WO2022196513A1 - Driving system - Google Patents

Driving system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022196513A1
WO2022196513A1 PCT/JP2022/010539 JP2022010539W WO2022196513A1 WO 2022196513 A1 WO2022196513 A1 WO 2022196513A1 JP 2022010539 W JP2022010539 W JP 2022010539W WO 2022196513 A1 WO2022196513 A1 WO 2022196513A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
drive system
secondary battery
wheel drive
control device
connection control
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2022/010539
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
拓也 樋口
Original Assignee
いすゞ自動車株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by いすゞ自動車株式会社 filed Critical いすゞ自動車株式会社
Publication of WO2022196513A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022196513A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L9/00—Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle
    • B60L9/16—Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle using ac induction motors
    • B60L9/18—Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle using ac induction motors fed from dc supply lines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a drive system that controls connection between a secondary battery and a drive system.
  • An electric vehicle that includes two secondary batteries, a front-wheel drive system, and a rear-wheel drive system.
  • the first secondary battery of the two secondary batteries is connected to the front wheel drive system
  • the second secondary battery is connected to the rear wheel drive system
  • one of the secondary batteries is connected to the drive system.
  • a technology is disclosed in which, when an abnormality occurs, the vehicle runs only on the normal drive system.
  • the regenerative electric power generated during deceleration and the driving electric power consumed during acceleration differ between the front-wheel drive system and the rear-wheel drive system.
  • a load is likely to be applied to the front wheels, so a large amount of regenerative electric power is generated in the front wheel drive system.
  • the first secondary battery may not be able to collect all the regenerated electric power.
  • the power consumed by the rear wheel drive system increases, and there is a risk that the second secondary battery connected to the rear wheel drive system will be completely discharged.
  • the present invention has been made in view of these points, and it is an object of the present invention to appropriately connect two secondary batteries and two drive systems according to driving conditions.
  • a drive system for driving an electric vehicle comprising a front wheel drive system including a first motor, a rear wheel drive system including a second motor different from the first motor, and a first secondary battery. and a second secondary battery having a battery capacity smaller than that of the first secondary battery, and when the electric vehicle is decelerating, the first secondary battery, the front wheel drive system and the rear wheel drive system.
  • a drive system having a larger regenerative electric power of the motor is connected, and when the electric vehicle is accelerated, the drive power of the first secondary battery, the motor of the front wheel drive system and the rear wheel drive system is large. and a connection control device for connecting one drive system.
  • the connection control device connects the first secondary battery and the front wheel drive system during deceleration, connects the second secondary battery and the rear wheel drive system, and connects the second secondary battery and the rear wheel drive system during acceleration.
  • the first secondary battery and the rear wheel drive system may be connected, and the second secondary battery and the front wheel drive system may be connected.
  • the connection control device obtains the weight of the electric vehicle, and if the weight is equal to or greater than a first threshold and is less than a second threshold that is larger than the first threshold, the first secondary battery during deceleration. and the front wheel drive system, and during the acceleration, the first secondary battery and the rear wheel drive system may be connected.
  • the connection control device When the weight is equal to or less than the first threshold, the connection control device connects the first secondary battery and the front wheel drive system both during deceleration and during acceleration, and connects the second secondary battery to the front wheel drive system.
  • a battery may be connected to the rear wheel drive system.
  • connection control device When the weight is equal to or greater than the second threshold, the connection control device connects the first secondary battery and the rear wheel drive system both during deceleration and during acceleration, and connects the second secondary battery and the rear wheel drive system.
  • a secondary battery may be connected to the front wheel drive system.
  • connection control device connects the secondary battery determined to be normal and the drive system with the larger regenerative power during the deceleration, During the acceleration, the secondary battery determined to be normal may be connected to the drive system having the larger drive power.
  • connection control device may connect the normal secondary battery to an external charging device.
  • connection control device changes the remaining capacity of the normal secondary battery to the remaining capacity of the battery when both of the two secondary batteries are normal.
  • a caution may be notified when the capacity falls below a second caution capacity that is greater than a predetermined first caution capacity for notifying caution to capacity.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing a connection state between two secondary batteries and two drive systems when the electric vehicle is decelerating;
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing a connection state between two secondary batteries and two drive systems when an electric vehicle is accelerating;
  • 6 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of processing for switching the connection state according to the acceleration/deceleration state of the electric vehicle while the electric vehicle is running.
  • 7 is a flow chart showing an example of the flow of processing for setting a connection mode according to gross weight;
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a connection state between two secondary batteries and two drive systems when an electric vehicle is decelerating.
  • a drive system S shown in FIG. 1 is a system for driving an electric vehicle.
  • the drive system S switches the connection state between the two secondary batteries and the two drive systems depending on whether the electric vehicle is decelerating or accelerating.
  • Electric vehicles in the present embodiment are trucks, trailers, light trucks, etc., but are not limited to these.
  • the drive system S has a first secondary battery D1, a second secondary battery D2, a front wheel drive system K1, a rear wheel drive system K2, a first switch SW1, and a second switch SW2.
  • the front wheel drive system K1 includes a first motor M1, a drive shaft, and the like.
  • the rear wheel drive system K2 includes a second motor M2 different from the first motor M1, a drive shaft, and the like.
  • the first secondary battery D1 is a secondary battery that can be discharged and charged, such as a lithium ion battery.
  • the first secondary battery D1 may be a nickel-metal hydride battery or a lead-acid battery.
  • the second secondary battery D2 is, like the first secondary battery D1, a secondary battery that can be discharged and charged, such as a lithium ion battery.
  • the second secondary battery D2 may be a nickel-metal hydride battery or a lead-acid battery.
  • the battery capacity of the second secondary battery D2 is smaller than the battery capacity of the first secondary battery D1. Specifically, if the first secondary battery D1 and the second secondary battery D2 are of the same type or the same type, the volume of the second secondary battery D2 is the same as that of the first secondary battery D1. less than the volume of
  • the first switch SW1 is a switch that switches the connection between the front wheel drive system K1 and the first secondary battery D1 or the second secondary battery D2 under the control of the connection control device 1.
  • the second switch SW2 is a switch that switches the connection between the rear wheel drive system K2 and the first secondary battery D1 or the second secondary battery D2 under the control of the connection control device 1 .
  • the connection control device 1 is an ECU (Electronic Control Unit) mounted on an electric vehicle.
  • the connection control device 1 switches the connection state between the two secondary batteries and the two drive systems by controlling each of the first switch SW1 and the second switch SW2.
  • the connection control device 1 controls the first switch SW1 to connect the first secondary battery D1 and the first motor M1 of the front wheel drive system K1, or to switch the second secondary battery D1 to the first motor M1.
  • the secondary battery D2 can be connected to the first motor M1 of the front wheel drive system K1.
  • the connection control device 1 controls the second switch SW2 to connect the first secondary battery D1 to the second motor M2 of the rear wheel drive system K2, or connect the second secondary battery D2 to the rear wheel drive system K2.
  • connection control device 1 may connect the first secondary battery D1 to both the front wheel drive system K1 and the rear wheel drive system K2.
  • the connection control device 1 may connect the second secondary battery D2 to both the front wheel drive system K1 and the rear wheel drive system K2.
  • the connection control device 1 determines whether the electric vehicle is accelerating or decelerating, and connects the two secondary batteries and the two drive systems based on the determination result.
  • the connection control device 1 sequentially acquires the opening degree of the accelerator pedal (hereinafter referred to as "accelerator opening degree"), and determines whether the vehicle is accelerating or decelerating based on the acquired accelerator opening degree. Specifically, the connection control device 1 determines whether the electric vehicle is accelerating or decelerating based on whether the accelerator opening is greater than or equal to the regenerative power running neutral threshold.
  • the regenerative power running neutral threshold is the point at which the accelerator opening and the running resistance are balanced. The point of equilibrium is determined according to the speed of the electric vehicle.
  • connection control device 1 determines that the electric vehicle has accelerated when the accelerator opening increases. For example, the connection control device 1 determines that the electric vehicle has accelerated when the accelerator opening increases from a value smaller than the regenerative power running neutral threshold and becomes larger than the regenerative power running neutral threshold.
  • the connection control device 1 may determine whether the electric vehicle is accelerating based on whether it is within the regenerative power running neutral range including the regenerative power running neutral threshold.
  • the regenerative power running neutral range is determined according to the speed of the electric vehicle. For example, in the regenerative power running neutral range, the higher the speed, the larger the central value of the range.
  • the regenerative power running neutral range is from 6% to 8% in accelerator opening. In this case, the connection control device 1 determines that the electric vehicle has accelerated when the accelerator opening becomes greater than 8%.
  • the connection control device 1 determines that the electric vehicle is not accelerating (decelerating or stopping) while the accelerator opening is within the regenerative power running neutral range even if the accelerator opening increases. Specifically, the connection control device 1 determines that even if the accelerator opening increases from 6%, the vehicle is not accelerating (decelerating or stopping) until it becomes greater than 8%.
  • the connection control device 1 determines that the electric vehicle has decelerated when the accelerator opening decreases. For example, the connection control device 1 determines that the electric vehicle has started deceleration when the accelerator opening decreases from a value larger than the regenerative power running neutral threshold to become equal to or less than the regenerative power running neutral threshold. Further, the connection control device 1 determines that the electric vehicle has decelerated when the brake pedal is depressed.
  • the connection control device 1 may determine whether or not the electric vehicle has started deceleration based on whether it is within the regenerative power running neutral range including the regenerative power running neutral threshold. In this case, the connection control device 1 determines that the electric vehicle has decelerated when the accelerator opening becomes smaller than 6%. The connection control device 1 determines that the electric vehicle is not decelerating (accelerating) while the accelerator opening is within the regenerative power running neutral range even if the accelerator opening decreases. Specifically, the connection control device 1 determines that even if the accelerator opening decreases from 8%, the vehicle does not decelerate (is accelerating) until it becomes less than 6%.
  • connection control device 1 can prevent frequent switching of the determination result between acceleration and deceleration (hunting state) when the accelerator opening is near the regenerative power running threshold. .
  • connection control device 1 When the device for automatically driving the electric vehicle is executing control for tracking another vehicle, cruise control, or the like, the connection control device 1 is accelerating according to the control of the device for automatically driving the electric vehicle. or during deceleration.
