WO2022195605A1

WO2022195605A1 - Swappable modular battery pack and assembly thereof

Info

Publication number: WO2022195605A1
Application number: PCT/IN2022/050150
Authority: WO
Inventors: Praveen Bhaskar Reddi; Sourya Pradeep Taduthuri; Giridhar Potnuru
Original assignee: Praveen Bhaskar Reddi; Sourya Pradeep Taduthuri
Priority date: 2021-03-16
Filing date: 2022-02-21
Publication date: 2022-09-22

Abstract

Disclosed is a battery pack system (100) that includes a top connector (102), a bottom connector (104), a holder unit (106), and one or more batteries (108). The top connector (102), the bottom connector (102) and the holder unit (106) holds one or more batteries 5 (108) through a pressure based technique to keep one or more batteries (108) intact and form one or more electrical connections. Furthermore, the battery pack system (100) eliminates the need for spot welding process in battery manufacturing.

Description

SWAPPABLE MODULAR BATTERY PACK AND ASSEMBLY THEREOF

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure generally relates to battery pack and battery pack assemblies, and more particularly, to swappable modular battery pack and assembly thereof.

BACKGROUND

This section is intended only to provide background information pertaining to the similar field of the present invention, and may be used only to enhance the understanding of the present invention and not as admissions of prior art. Storing and connecting cells/batteries has always been a difficult part in the backend of electronics industry. Energy storage market is on rise across the world. Battery energy storage provides several valuable services and advantages in stationary, renewable grid services and electric mobility. Scaling and assembling of batteries in such devices have always been difficult for the engineers. There are numerous ways to assemble lithium battery packs in the industry, and various assembly or management methods are used more and more widely in the battery field. In order to deliver the required power and energy as per the application, it is necessary to assemble the individual Li-ion cells in series and parallel configuration to make up a Li-ion battery pack. The assembly structure in the industry is dominated by spot welding, for example Glue bonding Nickel strip spot welding and internal bracket assembly, nickel strip spot welding. Here, the shape and structure of the battery pack are fixed and difficult to change, resulting in a single battery pack application range. However, the introduction of new products has led to more and more complicated assembly of multiple series and parallel structures. Moreover, the spot-welded battery pack structure is extremely inconvenient in terms of battery maintenance and replacement. The battery contains excessive amounts of heavy metal components which pollute the environment, and the disposal of discarded batteries is also very complicated. If the battery is not handled properly, it will cause serious pollution to the environment. A battery pack is a hierarchical and repetitive assembly of individual cells. The challenges in battery pack assembly process are enormous such as different cell sizes, shapes, form factors, and capacities.

In view of the foregoing, there is a need to develop a system to provide a detachable lithium-ion battery unit that can combine single batteries without spot welding in responses to the deficiencies of the prior.

SUMMARY In one aspect of the present disclosure, a battery pack system is provided. The battery pack system includes a top connector configured to provide upper support to one or more batteries in that the top connector further includes a top closure of the top connector and a bottom closure of the top connector. The battery pack system further includes a bottom connector configured to provide lower support to one or more batteries, in that the bottom connector further includes a top closure of the bottom connector and a bottom closure of the bottom connector. The battery pack system further includes a holder unit coupled to the top connector and the bottom connector by way of long nuts, in that the holder unit is configured to enclose one or more batteries. The battery pack system further includes a first conductive strip unit sandwiched between the top closure of the top connector and a bottom closure of the top connector, in that the first conductive strip unit is configured to provide conductivity to one or more batteries. The battery pack system further includes a second conductive strip unit sandwiched between the top closure of the bottom connector and a bottom closure of the bottom connector, in that the second conductive strip unit is configured to provide conductivity to one or more batteries. The battery pack system further includes a plurality of fuses coupled to the top connector and the bottom connector, in that the plurality of fuses is fixed to the first conductive strip unit and the second conductive strip unit such that each battery of one or more batteries encompass induvial fuse of the plurality of fuses.

In some aspect of the present disclosure, the top closure of the top connector further includes a plurality of circular extrusions such that the plurality of circular extrusions is configured to bend the first conductive strip unit towards each battery of one or more batteries to hold one or more batteries.

