 2(2)，...，l 2(M)}，其中，M为大于2的整数，这2个导频组均包括M个导频符号，且这2个导频组内处于相同位置的导频符号均相同。
上文所介绍的每种上行报文均携带终端的噪声系数以及终端发送该上行报文时所采用的发射功率中的至少一个。为了便于表述以及便于区别开携带不同性能参数的上行报文，对上 行报文进行了如下分类：将携带该发射功率以及噪声系数的上行报文称为第一上行报文；将携带该发射功率，但不携带该噪声系数的上行报文称为第二上行报文；将携带该噪声系数，但不携带该发射功率的上行报文称为第三上行报文；将不携带该发射功率以及噪声系数的上行报文称为第四上行报文。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当接收到该触发帧后，该终端基于该触发帧向该AP发送上行报文，以便该AP基于该上行报文进行信道测量。
可选地，该终端基于该触发帧携带的第一指示信息以及第二指示信息的指示，生成携带相应性能参数的上行报文，并通过该终端与该AP之间的上行信道，向该AP发送该上行报文。后续将结合不同的实施例，对该终端基于不同的该触发帧中第一指示信息以及第二指示信息的指示，生成携带不同性能参数的上行报文过程进行介绍。
该上行报文的生成过程包括两次封装过程，若该上行报文为上行数据报文，且该上行数据报文需要携带其他业务的业务数据，则该终端将MAC头部与携带该业务数据的负载字段进行拼接，得到MAC层协议数据单元(MAC protocol data unit，MPDU)，以实现第一次封装。终端将MPDU存储至data字段，将data字段、PLCP头部以及PE字段进行拼接，得到PPDU，以实现第二次封装。最终得到的PPDU也即是上行报文，终端将该上行报文调制成一串比特流，并通过上行信道向该AP发送该比特流。若该上行报文为上行测量报文，则上行测量报文不包括负载字段，在第一次封装的过程中，终端直接将MAC头部封装为MPDU。
在另一种可能的实现方式中，当该AP与该终端已经约定该终端主动向该AP发送约定的上行报文时，若满足约定的发送条件，则该终端向该AP发送约定的上行报文。其中，该发送条件包括约定的上行报文的发送时间，或约定的上行报文的发送周期，或其他条件。约定的上行报文包括第一上行报文至第四上行报文中的任一上行报文。对于这种情况，该AP无须向该终端发送触发帧，该终端也无须等待接收触发帧。
404、该AP接收该上行报文。
该AP从该AP与该终端之间的上行信道接收该上行报文。
405、该AP获取上行信道质量信息。
其中，该上行信道质量信息为该AP与该终端之间的上行信道的信道质量信息，该上行信道质量信息包括上行信噪比(signal to noise ratio，SNR)，该上行信噪比为该上行信道的信噪比。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该AP基于该上行报文，获取该上行信道的上行信道质量信息。可选地，该AP基于该上行报文，获取该上行信道的上行信道质量信息包括下述步骤4051-4053，如图5所示。其中，图5为本申请实施例提供的一种上行信道质量信息获取方法的流程图。
步骤4051、该AP对该上行报文进行信号强度估计，得到该上行报文的信号强度。
该上行报文是以一串比特流的方式发送至该AP的，在接收该比特流的过程中，AP对该比特流的信号进行采样，得到N个采样点，分别为x(1)至x(N)，其中，N为大于1的整数；该AP将该N个采样点的平均采样点确定为该上行报文的信号强度。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该AP将该N个采样点作为输入数据，输入至下述公式(1)：
Figure PCTCN2022082019-appb-000001
该AP基于该公式(1)输出该上行报文的信号强度S。
步骤4052、该AP对该上行信道进行噪声强度估计，得到该上行信道的噪声强度。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该AP基于该上行报文中携带的L-LTF序列，对该上行信道进行噪声强度估计。例如，该AP从该上述报文中的第三字段内解析出L-LTF序列，并将L-LTF序列中的该至少一个导频组作为输入数据，输入至下述公式(2)：
Figure PCTCN2022082019-appb-000002
该AP基于上述公式(2)输出该上行信道的噪声强度R。其中，l 1(i)＝l 2(i)， i为大于等于1且小于等于M的整数，l 1(i)为L-LTF序列中第一个导频组中的第i个导频符号，l 2(i)为L-LTF序列中第二个导频组中的第 i个导频符号。
步骤4053、该AP获取该上行信道质量信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该AP基于该信号强度以及该噪声强度，获取该上行信道质量信息。可选地，该AP将该信号强度以及该噪声强度之间的比值确定为上行信噪比。例如上行信噪比SNR UL表示为下述公式(3)：
Figure PCTCN2022082019-appb-000003
406、该AP获取噪声系数以及发射功率。
其中，该噪声系数为该终端的噪声系数，该发射功率为该终端发送该上行报文时所采用的发射功率。
若该上行报文携带该噪声系数以及该发射功率中的至少一个，则该AP从该上行报文中获取该噪声系数以及该发射功率中的至少一个；若该AP本地存储有该噪声系数以及该发射功率中的至少一个，则AP获取本地存储的该噪声系数以及该发射功率中的至少一个。
不同种类的触发帧用于指示终端向AP返回携带不同性能参数的上行报文，从而将会导致AP获取该发射功率以及噪声系数的方式有所不同，后续结合不同的实施例，对AP获取该噪声系数以及该发射功率的过程进行介绍。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该AP先执行本步骤406，再执行步骤405，或者同时执行本步骤406以及步骤405，在此，本申请实施例对步骤405以及本步骤406的执行顺序不作限定。
407、该AP确定下行信道质量信息。
其中，该下行信道质量信息为该AP与该终端之间的下行信道的信道质量信息，该下行信道质量信息包括下行信噪比，该下行信噪比为该下行信道的信噪比。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该AP基于该上行信道质量信息、该终端的噪声系数以及该终端发送该上行报文时所采用的发射功率，确定该下行信道质量信息。可选地，该AP将该上行信道质量信息、该噪声系数以及该发射功率作为输出数据，输入下述公式(4)：
Figure PCTCN2022082019-appb-000004
该AP基于上述公式(4)输出该下行信噪比SNR DL。其中，P AP为AP的发射功率；P STA为该终端的发射功率；NF AP为该AP的噪声系数，也即是该AP在接收上行报文时对噪声信号的放大增益；NF STA为该终端的噪声系数，也即是该终端接收下行报文时对噪声信号的放 大增益。对于AP而言，P AP以及NF AP均是已知的。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该AP基于上述公式(4)的任一种变形公式，来确定该下行信噪比。例如，该AP的发射功率以及该AP的噪声系数是已知的，该AP预先计算出该AP的发射功率与该AP的噪声系数之间的乘积，并将该乘积作为该AP的性能系数；当AP获取到该终端的发射功率以及该终端的噪声系数后，该AP将该终端的发射功率与该终端的噪声系数之间的乘积，作为该终端的性能系数；该AP将该AP的性能系数与该终端的性能系数之间的比值作为该AP与该终端之间的性能比；当该AP获取到该上行信道质量信息后，该AP将该性能比与该上行信道质量信息之间的积作为该下行信噪比。在一种可能的实现方式中，终端的性能系数是由终端计算的，并由终端在接入该AP时，告知AP该终端的性能系数。或者，由该终端将终端的性能系数携带在上行报文中发送给AP，由AP从该上行报文中获取终端的性能系数。例如AP向终端发送的触发帧为第一触发帧，且第一触发帧中的第一指示信息以及第二指示信息替换成第四指示信息，该第四指示信息用于指示该终端向该AP返回携带该终端性能系数的上行报文，则该终端基于该第四指示信息的指示，向AP发送的上行报文中不携带终端的噪声系数以及终端的发射功率，而是携带终端的性能系数。