  • the connection control device 1 uses a first secondary battery D1, which has a larger battery capacity than the second secondary battery D2, and the regenerative electric power of the motors of the front wheel drive system K1 and the rear wheel drive system K2. Connect the drive system with the larger number of For example, when the electric vehicle decelerates, load is likely to be applied to the front wheels, so the regenerated power generated by the front wheel drive system K1 is greater than the regenerated power generated by the rear wheel drive system K2. In this case, the connection control device 1 connects the first motor M1 of the front wheel drive system K1 and the first secondary battery D1, and also connects the second secondary battery D2 and the second motor M2 of the rear wheel drive system K2. connect (see Figure 1).
  • connection control device 1 can charge the first secondary battery D1 with a large battery capacity with a large amount of regenerative power, so it is possible to prevent the regenerative power from being completely recovered.
  • the connection control device 1 can charge the second secondary battery D2 having a small battery capacity with relatively small regenerative power, the second secondary battery D2 can be charged with an appropriate regenerative power according to the battery capacity. The secondary battery D2 can be charged.
  • the connection control device 1 supplies drive power to the first secondary battery D1, which has a larger battery capacity than the second secondary battery D2, and the motors of the front wheel drive system K1 and the rear wheel drive system K2.
  • the connection control device 1 connects the first secondary battery D1 and the second motor M2 of the rear wheel drive system K2 during acceleration, and connects the second secondary battery D2 and the first motor M2 of the front wheel drive system K1. M1 is connected.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing a connection state between two secondary batteries and two drive systems when an electric vehicle is accelerating.
  • connection control device 1 can consume a large amount of electric power from the first secondary battery D1 having a large battery capacity during acceleration when a load is likely to be applied to the rear wheels, so that the secondary battery is completely discharged. You can control fear.
  • the connection control device 1 consumes a relatively small amount of power from the second secondary battery D2, so power consumption of the second secondary battery D2 can be reduced.
  • the connection control device 1 appropriately connects the two secondary batteries and the two drive systems according to the ease with which the load is applied to the drive systems, which changes during deceleration and during acceleration. can.
  • the connection control device 1 sets a connection mode for determining how to connect the two secondary batteries and the two drive systems according to the weight of the electric vehicle. Processing for setting the connection mode according to the weight of the electric vehicle will be described below.
  • the connection control device 1 acquires the weight of the electric vehicle. For example, the connection control device 1 acquires, as the weight of the electric vehicle, the total weight obtained by summing the weight of the cargo obtained from a weight sensor provided on the loading platform for loading the cargo and the pre-stored weight of the own vehicle. Further, the connection control device 1 may acquire the weight or total weight of the luggage input to the terminal by the manager who manages the operation of the electric vehicle or the driver who drives the electric vehicle.
  • the terminal is, but not limited to, a server that manages the operation of the electric vehicle, a mobile terminal used by the driver, or a terminal mounted on the electric vehicle.
  • the connection control device 1 may estimate the total weight from the acceleration or speed of the electric vehicle with respect to the output of the motor mounted on the electric vehicle.
  • the connection control device 1 may acquire the load on the rear axle (rear axle load) as the weight of the electric vehicle.
  • the connection control device 1 acquires the rear axle load from, for example, a load sensor that detects the load on the rear axle.
  • the connection control device 1 is not limited to this, and may detect or estimate the rear wheel axle load using a known technique.
  • the connection control device 1 sets the first fixed connection mode in which the connection state is not switched during deceleration and acceleration.
  • the first threshold is the weight at which the drive system, to which the load is likely to be applied, changes between deceleration and acceleration.
  • a specific value of the first threshold value may be appropriately set by experiment or the like, and is, for example, the weight of the electric vehicle when no load is loaded on the electric vehicle.
  • a specific value of the first threshold value may be a value obtained by adding a predetermined weight to the weight of the electric vehicle when no luggage is loaded.
  • the predetermined weight may be determined according to the weight that changes in the drive system to which the load is likely to be applied during deceleration and acceleration, and a specific value is, for example, 20% of the maximum load.
  • the connection control device 1 connects the first secondary battery D1 and the front wheel drive system K1 and connects the second secondary battery D2 and the rear wheels during both deceleration and acceleration.
  • the first fixed connection mode is set to connect with the drive system K2 (see FIG. 1).
  • the connection control device 1 sets the second fixed connection mode in which the connection state is not switched during deceleration and acceleration.
  • the second threshold is, for example, a weight at which a load is likely to be applied to the rear wheels even during deceleration.
  • a specific value of the second threshold may be appropriately set by experiment or the like, and is, for example, 80% of the maximum load capacity of the electric vehicle.
  • the connection control device 1 connects the first secondary battery D1 and the rear wheel drive system K2 and connects the second secondary battery D2 and the rear wheel drive system K2 during both deceleration and acceleration.
  • the second fixed connection mode is set to connect to the front wheel drive system K1 (see FIG. 2).
  • the connection control device 1 sets the switching connection mode to switch the connection state between deceleration and acceleration. Specifically, the connection control device 1 connects the first secondary battery D1 and the front wheel drive system K1 and connects the second secondary battery D2 and the rear wheel drive system K2 during deceleration (see FIG. 1). reference). The connection control device 1 also connects the first secondary battery D1 and the rear wheel drive system K2 and connects the second secondary battery D2 and the front wheel drive system K1 during acceleration (see FIG. 2).
  • connection control device 1 connects the drive system with the larger regenerative power and the secondary battery with the larger battery capacity during deceleration according to the ease with which a load is applied that varies with the weight of the electric vehicle.
  • the connection control device 1 connects a drive system that needs to output a large driving force and a secondary battery with a large battery capacity during acceleration. By doing so, the connection control device 1 can appropriately connect the two secondary batteries and the two drive systems according to the weight of the electric vehicle.
  • connection control device 1 In the event that one of the two secondary batteries fails, the connection control device 1 switches the normal secondary battery and one of the two drive systems together during deceleration or acceleration of the electric vehicle. switch accordingly.
  • the connection control device 1 determines whether or not each of the two secondary batteries is abnormal, for example, based on the detection results of various sensors mounted on the electric vehicle. For example, when the temperature of the secondary battery is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature, when the voltage applied by the secondary battery is less than a predetermined voltage value, or when the current supplied by the secondary battery is less than a predetermined current value , it is determined that the secondary battery is abnormal.
  • the connection control device 1 is not limited to this, and may acquire the determination result from a device that determines whether or not the secondary battery is abnormal.
  • connection control device 1 When one of the two secondary batteries is determined to be abnormal, the connection control device 1 connects the secondary battery determined to be normal and the front wheel drive system K1 during deceleration. In addition, the connection control device 1 connects the secondary battery determined to be normal and the rear wheel drive system K2 during acceleration. By doing so, the connection control device 1 can charge a normal secondary battery with a large amount of regenerative electric power during deceleration, and can supply a normal secondary battery to the rear wheel drive system K2, which requires a large amount of drive electric power during acceleration. Power can be supplied from batteries.
  • the connection control device 1 may connect a normal secondary battery to both the front wheel drive system K1 and the rear wheel drive system K2. Also, the connection control device 1 may be connected to only one of the normal secondary battery and either the front wheel drive system K1 or the rear wheel drive system K2 without switching between deceleration and acceleration. In this case, the drive system to be connected may be selected based on the weight of the electric vehicle. For example, when the weight is equal to or less than the first threshold, the connection control device 1 connects the normal secondary battery to the front wheel drive system K1.
  • connection control device 1 When one of the two secondary batteries is determined to be abnormal, the connection control device 1 charges only the normal secondary battery. Specifically, the connection control device 1 connects the normal secondary battery to an external charging device. By doing so, the connection control device 1 can prevent the secondary battery determined to be abnormal from being charged, and can appropriately charge only the normal secondary battery.
  • the connection control device 1 advances the notification timing for notifying the remaining capacity of the battery.
  • the connection control device 1 acquires the remaining capacity of each of the two secondary batteries, and when the acquired remaining capacity becomes equal to or less than a predetermined value, the display device or speaker mounted on the electric vehicle notifies information indicating caution. .
  • the connection control device 1 warns the remaining capacity of the batteries when the remaining capacity of the secondary batteries becomes equal to or less than a predetermined first warning capacity. Notice.
  • the connection control device 1 when one of the two secondary batteries becomes abnormal, the remaining capacity of the normal secondary battery becomes equal to or less than the second caution capacity, which is larger than the first caution capacity. Notify you when The first caution capacity is, for example, 15% of the maximum capacity of the secondary battery.
  • a specific value of the second attention capacity is, for example, 20%.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of processing for switching the connection state according to the acceleration/deceleration state of the electric vehicle while the electric vehicle is running.
  • the flowchart in FIG. 3 is sequentially executed while the electric vehicle is running.
  • the connection control device 1 first acquires the accelerator opening of the accelerator pedal of the electric vehicle (step S1).
  • the connection control device 1 determines whether the electric vehicle is decelerating based on the acquired accelerator opening (step S2). Specifically, the connection control device 1 determines that the electric vehicle is decelerating when the newly acquired accelerator opening is 0 or smaller than the previously acquired accelerator opening. Further, the connection control device 1 determines that acceleration is being performed when the newly acquired accelerator opening is greater than or equal to the previously acquired accelerator opening.
  • step S2 When the electric vehicle is decelerating (Yes in step S2), the connection control device 1 controls the first switch SW1 to connect the first secondary battery D1 and the front wheel drive system K1 (step S3). Subsequently, the connection control device 1 controls the second switch SW2 to connect the second secondary battery D2 and the rear wheel drive system K2 (step S4) (see FIG. 1). Note that step S4 may be executed before step S3, or step S3 and step S4 may be executed in parallel.
  • step S5 When the electric vehicle is accelerating (No in step S2), the connection control device 1 controls the second switch SW2 to connect the first secondary battery D1 and the rear wheel drive system K2 (step S5). Subsequently, the connection control device 1 controls the first switch SW1 to connect the second secondary battery D2 and the front wheel drive system K1 (step S6) (see FIG. 2). Note that step S5 may be executed before step S6, or step S5 and step S6 may be executed in parallel.
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing an example of the flow of processing for setting the connection mode according to weight.
  • the flowchart in FIG. 4 is executed when the electric vehicle is started (for example, after the ignition key is turned on until the vehicle starts running).
  • the connection control device 1 acquires the weight of the electric vehicle (step S11). For example, the connection control device 1 acquires, as the weight of the electric vehicle, the total weight obtained by adding the weight of the luggage acquired from the weight sensor provided on the loading platform and the weight of the own vehicle. Also, the connection control device 1 may acquire the rear axle load associated with the rear axle of the electric vehicle as the weight of the electric vehicle.
