WO2022200648A1 - Automated and reinforced tilt test machine - Google Patents

Automated and reinforced tilt test machine Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022200648A1
WO2022200648A1 PCT/ES2021/070883 ES2021070883W WO2022200648A1 WO 2022200648 A1 WO2022200648 A1 WO 2022200648A1 ES 2021070883 W ES2021070883 W ES 2021070883W WO 2022200648 A1 WO2022200648 A1 WO 2022200648A1
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test
tilt
tilt test
automated
platform
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PCT/ES2021/070883
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Spanish (es)
French (fr)
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Roberto TOMÁS JOVER
Miguel CANO GONZÁLEZ
Roberto TOMÁS NAVARRO
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Universidad De Alicante
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Publication of WO2022200648A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022200648A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C1/00—Measuring angles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N19/00—Investigating materials by mechanical methods
    • G01N19/02—Measuring coefficient of friction between materials
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/24—Earth materials

Definitions

  • This invention is mainly related to the field of geotechnical rock mechanics laboratory tests, in the field of Civil, Geological and Mining Engineering.
  • the invention consists of an automated tilt test machine (tilt test, in English) with a reinforced structure based on steel profiles for testing specimens and rock blocks and other geomaterials of small and large dimensions and masses, or the realization of scale tests, with precise regulation of the inclination speed by means of a power variator that controls a linear actuator, thus significantly reducing unwanted vibrations during the test, and with an adaptable detection system and automatic stop of the test by means of movement sensors when starts the displacement of the specimens or blocks.
  • the system is also equipped with a fixing stop for the lower specimen that can be adjusted along the test table to adjust it to the needs of the test.
  • the tilt test is used in rock mechanics laboratories and in rock engineering projects as a simple, sufficiently reliable and affordable technique for determining the basic friction angle of rocks or the friction angle of discontinuities.
  • it consists of placing a core or block of rock or other stone material on top of another core or support block, and then tilting the core or support block until one fragment begins to slide over another.
  • the angle of the support plane with respect to the horizontal is measured, which is related to the basic friction angle of the rock or of the discontinuities, depending on the type of sample used.
  • This equipment can also be used for the development of physical models of slopes to scale.
  • the gradual inclination of the support plane is usually carried out by manual means.
  • the lower platform is tilted directly manually by lifting one of the ends of the platform or, directly, of the lower block. Once the upper block slides, the angle that the platform makes with the horizontal is measured using a clinometer, goniometer or protractor.
  • the University of Vigo developed a model in which a motor placed in the chassis or lower part and regulated by a frequency inverter rotates a worm screw connected to cams, which are responsible for raising or lowering the part. higher of the table depending on the case (ES1075831 U).
  • the end of the test which is defined by the beginning of the sliding of the upper specimen in the case of conventional tilt tests or by the complete sliding of the upper specimen in the case of long-distance tests, is controlled manually. , activating the stop button of the equipment or stopping the rotation or manual push that generates the inclination of the platform. Therefore, the manual stop is not immediate. Since the response time of a human to a stimulus is usually a few seconds, this introduces a small additional twist in the test after the slide of the specimen that causes an error in the value of the angle obtained. This error could be avoided with an automatic system for detecting the movement of the specimen, which at the moment none of the known systems includes.
  • the present invention consists of an automated tilt test machine (tilt test, in English) with a structure reinforced by steel profiles for the testing of specimens and rock blocks and other geomaterials of large dimensions and mass, with precise regulation of speed of movement. inclination by means of a power variator that controls an elevation system, such as a linear actuator, thus significantly reducing unwanted vibrations and accelerations during the performance of the test, and with a system that is fully adjustable to the geometry of the test for the detection of movement and automatic stop by means of a movement detection element when the displacement of the specimens starts or a certain level of deformation is exceeded.
  • the system is equipped with an adjustable lower specimen fixation stop that can slide along the test table to adjust it to the needs of the test.
  • the proposed patent consists of a tilt test table that has advantages and solves the following problems that currently exist in this type of equipment:
  • Figure 1.- Shows a front view of the device of the invention (elevation).