再例如，当该AP获取到该终端的发射功率以及该终端的噪声系数后，获取该AP与该终端之间的发射功率的比值(记为功率比)，并获取该AP与该终端之间的噪声系数的比值(记为噪声比)；该AP将该上行信道质量信息、该功率比以及该噪声比之间的乘积，确定为该下行信噪比。
AP基于上述公式(4)的任一种变形公式，来确定该下行信噪比在此不做限制。
上述公式(4)是由下述公式(5)推导而来。
Figure PCTCN2022082019-appb-000005
其中，N 0为热噪声，PL为路损。
当AP确定出下行信道质量信息后，该AP针对下行信道质量信息所反映的下行信道质量，采用较优的资源分配方案向终端发送数据，优化了传输资源的配置方式。其中，资源分配方案包括AP的发射功率、AP调制数据时所采用的MCS阶数或子载波分配等。
在一种可能的实现方式中，为了提高无线传输的频谱效率，主流标准协议所支持的MCS阶数也不断提高。而AP所采用的MCS阶数的高低，对AP与终端之间的无线信号的调制或者解调起到至关重要的作用，为了避免无线信号的调制或者解调出现异常，AP可以通过AP与终端之间的下行信道的下行信道质量信息，来自适应调节AP所采用的MCS阶数。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在下行传输过程中，AP基于下行信道质量信息，动态调节自身的发射功率，以便在保证终端接收性能的情况下，尽可能降低AP的功率消耗。例如，若该AP与该终端之间的下行信道质量较差，在向该终端发送下行报文的过程中，AP可以提升自身的发射功率，从而能够增强AP发送的信号强度，也就提高了该终端接收信号的质量，保证了终端的接收性能。再例如，若该AP与该终端之间的下行信道质量较好，那么，在向该终端发送下行报文的过程中，AP可以适当降低自身的发射功率，达到降低功耗和抑制干扰的作用。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在正交频分复用系统(orthogonal frequency-division multiple access，OFDMA)中，多个终端同时占用频域上互不相交的子载波集合进行数据发送，每个子载波集合包括至少一个子载波。对于多个终端中的任一终端，空口信道在频域上并不是平坦的，例如某些子载波上信道质量较好，而在另一些子载波上信道质量较差。此外，各个终端在频域上的信道质量分布也是有明显差异的，例如对于相同的子载波，可能某个终端的信道质量较好，而另一个终端的信道质量很差。这样，在下行调度的过程中，AP可以基于各个终端在不同子载波上的下行信道质量信息，为各个终端分配信道质量相对较好的子载波，从而能够获得更好的整体系统性能。
在本申请实施例提供的方法中，AP基于终端返回的上行报文获取上行信道质量信息，并获取终端的发射功率以及终端的噪声系数，以便该AP基于上行信道质量信息、终端的发射功率以及终端的噪声系数，来获取下行信道质量信息，提高了AP获取下行信道质量的效率。AP可以针对下行信道质量信息所反映的下行信道质量，采用较优的资源分配方案向终端发送数据，优化了传输资源的配置方式。例如，AP基于下行信道质量信息调整AP的发射功率、调制数据时所采用MCS阶数或子载波分配等，以便AP基于调整后的资源分配方案向终端发送数据。
下面结合不同的实施例，该AP基于不同的触发帧指示终端返回不同性能参数的上行报文，以获取下行信道质量信息的过程进行如下介绍。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在信道测量过程中，AP从终端发送的上行报文中，获取终端的噪声系数以及该终端的发射功率，以便AP基于获取到的该终端的噪声系数以及该终端的发射功率，来获取下行信道质量信息。为了进一步说明该过程，参见图9所示的本申请实施例提供的一种信道质量信息确定方法的流程图。
901、AP向该终端发送第一触发帧。
该第一触发帧用于指示该终端向该AP发送携带该终端的性能参数的上行报文。其中，该AP为任一AP，该终端为能够与该AP进行通信的任一终端。该终端的性能参数包括该终端的噪声系数以及该终端发送该上行报文时所采用的发射功率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第一触发帧携带第一指示信息以及第二指示信息，且该第一指示信息用于指示该终端发送的上行报文中需要携带该噪声系数，该第二指示信息用于指示该终端发送的上行报文中需要携带该发射功率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，若一个触发帧不携带该第二指示信息以及第一指示信息，且系统默认该触发帧用于指示该终端向该AP发送携带该终端的性能参数的上行报文，则该触发帧为第一触发帧。
在一种可能的实现方式中，AP通过该AP与终端之间的下行信道，向该终端发送第一触发帧。
902、该终端接收该第一触发帧。
该终端从该AP与该终端之间的下行信道中，接收该第一触发帧。
903、该终端向该AP发送第一上行报文。
第一上行报文携带噪声系数以及发射功率。其中，该噪声系数为该终端的噪声系数，该发射功率为该终端发送该第一上行报文所采用的发射功率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该噪声系数以及该发射功率分别位于第一上行报文中的第一 字段和第二字段。可选地，第一字段和第二字段均位于第一上行报文的MAC头部，例如，携带有图6所示的HT control字段的MAC头部，再例如，图7所示的MAC头部。可选地，第一字段和第二字段均位于第一上行报文的PLCP头部，例如，图8所示的PPDU。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该终端基于该第一触发帧，通过该AP与该终端之间的上行信道，向该AP发送第一上行报文。例如，当接收到该第一触发帧后，该终端基于该第一触发帧的指示，确定需要通过向该AP返回携带该发射功率以及噪声系数的上行报文，以进行信道测量；则该终端生成第一上行报文，并采用该第一上行报文中的发射功率，通过该AP与该终端之间的上行信道，向该AP发送该第一上行报文。
其中，该终端基于该第一触发帧的指示，确定需要通过向该AP返回携带该发射功率以及噪声系数的上行报文，以进行信道测量的过程包括下述过程1-3中的任一过程：
过程1、若系统默认信道测量触发帧用于指示该终端向该AP发送携带该终端的性能参数的上行报文，则当该终端接收的该AP发送的任一下行报文为信道测量触发帧时，则该任一下行报文为第一触发帧。该终端确定需要通过向该AP返回携带该发射功率以及噪声系数的上行报文，以进行信道测量。
过程2、若系统默认信道测量触发帧指示终端进行信道测量(即系统默认该信道触发帧用于指示该终端向该AP发送上行报文)，当该终端接收的该AP发送的任一下行报文为信道测量触发帧时，若该终端能够从该信道测量触发帧中解析出第二指示信息以及第一指示信息，且解析出的该第一指示信息用于指示该终端发送的上行报文中需要携带该噪声系数，解析出的第二指示信息用于指示该终端发送的上行报文中需要携带该发射功率，则该任一下行报文为第一触发帧。该终端基于解析出的第二指示信息以及第一指示信息的指示，确定需要通过向该AP返回携带该发射功率以及噪声系数的上行报文，以进行信道测量。
过程3、当该终端接收的该AP发送的任一下行报文为数据报文时，若该终端能够从该数据报文中解析出触发信息、第一指示信息以及第二指示信息，且解析出的该第一指示信息用于指示该终端发送的上行报文中需要携带该噪声系数，解析出的第二指示信息用于指示该终端发送的上行报文中需要携带该发射功率，则该任一下行报文为第一触发帧。该终端基于解析出的第二指示信息以及第一指示信息的指示，确定需要通过向该AP返回携带该发射功率以及噪声系数的上行报文，以进行信道测量。
904、该AP获取上行信道质量信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该AP基于该第一上行报文，获取上行信道质量信息。其中，该AP基于该第一上行报文，获取上行信道质量信息的过程与上述步骤405所示的过程同理，在此，本申请实施例对该AP基于该第一上行报文，获取上行信道质量信息的过程不作赘述。