  • the connection control device 1 determines whether or not the acquired weight is equal to or less than the first threshold (step S12). If the weight is equal to or less than the first threshold (Yes in step S12), the connection control device 1 determines that the load is likely to be applied to the front wheels, and sets the first fixed connection mode (step S13). Specifically, during both deceleration and acceleration, the connection control device 1 connects the first secondary battery D1 and the front wheel drive system K1, and connects the second secondary battery D2 and the rear wheel drive system K2. to connect.
  • the connection control device 1 determines whether the weight is less than the second threshold (step S14). If the weight is greater than or equal to the first threshold value and less than the second threshold value (Yes in step S14), the connection control device 1 considers that the drive system to which the load is likely to be applied changes between deceleration and acceleration.
  • a switching connection mode is set to switch the connection state between deceleration and acceleration (step S15). Specifically, the connection control device 1 connects the first secondary battery D1 and the front wheel drive system K1 during deceleration, and connects the first secondary battery D1 and the rear wheel drive system K2 during acceleration.
  • connection control device 1 determines that the load is likely to be applied to the rear wheels, and sets the second fixed connection mode (step S16). Specifically, the connection control device 1 connects the first secondary battery D1 and the rear wheel drive system K2 and connects the second secondary battery D2 and the front wheel drive system K1 during both deceleration and acceleration. to connect.
  • connection control device 1 selects the first secondary battery D1 having a larger battery capacity than the second secondary battery D2, the front wheel drive system K1, or the rear wheel drive system K2. drive system with more regenerative electric power of the motor.
  • the connection control device 1 connects the first secondary battery D1 to the drive system having the larger motor drive power, of the front wheel drive system K1 and the rear wheel drive system K2, during acceleration of the electric vehicle. .
  • connection control device 1 appropriately connects the two secondary batteries and the two drive systems in accordance with the ease with which a load is applied to the drive systems, which changes during deceleration and during acceleration. be able to.
  • the connection control device 1 can charge the first secondary battery D1 having a large battery capacity with a large amount of regenerated electric power, thereby suppressing the possibility that the regenerated electric power cannot be collected.
  • the connection control device 1 can consume a large amount of electric power from the first secondary battery D1 having a large battery capacity, so it is possible to suppress the risk of the secondary battery being completely discharged.
  • the connection control device 1 can suppress the difference in remaining capacity between the first secondary battery D1 and the second secondary battery D2.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

A driving system according to the present invention that drives an electric vehicle includes: a front-wheel driving system K1 that includes a first motor M1; a rear-wheel driving system K2 that includes a second motor M2 that is different from the first motor M1; a first secondary battery D1; a second secondary battery D2 of which battery capacity is smaller than the first secondary battery D1; and a connection control device 1 that, when the electric vehicle is decelerating, connects the first secondary battery D1 and the driving system of which regenerating power of the motor is greater among the front-wheel driving system K1 and the rear-wheel driving system K2, and when the electric vehicle is accelerating, connects the first secondary battery D1 and the driving system of which driving power of the motor is greater among the front-wheel driving system K1 and the rear-wheel driving system K2.

Description

駆動システムdrive system
　本発明は、二次電池と駆動系統との接続を制御する駆動システムに関する。 The present invention relates to a drive system that controls connection between a secondary battery and a drive system.
　２つの二次電池と、前輪駆動系統と、後輪駆動系統とを備える電気自動車が知られている。特許文献１には、２つの二次電池のうちの第１二次電池と前輪駆動系統とを接続し、第２二次電池と後輪駆動系統とを接続し、いずれか一方の駆動系統に異常が生じた場合には、正常な方の駆動系統のみで走行する技術が開示されている。 An electric vehicle is known that includes two secondary batteries, a front-wheel drive system, and a rear-wheel drive system. In Patent Document 1, the first secondary battery of the two secondary batteries is connected to the front wheel drive system, the second secondary battery is connected to the rear wheel drive system, and one of the secondary batteries is connected to the drive system. A technology is disclosed in which, when an abnormality occurs, the vehicle runs only on the normal drive system.
特開２００３－３３３７０７号公報Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-333707
　ところで、前輪駆動系統と、後輪駆動系統とでは、減速時に生じる回生電力や、加速時に消費する駆動電力がそれぞれ異なる。例えば、減速時には前輪に荷重がかかりやすいので、前輪駆動系統で大きな回生電力が生じる。このとき、前輪駆動系統に接続した第１二次電池の電池容量よりも大きな回生電力が生じると、第１二次電池に回生電力を回収しきれなくなるおそれがある。また、加速時には後輪に荷重がかかりやすいので後輪駆動系統で消費される電力が大きくなるため、後輪駆動系統に接続した第２二次電池が放電しきってしまうおそれがある。 By the way, the regenerative electric power generated during deceleration and the driving electric power consumed during acceleration differ between the front-wheel drive system and the rear-wheel drive system. For example, during deceleration, a load is likely to be applied to the front wheels, so a large amount of regenerative electric power is generated in the front wheel drive system. At this time, if regenerated electric power is generated that is larger than the battery capacity of the first secondary battery connected to the front-wheel drive system, the first secondary battery may not be able to collect all the regenerated electric power. In addition, since a load is likely to be applied to the rear wheels during acceleration, the power consumed by the rear wheel drive system increases, and there is a risk that the second secondary battery connected to the rear wheel drive system will be completely discharged.
　そこで、本発明はこれらの点に鑑みてなされたものであり、走行状況に応じて、２つの二次電池と、２つの駆動系統とを適切に接続することを目的とする。 Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of these points, and it is an object of the present invention to appropriately connect two secondary batteries and two drive systems according to driving conditions.
　本発明の態様においては、電気自動車を駆動する駆動システムであって、第１モータを含む前輪駆動系統と、前記第１モータと異なる第２モータを含む後輪駆動系統と、第１二次電池と、前記第１二次電池よりも電池容量が小さい第２二次電池と、前記電気自動車の減速時に、前記第１二次電池と、前記前輪駆動系統と前記後輪駆動系統とのうちのモータの回生電力が多い方の駆動系統とを接続させ、前記電気自動車の加速時に、前記第１二次電池と、前記前輪駆動系統と前記後輪駆動系統とのうちのモータの駆動電力が多い方の駆動系統とを接続させる接続制御装置と、を有する駆動システムを提供する。 According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a drive system for driving an electric vehicle, comprising a front wheel drive system including a first motor, a rear wheel drive system including a second motor different from the first motor, and a first secondary battery. and a second secondary battery having a battery capacity smaller than that of the first secondary battery, and when the electric vehicle is decelerating, the first secondary battery, the front wheel drive system and the rear wheel drive system. A drive system having a larger regenerative electric power of the motor is connected, and when the electric vehicle is accelerated, the drive power of the first secondary battery, the motor of the front wheel drive system and the rear wheel drive system is large. and a connection control device for connecting one drive system.
　前記接続制御装置は、前記減速時に、前記第１二次電池と前記前輪駆動系統とを接続させるとともに、前記第２二次電池と前記後輪駆動系統とを接続させ、前記加速時に、前記第１二次電池と前記後輪駆動系統とを接続させるとともに、前記第２二次電池と前記前輪駆動系統とを接続させてもよい。 The connection control device connects the first secondary battery and the front wheel drive system during deceleration, connects the second secondary battery and the rear wheel drive system, and connects the second secondary battery and the rear wheel drive system during acceleration. The first secondary battery and the rear wheel drive system may be connected, and the second secondary battery and the front wheel drive system may be connected.
　前記接続制御装置は、前記電気自動車の重量を取得し、前記重量が第１閾値以上であり、かつ前記第１閾値よりも大きい第２閾値未満である場合、前記減速時に前記第１二次電池と前記前輪駆動系統とを接続させ、前記加速時に前記第１二次電池と前記後輪駆動系統とを接続させてもよい。 The connection control device obtains the weight of the electric vehicle, and if the weight is equal to or greater than a first threshold and is less than a second threshold that is larger than the first threshold, the first secondary battery during deceleration. and the front wheel drive system, and during the acceleration, the first secondary battery and the rear wheel drive system may be connected.
　前記接続制御装置は、前記重量が前記第１閾値以下の場合、前記減速時及び前記加速時の両方とも、前記第１二次電池と前記前輪駆動系統とを接続させるとともに、前記第２二次電池と前記後輪駆動系統とを接続させてもよい。 When the weight is equal to or less than the first threshold, the connection control device connects the first secondary battery and the front wheel drive system both during deceleration and during acceleration, and connects the second secondary battery to the front wheel drive system. A battery may be connected to the rear wheel drive system.
　前記接続制御装置は、前記重量が前記第２閾値以上である場合、前記減速時及び前記加速時の両方とも、前記第１二次電池と前記後輪駆動系統とを接続させるとともに、前記第２二次電池と前記前輪駆動系統とを接続させてもよい。 When the weight is equal to or greater than the second threshold, the connection control device connects the first secondary battery and the rear wheel drive system both during deceleration and during acceleration, and connects the second secondary battery and the rear wheel drive system. A secondary battery may be connected to the front wheel drive system.
　前記接続制御装置は、２つの二次電池のうちの一方が異常と判定された場合、前記減速時に、正常と判定された二次電池と前記回生電力が多い方の駆動系統とを接続させ、前記加速時に、正常と判定された二次電池と前記駆動電力が大きい方の駆動系統とを接続させてもよい。 When one of the two secondary batteries is determined to be abnormal, the connection control device connects the secondary battery determined to be normal and the drive system with the larger regenerative power during the deceleration, During the acceleration, the secondary battery determined to be normal may be connected to the drive system having the larger drive power.
　前記接続制御装置は、２つの二次電池のうちの一方が異常と判定された場合、正常な方の二次電池と外部の充電装置とを接続させてもよい。 When one of the two secondary batteries is determined to be abnormal, the connection control device may connect the normal secondary battery to an external charging device.
　前記接続制御装置は、２つの二次電池のうちの一方が異常と判定された場合、正常な方の二次電池の残容量が、２つの二次電池がともに正常である場合に電池の残容量に対する注意を通知する所定の第１注意容量よりも大きい第２注意容量以下になったときに注意を通知してもよい。 When one of the two secondary batteries is determined to be abnormal, the connection control device changes the remaining capacity of the normal secondary battery to the remaining capacity of the battery when both of the two secondary batteries are normal. A caution may be notified when the capacity falls below a second caution capacity that is greater than a predetermined first caution capacity for notifying caution to capacity.