  • Figure 2.- Shows a top view of the device of the invention (plan).
  • Figure 3. Shows a side view of the device of the invention with the platform in the rest position (profile).
  • Figure 4 shows a side view of the device of the invention with the platform raised (profile).
  • This patent refers to an automated tilt test tilt test machine, adapted for testing small and large blocks, comprising a structure reinforced with steel profiles (2) to support large loads without deformation, on which supports an also reinforced platform (1) that has a raised end (9) to prevent the specimens or blocks from falling.
  • the steel profiles are welded to the structure (2) to give it greater stability and robustness, but they could also be screwed or riveted.
  • the platform is articulated at one of its ends and can be reclined through a lifting system (3).
  • the elevation system (3) is a linear actuator that rests at one end on the lower part of the structure reinforced with steel profiles (2) and at the other end on the lower part of the reinforced platform ( 1).
  • the linear actuator is regulated by a power variator (8) located in an electrical panel.
  • the equipment also has guides (6) on both sides of the table and integral with it, which allow the retention stop of the lower specimen (5) to slide and adjust along the entire reinforced platform (1), at the will of the user to adapt it to the needs of the test.
  • On the side of that same guide (6) there is a non-contact movement detection element (4), responsible for automatically stopping the platform when a certain displacement of the specimen occurs.
  • the non-contact movement detection system (4) is a photocell.
  • the non-contact movement detection element (4) is supported on an adjustable support (11) that allows the user to define which displacement of the test piece means the end of the test.
  • the reinforced platform (1) also has an inclination angle measurement system (10), to precisely measure the angle that the platform forms with the horizontal, at each moment of the test.
  • the tilt angle measurement system (10) is a precision digital clinometer.
  • An analog clinometer, protractor, or goniometer can also be used, but the accuracy of the measurement would be less.
  • the system also consists of two safety limit switches (7) that automatically stop the rotation of the platform in its extreme positions, thus preventing the machine from tipping over or the motor from continuing to rotate once the reinforced platform (1) has reached its rest position.

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Abstract

The present invention relates to an automated tilt test machine having a structure reinforced by steel profiles for testing specimens and blocks of rock and other geomaterials of large dimensions and mass, having precise regulation of tilt speed by means of a power regulator that controls a lifting system, thereby significantly reducing unwanted vibrations and accelerations while conducting the test, and having a system, which is fully adjustable to the test geometry, for detecting movement and automatically stopping the test by means of a movement detection element when the displacement of the specimens begins or when a certain level of deformation is exceeded.

Description

MÁQUINA AUTOMATIZADA Y REFORZADA DE ENSAYO DE INCLINACIÓN TILT TEST AUTOMATED AND REINFORCED TILT TEST MACHINE
DESCRIPCIÓN DESCRIPTION
CAMPO DE LA INVENCIÓN FIELD OF THE INVENTION
Esta invención se relaciona principalmente con el campo de los ensayos geotécnicos de laboratorio de mecánica de rocas, en el ámbito de la Ingeniería Civil, Geológica y de Minas. This invention is mainly related to the field of geotechnical rock mechanics laboratory tests, in the field of Civil, Geological and Mining Engineering.
La invención consiste en una máquina automatizada de ensayos de inclinación (tilt test, en inglés) con estructura reforzada a base de perfiles de acero para el ensayo de probetas y bloques de roca y otros geomateriales de pequeñas y grandes dimensiones y masas, o la realización de ensayos a escala, con regulación precisa de velocidad de inclinación mediante un variador de potencia que controla un actuador lineal, reduciendo así significativamente vibraciones indeseadas durante el ensayo, y con un sistema adaptable de detección y parada automática del ensayo mediante sensores de movimiento cuando se inicia el desplazamiento de las probetas o bloques. El sistema está también dotado de un tope de fijación de la probeta inferior regulable a lo largo de la mesa de ensayo para ajustarlo a las necesidades del mismo. The invention consists of an automated tilt test machine (tilt test, in English) with a reinforced structure based on steel profiles for testing specimens and rock blocks and other geomaterials of small and large dimensions and masses, or the realization of scale tests, with precise regulation of the inclination speed by means of a power variator that controls a linear actuator, thus significantly reducing unwanted vibrations during the test, and with an adaptable detection system and automatic stop of the test by means of movement sensors when starts the displacement of the specimens or blocks. The system is also equipped with a fixing stop for the lower specimen that can be adjusted along the test table to adjust it to the needs of the test.