905、该AP从该第一上行报文中获取噪声系数以及发射功率。
其中，该噪声系数为终端的噪声系数，该发射功率为该终端发送该第一上行报文时所采用的发射功率。该AP解析该第一上行报文，从该第一上行报文中解析出该发射功率以及该噪声系数。
906、该AP确定下行信道质量信息。
本步骤906所示的过程与步骤407所示的过程同理，在此，本申请实施例对本步骤906不作赘述。
为了进一步说明上述步骤901-906所示的过程，参见图10所示的本申请实施例提供的一 种信道测量的示意图。在图10中，AP向终端发送触发帧，以通知该终端进行信道测量，当该终端接收到该触发帧后，向AP发送携带该终端的发射功率以及该终端的噪声系数的上行报文，以便AP从该上行报文中获取终端的发射功率以及该终端的噪声系数，并进一步基于该终端的发射功率以及该终端的噪声系数，确定下行信道质量信息。
在本申请实施例提供的方法中，AP基于终端返回的第一上行报文获取上行信道质量信息，并从该第一上行报文中获取该终端的发射功率以及该终端的噪声系数，以便该AP基于上行信道质量信息、终端的发射功率以及终端的噪声系数，来获取下行信道质量信息，提高了AP获取下行信道质量的效率。AP可以针对下行信道质量信息所反映的下行信道质量，采用较优的资源分配方案向终端发送数据，优化了传输资源的配置方式。例如，AP基于下行信道质量信息调整AP的发射功率、调制数据时所采用MCS阶数或子载波分配等，以便AP基于调整后的资源分配方案向终端发送数据。
在一种可能的实现方式中，AP从终端发送的上行报文中，获取该终端发送该上行报文时所采用的发射功率，并从本地获取该终端的噪声系数，以便该AP基于获取到该终端的发射功率以及终端的噪声系数，来获取下行信道质量信息。为了进一步说明该过程，参见图11所示的本申请实施例提供的一种信道质量信息确定方法的流程图。
1101、AP存储终端的噪声系数。
其中，该AP为任一AP，该终端为能够与该AP进行通信的任一终端。由于终端的噪声系数一般都是不变的，则该AP预先存储该终端的噪声系数，以便后续能够直接从本地存储的噪声系数中获取该终端的噪声系数，而无需后续从终端获取。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该AP获取该终端的噪声系数以及该终端的地址信息，并将该终端的噪声系数以及该终端的地址信息关联存储在本地。
其中，该AP获取该终端的噪声系数以及该终端的地址信息包括：该AP获取终端上报的该终端的噪声系数以及该终端的地址信息，或，该AP基于用户的指令，获取的该终端的噪声系数以及该终端的地址信息。
例如，当该终端接入到该AP后，该终端向AP上报该终端的第一终端信息，该第一终端信息包括该终端的噪声系数以及该终端的地址信息，该AP从该第一终端信息中获取该终端的噪声系数以及该终端的地址信息。
例如，该AP接收用户下达的第一存储指令，其中，该第一存储指令携带该第一终端信息；该AP从该第一存储指令中，获取该终端的噪声系数以及该终端的地址信息，并基于该第一存储指令的指示进行关联存储。
该AP能够预先存储多个终端的噪声系数，本步骤1101是以存储该多个终端中任一终端的噪声系数为例进行说明的。
1102、该AP向该终端发送第二触发帧。
该第二触发帧用于指示该终端向该AP发送携带该发射功率的上行报文。在一种可能的实现方式中，该第二触发帧携带第一指示信息以及第二指示信息，且该第一指示信息用于指示该终端发送的上行报文中不需要携带该噪声系数，该第二指示信息用于指示该终端发送的上行报文中需要携带该发射功率。
在另一种可能的实现方式中，该第二触发帧中不包括该第一指示信息，以减少该AP与该终端之间的下行信令开销。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该AP通过该AP与该终端之间的下行信道，向该终端发送第二触发帧。
1103、该终端接收该第二触发帧。
该终端从该AP与该终端之间的下行信道中，接收该第二触发帧。
1104、该终端向该AP发送第二上行报文。
该第二上行报文携带发射功率。其中，该发射功率为该终端发送该第二上行报文时所采用的发射功率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该终端基于该第二触发帧，通过该AP与该终端之间的上行信道，向该AP发送第二上行报文。例如，当该终端接收的该AP发送的任一下行报文为触发帧时，若终端能够从该触发帧中解析出第二指示信息(或者能够解析出第二指示信息以及第一指示信息)，且解析出的第一指示信息用于指示该终端发送的上行报文中不需要携带该噪声系数，第二指示信息用于指示该终端发送的上行报文中需要携带该发射功率，则该触发帧为第二触发帧；该终端基于该第二触发帧中第二指示信息的指示，生成该第二上行报文，并向该AP发送该第二上行报文。
1105、该AP获取上行信道质量信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该AP基于该第二上行报文，获取上行信道质量信息。其中，该AP基于该第二上行报文，获取上行信道质量信息的过程与上述步骤405所示的过程同理，在此，本申请实施例对该AP基于该第二上行报文，获取上行信道质量信息的过程不作赘述。
1106、该AP从该第二上行报文中获取发射功率。
其中，该发射功率为该终端发送该第二上行报文时所采用的发射功率。该AP解析该第二上行报文，从该第二上行报文中的解析出该发射功率。
1107、该AP从存储的噪声系数中，获取该终端的该噪声系数。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该AP从该第二上行报文中获取该终端的地址信息，并基于该终端的地址信息，从存储的噪声系数中查询该地址信息所对应的噪声系数，查询到的噪声系数也即是该终端的噪声系数。
上述步骤1106-1107所示的过程也即是该AP获取该终端的噪声系数以及终端发送上行报文时所采用的发射功率的过程。
1108、该AP确定下行信道质量信息。
本步骤1108所示的过程与上述步骤407所示的过程同理，在此，本申请实施例对本步骤1108不作赘述。
在本申请实施例提供的方法中，AP基于终端返回的第二上行报文获取上行信道质量信息，并从第二上行报文中获取终端的发射功率，从本地获取终端的噪声系数，以便该AP基于上行信道质量信息、终端的发射功率以及终端的噪声系数，来获取下行信道质量信息，提高了AP获取下行信道质量的效率。AP可以针对下行信道质量信息所反映的下行信道质量，采用较优的资源分配方案向终端发送数据，优化了传输资源的配置方式。例如，AP基于下行信道质量信息调整AP的发射功率、调制数据时所采用MCS阶数或子载波分配等，以便AP基于调整后的资源分配方案向终端发送数据。并且，本申请实施例中的第二上行报文相对于第一上行报文无须携带终端的噪声信息，从而降低了该AP与该终端之间的上行信令开销。
在一种可能的实现方式中，AP从终端发送的上行报文中，获取终端的噪声系数，并从本 地获取终端发送该上行报文时所采用的发射功率，以便AP基于获取到的终端的发射功率以及终端的噪声系数，来获取下行信道质量信息。为了进一步说明该过程，参见图12所示的本申请实施例提供的一种信道质量信息确定方法的流程图。
1201、AP存储终端的发射功率。
其中，该AP为任一AP，该终端为能够与该AP进行通信的任一终端。该AP存储的该终端的发射功率为终端自行上报的发射功率或者预设的该终端的发射功率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该AP获取该终端的发射功率范围以及该终端的地址信息，该发射功率范围为该终端正常工作时所能采用的有效发射功率的范围，该发射功率范围包括至少一个发射功率；该AP从该发射功率范围内，选择出一个发射功率作为终端发送上行报文时的发射功率，该AP将选择出的该终端的发射功率与该终端的地址信息进行关联存储，或者该AP将该终端的发射功率范围、该终端的地址信息以及选择出的该终端的发射功率进行关联存储。
其中，该AP获取该终端的发射功率范围以及该终端的地址信息包括：该AP获取终端上报的该终端的发射功率范围以及该终端的地址信息，或，该AP基于用户的指令，获取该终端的发射功率范围以及该终端的地址信息。
