WO2022199409A1 - 锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的预测方法、装置及设备 - Google Patents
锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的预测方法、装置及设备 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 116
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
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- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
- G06F30/28—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using fluid dynamics, e.g. using Navier-Stokes equations or computational fluid dynamics [CFD]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2113/00—Details relating to the application field
- G06F2113/08—Fluids
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
- G06F2119/08—Thermal analysis or thermal optimisation
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste
Definitions
- the invention relates to the technical field of thermal power generation, in particular to a method, device and equipment for predicting the temperature deviation of the wall of a high temperature heating surface tube of a boiler.
- the power generation equipment in thermal power generation includes the boiler of the power station.
- the pulverized coal airflow arranged at the four corners of the boiler is injected into the furnace at a certain deflection angle, forming a rotating airflow, which rises in a spiral shape.
- the efficiency of thermal energy conversion into electrical energy in thermal power generation leads to waste of materials.
- the tangential rotation of the flue gas in the boiler causes the flue gas velocity, temperature and other parameters to be unequal along the furnace width and height in the heating tube panel of the same-level boiler, and the high temperature heating surface tube panel of the boiler is exposed to high temperature and high speed for a long time.
- the high temperature heating surface tube panel of the boiler is made of high temperature resistant materials, when the boiler is working, the heat absorption deviation of the high temperature heating surface tube panel is too large or there is sudden disturbance, the tube wall of the boiler is prone to occur. Excessive temperature will shorten its life, cause over-temperature tube burst accidents, and seriously threaten the safe operation of the power station. Therefore, in the process of using boilers to generate thermal energy to achieve thermal power generation, it is extremely important to study the distribution law of the heat absorption deviation of the boiler's high-temperature heating surface tube panel.
- the embodiments of the present invention provide a method, device and equipment for predicting the temperature deviation of the high temperature heating surface tube panel of a boiler, which are used to solve the problem when the heat absorption deviation of the high temperature heating surface tube panel of the existing boiler is too large or sudden disturbance occurs. , the tube wall of the boiler is prone to over-temperature accidents, which seriously threatens the technical problems of the safe operation of the power station.
- a method for predicting the temperature deviation of a tube wall of a high-temperature heating surface of a boiler, which is applied to a combustion system of a coal-fired generating set comprising the following steps:
- a three-dimensional boiler simulation model is established in the CFD software, and the swirl moment formula is used in the boiler simulation model to calculate the swirl intensity at the outlet of the boiler furnace;
- the calculation formula of the wall temperature deviation coefficient is used to obtain the wall temperature deviation coefficient of the high temperature heating surface tube panel of the boiler;
- the swirl intensity and the wall temperature deviation coefficient are secondarily fitted by using Matlab software to obtain the prediction model of the wall temperature deviation of the boiler high temperature heating surface tube;
- the factor data and swirl intensity of the boiler to be predicted are used as the input of the prediction model, and the prediction model outputs the high temperature heating surface tube wall temperature deviation of the boiler to be predicted.
- the swirl intensity P at the outlet of the boiler furnace is represented by a swirl moment, and the swirl moment formula is:
- ⁇ is the density of the flue gas flowing through the boiler furnace
- u x is the tangential velocity of the flue gas along the x-axis in the boiler simulation model
- u z is the tangential velocity of the flue gas along the z-axis in the boiler simulation model
- ⁇ x is the distance of the measuring point of the boiler furnace in the x-axis direction
- ⁇ z is the distance of the measuring point of the boiler furnace in the z-axis direction
- ⁇ H is the unit length of the boiler furnace
- L x is the distance between the measuring point of the boiler furnace and the center of the boiler furnace.
- L z is the distance between the measuring point of the boiler furnace and the center of the boiler furnace in the z-axis direction
- n 1 is the number of measuring points in the x-axis direction
- n 2 is the z-axis direction Number of measuring points.
- the calculation formula of the wall temperature deviation coefficient is:
- Tave is the average value of the outer wall temperature of the N temperature calculation points of the boiler high temperature heating surface tube panel
- T i is the outer wall temperature of the ith temperature calculation point of the boiler high temperature heating surface tube panel
- N is the number of temperature calculation points
- M T is the wall temperature deviation coefficient of the high temperature heating surface tube panel of the boiler.
- the calculation before adopting the calculation formula of the wall temperature deviation coefficient in the boiler simulation model, the calculation further includes: calculating the outer wall temperature of the tube panel of the high temperature heating surface of the boiler by adopting the outer wall temperature calculation formula, and the outer wall temperature calculation formula is:
- t f is the temperature of the working medium in the boiler furnace at the temperature calculation point
- J n is the heat flow coefficient of the inner wall of the boiler furnace
- ⁇ is the ratio of the outer diameter to the inner diameter of the boiler furnace
- q w is the boiler furnace temperature
- ⁇ 2 is the heat transfer coefficient between the inner wall of the pipe and the working fluid at the calculation point of the boiler furnace temperature
- ⁇ is the thickness of the boiler furnace pipe wall
- ⁇ is the metal thermal conductivity of the boiler furnace pipe wall
- T is the outer wall temperature at the calculation point of the temperature of the tube panel on the high temperature heating surface of the boiler.
- the calculation before adopting the calculation formula of the wall temperature deviation coefficient in the boiler simulation model, the calculation further includes: obtaining a temperature calculation point of the boiler furnace pipe.
- the invention also provides a device for predicting the temperature deviation of the wall of the high temperature heating surface tube of the boiler, which is applied to the combustion system of the coal-fired generating set, and includes a data acquisition module, a first calculation module, a second calculation module, a prediction model module and an output module ;
- the data acquisition module is used to acquire the operation data of the combustion system of the coal-fired generating set, and select data from the operation data that affects the temperature deviation of the wall of the boiler's high-temperature heating surface tube, and record it as factor data;
- the first calculation module is used to establish a three-dimensional boiler simulation model in CFD software according to the factor data and the boiler structure, and use the swirl moment formula to calculate the swirl flow at the boiler furnace outlet in the boiler simulation model. strength;
- the second calculation module is used to calculate the wall temperature deviation coefficient calculation formula in the boiler simulation model to obtain the wall temperature deviation coefficient of the boiler high temperature heating surface tube panel;
- Described prediction model module is used for adopting Matlab software to carry out secondary fitting processing to described swirl intensity and described wall temperature deviation coefficient, obtains the prediction model of boiler high temperature heating surface tube screen wall temperature deviation;
- the output module is used to take the factor data and swirl intensity of the boiler to be predicted as the input of the prediction model, and the prediction model outputs the high temperature heating surface tube wall temperature deviation of the boiler to be predicted.