ESTADO DE LA TÉCNICA ANTERIOR PRIOR STATE OF THE ART
El ensayo de inclinación o tilt test se emplea en laboratorios de mecánica de rocas y en proyectos de ingeniería de rocas como una técnica sencilla, suficientemente fiable y asequible para la determinación del ángulo de rozamiento básico de las rocas o el ángulo de rozamiento de discontinuidades. En esencia, consiste en colocar un testigo o bloque de roca u otro material pétreo sobre otro testigo o bloque de apoyo, y a continuación, inclinar el testigo o bloque de apoyo hasta que comience a deslizar un fragmento sobre otro. En el momento en el que se inicie el desplazamiento se mide el ángulo del plano de apoyo con respecto a la horizontal que está relacionado con el ángulo de rozamiento básico de la roca o de las discontinuidades según el tipo de muestra empleado. Este equipo también puede utilizarse para el desarrollo de modelos físicos de taludes a escala. The tilt test is used in rock mechanics laboratories and in rock engineering projects as a simple, sufficiently reliable and affordable technique for determining the basic friction angle of rocks or the friction angle of discontinuities. In essence, it consists of placing a core or block of rock or other stone material on top of another core or support block, and then tilting the core or support block until one fragment begins to slide over another. At the moment in which the displacement begins, the angle of the support plane with respect to the horizontal is measured, which is related to the basic friction angle of the rock or of the discontinuities, depending on the type of sample used. This equipment can also be used for the development of physical models of slopes to scale.
El artículo de Alejano L.R. (Alejano, L.R., Muralha, J., Ulusay, R., Li, C.C., Pérez-Rey, I., Karakul, H., Chryssanthakis, P., Aydan, Ó., Martínez, J. & Zhang, N. 2017. A Benchmark Experiment to Assess Factors Affecting Tilt Test Results for Sawcut Rock Surfaces. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 50, 2547-2562, doi: 10.1007/s00603-017-1271-6) hace una revisión de los equipos disponibles en el mercado para realizar ensayos de tilt test, algunos de los cuales se describen a continuación. The article by Alejano LR (Alejano, LR, Muralha, J., Ulusay, R., Li, CC, Pérez-Rey, I., Karakul, H., Chryssanthakis, P., Aydan, Ó., Martínez, J. & Zhang, N. 2017. A Benchmark Experiment to Assess Factors Affecting Tilt Test Results for Sawcut Rock Surfaces. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 50, 2547-2562, doi: 10.1007/s00603-017-1271-6) reviews the equipment available on the market to perform tilt tests, some of which are described below.
La inclinación gradual del plano de apoyo se lleva a cabo habitualmente por medios manuales. Para ello existen equipos en los que la plataforma inferior se inclina directamente de forma manual mediante elevación de uno de los extremos de la plataforma o, directamente, del bloque inferior. Una vez que el bloque superior desliza, se mide el ángulo que la plataforma forma con la horizontal mediante un clinómetro, goniómetro o transportador de ángulos. The gradual inclination of the support plane is usually carried out by manual means. For this there is equipment in which the lower platform is tilted directly manually by lifting one of the ends of the platform or, directly, of the lower block. Once the upper block slides, the angle that the platform makes with the horizontal is measured using a clinometer, goniometer or protractor.
Otros sistemas utilizan husillos accionados manualmente mediante volantes con manija de giro que producen la inclinación gradual de la plataforma. En estos equipos, el ensayo es detenido por el operador cuando percibe que el bloque superior desliza sobre el inferior de forma manual, mediante el cese del giro del volante. Other systems use spindles manually actuated by handwheels with a twist handle that produce the gradual inclination of the platform. In this equipment, the test is stopped by the operator when he perceives that the upper block slides over the lower one manually, by stopping the turning of the steering wheel.