例如当该终端接入到该AP后，该终端向AP上报该终端的第二终端信息，该第二终端信息包括该终端的发射功率范围以及地址信息；该AP从该第二终端信息中获取该终端的发射功率范围以及该终端的地址信息。
例如，该AP接收用户下达的第二存储指令，其中，该第二存储指令携带该第二终端信息；该AP从该第二存储指令中获取该第二终端信息，并基于第二存储指令的指示进行关联存储。
在一种可能的实现方式中，若该终端向该AP上报的第二终端信息不包括该终端的发射功率范围，则该AP主动为该终端预设一个发射功率作为该终端发送上行报文时所采用的发射功率，并将该终端的地址信息以及为该终端预设的发射功率关联存储在本地。其中，该AP为终端预设的发射功率为一般终端均能够接受的发射功率，以避免后续该AP为该终端预设的发射功率，该终端不可用。
该AP能够预先存储多个终端的发射功率，本步骤1201是以存储该多个终端中任一终端的发射功率为例进行说明的。一个终端的第一终端信息、第二终端信息以及第三终端信息均为该终端的终端信息，只是携带的信息可能有所不同。
1202、该AP向该终端发送第三触发帧。
其中，该第三触发帧用于指示该终端以该发射功率向该AP发送携带该噪声系数的上行报文。在一种可能的实现方式中，该第三触发帧携带第一指示信息以及第二指示信息，且该第一指示信息用于指示该终端发送的上行报文中需要携带该噪声系数，该第二指示信息用于指示该终端发送的上行报文中不需要携带终端的发射功率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第三触发帧不包括该第二指示信息，以减少该AP与该终端之间的下行信令开销。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第三触发帧还携带第三指示信息，该第三指示信息用于指示该终端以该发射功率发送该上行报文。可选地，该第三指示信息包括该AP选择出的该终端的发射功率，该第三指示信息本身用于指示终端以第三指示信息所包括的发射功率发送上 行报文。可选地，该第三指示信息还包括功率指示符，该功率指示符用于指示终端以第三指示信息所包括的发射功率发送上行报文，在此，本申请实施例对该功率指示符的表示方式不作限定。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第三指示信息位于该第三触发帧中的第三字段，该第三字段是在触发帧中所扩展出的字段，例如该第三字段为在触发帧中用户信息字段内所扩展出的一个子字段。例如图13所示的本申请实施例提供的一种扩展的用户信息字段的结构示意图，该用户信息字段内扩展出一个第三字段，即图中所示的发射功率(Tx power)字段，用于携带该AP为该终端指定的发射功率。该用户信息字段还包括关联标识12(association identifier12，AID12)字段、资源单元分配(resource unit allocation，RU allocation)字段、上行前向纠错码类型(uplink forward error correction coding type，UL FEC coding type)字段、上行调制编码策略(uplink modulation and code scheme，UL MCS)字段、上行双载波调制(uplink dual carrier modulation，UL DCM)字段、空间流分配/随机接入资源单元信息(spatial stream allocation/random access resource unit information，SS allocation/RA-RU information)字段、上行目标接收信号强度指示(uplink target receive signal strength indicator，UL target RSSI)字段以及保留(reserved)字段。其中，AID12字段用于指示触发帧期望调度的STA(即终端)。RU Allocation字段用于指示所调度的STA应该使用的子载波信息。UL FEC coding type字段用于指示所调度的STA应该使用的前向纠错码类型。UL MCS字段用于指示所调度的STA应使用的调制编码策略。UL DCM字段用于指示所调度的STA是否使用双载波调制。SS allocation/RA-RU information字段用于指示所调度的STA应该使用的空间流信息，或指示随机接入资源单元信息。UL Target RSSI字段用于指示该AP所期望的接收功率；reserved字段为扩展触发帧的用途所预留的字段。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第三字段为触发帧内现有的字段。例如该第三字段为图13所示的用户信息字段内的reserved字段，第三指示信息位于reserved字段。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该AP通过该AP与该终端之间的下行信道，向该终端发送第三触发帧。
1203、该终端接收该第三触发帧。
该终端从该AP与该终端之间的下行信道中，接收该第三触发帧。
1204、该终端向该AP发送第三上行报文。
其中，该第三上行报文携带噪声系数，该噪声系数为终端的噪声系数。在一种可能的实现方式中，基于该第三触发帧，通过该AP与该终端之间的上行信道，向该AP发送第三上行报文。例如，当该终端接收的该AP发送的任一下行报文为触发帧时，若该终端能够从该触发帧中解析出第一指示信息(或者解析出第二指示信息和第一指示信息)以及该第三指示信息，且解析出的第一指示信息用于指示该终端发送的上行报文中需要携带该噪声系数，第二指示信息用于指示该终端发送的上行报文中不需要携带该发射功率，则该触发帧为第三触发帧。该终端基于该第三触发帧中第一指示信息的指示，生成第三上行报文。并基于解析出的第三指示信息的指示，以第三指示信息内所包括的发射功率，向该AP发送该第三上行报文。
1205、该AP获取上行信道质量信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该AP基于该第三上行报文，获取该上行信道质量信息。其中，该AP基于该第三上行报文，获取该上行信道质量信息的过程与上述步骤405所示的过 程同理，在此，本申请实施例对该AP基于该第三上行报文，获取该上行信道质量信息的过程不作赘述。
1206、该AP从该第三上行报文中获取该噪声系数。
该AP解析该第三上行报文，从该第三上行报文中解析出该噪声系数。
1207、该AP从存储的发射功率中，获取该终端发送该第三上行报文时所采用的发射功率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该AP从该第三上行报文中获取该终端的地址信息，并基于该终端的地址信息，从存储的发射功率中查询该地址信息所对应的发射功率，查询到的发射功率也即是该终端发送该第三上行报文时所采用的发射功率。
上述步骤1206-1207所示的过程也即是该AP获取该终端的噪声系数以及终端发送上行报文时所采用的发射功率的过程。
1208、该AP确定下行信道质量信息。
本步骤1208所示的过程与上述步骤407所示的过程同理，在此，本申请实施例对本步骤1208不作赘述。
在本申请实施例提供的方法中，AP基于终端返回的第三上行报文获取上行信道质量信息，并从第三上行报文中获取该终端的噪声系数，从本地获取该终端的发射功率，以便该AP基于上行信道质量信息、终端的发射功率以及终端的噪声系数，来获取下行信道质量信息，提高了AP获取下行信道质量的效率。AP可以针对下行信道质量信息所反映的下行信道质量，采用较优的资源分配方案向终端发送数据，优化了传输资源的配置方式。例如，AP基于下行信道质量信息调整AP的发射功率、调制数据时所采用MCS阶数或子载波分配等，以便AP基于调整后的资源分配方案向终端发送数据。并且，第三上行报文相对于第一上行报文无须携带终端的发射功率，从而降低了该AP与该终端之间的上行信令开销。