- the first calculation module adopts the swirl flow moment to represent the swirl flow intensity at the outlet of the boiler furnace, and the swirl flow moment formula is:
- ⁇ is the density of flue gas flowing through the boiler furnace
- u x is the tangential velocity of flue gas along the x-axis direction in the boiler simulation model
- u z is the tangential velocity of the flue gas along the z-axis direction in the boiler simulation model
- ⁇ x is the distance of the measuring point of the boiler furnace in the x-axis direction
- ⁇ z is the distance of the measuring point of the boiler furnace in the direction of the z-axis
- ⁇ H is the unit length of the boiler furnace
- L x is the distance between the measuring point of the boiler furnace and the center of the boiler furnace.
- L z is the distance between the measuring point of the boiler furnace and the center of the boiler furnace in the z-axis direction
- n 1 is the number of measuring points in the x-axis direction
- n 2 is the z-axis direction Number of measuring points.
- the calculation formula of the wall temperature deviation coefficient is:
- Tave is the average value of the outer wall temperature of the N temperature calculation points of the boiler high temperature heating surface tube panel
- T i is the outer wall temperature of the ith temperature calculation point of the boiler high temperature heating surface tube panel
- N is the number of temperature calculation points
- M T is the wall temperature deviation coefficient of the high temperature heating surface tube panel of the boiler.
- the calculation before adopting the calculation formula of the wall temperature deviation coefficient in the boiler simulation model, the calculation further includes: calculating the outer wall temperature of the tube panel of the high temperature heating surface of the boiler by using the outer wall temperature calculation formula, and the outer wall temperature
- the calculation formula is:
- t f is the temperature of the working medium in the boiler furnace at the temperature calculation point
- J n is the heat flow coefficient of the inner wall of the boiler furnace
- ⁇ is the ratio of the outer diameter to the inner diameter of the boiler furnace
- q w is the boiler furnace temperature
- ⁇ 2 is the heat transfer coefficient between the inner wall of the pipe and the working fluid at the calculation point of the boiler furnace temperature
- ⁇ is the thickness of the boiler furnace pipe wall
- ⁇ is the metal thermal conductivity of the boiler furnace pipe wall
- T is the outer wall temperature at the calculation point of the temperature of the tube panel on the high temperature heating surface of the boiler.
- the invention also provides a device for predicting the temperature deviation of the wall of the high-temperature heating surface tube of the boiler, including a processor and a memory;
- the memory for storing program codes and transmitting the program codes to the processor
- the processor is configured to execute the above-mentioned method for predicting the temperature deviation of the screen wall of the high-temperature heating surface tube of the boiler according to the instructions in the program code.
- the embodiment of the present invention has the following advantages: the method, device and equipment for predicting the wall temperature deviation of the high temperature heating surface tube of the boiler are used to obtain the factor data affecting the wall temperature deviation of the high temperature heating surface tube of the boiler; Factor data and boiler structure, establish a three-dimensional boiler simulation model in CFD software, and use the swirl moment formula in the boiler simulation model to calculate the swirl intensity at the outlet of the boiler furnace and the wall temperature deviation coefficient calculation formula to calculate the high temperature heating surface of the boiler The wall temperature deviation coefficient of the tube panel; Matlab software is used to perform quadratic fitting processing on the swirl intensity and the wall temperature deviation coefficient to obtain a prediction model; the prediction model can predict the tube panel wall temperature deviation of the high temperature heating surface of the boiler.
- the temperature deviation of the tube panel wall controls the operation of the combustion system of the coal-fired generator set, which solves the problem that when the heat absorption deviation of the existing boiler's high temperature heating surface tube panel is too large or there is sudden disturbance, the tube wall of the boiler is prone to over-temperature accidents and serious accidents. Technical issues that threaten the safe operation of power plants.
- FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the steps of the method for predicting the temperature deviation of the screen wall of the high temperature heating surface tube of the boiler according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the calculation of the swirl intensity of the method for predicting the temperature deviation of the screen wall of the high temperature heating surface tube of the boiler according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 3 is a frame diagram of the device for predicting the temperature deviation of the wall of the high temperature heating surface tube of the boiler according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- the embodiments of the present application provide a method, device and equipment for predicting the temperature deviation of the high temperature heating surface tube panel of a boiler, which solves the problem that when the heat absorption deviation of the high temperature heating surface tube panel of the existing boiler is too large or a sudden disturbance occurs, The tube wall of the boiler is prone to over-temperature accidents, which seriously threatens the technical problems of the safe operation of the power station.
- FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the steps of the method for predicting the temperature deviation of the screen wall of the high temperature heating surface tube of the boiler according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for predicting the temperature deviation of the wall of the high-temperature heating surface tube of a boiler, which is applied to the combustion system of a coal-fired generator set, including the following steps:
- the factor data can be the operating load of the boiler, the swing angle of the burner nozzle, the nozzle swing angle of the burnout air, the total air volume, the air volume ratio of the primary air, and the air volume ratio of the burnout air.
- the factor data includes a plurality of sets of data affecting the wall temperature deviation of the high temperature heating surface tubes of the boiler obtained by the combustion system of the coal-fired generator set under different operating conditions.
- the three-dimensional boiler simulation model established in CFD software mainly takes the width direction of the boiler as the x-axis direction, the height direction of the boiler as the y-axis direction, and the depth direction of the boiler as the z-axis direction, and the established boiler simulation model is in three-dimensional Cartesian coordinates
- the scale of the model built in the system is 1:1.
- the boiler simulation model established in the CFD software is divided into different grids according to the structural characteristics and the pipes of the boiler.
- connection ends of the pipes of the boiler are recorded as nodes, and the connection pipes between the nodes are abstractly recorded as sections, and then by the nodes A separate basic circuit for the boiler fluid network consisting of sections.
- the nodes in the boiler furnace pipes can be used as temperature calculation points.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the calculation of the swirl intensity of the method for predicting the temperature deviation of the screen wall of the high temperature heating surface tube of the boiler according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- step S20 of the embodiment of the present invention in the CFD software, factor data is used to simulate the boiler simulation model to obtain the speed of the boiler furnace in the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system, and then based on the detection of the boiler
- the data of the measuring points of the furnace in the three-dimensional index coordinate system can be calculated by using the swirl moment formula to obtain the swirl intensity at the outlet of the boiler furnace.
- the swirl intensity P at the outlet of the boiler furnace is represented by the swirl moment, and the swirl moment formula is:
- ⁇ is the density of flue gas flowing through the boiler furnace
- u x is the tangential velocity of flue gas along the x-axis direction in the boiler simulation model
- u z is the tangential velocity of the flue gas along the z-axis direction in the boiler simulation model
- ⁇ x is the distance of the measuring point of the boiler furnace in the x-axis direction
- ⁇ z is the distance of the measuring point of the boiler furnace in the direction of the z-axis
- ⁇ H is the unit length of the boiler furnace
- L x is the distance between the measuring point of the boiler furnace and the center of the boiler furnace.