Asimismo, existen sistemas de elevación neumáticos en los que la elevación de la plataforma se realiza mediante un cilindro neumático alimentado por un compresor de aire comprimido. En estos sistemas, la detención del equipo también es manual, realizándose mediante la interrupción del flujo de aire que llega al cilindro neumático. Likewise, there are pneumatic elevation systems in which the elevation of the platform is carried out by means of a pneumatic cylinder fed by a compressed air compressor. In these systems, the equipment is also stopped manually, being carried out by interrupting the air flow that reaches the pneumatic cylinder.
En estos equipos no hay posibilidad de controlar la velocidad angular con la que se inclina la plataforma. Generalmente, es el operador el que mediante el sistema de accionamiento (por ejemplo, el giro del volante con manija), controla la velocidad del ensayo. Esto produce vibraciones indeseadas y variaciones de velocidad originadas por el factor humano, que disminuyen la eficacia del ensayo. In these equipments there is no possibility to control the angular speed with which the platform tilts. Generally, it is the operator who controls the speed of the test through the drive system (for example, turning the steering wheel with the handle). This produces unwanted vibrations and speed variations caused by the human factor, which decrease the effectiveness of the test.
En los años 80 se desarrolló un prototipo motorizado (Bruce, I.G., Cruden, D.M. y Eaton, T.M. 1989. Use of a tilting table to determine the basicfriction angle of hard rock samples. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Volume 26, Issue 3. NRC Research Press, Cañada pp. 474-479) que inclinaba la plataforma a través de un sistema de poleas movido por un motor que no llegó a comercializarse. A motorized prototype was developed in the 1980s (Bruce, I.G., Cruden, D.M., and Eaton, T.M. 1989. Use of a tilting table to determine the basicfriction angle of hard rock samples. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Volume 26, Issue 3. NRC Research Press, Cañada pp. 474-479) that tilted the platform through a system of pulleys moved by a motor that was never commercialized.
Posteriormente, la Universidad de Vigo desarrolló un modelo en el que un motor colocado en el chasis o parte inferior y regulado por un variador de frecuencia, hace girar un tornillo sin fin conectado a unas levas, las cuales se encargan de ascender o descender la parte superior de la mesa en función del caso (ES1075831 U). Subsequently, the University of Vigo developed a model in which a motor placed in the chassis or lower part and regulated by a frequency inverter rotates a worm screw connected to cams, which are responsible for raising or lowering the part. higher of the table depending on the case (ES1075831 U).
Por otro lado, el fin del ensayo, que viene definido por el inicio del deslizamiento de la probeta superior en el caso de ensayo tilt test convencionales o por el deslizamiento completo de la probeta superior en el caso de ensayos de largo recorrido, se controla manualmente, accionando el botón de parada del equipo o deteniendo el giro o empuje manual que genera la inclinación de la plataforma. Por lo tanto, la detención manual no es inmediata. Dado que el tiempo de respuesta de un humano a un estímulo suele ser de unos poco segundos, esto introduce en el ensayo un pequeño giro adicional tras el deslizamiento de la probeta que origina un error en el valor del ángulo obtenido. Este error podría evitarse con un sistema automático de detección del movimiento de la probeta, que por el momento ninguno de los sistemas conocidos incluye. On the other hand, the end of the test, which is defined by the beginning of the sliding of the upper specimen in the case of conventional tilt tests or by the complete sliding of the upper specimen in the case of long-distance tests, is controlled manually. , activating the stop button of the equipment or stopping the rotation or manual push that generates the inclination of the platform. Therefore, the manual stop is not immediate. Since the response time of a human to a stimulus is usually a few seconds, this introduces a small additional twist in the test after the slide of the specimen that causes an error in the value of the angle obtained. This error could be avoided with an automatic system for detecting the movement of the specimen, which at the moment none of the known systems includes.