In some aspect of the present disclosure, the top closure of the top connector further includes a plurality of rectangular extrusions such that the plurality of rectangular extrusions is configured to hold the first conductive strip unit. In some aspect of the present disclosure, the bottom closure of the top connector further includes a plurality of insulation layer to the plurality of circular extrusions assembled over each battery of one or more batteries such that a plurality of positive terminal of one or more batteries is separated from a plurality of negative terminal of one or more batteries. In some aspect of the present disclosure, the bottom closure of the top connector further includes a plurality of rectangular insulation layer that is present in the plurality of circular extrusions that is configured to increase the distance between each first conductive strips of the first conductive strip unit.

In some aspect of the present disclosure, the top closure of the top connector, the first conductive strip unit and the bottom closure of the top connector is coupled by a plurality of small nuts.

In some aspect of the present disclosure, the top closure of the top connector, the first conductive strip unit and the bottom closure of the top connector is further coupled by a clipper unit. In some aspect of the present disclosure, the top connector further includes a positive busbar terminal such that the positive busbar terminal combines multiple positive terminals of each battery of one or more batteries.

In some aspect of the present disclosure, the top closure of the top connector, the first conductive strip unit, and the bottom closure of the top connector is further molded into a single unit.

In some aspect of the present disclosure, the bottom closure of the bottom connector further includes the plurality of circular extrusions such that the plurality of circular extrusions is configured to bend the second conductive strip unit towards each battery of one or more batteries to hold one or more batteries.

In some aspect of the present disclosure, the bottom closure of the bottom connector further includes a plurality of rectangular extrusions such that the plurality of rectangular extrusions is configured to hold the second conductive strip unit.

In some aspect of the present disclosure, the top closure of the bottom connector further includes a plurality of insulation layer to the plurality circular extrusions assembled over each battery of one or more batteries such that a plurality of negative terminal of one or more batteries is separated from a plurality of positive terminal of one or more batteries.

In some aspect of the present disclosure, the bottom closure of the bottom connector further includes a plurality of rectangular insulation layer that is present in the plurality of circular extrusions, and is configured to increase the distance between each second conductive strips of the second conductive strip unit.

In some aspect of the present disclosure, the bottom closure of the bottom connector, the second conductive strip unit and the top closure of the bottom connector is coupled by a plurality of small nuts. In some aspect of the present disclosure, the bottom closure of the bottom connector, the second conductive strip unit and the top closure of the bottom connector is further coupled by a clipper unit.

In some aspect of the present disclosure, the bottom connector further includes a negative busbar terminal such that the negative busbar terminal combines multiple negative terminals of each battery of one or more batteries.

In some aspect of the present disclosure, a controller strip is attached to the top connector, the holder unit, and the bottom connector such that the controller strip is configured to provide charging ports and further consolidate the top connector, the bottom connector, and the holder unit.

In some aspect of the present disclosure, the system further provides flexibility to configure one or more batteries in series or parallel arrangement, scalability to increase more batteries, adaptable to different size of batteries and capacities, and replaceable in case of any default in the system. In some aspect of the present disclosure, the positive bus bar terminal and the negative busbar terminal is further configured in parallel stripping of the first conductive strip unit and the second conductive strip unit such that the parallel striping further allow the flow of higher currents to flow through the battery pack system.

In some aspect of the present disclosure, the top closure of the bottom connector, the second conductive strip unit, and the bottom closure of the bottom connector is further molded into a single unit.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

Other objects, features, and advantages of the embodiment will be apparent from the following description when read with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, wherein like reference numerals denote corresponding parts throughout the several views: FIG. 1 illustrates an exploded view of a battery pack system, in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 illustrates an exploded view of the top connector of FIG.1 of the battery pack system, in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure; FIG. 3 illustrates an exploded view of the bottom connector of FIG.1 of the battery pack system, in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure; and

FIG. 4 illustrates isometric view of the battery pack system, in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure.