- L z is the distance between the measuring point of the boiler furnace and the center of the boiler furnace in the z-axis direction
- n 1 is the number of measuring points in the x-axis direction
- n 2 is the z-axis direction Number of measuring points.
- the boiler simulation model is mainly obtained in the CFD software according to step S20, and after calculating the outer wall temperature of each temperature calculation point of the boiler furnace in the root boiler simulation model, the calculation formula of the wall temperature deviation coefficient is used to calculate, The wall temperature deviation coefficient of the high temperature heating surface tube panel of the boiler is obtained.
- a prediction model is mainly established in Matlab software according to the swirl intensity obtained in step S20 and the wall temperature deviation coefficient obtained in step S30.
- the prediction model can predict the wall temperature of the boiler high temperature heating surface tube panel in any working condition. deviation.
- k 0 is the coefficient of the constant term
- k 1 is the coefficient of the first term
- k 2 is the coefficient of the quadratic term
- M is the wall temperature deviation coefficient of the tube panel of the high temperature heating surface of the boiler.
- the factor data of the boiler under the conditions to be predicted are processed in steps S20 and S30 to obtain the corresponding swirl intensity and wall temperature deviation coefficient, which are input into the prediction model in step S40 to obtain the high temperature heating of the boiler to be predicted.
- Surface tube screen wall temperature deviation The operation of the combustion system of the coal-fired generator set is controlled by the temperature deviation of the tube wall of the high temperature heating surface, so as to avoid the problem that the tube wall of the existing boiler is easily overheated.
- the method for predicting the wall temperature deviation of the high temperature heating surface tube of the boiler adopts the acquisition of the factor data affecting the wall temperature deviation of the high temperature heating surface tube of the boiler; according to the factor data and the boiler structure, a three-dimensional boiler simulation is established in the CFD software.
- the swirl moment formula is used to calculate the swirl intensity at the outlet of the boiler furnace
- the wall temperature deviation coefficient calculation formula is used to calculate the wall temperature deviation coefficient of the high temperature heating surface tube panel of the boiler
- Matlab software is used to measure the swirl intensity.
- the prediction model can predict the temperature deviation of the high temperature heating surface tube wall of the boiler, and control the operation of the combustion system of the coal-fired generating set through the temperature deviation of the high temperature heating surface tube wall to solve the problem.
- step S30 before adopting the calculation formula of the wall temperature deviation coefficient in the boiler simulation model, the calculation further includes: using the outer wall temperature calculation formula to calculate the outer wall temperature of the high temperature heating surface tube panel of the boiler, and calculating the outer wall temperature.
- the formula is:
- t f is the temperature of the working medium in the boiler furnace at the temperature calculation point
- J n is the heat flow coefficient of the inner wall of the boiler furnace
- ⁇ is the ratio of the outer diameter to the inner diameter of the boiler furnace
- q w is the boiler furnace temperature
- ⁇ 2 is the heat transfer coefficient between the inner wall of the pipe and the working fluid at the calculation point of the boiler furnace temperature
- ⁇ is the thickness of the boiler furnace pipe wall
- ⁇ is the metal thermal conductivity of the boiler furnace pipe wall
- T is the outer wall temperature at the calculation point of the temperature of the tube panel on the high temperature heating surface of the boiler.
- the boiler simulation model obtained in the CFD software for working condition simulation shows that the outer wall temperature of the boiler's high-temperature heating surface tube panel is equal to the inner and outer diameters of the boiler furnace pipes, fluid temperature, heat transfer coefficient, thermal conductivity, and heat. flow coefficient, etc.
- Wall temperature deviation coefficient under simulated conditions.
- the calculation formula of the wall temperature deviation coefficient is:
- Tave is the average value of the outer wall temperature of the N temperature calculation points of the boiler high temperature heating surface tube panel
- T i is the outer wall temperature of the ith temperature calculation point of the boiler high temperature heating surface tube panel
- N is the number of temperature calculation points
- M T is the wall temperature deviation coefficient of the high temperature heating surface tube panel of the boiler.
- the temperature of the working fluid in the boiler furnace pipe at the temperature calculation point is determined by the enthalpy value of the working fluid.
- Embodiment 2 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
- FIG. 3 is a frame diagram of the device for predicting the temperature deviation of the screen wall of the high temperature heating surface tube of the boiler according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- the embodiment of the present invention also provides a device for predicting the temperature deviation of the wall of the high temperature heating surface tube of the boiler, which is applied to the combustion system of the coal-fired generating set, including a data acquisition module 10, a first calculation module 20, a first 2. a calculation module 30, a prediction model module 40 and an output module 50;
- the data acquisition module 10 is used for acquiring the operation data of the combustion system of the coal-fired generating set, and selects the data that affects the temperature deviation of the screen wall of the boiler's high temperature heating surface tube from the operation data, and is recorded as factor data;
- the first calculation module 20 is used to establish a three-dimensional boiler simulation model in CFD software according to the factor data and the boiler structure, and use the swirl moment formula to calculate the swirl intensity at the boiler furnace outlet in the boiler simulation model;
- the second calculation module 30 is used to calculate the wall temperature deviation coefficient calculation formula in the boiler simulation model to obtain the wall temperature deviation coefficient of the high temperature heating surface tube panel of the boiler;
- the prediction model module 40 is used to perform a second fitting process on the swirl intensity and the wall temperature deviation coefficient by using Matlab software, so as to obtain a prediction model of the wall temperature deviation of the high temperature heating surface tube of the boiler;
- the output module 50 is used for taking the factor data and swirl intensity of the boiler to be predicted as the input of the prediction model, and the prediction model outputs the high temperature heating surface tube wall temperature deviation of the boiler to be predicted.
- the first calculation module adopts the swirl flow moment to represent the swirl flow intensity at the outlet of the boiler furnace, and the swirl flow moment formula is:
- ⁇ is the density of flue gas flowing through the boiler furnace
- u x is the tangential velocity of flue gas along the x-axis direction in the boiler simulation model
- u z is the tangential velocity of the flue gas along the z-axis direction in the boiler simulation model
- ⁇ x is the distance of the measuring point of the boiler furnace in the x-axis direction
- ⁇ z is the distance of the measuring point of the boiler furnace in the direction of the z-axis
- ⁇ H is the unit length of the boiler furnace
- L x is the distance between the measuring point of the boiler furnace and the center of the boiler furnace.