Para la realización del ensayo convencional de tilt test, basta con que la probeta superior comience a desplazarse para que finalice el ensayo. Por el contrario, en los ensayos de tilt test de largo recorrido, el ensayo finaliza cuando la probeta superior ha deslizado por completo sobre la inferior. Para configurar estos dos ensayos, es necesario permitir el recorrido suficiente de la probeta superior sobre las inferiores, lo que hace necesario disponer de un calzo de madera o similar en el extremo articulado de la plataforma a modo de tope para alejar las probetas del final de la plataforma con el fin de permitir el desplazamiento de la probeta superior sobre la inferior. En función de la configuración del ensayo, debe usarse un calzo o tope de diferente longitud, lo que también supone un inconveniente para la versatilidad del ensayo, ya que obliga al usuario a disponer de distintos tipos de calzos o topes. To carry out the conventional tilt test, it is enough that the upper specimen begins to move for the test to end. On the contrary, in long-distance tilt tests, the test ends when the upper specimen has completely slid over the lower one. To set up these two tests, it is necessary to allow sufficient travel of the upper specimen over the lower ones, which makes it necessary to have a wooden wedge or similar at the articulated end of the platform as a stop to move the specimens away from the end of the platform. the platform in order to allow the displacement of the upper specimen over the lower one. Depending on the configuration of the test, a shim or stop of a different length must be used, which is also a drawback for the versatility of the test, since it forces the user to have different types of shims or stops.
Por último, cabe indicar que los equipos existentes se utilizan únicamente para ensayar probetas o muestras de pequeñas dimensiones y bajo peso, por lo que sus estructuras no están preparadas para soportar grandes cargas ni sostener probetas de grandes dimensiones. Lastly, it should be noted that the existing equipment is only used to test small-sized and low-weight specimens or samples, so their structures are not prepared to support large loads or hold large-sized specimens.
Por tanto, se hace necesario, a la luz de lo antes expuesto, un sistema que permita la realización del ensayo tilt test en todas sus variantes, que sirva para probetas de cualquier peso o dimensiones, y que permita un desarrollo y finalización del ensayo automatizado para eliminar el error introducido por el factor humano. Therefore, it is necessary, in light of the above, a system that allows the performance of the tilt test in all its variants, which can be used for specimens of any weight or dimensions, and which allows the development and completion of the automated test. to eliminate the error introduced by the human factor.
EXPLICACIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN La presente invención consiste en una máquina automatizada de ensayos de inclinación (tilt test, en inglés) con estructura reforzada mediante perfiles de acero para el ensayo de probetas y bloques de roca y otros geomateriales de grandes dimensiones y masa, con regulación precisa de velocidad de inclinación mediante un variador de potencia que controla un sistema de elevación, como por ejemplo un actuador lineal, reduciendo así significativamente vibraciones y aceleraciones indeseadas durante la realización del ensayo, y con un sistema totalmente regulable a la geometría del ensayo para la detección de movimiento y parada automática mediante un elemento de detección de movimiento cuando se inicia el desplazamiento de las probetas o se supera cierto nivel de deformación. Además, el sistema está dotado de un tope de fijación de la probeta inferior regulable que puede deslizarse a lo largo de la mesa de ensayo para ajustarlo a las necesidades del ensayo. EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION The present invention consists of an automated tilt test machine (tilt test, in English) with a structure reinforced by steel profiles for the testing of specimens and rock blocks and other geomaterials of large dimensions and mass, with precise regulation of speed of movement. inclination by means of a power variator that controls an elevation system, such as a linear actuator, thus significantly reducing unwanted vibrations and accelerations during the performance of the test, and with a system that is fully adjustable to the geometry of the test for the detection of movement and automatic stop by means of a movement detection element when the displacement of the specimens starts or a certain level of deformation is exceeded. In addition, the system is equipped with an adjustable lower specimen fixation stop that can slide along the test table to adjust it to the needs of the test.