To facilitate understanding, like reference numerals have been used, where possible to designate like elements common to the figures.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The aspects herein and the various features and advantageous details thereof are explained more fully with reference to the non-limiting aspects that are illustrated in the accompanying drawings and detailed in the following description. Descriptions of well-known components and processing techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the aspects herein. The aspects are in such detail as to clearly communicate the disclosure. However, the amount of detail offered is not intended to limit the anticipated variations of aspects; on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims. Various terms as used herein are shown below. To the extent a term used in a claim is not defined below, it should be given the broadest definition persons in the pertinent art have given that term as reflected in printed publications and issued patents at the time of filing.

The examples used herein are intended merely to facilitate an understanding of ways in which the aspects herein may be practiced and to further enable those of skill in the art to practice the aspects herein. Accordingly, the examples should not be construed as limiting the scope of the aspects herein.

Throughout the prior arts, there remains a need to develop a system to provide a detachable lithium-ion battery unit that may combine multiple batteries without spot welding.

FIG.l illustrates an exploded view of a battery pack system 100 in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure.

The battery pack system 100 may include a top connector 102, a bottom connector 104, a holder unit 106, one or more batteries 108, a plurality of battery cavities 110, a plurality of circular extrusions 112, a plurality of rectangular extrusions 114, a controller strip 116, a plurality of long nuts 118, a plurality of small nuts 120, and a plurality of fuses 122.

The top connector 102 may further include a top closure of the top connector 128, a bottom closure of the top connector 130, a first conductive strip unit 124, and the plurality of small nuts 120.

The holder unit 106 may include the plurality of battery cavities 110.

The bottom connector 104 may further include a top closure of the bottom connector 148, a bottom closure of the bottom connector 150, a second conductive strip unit 126, and the plurality of small nuts 120. In an aspect, the term “cell” or “battery cell” defines an electrochemical cell made of at least one positive electrode, at least one negative electrode, an electrolyte, and a separator membrane. The term “cell” and “battery” are used interchangeably. It should further be appreciated that the person skilled in the art, though prismatic lithium ion type batteries are predominantly referred to herein, other types of batteries are contemplated. The top connector 102 is coupled with the holder unit 106 and the bottom connector 104 by the plurality of long nuts 118. The plurality of long nuts 118 may further be circumfused in the plurality long nut cavities present in the top connector 102, the holder unit 106, and the bottom connector 104. One or more batteries 108 may be assembled between the top connector 102 and the bottom connector 104 through the holder unit 106. The plurality of circular extrusions 112 may be present in the top connector 102 and the bottom connector 104. The plurality of circular extrusions 112 may be further configured to bend the first conductive strip unit 124 and the second conductive strip unit 126. The holder unit 106 may include the plurality of battery cavities 110 to enclose one or more batteries 108 into the holder unit 106.

In an aspect, the top connector 102 and the bottom connector 104 may entail a technique to enclose one or more batteries 108 that is circumfused in the plurality of battery cavities 110 by tightening along through the plurality of long nuts 118. In an aspect, ‘tightening’ of the ‘fastening’ is defined when the battery packs are under compression.

Furthermore, a clamper, a clipper, a zipper, and the like materials for fastening the system may be used instead of the plurality of long nuts 118 and the plurality of small nuts 120. The controller strip 116 may be attached to the top connector 102, the holder unit 106 and the bottom connector 104 such that the controller strip 116 is configured to provide charging ports and further consolidate the top connector 102, the bottom connector 104, and the holder unit 106. The charging ports is configured for receiving electric power supplied from a power supply. FIG. 2 illustrates an exploded view of the top connector 102, according to an aspect of the present disclosure. The top connector 102 may include the top closure of the top connector 128, the bottom closure of the top connector 130, the first conductive strip unit 124, the plurality of circular extrusions 112, the plurality of rectangular extrusions 114, the plurality of small nuts 120, a plurality of small nut cavities 132. The top closure of the top connector 128 may be coupled to the bottom closure of the top connector 130 through the small nuts. The first conductive strip unit 124 may be sandwiched between the top closure of the top connector 128 and the bottom closure of the top connector 130. The top closure of the top connector 128, the first conductive strip unit 124 and the bottom closure of the top connector 130 may be coupled by the plurality of small nuts 120.