- L z is the distance between the measuring point of the boiler furnace and the center of the boiler furnace in the z-axis direction
- n 1 is the number of measuring points in the x-axis direction
- n 2 is the z-axis direction Number of measuring points.
- the calculation formula of the wall temperature deviation coefficient is:
- Tave is the average value of the outer wall temperature of the N temperature calculation points of the boiler high temperature heating surface tube panel
- T i is the outer wall temperature of the ith temperature calculation point of the boiler high temperature heating surface tube panel
- N is the number of temperature calculation points
- M T is the wall temperature deviation coefficient of the high temperature heating surface tube panel of the boiler.
- the calculation before adopting the calculation formula of the wall temperature deviation coefficient in the boiler simulation model, the calculation further includes: calculating the outer wall temperature of the high temperature heating surface tube panel of the boiler by using the outer wall temperature calculation formula, and calculating the outer wall temperature.
- the formula is:
- t f is the temperature of the working medium in the boiler furnace at the temperature calculation point
- J n is the heat flow coefficient of the inner wall of the boiler furnace
- ⁇ is the ratio of the outer diameter to the inner diameter of the boiler furnace
- q w is the boiler furnace temperature
- ⁇ 2 is the heat transfer coefficient between the inner wall of the pipe and the working fluid at the calculation point of the boiler furnace temperature
- ⁇ is the thickness of the boiler furnace pipe wall
- ⁇ is the metal thermal conductivity of the boiler furnace pipe wall
- T is the outer wall temperature at the calculation point of the temperature of the tube panel on the high temperature heating surface of the boiler.
- modules in the apparatus in the second embodiment correspond to the steps in the method in the first embodiment.
- the steps in the method in the first embodiment have been described in detail in the first embodiment, and are not repeated in the second embodiment.
- the module content in the device is explained in detail.
- the embodiment of the present invention provides a device for predicting the temperature deviation of the screen wall of a high-temperature heating surface tube of a boiler, including a processor and a memory;
- a memory for storing program code and transmitting the program code to the processor
- the processor is configured to execute the above-mentioned method for predicting the temperature deviation of the screen wall of the high temperature heating surface tube of the boiler according to the instructions in the program code.
- the processor is configured to execute the steps in the above-mentioned embodiment of the method for predicting the wall temperature deviation of the high temperature heating surface tube of the boiler according to the instructions in the program code.
- the processor executes the computer program, the functions of each module/unit in the above-mentioned system/device embodiments are implemented.
- a computer program may be divided into one or more modules/units, and the one or more modules/units are stored in a memory and executed by a processor to complete the present application.
- One or more modules/units may be a series of computer program instruction segments capable of performing specific functions, and the instruction segments are used to describe the execution process of the computer program in the terminal device.
- the terminal device may be a computing device such as a desktop computer, a notebook, a palmtop computer, and a cloud server.
- the terminal device may include, but is not limited to, a processor and a memory. Those skilled in the art can understand that it does not constitute a limitation on the terminal device, and may include more or less components than the one shown, or combine some components, or different components, for example, the terminal device may also include input and output devices, Network access equipment, bus, etc.