在一种可能的实现方式中，AP从本地获取终端的发射功率以及终端的噪声系数，以便AP基于获取到的该终端的发射功率以及终端的噪声系数，来获取下行信道质量信息。为了进一步说明该过程，参见图14所示的本申请实施例提供的一种信道质量信息确定方法的流程图。
1401、AP存储发射功率以及噪声系数。
其中，该AP为任一AP，该终端为能够与该AP进行通信的任一终端。该发射功率为终端的发射功率，该AP存储的发射功率为该终端自行上报的发射功率或预设的该终端的发射功率。该噪声系数为终端的噪声系数。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该AP获取该终端的发射功率范围、该终端的噪声系数以及该终端的地址信息，该AP从该发射功率范围内，选择出一个发射功率作为终端发送上行报文时的发射功率，并将终端的噪声系数、终端的地址信息以及选择出的发射功率关联存储。
其中，该AP获取该终端的发射功率范围、该终端的噪声系数或该终端的地址信息的过程，请参见上述步骤1001以及1001，在此本申请实施例对该AP获取该终端的发射功率范围、该终端的噪声系数以及该终端的地址信息的过程不作赘述。
该AP能够预先存储多个终端的发射功率以及噪声系数，本步骤1401是以存储该多个终端中任一终端的发射功率以及噪声系数为例进行说明的。
1402、该AP向该终端发送第四触发帧。
该第四触发帧用于指示该终端以该发射功率发送上行报文。在一种可能的实现方式中， 该第四触发帧携带第一指示信息以及第二指示信息，且该第一指示信息用于指示该终端发送的上行报文中不需要携带该噪声系数，该第二指示信息用于指示该终端发送的上行报文中不需要携带终端的发射功率，该第四触发帧还携带第三指示信息，以指示终端以第三指示信息所包括的发射功率发送上行报文。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第四触发帧不携带第一指示信息以及第二指示信息，以减少该第四触发帧的数据量，降低该AP与该终端的下行信令开销。
关于第四触发帧携带第三指示信息的方式与第三触发帧携带第三指示信息的方式类似，在此，本申请实施例对第四触发帧携带第三指示信息的方式不再赘述。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该AP通过该AP与该终端之间的下行信道，向该终端发送第四触发帧。
1403、该终端接收该第四触发帧。
该终端从该AP与该终端之间的下行信道中，接收该第四触发帧
1404、该终端向该AP发送第四上行报文。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该终端基于该第四触发帧，通过该AP与该终端之间的上行信道，向该AP发送第四上行报文。例如当该终端接收的该AP发送的任一下行报文为触发帧时，若该终端能够从该触发帧中解析出第三指示信息，且解析不出第二指示信息和第一指示信息，或者若能够解析第二指示信息和/或第一指示信息，但解析出的该第一指示信息用于指示终端发送的上行报文中不需要携带该终端的噪声系数，该第二指示信息用于指示该终端发送的上行报文中不需要携带该终端的发射功率，则该触发帧为第四触发帧；该终端基于该第四触发帧中第三指示信息的指示，以第三指示信息所包括的发射功率(即该AP指定的发射功功率)，向该AP发送该第四上行报文。
1405、该AP获取上行信道质量信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该AP基于该第四上行报文，获取上行信道质量信息。其中该AP基于该第四上行报文，获取上行信道质量信息的过程与上述步骤405所示的过程同理，在此，本申请实施例对该AP基于该第四上行报文，获取上行信道质量信息的过程不作赘述。
1406、该终端从存储的发射功率以及噪声系数中，获取该终端的噪声系数以及发射功率。
其中，该发射功率为终端发送该第四上行报文时所采用的发射功率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该AP从该第四上行报文中获取该终端的地址信息，并基于该终端的地址信息，从存储的发射功率以及噪声系数中，查询该地址信息所对应的发射功率以及噪声系数，查询到的噪声系数以及发射功率也即是该终端的噪声系数以及该终端发送第四上行报文时所采用的发射功率。
本步骤1406所示的过程也即是该AP获取该终端的噪声系数以及发送上行报文时所采用的发射功率的过程。
1407、该AP确定下行信道质量信息。
本步骤1407所示的过程与上述步骤407所示的过程同理，在此，本申请实施例对本步骤1407不作赘述。
在本申请实施例提供的方法中，AP基于终端返回的第四上行报文获取上行信道质量信息，并从本地获取该终端的噪声系数以及终端发送该第四报文时所采用的发射功率，以便该AP基于上行信道质量信息、终端的发射功率以及终端的噪声系数，来获取下行信道质量信息， 提高了AP获取下行信道质量的效率。AP可以针对下行信道质量信息所反映的下行信道质量，采用较优的资源分配方案向终端发送数据，优化了传输资源的配置方式。例如，AP基于下行信道质量信息调整AP的发射功率、调制数据时所采用MCS阶数或子载波分配等，以便AP基于调整后的资源分配方案向终端发送数据。并且，第四上行报文相对于第一上行报文、第二上行报文以及第三上行报文，无须携带终端的发射功率以及终端的噪声信息，从而降低了该AP与该终端之间的上行信令开销。
以上介绍了本申请实施例的方法，以下介绍本申请实施例的装置。应理解，以下介绍的装置具有上述方法中AP或终端的任意功能。
参见图15，本申请实施例提供了一种通信装置1500，所述装置1500可以为前面各个实施例或图4、图9、图11、图12或图14中的AP或AP的部分，用于执行AP所执行的方法，所述装置1500包括接收单元1510、获取单元1520以及确定单元1530。
其中，所述接收单元1510，用于接收终端发送的上行报文；
所述获取单元1520，用于基于所述上行报文，获取上行信道质量信息；
所述确定单元1530，用于基于所述上行信道质量信息、所述终端的噪声系数以及所述终端发送所述上行报文时所采用的发射功率，确定下行信道质量信息。
可选地，所述噪声系数以及所述发射功率中的至少一个由所述终端发送；或，所述噪声系数以及所述发射功率中的至少一个存储在所述AP中。
可选地，所述噪声系数以及所述发射功率中的至少一个由所述终端发送时，所述上行报文携带所述噪声系数以及所述发射功率中的至少一个。
可选地，所述上行报文包括第一字段和第二字段中的至少一个，所述第一字段用于携带所述噪声系数，所述第二字段用于携带所述发射功率。
可选地，所述第一字段以及所述第二字段中的至少一个位于所述上行报文的媒介接入控制MAC头部，或，位于所述上行报文的物理层汇聚协议PLCP头部。
可选地，所述装置1500还包括：
第一发送单元，用于向所述终端发送触发帧，所述触发帧携带第一指示信息和第二指示信息中的至少一个，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述终端向所述AP发送的上行报文中是否携带所述噪声系数，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述终端向所述AP发送的上行报文中是否携带所述发射功率。
可选地，所述装置1500还包括：
第二发送单元，用于向所述终端发送触发帧，所述触发帧携带第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息用于指示所述终端以所述发射功率发送所述上行报文。
所述第一发送单元和所述第二发送单元可以是同一个发送单元，也可以是2个相互独立的发送单元。
可选地，所述下行信道质量信息包括下行信噪比。
应理解，装置1500对应于上述方法实施例中的AP，装置1500中的各模块和上述其他操作和/或功能分别为了实现方法实施例中的AP所实施的各种步骤和方法，具体细节可参见上述方法实施例，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
应理解，装置1500在确定下行信道质量信息时，仅以上述各功能模块的划分进行举例说明，实际应用中，可以根据需要而将上述功能分配由不同的功能模块完成，即将装置1500的 内部结构划分成不同的功能模块，以完成以上描述的全部或者部分功能。另外，上述实施例提供的装置1500与上述方法实施例属于同一构思，其具体实现过程详见上述方法实施例，这里不再赘述。