The top connector 102 further may include a positive busbar terminal 144 such that the positive busbar terminal 144 combines multiple positive terminals of each battery of one or more batteries 108.

The plurality of fuses 122 coupled to the plurality of circular extrusions 112 present in the top closure of the top connector 128. Each battery of one or more batteries 108 encompass induvial fuse of the plurality of fuses 122. In an aspect a combined fuse of the plurality of fuses 122 may be coupled to the positive busbar terminal 144 or negative bus bar terminal. The plurality of fuses 122 may take vibration and harnessing problem occur in battery pack system 100. The plurality of circular extrusions 112 may be further configured to bend the first conductive strip unit 124 towards each battery of one or more batteries 108 to hold one or more batteries 108.

The top closure of the top connector 128 may further include the plurality of rectangular extrusions 114 such that the plurality of rectangular extrusions 114 is configured to hold the first conductive strip unit 124. The bottom closure of the top connector 130 may further include a plurality of insulation layer 134 to the plurality of circular extrusions 112 assembled over each battery of one or more batteries 108 such that a plurality of positive terminal 136 of one or more batteries 108 may be separated from a plurality of negative terminal 138 of one or more batteries 108.

In an aspect, the bottom closure of the top connector 130 may further include a plurality of rectangular insulation layer 140 that is present in the plurality of circular extrusions 112 that may be configured to increase the distance between each first conductive strips of the first conductive strip unit 124. The top closure of the top connector 128, the first conductive strip unit 124 and the bottom closure of the top connector 130 may be further coupled by a clipper unit 142. In an aspect, the clipper unit 142 may be a clamper, a clipper, a zipper, and the like materials for fastening the system may be used instead of the plurality of long nuts 118 and the plurality of small nuts 120. The first conductive strip unit 124 may be further configured to provide conductivity to one or more batteries 108.

FIG. 3 illustrates an exploded view of the bottom connector 104, according to an aspect of the present disclosure.

The bottom connector 104 may include the top closure of the bottom connector 148, the bottom closure of the bottom connector 150, the second conductive strip unit 126, the plurality of circular extrusions 112, the plurality of rectangular extrusions 114, the plurality of small nuts 120, the plurality of small nut cavities 132.

The top closure of the bottom connector 148 may be coupled to the bottom closure of the bottom connector 150 through the small nuts. The second conductive strip unit 126 may be sandwiched between the top closure of the bottom connector 148 and the bottom closure of the bottom connector 150. The top closure of the bottom connector 148, the second conductive strip unit 126 and the bottom closure of the bottom connector 150 may be coupled by the plurality of small nuts 120.

The bottom closure of the bottom connector 150, the second conductive strip unit 126 and the top closure of the bottom connector 148 may be coupled by the plurality of small nuts 120.

The bottom closure of the bottom connector 150 may further include the plurality of circular extrusions 112 such that the plurality of circular extrusions 112 is configured to bend the second conductive strip unit 126 towards each battery of one or more batteries 108 to hold one or more batteries 108. The bottom closure of the bottom connector 150 may further include the plurality of rectangular extrusions 114 such that the plurality of rectangular extrusions 114 may be configured to hold the second conductive strip unit 126.

The top closure of the bottom connector 148 may further include the plurality of insulation layer 134 to the plurality circular extrusions assembled over each battery of one or more batteries 108 such that the plurality of negative terminal 138 of one or more batteries 108 may be separated from the plurality of positive terminal 136 of one or more batteries 108.

The bottom closure of the bottom connector 150 may further include the plurality of rectangular insulation layer 140 that may be present in the plurality of circular extrusions 112, and may be further configured to increase the distance between each second conductive strips of the second conductive strip unit 126.

The bottom closure of the bottom connector 150, the second conductive strip unit 126 and the top closure of the bottom connector 148 is further coupled by the clipper unit 142. In an aspect, the clipper unit 142 may be the clamper, the clipper, the zipper, and the like materials for fastening the system that may be used instead of the plurality of long nuts 118 and the plurality of small nuts 120. The bottom connector 104 may further include a negative busbar terminal 146 such that the negative busbar terminal 146 may combines multiple negative terminals of each battery of one or more batteries 108.