- the so-called processor can be a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), application specific integrated circuits (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), off-the-shelf processors. Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc.
- a general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.
- the memory may be an internal storage unit of the terminal device, such as a hard disk or memory of the terminal device.
- the memory can also be an external storage device of the terminal device, such as a plug-in hard disk equipped on the terminal device, a smart memory card (Smart Media Card, SMC), a secure digital (Secure Digital, SD) card, a flash memory card (Flash Card), etc.
- the memory may also include both an internal storage unit of the terminal device and an external storage device.
- the memory is used to store computer programs and other programs and data required by the terminal device.
- the memory may also be used to temporarily store data that has been or will be output.
- the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners.
- the apparatus embodiments described above are only illustrative.
- the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.
- multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored, or not implemented.
- the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
- the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution in this embodiment.
- each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically alone, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
- the above-mentioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware, or may be implemented in the form of software functional units.
- the integrated unit if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
- the technical solution of the present invention is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium , including several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention.
- the aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, Read-Only Memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), Random Access Memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes .
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Abstract
一种锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的预测方法、装置及设备，该方法包括：获取影响锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的因素数据；根据因素数据和锅炉结构，在CFD软件中建立三维的锅炉仿真模型，并在锅炉仿真模型中采用旋流动量矩公式计算锅炉炉膛出口的旋流强度和采用壁温偏差系数计算公式计算锅炉高温受热面管屏的壁温偏差系数；对旋流强度和壁温偏差系数进行二次拟合处理，得到预测模型。通过预测模型能够预测锅炉的高温受热面管屏壁温偏差，通过高温受热面管屏壁温偏差控制燃煤发电机组燃烧系统运行，解决了现有锅炉的高温受热面管屏在吸热偏差过大或者出现突发性扰动时，锅炉的管壁容易超温的问题。
Description
本申请要求于2021年03月25日提交中国专利局、申请号为202110321457.2、发明名称为“锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的预测方法、装置及设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
本发明涉及火力发电技术领域，尤其涉及一种锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的预测方法、装置及设备。
随着我国电力行业的高速发展，火力发电的建设一直朝着大容量、高参数的方向发展，在火力发电中大批量投入了超临界和超超临界发电机组。火力发电中发电设备包括电站的锅炉，电站的锅炉应用最多的是四角切圆燃煤锅炉。四角切圆燃煤锅炉在工作时，布置在锅炉四角的煤粉气流以一定的偏转角度喷入炉内，形成旋转气流，呈螺旋状上升，烟气残余涡流带走锅炉产生的热能，从而影响火力发电中热能转化电能的效率，导致资料的浪费。
目前发现锅炉中烟气的切向旋转，导致烟气速度、温度等参数在同级锅炉的受热管屏沿炉膛宽度和高度方向不相等，锅炉的高温受热面管屏长期暴露在高温高速度的烟气氛围中，即使锅炉的高温受热面管屏采用耐高温材料，当锅炉在工作时，其高温受热面管屏的吸热偏差过大或者出现突发性扰动时，容易发生锅炉的管壁超温，缩短其寿命，产生超温爆管事故，严重威胁电站的安全运行，因此在采用锅炉产生热能实现火力发电过程中，研究锅炉高温受热面管屏的吸热偏差的分布规律极其重要。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供了一种锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的预测方法、装置及设备，用于解决现有锅炉的高温受热面管屏在吸热偏差过大或者出 现突发性扰动时，锅炉的管壁容易超温发生事故，严重威胁电站的安全运行的技术问题。
为了实现上述目的，本发明实施例提供如下技术方案：
一种锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的预测方法，应用在燃煤发电机组燃烧系统上，包括以下步骤：
获取燃煤发电机组燃烧系统的运行数据，并从所述运行数据中选取影响锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的数据，记为因素数据；
根据所述因素数据和锅炉结构，在CFD软件中建立三维的锅炉仿真模型，并在所述锅炉仿真模型中采用旋流动量矩公式计算锅炉炉膛出口的旋流强度；
在所述锅炉仿真模型中采用壁温偏差系数计算公式计算，得到锅炉高温受热面管屏的壁温偏差系数；
采用Matlab软件对所述旋流强度和所述壁温偏差系数进行二次拟合处理，得到锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的预测模型；
将待预测锅炉的因素数据和旋流强度作为所述预测模型的输入，所述预测模型输出待预测锅炉的高温受热面管屏壁温偏差。
优选地，所述锅炉炉膛出口的旋流强度P采用旋流动量矩表示，所述旋流动量矩公式为：
式中，ρ为流过锅炉炉膛的烟气密度，u
x为烟气在锅炉仿真模型中沿x轴方向的切线速度，u