　本発明によれば、２つの二次電池と、２つの駆動系統とを適切に接続できるという効果を奏する。 According to the present invention, it is possible to appropriately connect two secondary batteries and two drive systems.
電気自動車の減速時の、２つの二次電池と２つの駆動系統との接続状態を模式的に示す図である。FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing a connection state between two secondary batteries and two drive systems when the electric vehicle is decelerating; 電気自動車の加速時の、２つの二次電池と２つの駆動系統との接続状態を模式的に示す図である。FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing a connection state between two secondary batteries and two drive systems when an electric vehicle is accelerating; 電気自動車が走行中に、電気自動車の加減速状態に応じて接続状態を切り替える処理の流れの一例を示すフローチャートである。6 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of processing for switching the connection state according to the acceleration/deceleration state of the electric vehicle while the electric vehicle is running. 総重量に応じて接続モードを設定する処理の流れの一例を示すフローチャートである。7 is a flow chart showing an example of the flow of processing for setting a connection mode according to gross weight;
［駆動システムＳの構成］
　図１は、電気自動車の減速時の、２つの二次電池と２つの駆動系統との接続状態を模式的に示す図である。図１に示す駆動システムＳは、電気自動車を駆動するシステムである。駆動システムＳは、電気自動車が減速中か、加速中かに応じて、２つの二次電池と２つの駆動系統との接続状態を切り替える。本実施の形態における電気自動車は、トラックやトレーラ、軽トラックなどであるが、これに限定するものではない。 [Configuration of drive system S]
FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a connection state between two secondary batteries and two drive systems when an electric vehicle is decelerating. A drive system S shown in FIG. 1 is a system for driving an electric vehicle. The drive system S switches the connection state between the two secondary batteries and the two drive systems depending on whether the electric vehicle is decelerating or accelerating. Electric vehicles in the present embodiment are trucks, trailers, light trucks, etc., but are not limited to these.
　駆動システムＳは、第１二次電池Ｄ１と、第２二次電池Ｄ２と、前輪駆動系統Ｋ１と、後輪駆動系統Ｋ２と、第１スイッチＳＷ１と、第２スイッチＳＷ２とを有する。前輪駆動系統Ｋ１は、第１モータＭ１、ドライブシャフト等を含む。後輪駆動系統Ｋ２は、第１モータＭ１と異なる第２モータＭ２、ドライブシャフト等を含む。 The drive system S has a first secondary battery D1, a second secondary battery D2, a front wheel drive system K1, a rear wheel drive system K2, a first switch SW1, and a second switch SW2. The front wheel drive system K1 includes a first motor M1, a drive shaft, and the like. The rear wheel drive system K2 includes a second motor M2 different from the first motor M1, a drive shaft, and the like.
　第１二次電池Ｄ１は、放電と充電とが可能な２次電池であり、例えばリチウムイオン電池である。第１二次電池Ｄ１は、ニッケル水素電池、鉛蓄電池でもよい。第２二次電池Ｄ２は、第１二次電池Ｄ１と同様に、放電と充電とが可能な２次電池であり、例えばリチウムイオン電池である。第２二次電池Ｄ２は、ニッケル水素電池、鉛蓄電池でもよい。第２二次電池Ｄ２の電池容量は、第１二次電池Ｄ１の電池容量よりも小さい。具体的には、第１二次電池Ｄ１と、第２二次電池Ｄ２とが同じ種別の電池又は同じ型式の電池であれば、第２二次電池Ｄ２の体積は、第１二次電池Ｄ１の体積よりも小さい。 The first secondary battery D1 is a secondary battery that can be discharged and charged, such as a lithium ion battery. The first secondary battery D1 may be a nickel-metal hydride battery or a lead-acid battery. The second secondary battery D2 is, like the first secondary battery D1, a secondary battery that can be discharged and charged, such as a lithium ion battery. The second secondary battery D2 may be a nickel-metal hydride battery or a lead-acid battery. The battery capacity of the second secondary battery D2 is smaller than the battery capacity of the first secondary battery D1. Specifically, if the first secondary battery D1 and the second secondary battery D2 are of the same type or the same type, the volume of the second secondary battery D2 is the same as that of the first secondary battery D1. less than the volume of
　第１スイッチＳＷ１は、接続制御装置１の制御により、前輪駆動系統Ｋ１と、第１二次電池Ｄ１又は第２二次電池Ｄ２との接続を切り替えるスイッチである。第２スイッチＳＷ２は、接続制御装置１の制御により、後輪駆動系統Ｋ２と、第１二次電池Ｄ１又は第２二次電池Ｄ２との接続を切り替えるスイッチである。 The first switch SW1 is a switch that switches the connection between the front wheel drive system K1 and the first secondary battery D1 or the second secondary battery D2 under the control of the connection control device 1. The second switch SW2 is a switch that switches the connection between the rear wheel drive system K2 and the first secondary battery D1 or the second secondary battery D2 under the control of the connection control device 1 .
　接続制御装置１は、電気自動車に搭載されたＥＣＵ（Electronic Control Unit）である。接続制御装置１は、第１スイッチＳＷ１と第２スイッチＳＷ２との各々を制御することにより、２つの二次電池と２つの駆動系統との接続状態を切り替える。接続制御装置１は、例えば、接続制御装置１は、第１スイッチＳＷ１を制御することにより、第１二次電池Ｄ１と、前輪駆動系統Ｋ１の第１モータＭ１とを接続させたり、第２二次電池Ｄ２と前輪駆動系統Ｋ１の第１モータＭ１とを接続させたりすることができる。同様に、接続制御装置１は、第２スイッチＳＷ２を制御することにより、第１二次電池Ｄ１と後輪駆動系統Ｋ２の第２モータＭ２とを接続させたり、第２二次電池Ｄ２と後輪駆動系統Ｋ２の第２モータＭ２とを接続させたりすることができる。なお、接続制御装置１は、第１二次電池Ｄ１を前輪駆動系統Ｋ１及び後輪駆動系統Ｋ２の両方に接続させてもよい。また、接続制御装置１は、第２二次電池Ｄ２を前輪駆動系統Ｋ１及び後輪駆動系統Ｋ２の両方に接続させてもよい。 The connection control device 1 is an ECU (Electronic Control Unit) mounted on an electric vehicle. The connection control device 1 switches the connection state between the two secondary batteries and the two drive systems by controlling each of the first switch SW1 and the second switch SW2. For example, the connection control device 1 controls the first switch SW1 to connect the first secondary battery D1 and the first motor M1 of the front wheel drive system K1, or to switch the second secondary battery D1 to the first motor M1. The secondary battery D2 can be connected to the first motor M1 of the front wheel drive system K1. Similarly, the connection control device 1 controls the second switch SW2 to connect the first secondary battery D1 to the second motor M2 of the rear wheel drive system K2, or connect the second secondary battery D2 to the rear wheel drive system K2. It can be connected to the second motor M2 of the wheel drive system K2. The connection control device 1 may connect the first secondary battery D1 to both the front wheel drive system K1 and the rear wheel drive system K2. The connection control device 1 may connect the second secondary battery D2 to both the front wheel drive system K1 and the rear wheel drive system K2.
　接続制御装置１は、電気自動車が加速中であるか、減速中であるかを判定し、判定結果に基づいて２つの二次電池と２つの駆動系統とを接続させる。接続制御装置１は、アクセルペダルの開度（以下「アクセル開度」と言う）を順次取得し、取得したアクセル開度に基づいて加速したか減速したかを判定する。具体的には、接続制御装置１は、アクセル開度が回生力行中立閾値以上か否かに基づいて、電気自動車が加速中か減速中かを判定する。回生力行中立閾値は、アクセル開度と走行抵抗とが釣り合う点である。釣り合う点は、電気自動車の速度に応じて定まる。 The connection control device 1 determines whether the electric vehicle is accelerating or decelerating, and connects the two secondary batteries and the two drive systems based on the determination result. The connection control device 1 sequentially acquires the opening degree of the accelerator pedal (hereinafter referred to as "accelerator opening degree"), and determines whether the vehicle is accelerating or decelerating based on the acquired accelerator opening degree. Specifically, the connection control device 1 determines whether the electric vehicle is accelerating or decelerating based on whether the accelerator opening is greater than or equal to the regenerative power running neutral threshold. The regenerative power running neutral threshold is the point at which the accelerator opening and the running resistance are balanced. The point of equilibrium is determined according to the speed of the electric vehicle.
　まず、電気自動車が加速中かを判定する処理を具体的に説明する。接続制御装置１は、アクセル開度が増加したら、電気自動車が加速したと判定する。例えば、接続制御装置１は、アクセル開度が回生力行中立閾値よりも小さい値から増加して回生力行中立閾値よりも大きくなったら、電気自動車が加速したと判定する。 First, the process of determining whether the electric vehicle is accelerating will be specifically described. The connection control device 1 determines that the electric vehicle has accelerated when the accelerator opening increases. For example, the connection control device 1 determines that the electric vehicle has accelerated when the accelerator opening increases from a value smaller than the regenerative power running neutral threshold and becomes larger than the regenerative power running neutral threshold.
　接続制御装置１は、回生力行中立閾値を含む回生力行中立範囲内か否かに基づいて電気自動車が加速中か否かを判定してもよい。回生力行中立範囲は、電気自動車の速度に応じて定める。例えば、回生力行中立範囲は、速度が大きいほど範囲の中心値を大きくする。一例を挙げると、回生力行中立範囲は、アクセル開度６％から８％である。この場合、接続制御装置１は、アクセル開度が８％よりも大きくなったら電気自動車が加速したと判定する。接続制御装置１は、アクセル開度が増加しても、アクセル開度が回生力行中立範囲内である間、電気自動車が加速していない（減速又は停止中）と判定する。具体的には、接続制御装置１は、アクセル開度が６％から増加しても、８％よりも大きくなるまで加速していない（減速又は停止中）と判定する。 The connection control device 1 may determine whether the electric vehicle is accelerating based on whether it is within the regenerative power running neutral range including the regenerative power running neutral threshold. The regenerative power running neutral range is determined according to the speed of the electric vehicle. For example, in the regenerative power running neutral range, the higher the speed, the larger the central value of the range. For example, the regenerative power running neutral range is from 6% to 8% in accelerator opening. In this case, the connection control device 1 determines that the electric vehicle has accelerated when the accelerator opening becomes greater than 8%. The connection control device 1 determines that the electric vehicle is not accelerating (decelerating or stopping) while the accelerator opening is within the regenerative power running neutral range even if the accelerator opening increases. Specifically, the connection control device 1 determines that even if the accelerator opening increases from 6%, the vehicle is not accelerating (decelerating or stopping) until it becomes greater than 8%.