FIG. 4 illustrates isometric view of the battery pack system 100, according to an aspect of the present disclosure.

The system may further provide flexibility to configure one or more batteries 108 in series or parallel arrangement. In an aspect, the system may provide scalability to increase more batteries. In an aspect, the system may be adaptable to different size of batteries and capacities, and replaceable in case of any default in the system.

In an aspect, the positive bus bar terminal and the negative busbar terminal 146 may be further configured in parallel stripping of the first conductive strip unit 124 and the second conductive strip unit 126 such that the parallel striping may further allow the flow of higher currents to flow through the battery pack system 100. In another aspect, the negative busbar terminal 146 and the positive busbar terminal may be interchanged to the top connector 102 and the bottom connector according to the terminal position of one or more batteries.

The shape, size, and quantity of the plurality of the first conductive strip and the second conductive strip, and the like are not particularly limited. In an aspect, the first conductive strip and the second conductive strip may have a curved surface structure along the side surface of one or more batteries 108. The material is preferably a material made of a low electrical resistance such as Copper (Cu).

The controller strip 116 that may be defined as a monitoring means for monitoring the status of each cell of one or more batteries 108. The controller strip 116 may include an integrated electrical circuit that monitors the status of each battery of one or more batteries 108 by detecting the number of triggered conductivity breaking from the failed cells, i.e., a cell that has exceeded a prescribed electrical and/or thermal limit, within the battery pack system 100. The controller strip 116 may transmit data that has been collected about the status of each cell within the system, to be fed through a method to compare with the optimal function of the system, to determine the number of fully functioning batteries and the number of failed batteries. Advantageously, the aforementioned aspect may provide information on the overall condition and remaining useful life of the battery pack system 100. More advantageously, the information may be used to inform the user of maintenance requirements, and of potential safety hazards from using an under-performing battery in the system.

In an aspect, the battery pack system 100 may utilize pressure -based technique to keep one or more batteries 108 intact. In another aspect, the battery pack system 100 may eliminate the need for spot welding process in battery manufacturing.

In an aspect, the top closure of the top connector 128, the first conductive strip unit 124, and the bottom closure of the top connector 130 may further be molded into a single unit.

In another aspect, the top closure of the bottom connector 148, the second conductive strip unit 126, and the bottom closure of the bottom connector 150 may further be molded into a single unit.

It will be apparent to the person skilled in the art that the number and arrangement of batteries constituting the assembled battery are not particularly limited. It does not matter if they are not arranged in one row but may be arranged in a plurality of rows. The number and arrangement of the assembled batteries constituting the assembled battery assembly are not particularly limited.

As will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, the present aspect may easily be produced in other specific forms without departing from its essential characteristics. The present aspects are therefore, to be considered as merely illustrative and not restrictive, the scope being indicated by the claims rather than the foregoing description, and all changes which come within therefore intended to be embraced therein.

Claims

WE CLAIM

1. A battery pack system (100) comprises: a top connector (102) configured to provide upper support to one or more batteries (108), wherein the top connector (102) further comprises a top closure of the top connector (128) and a bottom closure of the top connector (130); a bottom connector (104) configured to provide lower support to one or more batteries (108), wherein the bottom connector (104) further comprises a top closure of the bottom connector (148) and a bottom closure of the bottom connector (150); a holder unit (106) coupled to the top connector (102) and the bottom connector

(104) by way of long nuts, wherein the holder unit (106) is configured to enclose one or more batteries (108); a first conductive strip unit (124) sandwiched between the top closure of the top connector (128) and a bottom closure of the top connector (130), wherein the first conductive strip unit (124) is configured to provide conductivity to one or more batteries (108); a second conductive strip unit (126) sandwiched between the top closure of the bottom connector (148) and a bottom closure of the bottom connector (150), wherein the second conductive strip unit (126) is configured to provide conductivity to one or more batteries (108); and a plurality of fuses (122) coupled to the top connector (102) and the bottom connector (104), wherein the plurality of fuses (122) is fixed to the first conductive strip unit (124) and the second conductive strip unit (126) such that each battery of one or more batteries (108) encompass induvial fuse of the plurality of fuses (122).