应理解，装置1500可以相当于系统100中的AP101，或者相当于AP101中的执行部件。
参见图16，本申请实施例提供了一种通信装置1600，所述装置1600可以为前面各个实施例或图4、图9、图11、图12或图14中的终端或终端的部分，用于执行终端所执行的方法，所述装置1600包括接收单元1610以及发送单元1620。
其中，接收单元1610，用于接收触发帧。
发送单元1620，用于基于所述触发帧，向所述AP发送上行报文，所述上行报文携带噪声系数和或发射功率，所述噪声系数和或发射功率用于确定下行信道质量信息。
可选地，所述触发帧携带第一指示信息和第二指示信息中的至少一个，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述终端向所述AP发送的所述上行报文中是否携带噪声系数，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述终端向所述AP发送的所述上行报文中是否携带发射功率。
可选地，所述上行报文包括第一字段和第二字段中的至少一个，所述第一字段用于携带所述噪声系数，所述第二字段用于携带所述发射功率。
可选地，所述第一字段以及所述第二字段中的至少一个位于所述上行报文的媒介接入控制MAC头部，或，位于所述上行报文的物理层汇聚协议PLCP头部。
可选地，所述发送单元1620，还用于若满足发送条件，向所述AP发送约定的上行报文。
可选地，所述发送条件包括约定的上行报文的发送时间，或约定的上行报文的发送周期。
应理解，装置1600对应于上述方法实施例中的终端，装置1600中的各模块和上述其他操作和/或功能分别为了实现方法实施例中的终端所实施的各种步骤和方法，具体细节可参见上述方法实施例，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
应理解，装置1600在向AP返回上行报文时，仅以上述各功能模块的划分进行举例说明，实际应用中，可以根据需要而将上述功能分配由不同的功能模块完成，即将装置1600的内部结构划分成不同的功能模块，以完成以上描述的全部或者部分功能。另外，上述实施例提供的装置1600与上述方法实施例属于同一构思，其具体实现过程详见上述方法实施例，这里不再赘述。
应理解，装置1600可以相当于系统100中的终端102，或者相当于终端102中的执行部件。
参见图17，本申请实施例提供了一种通信装置1700，所述装置1700可以为前面各个实施例或图4、图9、图11、图12或图14中的终端或终端的部分，用于执行终端所执行的方法，所述装置1700包括接收单元1710以及发送单元1720；
所述接收单元1710，用于接收触发帧，所述触发帧携带第一指示信息和第二指示信息中的至少一个，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述终端向所述AP发送的上行报文中是否携带噪声系数，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述终端向所述AP发送的上行报文中是否携带发射功率；
所述发送单元1720，用于基于所述触发帧，向所述AP发送所述上行报文。
可选地，所述上行报文包括第一字段和第二字段中的至少一个，所述第一字段用于携带所述噪声系数，所述第二字段用于携带所述发射功率。
可选地，所述第一字段以及所述第二字段中的至少一个位于所述上行报文的媒介接入控制MAC头部，或，位于所述上行报文的物理层汇聚协议PLCP头部。
可选地，所述发送单元1720，还用于若满足发送条件，向所述AP发送约定的上行报文。
可选地，所述发送条件包括约定的上行报文的发送时间，或约定的上行报文的发送周期。
应理解，装置1700对应于上述方法实施例中的终端，装置1700中的各模块和上述其他操作和/或功能分别为了实现方法实施例中的终端所实施的各种步骤和方法，具体细节可参见上述方法实施例，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
应理解，装置1700在向AP返回上行报文时，仅以上述各功能模块的划分进行举例说明，实际应用中，可以根据需要而将上述功能分配由不同的功能模块完成，即将装置1700的内部结构划分成不同的功能模块，以完成以上描述的全部或者部分功能。另外，上述实施例提供的装置1700与上述方法实施例属于同一构思，其具体实现过程详见上述方法实施例，这里不再赘述。
应理解，装置1700可以相当于系统100中的终端102，或者相当于终端102中的执行部件。
图18是本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图。应理解，以下介绍的装置可以实现上述任一方法中AP或终端的任意功能。
可选地，图18所示的通信装置1800被配置为上文所述的AP或终端，该通信装置1800包括一个或多个处理器1801、通信总线1802、存储器1803、一个或多个通信接口1804以及一个或多个天线面板1805。
处理器1801为一个通用中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)、网络处理器(network processing，NP)、微处理器、或者为一个或多个用于实现本申请方案的集成电路，例如，专用集成电路(application-specific integrated circuit，ASIC)，可编程逻辑器件(programmable logic device，PLD)或其组合。可选地，上述PLD为复杂可编程逻辑器件(complex programmable logic device，CPLD)，现场可编程逻辑门阵列(field-programmable gate array，FPGA)，通用阵列逻辑(generic array logic，GAL)或其任意组合。
通信总线1802用于在上述组件之间传送信息。可选地，通信总线1802分为地址总线、数据总线、控制总线等。为便于表示，图中仅用一条粗线表示，但并不表示仅有一根总线或一种类型的总线。
可选地，存储器1803为只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)、电可擦可编程只读存储器(electrically erasable programmable read-only memory，EEPROM)、光盘(包括只读光盘(compact disc read-only memory，CD-ROM)、压缩光盘、激光盘、数字通用光盘、蓝光光盘等)、磁盘存储介质或者其它磁存储设备，或者是能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其它介质，但不限于此。存储器1803独立存在，并通过通信总线1802与处理器1801相连接，或者，存储器1803与处理器1801集成在一起。
通信接口1804使用任何收发器一类的装置，用于与其它设备或通信网络通信。通信接口1804包括有线通信接口，可选地，还包括无线通信接口。其中，有线通信接口例如以太网接口等。可选地，以太网接口为光接口、电接口或其组合。无线通信接口为无线局域网(wireless local area networks，WLAN)接口、蜂窝网络通信接口或其组合等。
天线面板1805上设置有多个天线，天线面板1805用于发送和接收数据，与其他设备进行数据传输。
可选地，在一些实施例中，通信装置1800包括多个处理器，如图18中所示的处理器1801和处理器1806。这些处理器中的每一个为一个单核处理器，或者一个多核处理器。可选地，这里的处理器指一个或多个设备、电路、和/或用于处理数据(如计算机程序指令)的处理核。
在具体实现中，作为一种实施例，通信装置1800还包括输出设备1807和输入设备1808。输出设备1807和处理器1801通信，能够以多种方式来显示信息。例如，输出设备1807为液晶显示器(liquid crystal display，LCD)、发光二级管(light emitting diode，LED)显示设备、阴极射线管(cathode ray tube，CRT)显示设备或投影仪(projector)等。输入设备1808和处理器1801通信，能够以多种方式接收用户的输入。例如，输入设备1808是鼠标、键盘、触摸屏设备或传感设备等。