z为烟气在锅炉仿真模型中沿z轴方向的切线速度，Δx为锅炉炉膛测点在x轴方向上的距离，Δz为锅炉炉膛测点在z轴方向上的距离，ΔH为锅炉炉膛的单位长度，L
x为锅炉炉膛测点与锅炉炉膛中心之间在x轴方向上的间距，L
z为锅炉炉膛测点与锅炉炉膛中心之间在z轴方向上的间距，n
1为在x轴方向上的测点数目，n
2为在z轴方向上的测点数目。
优选地，所述壁温偏差系数计算公式为：
式中，T
ave为锅炉高温受热面管屏N个温度计算点外壁温度的平均值，T
i为锅炉高温受热面管屏第i个温度计算点的外壁温度，N为温度计算点的数目，M
T为锅炉高温受热面管屏的壁温偏差系数。
优选地，在所述锅炉仿真模型中采用壁温偏差系数计算公式计算之前还包括：采用外壁温度计算公式计算锅炉高温受热面管屏的外壁温度，所述外壁温度计算公式为：
式中，t
f为温度计算点在锅炉炉膛内工质的温度，J
n为锅炉炉膛内管道内壁热量均流系数，β为锅炉炉膛内管道外径与内径的比值，q
w为锅炉炉膛温度计算点处外壁热流密度，α
2为锅炉炉膛温度计算点处管道内壁与工质的换热系数，
为锅炉炉膛管道沿厚度方向上的平均热量均流系数，δ为锅炉炉膛管道壁的厚度，λ为锅炉炉膛管道壁金属导热系数，T为锅炉高温受热面管屏温度计算点处的外壁温度。
优选地，在所述锅炉仿真模型中采用壁温偏差系数计算公式计算之前还包括：获取锅炉炉膛管道的温度计算点。
本发明还提供一种锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的预测装置，应用在燃煤发电机组燃烧系统上，包括数据获取模块、第一计算模块、第二计算模块、预测模型模块和输出模块；
所述数据获取模块，用于获取燃煤发电机组燃烧系统的运行数据，并从所述运行数据中选取影响锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的数据，记为因素数据；
所述第一计算模块，用于根据所述因素数据和锅炉结构，在CFD软件中建立三维的锅炉仿真模型，并在所述锅炉仿真模型中采用旋流动量矩公式计算锅炉炉膛出口的旋流强度；
所述第二计算模块，用于在所述锅炉仿真模型中采用壁温偏差系数计算公式计算，得到锅炉高温受热面管屏的壁温偏差系数；
所述预测模型模块，用于采用Matlab软件对所述旋流强度和所述壁温偏差系数进行二次拟合处理，得到锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的预测模 型；
所述输出模块，用于将待预测锅炉的因素数据和旋流强度作为所述预测模型的输入，所述预测模型输出待预测锅炉的高温受热面管屏壁温偏差。
优选地，所述第一计算模块采用旋流动量矩表示所述锅炉炉膛出口的旋流强度，所述旋流动量矩公式为：
式中，ρ为流过锅炉炉膛的烟气密度，u
x为烟气在锅炉仿真模型中沿x轴方向的切线速度，u
z为烟气在锅炉仿真模型中沿z轴方向的切线速度，Δx为锅炉炉膛测点在x轴方向上的距离，Δz为锅炉炉膛测点在z轴方向上的距离，ΔH为锅炉炉膛的单位长度，L
x为锅炉炉膛测点与锅炉炉膛中心之间在x轴方向上的间距，L
z为锅炉炉膛测点与锅炉炉膛中心之间在z轴方向上的间距，n
1为在x轴方向上的测点数目，n
2为在z轴方向上的测点数目。
优选地，在所述第二计算模块中，所述壁温偏差系数计算公式为：
式中，T
ave为锅炉高温受热面管屏N个温度计算点外壁温度的平均值，T
i为锅炉高温受热面管屏第i个温度计算点的外壁温度，N为温度计算点的数目，M
T为锅炉高温受热面管屏的壁温偏差系数。
优选地，在所述第二计算模块中，所述锅炉仿真模型中采用壁温偏差系数计算公式计算之前还包括：采用外壁温度计算公式计算锅炉高温受热面管屏的外壁温度，所述外壁温度计算公式为：
式中，t
f为温度计算点在锅炉炉膛内工质的温度，J
n为锅炉炉膛内管道内壁热量均流系数，β为锅炉炉膛内管道外径与内径的比值，q
w为锅炉炉膛温度计算点处外壁热流密度，α
2为锅炉炉膛温度计算点处管道内壁与工质的换热系数，
为锅炉炉膛管道沿厚度方向上的平均热量均流系数，δ为锅炉炉膛管道壁的厚度，λ为锅炉炉膛管道壁金属导热系数，T为锅炉高 温受热面管屏温度计算点处的外壁温度。
本发明还提供一种锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的预测设备，包括处理器以及存储器；
所述存储器，用于存储程序代码，并将所述程序代码传输给所述处理器；
所述处理器，用于根据所述程序代码中的指令执行上述所述的锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的预测方法。
从以上技术方案可以看出，本发明实施例具有以下优点：该锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的预测方法、装置及设备采用获取影响锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的因素数据；根据因素数据和锅炉结构，在CFD软件中建立三维的锅炉仿真模型，并在锅炉仿真模型中采用旋流动量矩公式计算锅炉炉膛出口的旋流强度和采用壁温偏差系数计算公式计算锅炉高温受热面管屏的壁温偏差系数；采用Matlab软件对旋流强度和壁温偏差系数进行二次拟合处理，得到预测模型；预测模型能够预测锅炉的高温受热面管屏壁温偏差，通过高温受热面管屏壁温偏差控制燃煤发电机组燃烧系统运行，解决了现有锅炉的高温受热面管屏在吸热偏差过大或者出现突发性扰动时，锅炉的管壁容易超温发生事故，严重威胁电站的安全运行的技术问题。
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。
图1为本发明实施例所述的锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的预测方法的步骤流程图。
图2为本发明实施例所述的锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的预测方法的旋流强度计算示意图。
图3为本发明实施例所述的锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的预测装置 的框架图。
为使得本发明的发明目的、特征、优点能够更加的明显和易懂，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，下面所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而非全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本申请实施例提供了一种锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的预测方法、装置及设备，解决了现有锅炉的高温受热面管屏在吸热偏差过大或者出现突发性扰动时，锅炉的管壁容易超温发生事故，严重威胁电站的安全运行的技术问题。
实施例一：
图1为本发明实施例所述的锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的预测方法的步骤流程图。
如图1所示，本发明实施例提供了一种锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的预测方法，应用在燃煤发电机组燃烧系统上，包括以下步骤：
S10.获取燃煤发电机组燃烧系统的运行数据，并从运行数据中选取影响锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的数据，记为因素数据。
需要说明的是，根据燃煤发电机组燃烧系统运行的运行数据中筛选出影响锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的数据。其中，因素数据可以为锅炉的运行负荷、燃烧器喷口摆角、燃尽风的喷口摆角、总风量、一次风风量比、燃尽风的风量比等。在本实施例中，因素数据包括燃煤发电机组燃烧系统在不同运行工况下得到多组影响锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的数据。
S20.根据因素数据和锅炉结构，在CFD软件中建立三维的锅炉仿真模型，并在锅炉仿真模型中采用旋流动量矩公式计算锅炉炉膛出口的旋流强度。
需要说明的是，根据锅炉的结构以及不同工况下的影响锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的因素数据在CFD软件中还原锅炉燃烧的三维流场和温 度场。在CFD软件中建立三维的锅炉仿真模型主要是以锅炉的宽度方向为x轴方向、锅炉的高度方向为y轴方向、锅炉的深度方向为z轴方向，且建立的锅炉仿真模型在三维直角坐标系内搭建的模型比例是1:1。其中，在CFD软件中建立的锅炉仿真模型根据结构特性以及锅炉的管道划分不同网格，如锅炉的管道的连接端记为节点，节点之间的连接管被抽象记为区段，再由节点和区段组成的锅炉流体网络的独立基本回路。在本实施例中，在锅炉炉膛管道中的节点可以作为温度计算点。
图2为本发明实施例所述的锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的预测方法的旋流强度计算示意图。
如图1和图2所示，在本发明实施例的步骤S20中，在CFD软件中，采用因素数据对锅炉仿真模型进行模拟，得到锅炉炉膛在三维直角坐标系中的速度，再基于检测锅炉炉膛的测点在三维指标坐标系中的数据，之后采用旋流动量矩公式计算能够得到锅炉炉膛出口的旋流强度。