2. The battery pack system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the top closure of the top connector (128) further includes a plurality of circular extrusions (112) such that the plurality of circular extrusions (112) is configured to bend the first conductive strip unit (124) towards each battery of one or more batteries (108) to hold one or more batteries (108).

3. The battery pack system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the top closure of the top connector (128) further includes a plurality of rectangular extrusions (114) such that the plurality of rectangular extrusions (114) is configured to hold the first conductive strip unit (124). 4. The battery pack system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bottom closure of the top connector (130) further includes a plurality of insulation layer (134) to the plurality of circular extrusions (112) assembled over each battery of one or more batteries (108) such that a plurality of positive terminal (136) of one or more batteries (108) is separated from a plurality of negative terminal (138) of one or more batteries (108).

5. The battery pack system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bottom closure of the top connector (130) further includes a plurality of rectangular insulation layer (140) that is present in the plurality of circular extrusions (112) that is configured to increase the distance between each first conductive strips of the first conductive strip unit (124).

6. The battery pack system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the top closure of the top connector (128), the first conductive strip unit (124) and the bottom closure of the top connector (130) is coupled by a plurality of small nuts (120).

7. The plurality of small nuts (120) as claimed in claim 6, wherein the top closure of the top connector (128), the first conductive strip unit (124) and the bottom closure of the top connector (130) is further coupled by a clipper unit (142).

8. The battery pack system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the top connector (102) further includes a positive busbar terminal (144) such that the positive busbar terminal (144) combines multiple positive terminals of each battery of one or more batteries (108). 9. The battery pack system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the top closure of the top connector (128), the first conductive strip unit (124), and the bottom closure of the top connector (130) is further molded into a single unit.

10. The battery pack system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bottom closure of the bottom connector (150) further includes the plurality of circular extrusions (112) such that the plurality of circular extrusions (112) is configured to bend the second conductive strip unit (126) towards each battery of one or more batteries (108) to hold one or more batteries (108).

11. The battery pack system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bottom closure of the bottom connector ( 150) further includes a plurality of rectangular extrusions (114) such that the plurality of rectangular extrusions (114) is configured to hold the second conductive strip unit (126).

12. The battery pack system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the top closure of the bottom connector (148) further includes a plurality of insulation layer (134) to the plurality circular extrusions assembled over each battery of one or more batteries (108) such that a plurality of negative terminal (138) of one or more batteries (108) is separated from a plurality of positive terminal (136) of one or more batteries (108).

13. The battery pack system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bottom closure of the bottom connector ( 150) further includes a plurality of rectangular insulation layer (140) that is present in the plurality of circular extrusions (112), and is configured to increase the distance between each second conductive strips of the second conductive strip unit (126).

14. The battery pack system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bottom closure of the bottom connector (150), the second conductive strip unit (126) and the top closure of the bottom connector (148) is coupled by a plurality of small nuts (120).

15. The plurality of small nuts (120) as claimed in claim 14, wherein the bottom closure of the bottom connector (150), the second conductive strip unit (126) and the top closure of the bottom connector (148) is further coupled by a clipper unit (142).

16. The battery pack system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bottom connector (104) further includes a negative busbar terminal (146) such that the negative busbar terminal (146) combines multiple negative terminals of each battery of one or more batteries (108).

17. The battery pack system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein a controller strip (116) is attached to the top connector (102), the holder unit (106), and the bottom connector (104) such that the controller strip (116) is configured to provide charging ports and further consolidate the top connector (102), the bottom connector (104), and the holder unit (106).

18. The battery pack system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the system further provides flexibility to configure one or more batteries (108) in series or parallel arrangement, scalability to increase more batteries, adaptable to different size of batteries and capacities, and replaceable in case of any default in the system (100). 19. The battery pack system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the positive bus bar terminal and the negative busbar terminal (146) is further configured in parallel stripping of the first conductive strip unit (124) and the second conductive strip unit (126) such that the parallel striping further allow the flow of higher currents to flow through the battery pack system (100).

20. The battery pack system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the top closure of the bottom connector (148), the second conductive strip unit (126), and the bottom closure of the bottom connector (150) is further molded into a single unit.