Por tanto, la patente propuesta consiste en una mesa de ensayos de inclinación (tilt test, en inglés) que presenta ventajas y resuelve los siguientes problemas existentes en la actualidad en este tipo de equipos: Therefore, the proposed patent consists of a tilt test table that has advantages and solves the following problems that currently exist in this type of equipment:
■ Estructura reforzada para el ensayo de grandes bloques y grandes dimensiones, cuando las actualmente existentes permiten únicamente ensayar muestras o probetas de unos pocos kilos de peso y reducidas dimensiones. ■ Reinforced structure for testing large blocks and large dimensions, when the currently existing ones only allow testing samples or specimens weighing a few kilos and small in size.
■ Regulación precisa de la velocidad angular mediante un variador de potencia que permite regular las velocidades de ensayo a través del control de un actuador lineal, reduciendo así significativamente las vibraciones y aceleraciones indeseadas durante el proceso de ensayo que puedan afectar a los resultados. ■ Precise regulation of the angular speed by means of a power variator that allows the test speeds to be regulated through the control of a linear actuator, thus significantly reducing unwanted vibrations and accelerations during the test process that may affect the results.
■ Sistema de detección automática de desplazamiento con detención automática del ensayo cuando se inicia el movimiento de las probetas (ensayo convencional) o se alcance un determinado desplazamiento (ensayo de largo recorrido). Este sistema es totalmente regulable y flexible para adaptarse a diferentes configuraciones de ensayo. ■ Automatic displacement detection system with automatic test stop when the movement of the specimens starts (conventional test) or a certain displacement is reached (long-distance test). This system is fully adjustable and flexible to adapt to different test configurations.
■ Tope inferior móvil regulable a lo largo de toda la mesa de ensayo para el desarrollo de ensayos de deslizamiento completo (largo recorrido) y fijación de la probeta inferior, adaptable a cualquier configuración de ensayo. Con esto se evita la necesidad de disponer de calzos de madera o similar, de distintas dimensiones y formas, según la configuración del ensayo que se desee. ■ Adjustable mobile bottom stop along the entire test table for the development of full slip tests (long travel) and fixation of the lower specimen, adaptable to any test configuration. This avoids the need to have wooden wedges or similar, of different dimensions and shapes, depending on the configuration of the desired test.
BREVE DESCRIPCIÓN DE LAS FIGURAS BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
Para complementar la descripción que se está realizando y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características de la invención, se acompaña como parte integrante de dicha descripción, un juego de dibujos en donde con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se ha representado lo siguiente: To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, a set of drawings is attached as an integral part of said description, where the following has been represented for illustrative and non-limiting purposes:
Figura 1.- Muestra una vista frontal del dispositivo de la invención (alzado). Figure 1.- Shows a front view of the device of the invention (elevation).
Figura 2.- Muestra una vista superior del dispositivo de la invención (planta). Figure 2.- Shows a top view of the device of the invention (plan).
Figura 3.- Muestra una vista lateral del dispositivo de la invención con la plataforma en posición de reposo (perfil). Figure 3.- Shows a side view of the device of the invention with the platform in the rest position (profile).
Figura 4 Muestra una vista lateral del dispositivo de la invención con la plataforma elevada (perfil). Figure 4 shows a side view of the device of the invention with the platform raised (profile).