在一些实施例中，存储器1803用于存储执行本申请方案的程序代码1810，处理器1801能够执行存储器1803中存储的程序代码1810。该程序代码1810中包括一个或多个软件模块，该通信装置1800能够通过处理器1801以及存储器1803中的程序代码1810，来实现上文各个方法实施例提供的信道质量信息确定方法。
装置1800对应于上述方法实施例中的终端或AP，装置1800中的各硬件、模块和上述其他操作和/或功能分别为了实现方法实施例中的终端或者AP所实施的各种步骤和方法。以装置1800对应上述方法实施例中的AP为例，关于装置1800如何确定下行信道质量信息的详细流程，具体细节可参见上述方法实施例，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。其中，上文方法实施例中AP所执行的各步骤通过装置1800的处理器中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。结合本申请实施例所公开的方法中AP所执行的步骤可以直接体现为硬件处理器执行完成，或者用处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以位于随机存储器，闪存、只读存储器，可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程存储器、寄存器等本领域成熟的存储介质中。该存储介质位于存储器，处理器读取存储器中的信息，结合其硬件完成上述方法的步骤。为避免重复，这里不再详细描述。
装置1800对应于上述虚拟装置实施例中的装置1500、装置1600或装置1700中的任一装置，该任一装置中的全部或部分功能模块实际可以采用装置1800中的软件、硬件或软硬件的结合的方式来实现。例如，该任一装置包括的功能模块可以为装置1800的处理器读取存储器中存储的程序代码后生成的。
上述所有可选技术方案，可以采用任意结合形成本公开的可选实施例，在此不再一一赘述。
上述实施例提供的通信装置在确定下行信道质量信息时，仅以上述各功能模块的划分进行举例说明，实际应用中，可以根据需要而将上述功能分配由不同的功能模块完成，即将装置的内部结构划分成不同的功能模块，以完成以上描述的全部或者部分功能。另外，上述实施例提供的信道质量信息确定方法实施例属于同一构思，其具体实现过程详见方法实施例，这里不再赘述。
本申请实施例还提供一种通信装置，包括一个或多个处理器以及一个或多个存储器。该一个或多个存储器与一个或多个处理器耦合，一个或多个存储器用于存储计算机程序代码，计算机程序代码包括计算机指令，当一个或多个处理器执行计算机指令时，使得通信装置执 行上述相关方法步骤实现上述实施例中的信道质量信息确定方法。通信装置可以为本申请实施例提供的AP或终端。
在本申请实施例中，还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，例如包括程序代码的存储器，上述程序代码可由AP或终端中的处理器执行以完成上述实施例中的信道质量信息确定方法。例如，该计算机可读存储介质是非临时计算机可读存储介质，如ROM、RAM、CD-ROM、磁带、软盘和光数据存储设备等。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机程序产品或计算机程序，该计算机程序产品或计算机程序包括计算机指令，该计算机指令存储在计算机可读存储介质中，通信装置的处理器从计算机可读存储介质读取该计算机指令，处理器执行该计算机指令，使得该通信装置执行上述信道质量信息确定方法。
另外，本申请的实施例还提供一种装置，这个装置具体可以是芯片，组件或模块，该装置可包括相连的处理器和存储器；其中，存储器用于存储计算机执行指令，当装置运行时，处理器可执行存储器存储的计算机执行指令，以使芯片执行上述各方法实施例中通信装置执行的信道质量信息确定方法。
其中，本实施例提供的通信装置、计算机可读存储介质、计算机程序产品或芯片均用于执行上文所提供的对应的方法，因此，其所能达到的有益效果可参考上文所提供的对应的方法中的有益效果，此处不再赘述。
通过以上实施方式的描述，所属领域的技术人员可以了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，仅以上述各功能模块的划分进行举例说明，实际应用中，可以根据需要而将上述功能分配由不同的功能模块完成，即将装置的内部结构划分成不同的功能模块，以完成以上描述的全部或者部分功能。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述模块或单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个装置，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是一个物理单元或多个物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个不同地方。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
所述集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请实施例的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一个设备(可以是单片机，芯片等)或处理器(processor)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、ROM、RAM、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
在本申请的描述中，除非另有说明，“/”表示“或”的意思，例如，A/B可以表示A或B。本文中的“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。此外，“至少一个”是指一个或多个，“多个”是指两个或两个以上。“第一”、“第二”等字样并不对数量和执行次序进行限定，并且“第一”、“第二”等字样也并不限定一定不同。
本申请中，“示例性的”或者“例如”等词用于表示作例子、例证或说明。本申请中被描述为“示例性的”或者“例如”的任何实施例或设计方案不应被解释为比其他实施例或设计方案更优选或更具优势。确切而言，使用“示例性的”或者“例如”等词旨在以具体方式呈现相关概念。
以上所述仅为本申请的可选实施例，并不用以限制本申请，凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (28)

  1. 一种信道质量信息确定方法，其特征在于，所述方法由访问接入点AP来执行，所述方法包括：
    接收终端发送的上行报文；
    基于所述上行报文，获取上行信道质量信息；
    基于所述上行信道质量信息、所述终端的噪声系数以及所述终端发送所述上行报文时所采用的发射功率，确定下行信道质量信息。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述噪声系数以及所述发射功率中的至少一个由所述终端发送；
    或，所述噪声系数以及所述发射功率中的至少一个存储在所述AP中。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述噪声系数以及所述发射功率中的至少一个由所述终端发送时，所述上行报文携带所述噪声系数以及所述发射功率中的至少一个。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述上行报文包括第一字段和第二字段中的至少一个，所述第一字段用于携带所述噪声系数，所述第二字段用于携带所述发射功率。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一字段以及所述第二字段中的至少一个位于所述上行报文的媒介接入控制MAC头部，或，位于所述上行报文的物理层汇聚协议PLCP头部。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一项权利要求所述的方法，其特征在于，所述接收终端发送的上行报文之前，所述方法还包括：