　続いて、電気自動車が減速したかを判定する処理を具体的に説明する。接続制御装置１は、アクセル開度が減少したら、電気自動車が減速したと判定する。例えば、接続制御装置１は、アクセル開度が回生力行中立閾値よりも大きい値から減少して回生力行中立閾値以下になったら、電気自動車が減速を開始したと判定する。また、接続制御装置１は、ブレーキペダルが踏み込まれたら、電気自動車が減速したと判定する。 Next, the process of determining whether the electric vehicle has decelerated will be specifically described. The connection control device 1 determines that the electric vehicle has decelerated when the accelerator opening decreases. For example, the connection control device 1 determines that the electric vehicle has started deceleration when the accelerator opening decreases from a value larger than the regenerative power running neutral threshold to become equal to or less than the regenerative power running neutral threshold. Further, the connection control device 1 determines that the electric vehicle has decelerated when the brake pedal is depressed.
　接続制御装置１は、回生力行中立閾値を含む回生力行中立範囲内か否かに基づいて電気自動車が減速を開始したか否かを判定してもよい。この場合、接続制御装置１は、アクセル開度が６％よりも小さくなったら電気自動車が減速したと判定する。接続制御装置１は、アクセル開度が減少しても、アクセル開度が回生力行中立範囲内である間、電気自動車が減速していない（加速中）と判定する。具体的には、接続制御装置１は、アクセル開度が８％から減少しても、６％よりも小さくなるまで減速していない（加速中）と判定する。 The connection control device 1 may determine whether or not the electric vehicle has started deceleration based on whether it is within the regenerative power running neutral range including the regenerative power running neutral threshold. In this case, the connection control device 1 determines that the electric vehicle has decelerated when the accelerator opening becomes smaller than 6%. The connection control device 1 determines that the electric vehicle is not decelerating (accelerating) while the accelerator opening is within the regenerative power running neutral range even if the accelerator opening decreases. Specifically, the connection control device 1 determines that even if the accelerator opening decreases from 8%, the vehicle does not decelerate (is accelerating) until it becomes less than 6%.
　このようにすることで、接続制御装置１は、アクセル開度が回生力行閾値付近であるときに、加速中か減速中かの判定結果が頻繁に切り替わること（ハンチング状態）を防止することができる。 By doing so, the connection control device 1 can prevent frequent switching of the determination result between acceleration and deceleration (hunting state) when the accelerator opening is near the regenerative power running threshold. .
　なお、接続制御装置１は、電気自動車を自動的に運転する装置が、他車を追尾する制御やクルーズコントロール制御などを実行している場合、自動的に運転する装置の制御に応じて加速中であるか、減速中であるかを判定してもよい。 When the device for automatically driving the electric vehicle is executing control for tracking another vehicle, cruise control, or the like, the connection control device 1 is accelerating according to the control of the device for automatically driving the electric vehicle. or during deceleration.
　接続制御装置１は、電気自動車の減速時に、第２二次電池Ｄ２よりも電池容量が大きい第１二次電池Ｄ１と、前輪駆動系統Ｋ１と後輪駆動系統Ｋ２とのうちのモータの回生電力が多い方の駆動系統とを接続させる。例えば、電気自動車の減速時には、前輪に荷重がかかりやすくなるので、後輪駆動系統Ｋ２で生じる回生電力よりも前輪駆動系統Ｋ１で生じる回生電力の方が大きくなる。この場合、接続制御装置１は、前輪駆動系統Ｋ１の第１モータＭ１と第１二次電池Ｄ１とを接続させるとともに、第２二次電池Ｄ２と後輪駆動系統Ｋ２の第２モータＭ２とを接続させる（図１を参照）。 When the electric vehicle decelerates, the connection control device 1 uses a first secondary battery D1, which has a larger battery capacity than the second secondary battery D2, and the regenerative electric power of the motors of the front wheel drive system K1 and the rear wheel drive system K2. Connect the drive system with the larger number of For example, when the electric vehicle decelerates, load is likely to be applied to the front wheels, so the regenerated power generated by the front wheel drive system K1 is greater than the regenerated power generated by the rear wheel drive system K2. In this case, the connection control device 1 connects the first motor M1 of the front wheel drive system K1 and the first secondary battery D1, and also connects the second secondary battery D2 and the second motor M2 of the rear wheel drive system K2. connect (see Figure 1).
　このようにすることで、接続制御装置１は、大きな回生電力で電池容量の大きな第１二次電池Ｄ１を充電することができるので、回生電力を回収しきれなくなることを抑制できる。また、接続制御装置１は、相対的に小さな回生電力で、電池容量の小さな第２二次電池Ｄ２を充電することができるので、電池容量の大きさに応じた適切な回生電力で第２二次電池Ｄ２を充電できる。 By doing so, the connection control device 1 can charge the first secondary battery D1 with a large battery capacity with a large amount of regenerative power, so it is possible to prevent the regenerative power from being completely recovered. In addition, since the connection control device 1 can charge the second secondary battery D2 having a small battery capacity with relatively small regenerative power, the second secondary battery D2 can be charged with an appropriate regenerative power according to the battery capacity. The secondary battery D2 can be charged.
　接続制御装置１は、電気自動車の加速時に、第２二次電池Ｄ２よりも電池容量が大きい第１二次電池Ｄ１と、前輪駆動系統Ｋ１と後輪駆動系統Ｋ２とのうちのモータの駆動電力が多い方の駆動系統とを接続させる。例えば、電気自動車の加速時には、後輪に荷重がかかりやすくなるので、後輪駆動系統Ｋ２に大きな駆動力を出力させる必要がある。この場合、接続制御装置１は、加速時に、第１二次電池Ｄ１と後輪駆動系統Ｋ２の第２モータＭ２とを接続させるとともに、第２二次電池Ｄ２と前輪駆動系統Ｋ１の第１モータＭ１とを接続させる。図２は、電気自動車の加速時の、２つの二次電池と２つの駆動系統との接続状態を模式的に示す図である。 During acceleration of the electric vehicle, the connection control device 1 supplies drive power to the first secondary battery D1, which has a larger battery capacity than the second secondary battery D2, and the motors of the front wheel drive system K1 and the rear wheel drive system K2. Connect the drive system with the larger number of For example, when the electric vehicle is accelerating, a load is likely to be applied to the rear wheels, so it is necessary to output a large driving force to the rear wheel drive system K2. In this case, the connection control device 1 connects the first secondary battery D1 and the second motor M2 of the rear wheel drive system K2 during acceleration, and connects the second secondary battery D2 and the first motor M2 of the front wheel drive system K1. M1 is connected. FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing a connection state between two secondary batteries and two drive systems when an electric vehicle is accelerating.
　このように、接続制御装置１は、後輪に荷重がかかりやすくなる加速時に、電池容量の大きな第１二次電池Ｄ１から大きな電力を消費させることができるので、二次電池が放電しきってしまうおそれを抑制できる。また、接続制御装置１は、相対的に小さな電力を第２二次電池Ｄ２から消費させるので、第２二次電池Ｄ２の電力消費を低減できる。このようにすることで、接続制御装置１は、減速時と加速時とで変化する駆動系統への荷重のかかりやすさに応じて、２つの二次電池と二つの駆動系統とを適切に接続できる。 In this way, the connection control device 1 can consume a large amount of electric power from the first secondary battery D1 having a large battery capacity during acceleration when a load is likely to be applied to the rear wheels, so that the secondary battery is completely discharged. You can control fear. In addition, the connection control device 1 consumes a relatively small amount of power from the second secondary battery D2, so power consumption of the second secondary battery D2 can be reduced. By doing so, the connection control device 1 appropriately connects the two secondary batteries and the two drive systems according to the ease with which the load is applied to the drive systems, which changes during deceleration and during acceleration. can.
　ところで、前輪に荷重がかかりやすくなるか、後輪に荷重がかかりやすくなるかは、電気自動車の総重量に応じて変化する。例えば、電気自動車が荷物を積載していない場合、減速時に前輪に荷重がかかりやすくなる。一方、電気自動車が荷物を積載している場合には、減速時であっても後輪に荷重がかかりやすくなる。特に、電気自動車の最大積載量まで荷物を積載している場合には、減速時であっても後輪に荷重がかかる。そこで、接続制御装置１は、電気自動車の重量に応じて、２つの二次電池と２つの駆動系統とをどのように接続するかを決定する接続モードを設定する。以下、電気自動車の重量に応じて接続モードを設定する処理を説明する。 By the way, whether the load is more likely to be applied to the front wheels or the rear wheels depends on the total weight of the electric vehicle. For example, when an electric vehicle is not loaded with cargo, the load is likely to be applied to the front wheels during deceleration. On the other hand, when the electric vehicle is loaded with cargo, the load tends to be applied to the rear wheels even during deceleration. In particular, when the electric vehicle is loaded with cargo up to its maximum load capacity, the load is applied to the rear wheels even during deceleration. Therefore, the connection control device 1 sets a connection mode for determining how to connect the two secondary batteries and the two drive systems according to the weight of the electric vehicle. Processing for setting the connection mode according to the weight of the electric vehicle will be described below.
　接続制御装置１は、電気自動車の重量を取得する。例えば、接続制御装置１は、荷物を積載する荷台に設けられた重量センサから取得した荷物の重量と、予め記憶された自車の重量とを合算した総重量を電気自動車の重量として取得する。また、接続制御装置１は、電気自動車の運行を管理する管理者や電気自動車を運転する運転者が端末に入力した荷物の重量又は総重量を取得してもよい。端末は、電気自動車の運行を管理するサーバ、運転者が使用する携帯端末、又は電気自動車に搭載された端末であるが、これに限定するものではない。なお、接続制御装置１は、電気自動車に搭載されたモータの出力に対する電気自動車の加速度又は速度から総重量を推定してもよい。 The connection control device 1 acquires the weight of the electric vehicle. For example, the connection control device 1 acquires, as the weight of the electric vehicle, the total weight obtained by summing the weight of the cargo obtained from a weight sensor provided on the loading platform for loading the cargo and the pre-stored weight of the own vehicle. Further, the connection control device 1 may acquire the weight or total weight of the luggage input to the terminal by the manager who manages the operation of the electric vehicle or the driver who drives the electric vehicle. The terminal is, but not limited to, a server that manages the operation of the electric vehicle, a mobile terminal used by the driver, or a terminal mounted on the electric vehicle. The connection control device 1 may estimate the total weight from the acceleration or speed of the electric vehicle with respect to the output of the motor mounted on the electric vehicle.