需要说明的是，在本实施例中，锅炉炉膛出口的旋流强度P采用旋流动量矩表示，旋流动量矩公式为：
式中，ρ为流过锅炉炉膛的烟气密度，u
x为烟气在锅炉仿真模型中沿x轴方向的切线速度，u
z为烟气在锅炉仿真模型中沿z轴方向的切线速度，Δx为锅炉炉膛测点在x轴方向上的距离，Δz为锅炉炉膛测点在z轴方向上的距离，ΔH为锅炉炉膛的单位长度，L
x为锅炉炉膛测点与锅炉炉膛中心之间在x轴方向上的间距，L
z为锅炉炉膛测点与锅炉炉膛中心之间在z轴方向上的间距，n
1为在x轴方向上的测点数目，n
2为在z轴方向上的测点数目。
S30.在锅炉仿真模型中采用壁温偏差系数计算公式计算，得到锅炉高温受热面管屏的壁温偏差系数。
需要说明的是，主要是根据步骤S20在CFD软件中得到锅炉仿真模型，并在根锅炉仿真模型中计算得到锅炉炉膛每个温度计算点的外壁温度后，再采用壁温偏差系数计算公式计算，得到锅炉高温受热面管屏的壁温偏差系数。
S40.采用Matlab软件对旋流强度和壁温偏差系数进行二次拟合处理，得到锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的预测模型。
需要说明的是，主要是在Matlab软件根据步骤S20得到的旋流强度和步骤S30得到的壁温偏差系数建立预测模型，该预测模型能够实现预测任意工况中锅炉高温受热面管屏的壁温偏差。在本实施例中，在Matlab软件对旋流强度和壁温偏差系数进行二次拟合处理，得到预测模型的表达式为M
T＝k
2P
2+k
1P+k
0。k
0为常数项系数，k
1为一次项系数，k
2为二次项系数，M为锅炉高温受热面管屏的壁温偏差系数。
S50.将待预测锅炉的因素数据和旋流强度作为预测模型的输入，预测模型输出待预测锅炉的高温受热面管屏壁温偏差。
需要说明的是，待预测工况锅炉的因素数据经过步骤S20和步骤S30处理后得到对应的旋流强度和壁温偏差系数，输入到步骤S40的预测模型中，能够得到待预测锅炉的高温受热面管屏壁温偏差。通过高温受热面管屏壁温偏差控制燃煤发电机组燃烧系统运行，避免现有锅炉的管壁容易超温的问题。
本发明提供的一种锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的预测方法采用获取影响锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的因素数据；根据因素数据和锅炉结构，在CFD软件中建立三维的锅炉仿真模型，并在锅炉仿真模型中采用旋流动量矩公式计算锅炉炉膛出口的旋流强度和采用壁温偏差系数计算公式计算锅炉高温受热面管屏的壁温偏差系数；采用Matlab软件对旋流强度和壁温偏差系数进行二次拟合处理，得到预测模型；预测模型能够预测锅炉的高温受热面管屏壁温偏差，通过高温受热面管屏壁温偏差控制燃煤发电机组燃烧系统运行，解决了现有锅炉的高温受热面管屏在吸热偏差过大或者出现突发性扰动时，锅炉的管壁容易超温发生事故，严重威胁电站的安全运行的技术问题。
在本发明的一个实施例中，在步骤S30中，在锅炉仿真模型中采用壁温偏差系数计算公式计算之前还包括：采用外壁温度计算公式计算锅炉高温受热面管屏的外壁温度，外壁温度计算公式为：
式中，t
f为温度计算点在锅炉炉膛内工质的温度，J
n为锅炉炉膛内管道内壁热量均流系数，β为锅炉炉膛内管道外径与内径的比值，q
w为锅炉炉膛温度计算点处外壁热流密度，α
2为锅炉炉膛温度计算点处管道内壁与工质的换热系数，
为锅炉炉膛管道沿厚度方向上的平均热量均流系数，δ为锅炉炉膛管道壁的厚度，λ为锅炉炉膛管道壁金属导热系数，T为锅炉高温受热面管屏温度计算点处的外壁温度。
需要说明的是，在CFD软件中得到锅炉仿真模型进行工况模拟可知，锅炉高温受热面管屏的外壁温度与锅炉炉膛管道的内径和外径、流体温度、传热系数、导热系数、热量均流系数等有关。在本实施例中，首先根据外壁温度计算公式计算锅炉炉膛管道内容每个温度计算点的外壁温度，之后再基于每个温度计算点的外壁温度采用壁温偏差系数计算公式，得到与该工况模拟条件下的壁温偏差系数。其中，壁温偏差系数计算公式为：
式中，T
ave为锅炉高温受热面管屏N个温度计算点外壁温度的平均值，T
i为锅炉高温受热面管屏第i个温度计算点的外壁温度，N为温度计算点的数目，M
T为锅炉高温受热面管屏的壁温偏差系数。
在本实施例中，在CFD软件中锅炉仿真模型的流体网络中，温度计算点处锅炉炉膛管道内工质的温度是通过工质焓值确定的。在热量平衡中，温度计算点处锅炉炉膛管道内工质焓值确定的表达式为：h
j(i,j,k)＝h′(i,j,k)+Δh(i,j,k)，式中，h′(i,j,k)为温度计算点处锅炉炉膛管道井口工质焓值，Δh(i,j,k)为温度计算点处锅炉炉膛管道内工质焓增。
实施例二：
图3为本发明实施例所述的锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的预测装置的框架图。
如图3所示，本发明实施例还提供一种锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的预测装置，应用在燃煤发电机组燃烧系统上，包括数据获取模块10、第一计算模块20、第二计算模块30、预测模型模块40和和输出模块50；
数据获取模块10，用于获取燃煤发电机组燃烧系统的运行数据，并从 运行数据中选取影响锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的数据，记为因素数据；
第一计算模块20，用于根据因素数据和锅炉结构，在CFD软件中建立三维的锅炉仿真模型，并在锅炉仿真模型中采用旋流动量矩公式计算锅炉炉膛出口的旋流强度；
第二计算模块30，用于在锅炉仿真模型中采用壁温偏差系数计算公式计算，得到锅炉高温受热面管屏的壁温偏差系数；
预测模型模块40，用于采用Matlab软件对旋流强度和壁温偏差系数进行二次拟合处理，得到锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的预测模型；
输出模块50，用于将待预测锅炉的因素数据和旋流强度作为预测模型的输入，预测模型输出待预测锅炉的高温受热面管屏壁温偏差。
在本发明的实施例中，第一计算模块采用旋流动量矩表示锅炉炉膛出口的旋流强度，旋流动量矩公式为：
式中，ρ为流过锅炉炉膛的烟气密度，u
x为烟气在锅炉仿真模型中沿x轴方向的切线速度，u
z为烟气在锅炉仿真模型中沿z轴方向的切线速度，Δx为锅炉炉膛测点在x轴方向上的距离，Δz为锅炉炉膛测点在z轴方向上的距离，ΔH为锅炉炉膛的单位长度，L
x为锅炉炉膛测点与锅炉炉膛中心之间在x轴方向上的间距，L
z为锅炉炉膛测点与锅炉炉膛中心之间在z轴方向上的间距，n
1为在x轴方向上的测点数目，n
2为在z轴方向上的测点数目。
在本发明的实施例中，在第二计算模块中，壁温偏差系数计算公式为：
式中，T
ave为锅炉高温受热面管屏N个温度计算点外壁温度的平均值，T
i为锅炉高温受热面管屏第i个温度计算点的外壁温度，N为温度计算点的数目，M
T为锅炉高温受热面管屏的壁温偏差系数。
在本发明的实施例中，在第二计算模块中，锅炉仿真模型中采用壁温偏差系数计算公式计算之前还包括：采用外壁温度计算公式计算锅炉高温受热面管屏的外壁温度，外壁温度计算公式为：
式中，t
f为温度计算点在锅炉炉膛内工质的温度，J
n为锅炉炉膛内管道内壁热量均流系数，β为锅炉炉膛内管道外径与内径的比值，q
w为锅炉炉膛温度计算点处外壁热流密度，α
2为锅炉炉膛温度计算点处管道内壁与工质的换热系数，
为锅炉炉膛管道沿厚度方向上的平均热量均流系数，δ为锅炉炉膛管道壁的厚度，λ为锅炉炉膛管道壁金属导热系数，T为锅炉高温受热面管屏温度计算点处的外壁温度。
需要说明的是，实施例二装置中的模块对应于实施例一方法中的步骤内容，实施例一方法中的步骤内容已在实施例一中详细阐述了，在此实施例二中不再对装置中的模块内容进行详细阐述。
实施例三：
本发明实施例提供了一种锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的预测设备，包括处理器以及存储器；
存储器，用于存储程序代码，并将程序代码传输给处理器；
处理器，用于根据程序代码中的指令执行上述的锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的预测方法。
需要说明的是，处理器用于根据所程序代码中的指令执行上述的一种锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的预测方法实施例中的步骤。或者，处理器执行计算机程序时实现上述各系统/装置实施例中各模块/单元的功能。
示例性的，计算机程序可以被分割成一个或多个模块/单元，一个或者多个模块/单元被存储在存储器中，并由处理器执行，以完成本申请。一个或多个模块/单元可以是能够完成特定功能的一系列计算机程序指令段，该指令段用于描述计算机程序在终端设备中的执行过程。
终端设备可以是桌上型计算机、笔记本、掌上电脑及云端服务器等计算设备。终端设备可包括，但不仅限于，处理器、存储器。本领域技术人员可以理解，并不构成对终端设备的限定，可以包括比图示更多或更少的部件，或者组合某些部件，或者不同的部件，例如终端设备还可以包括输入输出设备、网络接入设备、总线等。