    向所述终端发送触发帧，所述触发帧携带第一指示信息和第二指示信息中的至少一个，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述终端向所述AP发送的上行报文中是否携带所述噪声系数，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述终端向所述AP发送的上行报文中是否携带所述发射功率。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述发射功率存储在所述AP中时，所述接收终端发送的上行报文之前，所述方法还包括：
    向所述终端发送触发帧，所述触发帧携带第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息用于指示所述终端以所述发射功率发送所述上行报文。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7任一项权利要求所述的方法，其特征在于，所述下行信道质量信息包括下行信噪比。
  9. 一种信道质量信息确定方法，其特征在于，所述方法由终端来执行，所述方法包括：
    接收触发帧；
    基于所述触发帧，向AP发送上行报文，所述上行报文携带噪声系数和或发射功率，所述噪声系数和或发射功率用于确定下行信道质量信息。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述触发帧携带第一指示信息和第二指示信息中的至少一个，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述终端向所述AP发送的所述上行报文中是否携带噪声系数，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述终端向所述AP发送的所述上行报文中是否携带发射功率。
  11. 根据权利要求9或10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述上行报文包括第一字段和第二字段中的至少一个，所述第一字段用于携带所述噪声系数，所述第二字段用于携带所述发射功率。
  12. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述装置被配置为AP，所述装置包括：
    接收单元，用于接收终端发送的上行报文；
    获取单元，用于基于所述上行报文，获取上行信道质量信息；
    确定单元，用于基于所述上行信道质量信息、所述终端的噪声系数以及所述终端发送所述上行报文时所采用的发射功率，确定下行信道质量信息。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的装置，其特征在于，所述噪声系数以及所述发射功率中的至少一个由所述终端发送；
    或，所述噪声系数以及所述发射功率中的至少一个存储在所述AP中。
  14. 根据权利要求12或13所述的装置，其特征在于，所述噪声系数以及所述发射功率中的至少一个由所述终端发送时，所述上行报文携带所述噪声系数以及所述发射功率中的至少一个。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的装置，其特征在于，所述上行报文包括第一字段和第二字段中的至少一个，所述第一字段用于携带所述噪声系数，所述第二字段用于携带所述发射功率。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一字段以及所述第二字段中的至少一个位于所述上行报文的媒介接入控制MAC头部，或，位于所述上行报文的物理层汇聚协议PLCP头部。
  17. 根据权利要求12-16任一项权利要求所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：
    第一发送单元，用于向所述终端发送触发帧，所述触发帧携带第一指示信息和第二指示信息中的至少一个，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述终端向所述AP发送的上行报文中是否 携带所述噪声系数，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述终端向所述AP发送的上行报文中是否携带所述发射功率。
  18. 根据权利要求13所述的装置，其特征在于，所述发射功率存储在所述AP中时，所述装置还包括：
    第二发送单元，用于向所述终端发送触发帧，所述触发帧携带第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息用于指示所述终端以所述发射功率发送所述上行报文。
  19. 根据权利要求12-18任一项权利要求所述的装置，其特征在于，所述下行信道质量信息包括下行信噪比。
  20. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括：
    接收单元，用于接收触发帧；
    发送单元，用于基于所述触发帧，向所述AP发送上行报文，所述上行报文携带噪声系数和或发射功率，所述噪声系数和或发射功率用于确定下行信道质量信息。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的装置，其特征在于，所述触发帧携带第一指示信息和第二指示信息中的至少一个，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述终端向所述AP发送的所述上行报文中是否携带噪声系数，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述终端向所述AP发送的所述上行报文中是否携带发射功率。
  22. 根据权利要求20或21所述的装置，其特征在于，所述上行报文包括第一字段和第二字段中的至少一个，所述第一字段用于携带所述噪声系数，所述第二字段用于携带所述发射功率。
  23. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置包括处理器，所述处理器用于执行程序代码，使得所述通信装置执行如权利要求1至权利要求8中任一项所述的方法。
  24. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置包括处理器，所述处理器用于执行程序代码，使得所述通信装置执行如权利要求9至权利要求11中任一项所述的方法。
  25. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述存储介质中存储有至少一条程序代码，所述至少一条程序代码由处理器读取以使通信装置执行如权利要求1至权利要求11中任一项所述的方法。
  26. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，所述计算机程序产品包括：计算机程序或指令，当所述计算机程序或指令在计算机上运行时，使得所述计算机执行如权利要求1至权利要求11中任一项所述的方法。
  27. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置包括处理器，所述处理器与存储器耦合；
    所述存储器，用于存储计算机程序；
    所述处理器，用于执行所述存储器中存储的所述计算机程序，以使得所述通信装置执行如权利要求1至权利要求11中任一项所述的方法。
  28. 一种芯片，所述芯片包括逻辑电路和接口电路，所述逻辑电路用于执行如权利要求1至权利要求11中任一项所述的方法。
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