　接続制御装置１は、電気自動車の重量として、後輪軸に係る荷重（後輪軸荷重）を取得してもよい。この場合、接続制御装置１は、例えば後輪軸に係る荷重を検出する荷重センサから後輪軸荷重を取得する。なお、接続制御装置１は、これに限らず、公知の技術を用いて後輪軸荷重を検出したり推定したりしてもよい。 The connection control device 1 may acquire the load on the rear axle (rear axle load) as the weight of the electric vehicle. In this case, the connection control device 1 acquires the rear axle load from, for example, a load sensor that detects the load on the rear axle. Note that the connection control device 1 is not limited to this, and may detect or estimate the rear wheel axle load using a known technique.
　接続制御装置１は、重量が第１閾値以下である場合、減速時及び加速時で接続状態を切り替えない第１固定接続モードに設定する。第１閾値は、減速時と加速時とで荷重がかかりやすくなる駆動系統が変化する重さである。第１閾値の具体的な値は、実験などにより適宜設定すればよいが、例えば電気自動車に荷物が積載されていない場合の電気自動車の重量である。第１閾値の具体的な値は、荷物が積載されていない場合の電気自動車の重量に所定重量を加えた値であってもよい。所定重量は、減速時と加速時とで荷重がかかりやすくなる駆動系統が変化する重さに応じて定めればよく、具体的な値は、例えば最大積載量の２割である。接続制御装置１は、重量が第１閾値以下の場合、減速時及び加速時の両方とも、第１二次電池Ｄ１と前輪駆動系統Ｋ１とを接続させるとともに、第２二次電池Ｄ２と後輪駆動系統Ｋ２とを接続させる第１固定接続モードに設定する（図１を参照）。 When the weight is equal to or less than the first threshold, the connection control device 1 sets the first fixed connection mode in which the connection state is not switched during deceleration and acceleration. The first threshold is the weight at which the drive system, to which the load is likely to be applied, changes between deceleration and acceleration. A specific value of the first threshold value may be appropriately set by experiment or the like, and is, for example, the weight of the electric vehicle when no load is loaded on the electric vehicle. A specific value of the first threshold value may be a value obtained by adding a predetermined weight to the weight of the electric vehicle when no luggage is loaded. The predetermined weight may be determined according to the weight that changes in the drive system to which the load is likely to be applied during deceleration and acceleration, and a specific value is, for example, 20% of the maximum load. When the weight is equal to or less than the first threshold, the connection control device 1 connects the first secondary battery D1 and the front wheel drive system K1 and connects the second secondary battery D2 and the rear wheels during both deceleration and acceleration. The first fixed connection mode is set to connect with the drive system K2 (see FIG. 1).
　接続制御装置１は、重量が、第１閾値よりも大きい第２閾値以上である場合、減速時及び加速時で接続状態を切り替えない第２固定接続モードに設定する。第２閾値は、例えば減速時でも後輪に荷重がかかりやすくなる重さである。第２閾値の具体的な値は、実験などにより適宜設定すればよいが、例えば電気自動車の最大積載量の８割である。接続制御装置１は、重量が第２閾値以上である場合、減速時及び加速時の両方とも、第１二次電池Ｄ１と後輪駆動系統Ｋ２とを接続するとともに、第２二次電池Ｄ２と前輪駆動系統Ｋ１とを接続する第２固定接続モードに設定する（図２を参照）。 When the weight is equal to or greater than a second threshold that is larger than the first threshold, the connection control device 1 sets the second fixed connection mode in which the connection state is not switched during deceleration and acceleration. The second threshold is, for example, a weight at which a load is likely to be applied to the rear wheels even during deceleration. A specific value of the second threshold may be appropriately set by experiment or the like, and is, for example, 80% of the maximum load capacity of the electric vehicle. When the weight is equal to or greater than the second threshold, the connection control device 1 connects the first secondary battery D1 and the rear wheel drive system K2 and connects the second secondary battery D2 and the rear wheel drive system K2 during both deceleration and acceleration. The second fixed connection mode is set to connect to the front wheel drive system K1 (see FIG. 2).
　接続制御装置１は、重量が第１閾値以上であり、かつ第２閾値未満である場合、減速時及び加速時で接続状態を切り替える切替接続モードに設定する。具体的には、接続制御装置１は、減速時に第１二次電池Ｄ１と前輪駆動系統Ｋ１とを接続させるとともに、第２二次電池Ｄ２と後輪駆動系統Ｋ２とを接続させる（図１を参照）。また、接続制御装置１は、加速時に第１二次電池Ｄ１と後輪駆動系統Ｋ２とを接続させるとともに、第２二次電池Ｄ２と前輪駆動系統Ｋ１とを接続させる（図２を参照）。 When the weight is greater than or equal to the first threshold and less than the second threshold, the connection control device 1 sets the switching connection mode to switch the connection state between deceleration and acceleration. Specifically, the connection control device 1 connects the first secondary battery D1 and the front wheel drive system K1 and connects the second secondary battery D2 and the rear wheel drive system K2 during deceleration (see FIG. 1). reference). The connection control device 1 also connects the first secondary battery D1 and the rear wheel drive system K2 and connects the second secondary battery D2 and the front wheel drive system K1 during acceleration (see FIG. 2).
　このように、接続制御装置１は、電気自動車の重量で変化する荷重のかかりやすさに応じて、減速時には、回生電力が大きい方の駆動系統と電池容量の大きな二次電池とを接続させる。また、接続制御装置１は、加速時には、大きな駆動力を出力する必要がある駆動系統と、電池容量の大きな二次電池とを接続させる。このようにすることで、接続制御装置１は、２つの二次電池と２つの駆動系統とを電気自動車の重量に応じて適切に接続させることができる。 In this way, the connection control device 1 connects the drive system with the larger regenerative power and the secondary battery with the larger battery capacity during deceleration according to the ease with which a load is applied that varies with the weight of the electric vehicle. In addition, the connection control device 1 connects a drive system that needs to output a large driving force and a secondary battery with a large battery capacity during acceleration. By doing so, the connection control device 1 can appropriately connect the two secondary batteries and the two drive systems according to the weight of the electric vehicle.
（変形例１）
　接続制御装置１は、２つの二次電池のうちの一方に異常が生じた場合、正常な方の二次電池と、２つの駆動系統の一方とを、電気自動車が減速時か加速時かに応じて切り替える。接続制御装置１は、例えば電気自動車に搭載された各種センサの検出結果に基づいて、２つの二次電池の各々が異常であるか否かを判定する。例えば、接続制御装置１は、二次電池の温度が所定温度以上である場合、二次電池が印加する電圧が所定電圧値未満である場合、又は二次電池が供給する電流が所定電流値未満である場合、二次電池が異常であると判定する。なお、接続制御装置１は、これに限らず、二次電池が異常であるか否かを判定する装置から判定結果を取得してもよい。 (Modification 1)
In the event that one of the two secondary batteries fails, the connection control device 1 switches the normal secondary battery and one of the two drive systems together during deceleration or acceleration of the electric vehicle. switch accordingly. The connection control device 1 determines whether or not each of the two secondary batteries is abnormal, for example, based on the detection results of various sensors mounted on the electric vehicle. For example, when the temperature of the secondary battery is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature, when the voltage applied by the secondary battery is less than a predetermined voltage value, or when the current supplied by the secondary battery is less than a predetermined current value , it is determined that the secondary battery is abnormal. The connection control device 1 is not limited to this, and may acquire the determination result from a device that determines whether or not the secondary battery is abnormal.
　接続制御装置１は、２つの二次電池のうちの一方が異常と判定された場合、減速時に、正常と判定された二次電池と前輪駆動系統Ｋ１とを接続させる。また、接続制御装置１は、加速時に、正常と判定された二次電池と後輪駆動系統Ｋ２とを接続させる。このようにすることで、接続制御装置１は、減速時には大きな回生電力で正常な二次電池を充電することができ、加速時には大きな駆動電力を必要とする後輪駆動系統Ｋ２に正常な二次電池から電力を供給できる。 When one of the two secondary batteries is determined to be abnormal, the connection control device 1 connects the secondary battery determined to be normal and the front wheel drive system K1 during deceleration. In addition, the connection control device 1 connects the secondary battery determined to be normal and the rear wheel drive system K2 during acceleration. By doing so, the connection control device 1 can charge a normal secondary battery with a large amount of regenerative electric power during deceleration, and can supply a normal secondary battery to the rear wheel drive system K2, which requires a large amount of drive electric power during acceleration. Power can be supplied from batteries.
　接続制御装置１は、正常な二次電池と、前輪駆動系統Ｋ１及び後輪駆動系統Ｋ２とをともに接続させてもよい。また、接続制御装置１は、正常な二次電池と前輪駆動系統Ｋ１又は後輪駆動系統Ｋ２とのうちの一方のみと接続し、減速時か加速時かで切り替えなくてもよい。この場合、電気自動車の重量に基づいて接続する駆動系統を選択してもよい。例えば、接続制御装置１は、重量が第１閾値以下である場合、正常な方の二次電池と、前輪駆動系統Ｋ１とを接続する。 The connection control device 1 may connect a normal secondary battery to both the front wheel drive system K1 and the rear wheel drive system K2. Also, the connection control device 1 may be connected to only one of the normal secondary battery and either the front wheel drive system K1 or the rear wheel drive system K2 without switching between deceleration and acceleration. In this case, the drive system to be connected may be selected based on the weight of the electric vehicle. For example, when the weight is equal to or less than the first threshold, the connection control device 1 connects the normal secondary battery to the front wheel drive system K1.