所称处理器可以是中央处理单元(Central Processing Unit，CPU)，还可以是其他通用处理器、数字信号处理器(Digital Signal Processor，DSP)、专用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(Field-Programmable Gate Array，FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件等。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。
存储器可以是终端设备的内部存储单元，例如终端设备的硬盘或内存。存储器也可以是终端设备的外部存储设备，例如终端设备上配备的插接式硬盘，智能存储卡(Smart Media Card，SMC)，安全数字(Secure Digital，SD)卡，闪存卡(Flash Card)等。进一步地，存储器还可以既包括终端设备的内部存储单元也包括外部存储设备。存储器用于存储计算机程序以及终端设备所需的其他程序和数据。存储器还可以用于暂时地存储已经输出或者将要输出的数据。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统，装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统，装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本发明各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在 一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
所述集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本发明的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本发明各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM，Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM，Random Access Memory)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。
Claims (10)
- 一种锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的预测方法，应用在燃煤发电机组燃烧系统上，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：获取燃煤发电机组燃烧系统的运行数据，并从所述运行数据中选取影响锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的数据，记为因素数据；根据所述因素数据和锅炉结构，在CFD软件中建立三维的锅炉仿真模型，并在所述锅炉仿真模型中采用旋流动量矩公式计算锅炉炉膛出口的旋流强度；在所述锅炉仿真模型中采用壁温偏差系数计算公式计算，得到锅炉高温受热面管屏的壁温偏差系数；对所述旋流强度和所述壁温偏差系数进行二次拟合处理，得到锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的预测模型；将待预测锅炉的因素数据和旋流强度作为所述预测模型的输入，所述预测模型输出待预测锅炉的高温受热面管屏壁温偏差。
- 根据权利要求1所述的锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的预测方法，其特征在于，所述锅炉炉膛出口的旋流强度P采用旋流动量矩表示，所述旋流动量矩公式为：
式中，ρ为流过锅炉炉膛的烟气密度，u x为烟气在锅炉仿真模型中沿x轴方向的切线速度，u z为烟气在锅炉仿真模型中沿z轴方向的切线速度，Δx为锅炉炉膛测点在x轴方向上的距离，Δz为锅炉炉膛测点在z轴方向上的距离，ΔH为锅炉炉膛的单位长度，L x为锅炉炉膛测点与锅炉炉膛中心之间在x轴方向上的间距，L z为锅炉炉膛测点与锅炉炉膛中心之间在z轴方向上的间距，n 1为在x轴方向上的测点数目，n 2为在z轴方向上的测点数目。 - 根据权利要求1所述的锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的预测方法，其特征在于，所述壁温偏差系数计算公式为：
式中，T ave为锅炉高温受热面管屏N个温度计算点外壁温度的平均值，T i为锅炉高温受热面管屏第i个温度计算点的外壁温度，N为温度计算点的数目，M T为锅炉高温受热面管屏的壁温偏差系数。 - 根据权利要求3所述的锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的预测方法，其特征在于，在所述锅炉仿真模型中采用壁温偏差系数计算公式计算之前还包括：采用外壁温度计算公式计算锅炉高温受热面管屏的外壁温度，所述外壁温度计算公式为：
式中，t f为温度计算点在锅炉炉膛内工质的温度，J n为锅炉炉膛内管道内壁热量均流系数，β为锅炉炉膛内管道外径与内径的比值，q w为锅炉炉膛温度计算点处外壁热流密度，α 2为锅炉炉膛温度计算点处管道内壁与工质的换热系数，为锅炉炉膛管道沿厚度方向上的平均热量均流系数，δ为锅炉炉膛管道壁的厚度，λ为锅炉炉膛管道壁金属导热系数，T为锅炉高温受热面管屏温度计算点处的外壁温度。
- 根据权利要求3所述的锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的预测方法，其特征在于，在所述锅炉仿真模型中采用壁温偏差系数计算公式计算之前还包括：获取锅炉炉膛管道的温度计算点。
- 一种锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的预测装置，应用在燃煤发电机组燃烧系统上，其特征在于，包括数据获取模块、第一计算模块、第二计算模块、预测模型模块和输出模块；所述数据获取模块，用于获取燃煤发电机组燃烧系统的运行数据，并从所述运行数据中选取影响锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的数据，记为因素数据；所述第一计算模块，用于根据所述因素数据和锅炉结构，在CFD软件中建立三维的锅炉仿真模型，并在所述锅炉仿真模型中采用旋流动量矩公式计算锅炉炉膛出口的旋流强度；所述第二计算模块，用于在所述锅炉仿真模型中采用壁温偏差系数计算公式计算，得到锅炉高温受热面管屏的壁温偏差系数；所述预测模型模块，用于对所述旋流强度和所述壁温偏差系数进行二次拟合处理，得到锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的预测模型；所述输出模块，用于将待预测锅炉的因素数据和旋流强度作为所述预测模型的输入，所述预测模型输出待预测锅炉的高温受热面管屏壁温偏差。
- 根据权利要求6所述的锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的预测装置，其特征在于，所述第一计算模块采用旋流动量矩表示所述锅炉炉膛出口的旋流强度，所述旋流动量矩公式为：
式中，ρ为流过锅炉炉膛的烟气密度，u x为烟气在锅炉仿真模型中沿x轴方向的切线速度，u z为烟气在锅炉仿真模型中沿z轴方向的切线速度，Δx为锅炉炉膛测点在x轴方向上的距离，Δz为锅炉炉膛测点在z轴方向上的距离，ΔH为锅炉炉膛的单位长度，L x为锅炉炉膛测点与锅炉炉膛中心之间在x轴方向上的间距，L z为锅炉炉膛测点与锅炉炉膛中心之间在z轴方向上的间距，n 1为在x轴方向上的测点数目，n 2为在z轴方向上的测点数目。 - 根据权利要求6所述的锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的预测装置，其特征在于，在所述第二计算模块中，所述壁温偏差系数计算公式为：
式中，T ave为锅炉高温受热面管屏N个温度计算点外壁温度的平均值，T i为锅炉高温受热面管屏第i个温度计算点的外壁温度，N为温度计算点的数目，M T为锅炉高温受热面管屏的壁温偏差系数。 - 根据权利要求6所述的锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的预测装置，其特征在于，在所述第二计算模块中，所述锅炉仿真模型中采用壁温偏差系数计算公式计算之前还包括：采用外壁温度计算公式计算锅炉高温受热面管屏的外壁温度，所述外壁温度计算公式为：
式中，t f为温度计算点在锅炉炉膛内工质的温度，J n为锅炉炉膛内管道内壁热量均流系数，β为锅炉炉膛内管道外径与内径的比值，q w为锅炉炉膛温度计算点处外壁热流密度，α 2为锅炉炉膛温度计算点处管道内壁与工质的换热系数，为锅炉炉膛管道沿厚度方向上的平均热量均流系数，δ为锅炉炉膛管道壁的厚度，λ为锅炉炉膛管道壁金属导热系数，T为锅炉高温受热面管屏温度计算点处的外壁温度。
- 一种锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的预测设备，其特征在于，包括处理器以及存储器；所述存储器，用于存储程序代码，并将所述程序代码传输给所述处理器；所述处理器，用于根据所述程序代码中的指令执行如权利要求1-5任意一项所述的锅炉高温受热面管屏壁温偏差的预测方法。
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