EXPOSICIÓN DETALLADA DE MODOS DE REALIZACIÓN DETAILED EXPOSITION OF METHODS OF REALIZATION
La presente patente se refiere a una máquina automatizada de ensayo de inclinación tilt test, adaptada para el ensayo de bloques de pequeño y gran tamaño, que comprende una estructura reforzada con perfiles de acero (2) para soportar grandes cargas sin deformaciones, sobre la que apoya una plataforma también reforzada (1) que tiene un extremo elevado (9) para evitar la caída de las probetas o bloques. En una realización preferente, los perfiles de acero están soldados a la estructura (2) para darle una mayor estabilidad y robustez, pero también podrían atornillarse o roblonarse. La plataforma está articulada en uno de sus extremos y es reclinable a través de un sistema de elevación (3). En una realización preferente, el sistema de elevación (3) es un actuador lineal que apoya en un extremo en la parte inferior de la estructura reforzada con perfiles de acero (2) y en el otro extremo sobre la parte inferior de la plataforma reforzada (1). El actuador lineal es regulado mediante un variador de potencia (8) localizado en un cuadro eléctrico. El equipo dispone también de unas guías (6) a ambos lados de la mesa y solidarias con ésta, que permiten el deslizamiento y regulación del tope de retención de la probeta inferior (5) a lo largo de toda la plataforma reforzada (1), a voluntad del usuario para adaptarlo a las necesidades del ensayo. Sobre el lateral de esa misma guía (6), se dispone de un elemento de detección de movimiento sin contacto (4), encargado de detener automáticamente la plataforma al producirse cierto desplazamiento de la probeta. En una realización preferente, el sistema de detección de movimiento sin contacto (4) es una fotocélula. En otra realización preferente, el elemento de detección de movimiento sin contacto (4) está sustentado sobre un soporte regulable (11) que permite que el usuario pueda definir qué desplazamiento de la probeta supone el fin del ensayo. Esto permite adaptar la máquina para ser utilizada tanto en el ensayo convencional como en el ensayo de largo recorrido. La plataforma reforzada (1) dispone también de un sistema de medida del ángulo de inclinación (10), para medir de forma precisa el ángulo que forma la plataforma con la horizontal, en cada momento del ensayo. En una realización preferente, el sistema de medida del ángulo de inclinación (10) es un clinómetro digital de precisión. Se puede usar también un clinómetro analógico, un transportador de ángulo o un goniómetro, pero la precisión de la medida sería menor. Por último, el sistema también consta de dos finales de carrera de seguridad (7) que detienen automáticamente el giro de la plataforma en sus posiciones extremas, de manera que evita que la máquina vuelque o que el motor siga girando una vez que la plataforma reforzada (1) haya llegado a su posición de reposo. This patent refers to an automated tilt test tilt test machine, adapted for testing small and large blocks, comprising a structure reinforced with steel profiles (2) to support large loads without deformation, on which supports an also reinforced platform (1) that has a raised end (9) to prevent the specimens or blocks from falling. In a preferred embodiment, the steel profiles are welded to the structure (2) to give it greater stability and robustness, but they could also be screwed or riveted. The platform is articulated at one of its ends and can be reclined through a lifting system (3). In a preferred embodiment, the elevation system (3) is a linear actuator that rests at one end on the lower part of the structure reinforced with steel profiles (2) and at the other end on the lower part of the reinforced platform ( 1). The linear actuator is regulated by a power variator (8) located in an electrical panel. The equipment also has guides (6) on both sides of the table and integral with it, which allow the retention stop of the lower specimen (5) to slide and adjust along the entire reinforced platform (1), at the will of the user to adapt it to the needs of the test. On the side of that same guide (6), there is a non-contact movement detection element (4), responsible for automatically stopping the platform when a certain displacement of the specimen occurs. In a preferred embodiment, the non-contact movement detection system (4) is a photocell. In another preferred embodiment, the non-contact movement detection element (4) is supported on an adjustable support (11) that allows the user to define which displacement of the test piece means the end of the test. This allows the machine to be adapted to be used both in conventional testing as in the long-distance test. The reinforced platform (1) also has an inclination angle measurement system (10), to precisely measure the angle that the platform forms with the horizontal, at each moment of the test. In a preferred embodiment, the tilt angle measurement system (10) is a precision digital clinometer. An analog clinometer, protractor, or goniometer can also be used, but the accuracy of the measurement would be less. Finally, the system also consists of two safety limit switches (7) that automatically stop the rotation of the platform in its extreme positions, thus preventing the machine from tipping over or the motor from continuing to rotate once the reinforced platform (1) has reached its rest position.