（変形例２）
　接続制御装置１は、２つの二次電池のうちの一方が異常と判定された場合、正常な二次電池のみを充電する。具体的には、接続制御装置１は、正常な方の二次電池と、外部の充電装置と接続させる。このようにすることで、接続制御装置１は、異常であると判定された方の二次電池を充電してしまうことを抑制し、正常な方の二次電池のみを適切に充電できる。 (Modification 2)
When one of the two secondary batteries is determined to be abnormal, the connection control device 1 charges only the normal secondary battery. Specifically, the connection control device 1 connects the normal secondary battery to an external charging device. By doing so, the connection control device 1 can prevent the secondary battery determined to be abnormal from being charged, and can appropriately charge only the normal secondary battery.
（変形例３）
　接続制御装置１は、２つの二次電池のうちの一方が異常と判定された場合、電池の残容量に対する注意を通知する通知タイミングを早くする。接続制御装置１は、２つの二次電池の各々の残容量を取得し、取得した残容量が所定値以下になったら、電気自動車に搭載された表示装置やスピーカに注意を示す情報を報知させる。具体的には、接続制御装置１は、２つの二次電池がともに正常である場合、二次電池の残容量が所定の第１注意容量以下になったときに、電池の残容量に対する注意を通知する。一方、接続制御装置１は、２つの二次電池のうちの一方に異常が生じた場合、正常な方の二次電池の残容量が、第１注意容量よりも大きい第２注意容量以下になったときに注意を通知する。第１注意容量は、例えば二次電池の最大容量の１５％である。また、第２注意容量の具体的な値は、例えば２０％である。 (Modification 3)
When one of the two secondary batteries is determined to be abnormal, the connection control device 1 advances the notification timing for notifying the remaining capacity of the battery. The connection control device 1 acquires the remaining capacity of each of the two secondary batteries, and when the acquired remaining capacity becomes equal to or less than a predetermined value, the display device or speaker mounted on the electric vehicle notifies information indicating caution. . Specifically, when both secondary batteries are normal, the connection control device 1 warns the remaining capacity of the batteries when the remaining capacity of the secondary batteries becomes equal to or less than a predetermined first warning capacity. Notice. On the other hand, in the connection control device 1, when one of the two secondary batteries becomes abnormal, the remaining capacity of the normal secondary battery becomes equal to or less than the second caution capacity, which is larger than the first caution capacity. Notify you when The first caution capacity is, for example, 15% of the maximum capacity of the secondary battery. A specific value of the second attention capacity is, for example, 20%.
［加減速状態に応じて接続状態を切り替える処理の流れ］
　図３は、電気自動車が走行中に、電気自動車の加減速状態に応じて接続状態を切り替える処理の流れの一例を示すフローチャートである。図３のフローチャートは、電気自動車が走行中に順次実行される。接続制御装置１は、まず、電気自動車のアクセルペダルのアクセル開度を取得する（ステップＳ１）。 [Flow of processing for switching the connection state according to the acceleration/deceleration state]
FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of processing for switching the connection state according to the acceleration/deceleration state of the electric vehicle while the electric vehicle is running. The flowchart in FIG. 3 is sequentially executed while the electric vehicle is running. The connection control device 1 first acquires the accelerator opening of the accelerator pedal of the electric vehicle (step S1).
　接続制御装置１は、取得したアクセル開度に基づいて、電気自動車が減速中か否かを判定する（ステップＳ２）。具体的には、接続制御装置１は、新たに取得したアクセル開度が、０である又は前回取得したアクセル開度よりも小さい場合、電気自動車が減速中と判定する。また、接続制御装置１は、新たに取得したアクセル開度が、前回取得したアクセル開度以上の場合、加速中と判定する。 The connection control device 1 determines whether the electric vehicle is decelerating based on the acquired accelerator opening (step S2). Specifically, the connection control device 1 determines that the electric vehicle is decelerating when the newly acquired accelerator opening is 0 or smaller than the previously acquired accelerator opening. Further, the connection control device 1 determines that acceleration is being performed when the newly acquired accelerator opening is greater than or equal to the previously acquired accelerator opening.
　接続制御装置１は、電気自動車が減速中である場合（ステップＳ２でＹｅｓ）、第１スイッチＳＷ１を制御して第１二次電池Ｄ１と前輪駆動系統Ｋ１とを接続させる（ステップＳ３）。続いて、接続制御装置１は、第２スイッチＳＷ２を制御して第２二次電池Ｄ２と後輪駆動系統Ｋ２とを接続させる（ステップＳ４）（図１を参照）。なお、ステップＳ４はステップＳ３の前に実行してもよく、ステップＳ３とステップＳ４とを並列に実行してもよい。 When the electric vehicle is decelerating (Yes in step S2), the connection control device 1 controls the first switch SW1 to connect the first secondary battery D1 and the front wheel drive system K1 (step S3). Subsequently, the connection control device 1 controls the second switch SW2 to connect the second secondary battery D2 and the rear wheel drive system K2 (step S4) (see FIG. 1). Note that step S4 may be executed before step S3, or step S3 and step S4 may be executed in parallel.
　接続制御装置１は、電気自動車が加速中である場合（ステップＳ２でＮｏ）、第２スイッチＳＷ２を制御して第１二次電池Ｄ１と後輪駆動系統Ｋ２とを接続させる（ステップＳ５）。続いて、接続制御装置１は、第１スイッチＳＷ１を制御して第２二次電池Ｄ２と前輪駆動系統Ｋ１とを接続させる（ステップＳ６）（図２を参照）。なお、ステップＳ５はステップＳ６の前に実行してもよく、ステップＳ５とステップＳ６とを並列に実行してもよい。 When the electric vehicle is accelerating (No in step S2), the connection control device 1 controls the second switch SW2 to connect the first secondary battery D1 and the rear wheel drive system K2 (step S5). Subsequently, the connection control device 1 controls the first switch SW1 to connect the second secondary battery D2 and the front wheel drive system K1 (step S6) (see FIG. 2). Note that step S5 may be executed before step S6, or step S5 and step S6 may be executed in parallel.
［重量に応じて接続モードを設定する処理の流れ］
　図４は、重量に応じて接続モードを設定する処理の流れの一例を示すフローチャートである。図４のフローチャートは、電気自動車の始動時（例えばイグニッションキーがオンになってから走行を開始するまでの間）に実行される。 [Flow of processing for setting connection mode according to weight]
FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing an example of the flow of processing for setting the connection mode according to weight. The flowchart in FIG. 4 is executed when the electric vehicle is started (for example, after the ignition key is turned on until the vehicle starts running).
　接続制御装置１は、電気自動車の重量を取得する（ステップＳ１１）。例えば、接続制御装置１は、荷台に設けられた重量センサから取得した荷物の重量と、自車の重量とを合算した総重量を電気自動車の重量として取得する。また、接続制御装置１は、電気自動車の後輪軸に係る後輪軸荷重を電気自動車の重量として取得してもよい。 The connection control device 1 acquires the weight of the electric vehicle (step S11). For example, the connection control device 1 acquires, as the weight of the electric vehicle, the total weight obtained by adding the weight of the luggage acquired from the weight sensor provided on the loading platform and the weight of the own vehicle. Also, the connection control device 1 may acquire the rear axle load associated with the rear axle of the electric vehicle as the weight of the electric vehicle.
　接続制御装置１は、取得した重量が、第１閾値以下か否かを判定する（ステップＳ１２）。接続制御装置１は、重量が第１閾値以下である場合（ステップＳ１２でＹｅｓ）、前輪に荷重がかかりやすくなる状態であるとみなして、第１固定接続モードに設定する（ステップＳ１３）。具体的には、接続制御装置１は、減速時及び加速時の両方とも、第１二次電池Ｄ１と前輪駆動系統Ｋ１とを接続させるとともに、第２二次電池Ｄ２と後輪駆動系統Ｋ２とを接続させる。 The connection control device 1 determines whether or not the acquired weight is equal to or less than the first threshold (step S12). If the weight is equal to or less than the first threshold (Yes in step S12), the connection control device 1 determines that the load is likely to be applied to the front wheels, and sets the first fixed connection mode (step S13). Specifically, during both deceleration and acceleration, the connection control device 1 connects the first secondary battery D1 and the front wheel drive system K1, and connects the second secondary battery D2 and the rear wheel drive system K2. to connect.
　接続制御装置１は、重量が第１閾値以上である場合（ステップＳ１２でＮｏ）、重量が第２閾値未満か否かを判定する（ステップＳ１４）。接続制御装置１は、重量が第１閾値以上であり、かつ第２閾値未満である場合（ステップＳ１４でＹｅｓ）、減速時と加速時とで荷重がかかりやすくなる駆動系統が変化するとみなして、減速時と加速時とで接続状態を切り替える切替接続モードに設定する（ステップＳ１５）。具体的には、接続制御装置１は、減速時に第１二次電池Ｄ１と前輪駆動系統Ｋ１とを接続させ、加速時に第１二次電池Ｄ１と後輪駆動系統Ｋ２とを接続させる。 When the weight is equal to or greater than the first threshold (No in step S12), the connection control device 1 determines whether the weight is less than the second threshold (step S14). If the weight is greater than or equal to the first threshold value and less than the second threshold value (Yes in step S14), the connection control device 1 considers that the drive system to which the load is likely to be applied changes between deceleration and acceleration. A switching connection mode is set to switch the connection state between deceleration and acceleration (step S15). Specifically, the connection control device 1 connects the first secondary battery D1 and the front wheel drive system K1 during deceleration, and connects the first secondary battery D1 and the rear wheel drive system K2 during acceleration.
　接続制御装置１は、重量が第２閾値以上である場合（ステップＳ１４でＮｏ）、後輪に荷重がかかりやすくなる状態であるとみなして、第２固定接続モードに設定する（ステップＳ１６）。具体的には、接続制御装置１は、減速時及び加速時の両方とも、第１二次電池Ｄ１と後輪駆動系統Ｋ２とを接続するとともに、第２二次電池Ｄ２と前輪駆動系統Ｋ１とを接続する。 When the weight is equal to or greater than the second threshold (No in step S14), the connection control device 1 determines that the load is likely to be applied to the rear wheels, and sets the second fixed connection mode (step S16). Specifically, the connection control device 1 connects the first secondary battery D1 and the rear wheel drive system K2 and connects the second secondary battery D2 and the front wheel drive system K1 during both deceleration and acceleration. to connect.