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
1. Máquina automatizada de ensayo de inclinación tilt test que comprende una estructura reforzada con perfiles de acero, una plataforma reforzada que tiene un extremo elevado y está articulada en uno de sus extremos mediante un sistema de elevación, un variador de potencia que controla la velocidad del sistema de elevación, unas guías a ambos lados de la plataforma reforzada para el deslizamiento de un tope de retención de la probeta inferior, un elemento de detección de movimiento sin contacto que es el encargado de detener automáticamente la plataforma al producirse deslizamiento de la probeta y un sistema de medida del ángulo de inclinación. 1. Automated tilt test tilt test machine comprising a reinforced structure with steel profiles, a reinforced platform that has a raised end and is articulated at one of its ends by means of a lifting system, a power variator that controls speed of the elevation system, some guides on both sides of the reinforced platform for the sliding of a retention stop for the lower specimen, a non-contact movement detection element that is responsible for automatically stopping the platform when the specimen slips and a tilt angle measurement system.
2. Máquina automatizada de ensayo de inclinación tilt test según la reivindicación 1 donde los perfiles de acero están soldados a la estructura reforzada. 2. Automated tilt test tilt test machine according to claim 1, where the steel profiles are welded to the reinforced structure.
3. Máquina automatizada de ensayo de inclinación tilt test según la reivindicación 1 donde el sistema de elevación es un actuador lineal. 3. Automated tilt test tilt test machine according to claim 1, where the elevation system is a linear actuator.
4. Máquina automatizada de ensayo de inclinación tilt test según la reivindicación 1 donde el elemento de detección de movimiento sin contacto es una fotocélula. 4. Automated tilt test tilt test machine according to claim 1, where the non-contact movement detection element is a photocell.
5. Máquina automatizada de ensayo de inclinación tilt test según la reivindicación 1 donde el elemento de detección de movimiento sin contacto está ubicado sobre un soporte regulable que permite establecer el desplazamiento de la probeta que determina el fin del ensayo. 5. Automated tilt test tilt test machine according to claim 1, where the non-contact movement detection element is located on an adjustable support that allows the displacement of the specimen to be established, which determines the end of the test.
6. Máquina automatizada de ensayo de inclinación tilt test según la reivindicación 1 donde el sistema de medida del ángulo de inclinación es un clinómetro digital de precisión. 6. Automated tilt test tilt test machine according to claim 1, where the tilt angle measurement system is a precision digital clinometer.
7. Máquina automatizada de ensayo de inclinación tilt test según la reivindicación 1 que incluye dos finales de carrera de seguridad que detienen automáticamente el giro de la plataforma en sus posiciones extremas. 7. Automated tilt test tilt test machine according to claim 1 that includes two safety limit switches that automatically stop the rotation of the platform in its extreme positions.
PCT/ES2021/070883 2021-03-25 2021-12-13 Automated and reinforced tilt test machine WO2022200648A1 (en)

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ES202130607U ES1266454Y (en) 2021-03-25 2021-03-25 AUTOMATED AND REINFORCED TILT TEST TILT TEST MACHINE

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES1075831U (en) * 2011-10-03 2011-12-13 Universidad De Vigo Motorized tilting machine (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
CN206906222U (en) * 2017-07-01 2018-01-19 岭南师范学院 A kind of device for determining coefficient of friction
CN108444904A (en) * 2018-04-25 2018-08-24 重庆大学 Static and dynamic friction coefficient intelligent device for measuring
CN110470593A (en) * 2019-08-31 2019-11-19 四川大学 For quickly measuring the experimental rig and method of structural plane model material friction coefficient
CN211825497U (en) * 2020-01-19 2020-10-30 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 Tiltable shearing device

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES1075831U (en) * 2011-10-03 2011-12-13 Universidad De Vigo Motorized tilting machine (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
CN206906222U (en) * 2017-07-01 2018-01-19 岭南师范学院 A kind of device for determining coefficient of friction
CN108444904A (en) * 2018-04-25 2018-08-24 重庆大学 Static and dynamic friction coefficient intelligent device for measuring
CN110470593A (en) * 2019-08-31 2019-11-19 四川大学 For quickly measuring the experimental rig and method of structural plane model material friction coefficient
CN211825497U (en) * 2020-01-19 2020-10-30 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 Tiltable shearing device

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