［実施の形態に係る駆動システムＳの効果］
　以上説明したとおり、接続制御装置１は、電気自動車の減速時に、第２二次電池Ｄ２よりも電池容量が大きい第１二次電池Ｄ１と、前輪駆動系統Ｋ１と後輪駆動系統Ｋ２とのうちのモータの回生電力が多い方の駆動系統とを接続させる。また、接続制御装置１は、電気自動車の加速時に、第１二次電池Ｄ１と、前輪駆動系統Ｋ１と後輪駆動系統Ｋ２とのうちのモータの駆動電力が多い方の駆動系統とを接続させる。 [Effect of drive system S according to embodiment]
As described above, when the electric vehicle is decelerated, the connection control device 1 selects the first secondary battery D1 having a larger battery capacity than the second secondary battery D2, the front wheel drive system K1, or the rear wheel drive system K2. drive system with more regenerative electric power of the motor. In addition, the connection control device 1 connects the first secondary battery D1 to the drive system having the larger motor drive power, of the front wheel drive system K1 and the rear wheel drive system K2, during acceleration of the electric vehicle. .
　このようにすることで、接続制御装置１は、減速時と加速時とで変化する駆動系統に対する荷重のかかりやすさに応じて、２つの二次電池と２つの駆動系統とを適切に接続することができる。その結果、接続制御装置１は、大きな回生電力で電池容量の大きな第１二次電池Ｄ１を充電することができるから、回生電力を回収しきれなくなるおそれを抑制できる。また、接続制御装置１は、電池容量の大きな第１二次電池Ｄ１から大きな電力を消費させることができるから、二次電池を放電しきってしまうおそれを抑制できる。 By doing so, the connection control device 1 appropriately connects the two secondary batteries and the two drive systems in accordance with the ease with which a load is applied to the drive systems, which changes during deceleration and during acceleration. be able to. As a result, the connection control device 1 can charge the first secondary battery D1 having a large battery capacity with a large amount of regenerated electric power, thereby suppressing the possibility that the regenerated electric power cannot be collected. In addition, the connection control device 1 can consume a large amount of electric power from the first secondary battery D1 having a large battery capacity, so it is possible to suppress the risk of the secondary battery being completely discharged.
　そして、第１二次電池Ｄ１は、大きな電力を消費しても大きな回生電力で充電できるから、残容量（State of Charge）の低下を抑制できる。また、第２二次電池Ｄ２は、消費する電力が小さいので、小さな回生電力であっても残容量の低下を抑制できる。その結果、接続制御装置１は、第１二次電池Ｄ１と第２二次電池Ｄ２との残容量に差が生じることを抑制できる。 Further, since the first secondary battery D1 can be charged with a large amount of regenerative power even if it consumes a large amount of power, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the remaining capacity (State of Charge). In addition, since the second secondary battery D2 consumes a small amount of power, it is possible to suppress a decrease in remaining capacity even with a small amount of regenerative power. As a result, the connection control device 1 can suppress the difference in remaining capacity between the first secondary battery D1 and the second secondary battery D2.
　以上、本発明を実施の形態を用いて説明したが、本発明の技術的範囲は上記実施の形態に記載の範囲には限定されず、その要旨の範囲内で種々の変形及び変更が可能である。例えば、装置の全部又は一部は、任意の単位で機能的又は物理的に分散・統合して構成することができる。また、複数の実施の形態の任意の組み合わせによって生じる新たな実施の形態も、本発明の実施の形態に含まれる。組み合わせによって生じる新たな実施の形態の効果は、もとの実施の形態の効果を併せ持つ。 Although the present invention has been described above using the embodiments, the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the scope described in the above embodiments, and various modifications and changes are possible within the scope of the gist thereof. be. For example, all or part of the device can be functionally or physically distributed and integrated in arbitrary units. In addition, new embodiments resulting from arbitrary combinations of multiple embodiments are also included in the embodiments of the present invention. The effect of the new embodiment caused by the combination has the effect of the original embodiment.
Ｓ　駆動システム
Ｄ１　第１二次電池
Ｄ２　第２二次電池
Ｋ１　前輪駆動系統
Ｋ２　後輪駆動系統
Ｍ１　第１モータ
Ｍ２　第２モータ
ＳＷ１　第１スイッチ
ＳＷ２　第２スイッチ
１　接続制御装置 S drive system D1 first secondary battery D2 second secondary battery K1 front wheel drive system K2 rear wheel drive system M1 first motor M2 second motor SW1 first switch SW2 second switch 1 connection control device

Claims (8)

  1. 　電気自動車を駆動する駆動システムであって、
    　第１モータを含む前輪駆動系統と、
    　前記第１モータと異なる第２モータを含む後輪駆動系統と、
    　第１二次電池と、
    　前記第１二次電池よりも電池容量が小さい第２二次電池と、
    　前記電気自動車の減速時に、前記第１二次電池と、前記前輪駆動系統と前記後輪駆動系統とのうちのモータの回生電力が多い方の駆動系統とを接続させ、前記電気自動車の加速時に、前記第１二次電池と、前記前輪駆動系統と前記後輪駆動系統とのうちのモータの駆動電力が多い方の駆動系統とを接続させる接続制御装置と、
    　を有する駆動システム。     A drive system for driving an electric vehicle, comprising:
    a front wheel drive system including a first motor;
    a rear wheel drive system including a second motor different from the first motor;
    a first secondary battery;
    a second secondary battery having a smaller battery capacity than the first secondary battery;
    When the electric vehicle decelerates, the first secondary battery is connected to the drive system of the front-wheel drive system and the rear-wheel drive system, whichever of the motor regenerative electric power is larger, and when the electric vehicle accelerates. a connection control device for connecting the first secondary battery and the drive system of the front-wheel drive system and the rear-wheel drive system, the drive system of which has more motor drive power;
    drive system.
  2. 　前記接続制御装置は、
    　　前記減速時に、前記第１二次電池と前記前輪駆動系統とを接続させるとともに、前記第２二次電池と前記後輪駆動系統とを接続させ、
    　　前記加速時に、前記第１二次電池と前記後輪駆動系統とを接続させるとともに、前記第２二次電池と前記前輪駆動系統とを接続させる、
    　請求項１に記載の駆動システム。     The connection control device is
    During deceleration, connecting the first secondary battery and the front wheel drive system, and connecting the second secondary battery and the rear wheel drive system,
    During acceleration, the first secondary battery and the rear wheel drive system are connected, and the second secondary battery and the front wheel drive system are connected,
    A drive system according to claim 1 .
  3. 　前記接続制御装置は、
    　　前記電気自動車の重量を取得し、
    　　前記重量が第１閾値以上であり、かつ前記第１閾値よりも大きい第２閾値未満である場合、前記減速時に前記第１二次電池と前記前輪駆動系統とを接続させ、前記加速時に前記第１二次電池と前記後輪駆動系統とを接続させる、
    　請求項１に記載の駆動システム。     The connection control device is
    obtaining the weight of the electric vehicle;
    When the weight is greater than or equal to a first threshold and less than a second threshold that is larger than the first threshold, the first secondary battery and the front wheel drive system are connected during deceleration, and the first secondary battery is connected during acceleration. 1 connecting the secondary battery and the rear wheel drive system;
    A drive system according to claim 1 .
  4. 　前記接続制御装置は、前記重量が前記第１閾値未満の場合、前記減速時及び前記加速時の両方とも、前記第１二次電池と前記前輪駆動系統とを接続させるとともに、前記第２二次電池と前記後輪駆動系統とを接続させる、
    　請求項３に記載の駆動システム。     When the weight is less than the first threshold, the connection control device connects the first secondary battery and the front wheel drive system both during deceleration and during acceleration, and connects the second secondary battery to the front wheel drive system. connecting the battery and the rear wheel drive system;
    4. A drive system according to claim 3.
  5. 　前記接続制御装置は、前記重量が前記第２閾値以上である場合、前記減速時及び前記加速時の両方とも、前記第１二次電池と前記後輪駆動系統とを接続させるとともに、前記第２二次電池と前記前輪駆動系統とを接続させる、
    　請求項３又は４に記載の駆動システム。     When the weight is equal to or greater than the second threshold, the connection control device connects the first secondary battery and the rear wheel drive system both during deceleration and during acceleration, and connects the second secondary battery and the rear wheel drive system. connecting the secondary battery and the front wheel drive system;
    5. A drive system according to claim 3 or 4.
  6. 　前記接続制御装置は、２つの二次電池のうちの一方が異常と判定された場合、前記減速時に、正常と判定された二次電池と前記回生電力が多い方の駆動系統とを接続させ、前記加速時に、正常と判定された二次電池と前記駆動電力が大きい方の駆動系統とを接続させる、
    　請求項１から５のいずれか一項に記載の駆動システム。     When one of the two secondary batteries is determined to be abnormal, the connection control device connects the secondary battery determined to be normal and the drive system with the larger regenerative power during the deceleration, During the acceleration, the secondary battery determined to be normal and the drive system having the larger drive power are connected;
    Drive system according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
  7. 　前記接続制御装置は、２つの二次電池のうちの一方が異常と判定された場合、正常な方の二次電池と外部の充電装置とを接続させる、
    　請求項１から６のいずれか一項に記載の駆動システム。     When one of the two secondary batteries is determined to be abnormal, the connection control device connects the normal secondary battery to an external charging device.
    Drive system according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
  8. 　前記接続制御装置は、２つの二次電池のうちの一方が異常と判定された場合、正常な方の二次電池の残容量が、２つの二次電池がともに正常である場合に電池の残容量に対する注意を通知する所定の第１注意容量よりも大きい第２注意容量以下になったときに注意を通知する、
    　請求項１から７のいずれか一項に記載の駆動システム。     When one of the two secondary batteries is determined to be abnormal, the connection control device changes the remaining capacity of the normal secondary battery to the remaining capacity of the battery when both of the two secondary batteries are normal. notifying attention to capacity Notifying attention when it becomes equal to or less than a second attention capacity that is greater than a predetermined first attention capacity;
    Drive system according to any one of the preceding claims.
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JP2019180213A (en) * 2018-03-30 2019-10-17 本田技研工業株式会社 Power supply system for vehicle

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JPH08133063A (en) * 1994-11-14 1996-05-28 Toyota Motor Corp Braking device of electric vehicle
JP2004262357A (en) * 2003-03-03 2004-09-24 Nippon Home Keizai Kenkyusho:Kk Electric car and its continuous operation guarantee system
JP2017112680A (en) * 2015-12-15 2017-06-22 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 Inverter control device
JP2019080473A (en) * 2017-10-27 2019-05-23 株式会社デンソー Power storage system
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